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177 lines
17 KiB
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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.944.49921" ID-GBIF-Dataset="3aa0ff0e-f235-4efb-94f0-15ba44ff5e0d" ID-PMC="PMC7340629" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-944-47" ID-Pensoft-UUID="530549BF5AD95FF7B321BF51843EAD48" ID-PubMed="32684773" ID-ZooBank="CBF1BE5BD1E5408B8769E8FA935D6C78" ModsDocID="1313-2970-944-47" checkinTime="1593557106400" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Wesolowska, Wanda, Azarkina, Galina N. & Wisniewski, Konrad" docDate="2020" docId="106CD250446654E384E70DB5EED3B7B7" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 944: 47-98" docOrigin="ZooKeys 944" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.944.49921" docTitle="Pachyballus caelestis Wesołowska & Azarkina & Wiśniewski 2020, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="DD252B66-8F33-4266-B6A1-670C09BA3D3F" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" id="530549BF5AD95FF7B321BF51843EAD48" lastPageNumber="47" masterDocId="530549BF5AD95FF7B321BF51843EAD48" masterDocTitle="A revision of Pachyballus Simon, 1900 and Peplometus Simon, 1900 (Araneae, Salticidae, Ballini) with descriptions of new species" masterLastPageNumber="98" masterPageNumber="47" pageNumber="47" updateTime="1668169033184" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A revision of Pachyballus Simon, 1900 and Peplometus Simon, 1900 (Araneae, Salticidae, Ballini) with descriptions of new species</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Wesolowska, Wanda</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Taxonomy, University of Wroclaw, Przybyszewskiego 65, 51 - 148 Wroclaw, Poland</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Azarkina, Galina N.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Laboratory of Systematics of Invertebrate Animals, Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals, Siberian Branch Russian Academy of Sciences, Frunze Street 11, Novosibirsk 630091, Russia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9328-3913</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Wisniewski, Konrad</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Institute of Biology and Earth Sciences, Pomeranian University in Slupsk, Arciszewskiego 22 b, 76 - 200 Slupsk, Poland</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>944</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>47</mods:start>
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<mods:end>98</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.944.49921</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.944.49921</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-944-47</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">CBF1BE5BD1E5408B8769E8FA935D6C78</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">530549BF5AD95FF7B321BF51843EAD48</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="164844937" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:DD252B66-8F33-4266-B6A1-670C09BA3D3F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/106CD250446654E384E70DB5EED3B7B7" lastPageNumber="47" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="47" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
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<taxonomicName LSID="106CD250-4466-54E3-84E7-0DB5EED3B7B7" authority="Wesołowska & Azarkina & Wiśniewski, 2020" authorityName="Wesołowska & Azarkina & Wiśniewski" authorityYear="2020" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Pachyballus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pachyballus caelestis" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caelestis" status="sp. nov.">Pachyballus caelestis</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="47">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 9–13" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 9 - 13. Pachyballus caelestis sp. nov. 9 male, habitus, dorsal view 10 female, habitus, dorsal view 11 female, habitus, lateral view 12 palpal organ, ventral view 13 palpal organ, lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.944.49921.figures9-13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/427054" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Figures 9-13</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 14–17" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figures 14 - 17. Pachyballus caelestis sp. nov. 14 palpal organ, ventral view 15 palpal organ, lateral view 16 epigyne 17 internal structure of epigyne." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.944.49921.figures14-17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/427055" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">, 14-17</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 193–198" captionStartId="F36" captionText="Figures 193 - 198. Distribution maps of Pachyballus and Peplometus species. 193 circle - Pachyballus caelestis, square - P. castaneus, triangle - P. variegatus 194 P. flavipes 195 circle - P. miniscutulus, square - P. mombasensis, triangle - P. ornatus 196 P. transversus 197 circle - Peplometus biscutellatus, square - P. chlorophthalmus 198 circle - P. nimba, square - P. oyo, triangle - P. congoensis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.944.49921.figures193-198" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/427088" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">, 193</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="47" type="holotype">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Holotype.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
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Congo D.R. • ♀; Mayombe, Bas Congo, Luki Forest Reserve;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="5" direction="south" minutes="37" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-5.616667">5°37'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="13" direction="east" minutes="05" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="13.083333">13°05'E</geoCoordinate>
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; 23.IX.2007; D. De Bakker and J.
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<taxonomicName genus="P." lsidName="P." pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rank="genus">P.</taxonomicName>
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Michiels leg.; canopy fogging, old secondary rainforest; MRAC 226 102.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="47" type="paratypes">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Paratypes.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Congo D.R. • 1♀; same locality as the holotype; 25.IX.2007; canopy fogging, old secondary rainforest; MRAC 226 107 • 1♀; the same locality; 1.X.2007; canopy fogging, primary rainforest; MRAC 226 114 • 1♂; the same locality; 13.XI.2006; canopy fogging, primary rainforest; MRAC 226 113.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="47" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
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This species is covered very densely with short hairs, which is the best feature to distinguish it from congeners. Male palpal organ has a characteristic embolus that forms a considerably high and narrow coil similar to that of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="P. castaneus" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rank="species" species="castaneus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">P. castaneus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. The coil comprises four loops (two and a half in the latter species). The female is distinctive in having the epigyne with broad, short ridge on posterior edge of the epigynal depression; the copulatory ducts are relatively straight (they do not form any loops).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="47" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
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The specific name is from Latin, meaning
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“soaring”">"soaring"</normalizedToken>
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and refers to this species living high in a forest canopy.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="47" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Male.</emphasis>
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Measurements. Cephalothorax: length 1.4, width 1.5, height 0.5. Eye field: length 0.7, anterior width 1.2, posterior width 1.5. Abdomen: length 1.8, width 2.0.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
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General appearance as in Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 9–13" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 9 - 13. Pachyballus caelestis sp. nov. 9 male, habitus, dorsal view 10 female, habitus, dorsal view 11 female, habitus, lateral view 12 palpal organ, ventral view 13 palpal organ, lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.944.49921.figures9-13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/427054" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">9</figureCitation>
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. Small, very flat spider with strongly sclerotised, pitted integument. Carapace black, clothed in dense short light hairs. Eye field trapezoid, distance between anterior lateral eyes shorter than between posterior laterals. Eyes encircled by white scales. Clypeus low, with a few white hairs. Chelicera with two teeth on promarginal edge and four retromarginal teeth. Endites and labium light brown with whitish tips. Abdomen heart-shaped, wider than long, blackish with white scales on sides and posterior part. Anterior margin of abdomen covers posterior part of carapace. Venter brown, with typical scuta. Spinnerets black. Legs I the stoutest, femur and patella brown, tibia slightly thickened, black with long dark setae ventrally, metatarsus and tarsus yellowish. Tibia with one short ventral spine distally, metatarsus with two pairs of ventral spines. Legs II the same in colour as the first pair. Legs III and IV brown with yellow distal segments. Pedipalp yellowish, its structure similar to that in other species, embolus forms a considerably high and narrow coil that comprises four loops as in Figs
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 9–13" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 9 - 13. Pachyballus caelestis sp. nov. 9 male, habitus, dorsal view 10 female, habitus, dorsal view 11 female, habitus, lateral view 12 palpal organ, ventral view 13 palpal organ, lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.944.49921.figures9-13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/427054" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">12</figureCitation>
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-
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 14–17" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figures 14 - 17. Pachyballus caelestis sp. nov. 14 palpal organ, ventral view 15 palpal organ, lateral view 16 epigyne 17 internal structure of epigyne." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.944.49921.figures14-17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/427055" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">15</figureCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Female.</emphasis>
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Measurements. Cephalothorax: length 1.1-1.2, width 1.3-1.4, height 0.5. Eye field: length 0.6-0.7, anterior width 1.0-1.1, posterior width 1.2-1.3. Abdomen: length 2.0-2.2, width 2.2-2.4.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
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General appearance as in Figs
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 9–13" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 9 - 13. Pachyballus caelestis sp. nov. 9 male, habitus, dorsal view 10 female, habitus, dorsal view 11 female, habitus, lateral view 12 palpal organ, ventral view 13 palpal organ, lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.944.49921.figures9-13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/427054" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">10</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 9–13" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 9 - 13. Pachyballus caelestis sp. nov. 9 male, habitus, dorsal view 10 female, habitus, dorsal view 11 female, habitus, lateral view 12 palpal organ, ventral view 13 palpal organ, lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.944.49921.figures9-13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/427054" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">11</figureCitation>
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. Slightly larger than male, shape of body similar. Carapace covered with white hairs. Colouration of abdomen a little lighter than in male, brown, blackish in the mid part and along edge. Palps light brown. Epigyne oval, central depression divided posteriorly by short, wide ridge (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 14–17" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figures 14 - 17. Pachyballus caelestis sp. nov. 14 palpal organ, ventral view 15 palpal organ, lateral view 16 epigyne 17 internal structure of epigyne." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.944.49921.figures14-17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/427055" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">16</figureCitation>
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). Copulatory ducts wide, spermathecae slightly smaller than in other species, small accessory glands opening into copulatory ducts (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 14–17" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figures 14 - 17. Pachyballus caelestis sp. nov. 14 palpal organ, ventral view 15 palpal organ, lateral view 16 epigyne 17 internal structure of epigyne." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.944.49921.figures14-17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/427055" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">17</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.944.49921.figures9-13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/427054" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" start="Figures 9–13" startId="F3">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Figures 9-13.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Wesołowska & Azarkina & Wiśniewski" authorityYear="2020" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Pachyballus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pachyballus caelestis" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caelestis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Pachyballus caelestis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">9</emphasis>
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male, habitus, dorsal view
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">10</emphasis>
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female, habitus, dorsal view
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">11</emphasis>
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female, habitus, lateral view
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">12</emphasis>
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palpal organ, ventral view
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">13</emphasis>
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palpal organ, lateral view.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.944.49921.figures14-17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/427055" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" start="Figures 14–17" startId="F4">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Figures 14-17.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Wesołowska & Azarkina & Wiśniewski" authorityYear="2020" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Pachyballus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pachyballus caelestis" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caelestis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Pachyballus caelestis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">14</emphasis>
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palpal organ, ventral view
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">15</emphasis>
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palpal organ, lateral view
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">16</emphasis>
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epigyne
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">17</emphasis>
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internal structure of epigyne.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="47" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
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Known only from the type locality (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 193–198" captionStartId="F36" captionText="Figures 193 - 198. Distribution maps of Pachyballus and Peplometus species. 193 circle - Pachyballus caelestis, square - P. castaneus, triangle - P. variegatus 194 P. flavipes 195 circle - P. miniscutulus, square - P. mombasensis, triangle - P. ornatus 196 P. transversus 197 circle - Peplometus biscutellatus, square - P. chlorophthalmus 198 circle - P. nimba, square - P. oyo, triangle - P. congoensis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.944.49921.figures193-198" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/427088" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">193</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="47" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">All specimens were collected by fogging. Probably, this species lives high in the forest canopy.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |