213 lines
29 KiB
XML
213 lines
29 KiB
XML
<document id="E047A96E4DF52FDF3D16A79749FCADE8" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5555.2.5" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14594610" ID-ZooBank="DD581783-A962-49F4-B591-F3318ABAFA0E" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1735929384125" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Elliott, Imogen R." docDate="2024" docId="03FE6D7FFFE6C610BAF5F3FDFD7239EF" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5555.2.5.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5555 (2)" docSource="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5555.2.5" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Gnathodes parallela Elliott, 2024, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="257" masterDocId="FFC71507FFE4C614BA62F62AFF9A3842" masterDocTitle="Five new species in the Afrotropical genus Gnathodes Whalley (Lepidoptera: Thyrididae, Siculodinae) with the description of the female of Gnathodes fiscinella Whalley" masterLastPageNumber="268" masterPageNumber="253" pageNumber="255" updateTime="1735929805888" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="DFA78C88A9FE8C681922AD6BB50A23B9">Five new species in the Afrotropical genus Gnathodes Whalley (Lepidoptera: Thyrididae, Siculodinae) with the description of the female of Gnathodes fiscinella Whalley</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="C3E29BEE30AF0BCED1EF362F0A0AF2A2">Elliott, Imogen R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="D59EA0BECEDCA51FBA0FCA1348738457">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="92038E56541450D7E6B87F9E11A891BC">
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<mods:date id="E5BF355FA111498790FF3ECA2331C3EC">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="D4459A83E2704DB52159D181FF5A6AC1">2024-12-18</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="8728CFA0693AE9A52D1BDA135BAC7D6B">https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5555.2.5</mods:url>
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<mods:identifier id="F177CB2555C38315A0C8F76AACE96F31" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5555.2.5</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="C3817A6B30CC244E2EA650E5B9957E2B" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03FE6D7FFFE6C610BAF5F3FDFD7239EF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FE6D7FFFE6C610BAF5F3FDFD7239EF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FE6D7FFFE6C610BAF5F3FDFD7239EF" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="257" pageId="2" pageNumber="255">
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<subSubSection id="C34D8FE2FFE6C616BAF5F3FDFED93E54" pageId="2" pageNumber="255" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BE8DC69FFE6C616BAF5F3FDFE6B3DB0" blockId="2.[151,497,1495,1558]" box="[151,497,1495,1522]" pageId="2" pageNumber="255">
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<heading id="D0A06B05FFE6C616BAF5F3FDFE6B3DB0" bold="true" box="[151,497,1495,1522]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="255" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B923007BFFE6C616BAF5F3FDFE6B3DB0" bold="true" box="[151,497,1495,1522]" pageId="2" pageNumber="255">
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<taxonomicName id="4C57A7EAFFE6C616BAF5F3FDFE173DB0" authorityName="Elliott" authorityYear="2024" box="[151,397,1495,1522]" class="Insecta" family="Thyrididae" genus="Gnathodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="255" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parallela" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B923007BFFE6C616BAF5F3FDFE173DB0" bold="true" box="[151,397,1495,1522]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="255">Gnathodes parallela</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A210BD00FFE6C616BBF6F3F2FE6B3DB0" box="[404,497,1496,1522]" pageId="2" pageNumber="255" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE8DC69FFE6C616BAF5F3D6FED93E54" blockId="2.[151,497,1495,1558]" box="[151,323,1532,1558]" pageId="2" pageNumber="255">(Figs 2, 12, 22)</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C34D8FE2FFE6C616BAF5F06EFC983EE4" pageId="2" pageNumber="255" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BE8DC69FFE6C616BAF5F06EFC983EE4" blockId="2.[151,1437,1604,2027]" pageId="2" pageNumber="255">
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<materialsCitation id="3B3FD634FFE6C616BAF5F06EFC983EE4" collectingDate="2018-10-02" collectingDateMax="2018-10-21" collectingDateMin="2018-10-02" collectionCode="ANHRT" collectorName="G. Leg. & I. Elliott" country="Cameroon" elevation="900" latitude="7.67125" location="La Falaise" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="13.555111" municipality="Wack" pageId="2" pageNumber="255" specimenCode="IE 83" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="North" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="54EC62CBFFE6C616BAF5F06EFE983E1C" box="[151,258,1604,1630]" pageId="2" pageNumber="255" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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,
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<specimenCount id="9D5117E0FFE6C616BB6FF06FFEBE3E1D" box="[269,292,1605,1631]" count="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="255" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
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, “
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<collectingCountry id="F3409CF9FFE6C616BB5AF06EFE413E1C" box="[312,475,1604,1630]" name="Cameroon" pageId="2" pageNumber="255">CAMEROON</collectingCountry>
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<quantity id="4CAF718CFFE6C616BB80F06EFDB83E1C" box="[482,546,1604,1630]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="255" unit="m" value="900.0">
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<elevation id="007A3B5AFFE6C616BB80F06EFDB83E1C" box="[482,546,1604,1630]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="255" unit="m" value="900.0">900m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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/
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<collectingRegion id="4993128BFFE6C616B854F06EFD4B3E1C" box="[566,721,1604,1630]" country="Cameroon" name="North" pageId="2" pageNumber="255">North Region</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality id="6B8C4613FFE6C616B8B9F06EFC803E1C" box="[731,794,1604,1630]" pageId="2" pageNumber="255">Wack</collectingMunicipality>
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(
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<location id="8E888AB2FFE6C616B94AF06EFC043E1C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FE6D7FFFE6C610BAF5F3FDFD7239EF:8E888AB2FFE6C616B94AF06EFC043E1C" box="[808,926,1604,1630]" country="Cameroon" latitude="7.67125" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="13.555111" municipality="Wack" name="La Falaise" pageId="2" pageNumber="255" stateProvince="North">La Falaise</location>
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) /
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<geoCoordinate id="EE63BAAEFFE6C616B9D8F06EFBC13E1D" box="[954,1115,1604,1631]" degrees="07" direction="north" minutes="40" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="255" precision="1" seconds="16.5" value="7.67125">07°40’16.5”N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE63BAAEFFE6C616BE04F06EFA9A3E1C" box="[1126,1280,1604,1630]" degrees="13" direction="east" minutes="33" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="255" precision="1" seconds="18.4" value="13.555111">13°33’18.4”E</geoCoordinate>
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/
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<date id="FFE9FAA9FFE6C616BF77F06EFA063E1C" box="[1301,1436,1604,1630]" pageId="2" pageNumber="255" value="2018-10-02" valueMax="2018-10-21" valueMin="2018-10-02">
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<collectingDate id="EFAD0341FFE6C616BF77F06EFA063E1C" box="[1301,1436,1604,1630]" pageId="2" pageNumber="255" value="2018-10-02" valueMax="2018-10-21" valueMin="2018-10-02">2-21.x.2018</collectingDate>
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</date>
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Cold Cathode UV /
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<collectingMethod id="5216A47EFFE6C616BB1AF042FE693EC1" box="[376,499,1640,1667]" pageId="2" pageNumber="255">Light Trap</collectingMethod>
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. / Safian, Sz., Simonics,
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<collectorName id="26A2B9BFFFE6C616B968F042FCFA3EC1" box="[778,864,1640,1667]" pageId="2" pageNumber="255">G. Leg.</collectorName>
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/
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<collectionCode id="ED4644ACFFE6C616B916F042FC4D3EC0" box="[884,983,1640,1666]" pageId="2" pageNumber="255">ANHRT</collectionCode>
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:2018.36” // “ANHRTUK / 00234893” // “Gen. slide. No. /
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<specimenCode id="DBF17412FFE6C616BB00F0A7FE3A3EE4" box="[354,416,1676,1703]" collectionCode="IE" country="Mexico" name="Cepario de Hongos del Instituto de Ecologia" pageId="2" pageNumber="255">IE 83</specimenCode>
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/ prep. by
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<collectorName id="26A2B9BFFFE6C616B87AF0A7FDE23EE4" box="[536,632,1676,1703]" pageId="2" pageNumber="255">I. Elliott</collectorName>
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” (
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<collectionCode id="ED4644ACFFE6C616B8F3F0A6FD6D3EE4" box="[657,759,1676,1702]" pageId="2" pageNumber="255">ANHRT</collectionCode>
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).
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C34D8FE2FFE6C617BAA5F09AFB3F3897" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="256" pageId="2" pageNumber="255" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BE8DC69FFE6C616BAA5F09AFD683F51" blockId="2.[151,1437,1604,2027]" pageId="2" pageNumber="255">
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<emphasis id="B923007BFFE6C616BAA5F09AFED83E88" bold="true" box="[199,322,1712,1738]" pageId="2" pageNumber="255">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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The two species presently included in the
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<taxonomicName id="4C57A7EAFFE6C616B956F09AFC283E88" authorityName="Whalley" authorityYear="1971" box="[820,946,1712,1738]" class="Insecta" family="Thyrididae" genus="Gnathodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="255" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="helvella">
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<emphasis id="B923007BFFE6C616B956F09AFC283E88" box="[820,946,1712,1738]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="255">G. helvella</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species group,
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<taxonomicName id="4C57A7EAFFE6C616BE0AF09AFB7F3E88" authorityName="Whalley" authorityYear="1971" box="[1128,1253,1712,1738]" class="Insecta" family="Thyrididae" genus="Gnathodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="255" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="helvella">
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<emphasis id="B923007BFFE6C616BE0AF09AFB7F3E88" box="[1128,1253,1712,1738]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="255">G. helvella</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Fig. 1) and
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<taxonomicName id="4C57A7EAFFE6C616BFE3F09AFF643EAC" authorityName="Elliott" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Thyrididae" genus="Gnathodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="255" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parallela" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B923007BFFE6C616BFE3F09AFF643EAC" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="255">G. parallela</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="B923007BFFE6C616BB66F0FEFEC43EAC" bold="true" box="[260,350,1748,1774]" pageId="2" pageNumber="255">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A210BD00FFE6C616BB66F0FEFEC43EAC" box="[260,350,1748,1774]" pageId="2" pageNumber="255" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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(Fig. 2), are externally very different and can be distinguished by the ground colour of the wings, the former being yellowish brown and the latter, grey.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE8DC69FFE6C617BAA5F136FB3F3897" blockId="2.[151,1437,1604,2027]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1437,151,753]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="256" pageId="2" pageNumber="255">
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The male genitalia of both species are similar but with the following differences. Compared with that of
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<taxonomicName id="4C57A7EAFFE6C616BFE3F136FF643F18" authorityName="Elliott" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Thyrididae" genus="Gnathodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="255" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parallela" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B923007BFFE6C616BFE3F136FF643F18" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="255">G. parallela</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="B923007BFFE6C616BB67F16AFEC43F18" bold="true" box="[261,350,1856,1882]" pageId="2" pageNumber="255">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A210BD00FFE6C616BB67F16AFEC43F18" box="[261,350,1856,1882]" pageId="2" pageNumber="255" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation id="136CC0ECFFE6C616BB0CF16AFE5A3F18" box="[366,448,1856,1882]" captionStart="FIGURES 11–14" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1191,1215]" captionTargetBox="[171,1417,194,1154]" captionTargetId="figure-15@9.[158,1430,181,1167]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 11–14. Male genitalia, a: clasping apparatus, b: aedeagus. 11. Gnathodes helvella, holotype male, BM Pyralidae slide No. 9599 (NHMUK). 12. G. parallela sp. nov. holotype male, Cameroon, gen. slide No. IE 83 (ANHRT). 13. G. fiscinella (male), Zambia, gen. slide No. IE 90 (ANHRT). 14. G. pallida sp. nov., holotype male, Liberia, gen. slide No. IE 86 (ANHRT)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14594622" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14594622/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="255">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
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), the uncus of
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<taxonomicName id="4C57A7EAFFE6C616B807F16AFD7A3F18" authorityName="Whalley" authorityYear="1971" box="[613,736,1856,1882]" class="Insecta" family="Thyrididae" genus="Gnathodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="255" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="helvella">
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<emphasis id="B923007BFFE6C616B807F16AFD7A3F18" box="[613,736,1856,1882]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="255">G. helvella</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<figureCitation id="136CC0ECFFE6C616B88DF16AFCA43F18" box="[751,830,1856,1882]" captionStart="FIGURES 11–14" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1191,1215]" captionTargetBox="[171,1417,194,1154]" captionTargetId="figure-15@9.[158,1430,181,1167]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 11–14. Male genitalia, a: clasping apparatus, b: aedeagus. 11. Gnathodes helvella, holotype male, BM Pyralidae slide No. 9599 (NHMUK). 12. G. parallela sp. nov. holotype male, Cameroon, gen. slide No. IE 83 (ANHRT). 13. G. fiscinella (male), Zambia, gen. slide No. IE 90 (ANHRT). 14. G. pallida sp. nov., holotype male, Liberia, gen. slide No. IE 86 (ANHRT)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14594622" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14594622/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="255">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
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) is more dilated medially (almost twice as wide at the widest point) and the valva is ca. 10% shorter. The proportions of the projections of the basal valval lobe differ, and in
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<taxonomicName id="4C57A7EAFFE6C616BA8BF1A2FEEE3FE0" authorityName="Elliott" authorityYear="2024" box="[233,372,1928,1954]" class="Insecta" family="Thyrididae" genus="Gnathodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="255" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parallela" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B923007BFFE6C616BA8BF1A2FEEE3FE0" box="[233,372,1928,1954]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="255">G. parallela</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="B923007BFFE6C616BB1CF1A2FE403FE0" bold="true" box="[382,474,1928,1954]" pageId="2" pageNumber="255">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A210BD00FFE6C616BB1CF1A2FE403FE0" box="[382,474,1928,1954]" pageId="2" pageNumber="255" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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the anterior projection is thicker and fused with the medial projection for a greater proportion of their shared length and an additional rounded basal lobe is present. In
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<taxonomicName id="4C57A7EAFFE6C616BE2AF186FB593F84" authorityName="Whalley" authorityYear="1971" box="[1096,1219,1964,1990]" class="Insecta" family="Thyrididae" genus="Gnathodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="255" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="helvella">
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<emphasis id="B923007BFFE6C616BE2AF186FB593F84" box="[1096,1219,1964,1990]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="255">G. helvella</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, the postero-lateral arms of the gnathos (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136CC0ECFFE6C616BBE7F1FAFE413FA8" box="[389,475,2000,2026]" captionStart="FIGURES 11–14" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1191,1215]" captionTargetBox="[171,1417,194,1154]" captionTargetId="figure-15@9.[158,1430,181,1167]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 11–14. Male genitalia, a: clasping apparatus, b: aedeagus. 11. Gnathodes helvella, holotype male, BM Pyralidae slide No. 9599 (NHMUK). 12. G. parallela sp. nov. holotype male, Cameroon, gen. slide No. IE 83 (ANHRT). 13. G. fiscinella (male), Zambia, gen. slide No. IE 90 (ANHRT). 14. G. pallida sp. nov., holotype male, Liberia, gen. slide No. IE 86 (ANHRT)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14594622" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14594622/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="255">Figs 11</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="136CC0ECFFE6C616BB85F1FAFD9E3FA8" box="[487,516,2000,2026]" captionStart="FIGURES 21–22" captionStartId="12.[151,264,734,758]" captionTargetBox="[204,1384,214,697]" captionTargetId="figure-21@12.[191,1397,201,710]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 21–22. Gnathodes helvella species group, details of the gnathos and basal costal process. 21. G. helvella, holotype male, BM Pyralidae slide No. 9599 (NHMUK). 22. G. parallela sp. nov., holotype male, Cameroon, gen. slide No. IE 83 (ANHRT)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14594629" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14594629/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="255">21</figureCitation>
|
||
) are shorter (narrower apically and broader basally) and differ in the shape of the flattened basal plate, which is narrower and with defined lateral projections in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C57A7EAFFE7C617BE72F6BDFB0038F3" authorityName="Elliott" authorityYear="2024" box="[1040,1178,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Thyrididae" genus="Gnathodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="256" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parallela" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923007BFFE7C617BE72F6BDFB0038F3" box="[1040,1178,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="256">G. parallela</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B923007BFFE7C617BEC0F6BDFB6638F3" bold="true" box="[1186,1276,151,177]" pageId="3" pageNumber="256">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A210BD00FFE7C617BEC0F6BDFB6638F3" box="[1186,1276,151,177]" pageId="3" pageNumber="256" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="136CC0ECFFE7C617BF6EF6BDFAF938F3" box="[1292,1379,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURES 11–14" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1191,1215]" captionTargetBox="[171,1417,194,1154]" captionTargetId="figure-15@9.[158,1430,181,1167]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 11–14. Male genitalia, a: clasping apparatus, b: aedeagus. 11. Gnathodes helvella, holotype male, BM Pyralidae slide No. 9599 (NHMUK). 12. G. parallela sp. nov. holotype male, Cameroon, gen. slide No. IE 83 (ANHRT). 13. G. fiscinella (male), Zambia, gen. slide No. IE 90 (ANHRT). 14. G. pallida sp. nov., holotype male, Liberia, gen. slide No. IE 86 (ANHRT)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14594622" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14594622/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="256">Figs 12</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="136CC0ECFFE7C617BF12F6BDFA1538F3" box="[1392,1423,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURES 21–22" captionStartId="12.[151,264,734,758]" captionTargetBox="[204,1384,214,697]" captionTargetId="figure-21@12.[191,1397,201,710]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 21–22. Gnathodes helvella species group, details of the gnathos and basal costal process. 21. G. helvella, holotype male, BM Pyralidae slide No. 9599 (NHMUK). 22. G. parallela sp. nov., holotype male, Cameroon, gen. slide No. IE 83 (ANHRT)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14594629" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14594629/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="256">22</figureCitation>
|
||
), whilst it is larger and somewhat trapezoidal without lateral projections in the former species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34D8FE2FFE7C610BAA5F6F4FE383927" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="257" pageId="3" pageNumber="256" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE8DC69FFE7C617BAA5F6F4FC493AB3" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,753]" pageId="3" pageNumber="256">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923007BFFE7C617BAA5F6F4FE0538BB" bold="true" box="[199,415,222,249]" pageId="3" pageNumber="256">Description. Male</emphasis>
|
||
(Fig. 2). Forewing length 8.0 mm. Head; vertex and frons pale greyish brown. Antenna yellowish brown, minutely ciliate. Labial palp pale greyish brown, strongly upcurved; first segment very short, same length as third, second segment three times length of third. Thorax greyish brown with dark brown patagium; tegula brown fading to pale yellow; mesothorax greyish brown. Foreleg dark brown, without spurs; midleg paler grey-brown, with one pair of spurs distally, outer spur two-thirds length of inner; hindlegs missing from
|
||
<typeStatus id="54EC62CBFFE7C617BF51F745FA0339CB" box="[1331,1433,367,393]" pageId="3" pageNumber="256" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
. Forewing upperside pale grey, paler basally, scattered with dark brown reticulation; costa flecked with small dark brown spots; medial area with an indistinct brown discal spot; termen pinkish, fringe pale grey to dark brown. Hindwing upperside with pinkish veins, pale grey basally, dotted with red scales medially. Forewing underside light grey with dark brown reticulation; costal margin very pale yellowish grey, flecked with dark brown spots; distal third of costa with vibrant orange-brown longitudinal streak subapically; veins Rs3 and Rs4 black, outlined with white; short and narrow brown streak perpendicular to Rs3 running to termen. Antemedial area with short black longitudinal line flecked with white, dorsad a reddish brown streak. Medial area with a distinct reddish brown, round discal spot. Tornus with a thick, quadrangular, dark brown patch. Hindwing underside as upperside, somewhat paler without pinkish hue. Abdomen; first and second abdominal segments pale greyish brown, subsequent abdominal segments dark greyish brown; genital capsule covered with yellow scales.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF288CE1FFE7C617BAF5F0E8FB033EBC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14594612" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14594612" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14594612/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="256" startId="3.[151,264,1730,1754]" targetBox="[156,1428,782,1680]" targetPageId="3" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE8DC69FFE7C617BAF5F0E8FB033EBC" blockId="3.[151,1437,1730,1791]" pageId="3" pageNumber="256">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923007BFFE7C617BAF5F0E8FCA03E98" bold="true" box="[151,826,1730,1754]" pageId="3" pageNumber="256">FIGURES 1–2, adults (left: dorsal view, right: ventral view). 1.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C57A7EAFFE7C617B922F0E8FB9E3E98" authorityName="Whalley" authorityYear="1971" box="[832,1028,1730,1754]" class="Insecta" family="Thyrididae" genus="Gnathodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="256" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="helvella">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923007BFFE7C617B922F0E8FB9E3E98" box="[832,1028,1730,1754]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="256">Gnathodes helvella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, holotype male, BM
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C57A7EAFFE7C617BEB9F0E8FAA13E98" box="[1243,1339,1730,1754]" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="256" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Pyralidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
slide No. 9599 (NHMUK).
|
||
<emphasis id="B923007BFFE7C617BB2FF0CCFEFA3EBC" bold="true" box="[333,352,1766,1790]" pageId="3" pageNumber="256">2.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C57A7EAFFE7C617BB05F0CDFE793EBC" authorityName="Elliott" authorityYear="2024" box="[359,483,1766,1790]" class="Insecta" family="Thyrididae" genus="Gnathodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="256" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parallela" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923007BFFE7C617BB05F0CDFE793EBC" box="[359,483,1766,1790]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="256">G. parallela</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B923007BFFE7C617BB8BF0CCFDA33EBC" bold="true" box="[489,569,1766,1790]" pageId="3" pageNumber="256">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A210BD00FFE7C617BB8BF0CCFDA33EBC" box="[489,569,1766,1790]" pageId="3" pageNumber="256" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, holotype male, Cameroon, gen. slide No. IE 83 (ANHRT).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE8DC69FFE7C610BAA5F17BFD0F3903" blockId="3.[151,1437,1872,2043]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1437,151,429]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="257" pageId="3" pageNumber="256">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923007BFFE7C617BAA5F17BFEE33F28" bold="true" box="[199,377,1872,1899]" pageId="3" pageNumber="256">Male Genitalia</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="136CC0ECFFE7C617BBEBF17AFE7A3F29" box="[393,480,1872,1899]" captionStart="FIGURES 11–14" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1191,1215]" captionTargetBox="[171,1417,194,1154]" captionTargetId="figure-15@9.[158,1430,181,1167]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 11–14. Male genitalia, a: clasping apparatus, b: aedeagus. 11. Gnathodes helvella, holotype male, BM Pyralidae slide No. 9599 (NHMUK). 12. G. parallela sp. nov. holotype male, Cameroon, gen. slide No. IE 83 (ANHRT). 13. G. fiscinella (male), Zambia, gen. slide No. IE 90 (ANHRT). 14. G. pallida sp. nov., holotype male, Liberia, gen. slide No. IE 86 (ANHRT)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14594622" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14594622/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="256">Figs 12</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="136CC0ECFFE7C617BB8FF17BFD973F29" box="[493,525,1873,1899]" captionStart="FIGURES 21–22" captionStartId="12.[151,264,734,758]" captionTargetBox="[204,1384,214,697]" captionTargetId="figure-21@12.[191,1397,201,710]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 21–22. Gnathodes helvella species group, details of the gnathos and basal costal process. 21. G. helvella, holotype male, BM Pyralidae slide No. 9599 (NHMUK). 22. G. parallela sp. nov., holotype male, Cameroon, gen. slide No. IE 83 (ANHRT)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14594629" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14594629/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="256">22</figureCitation>
|
||
). Uncus elongate, gradually tapered distad with sclerotized ventral margin; distal half densely setose, apex pointed. Tegumen as tall as width of the valva with broad lateral plates. Gnathos highly modified with two long posterolateral arms arising from a flattened basal plate; arms narrow basally, strongly dilated medially, extending posteriorly into spiniform process, nearly as long as uncus. Juxta weakly sclerotized with two lateral lobules. Saccus narrow sclerotised loop, ventrally rounded. Valva broad at base, tapered medially; distal half with parallel margins, apical section somewhat dilated and evenly rounded with a subapical crest; costa very narrow. Sacculus moderately broad basally, tapered submedially, posteriorly produced into a short, spiniform process. Valva base bearing a highly modified lobe with three pointed lateral processes and a short rounded basal lobe anteriorly. Aedeagus tubular, slightly curved submedially, without coecum penis and carinal sclerotization. Vesica with fine scobination, without cornuti.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE8DC69FFE0C610BAA5F761FE383927" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,429]" box="[199,418,331,357]" pageId="4" pageNumber="257">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923007BFFE0C610BAA5F761FE843927" bold="true" box="[199,286,331,357]" pageId="4" pageNumber="257">Female</emphasis>
|
||
. Unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34D8FE2FFE0C610BAA5F745FD7239EF" pageId="4" pageNumber="257" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE8DC69FFE0C610BAA5F745FD7239EF" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,429]" pageId="4" pageNumber="257">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923007BFFE0C610BAA5F745FED439CB" bold="true" box="[199,334,367,393]" pageId="4" pageNumber="257">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The Latin word
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C57A7EAFFE0C610B876F745FDE139CB" authorityName="Elliott" authorityYear="2024" box="[532,635,367,393]" class="Insecta" family="Thyrididae" genus="Gnathodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="257" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parallela">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923007BFFE0C610B876F745FDE139CB" box="[532,635,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="257">parallela</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
refers to the shape of the gnathos, bearing two long parallel posterolateral arms. An adjective in the nominative singular.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |