259 lines
37 KiB
XML
259 lines
37 KiB
XML
<document id="B370C7AA88D14EEBA1B1DC9C128B227D" ID="10.11646/zootaxa.4121.1.1" ID-CLB-Dataset="38929" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4121.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="214dc5a7-b23a-4140-b251-3a564b18bb9e" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="265513" ID-ZooBank="2C978846-61DD-48BD-87BE-0BC22D0CABF2" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1465281072039" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Kelly, Michelle, Sim-Smith, Carina, Stone, Robert, Reiswig, Toufiek Samaai Henry & Austin, William" docDate="2016" docId="03F40C7EFF862900CCDBFD2EFD41FF09" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4121.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4121 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Latrunculia (Biannulata) triloba Schmidt 1875" docType="treatment" docVersion="12" lastPageNumber="36" masterDocId="FFCD7406FFA52924CC4CFF9CFFB0FFDD" masterDocTitle="New taxa and arrangements within the family Latrunculiidae (Demospongiae, Poecilosclerida)" masterLastPageNumber="48" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="36" updateTime="1698662720313" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="363E541C8DC7BEDF406E64DCCF71826F">
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<mods:title id="544B2D22D9F518B953D3FF66227FECE6">New taxa and arrangements within the family Latrunculiidae (Demospongiae, Poecilosclerida)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="0A6385328239015B0295B89F8E31DD97">Kelly, Michelle</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="9A876931E5A45E73EA86FA3FC98768A8">Sim-Smith, Carina</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="1CF43C6621A2CFFD53AB93F853311B16">Stone, Robert</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="9B66FAC2D3A4BE588440FBB0898C14D3">Reiswig, Toufiek Samaai Henry</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="5A80B70459906A3FF6BF4BBF38B6E5DA">Austin, William</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="2039D1D8D743DDB35CEE8A313DAA5C3E">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="6041081C987603493A61CAF8422BC578">2016</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="C9854266B8CC8B0B796F04BBDB2B579E" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="F74469FD81063DF0EFE6B90ABE5CC33E">4121</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="C07AAC3F967F594D622DF37A20EB4CD5" type="CLB-Dataset">38929</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="5B4B734A1DE3748E2076BC5F9B309355" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4121.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="58F5E8F8145636D3A14B894590594FF4" type="GBIF-Dataset">214dc5a7-b23a-4140-b251-3a564b18bb9e</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="04E07D15A2CB17F680DBD7C8F2D72905" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="AB316C50DD5E11554C3A2B596B479BBE" type="Zenodo-Dep">265513</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="0A17E7732FFF4D14DB3E1106CEF66A65" type="ZooBank">2C978846-61DD-48BD-87BE-0BC22D0CABF2</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03F40C7EFF862900CCDBFD2EFD41FF09" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5058037" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127628519" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5058037" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F40C7EFF862900CCDBFD2EFD41FF09" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F40C7EFF862900CCDBFD2EFD41FF09" lastPageId="36" lastPageNumber="36" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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<subSubSection id="C347EEE3FF862907CCDBFD2EFE18FD33" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BE2BD68FF862907CCDBFD2EFD5EFD11" blockId="35.[151,750,690,750]" box="[151,750,690,716]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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<heading id="D0AA0A04FF862907CCDBFD2EFD5EFD11" bold="true" box="[151,750,690,716]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C5DC6EBFF862907CCDBFD2EFD5EFD11" ID-CoL="3SLY5" authority="Schmidt, 1875" authorityName="Schmidt" authorityYear="1875" box="[151,750,690,716]" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Latrunculia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="triloba" subGenus="Biannulata">
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<emphasis id="B929617AFF862907CCDBFD2EFD5EFD11" bold="true" box="[151,750,690,716]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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<emphasis id="B929617AFF862907CCDBFD2EFE98FD11" bold="true" box="[151,296,690,716]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Latrunculia</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="B929617AFF862907CD75FD2EFE71FD11" bold="true" box="[313,449,690,716]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Biannulata</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="B929617AFF862907CD9EFD2EFD92FD11" bold="true" box="[466,546,690,716]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">triloba</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCCC099FF862907CE7DFD2EFD56FD11" author="Schmidt" box="[561,742,690,716]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" refString="Schmidt, O. (1875) Spongien. In: Die Expedition zur physikalisch-chemischen und biologischen Untersuchung der Nordsee im Sommer 1872. Jahresbericht der Commission zur Wissenschaftlichen Untersuchung der Deutschen Meere in Kiel, Volume 2 - 3, pp. 115 - 120, pl. I." type="book chapter" year="1875">Schmidt, 1875</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE2BD68FF862907CCDBFD49FE18FD33" blockId="35.[151,750,690,750]" box="[151,424,725,750]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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(
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<figureCitation id="1366A1EDFF862907CCD3FD49FF42FD33" box="[159,242,725,750]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="36.[151,250,1497,1519]" captionTargetBox="[168,1417,282,1456]" captionTargetId="figure@36.[151,1436,267,1476]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURE 14. Morphology, megascleres and microscleres of Latrunculia (Biannulata) triloba (Schmidt, 1875), ZMB Por 2667 (2 lots): A. Portion of holotype in Lot 1 from which spicules were examined (circled), gridlines = 1 mm; B. A second, larger portion of the holotype, showing general surface features and tapering fistules, gridlines = 1 mm; C. Original label included in Lot 1; D. A third section of the holotype showing collapsed, tapering fistules, gridlines = 1 mm; E. Original label included in Lot 2, the asterisk identifies that this is as a type specimen; F. Illustrations of holotype anisodiscorhabds (from Schmidt 1875, Plate 1, Fig. 17, 18); G. slightly sinuous, centrally thickened anisostyle with a smooth head, scale = 100 µm; H, I. Anisodiscorhabd, scale = 50 µm; J. protorhabd, scale = 50 µm; K, L. immature anisodiscorhabd, scale = 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/265526/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="1366A1EDFF862907CCB1FD49FEA8FD33" box="[253,280,725,750]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="39.[151,250,1474,1496]" captionTargetBox="[356,1222,183,1456]" captionTargetId="figure@39.[356,1222,183,1457]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="FIGURE 16. Comparison of diagnostic anisodiscorhabds in living species of Latrunculia (Latrunculia) du Bocage, 1869, Latrunculia (Biannulata) Samaai, Gibbons & Kelly, 2006, and Latrunculia (Uniannulata) subgen. nov., not to scale: A. L. (L.) triverticillata Alvarez, Bergquist & Battershill, 2002; B. L. (L.) fiordensis Alvarez, Bergquist & Battershill, 2002; C. L. (L.) oxydiscorhabda Alvarez, Bergquist & Battershill, 2002; D. L. (L.) cratera du Bocage, 1869; E. L. (L.) bocagei Ridley & Dendy, 1886; F. L. (L.) basilis Kirkpatrick, 1908; G. L. (L.) brevis Ridley & Dendy, 1886; H. L. (L.) palmata Lévi, 1964; I. L. (L.) ikematsui Tanita, 1968; J. L. (L.) novaecaledoniae Samaai et al., 2006; K. L. (L.) austini Samaai et al., 2006; L. L. (L.) hamanni sp. nov.; M. L. (L.) ciruela Hajdu et al., 2013; N. L. (L.) copihuensis Hajdu et al., 2013; O. L. (L.) verenae Hajdu et al., 2013; P. L. (L.) yepayek Hajdu et al., 2013; Q. L. (B.) kaakaariki Alvarez, Bergquist & Battershill, 2002; R. L. (B.) duckworthi Alvarez, Bergquist & Battershill, 2002; S. L. (B.) procumbens Alvarez, Bergquist & Battershill, 2002; T. L. (B.) wellingtonensis Alvarez, Bergquist & Battershill, 2002; U. L. (B.) kaikoura Alvarez, Bergquist & Battershill, 2002; V. L. (B.) millerae Alvarez, Bergquist & Battershill, 2002; W. L. (B.) spinispiraefera Brøndsted, 1924; X. L. (B.) purpurea Carter, 1881; Y. L. (B.) lunaviridis Samaai, Gibbons, Kelly & Davies-Coleman, 2003; Z. L. (B.) microacanthoxea Samaai, Gibbons, Kelly & Davies-Coleman, 2003; AA. L. (B.) gotzi Samaai, Janson & Kelly, 2012; AB. L. (B.) kerwathi Samaai Janson & Kelly, 2012; AC. L. (B.) algoaensis Samaai Janson & Kelly, 2012; AD. L. (B.) janeirensis Cordonis, Moraes & Muricy, 2012; AE. L. (B.) lincfreesi sp. nov.; AF. L. (B) triloba (Schmidt, 1875); AG. L. (U.) oparinae Samaai & Krasokhin, 2002; AH. L. (U.) velera Lehnert et al., 2006. Fig. 16 A – J, Q – AC reproduced with permission from Zootaxa (Magnolia Press) from Fig. 6 in Samaai et al. (2012), Fig. 16 M – P reproduced with permission from Zootaxa from Fig. 9 in Hajdu et al. (2013), Fig. 16 AD reproduced with permission from Dr Guliherm Muricy, and Fig. 16 AH reproduced with permission from Zootaxa." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/265528/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">16</figureCitation>
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AF;
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<tableCitation id="C6DF88D3FF862907CD00FD49FE10FD33" box="[332,416,725,750]" captionStart="TABLE 9" captionStartId="42.[119,196,739,758]" captionTargetBox="[119,1832,776,1445]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="TABLE 9. (Continueđ)" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF22EDE0FF8F290ECC3BFD7FFEFDFD2A" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" tableUuid="DF22EDE0FF8F290ECC3BFD7FFEFDFD2A">Table 9</tableCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C347EEE3FF862907CCDBFC81FD60FCEE" box="[151,720,797,819]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BE2BD68FF862907CCDBFC81FD60FCEE" blockId="35.[151,720,797,819]" box="[151,720,797,819]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB4D9A46FF862907CCDBFC81FD60FCEE" box="[151,720,797,819]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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<taxonomicName id="4C5DC6EBFF862907CCDBFC81FDA6FCEE" ID-CoL="4V5V6" authority="Schmidt, 1875: 119" authorityName="Schmidt" authorityPageNumber="119" authorityYear="1875" box="[151,534,797,819]" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Sceptrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="triloba">
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<emphasis id="B929617AFF862907CCDBFC81FEF8FCEE" box="[151,328,797,819]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Sceptrella triloba</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0AFC9B79FF862907CD02FC81FDA6FCEE" author="Schmidt" box="[334,534,797,819]" page="119" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" year="1875">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCCC099FF862907CD02FC81FE55FCEE" author="Schmidt" box="[334,485,797,819]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" refString="Schmidt, O. (1875) Spongien. In: Die Expedition zur physikalisch-chemischen und biologischen Untersuchung der Nordsee im Sommer 1872. Jahresbericht der Commission zur Wissenschaftlichen Untersuchung der Deutschen Meere in Kiel, Volume 2 - 3, pp. 115 - 120, pl. I." type="book chapter" year="1875">Schmidt, 1875</bibRefCitation>
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: 119
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, Pl. 1, Fig. 17, 18.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C347EEE3FF862907CCDBFCC3FE4DFC1D" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BE2BD68FF862907CCDBFCC3FEB0FC41" blockId="35.[151,1437,863,2005]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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<emphasis id="B929617AFF862907CCDBFCC3FE30FCA5" bold="true" box="[151,384,863,888]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Material examined.</emphasis>
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<typeStatus id="54E603CAFF862907CDCAFCC3FE5EFCA5" box="[390,494,863,888]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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<emphasis id="B929617AFF862907CDA2FCC3FDBAFCA5" bold="true" box="[494,522,863,888]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">—</emphasis>
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<collectionCode id="ED4C25ADFF862907CE46FCFCFDF6FCAA" box="[522,582,864,887]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8syf-d21i" name="Museum für Naturkunde Berlin (Zoological Collections)" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">ZMB</collectionCode>
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Por 2667 (2 lots): Bukenfjord on the southwest coast of
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<collectingCountry id="F34AFDF8FF862907C8F0FCFCFAA7FCA5" box="[1212,1303,864,888]" name="Norway" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Norway</collectingCountry>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE69DBAFFF862907C96EFCC3FA28FCAA" box="[1314,1432,863,888]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" precision="55" value="59.333">59.333° N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE69DBAFFF862907CCDBFC18FF4CFC41" box="[151,252,900,925]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" precision="55" value="5.783">5.783° E</geoCoordinate>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE2BD68FF862907CC8BFC3BFE4DFC1D" blockId="35.[151,1437,863,2005]" box="[199,509,935,960]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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<emphasis id="B929617AFF862907CC8BFC3BFEDFFC1D" bold="true" box="[199,367,935,960]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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<typeStatus id="54E603CAFF862907CC8BFC3BFEB2FC1D" box="[199,258,935,960]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Type</typeStatus>
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location.
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</emphasis>
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Bukenfjord.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C347EEE3FF862907CC8BFC50FB15FC38" box="[199,1189,972,997]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="8BE2BD68FF862907CC8BFC50FB15FC38" blockId="35.[151,1437,863,2005]" box="[199,1189,972,997]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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<emphasis id="B929617AFF862907CC8BFC50FED0FC38" bold="true" box="[199,352,972,997]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Distribution.</emphasis>
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North Atlantic Ocean, Northern
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<collectingCountry id="F34AFDF8FF862907CE9EFC51FC9CFC38" box="[722,812,973,997]" name="Norway" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Norway</collectingCountry>
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and Finnmark, southern
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<collectingCountry id="F34AFDF8FF862907C809FC51FB11FC38" box="[1093,1185,973,997]" name="Norway" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Norway</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C347EEE3FF862907CC8BFC73FD41FA48" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BE2BD68FF862907CC8BFC73FC3FFB60" blockId="35.[151,1437,863,2005]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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<emphasis id="B929617AFF862907CC8BFC73FEE9FBD5" bold="true" box="[199,345,1007,1032]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Description.</emphasis>
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The
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<typeStatus id="54E603CAFF862907CDEFFC73FDB5FBD5" box="[419,517,1007,1032]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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is a thickly encrusting sponge (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1366A1EDFF862907CFD6FC73FC42FBD5" box="[922,1010,1007,1032]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="36.[151,250,1497,1519]" captionTargetBox="[168,1417,282,1456]" captionTargetId="figure@36.[151,1436,267,1476]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURE 14. Morphology, megascleres and microscleres of Latrunculia (Biannulata) triloba (Schmidt, 1875), ZMB Por 2667 (2 lots): A. Portion of holotype in Lot 1 from which spicules were examined (circled), gridlines = 1 mm; B. A second, larger portion of the holotype, showing general surface features and tapering fistules, gridlines = 1 mm; C. Original label included in Lot 1; D. A third section of the holotype showing collapsed, tapering fistules, gridlines = 1 mm; E. Original label included in Lot 2, the asterisk identifies that this is as a type specimen; F. Illustrations of holotype anisodiscorhabds (from Schmidt 1875, Plate 1, Fig. 17, 18); G. slightly sinuous, centrally thickened anisostyle with a smooth head, scale = 100 µm; H, I. Anisodiscorhabd, scale = 50 µm; J. protorhabd, scale = 50 µm; K, L. immature anisodiscorhabd, scale = 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/265526/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
|
||
A–B, D) with compressed tapering aquiferous turrets on the surface, some terminating in oscules, some blunt with microscopic pores. The preserved
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E603CAFF862907CCDBFBABFF49FB8D" box="[151,249,1079,1104]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
was originally attached to a
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5DC6EBFF862907CE0DFBABFD69FB8D" box="[577,729,1079,1104]" class="Rhynchonellata" family="Cancellothyrididae" genus="Terebratulina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebratulida" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Brachiopoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929617AFF862907CE0DFBABFD69FB8D" box="[577,729,1079,1104]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Terebratulina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
brachiopod shell, now composed of six fragments in two lots, probably originally about
|
||
<quantity id="4CA5108DFF862907CD8AFBC0FDA9FBA9" box="[454,537,1116,1140]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.8" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" unit="mm" value="48.0">48 mm</quantity>
|
||
long and wide, about
|
||
<quantity id="4CA5108DFF862907CF6AFBC0FC36FBA9" box="[806,902,1116,1141]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" unit="mm" value="6.0" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="5.0">5–7 mm</quantity>
|
||
thick, aquiferous turrets about
|
||
<quantity id="4CA5108DFF862907C8B4FBC0FAE9FBA9" box="[1272,1369,1116,1140]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" unit="mm" value="3.0" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="2.0">2–4 mm</quantity>
|
||
long. Location of the areolate pore fields, if present, cannot be determined because of condition of specimens. Texture in life soft, compressible. Colour of preserved
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E603CAFF862907CEC8FB38FD56FB60" box="[644,742,1188,1213]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
golden brown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE2BD68FF862907CC8BFB5BFD20FAD8" blockId="35.[151,1437,863,2005]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929617AFF862907CC8BFB5BFE80FB3D" bold="true" box="[199,304,1223,1248]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Spicules.</emphasis>
|
||
Megascleres (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1366A1EDFF862907CD94FB5BFD9DFB3D" box="[472,557,1223,1248]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="36.[151,250,1497,1519]" captionTargetBox="[168,1417,282,1456]" captionTargetId="figure@36.[151,1436,267,1476]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURE 14. Morphology, megascleres and microscleres of Latrunculia (Biannulata) triloba (Schmidt, 1875), ZMB Por 2667 (2 lots): A. Portion of holotype in Lot 1 from which spicules were examined (circled), gridlines = 1 mm; B. A second, larger portion of the holotype, showing general surface features and tapering fistules, gridlines = 1 mm; C. Original label included in Lot 1; D. A third section of the holotype showing collapsed, tapering fistules, gridlines = 1 mm; E. Original label included in Lot 2, the asterisk identifies that this is as a type specimen; F. Illustrations of holotype anisodiscorhabds (from Schmidt 1875, Plate 1, Fig. 17, 18); G. slightly sinuous, centrally thickened anisostyle with a smooth head, scale = 100 µm; H, I. Anisodiscorhabd, scale = 50 µm; J. protorhabd, scale = 50 µm; K, L. immature anisodiscorhabd, scale = 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/265526/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
|
||
G), anisostyles, slightly centrally thickened, occasionally polytylote, smooth proximally, 370 (350–385) × 11 (10–13) µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE2BD68FF862907CC8BFA93FD41FA48" blockId="35.[151,1437,863,2005]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
Microscleres (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1366A1EDFF862907CD23FA93FE77FAF5" box="[367,455,1295,1320]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="36.[151,250,1497,1519]" captionTargetBox="[168,1417,282,1456]" captionTargetId="figure@36.[151,1436,267,1476]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURE 14. Morphology, megascleres and microscleres of Latrunculia (Biannulata) triloba (Schmidt, 1875), ZMB Por 2667 (2 lots): A. Portion of holotype in Lot 1 from which spicules were examined (circled), gridlines = 1 mm; B. A second, larger portion of the holotype, showing general surface features and tapering fistules, gridlines = 1 mm; C. Original label included in Lot 1; D. A third section of the holotype showing collapsed, tapering fistules, gridlines = 1 mm; E. Original label included in Lot 2, the asterisk identifies that this is as a type specimen; F. Illustrations of holotype anisodiscorhabds (from Schmidt 1875, Plate 1, Fig. 17, 18); G. slightly sinuous, centrally thickened anisostyle with a smooth head, scale = 100 µm; H, I. Anisodiscorhabd, scale = 50 µm; J. protorhabd, scale = 50 µm; K, L. immature anisodiscorhabd, scale = 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/265526/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
|
||
F, H–L), anisodiscorhabds with four distinct whorls, the first is the basal whorl (manubrium indistinguishable or absent), above which is the median, subsidiary and apical whorls, apex absent. Occasionally subsidiary and apical whorls form a barely differentiated tuft of spines, those at the apex are often elongated and irregular, 48 (45–53) × 32 (28–35) µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C347EEE3FF862900CC8BFA03FD41FF09" lastPageId="36" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE2BD68FF862907CC8BFA03FEA0F905" blockId="35.[151,1437,863,2005]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929617AFF862907CC8BFA03FE8BFA65" bold="true" box="[199,315,1439,1464]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
In searching for the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E603CAFF862907CE7FFA03FD25FA65" box="[563,661,1439,1464]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5DC6EBFF862907CE8CFA03FC1DFA65" box="[704,941,1439,1464]" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Latrunculia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="tricincta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929617AFF862907CE8CFA03FC1DFA65" box="[704,941,1439,1464]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Latrunculia tricincta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
at the Museum für Naturkunde Berlin, Dr Carsten Lüter also found the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E603CAFF862907CDA8FA58FDF6FA00" box="[484,582,1476,1501]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5DC6EBFF862907CE22FA58FBB9FA00" authority="Schmidt, 1875" authorityName="Schmidt" authorityYear="1875" box="[622,1033,1476,1501]" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Latrunculia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="triloba">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929617AFF862907CE22FA58FCF7FA00" box="[622,839,1476,1501]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Latrunculia triloba</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCCC099FF862907CF1BFA58FBB0FA00" author="Schmidt" box="[855,1024,1476,1501]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" refString="Schmidt, O. (1875) Spongien. In: Die Expedition zur physikalisch-chemischen und biologischen Untersuchung der Nordsee im Sommer 1872. Jahresbericht der Commission zur Wissenschaftlichen Untersuchung der Deutschen Meere in Kiel, Volume 2 - 3, pp. 115 - 120, pl. I." type="book chapter" year="1875">Schmidt, 1875</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, from Bukenfjord on the southwest coast of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34AFDF8FF862907CCB6FA74FEE6F9DD" box="[250,342,1512,1536]" name="Norway" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Norway</collectingCountry>
|
||
. The
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E603CAFF862907CDDAFA7BFE48F9DD" box="[406,504,1511,1536]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5DC6EBFF862907CE6EFA75FD3DF9DD" box="[546,653,1511,1536]" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Latrunculia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="triloba">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929617AFF862907CE6EFA75FD81F9DD" box="[546,561,1513,1536]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">L</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B929617AFF862907CE0DFA7BFD3DF9DD" box="[577,653,1511,1536]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">triloba</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a wet specimen divided into two lots (preserved in two glass jars carrying the same number); Lot 1 contains 5 pieces, one of which is attached to a
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5DC6EBFF862907C876F990FB62F9F8" box="[1082,1234,1548,1573]" class="Rhynchonellata" family="Cancellothyrididae" genus="Terebratulina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebratulida" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Brachiopoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929617AFF862907C876F990FB62F9F8" box="[1082,1234,1548,1573]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Terebratulina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
brachiopod shell, and Lot 2 contains a single specimen. Unfortunately, the microscope slide mentioned in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCCC099FF862907C8D7F9B3FA2CF995" author="Hentschel" box="[1179,1436,1583,1608]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" refString="Hentschel, E. (1929) Die Kiesel- und Hornschwamme des Nordlichen Eismeers. In: Romer, F., Schaudinn, F., Brauer, A. & Arndt, W. (Eds.), Fauna Arctica. Eine Zusammenstellung der arktischen Tierformen mit besonderer Berucksichtigung des Spitzbergen-Gebietes auf Grund der Ergebnisse der Deutschen Expedition in das Nordliche Eismeer im Jahre 1898. 5 (4). G. Fischer, Jena, pp. 857 - 1042, pls. XII - XIV." type="book chapter" year="1929">Hentschel (1929: 870)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
could not be located. As the gross morphology was not shown in the original description, the illustrations of the microscleres are stylised, and the spicules were not measured, we have taken the opportunity to re-describe the species here, provide new observations (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1366A1EDFF862907CE3DF900FD78F969" box="[625,712,1692,1717]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="36.[151,250,1497,1519]" captionTargetBox="[168,1417,282,1456]" captionTargetId="figure@36.[151,1436,267,1476]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURE 14. Morphology, megascleres and microscleres of Latrunculia (Biannulata) triloba (Schmidt, 1875), ZMB Por 2667 (2 lots): A. Portion of holotype in Lot 1 from which spicules were examined (circled), gridlines = 1 mm; B. A second, larger portion of the holotype, showing general surface features and tapering fistules, gridlines = 1 mm; C. Original label included in Lot 1; D. A third section of the holotype showing collapsed, tapering fistules, gridlines = 1 mm; E. Original label included in Lot 2, the asterisk identifies that this is as a type specimen; F. Illustrations of holotype anisodiscorhabds (from Schmidt 1875, Plate 1, Fig. 17, 18); G. slightly sinuous, centrally thickened anisostyle with a smooth head, scale = 100 µm; H, I. Anisodiscorhabd, scale = 50 µm; J. protorhabd, scale = 50 µm; K, L. immature anisodiscorhabd, scale = 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/265526/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6DF88D3FF862907CE94F900FC80F969" box="[728,816,1692,1717]" captionStart="TABLE 9" captionStartId="42.[119,196,739,758]" captionTargetBox="[119,1832,776,1445]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="TABLE 9. (Continueđ)" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF22EDE0FF8F290ECC3BFD7FFEFDFD2A" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" tableUuid="DF22EDE0FF8F290ECC3BFD7FFEFDFD2A">Table 9</tableCitation>
|
||
) and to assign the species to one of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5DC6EBFF862907C954F900FA2CF968" box="[1304,1436,1692,1717]" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Latrunculia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929617AFF862907C954F900FA2CF968" box="[1304,1436,1692,1717]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Latrunculia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
subgenera.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE2BD68FF862907CC82F978FCEEF850" blockId="35.[151,1437,863,2005]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCCC099FF862907CC82F978FECDF920" author="Schmidt" box="[206,381,1764,1789]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" refString="Schmidt, O. (1875) Spongien. In: Die Expedition zur physikalisch-chemischen und biologischen Untersuchung der Nordsee im Sommer 1872. Jahresbericht der Commission zur Wissenschaftlichen Untersuchung der Deutschen Meere in Kiel, Volume 2 - 3, pp. 115 - 120, pl. I." type="book chapter" year="1875">Schmidt (1875)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
stated that the anisostyles are thickest centrally and that the anisodiscorhabds showed greatest kinship with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5DC6EBFF862907CD61F89BFD12F8FD" authority="Schmidt, 1870" authorityName="Schmidt" authorityYear="1870" box="[301,674,1799,1824]" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Sceptrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="regalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929617AFF862907CD61F89BFE44F8FD" box="[301,500,1799,1824]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Sceptrella regalis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCCC099FF862907CDB0F89BFD12F8FD" author="Schmidt" box="[508,674,1799,1824]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" refString="Schmidt, O. (1870) Grundzuge einer Spongien-Fauna des atlantischen Gebietes. Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig, iii - iv, 88 pp., 1 - 6." type="book chapter" year="1870">Schmidt, 1870</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
of Florida, with four whorls of projections that, in end-on profile, form three palmate, indented whorls. Examination of the microscleres of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5DC6EBFF862907CF90F8B1FBF7F898" box="[988,1095,1836,1861]" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Latrunculia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="triloba">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929617AFF862907CF90F8B1FC5BF899" box="[988,1003,1837,1860]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">L</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B929617AFF862907CFB7F8B0FBF7F898" box="[1019,1095,1836,1861]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">triloba</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="1366A1EDFF862907C814F8B0FB18F899" box="[1112,1192,1836,1861]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="36.[151,250,1497,1519]" captionTargetBox="[168,1417,282,1456]" captionTargetId="figure@36.[151,1436,267,1476]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURE 14. Morphology, megascleres and microscleres of Latrunculia (Biannulata) triloba (Schmidt, 1875), ZMB Por 2667 (2 lots): A. Portion of holotype in Lot 1 from which spicules were examined (circled), gridlines = 1 mm; B. A second, larger portion of the holotype, showing general surface features and tapering fistules, gridlines = 1 mm; C. Original label included in Lot 1; D. A third section of the holotype showing collapsed, tapering fistules, gridlines = 1 mm; E. Original label included in Lot 2, the asterisk identifies that this is as a type specimen; F. Illustrations of holotype anisodiscorhabds (from Schmidt 1875, Plate 1, Fig. 17, 18); G. slightly sinuous, centrally thickened anisostyle with a smooth head, scale = 100 µm; H, I. Anisodiscorhabd, scale = 50 µm; J. protorhabd, scale = 50 µm; K, L. immature anisodiscorhabd, scale = 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/265526/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
|
||
H–L) reveals that the normal anisodiscorhabds are not as regular as those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5DC6EBFF862907CEB0F8D3FC71F8B5" box="[764,961,1871,1896]" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Sceptrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="regalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929617AFF862907CEB0F8D3FC71F8B5" box="[764,961,1871,1896]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Sceptrella regalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see
|
||
<figureCitation id="1366A1EDFF862907CFB0F8D3FB89F8B5" box="[1020,1081,1871,1896]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1637,1659]" captionTargetBox="[168,1405,706,1614]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[168,1405,678,1615]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Comparison of microsclere morphology in family Latrunculiidae (not to scale): A. Anisodiscorhabd form in subgenus Latrunculia (Latrunculia) du Bocage, 1869 (type species L. (L.) bocagei Ridley & Dendy, 1886), showing the six substructures that characterise the anisodiscorhabds, whether differentiated or undifferentiated: m = manubrium, bw = basal whorl, mw = median whorl, sw = subsidiary whorl, aw = apical whorl, a = apex; B. Anisodiscorhabd form in subgenus Latrunculia (Biannulata) Samaai, Gibbons & Kelly, 2006 (type species L. (B.) kaakaariki Alvarez et al., 2002); C. Anisodiscorhabd form in subgenus Latrunculia (Uniannulata) subgen. nov. (type species L. (U.) oparinae Samaai & Krasokhin, 2002); D. Isospinodiscorhabd in genus Cyclacanthia Samaai, Govender & Kelly, 2004 (type species C. bellae (Samaai, Gibbons, Kelly & Davies-Coleman, 2003); E. Isochiadiscorhabd in genus Tsitsikamma Samaai & Kelly, 2002 (type species T. favus Samaai & Kelly, 2002); F. Anisodiscorhabd and amphiclad sceptre in genus Sceptrella Schmidt, 1870 (type species Sceptrella regalis Schmidt, 1870); G. Short anisodiscorhabd and long anisoconicorhabd in genus Latrunclava gen. nov. (type species L. imago gen. et sp. nov.); H. Anisodiscorhabd in genus Bomba gen. nov. (type species B. endeavourensis gen. et sp. nov.). Fig. 1 A, B, D modified and reproduced from Samaai et al. (2006), Samaai et al. (2004) and Samaai et al. (2003), respectively, with permission from Zootaxa (Magnolia Press). Fig. 1 E, F modified with permission from T. Samaai." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/265514/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
F, left) and the second category of microsclere, the ‘amphityles’ or isoconicorhabds, are absent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE2BD68FF862900CC8BF804FD41FF09" blockId="35.[151,1437,863,2005]" lastBlockId="36.[151,1436,151,213]" lastPageId="36" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
The microscleres are in fact, typical of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5DC6EBFF862907CEC6F804FC16F86D" authority="(Biannulata)" baseAuthorityName="Biannulata" box="[650,934,1944,1969]" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Latrunculia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929617AFF862907CEC6F804FCBEF86C" box="[650,782,1944,1969]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Latrunculia</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B929617AFF862907CF6CF804FC2CF86C" box="[800,924,1944,1969]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Biannulata</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species; the anisodiscorhabds have median, subsidiary and apical whorls, an apex, and an undifferentiated basal whorl and manubrium. We transfer the species to subgenus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5DC6EBFF812900CD64FF0BFE15FF6D" box="[296,421,151,176]" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Biannulata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929617AFF812900CD64FF0BFE15FF6D" box="[296,421,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Biannulata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6DF88D3FF812900CDF9FF0BFDBEFF6D" box="[437,526,151,176]" captionStart="TABLE 9" captionStartId="42.[119,196,739,758]" captionTargetBox="[119,1832,776,1445]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="TABLE 9. (Continueđ)" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF22EDE0FF8F290ECC3BFD7FFEFDFD2A" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" tableUuid="DF22EDE0FF8F290ECC3BFD7FFEFDFD2A">Table 9</tableCitation>
|
||
); this represents the first record of the subgenus outside the Pacific Ocean and further north than
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34AFDF8FF812900CD2FFF20FE44FF08" box="[355,500,188,213]" name="South Africa" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
in the Atlantic Ocean.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |