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<document id="65F777B8CD2DD092D7D037D8A5C4290E" ID="10.11646/zootaxa.4121.1.1" ID-CLB-Dataset="38929" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4121.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="214dc5a7-b23a-4140-b251-3a564b18bb9e" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="265513" ID-ZooBank="2C978846-61DD-48BD-87BE-0BC22D0CABF2" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1465281072039" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Kelly, Michelle, Sim-Smith, Carina, Stone, Robert, Reiswig, Toufiek Samaai Henry &amp; Austin, William" docDate="2016" docId="03F40C7EFF812901CCDBF96FFE66FD75" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4121.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4121 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Neopodospongia carlinae Boury-Esnault &amp; van Beveren 1982, subgen. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="12" lastPageNumber="38" masterDocId="FFCD7406FFA52924CC4CFF9CFFB0FFDD" masterDocTitle="New taxa and arrangements within the family Latrunculiidae (Demospongiae, Poecilosclerida)" masterLastPageNumber="48" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="37" updateTime="1698662720313" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="18082D5F8D4591CADFA604248AF48762">New taxa and arrangements within the family Latrunculiidae (Demospongiae, Poecilosclerida)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="4AD6496DE53336F1CFD91BFE702D127A">Kelly, Michelle</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="5ECEE3E7247521C4ECA0C43DBDDAEFD8">Sim-Smith, Carina</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="8EC2CB26F6C21A8E3D37E1650132C315">Stone, Robert</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="03774EB986957697D8A3A5528FF6F6F9">Reiswig, Toufiek Samaai Henry</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="03F40C7EFF812901CCDBF96FFE66FD75" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5058039" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127628498" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5058039" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F40C7EFF812901CCDBF96FFE66FD75" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F40C7EFF812901CCDBF96FFE66FD75" lastPageId="37" lastPageNumber="38" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<subSubSection id="C347EEE3FF812901CCDBF96FFE66FD75" lastPageId="37" lastPageNumber="38" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BE2BD68FF812900CCDBF96FFC19F8D0" blockId="36.[151,937,1779,1805]" box="[151,937,1779,1805]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<heading id="D0AA0A04FF812900CCDBF96FFC19F8D0" bold="true" box="[151,937,1779,1805]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C5DC6EBFF812900CCDBF96FFC19F8D0" ID-CoL="73W57" authority="Boury-Esnault &amp; van Beveren, 1982" authorityName="Boury-Esnault &amp; van Beveren" authorityYear="1982" box="[151,937,1779,1805]" class="Demospongiae" family="Podospongiidae" genus="Neopodospongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="carlinae">
<emphasis id="B929617AFF812900CCDBF96FFC19F8D0" bold="true" box="[151,937,1779,1805]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<emphasis id="B929617AFF812900CCDBF96FFE7BF8D0" bold="true" box="[151,459,1779,1805]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Neopodospongia carlinae</emphasis>
(Boury-Esnault &amp; van
<bibRefCitation id="EFCCC099FF812900CEBCF96FFC11F8D0" author="Beveren" box="[752,929,1779,1805]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" refString="Boury-Esnault, N. &amp; van Beveren, M. (1982) Les Demosponges du plateau continental de Kerguelen-Heard. Comite National Francais des Recherches Antarctiques, 52, 1 - 175." type="journal article" year="1982">Beveren, 1982</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE2BD68FF812901CCDBF8A5FC39FE71" blockId="36.[151,1436,1849,2018]" lastBlockId="37.[151,1437,151,680]" lastPageId="37" lastPageNumber="38" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
During the process of establishing
<emphasis id="B929617AFF812900CE7FF8A7FDF2F88F" box="[563,578,1851,1874]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">L</emphasis>
. (
<emphasis id="B929617AFF812900CE12F8A5FD5BF88F" box="[606,747,1849,1874]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Uniannulata</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B929617AFF812900CF4DF8A5FC28F88F" bold="true" box="[769,920,1849,1874]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">subgen. nov.</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C5DC6EBFF812900CFE7F8A5FE8BF8AB" authority="Boury-Esnault &amp; van Beveren, 1982" authorityName="Boury-Esnault &amp; van Beveren" authorityYear="1982" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Latrunculia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="carlinae">
<emphasis id="B929617AFF812900CFE7F8A5FB28F88F" box="[939,1176,1849,1874]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Latrunculia carlinae</emphasis>
Boury-Esnault &amp; van
<bibRefCitation id="EFCCC099FF812900CCDBF8C2FE8BF8AB" author="Beveren" box="[151,315,1886,1910]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" refString="Boury-Esnault, N. &amp; van Beveren, M. (1982) Les Demosponges du plateau continental de Kerguelen-Heard. Comite National Francais des Recherches Antarctiques, 52, 1 - 175." type="journal article" year="1982">Beveren, 1982</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
was re-examined because the microscleres appeared to be reminiscent of those in
<taxonomicName id="4C5DC6EBFF812900C8AEF8C2FA2CF8A8" box="[1250,1436,1886,1910]" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Latrunculia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="oparinae" status="subgen. nov." subGenus="Uniannulata">
<emphasis id="B929617AFF812900C8AEF8C2FB41F8A8" box="[1250,1265,1886,1909]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">L</emphasis>
. (
<emphasis id="B929617AFF812900C946F8C2FAAEF8A8" box="[1290,1310,1886,1909]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">U</emphasis>
.)
<emphasis id="B929617AFF812900C97BF8C2FA2CF8A8" box="[1335,1436,1886,1909]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">oparinae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21ADC01FF812900CCDBF81DFE9CF847" box="[151,300,1921,1946]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" rank="subGenus">
<emphasis id="B929617AFF812900CCDBF81DFE9CF847" bold="true" box="[151,300,1921,1946]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">subgen. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, and the
<collectingCountry id="F34AFDF8FF812900CDD4F81EFD80F847" box="[408,560,1921,1946]" name="New Zealand" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
fossil species
<taxonomicName id="4C5DC6EBFF812900CE94F81FFC38F847" box="[728,904,1922,1946]" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Latrunculia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="paeonia" subGenus="Uniannulata">
<emphasis id="B929617AFF812900CE94F81FFD57F847" box="[728,743,1923,1946]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">L</emphasis>
. (
<emphasis id="B929617AFF812900CF4CF81FFCA4F847" box="[768,788,1923,1946]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">U</emphasis>
.)
<emphasis id="B929617AFF812900CF62F81FFC38F847" box="[814,904,1923,1946]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">paeonia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B929617AFF812900CFDDF81DFBDFF847" bold="true" box="[913,1135,1921,1946]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">subgen. et sp. nov.</emphasis>
, in particular. The species was first described as a species of
<taxonomicName id="4C5DC6EBFF812900CE6CF839FD14F863" box="[544,676,1957,1982]" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Latrunculia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B929617AFF812900CE6CF839FD14F863" box="[544,676,1957,1982]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Latrunculia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation id="EFCCC099FF812900CE9CF839FB8DF863" author="Boury-Esnault" box="[720,1085,1957,1982]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" refString="Boury-Esnault, N. &amp; van Beveren, M. (1982) Les Demosponges du plateau continental de Kerguelen-Heard. Comite National Francais des Recherches Antarctiques, 52, 1 - 175." type="journal article" year="1982">Boury-Esnault &amp; Bevern (1982)</bibRefCitation>
despite the authors noting that the specimen had many non-latrunculid characters, and that the thistle-shaped ‘anisodiscorhabds’ were quite different from any other
<taxonomicName id="4C5DC6EBFF802901CD84FF0BFDFDFF6D" box="[456,589,151,176]" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Latrunculia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B929617AFF802901CD84FF0BFDFDFF6D" box="[456,589,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Latrunculia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
microscleres described thus far (
<figureCitation id="1366A1EDFF802901CFAFFF0BFB8BFF6D" box="[995,1083,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="34.[151,250,1831,1853]" captionTargetBox="[213,1370,193,1800]" captionTargetId="figure@34.[213,1371,193,1801]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 13. Morphology, megascleres and microscleres of Latrunclava imago gen. et sp. nov.: A. Latrunclava imago gen. et sp. nov., preserved holotype RBCM 150 - 00490 - 001, central Aleutian Islands, 175 m, scale = 1 cm; B. Range of anisoconicorhabds, scale = 50 µm; C. Microfossil anisodiscorhabds of Latrunculia oamaruensis Hinde &amp; Holmes, 1892 (from Hinde &amp; Holmes, 1892: 218, Pl. 11, Fig. 34, 35), scale = 50 µm; D. Head of anisostyle, acanthose with retrovert spines, scale = 20 µm; E. Typical anisodiscorhabds with manubrium, scale = 20 µm; F. Anisodiscorhabd lacking a manubrium, scale = 20 µm; G. Protorhabds showing presence of budding manubrium, scale = 20 µm; H. Basal portion of anisodiscorhabd showing manubrium and basal whorl, scale = 20 µm; I. Apical whorl (apex absent), scale = 20 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/265525/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
A). In 2006, the species was transferred to
<taxonomicName id="4C5DC6EBFF802901CD7FFF20FE57FF08" box="[307,487,188,213]" class="Demospongiae" family="Podospongiidae" genus="Sigmosceptrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B929617AFF802901CD7FFF20FE57FF08" box="[307,487,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Sigmosceptrella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the poecilosclerid family
<taxonomicName id="4C5DC6EBFF802901CF6AFF20FC6CFF08" box="[806,988,188,213]" class="Demospongiae" family="Podospongiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Porifera" rank="family">Podospongiidae</taxonomicName>
, by
<bibRefCitation id="EFCCC099FF802901C845FF20FB5EFF08" box="[1033,1262,188,213]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" refString="Samaai, T., Gibbons, M. J. &amp; Kelly, M. (2006) Revision of the genus Latrunculia du Bocage, 1869 (Porifera: Demospongiae: Latrunculiidae) with descriptions of new species from New Caledonia and the Northeastern Pacific. Zootaxa, 1127, 1 - 71." type="journal article">
Samaai
<emphasis id="B929617AFF802901C82FFF21FB23FF08" box="[1123,1171,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">et al</emphasis>
. (2006)
</bibRefCitation>
, but they ceded that it was perhaps still not quite the right place. By 2011,
<bibRefCitation id="EFCCC099FF802901CF6FFF43FBFFFF25" author="Sim-Smith" box="[803,1103,223,248]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" refString="Sim-Smith, C. &amp; Kelly, M. (2011) Two new genera in the family Podospongiidae (Demospongiae: Poecilosclerida) with eight new Western Pacific species. Zootaxa, 2976, 32 - 54." type="journal article" year="2011">Sim-Smith &amp; Kelly (2011)</bibRefCitation>
had described a range of new genera within
<taxonomicName id="4C5DC6EBFF802901CD0DFE98FE47FEC0" box="[321,503,260,285]" class="Demospongiae" family="Podospongiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Porifera" rank="family">Podospongiidae</taxonomicName>
, to which the species
<taxonomicName id="4C5DC6EBFF802901CF48FE98FCD1FEC0" box="[772,865,260,285]" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Latrunculia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="carlinae">
<emphasis id="B929617AFF802901CF48FE98FCD1FEC0" box="[772,865,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">carlinae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
seems to have greater affinity. After careful reexamination of the
<typeStatus id="54E603CAFF802901CD31FEBBFE6FFE9D" box="[381,479,295,320]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
(
<figureCitation id="1366A1EDFF802901CDBEFEBBFDF7FE9D" box="[498,583,295,320]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="38.[151,250,1515,1537]" captionTargetBox="[215,1368,193,1490]" captionTargetId="figure@38.[215,1370,193,1491]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="FIGURE 15. Megascleres and microscleres of Neopodospongia carlinae (Boury-Esnault &amp; van Beveren, 1982): A. Megasclere and microsclere illustrated in Boury-Esnault &amp; van Beveren (1982, Fig. 10 A, B); B. Strongyloxea, scale = 100 µm; C. Two size categories of aciculospinorhabds: the larger ectosomal form on the left has a compact crown of blade-like sculpted spines, the smaller choanosomal form on the right, scale = 20 µm; D. Ibid, scale = 20 µm; E. Group of aciculospinorhabds: small choanosomal form (left) and larger ectosomal forms to the right, scale = 20 µm; F. Apex of large ectosomal aciculospinorhabd, scale = 20 µm; G. Large ectosomal aciculospinorhabds, scale = 20 µm; H. Protorhabds showing the uneven shaft development (thicker at the base and apex than in the middle) typical of Podospongiidae, resulting from the fusion of the sigmoid progenitor rhabd (not shown), scale = 20 µm. Fig. B – H from holotype MNHN. D. NBE 1085, Kerguelen and Heard Islands continental shelf, 245 m." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/265527/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
) we now consider
<taxonomicName id="4C5DC6EBFF802901CF61FEB5FC1CFE9D" box="[813,940,295,320]" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Latrunculia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="carlinae">
<emphasis id="B929617AFF802901CF61FEB5FC8CFE9D" box="[813,828,297,320]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">L</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B929617AFF802901CF03FEBBFC1CFE9D" box="[847,940,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">carlinae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to be better placed in podospongid genus
<taxonomicName id="4C5DC6EBFF802901CCDBFED0FD03FEB9" authority="Sim-Smith &amp; Kelly, 2011" authorityName="Sim-Smith &amp; Kelly" authorityYear="2011" box="[151,691,332,357]" class="Demospongiae" family="Podospongiidae" genus="Neopodospongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B929617AFF802901CCDBFED0FEE5FEB8" box="[151,341,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Neopodospongia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFCCC099FF802901CD25FED0FD03FEB9" author="Sim-Smith" box="[361,691,332,357]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" refString="Sim-Smith, C. &amp; Kelly, M. (2011) Two new genera in the family Podospongiidae (Demospongiae: Poecilosclerida) with eight new Western Pacific species. Zootaxa, 2976, 32 - 54." type="journal article" year="2011">Sim-Smith &amp; Kelly, 2011</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, established for thin encrusting species with very similar characteristics. In particular, the aciculospinorhabd microscleres are in two size categories and protorhabd appears to be sigmoid, as in all
<taxonomicName id="4C5DC6EBFF802901CDD7FE08FC34FE71" authority="Sim-Smith &amp; Kelly 2011" authorityName="Sim-Smith &amp; Kelly" authorityYear="2011" box="[411,900,404,429]" class="Demospongiae" family="Podospongiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Porifera" rank="family">
Podospongiidae (
<bibRefCitation id="EFCCC099FF802901CE11FE08FCCCFE71" author="Sim-Smith" box="[605,892,404,429]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" refString="Sim-Smith, C. &amp; Kelly, M. (2011) Two new genera in the family Podospongiidae (Demospongiae: Poecilosclerida) with eight new Western Pacific species. Zootaxa, 2976, 32 - 54." type="journal article" year="2011">Sim-Smith &amp; Kelly 2011</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE2BD68FF802901CC8BFE2BFE66FD75" blockId="37.[151,1437,151,680]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<taxonomicName id="4C5DC6EBFF802901CC8BFE2BFE07FE0D" box="[199,439,439,464]" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Latrunculia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="carlinae">
<emphasis id="B929617AFF802901CC8BFE2BFE07FE0D" box="[199,439,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Latrunculia carlinae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has microscleres with ragged apical spines (
<figureCitation id="1366A1EDFF802901CFACFE2BFB86FE0D" box="[992,1078,439,464]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="38.[151,250,1515,1537]" captionTargetBox="[215,1368,193,1490]" captionTargetId="figure@38.[215,1370,193,1491]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="FIGURE 15. Megascleres and microscleres of Neopodospongia carlinae (Boury-Esnault &amp; van Beveren, 1982): A. Megasclere and microsclere illustrated in Boury-Esnault &amp; van Beveren (1982, Fig. 10 A, B); B. Strongyloxea, scale = 100 µm; C. Two size categories of aciculospinorhabds: the larger ectosomal form on the left has a compact crown of blade-like sculpted spines, the smaller choanosomal form on the right, scale = 20 µm; D. Ibid, scale = 20 µm; E. Group of aciculospinorhabds: small choanosomal form (left) and larger ectosomal forms to the right, scale = 20 µm; F. Apex of large ectosomal aciculospinorhabd, scale = 20 µm; G. Large ectosomal aciculospinorhabds, scale = 20 µm; H. Protorhabds showing the uneven shaft development (thicker at the base and apex than in the middle) typical of Podospongiidae, resulting from the fusion of the sigmoid progenitor rhabd (not shown), scale = 20 µm. Fig. B – H from holotype MNHN. D. NBE 1085, Kerguelen and Heard Islands continental shelf, 245 m." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/265527/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
C–G) and are in two distinct morphological and size categories (
<figureCitation id="1366A1EDFF802901CE64FE40FDC9FE28" box="[552,633,476,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="38.[151,250,1515,1537]" captionTargetBox="[215,1368,193,1490]" captionTargetId="figure@38.[215,1370,193,1491]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="FIGURE 15. Megascleres and microscleres of Neopodospongia carlinae (Boury-Esnault &amp; van Beveren, 1982): A. Megasclere and microsclere illustrated in Boury-Esnault &amp; van Beveren (1982, Fig. 10 A, B); B. Strongyloxea, scale = 100 µm; C. Two size categories of aciculospinorhabds: the larger ectosomal form on the left has a compact crown of blade-like sculpted spines, the smaller choanosomal form on the right, scale = 20 µm; D. Ibid, scale = 20 µm; E. Group of aciculospinorhabds: small choanosomal form (left) and larger ectosomal forms to the right, scale = 20 µm; F. Apex of large ectosomal aciculospinorhabd, scale = 20 µm; G. Large ectosomal aciculospinorhabds, scale = 20 µm; H. Protorhabds showing the uneven shaft development (thicker at the base and apex than in the middle) typical of Podospongiidae, resulting from the fusion of the sigmoid progenitor rhabd (not shown), scale = 20 µm. Fig. B – H from holotype MNHN. D. NBE 1085, Kerguelen and Heard Islands continental shelf, 245 m." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/265527/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
C–E); the smaller microsclere is narrower, about 10 µm shorter, with a smaller apex. Although we did not find any specifically sigmoid protorhabds, we observed many protorhabds with the uneven lateral development (
<figureCitation id="1366A1EDFF802901CE45FDB8FDEAFDE0" box="[521,602,548,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="38.[151,250,1515,1537]" captionTargetBox="[215,1368,193,1490]" captionTargetId="figure@38.[215,1370,193,1491]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="FIGURE 15. Megascleres and microscleres of Neopodospongia carlinae (Boury-Esnault &amp; van Beveren, 1982): A. Megasclere and microsclere illustrated in Boury-Esnault &amp; van Beveren (1982, Fig. 10 A, B); B. Strongyloxea, scale = 100 µm; C. Two size categories of aciculospinorhabds: the larger ectosomal form on the left has a compact crown of blade-like sculpted spines, the smaller choanosomal form on the right, scale = 20 µm; D. Ibid, scale = 20 µm; E. Group of aciculospinorhabds: small choanosomal form (left) and larger ectosomal forms to the right, scale = 20 µm; F. Apex of large ectosomal aciculospinorhabd, scale = 20 µm; G. Large ectosomal aciculospinorhabds, scale = 20 µm; H. Protorhabds showing the uneven shaft development (thicker at the base and apex than in the middle) typical of Podospongiidae, resulting from the fusion of the sigmoid progenitor rhabd (not shown), scale = 20 µm. Fig. B – H from holotype MNHN. D. NBE 1085, Kerguelen and Heard Islands continental shelf, 245 m." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/265527/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
H) associated with the fusion of recurved sigmoid spines, as illustrated in
<bibRefCitation id="EFCCC099FF802901CCDBFDDBFDD0FDBD" author="Sim-Smith" box="[151,608,583,608]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" refString="Sim-Smith, C. &amp; Kelly, M. (2011) Two new genera in the family Podospongiidae (Demospongiae: Poecilosclerida) with eight new Western Pacific species. Zootaxa, 2976, 32 - 54." type="journal article" year="2011">
Sim-Smith &amp; Kelly (2011:
<figureCitation id="1366A1EDFF802901CD94FDDBFDAEFDBD" box="[472,542,583,608]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1760,1782]" captionTargetBox="[226,1343,193,1705]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[226,1344,193,1706]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Megascleres and microscleres of Latrunculia (Latrunculia) austini Samaai et al. 2006: A – D. Anisodiscorhabds from holotype RBCM 982 - 62 - 1 showing variations, scale = 10 µm; E. Typical anisodiscorhabd from Gulf of Alaska specimen NHMUK 2008.3. 27.3, scale = 10 µm; F. Megascleres shown at full length, scale = 100 µm; G. Smooth proximal and distal tips of megasclere, scale = 10 µm; H. Protorhabd showing well-separated basal whorl progenitor above manubrium, scale = 10 µm; I – J. Malformed anisodiscorhabds with deficient or absent apical whorls and indistinguishable basal whorl and manubrium, scale = 10 µm; K – N. Anisodiscorhabds with semi-differentiated basal whorl and manubrium, scale = 10 µm; O – R. Anisodiscorhabds with manubrium completely separate from basal whorl, scale = 10 µm; Fig. 4 F – Q images taken from specimen RBCM 015 - 00478 - 001, Queen Charlotte Sound, British Columbia. Fig. 4 A – D reproduced from Samaai et al. (2006, Fig. 1 O)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/265517/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
E, R)
</bibRefCitation>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C5DC6EBFF802901CE22FDDBFC24FDBD" box="[622,916,583,608]" class="Demospongiae" family="Podospongiidae" genus="Neopodospongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="carlinae">
<emphasis id="B929617AFF802901CE22FDDBFC24FDBD" box="[622,916,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Neopodospongia carlinae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from subantarctic waters is the sixth in this widely-spread genus, which has three species in
<collectingCountry id="F34AFDF8FF802901CEF9FDF1FCFDFD58" box="[693,845,620,645]" name="New Zealand" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
, one species in the Chilean fiords, and one species in the North Atlantic (
<tableCitation id="C6DF88D3FF802901CD3DFD13FE78FD75" box="[369,456,655,680]" captionStart="TABLE 9" captionStartId="42.[119,196,739,758]" captionTargetBox="[119,1832,776,1445]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="TABLE 9. (Continueđ)" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF22EDE0FF8F290ECC3BFD7FFEFDFD2A" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" tableUuid="DF22EDE0FF8F290ECC3BFD7FFEFDFD2A">Table 9</tableCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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