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155 lines
14 KiB
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<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3681415" ID-GBIF-Dataset="246dae96-99ed-4bb9-9ae7-b0223b873cf6" ID-GBIF-Taxon="161671680" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3681415" approvalRequired="20" approvalRequired_for_bibRefs="4" approvalRequired_for_taxonomicNames="1" approvalRequired_for_textStreams="11" approvalRequired_for_treatments="4" checkinTime="1582190017096" checkinUser="jeremy" docAuthor="Currie, P. J." docDate="1987" docId="03EBA441FF9F844EC785FC83F2ABD53A" docLanguage="en" docName="Currie1987.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Fourth Symposium on Mesozoic Terrestrial Ecosystems, Drumheller, Alberta: Tyrrell Museum of Paleontology" docStyle="DocumentStyle{}" docTitle="Daspletosaurus torosus" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="54" masterDocId="FFD2DC39FF9C844DC72CFF93F347D01B" masterDocTitle="Theropods of the Judith River Formation of dinosaur Provincial Park, Alberta, Canada" masterLastPageNumber="60" masterPageNumber="51" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" updateTime="1636540795418" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Theropods of the Judith River Formation of dinosaur Provincial Park, Alberta, Canada</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Currie, P. J.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:originInfo>
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<mods:dateIssued>1987</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther type="pubDate">1987-12-31</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher>Tyrrell Museum of Paleontology</mods:publisher>
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<mods:place>
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<mods:placeTerm>Drumheller, Alberta</mods:placeTerm>
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</mods:place>
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</mods:originInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Editor</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Currie P. J.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Editor</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Koster E. H.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Fourth Symposium on Mesozoic Terrestrial Ecosystems</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>51</mods:start>
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<mods:end>60</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification>book chapter</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3676391</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">246dae96-99ed-4bb9-9ae7-b0223b873cf6</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">3676391</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3681415" ID-GBIF-Taxon="161671680" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3681415" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EBA441FF9F844EC785FC83F2ABD53A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EBA441FF9F844EC785FC83F2ABD53A" lastPageNumber="54" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="54" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="3.[124,968,245,1427]" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">
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Tyrannosaurid frontals are very
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<emphasis box="[529,646,784,797]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">distinctive</emphasis>
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in
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<emphasis box="[702,753,784,798]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">their</emphasis>
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relationships with the bones they
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<emphasis box="[288,362,808,819]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">contact</emphasis>
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. Two or three prongs of the nasal overlap the rostral end of the
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<emphasis box="[266,337,827,841]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">frontal</emphasis>
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. The prefrontal
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<emphasis box="[554,572,828,841]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">is</emphasis>
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always present, although in
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<emphasis box="[925,965,830,840]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">some</emphasis>
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species it
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<emphasis box="[246,277,853,866]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">may</emphasis>
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be fused to
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<emphasis box="[424,487,849,863]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">either</emphasis>
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the
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[546,598,849,862]" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">nasal</emphasis>
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or lacrimal, and in others it is
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<emphasis box="[126,198,871,885]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">covered</emphasis>
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by the lacrimal. The prefrontal sits in a
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<emphasis box="[707,736,871,887]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">pit</emphasis>
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on
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<emphasis box="[792,821,870,884]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">the</emphasis>
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doraolateral surface of the frontal. Primitively (
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<figureCitation box="[555,687,889,909]" captionStart="FIG. 1" captionStartId="5.[93,121,1322,1333]" captionTargetBox="[183,864,202,1302]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIG. 1 Theropod frontals from Dinosaur Provincial Park. (a) Troodon formosus. TMP 86.49. 10; (b) Dromicelomimus samueli, TMP 85.56.62; (c) cf. Erilcosaurus sp., NMC 12355; (d) Saurornitholestes langstoni, TMP 86. 77. 57; (e) Dromaeosaurus albertensis, NMC 12349, AMNH 5356; (f) cf. Aublysodon sp., TMP 80.16.485; (g) cf. Gorgosaurus libratus, TMP 80.16.924; (h) Daspletosaurus torosus (after Russell. 1970). (1) Caudal limit of dorsalateral exposure of the lacrimal; (2) caudal limit of orbital rim; (3) caudal limit of postorbital suture; (4) lacrimal slot; (5) Postorbital buttress. Scale= 1cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3676393" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3676393/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">Figs. 1f, g</figureCitation>
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), the pit is overlapped posteriorly
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<emphasis box="[257,276,912,928]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">by</emphasis>
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the dorsal surface of the frontal, so that
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<emphasis box="[775,805,913,926]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">the</emphasis>
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caudal end of
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<emphasis box="[127,156,935,949]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">the</emphasis>
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prefrontal actually inserts into
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<emphasis box="[571,580,938,948]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">a</emphasis>
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socket in the frontal,
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<emphasis box="[891,921,934,948]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">and</emphasis>
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[946,965,934,947]" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">is</emphasis>
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completely surrounded by that
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<emphasis box="[456,501,956,970]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">bone</emphasis>
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. ln more progressive forms (Molnar 1980;
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<emphasis box="[126,192,979,995]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">Bakker</emphasis>
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, Williams and
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<emphasis box="[364,429,978,995]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">Currie</emphasis>
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, in preparation), the socket is lost, and one suspects that
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<emphasis box="[287,326,999,1012]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">this</emphasis>
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is
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<emphasis box="[384,413,998,1012]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">the</emphasis>
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case in
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Russell" baseAuthorityYear="1970" box="[530,771,999,1019]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Daspletosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="torosus">Daspletosaurus torosus</taxonomicName>
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(
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<figureCitation box="[801,886,998,1016]" captionStart="FIG. 1" captionStartId="5.[93,121,1322,1333]" captionTargetBox="[183,864,202,1302]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIG. 1 Theropod frontals from Dinosaur Provincial Park. (a) Troodon formosus. TMP 86.49. 10; (b) Dromicelomimus samueli, TMP 85.56.62; (c) cf. Erilcosaurus sp., NMC 12355; (d) Saurornitholestes langstoni, TMP 86. 77. 57; (e) Dromaeosaurus albertensis, NMC 12349, AMNH 5356; (f) cf. Aublysodon sp., TMP 80.16.485; (g) cf. Gorgosaurus libratus, TMP 80.16.924; (h) Daspletosaurus torosus (after Russell. 1970). (1) Caudal limit of dorsalateral exposure of the lacrimal; (2) caudal limit of orbital rim; (3) caudal limit of postorbital suture; (4) lacrimal slot; (5) Postorbital buttress. Scale= 1cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3676393" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3676393/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">Fig. 1h</figureCitation>
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). The orbital
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<emphasis box="[211,242,1022,1035]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">rim</emphasis>
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of the frontal
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<emphasis box="[417,558,1021,1038]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">is very short</emphasis>
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, and in
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<emphasis box="[656,697,1024,1035]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">some</emphasis>
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species
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<emphasis box="[801,941,1021,1035]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">is reduced to</emphasis>
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a slot passing between the lacrimal
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<emphasis box="[566,596,1042,1056]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">and</emphasis>
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postorbital (
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<figureCitation box="[782,876,1041,1060]" captionStart="FIG. 1" captionStartId="5.[93,121,1322,1333]" captionTargetBox="[183,864,202,1302]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIG. 1 Theropod frontals from Dinosaur Provincial Park. (a) Troodon formosus. TMP 86.49. 10; (b) Dromicelomimus samueli, TMP 85.56.62; (c) cf. Erilcosaurus sp., NMC 12355; (d) Saurornitholestes langstoni, TMP 86. 77. 57; (e) Dromaeosaurus albertensis, NMC 12349, AMNH 5356; (f) cf. Aublysodon sp., TMP 80.16.485; (g) cf. Gorgosaurus libratus, TMP 80.16.924; (h) Daspletosaurus torosus (after Russell. 1970). (1) Caudal limit of dorsalateral exposure of the lacrimal; (2) caudal limit of orbital rim; (3) caudal limit of postorbital suture; (4) lacrimal slot; (5) Postorbital buttress. Scale= 1cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3676393" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3676393/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">Fig. 1g</figureCitation>
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). The frontal-postorbital suture
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[422,441,1065,1078]" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">is</emphasis>
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expanded in all tyrannosaurids (
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<figureCitation captionStart="FIG. 1" captionStartId="5.[93,121,1322,1333]" captionTargetBox="[183,864,202,1302]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIG. 1 Theropod frontals from Dinosaur Provincial Park. (a) Troodon formosus. TMP 86.49. 10; (b) Dromicelomimus samueli, TMP 85.56.62; (c) cf. Erilcosaurus sp., NMC 12355; (d) Saurornitholestes langstoni, TMP 86. 77. 57; (e) Dromaeosaurus albertensis, NMC 12349, AMNH 5356; (f) cf. Aublysodon sp., TMP 80.16.485; (g) cf. Gorgosaurus libratus, TMP 80.16.924; (h) Daspletosaurus torosus (after Russell. 1970). (1) Caudal limit of dorsalateral exposure of the lacrimal; (2) caudal limit of orbital rim; (3) caudal limit of postorbital suture; (4) lacrimal slot; (5) Postorbital buttress. Scale= 1cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3676393" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3676393/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">Figs. 1f, g, h</figureCitation>
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). At the rostral end of the
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<emphasis box="[491,567,1088,1102]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">contact</emphasis>
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, the frontal develops a pronounced buttress with a posterolaterally
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<emphasis box="[487,572,1107,1121]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">oriented</emphasis>
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suture (
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<figureCitation box="[675,755,1106,1125]" captionStart="FIG. 1" captionStartId="5.[93,121,1322,1333]" captionTargetBox="[183,864,202,1302]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIG. 1 Theropod frontals from Dinosaur Provincial Park. (a) Troodon formosus. TMP 86.49. 10; (b) Dromicelomimus samueli, TMP 85.56.62; (c) cf. Erilcosaurus sp., NMC 12355; (d) Saurornitholestes langstoni, TMP 86. 77. 57; (e) Dromaeosaurus albertensis, NMC 12349, AMNH 5356; (f) cf. Aublysodon sp., TMP 80.16.485; (g) cf. Gorgosaurus libratus, TMP 80.16.924; (h) Daspletosaurus torosus (after Russell. 1970). (1) Caudal limit of dorsalateral exposure of the lacrimal; (2) caudal limit of orbital rim; (3) caudal limit of postorbital suture; (4) lacrimal slot; (5) Postorbital buttress. Scale= 1cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3676393" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3676393/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">
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<emphasis box="[675,709,1106,1125]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">Fig</emphasis>
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. 1f
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</figureCitation>
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), behind
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<emphasis box="[864,917,1107,1120]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">which</emphasis>
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the frontal is broadly overlapped by the postorbital. The relationship between
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[126,155,1151,1164]" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">the</emphasis>
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frontal and postorbital changes
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<emphasis box="[572,613,1150,1163]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">both</emphasis>
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ontogenetically and in more progressive tyrannosaurids however, and the contact
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<emphasis box="[726,799,1172,1185]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">becomes</emphasis>
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more elongate rostrocaudally and more vertical. A rostrodorsal process of the parietals separates the frontals posteriorly, and the sagittal crest extends onto the frontals.
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<emphasis box="[247,383,1235,1252]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">Tyrannosaurid</emphasis>
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frontals are
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<emphasis box="[550,667,1236,1253]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">essentially</emphasis>
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flat dorsally between the orbits. The temporal musculature extends far onto the dorssl surface of the
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<emphasis box="[125,199,1279,1295]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">frontal</emphasis>
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, its anterior
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<emphasis box="[361,446,1277,1295]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">boundary</emphasis>
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being
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[526,535,1282,1292]" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">a</emphasis>
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<emphasis box="[549,581,1278,1292]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">low</emphasis>
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sinuous
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[682,733,1279,1296]" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">ridge</emphasis>
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between the sagittal crest and the postorbital
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<emphasis box="[400,486,1299,1313]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">buttress</emphasis>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |