463 lines
64 KiB
XML
463 lines
64 KiB
XML
<document id="9F0F10E0B6EAF08816FB9E437F2805B9" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3688.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="151481a0-71e1-4402-ab7e-8262caddf539" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="284201" ID-ZooBank="DB84C679-C2AA-41CC-816E-83E2F6DCA391" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460649331738" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Haddad, Charles R." docDate="2013" docId="03DB8445FF8AFFA1FF2AFDC23622FCAF" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03688p079.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3688 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Messapus martini Simon 1898" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="20" masterDocId="FFE2FC3DFF9AFFB2FFBDFFE6345DFFF0" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic notes on the spider genus Messapus Simon, 1898 (Araneae, Corinnidae), with the description of the new genera Copuetta and Wasaka and the first cladistic analysis of Afrotropical Castianeirinae" masterLastPageNumber="79" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="17" updateTime="1698337697679" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="AA6E3EEC985412953F30BDF16C3593F7">Taxonomic notes on the spider genus Messapus Simon, 1898 (Araneae, Corinnidae), with the description of the new genera Copuetta and Wasaka and the first cladistic analysis of Afrotropical Castianeirinae</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="CD9D719E6D063F2231FC65656445B535">Haddad, Charles R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="354A2F27DACEC2B3149280C9669A523F">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="1A1229BE9B19BAA6D15E4508A39E4BD2">2013</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="1F59ACE7E70C357AEA33C65B88664CBB">3688</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03DB8445FF8AFFA1FF2AFDC23622FCAF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6153921" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127664923" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6153921" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DB8445FF8AFFA1FF2AFDC23622FCAF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DB8445FF8AFFA1FF2AFDC23622FCAF" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<subSubSection id="C36866D8FF8AFFA2FF2AFDC235FDFDAE" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BCD3553FF8AFFA2FF2AFDC23652FDCD" blockId="16.[151,527,547,606]" box="[151,527,547,574]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<heading id="D085823FFF8AFFA2FF2AFDC23652FDCD" bold="true" box="[151,527,547,574]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C724ED0FF8AFFA2FF2AFDC23652FDCD" ID-CoL="427TN" authority="Simon, 1898" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1898" box="[151,527,547,574]" class="Arachnida" family="Corinnidae" genus="Messapus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="martini">
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<emphasis id="B906E941FF8AFFA2FF2AFDC23652FDCD" bold="true" box="[151,527,547,574]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<emphasis id="B906E941FF8AFFA2FF2AFDC23532FDCE" bold="true" box="[151,367,548,574]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Messapus martini</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE348A2FF8AFFA2FECBFDC53652FDCD" author="Simon" box="[374,527,547,573]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Simon, E. (1898) Histoire naturelle des araignees. Tome 2, Librairie Encyclopedique de Roret, Paris, pp. 193 - 380." type="journal article" year="1898">Simon, 1898</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCD3553FF8AFFA2FF2AFDA035FDFDAE" blockId="16.[151,527,547,606]" box="[151,416,582,606]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<figureCitation id="134929D6FF8AFFA2FF2AFDA034A7FDAE" box="[151,250,582,606]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 6" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1473,1496]" captionTargetBox="[172,1415,191,1446]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[172,1416,191,1446]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 6. General habitus photographs of Messapus martini Simon, 1898 (1 – 3) and M. natalis (Pocock, 1898) (4 – 6) from Ndumo Game Reserve, South Africa: 1, 4. Females. 2, 5. Males. 3, 6. Retreats. Arrows indicate anchor lines of retreats." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/284202/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Figs 1, 2</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="134929D6FF8AFFA2FEBBFDA03513FDAE" box="[262,334,582,606]" captionStart="FIGURES 27 – 33" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1875,1898]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,739,1852]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[151,1436,739,1854]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 27 – 33. Digital microscope photographs of Messapus martini Simon, 1898 from South Africa (27, 28), M. natalis (Pocock, 1898) from South Africa (29, 30) and Merenius secundus (Strand, 1907) from Tanzania (31 – 33): 27, 29, 31. Female, dorsal habitus. 28, 30. Male, dorsal habitus. 32. Cephalic region of female in dorsal view. 33. Female epigyne in ventral view. Scale bars: 27 – 31 = 2.0 mm, 32 = 0.1 mm, 33 = 0.25 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/284206/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">27, 28</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="134929D6FF8AFFA2FEE7FDA035FDFDAE" box="[346,416,582,606]" captionStart="FIGURES 34 – 39" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1949,1972]" captionTargetBox="[208,1365,671,1912]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[181,1405,633,1930]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 34 – 39. Genitalic morphology of Messapus martini Simon, 1898 (34 – 38) and Merenius secundus (Strand, 1907) (39): 34, 39. Female epigyne, ventral view. 35. Same, dorsal view. 36. Male palp, prolateral view. 37. Same, ventral view. 38. Same, retrolateral view. Scale bars: 34 – 38 = 0.50 mm; 39 = 0.25 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/284207/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">34–38</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C36866D8FF8AFFA2FF2AFD76373BFD11" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BCD3553FF8AFFA2FF2AFD76373BFD11" blockId="16.[151,1436,654,737]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB62127DFF8AFFA2FF2AFD76373BFD11" infered="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<taxonomicName id="4C724ED0FF8AFFA2FF2AFD76367AFD54" ID-CoL="427TN" authority="Simon, 1898: 214" authorityName="Simon" authorityPageNumber="214" authorityYear="1898" box="[151,551,654,677]" class="Arachnida" family="Corinnidae" genus="Messapus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="martini">
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<emphasis id="B906E941FF8AFFA2FF2AFD763509FD55" box="[151,340,656,677]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Messapus martini</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0AD31342FF8AFFA2FEDFFD68367AFD54" author="Simon" box="[354,551,654,676]" page="214" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="1898">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE348A2FF8AFFA2FEDFFD6835B2FD54" author="Simon" box="[354,495,654,676]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Simon, E. (1898) Histoire naturelle des araignees. Tome 2, Librairie Encyclopedique de Roret, Paris, pp. 193 - 380." type="journal article" year="1898">Simon, 1898</bibRefCitation>
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: 214
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
(Ƥ
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||
<typeStatus id="54C98BF1FF8AFFA2FDE2FD69369AFD54" box="[607,711,655,676]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
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||
, here designated, together with 3
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<typeStatus id="54C98BF1FF8AFFA2FBEFFD683080FD54" box="[1106,1245,654,676]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="paralectotype">paralectotype</typeStatus>
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, here designated, misidentified; 3 actually belongs to
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<taxonomicName id="4C724ED0FF8AFFA2FDE9FD483754FD33" ID-CoL="Y8YL" box="[596,777,686,707]" class="Arachnida" family="Corinnidae" genus="Copuetta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maputa" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B906E941FF8AFFA2FDE9FD483754FD33" box="[596,777,686,707]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Copuetta maputa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
<emphasis id="B906E941FF8AFFA2FCA8FD4B3736FD32" bold="true" box="[789,875,685,706]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A235543AFF8AFFA2FCA8FD4B3736FD32" box="[789,875,685,706]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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||
</emphasis>
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||
:
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||
<emphasis id="B906E941FF8AFFA2FCC2FD4A3012FD33" bold="true" box="[895,1103,684,707]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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||
<collectingCountry id="F36575C3FF8AFFA2FCC2FD4A3014FD33" box="[895,1097,684,707]" name="South Africa" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">SOUTH AFRICA</collectingCountry>
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||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
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||
<collectingCountry id="F36575C3FF8AFFA2FBE7FD4B30CEFD33" box="[1114,1171,685,707]" name="South Africa" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Natal</collectingCountry>
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||
, leg. C. Martin, MNHN 19680—examined);
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0AD31342FF8AFFA2FE25FD2D36B7FD11" author="Bosselaers" box="[408,746,715,737]" page="307" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="2000">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE348A2FF8AFFA2FE25FD2D36E4FD11" author="Bosselaers" box="[408,697,715,737]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Bosselaers, J. & Jocque, R. (2000 a) Studies in Corinnidae: transfer of four genera and descriptions of the female of Lessertina mutica Lawrence 1942. Tropical Zoology, 13, 305 - 325. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 03946975.2000.10531138" type="journal article" year="2000" yearSuffix="a">Bosselaers & Jocqué, 2000a</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 307
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
, figs 1A–H.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C36866D8FF8AFFA2FF2AFCE837E6FC0E" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="diagnosis">
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||
<paragraph id="8BCD3553FF8AFFA2FF2AFCE837E6FC0E" blockId="16.[151,1437,782,2031]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906E941FF8AFFA2FF2AFCE8354EFCD7" bold="true" box="[151,275,782,807]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C724ED0FF8AFFA2FE9DFCF635B3FCD6" box="[288,494,783,807]" class="Arachnida" family="Corinnidae" genus="Messapus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="martini">
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<emphasis id="B906E941FF8AFFA2FE9DFCF635B3FCD6" box="[288,494,783,807]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Messapus martini</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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can be easily recognised by the females possessing distinct horse-shoe shaped epigynal ridges, with the copulatory openings along their anterior median margins (
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<figureCitation id="134929D6FF8AFFA2FBF3FCD430FEFCBA" box="[1102,1187,818,842]" captionStart="FIGURES 34 – 39" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1949,1972]" captionTargetBox="[208,1365,671,1912]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[181,1405,633,1930]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 34 – 39. Genitalic morphology of Messapus martini Simon, 1898 (34 – 38) and Merenius secundus (Strand, 1907) (39): 34, 39. Female epigyne, ventral view. 35. Same, dorsal view. 36. Male palp, prolateral view. 37. Same, ventral view. 38. Same, retrolateral view. Scale bars: 34 – 38 = 0.50 mm; 39 = 0.25 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/284207/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 34</figureCitation>
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). In
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<taxonomicName id="4C724ED0FF8AFFA2FB65FCD23111FCBB" box="[1240,1356,819,843]" class="Arachnida" family="Corinnidae" genus="Corinna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="natalis" status="comb. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B906E941FF8AFFA2FB65FCD23111FCBB" box="[1240,1356,819,843]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">M. natalis</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="B906E941FF8AFFA2FAE9FCD53495FC9F" bold="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A235543AFF8AFFA2FAE9FCD53495FC9F" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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||
, the epigynal ridges are oval and the copulatory openings anterolaterally placed (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE348A2FF8AFFA2FBC0FCB031D3FC9E" author="Haddad" box="[1149,1422,854,878]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Haddad, C. R. (2005) A redescription of Corinna natalis Pocock, 1898 (Araneae, Corinnidae), Africa's largest dark sac spider, with natural history notes. Journal of Afrotropical Zoology, 2, 27 - 32." type="journal article" year="2005">Haddad 2005: figs 1, 2</bibRefCitation>
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). Males can be recognised by the structure of the two palpal tibial apophyses and the short sickle-shaped transverse distal embolus (
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<figureCitation id="134929D6FF8AFFA2FEEEFC783586FC46" box="[339,475,926,950]" captionStart="FIGURES 34 – 39" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1949,1972]" captionTargetBox="[208,1365,671,1912]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[181,1405,633,1930]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 34 – 39. Genitalic morphology of Messapus martini Simon, 1898 (34 – 38) and Merenius secundus (Strand, 1907) (39): 34, 39. Female epigyne, ventral view. 35. Same, dorsal view. 36. Male palp, prolateral view. 37. Same, ventral view. 38. Same, retrolateral view. Scale bars: 34 – 38 = 0.50 mm; 39 = 0.25 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/284207/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Figs 36–38</figureCitation>
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||
). In
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C724ED0FF8AFFA2FDABFC4636D0FC46" box="[534,653,926,951]" class="Arachnida" family="Corinnidae" genus="Corinna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="natalis" status="comb. nov.">
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||
<emphasis id="B906E941FF8AFFA2FDABFC4636D0FC46" box="[534,653,926,951]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">M. natalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B906E941FF8AFFA2FD27FC793742FC47" bold="true" box="[666,799,927,951]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A235543AFF8AFFA2FD27FC793742FC47" box="[666,799,927,951]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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||
</emphasis>
|
||
the embolus is shorter, thinner and hidden beneath a sclerotised conductor for most of its length (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE348A2FF8AFFA2FD1FFC2437CFFC2A" author="Haddad" box="[674,914,962,986]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Haddad, C. R. (2005) A redescription of Corinna natalis Pocock, 1898 (Araneae, Corinnidae), Africa's largest dark sac spider, with natural history notes. Journal of Afrotropical Zoology, 2, 27 - 32." type="journal article" year="2005">Haddad 2005: fig. 5</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Regarding size,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C724ED0FF8AFFA2FBD5FC2230B8FC2B" box="[1128,1253,964,987]" class="Arachnida" family="Corinnidae" genus="Messapus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="martini">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906E941FF8AFFA2FBD5FC2230B8FC2B" box="[1128,1253,964,987]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">M. martini</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is considerably smaller (
|
||
<quantity id="4C8A98B6FF8AFFA2FF45FC0035F1FC0E" box="[248,428,998,1022]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.665" metricValueMax="10.48" metricValueMin="6.85" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" unit="mm" value="8.665" valueMax="10.48" valueMin="6.85">6.85–10.48 mm</quantity>
|
||
) than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C724ED0FF8AFFA2FE4FFC0E363EFC0E" box="[498,611,998,1023]" class="Arachnida" family="Corinnidae" genus="Corinna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="natalis" status="comb. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906E941FF8AFFA2FE4FFC0E363EFC0E" box="[498,611,998,1023]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">M. natalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B906E941FF8AFFA2FDD7FC0136B6FC0F" bold="true" box="[618,747,999,1023]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A235543AFF8AFFA2FDD7FC0136B6FC0F" box="[618,747,999,1023]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<quantity id="4C8A98B6FF8AFFA2FD44FC0037F2FC0E" box="[761,943,998,1022]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3975" metricValueMax="1.625" metricValueMin="1.17" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" unit="mm" value="13.975" valueMax="16.25" valueMin="11.7">11.7–16.25 mm</quantity>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36866D8FF8AFFA3FF7AFBED3153FF07" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCD3553FF8AFFA2FF7AFBED36A1FB42" blockId="16.[151,1437,782,2031]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906E941FF8AFFA2FF7AFBED3560FBD3" bold="true" box="[199,317,1035,1059]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Remarks:</emphasis>
|
||
Examination of the female and male
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C98BF1FF8AFFA2FD49FBED370BFBD3" box="[756,854,1035,1059]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C724ED0FF8AFFA2FC3CFBEA37A6FBD3" box="[897,1019,1036,1059]" class="Arachnida" family="Corinnidae" genus="Messapus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="martini">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906E941FF8AFFA2FC3CFBEA37A6FBD3" box="[897,1019,1036,1059]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">M. martini</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and comparison of these specimens with more recently collected material indicates that they belong not only to two different species, but should also be placed in different genera and subfamilies. The female has characteristics shared with members of the Corinninae, especially regarding the broad carapace with raised eye region and bulging chelicerae, and genitalic morphology, while the male has a palp typical of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C724ED0FF8AFFA2FDE9FB7C36A5FB42" box="[596,760,1178,1202]" class="Arachnida" family="Corinnidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Castianeirinae">Castianeirinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCD3553FF8AFFA2FF7AFB59368AF93E" blockId="16.[151,1437,782,2031]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
In the very brief original description of the genus,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE348A2FF8AFFA2FCB7FB5837FBFB26" author="Simon" box="[778,934,1214,1238]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Simon, E. (1898) Histoire naturelle des araignees. Tome 2, Librairie Encyclopedique de Roret, Paris, pp. 193 - 380." type="journal article" year="1898">Simon (1898)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
provides some general characters related to the carapace shape and eye arrangement. He ends the genus description saying “Caetera fere
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C724ED0FF8AFFA2FAB9FB0531D5FB0A" box="[1284,1416,1251,1274]" class="Arachnida" family="Corinnidae" genus="Castianeira" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906E941FF8AFFA2FAB9FB0531D5FB0A" box="[1284,1416,1251,1274]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Castianeira</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
”, meaning “The rest generally as for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C724ED0FF8AFFA2FD94FAE136F0FAEE" box="[553,685,1287,1310]" class="Arachnida" family="Corinnidae" genus="Castianeira" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906E941FF8AFFA2FD94FAE136F0FAEE" box="[553,685,1287,1310]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Castianeira</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
”. In the footnote describing
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C724ED0FF8AFFA2FC48FAEE309AFAEE" authority="Simon" authorityName="Simon" box="[1013,1223,1286,1311]" class="Arachnida" family="Corinnidae" genus="Messapus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="martini">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906E941FF8AFFA2FC48FAEE3033FAEE" box="[1013,1134,1287,1311]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">M. martini</emphasis>
|
||
, Simon
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
indicates a female symbol first, followed by a male symbol. The description then proceeds in two parts, the first giving characteristics of the carapace, abdomen and legs, most notably the presence of three pairs of ventral spines on each of the anterior tibiae and metatarsi. The second part of the description deals with the palpal morphology of the male. Significantly, the leg spination alluded to by Simon is consistent with the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C98BF1FF8AFFA2FCF1FA7137FEFA5F" box="[844,931,1431,1455]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
|
||
female specimen (see redescription below), while the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C98BF1FF8AFFA2FEB8FA5D3501FA23" box="[261,348,1467,1491]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
|
||
male only has two pairs of ventral spines on the anterior tibiae and metatarsi. It would thus seem that the focus of the first part of his description is on the morphology of the female. The similar colouration of the female and male described as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C724ED0FF8AFFA2FE48F9E23632F9EB" box="[501,623,1540,1563]" class="Arachnida" family="Corinnidae" genus="Messapus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="martini">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906E941FF8AFFA2FE48F9E23632F9EB" box="[501,623,1540,1563]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">M. martini</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(compare
|
||
<figureCitation id="134929D6FF8AFFA2FD50F9E4371EF9EA" box="[749,835,1538,1562]" captionStart="FIGURES 27 – 33" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1875,1898]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,739,1852]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[151,1436,739,1854]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 27 – 33. Digital microscope photographs of Messapus martini Simon, 1898 from South Africa (27, 28), M. natalis (Pocock, 1898) from South Africa (29, 30) and Merenius secundus (Strand, 1907) from Tanzania (31 – 33): 27, 29, 31. Female, dorsal habitus. 28, 30. Male, dorsal habitus. 32. Cephalic region of female in dorsal view. 33. Female epigyne in ventral view. Scale bars: 27 – 31 = 2.0 mm, 32 = 0.1 mm, 33 = 0.25 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/284206/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Figs 27</figureCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<figureCitation id="134929D6FF8AFFA2FCC2F9E437C1F9EA" box="[895,924,1538,1562]" captionStart="FIGURES 45 – 61" captionStartId="24.[151,264,1801,1824]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1778]" captionTargetId="figure@24.[151,1436,193,1780]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURES 45 – 61. Digital microscope photographs of Copuetta kakamega sp. nov. (45), C. kwamgumi sp. nov. (46, 47), C. lacustris (Strand, 1907) (48, 49), C. lesnei sp. nov. (50), C. litipo sp. nov. (51), C. lotzi sp. nov. (52, 53), C. magna sp. nov. (54, 55), C. maputa sp. nov. (56, 57), C. naja sp. nov. (58, 59), C. uzungwa sp. nov. (60) and C. wagneri sp. nov. (61): 45, 47, 49, 51, 53, 55, 57, 59. Female habitus, dorsal view. 46, 48, 50, 52, 54, 56, 58, 60, 61. Male habitus, dorsal view. Scale bars = 2.0 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/284210/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">56</figureCitation>
|
||
) lead to the use of more general descriptive characters by Simon, which could be applicable for almost all of the species of cryptic lycosiform
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C724ED0FF8AFFA2FAA5F9C031C5F9CE" box="[1304,1432,1574,1598]" class="Arachnida" family="Corinnidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Corinnidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Thus, the more detailed morphological characters (particularly genitalic) needed for a proper generic diagnosis, and for recognition of which of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C98BF1FF8AFFA2FDF8F98936FAF977" box="[581,679,1647,1671]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
|
||
should maintain nomenclatural priority, are lacking. Had Simon possessed a specimen of the true male of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C724ED0FF8AFFA2FDD0F97236B8F95B" box="[621,741,1684,1707]" class="Arachnida" family="Corinnidae" genus="Messapus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="martini">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906E941FF8AFFA2FDD0F97236B8F95B" box="[621,741,1684,1707]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">M. martini</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(described below), then his opinion of the relationship of the genus to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C724ED0FF8AFFA2FF41F95135DDF93E" box="[252,384,1719,1742]" class="Arachnida" family="Corinnidae" genus="Castianeira" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906E941FF8AFFA2FF41F95135DDF93E" box="[252,384,1719,1742]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Castianeira</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
may have been very different.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCD3553FF8AFFA2FF7AF93C36DEF81F" blockId="16.[151,1437,782,2031]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
According to the description, the label accompanying the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C98BF1FF8AFFA2FCDCF93D379EF903" box="[865,963,1755,1779]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
|
||
and the MNHN database, Simon did not specifically designate a
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C98BF1FF8AFFA2FE09F918364BF8E6" box="[436,534,1790,1814]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
and allotype/
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C98BF1FF8AFFA2FD05F9183744F8E6" box="[696,793,1790,1814]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
specimen. This contrasts from
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE348A2FF8AFFA2FB28F91834ADF8CA" author="Bosselaers" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Bosselaers, J. & Jocque, R. (2000 a) Studies in Corinnidae: transfer of four genera and descriptions of the female of Lessertina mutica Lawrence 1942. Tropical Zoology, 13, 305 - 325. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 03946975.2000.10531138" type="journal article" year="2000" yearSuffix="a">Bosselaers and Jocqué (2000a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, who specified the male as being the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C98BF1FF8AFFA2FD21F8C436A3F8CA" box="[668,766,1826,1850]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
and the female as the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C98BF1FF8AFFA2FBBDF8C53039F8CB" box="[1024,1124,1827,1851]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
. Since the female and male belong to unrelated taxa, the female is here designated as a
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C98BF1FF8AFFA2FC89F8A037C7F8AE" box="[820,922,1862,1886]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
to clarify the definition of the species, in line with Simon’s original description. A new genus of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C724ED0FF8AFFA2FD47F88C37C0F872" box="[762,925,1898,1922]" class="Arachnida" family="Corinnidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Castianeirinae">Castianeirinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C724ED0FF8AFFA2FC11F88D304EF872" box="[940,1043,1899,1922]" class="Arachnida" family="Corinnidae" genus="Copuetta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906E941FF8AFFA2FC11F88D304EF872" box="[940,1043,1899,1922]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Copuetta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B906E941FF8AFFA2FBA2F88D30D0F873" bold="true" box="[1055,1165,1899,1923]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A235543AFF8AFFA2FBA2F88D30D0F873" box="[1055,1165,1899,1923]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, is described below to accommodate the misplaced male
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C98BF1FF8AFFA2FD81F868368EF856" box="[572,723,1934,1958]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="paralectotype">paralectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C724ED0FF8AFFA2FCB7F87637D6F857" box="[778,907,1936,1959]" class="Arachnida" family="Corinnidae" genus="Messapus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="martini">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906E941FF8AFFA2FCB7F87637D6F857" box="[778,907,1936,1959]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">M. martini</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which is described from freshly collected conspecifics as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C724ED0FF8AFFA2FEF5F85535E3F83B" box="[328,446,1971,1995]" class="Arachnida" family="Corinnidae" genus="Copuetta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maputa" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906E941FF8AFFA2FEF5F85535E3F83B" box="[328,446,1971,1995]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">C. maputa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B906E941FF8AFFA2FE78F8553642F83B" bold="true" box="[453,543,1971,1995]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A235543AFF8AFFA2FE78F8553642F83B" box="[453,543,1971,1995]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
The true male of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C724ED0FF8AFFA2FD56F852373EF83B" box="[747,867,1972,1995]" class="Arachnida" family="Corinnidae" genus="Messapus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="martini">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906E941FF8AFFA2FD56F852373EF83B" box="[747,867,1972,1995]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">M. martini</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is described below for the first time, as is the true female corresponding to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C724ED0FF8AFFA2FE13F831367EF81F" box="[430,547,2007,2031]" class="Arachnida" family="Corinnidae" genus="Copuetta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maputa" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906E941FF8AFFA2FE13F831367EF81F" box="[430,547,2007,2031]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">C. maputa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B906E941FF8AFFA2FD97F83136DEF81F" bold="true" box="[554,643,2007,2031]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A235543AFF8AFFA2FD97F83136DEF81F" box="[554,643,2007,2031]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCD3553FF8BFFA3FF7AFF713153FF07" blockId="17.[151,1437,151,2030]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE348A2FF8BFFA3FF7AFF713675FF5F" author="Bosselaers" box="[199,552,151,175]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refString="Bosselaers, J. & Jocque, R. (2000 a) Studies in Corinnidae: transfer of four genera and descriptions of the female of Lessertina mutica Lawrence 1942. Tropical Zoology, 13, 305 - 325. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 03946975.2000.10531138" type="journal article" year="2000" yearSuffix="a">Bosselaers and Jocqué (2000a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
transferred
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C724ED0FF8BFFA3FD0EFF7F377FFF40" box="[691,802,153,176]" class="Arachnida" family="Corinnidae" genus="Messapus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906E941FF8BFFA3FD0EFF7F377FFF40" box="[691,802,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Messapus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C724ED0FF8BFFA3FC28FF713046FF5F" box="[917,1051,151,175]" class="Arachnida" family="Liocranidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Liocranidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
to the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C724ED0FF8BFFA3FBD3FF7130B2FF5F" box="[1134,1263,151,175]" class="Arachnida" family="Corinnidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Corinnidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C724ED0FF8BFFA3FB41FF7131C1FF5F" box="[1276,1436,151,175]" class="Arachnida" family="Corinnidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Castianeirinae">Castianeirinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
based on their assumption that the male
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C98BF1FF8BFFA3FDEAFF5B36F3FF25" box="[599,686,189,213]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
|
||
was the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C98BF1FF8BFFA3FCADFF5A372BFF24" box="[784,886,188,212]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
. Based on the redescription of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C724ED0FF8BFFA3FB71FF5B3119FF24" box="[1228,1348,189,212]" class="Arachnida" family="Corinnidae" genus="Messapus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="martini">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906E941FF8BFFA3FB71FF5B3119FF24" box="[1228,1348,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">M. martini</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and the designation of the female as the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C98BF1FF8BFFA3FDBCFF393636FF07" box="[513,619,223,247]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, the genus is here transferred to the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C724ED0FF8BFFA3FC43FF393022FF07" box="[1022,1151,223,247]" class="Arachnida" family="Corinnidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Corinnidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
: Corinninae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36866D8FF8BFFA0FF7AFEE23698FDAF" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCD3553FF8BFFA3FF7AFEE23012FE94" blockId="17.[151,1437,151,2030]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906E941FF8BFFA3FF7AFEE23778FEEC" bold="true" box="[199,805,259,284]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Female (Groenkloof, NCA 88/892). Measurements:</emphasis>
|
||
CL 4.18, CW 3.50, AL 6.40, AW 3.65, TL 10.48 (8.28– 10.48), FL 0.65, SL 2.20, SW 2.15, AME–AME 0.10, AME–ALE 0.05, ALE–ALE 0.80, PME–PME 0.22, PME– PLE 0.20, PLE–PLE 1.10,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36575C3FF8BFFA3FE7BFEAB364FFE94" box="[454,530,333,356]" name="Peru" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">PERW</collectingCountry>
|
||
1.37, MOQAW 0.69, MOQPW 0.70, MOQL 0.81.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCD3553FF8BFFA3FF2AFE89351EFE3F" blockId="17.[151,1437,151,2030]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Length of leg segments (sequence from femur to tarsus, and total): I 3.70 + 1.75 + 2.90 + 2.80 + 1.70 = 12.85; II 3.58 + 1.72 + 2.70 + 2.78 + 1.60 = 12.38; III 3.60 + 1.70 + 2.80 + 3.60 + 1.55 = 13.25; IV 4.40 + 1.75 + 3.60 + 4.60 + 1.70 = 16.05.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCD3553FF8BFFA3FF7AFE3A37A4FA73" blockId="17.[151,1437,151,2030]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
General appearance as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="134929D6FF8BFFA3FE4BFE3A3662FE04" box="[502,575,476,500]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 6" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1473,1496]" captionTargetBox="[172,1415,191,1446]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[172,1416,191,1446]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 6. General habitus photographs of Messapus martini Simon, 1898 (1 – 3) and M. natalis (Pocock, 1898) (4 – 6) from Ndumo Game Reserve, South Africa: 1, 4. Females. 2, 5. Males. 3, 6. Retreats. Arrows indicate anchor lines of retreats." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/284202/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Figs 1</figureCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<figureCitation id="134929D6FF8BFFA3FDC0FE3A36C1FE04" box="[637,668,476,500]" captionStart="FIGURES 27 – 33" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1875,1898]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,739,1852]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[151,1436,739,1854]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 27 – 33. Digital microscope photographs of Messapus martini Simon, 1898 from South Africa (27, 28), M. natalis (Pocock, 1898) from South Africa (29, 30) and Merenius secundus (Strand, 1907) from Tanzania (31 – 33): 27, 29, 31. Female, dorsal habitus. 28, 30. Male, dorsal habitus. 32. Cephalic region of female in dorsal view. 33. Female epigyne in ventral view. Scale bars: 27 – 31 = 2.0 mm, 32 = 0.1 mm, 33 = 0.25 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/284206/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">27</figureCitation>
|
||
. Carapace broad, yellow-brown in cephalic region, yellow-orange medially, creamy-yellow around margins, eye region grey; faint black line from PER to fovea along midline; faint black mediolateral markings with serrated margins from PER, meeting medially at fovea; striae orange-brown with faint black mottling, radiating from fovea, directed between coxae; lateral margins without markings. AER slightly procurved, medians larger than laterals; AME separated by distance equal to ½ their diameter; AME separated from ALE by distance slightly less than 1⁄5 AME diameter; clypeus height slightly less than AME diameter; PER slightly procurved, laterals very slightly larger than medians; PME separated by distance slightly larger than 4⁄5 their diameter; PME separated from PLE by distance slightly larger than ¾ PME diameter; CW:
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36575C3FF8BFFA3FB63FD053173FD0B" box="[1246,1326,739,763]" name="Peru" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">PERW</collectingCountry>
|
||
= 2.55:1. Chelicerae orange-brown; chilum single; promargin with three teeth, distal tooth smallest, median tooth largest; proximal and median teeth separated by ½ basal width of proximal tooth, median and distal teeth adjacent; retromargin with two teeth separated by basal width of proximal tooth, distal tooth slightly larger, close to fang base. Endites yellow-brown, cream prolaterally distally; labium approximately 1½ times broader than long, yellow-brown, cream distally; sternum cream, pale yellow-brown around margins; intercoxal sclerites absent. Legs with yellow-orange femora, patellae and tibiae, and orange metatarsi and tarsi; all segments with dense mottling comprising black feathery setae and scattered patches of white feathery setae; femora with asetose retrolateral streaks and ventral median rows of erect setae. Leg spination: femora: I pl 2 do 3-4, II pl 2 do 3, III pl 2-3 do 3 rl 2, IV pl 2 do 3 rl 1; all femora with row of erect setae ventrally, decreasing in length distally and from femora I to IV; patellae: III do 1, IV do 1; tibiae: I pl 2 plv 3 rlv 3, II pl 2 plv 3 rlv 3, III pl 2 do 1 rl 2 plv 2 rlv 2 vt 3, IV pl 2 do 1 rl 2 plv 2 rlv 2 vt 3; metatarsi: I plv 2 rlv 2 vt 2, II pl 1 plv 2 rlv 2 vt 2, III pl 2 rl 2 plv 2 rlv 2 vt 3, IV pl 2 rl 2 plv 2 rlv 2 vt 3; palpal spination: femora: pl 1 do 2, with more than 10 erect ventral setae, longer and thicker on retrolateral side; patellae: pl 1 do 2; tibiae: pl 2 plv 1; tarsi: pl 1 plv 1. Abdomen without dorsal scutum, two pairs of faint sigilla present; dorsum creamy-grey, darker at spinnerets; venter cream; inframamillary sclerite tiny, cream and indistinct. Female epigyne with strongly sclerotised horse-shoe shaped ridges, with anterior median copulatory openings (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134929D6FF8BFFA3FEB3FAC5353BFACB" box="[270,358,1315,1339]" captionStart="FIGURES 34 – 39" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1949,1972]" captionTargetBox="[208,1365,671,1912]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[181,1405,633,1930]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 34 – 39. Genitalic morphology of Messapus martini Simon, 1898 (34 – 38) and Merenius secundus (Strand, 1907) (39): 34, 39. Female epigyne, ventral view. 35. Same, dorsal view. 36. Male palp, prolateral view. 37. Same, ventral view. 38. Same, retrolateral view. Scale bars: 34 – 38 = 0.50 mm; 39 = 0.25 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/284207/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 34</figureCitation>
|
||
); copulatory ducts short and broad, initially directed retrolaterally and posteriorly, with sharp lateral bend before entering anterior ST II; ST II subtriangular with “nipple” on anterior margin, broader laterally than medially, connected broadly to elongate median posterior ST I (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134929D6FF8BFFA3FC25FA8D37B6FA73" box="[920,1003,1387,1411]" captionStart="FIGURES 34 – 39" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1949,1972]" captionTargetBox="[208,1365,671,1912]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[181,1405,633,1930]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 34 – 39. Genitalic morphology of Messapus martini Simon, 1898 (34 – 38) and Merenius secundus (Strand, 1907) (39): 34, 39. Female epigyne, ventral view. 35. Same, dorsal view. 36. Male palp, prolateral view. 37. Same, ventral view. 38. Same, retrolateral view. Scale bars: 34 – 38 = 0.50 mm; 39 = 0.25 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/284207/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 35</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCD3553FF8BFFA3FF7AFA693012FA1F" blockId="17.[151,1437,151,2030]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906E941FF8BFFA3FF7AFA6936ABFA57" bold="true" box="[199,758,1422,1447]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Male (Pretoria, NCA 97/692). Measurements:</emphasis>
|
||
CL 4.60, CW 3.80, AL 5.60, AW 3.30, TL 10.08 (6.85– 10.08), FL 0.63, SL 2.35, SW 2.20, AME–AME 0.13, AME–ALE 0.05, ALE–ALE 0.73, PME–PME 0.20, PME– PLE 0.17, PLE–PLE 1.05,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36575C3FF8BFFA3FE7BFA3E364FFA1F" box="[454,530,1496,1519]" name="Peru" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">PERW</collectingCountry>
|
||
1.32, MOQAW 0.68, MOQPW 0.69, MOQL 0.76.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCD3553FF8BFFA3FF7AFA1D3526F9AB" blockId="17.[151,1437,151,2030]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Length of leg segments (sequence from femur to tarsus, and total): I 3.98 + 1.90 + 3.05 + 3.10 + 1.85 = 13.88; II 3.80 + 1.80 + 3.00 + 3.00 + 1.70 = 13.30; III 3.90 + 1.68 + 2.92 + 3.70 + 1.75 = 13.95; IV 4.60 + 1.80 + 3.60 + 4.80 + 1.70 = 16.50.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCD3553FF8BFFA0FF7AF9813698FDAF" blockId="17.[151,1437,151,2030]" lastBlockId="18.[151,1436,151,607]" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
General appearance as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="134929D6FF8BFFA3FE4FF9813667F98F" box="[498,570,1639,1663]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 6" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1473,1496]" captionTargetBox="[172,1415,191,1446]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[172,1416,191,1446]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 6. General habitus photographs of Messapus martini Simon, 1898 (1 – 3) and M. natalis (Pocock, 1898) (4 – 6) from Ndumo Game Reserve, South Africa: 1, 4. Females. 2, 5. Males. 3, 6. Retreats. Arrows indicate anchor lines of retreats." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/284202/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Figs 2</figureCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<figureCitation id="134929D6FF8BFFA3FDCBF98136C8F98F" box="[630,661,1639,1663]" captionStart="FIGURES 27 – 33" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1875,1898]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,739,1852]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[151,1436,739,1854]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 27 – 33. Digital microscope photographs of Messapus martini Simon, 1898 from South Africa (27, 28), M. natalis (Pocock, 1898) from South Africa (29, 30) and Merenius secundus (Strand, 1907) from Tanzania (31 – 33): 27, 29, 31. Female, dorsal habitus. 28, 30. Male, dorsal habitus. 32. Cephalic region of female in dorsal view. 33. Female epigyne in ventral view. Scale bars: 27 – 31 = 2.0 mm, 32 = 0.1 mm, 33 = 0.25 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/284206/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">28</figureCitation>
|
||
. Carapace dark orange-brown with faint black mottling in cephalic region, bright orange medially and yellow-orange posteriorly and laterally, eye region dark, nearly black; markings and striae as for female. AER slightly procurved, medians larger than laterals; AME separated by distance slightly larger than 2⁄5 their diameter; AME separated from ALE by distance slightly less than 1⁄5 AME diameter; clypeus height slightly less than AME diameter; PER slightly procurved, laterals very slightly larger than medians; PME separated by distance equal to ¾ their diameter; PME separated from PLE by distance slightly less than ½ PME diameter; CW:
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36575C3FF8BFFA3FE84F8A235D5F8AC" box="[313,392,1860,1884]" name="Peru" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">PERW</collectingCountry>
|
||
= 2.88:1. Chelicerae dark orange-brown with black mottling; chilum single; promargin with three teeth, distal tooth smallest, median tooth largest; proximal and median teeth separated by ½ basal width of proximal tooth, median and distal teeth with shared base (bifid); retromargin with two teeth separated by basal width of proximal tooth, distal tooth slightly larger, close to fang base. Endites dark yellow-brown, cream prolaterally distally; labium 1½ times broader than long, dark yellow-brown, paler distally; sternum creamyyellow, yellow-brown around margins; intercoxal sclerites absent. Colouration, markings and setae on legs as for female. Leg spination: femora: I pl 2 do 3, II pl 2 do 3, III pl 3 do 3 rl 2-3, IV pl 2 do 3 rl 1; all femora with row of erect setae ventrally, decreasing in length distally and from femora I to IV; patellae: III do 1, IV do 1; tibiae: I pl 1 plv 3 rlv 3, II pl 2 plv 3 rlv 3, III pl 2 do 1 rl 2 plv 2 rlv 2 vt 2, IV pl 2 do 1 rl 2 plv 2 rlv 2 vt 2; metatarsi: I plv 2 rlv 2 vt 2, II pl 1 plv 2 rlv 2 vt 2, III pl 2 rl 2 plv 2 rlv 2 vt 3, IV pl 2 rl 2 plv 2 rlv 2 vt 3; palp: femur pl 1 do 2, patella pl 1 do 2, tibia pl 1 plv 1; palpal femur with two rows of erect setae ventrally, rl row longer and thicker. Abdomen with yellow dorsal scutum extending to ½ abdomen length, with two pairs of faint sigilla; dorsum creamy-grey, slightly darker posteriorly; venter cream, medially with paired row of tiny yellow sclerites; inframamillary sclerite small and yellow. Male palpal femora and patellae bright yellow; tibiae yellow proximally, red medially and black at tibial apophyses; cymbium black, tegulum deep red with dark red-brown ducts; palpal tibiae with large, flat subtriangular retrolateral ventral apophysis and hook-like retrolateral apophysis with lobate proximal projection; tegulum large and oval, subtegulum projecting pro- and retrolaterally, with curved transverse embolus originating prolaterally at distal end of tegulum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134929D6FF88FFA0FD8BFDA136E4FDAF" box="[566,697,583,607]" captionStart="FIGURES 34 – 39" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1949,1972]" captionTargetBox="[208,1365,671,1912]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[181,1405,633,1930]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 34 – 39. Genitalic morphology of Messapus martini Simon, 1898 (34 – 38) and Merenius secundus (Strand, 1907) (39): 34, 39. Female epigyne, ventral view. 35. Same, dorsal view. 36. Male palp, prolateral view. 37. Same, ventral view. 38. Same, retrolateral view. Scale bars: 34 – 38 = 0.50 mm; 39 = 0.25 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/284207/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Figs 36–38</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF0D65DBFF88FFA0FF2AF87B3704F801" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/284207/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" targetBox="[208,1365,671,1912]" targetPageId="18">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCD3553FF88FFA0FF2AF87B3704F801" blockId="18.[151,1436,1949,2033]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906E941FF88FFA0FF2AF87B350BF843" bold="true" box="[151,342,1949,1972]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">FIGURES 34–39.</emphasis>
|
||
Genitalic morphology of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C724ED0FF88FFA0FDDAF87937F6F843" authority="Simon, 1898" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1898" box="[615,939,1950,1972]" class="Arachnida" family="Corinnidae" genus="Messapus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="martini">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906E941FF88FFA0FDDAF8793743F844" box="[615,798,1951,1972]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Messapus martini</emphasis>
|
||
Simon, 1898
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(34–38) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C724ED0FF88FFA0FB87F87931C1F844" authority="Strand, 1907" authorityName="Strand" authorityYear="1907" box="[1082,1436,1950,1972]" class="Arachnida" family="Corinnidae" genus="Merenius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="secundus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906E941FF88FFA0FB87F87930A2F844" box="[1082,1279,1950,1972]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Merenius secundus</emphasis>
|
||
(Strand, 1907)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(39): 34, 39. Female epigyne, ventral view. 35. Same, dorsal view. 36. Male palp, prolateral view. 37. Same, ventral view. 38. Same, retrolateral view. Scale bars: 34–38 = 0.50 mm; 39 = 0.25 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36866D8FF89FFA1FF7AFF713125FD61" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCD3553FF89FFA1FF7AFF713125FD61" blockId="19.[151,1436,151,863]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906E941FF89FFA1FF7AFF713714FF40" bold="true" box="[199,841,151,176]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
Additional material examined:
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36575C3FF89FFA1FDE3FF713719FF40" box="[606,836,151,176]" name="South Africa" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">SOUTH AFRICA</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B906E941FF89FFA1FCE6FF7E37E6FF5F" box="[859,955,152,175]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Gauteng</emphasis>
|
||
: Groenkloof Nature Reserve [
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE465394FF89FFA1FA86FF7131C5FF5F" box="[1339,1432,151,175]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" precision="925" value="-25.783333">25°47'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE465394FF89FFA1FF2AFF5C34AEFF22" box="[151,243,186,210]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" precision="925" value="28.183332">28°11'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
], leg. M. Filmer,
|
||
<date id="FFCC1393FF89FFA1FE02FF5C3663FF22" box="[447,574,186,210]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" value="1988-03-20">20.III.1988</date>
|
||
(on ground among rocks), 1Ƥ (NCA 88/892); Pretoria [
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE465394FF89FFA1FB75FF5C3179FF22" box="[1224,1316,186,210]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" precision="925" value="-25.75">25°45'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE465394FF89FFA1FA8FFF5C31CDFF22" box="[1330,1424,186,210]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" precision="925" value="28.166666">28°10'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
], leg. B. Sunkel,
|
||
<date id="FFCC1393FF89FFA1FEF9FF3A35EFFF04" box="[324,434,220,244]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" value="2001-04-03">3.IV.2001</date>
|
||
(in house), 13 (NCA 2004/422); Pretoria, Agricultural Building [
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE465394FF89FFA1FB24FF3A30A8FF04" box="[1177,1269,220,244]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" precision="925" value="-25.733334">25°44'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE465394FF89FFA1FABFFF3A3102FF04" box="[1282,1375,220,244]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" precision="925" value="28.2">28°12'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
], leg. B. Sunkel,
|
||
<date id="FFCC1393FF89FFA1FEABFF1935DCFEE7" box="[278,385,255,279]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" value="1997-01-20">20.I.1997</date>
|
||
(in building), 13 (NCA 97/692); Pretoria, Wonderboom South [
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE465394FF89FFA1FBE3FF1930E7FEE7" box="[1118,1210,255,279]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" precision="925" value="-25.683332">25°41'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE465394FF89FFA1FB7AFF193179FEE7" box="[1223,1316,255,279]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" precision="925" value="28.2">28°12'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
], leg. A.S. Dippenaar,
|
||
<date id="FFCC1393FF89FFA1FEA4FEC735C9FEC9" box="[281,404,289,313]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" value="1975-04-15">15.IV.1975</date>
|
||
(on ground), 1Ƥ (NCA 76/1180).
|
||
<emphasis id="B906E941FF89FFA1FCA5FEC7379BFEC9" box="[792,966,289,313]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">KwaZulu-Natal</emphasis>
|
||
: Charter's Creek, Lake St Lucia,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE465394FF89FFA1FA80FEC731C5FEC9" box="[1341,1432,289,313]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" precision="925" value="-28.2">28°12'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE465394FF89FFA1FF2AFEA234AEFEAC" box="[151,243,324,348]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" precision="925" value="32.433334">32°26'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, leg. J. Doyen & C. & T. Griswold,
|
||
<date id="FFCC1393FF89FFA1FD39FEA23773FEAC" box="[644,814,324,348]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" value="1985-11-19" valueMax="1985-11-21" valueMin="1985-11-19">19–21.XI.1985</date>
|
||
(forest), 23 (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED63AD96FF89FFA1FC78FEA23045FEAC" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" box="[965,1048,324,348]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" name="KwaZulu-Natal Museum" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">NMSA</collectionCode>
|
||
22039); Hluhluwe Game Reserve, Campsite [
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE465394FF89FFA1FEB2FE803536FE8E" box="[271,363,358,382]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" precision="925" value="-28.083334">28°05'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE465394FF89FFA1FECBFE803589FE8E" box="[374,468,358,382]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" precision="925" value="32.033333">32°02'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
], leg. A. Honiball,
|
||
<date id="FFCC1393FF89FFA1FD14FE803775FE8E" box="[681,808,358,382]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" value="2006-04-30">30.IV.2006</date>
|
||
, 13 (NCA 2007/2930); Ingwavuma [
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE465394FF89FFA1FB77FE80317AFE8E" box="[1226,1319,358,382]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" precision="925" value="-27.116667">27°07'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE465394FF89FFA1FA8FFE8031CDFE8E" box="[1330,1424,358,382]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" precision="925" value="31.983334">31°59'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
], leg. R.F. Lawrence,
|
||
<date id="FFCC1393FF89FFA1FE39FE6E3643FE50" box="[388,542,392,416]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" value="1951-07-13">VII.1951, 13</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED63AD96FF89FFA1FD8DFE6E36DEFE50" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" box="[560,643,392,416]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" name="KwaZulu-Natal Museum" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">NMSA</collectionCode>
|
||
5589); iSimangaliso Wetlands Park, Hell's Gate, Block A,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE465394FF89FFA1FA86FE6E31CAFE50" box="[1339,1431,392,416]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" precision="555" value="-28.0">28.00°S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE465394FF89FFA1FF2AFE4D34A9FE33" box="[151,244,427,451]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" precision="555" value="32.48">32.48°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, leg. J. Esterhuizen,
|
||
<date id="FFCC1393FF89FFA1FE57FE4D363DFE33" box="[490,608,427,451]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" value="2004-10-20">20.X.2004</date>
|
||
(tsetse fly traps), 13 (NCA 2010/253); same locality, Block B, leg. J. Esterhuizen,
|
||
<date id="FFCC1393FF89FFA1FE97FE2B35FBFE15" box="[298,422,461,485]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" value="2004-12-06">6.XII.2004</date>
|
||
(tsetse fly traps), 13 (NCA 2010/274); Ndumo Game Reserve, Southern shore of Hotwe Pan,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE465394FF89FFA1FF6EFE093502FDF7" box="[211,351,495,519]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" precision="1" value="-26.878834">26°52.730'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE465394FF89FFA1FED3FE0935A6FDF7" box="[366,507,495,519]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" precision="1" value="32.307533">32°18.452'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, leg. C. Haddad,
|
||
<date id="FFCC1393FF89FFA1FD72FE093768FDF7" box="[719,821,495,519]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" value="2005-02-07">7.II.2005</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C724ED0FF89FFA1FCF7FE163061FDF8" box="[842,1084,496,520]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Acacia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="xanthophloea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906E941FF89FFA1FCF7FE163061FDF8" box="[842,1084,496,520]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Acacia xanthophloea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
bark), 1Ƥ (NCA 2008/2910); same locality, Shokwe Pan,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE465394FF89FFA1FE60FDF43635FDDA" box="[477,616,530,554]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" precision="1" value="-26.873734">26°52.424'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE465394FF89FFA1FDCBFDF4375EFDDA" box="[630,771,530,554]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" precision="1" value="32.210865">32°12.652'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4C8A98B6FF89FFA1FCAFFDF4371EFDDA" box="[786,835,530,554]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.3" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="m" value="43.0">43m</quantity>
|
||
a.s.l., leg. C. Haddad, V. Swart & A. Kirk-Spriggs,
|
||
<date id="FFCC1393FF89FFA1FF2AFDD2354CFDBC" box="[151,273,564,588]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" value="2009-12-02">2.XII.2009</date>
|
||
(canopy fogging,
|
||
<emphasis id="B906E941FF89FFA1FE48FDD336E8FDBD" box="[501,693,565,589]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C724ED0FF89FFA1FE48FDD33615FDBD" box="[501,584,565,589]" class="Arachnida" family="Corinnidae" genus="Fuchibotulus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="19" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kigelia">Kigelia</taxonomicName>
|
||
africana
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
), 1Ƥ (NCA 2010/2748).
|
||
<emphasis id="B906E941FF89FFA1FC52FDD330D9FDBD" box="[1007,1156,565,589]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Mpumulanga</emphasis>
|
||
: Badplaas,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE465394FF89FFA1FAAAFDD231CAFDBC" box="[1303,1431,564,588]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" precision="15" value="-25.950834">25°57'03''S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE465394FF89FFA1FF2AFDB13544FD9F" box="[151,281,599,623]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" precision="15" value="30.566668">30°34'00''E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4C8A98B6FF89FFA1FE9AFDB1352EFD9F" box="[295,371,599,623]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="m" value="1100.0">1100m</quantity>
|
||
a.s.l., leg. D. & S. Ubick,
|
||
<date id="FFCC1393FF89FFA1FD16FDB1370EFD9F" box="[683,851,599,623]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" value="2001-03-26" valueMax="2001-03-29" valueMin="2001-03-26">26–29.III.2001</date>
|
||
(at night, in litter under riparian trees), 1Ƥ (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED63AD96FF89FFA1FAE9FDB131CDFD9F" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34700" box="[1364,1424,599,623]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15690" name="California Academy of Sciences" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">CAS</collectionCode>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="B906E941FF89FFA1FF2AFD9F354EFD62" bold="true" box="[151,275,633,658]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36575C3FF89FFA1FF2AFD9F3552FD62" box="[151,271,633,658]" name="Zambia" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">ZAMBIA</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Luangwa Valley [
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE465394FF89FFA1FE5DFD9F3667FD61" box="[480,570,633,657]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" precision="925" value="-14.25">14°15'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE465394FF89FFA1FDFAFD9F36F9FD61" box="[583,676,633,657]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" precision="925" value="31.083334">31°05'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
], leg. A.S. Dippenaar,
|
||
<date id="FFCC1393FF89FFA1FC1FFD9F307BFD61" box="[930,1062,633,657]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" value="1978-08-01">1.VIII.1978</date>
|
||
(grass), 13 (NCA 2000/375).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36866D8FF89FFA1FF7AFD7D3123FD44" box="[199,1406,667,692]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCD3553FF89FFA1FF7AFD7D3123FD44" blockId="19.[151,1436,151,863]" box="[199,1406,667,692]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906E941FF89FFA1FF7AFD7D353FFD44" bold="true" box="[199,354,667,692]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Distribution:</emphasis>
|
||
Gauteng, KwaZulu-Natal and Mpumulanga Provinces in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36575C3FF89FFA1FC56FD7A3023FD44" box="[1003,1150,668,692]" name="South Africa" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36575C3FF89FFA1FB05FD7A3150FD44" box="[1208,1293,668,692]" name="Zambia" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Zambia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="134929D6FF89FFA1FAA0FD7A312CFD44" box="[1309,1393,668,692]" captionStart="FIGURE 40" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1978,2001]" captionTargetBox="[238,1340,757,1940]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[238,1355,757,1953]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 40. Distribution of Messapus martini Simon, 1898 (black circles), M. natalis (Pocock, 1898) (white circles) and Merenius secundus (Strand, 1907) (black star) in the Afrotropical Region." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/284208/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 40</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36866D8FF89FFA1FF7AFD583622FCAF" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCD3553FF89FFA1FF7AFD583622FCAF" blockId="19.[151,1436,151,863]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906E941FF89FFA1FF7AFD583577FD27" bold="true" box="[199,298,702,727]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Biology:</emphasis>
|
||
This species shows contrasting habits and has been collected from the soil surface, tree bark and tree canopies. The two specimens photographed live (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134929D6FF89FFA1FD03FD06377CFD08" box="[702,801,736,760]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 6" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1473,1496]" captionTargetBox="[172,1415,191,1446]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[172,1416,191,1446]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 6. General habitus photographs of Messapus martini Simon, 1898 (1 – 3) and M. natalis (Pocock, 1898) (4 – 6) from Ndumo Game Reserve, South Africa: 1, 4. Females. 2, 5. Males. 3, 6. Retreats. Arrows indicate anchor lines of retreats." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/284202/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Figs 1, 2</figureCitation>
|
||
) were actively hunting on bark at night. Both sexes were collected from dense silk retreats constructed in the fissures of bark of mature large trees (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134929D6FF89FFA1FB3EFCE5309AFCEB" box="[1155,1223,771,795]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 6" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1473,1496]" captionTargetBox="[172,1415,191,1446]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[172,1416,191,1446]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 6. General habitus photographs of Messapus martini Simon, 1898 (1 – 3) and M. natalis (Pocock, 1898) (4 – 6) from Ndumo Game Reserve, South Africa: 1, 4. Females. 2, 5. Males. 3, 6. Retreats. Arrows indicate anchor lines of retreats." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/284202/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
). There are several attachment lines to the substrate above the retreat as well as slits at the bottom and top ends of the retreat through which the spiders apparently enter and exit.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |