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<document id="FC701C79F7E3BBE4798C7569DAFCAF7C" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.2561.1.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5304193" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1629687123877" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Monniot, Françoise" docDate="2010" docId="03DB1648FFB1373A8B82FF67FA4CC038" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02561p029.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2561 (1)" docSource="https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2561.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Didemnum nocturnum Monniot &amp; Monniot 1999" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="8" masterDocId="FFE26E30FFB7373D8B15FFF0FFD9C21F" masterDocTitle="Some new data on tropical western Pacific Ascidians" masterLastPageNumber="29" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="7" updateTime="1699096324674" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:titleInfo id="0F0FAD8193E0C6B884E0C886D01E4B31">
<mods:title id="9FC30CB9E9EFF885720A9D6930C61009">Some new data on tropical western Pacific Ascidians</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="DAA5E3454C566B929E28F8FA79ACE127">Monniot, Françoise</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="71306E727AFAC85C46A9AC769DEE2BA4">2010</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="4755B7FC7037BCB5433E543F90CD5880">2010-08-09</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="4DB92846D4D6CE6F022F1ED6A5CBECEE">https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2561.1.1</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="D6E59C0CC3715B213B48BDD7E13E4B58">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="A6C50E75DF698F0D2B5D769856FFC45B" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.2561.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03DB1648FFB1373A8B82FF67FA4CC038" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DB1648FFB1373A8B82FF67FA4CC038" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DB1648FFB1373A8B82FF67FA4CC038" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<subSubSection id="C368F4D5FFB1373B8B82FF67FD23C2AE" box="[151,762,151,177]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BCDA75EFFB1373B8B82FF67FD23C2AE" blockId="6.[151,762,151,212]" box="[151,762,151,177]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<heading id="D0851032FFB1373B8B82FF67FD23C2AE" bold="true" box="[151,762,151,177]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C72DCDDFFB1373B8B82FF67FD23C2AE" ID-CoL="35WS8" authority="Monniot &amp; Monniot, 1999" authorityName="Monniot &amp; Monniot" authorityYear="1999" box="[151,762,151,177]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nocturnum">
<emphasis id="B9067B4CFFB1373B8B82FF67FD23C2AE" bold="true" box="[151,762,151,177]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<emphasis id="B9067B4CFFB1373B8B82FF67FE75C2AE" bold="true" box="[151,428,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Didemnum nocturnum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE3DAAFFFB1373B8AA1FF67FD23C2AE" author="Monniot, F. &amp; Monniot, C." box="[436,762,151,177]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="1 - 35" refId="ref11912" refString="Monniot, F. &amp; Monniot, C. (1999) Ascidians collected in Tanzania. Journal of East African Natural History 86, 1 - 35." type="journal article" year="1999">Monniot &amp; Monniot, 1999</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C368F4D5FFB1373B8B82FF4AFEE6C2CB" box="[151,319,186,212]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BCDA75EFFB1373B8B82FF4AFEE6C2CB" blockId="6.[151,762,151,212]" box="[151,319,186,212]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
(
<figureCitation id="1349BBDBFFB1373B8B8AFF4AFEC3C2CB" box="[159,282,186,212]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="6.[151,255,1848,1872]" captionTargetBox="[264,1322,455,1816]" captionTargetId="figure-138@6.[254,1332,447,1826]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 7. A: Didemnum nocturnum. B: Didemnum parau. C: Didemnum rodriguesi. D: Lissoclinum bistratum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5304201" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5304201/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Figure 7A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1349BBDBFFB1373B8A32FF4AFEEFC2CB" box="[295,310,186,212]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="8.[151,255,929,953]" captionTargetBox="[448,1118,184,907]" captionTargetId="figure-351@8.[448,1137,174,911]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 9. Didemnum nocturnum: A: thorax, B: abdomen. Scale bar 0.5mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5304203" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5304203/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">9</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C368F4D5FFB1373B8B82FEF5FC16C303" box="[151,975,261,284]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BCDA75EFFB1373B8B82FEF5FC16C303" blockId="6.[151,975,261,284]" box="[151,975,261,284]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<taxonomicName id="4C72DCDDFFB1373B8B82FEF5FCDDC303" ID-CoL="35WS8" authority="Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 1999: 7" authorityName="Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C." authorityPageNumber="7" authorityYear="1999" box="[151,772,261,284]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nocturnum">
<emphasis id="B9067B4CFFB1373B8B82FEF5FE5CC303" box="[151,389,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Didemnum nocturnum</emphasis>
Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 1999: 7
</taxonomicName>
<figureCitation id="1349BBDBFFB1373B881EFEF5FC97C303" box="[779,846,261,284]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="5.[151,255,1992,2016]" captionTargetBox="[298,1285,1366,1965]" captionTargetId="figure-212@5.[294,1292,1355,1969]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 6. Didemnum biglutinum: A: abdomen, B: thorax, C: larva. Scale bars: A=0.2mm, B–C=0.5mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5304199" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5304199/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Figs 6</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1349BBDBFFB1373B884FFEF5FCA4C303" box="[858,893,261,284]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="6.[151,255,1848,1872]" captionTargetBox="[264,1322,455,1816]" captionTargetId="figure-138@6.[254,1332,447,1826]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 7. A: Didemnum nocturnum. B: Didemnum parau. C: Didemnum rodriguesi. D: Lissoclinum bistratum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5304201" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5304201/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">7A</figureCitation>
, pl. 1C.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C368F4D5FFB1373A8B82FEBAFA4CC038" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BCDA75EFFB1373B8B82FEBAFC3EC395" blockId="6.[151,1435,330,394]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<materialsCitation id="3B1AAD03FFB1373B8B82FEBAFC3DC395" collectingDate="2008-09-24" collectionCode="MNHN, DID" collectorName="Coral Reef Research Foundation" country="Palau" elevation="30" latitude="2.8730001" location="Material." longLatPrecision="13" longitude="131.73567" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" specimenCode="A2, C 602" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Material.">
<emphasis id="B9067B4CFFB1373B8B82FEBAFED4C37B" bold="true" box="[151,269,330,356]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<collectingRegion id="49B669BCFFB1373B8B82FEBAFED4C37B" box="[151,269,330,356]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Material.</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
coll.
<collectorName id="2687C288FFB1373B8A46FEBAFD06C37B" box="[339,735,330,356]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Coral Reef Research Foundation</collectorName>
,
<emphasis id="B9067B4CFFB1373B89F9FEBAFCEDC37B" bold="true" box="[748,820,330,356]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<collectingCountry id="F365E7CEFFB1373B89F9FEBAFCEDC37B" box="[748,820,330,356]" name="Palau" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Palau</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
, Southwest Isls, Helen Reef channel,
<geoCoordinate id="EE46C199FFB1373B8E14FEBAFA52C37B" box="[1281,1419,330,356]" degrees="02" direction="north" minutes="52.38" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" precision="9" value="2.8730001">02°52.38’N</geoCoordinate>
–
<geoCoordinate id="EE46C199FFB1373B8B82FE80FEF6C395" box="[151,303,368,394]" degrees="131" direction="east" minutes="44.14" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" precision="9" value="131.73567">131°44.14’E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4C8A0ABBFFB1373B8A2FFE80FEABC395" box="[314,370,368,394]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="m" value="30.0">
<elevation id="005F406DFFB1373B8A2FFE80FEABC395" box="[314,370,368,394]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="m" value="30.0">30m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="FFCC819EFFB1373B8A68FE80FDDEC395" box="[381,519,368,394]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="2008-09-24">
<collectingDate id="EF887876FFB1373B8A68FE80FDDEC395" box="[381,519,368,394]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="2008-09-24">24/IX/2008</collectingDate>
</date>
, 0CDN 9889-J (
<collectionCode id="ED633F9BFFB1373B89D3FE80FCF8C395" box="[710,801,368,394]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">MNHN</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="DBD40F25FFB1373B883DFE80FC95C395" box="[808,844,368,394]" collectionCode="MNHN" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">A2</specimenCode>
<collectionCode id="ED633F9BFFB1373B8841FE80FC55C395" box="[852,908,368,394]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">DID</collectionCode>
.
<specimenCode id="DBD40F25FFB1373B889AFE80FC02C395" box="[911,987,368,394]" collectionCode="DID" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C 602</specimenCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF0DF7D6FFB1373B8B82F8C8FA8AC550" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5304201" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5304201" box="[151,1363,1848,1872]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5304201/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" startId="6.[151,255,1848,1872]" targetBox="[264,1322,455,1816]" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph id="8BCDA75EFFB1373B8B82F8C8FA8AC550" blockId="6.[151,1363,1848,1872]" box="[151,1363,1848,1872]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<emphasis id="B9067B4CFFB1373B8B82F8C8FEC0C54F" bold="true" box="[151,281,1848,1872]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">FIGURE 7.</emphasis>
A:
<taxonomicName id="4C72DCDDFFB1373B8A54F8C8FDE9C550" box="[321,560,1848,1871]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nocturnum">
<emphasis id="B9067B4CFFB1373B8A54F8C8FDE9C550" box="[321,560,1848,1871]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Didemnum nocturnum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. B:
<taxonomicName id="4C72DCDDFFB1373B8948F8C8FCC1C550" box="[605,792,1848,1871]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="parau">
<emphasis id="B9067B4CFFB1373B8948F8C8FCC1C550" box="[605,792,1848,1871]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Didemnum parau</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. C:
<taxonomicName id="4C72DCDDFFB1373B8853F8C8FBE9C550" authorityName="Rocha &amp; Monniot" authorityYear="1993" box="[838,1072,1848,1871]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rodriguesi">
<emphasis id="B9067B4CFFB1373B8853F8C8FBE9C550" box="[838,1072,1848,1871]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Didemnum rodriguesi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. D:
<taxonomicName id="4C72DCDDFFB1373B8F4BF8C8FA95C550" baseAuthorityName="Sluiter" baseAuthorityYear="1905" box="[1118,1356,1848,1871]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Lissoclinum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bistratum">
<emphasis id="B9067B4CFFB1373B8F4BF8C8FA95C550" box="[1118,1356,1848,1871]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Lissoclinum bistratum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BCDA75EFFB1373A8BD3F888FBFFC3C3" blockId="6.[151,1436,1912,2013]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1436,152,551]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
The colonies are dark blue in soft crusts
<quantity id="4C8A0ABBFFB1373B89A2F888FCC8C58D" box="[695,785,1912,1938]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="3.5" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="3.0">3–4mm</quantity>
thick (
<figureCitation id="1349BBDBFFB1373B887DF888FC13C58D" box="[872,970,1912,1938]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="6.[151,255,1848,1872]" captionTargetBox="[264,1322,455,1816]" captionTargetId="figure-138@6.[254,1332,447,1826]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 7. A: Didemnum nocturnum. B: Didemnum parau. C: Didemnum rodriguesi. D: Lissoclinum bistratum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5304201" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5304201/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 7A</figureCitation>
). The zooids are in double rows along cloacal channels. In formalin the colour is lighter; the tunic is grey with black round pigment cells. These black cells are sparse at the colony surface, more abundant at the thorax level and form pellets in the basal layer of the tunic. There is no sediment encrusted and no spicules. The zooids are colorless, held in pillars of tunic crossing the wide common cloacal cavity. The cylindrical oral siphon has 6 small apical teeth, the atrial aperture is wide without a languet. No lateral organs were detected. Ten to 12 stigmata per side were counted in the first branchial row, in poorly preserved zooids. The muscular appendage is long (
<figureCitation id="1349BBDBFFB0373A8F9AFEF8FB35C33D" box="[1167,1260,264,290]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="8.[151,255,929,953]" captionTargetBox="[448,1118,184,907]" captionTargetId="figure-351@8.[448,1137,174,911]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 9. Didemnum nocturnum: A: thorax, B: abdomen. Scale bar 0.5mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5304203" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5304203/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 9A</figureCitation>
), extending far below the abdomen level. The waist is short. The abdomen is smaller than the thorax. A single testis vesicle is surrounded by 5 turns of the sperm duct (
<figureCitation id="1349BBDBFFB0373A8997FEA2FD0EC373" box="[642,727,338,364]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="8.[151,255,929,953]" captionTargetBox="[448,1118,184,907]" captionTargetId="figure-351@8.[448,1137,174,911]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 9. Didemnum nocturnum: A: thorax, B: abdomen. Scale bar 0.5mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5304203" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5304203/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig.9B</figureCitation>
). No larvae were found in this material and in their absence the species identification is difficult. Nevertheless the colour and structure of the colonies, the absence of spicules, the black round pigment cells, the numerous stigmata and the very long muscular appendage ascertain the identification of this material compared to the re-examined
<typeStatus id="54C919FCFFB0373A88FEFE32FBF8C3C3" box="[1003,1057,450,476]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">type</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCDA75EFFB0373A8BD3FE18FA4CC038" blockId="7.[151,1436,152,551]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<taxonomicName id="4C72DCDDFFB0373A8BD3FE18FE17C01E" box="[198,462,488,513]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nocturnum">
<emphasis id="B9067B4CFFB0373A8BD3FE18FE17C01E" box="[198,462,488,513]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Didemnum nocturnum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was previously recorded only from the Indian Ocean: its presence in
<collectingCountry id="F365E7CEFFB0373A8E16FE18FA9DC01D" box="[1283,1348,488,514]" name="Palau" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Palau</collectingCountry>
widely increases its distribution but is no surprising as many ascidians are common to the Pacific and Indian oceans.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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