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<document id="12090CF8D169E3F861D353D769B4209C" ID-DOI="10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad032" ID-ISSN="0024-4082" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8326346" ID-ZooBank="E1210342-9DBD-4D89-ABF5-1925792D0E14C" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="juliana" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="juliana" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="juliana" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="juliana" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="juliana" IM.treatments_approvedBy="juliana" checkinTime="1693804639940" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Alonso, Felipe, Terán, Guillermo Enrique, Alanís, Wilson Sebastián Serra, Calviño, Pablo, Montes, Martin Miguel, García, Ignacio Daniel, Barneche, Jorge Adrián, Almirón, Adriana, Ciotek, Liliana, Giorgis, Pablo &amp; Cascioưa, Jorge" docDate="2023" docId="03CA879AFFACFFFDFC0EFB7CFE33F935" docLanguage="en" docName="zlad032.pdf" docOrigin="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 199 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad032" docStyle="DocumentStyle:4F230B9370E98E256D973D6DFB57F36C.1:ZoolJLinnSoc.2023-.journal_article" docStyleId="4F230B9370E98E256D973D6DFB57F36C" docStyleIdOld="36B3BD6A90C22AB4F7F465C853188CC8" docStyleName="ZoolJLinnSoc.2023-.journal_article" docStyleNameOld="ZoolJLinnSoc.2017-.journal_article" docStyleOld="DocumentStyle:36B3BD6A90C22AB4F7F465C853188CC8.7:ZoolJLinnSoc.2017-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="1" docStyleVersionOld="7" docTitle="Austrolebias Costa 1998" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" lastPageNumber="289" masterDocId="FFF3FFE2FFA4FFF4FFC4FF8BFFACFFE4" masterDocTitle="From the mud to the tree: phylogeny of Austrolebias killifishes, new generic structure and description of a new species (Cyprinodontiformes: Rivulidae)" masterLastPageNumber="309" masterPageNumber="280" pageNumber="288" updateTime="1694177718073" updateUser="juliana">
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<mods:title id="F5A543A57338DC5B6976C50958875A0A">From the mud to the tree: phylogeny of Austrolebias killifishes, new generic structure and description of a new species (Cyprinodontiformes: Rivulidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="FB874BBA5E828DFFAA355E018CADE877">Alonso, Felipe</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="8875B10A003C1AF3E1EE596F6EA1A3A4">Instituto de Bio y Geociencias del NOA (IBIGEO), National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET) - UNSa, Av. 9 de Julio 14, A 4405 BBA Rosario de Lerma, Salta, Argentina &amp; Killifish Foundation, La Plata, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="1A13D82C8FB91E7A53B2BE52B2F6CF70">Terán, Guillermo Enrique</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="31038BA40CECE2765AF6B6644582AE99">Killifish Foundation, La Plata, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina &amp; Fundación Miguel Lillo - Unidad Ejecutora Lillo (CONICET), San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Tucuman Province, Argentina</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="DC0E0628536D5910E79B050C97DCD29F">Alanís, Wilson Sebastián Serra</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="D39D9F37C0EA9499DEAB60295BE8D2A6">Killifish Foundation, La Plata, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina &amp; Sección Ictiología, Departamento de Zoología, Museo Nacional de Historia Natural, Montevideo, Uruguay &amp; Centro Universitario Regional del Este (CURE) Sede Rocha, Rocha, Uruguay</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="F00A11B41BF6F9DF07594A0A64BA2B44">Calviño, Pablo</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="47C10D688DD97FFDC558DA84B3A37C03">Killifish Foundation, La Plata, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="B646496185A5BED109FE8C9FB9CF754B">Montes, Martin Miguel</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="73A6562CE4DB2787959A138310A8BC37">Killifish Foundation, La Plata, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina &amp; Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores - [CCT-CONICET - La Plata] Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet, La Plata - [Conicet] Consejo Nacional De Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, La Plata, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="9CDAAE14C614CC833FBA3449EAF4B703">García, Ignacio Daniel</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="AF883B69DA75F0C4AE358304DC5DA564">Killifish Foundation, La Plata, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina &amp; Instituto de Limnología ‘ Dr. Raúl Ringuelet’ (ILPLA) - UNLP-CONICET, La Plata, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="74EA9999906AF2347CCE8452479541AA">Barneche, Jorge Adrián</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="94EE0869D8A93E5AA77320CABF8F831F">Killifish Foundation, La Plata, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina &amp; Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores - [CCT-CONICET - La Plata] Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet, La Plata - [Conicet] Consejo Nacional De Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, La Plata, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="8A1B35B63B4D7A95CECB752DFD65B6F3">Almirón, Adriana</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="3069CB203B48A2C910276C4B45C4DF41">Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, División Zoología Vertebrados, La Plata, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="37C532B0D1A37EE015431FA78562FAEB">Ciotek, Liliana</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="86751A64D6C4C6FC88B3626404BFE44B">Administración de Parques Nacionales, Parque Nacional Campos del Tuyú (7103), General Lavalle, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="D19BD97BFB5540A0B5402732D3241CD7">Giorgis, Pablo</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="7E8F199BF619D77244A366AAD3751A41">Administración de Parques Nacionales, Parque Nacional Campos del Tuyú (7103), General Lavalle, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="F7C34AFB57AEE5F8C51C59ECAE9D4CF9">Cascioưa, Jorge</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="91A4878B5089C9F3A9BDD70C93CDAE28">Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, División Zoología Vertebrados, La Plata, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="D8957B0DF71B1364DC950E2AB8B2C854">Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="BEFCCFE704EBCA4407770CB79EDDF588">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="EB2C0F23FA95885D7F80DED0895F5F25">2023-07-10</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="481D1EFBE704827DF13BB7F54B997226">199</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="748EC0F16855C88285C766ED750E5139" type="ISSN">0024-4082</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03CA879AFFACFFFDFC0EFB7CFE33F935" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CA879AFFACFFFDFC0EFB7CFE33F935" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CA879AFFACFFFDFC0EFB7CFE33F935" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="289" pageId="8" pageNumber="288">
<subSubSection id="C3796507FFACFFFCFC0EFB7CFABFFAF5" box="[970,1299,1270,1297]" pageId="8" pageNumber="288" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BDC368CFFACFFFCFC0EFB7CFABFFAF5" blockId="8.[970,1299,1270,1297]" box="[970,1299,1270,1297]" pageId="8" pageNumber="288">
<heading id="D09481E0FFACFFFCFC0EFB7CFABFFAF5" bold="true" box="[970,1299,1270,1297]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="288" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B917EA9EFFACFFFCFC0EFB7CFABFFAF5" bold="true" box="[970,1299,1270,1297]" pageId="8" pageNumber="288">
Genus
<taxonomicName id="4C634D0FFFACFFFCFBD0FB7DFABFFAF5" ID-CoL="36CL" ID-ENA="308056" authority="Costa, 1998" authorityName="Costa" authorityYear="1998" box="[1044,1299,1270,1297]" family="Rivulidae" genus="Austrolebias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="288" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B917EA9EFFACFFFCFBD0FB7DFB23FAF5" bold="true" box="[1044,1167,1270,1297]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="288">Austrolebias</emphasis>
Costa, 1998
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<paragraph id="8BDC368CFFACFFFCFCEEFAB3FC72FA8B" blockId="8.[810,1459,1335,1391]" pageId="8" pageNumber="288">
<emphasis id="B917EA9EFFACFFFCFCEEFAB3FC0AFAAB" box="[810,934,1336,1359]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="288">Type species:</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C634D0FFFACFFFCFC68FABCFA9DFAAB" authority="Steindachner, 1881" authorityName="Steindachner" authorityYear="1881" box="[940,1329,1335,1359]" family="Rivulidae" genus="Cynolebias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="288" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bellottii">
<emphasis id="B917EA9EFFACFFFCFC68FABCFBC8FAAB" box="[940,1124,1335,1359]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="288">Cynolebias bellottii</emphasis>
Steindachner, 1881
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,
<typeStatus id="54D8882EFFACFFFCFAFFFAB3FAC5FAB4" box="[1339,1385,1336,1360]" pageId="8" pageNumber="288">type</typeStatus>
by original designation.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BDC368CFFACFFFCFCEEFA1AFA8DF8DB" blockId="8.[810,1459,1424,1855]" pageId="8" pageNumber="288">
<emphasis id="B917EA9EFFACFFFCFCEEFA1AFC3CFA4C" box="[810,912,1425,1448]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="288">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
Genus
<taxonomicName id="4C634D0FFFACFFFCFC20FA1BFBF7FA4C" authorityName="Costa" authorityYear="1998" box="[996,1115,1424,1448]" family="Rivulidae" genus="Austrolebias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="288" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B917EA9EFFACFFFCFC20FA1BFBF7FA4C" box="[996,1115,1424,1448]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="288">Austrolebias</emphasis>
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can be distinguished from other genera within the
<taxonomicName id="4C634D0FFFACFFFCFC36FA24FBC5FA23" authorityName="Costa" authorityYear="1998" box="[1010,1129,1455,1479]" family="Rivulidae" genus="Austrolebias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="288" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B917EA9EFFACFFFCFC36FA24FBC5FA23" box="[1010,1129,1455,1479]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="288">Austrolebias</emphasis>
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genus group by the following unique combination of characters: (1) urogenital papillae attached to anal fin (except in
<taxonomicName id="4C634D0FFFACFFFCFB46FA65FAD1F9E2" baseAuthorityName="Huber" baseAuthorityYear="1995" box="[1154,1405,1518,1542]" family="Rivulidae" genus="Austrolebias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="288" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vandenbergi">
<emphasis id="B917EA9EFFACFFFCFB46FA65FAD1F9E2" box="[1154,1405,1518,1542]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="288">Austrolebias vandenbergi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C634D0FFFACFFFCFCEEF986FC43F9C1" authorityName="Nielsen &amp; Pillet" authorityYear="2015" box="[810,1007,1549,1573]" family="Rivulidae" genus="Austrolebias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="288" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="accorsii">
<emphasis id="B917EA9EFFACFFFCFCEEF986FC43F9C1" box="[810,1007,1549,1573]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="288">Austrolebias accorsii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); (2) anteromedial anal fin rays longer than the rest in females, resulting in a nearly triangular fin shape; (3) males pectoral fins hyaline, with black margin and iridescent submargin (except
<taxonomicName id="4C634D0FFFACFFFCFBE4F9E0FAA1F967" authorityName="Amato" authorityYear="1986" box="[1056,1293,1643,1667]" family="Rivulidae" genus="Austrolebias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="288" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="melanoorus">
<emphasis id="B917EA9EFFACFFFCFBE4F9E0FAA1F967" box="[1056,1293,1643,1667]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="288">Austrolebias melanoorus</emphasis>
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, which has only the black margin); (4) pelvic bones overlapping; (5) absence of regular, well-defined vertical dark grey bars only on anterior portion of flank (anterior to the anal fin origin); (6) absence of dark grey pigmentation in cephalic neuromasts concentrated in parietal series; and (7) in females, absence of black spots on posterior flank and vertically aligned in the peduncle.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDC368CFFACFFFDFCEEF8EAFEADFDE5" blockId="8.[810,1459,1889,1975]" lastBlockId="9.[129,778,144,513]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="289" pageId="8" pageNumber="288">
<emphasis id="B917EA9EFFACFFFCFCEEF8EAFBAAF89D" box="[810,1030,1889,1913]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="288">Differential diagnosis:</emphasis>
The genus
<taxonomicName id="4C634D0FFFACFFFCFB57F8EAFAA6F89D" authorityName="Costa" authorityYear="1998" box="[1171,1290,1889,1913]" family="Rivulidae" genus="Austrolebias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="288" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B917EA9EFFACFFFCFB57F8EAFAA6F89D" box="[1171,1290,1889,1913]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="288">Austrolebias</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished from all other genera of the
<taxonomicName id="4C634D0FFFACFFFCFB5FF80BFABEF87C" authorityName="Costa" authorityYear="1998" box="[1179,1298,1920,1944]" family="Rivulidae" genus="Austrolebias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="288" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B917EA9EFFACFFFCFB5FF80BFABEF87C" box="[1179,1298,1920,1944]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="288">Austrolebias</emphasis>
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genus group by having &lt;40 scales in the longitudinal series (vs.&gt; 40 scales in
<taxonomicName id="4C634D0FFFADFFFDFF45FF1BFF55FF4C" authorityName="Alonso &amp; Terán &amp; Alanís &amp; Calviño &amp; Montes &amp; García &amp; Barneche &amp; Almirón &amp; Ciotek &amp; Giorgis &amp; Cascioưa" authorityYear="2023" box="[129,249,144,168]" family="Rivulidae" genus="Titanolebias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="289" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B917EA9EFFADFFFDFF45FF1BFF55FF4C" box="[129,249,144,168]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="289">Titanolebias</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); by the presence of scales in the preopercular region (vs. absent in
<taxonomicName id="4C634D0FFFADFFFDFEFBFF24FE11FF23" authorityName="Costa" authorityYear="2008" box="[319,445,175,199]" family="Rivulidae" genus="Gymnolebias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="289" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B917EA9EFFADFFFDFEFBFF24FE11FF23" box="[319,445,175,199]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="289">Gymnolebias</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); by the basal and medial region of pectoral fins being hyaline in adult males (vs. non-hyaline in
<taxonomicName id="4C634D0FFFADFFFDFF45FF65FF4AFEE2" authorityName="sensu Costa" authorityYear="2008" box="[129,230,238,262]" family="Rivulidae" genus="Argolebias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="289" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B917EA9EFFADFFFDFF45FF65FF4AFEE2" box="[129,230,238,262]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="289">Argolebias</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C634D0FFFADFFFDFF30FF65FED0FEE2" authorityName="Costa" authorityYear="2008" box="[244,380,238,262]" family="Rivulidae" genus="Acantholebias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="289" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B917EA9EFFADFFFDFF30FF65FED0FEE2" box="[244,380,238,262]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="289">Acantholebias</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C634D0FFFADFFFDFE4DFF65FE43FEE2" authorityName="Alonso &amp; Terán &amp; Alanís &amp; Calviño &amp; Montes &amp; García &amp; Barneche &amp; Almirón &amp; Ciotek &amp; Giorgis &amp; Cascioưa" authorityYear="2023" box="[393,495,238,262]" family="Rivulidae" genus="Matilebias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="289" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B917EA9EFFADFFFDFE4DFF65FE43FEE2" box="[393,495,238,262]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="289">Matilebias</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C634D0FFFADFFFDFE39FF65FDC5FEE2" authorityName="Costa" authorityYear="1998" box="[509,617,238,262]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Rivulidae" genus="Megalebias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="289" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B917EA9EFFADFFFDFE39FF65FDC5FEE2" box="[509,617,238,262]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="289">Megalebias</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C634D0FFFADFFFDFDB3FF65FD77FEE2" authorityName="Costa" authorityYear="2008" box="[631,731,238,262]" family="Rivulidae" genus="Acrolebias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="289" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B917EA9EFFADFFFDFDB3FF65FD77FEE2" box="[631,731,238,262]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="289">Acrolebias</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C634D0FFFADFFFDFF45FE86FF5BFEC1" authorityName="Costa" authorityYear="2008" box="[129,247,269,293]" family="Rivulidae" genus="Cypholebias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="289" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B917EA9EFFADFFFDFF45FE86FF5BFEC1" box="[129,247,269,293]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="289">Cypholebias</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); anteromedial anal fin rays longer than the rest of the fin rays in females, resulting in a nearly triangular fin shape (vs. rounded anal fin in
<taxonomicName id="4C634D0FFFADFFFDFE48FEC7FDA9FE80" authorityName="Alonso &amp; Terán &amp; Alanís &amp; Calviño &amp; Montes &amp; García &amp; Barneche &amp; Almirón &amp; Ciotek &amp; Giorgis &amp; Cascioưa" authorityYear="2023" box="[396,517,332,356]" family="Rivulidae" genus="Amatolebias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="289" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B917EA9EFFADFFFDFE48FEC7FDA9FE80" box="[396,517,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="289">Amatolebias</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); urogenital papillae attached to male anal fin, if not, presence of contact organs on anal fin (vs. urogenital papillae not aưached to male anal fin in all
<taxonomicName id="4C634D0FFFADFFFDFF45FE21FEEBFE26" box="[129,327,426,450]" pageId="9" pageNumber="289">
<emphasis id="B917EA9EFFADFFFDFF45FE21FF56FE26" box="[129,250,426,450]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="289">Garcialebias</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
except
<taxonomicName id="4C634D0FFFADFFFDFE55FE21FCAAFE26" authority="Volcan et al., 2021" authorityName="Volcan" authorityYear="2021" box="[401,774,426,450]" family="Rivulidae" genus="Garcialebias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="289" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cheffei">
<emphasis id="B917EA9EFFADFFFDFE55FE21FDE6FE26" box="[401,586,426,450]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="289">Garcialebias cheffei</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF24B7DFFADFFFDFD8BFE21FCAAFE26" author="Volcan MV &amp; Barbosa C &amp; Robe LJ" box="[591,774,426,450]" pageId="9" pageNumber="289" pagination="87 - 113" refId="ref25932" refString="Volcan MV, Barbosa C, Robe LJ, et al. Molecular phylogeny of the Austrolebias adloffi group (Cyprinodontiformes, Rivulidae), with description of two new endangered and highly endemic species of annual killifishes from the Laguna dos Patos system, southern Brazil. Zootaxa 2021; 4965: 87 - 113." type="journal article" year="2021">
Volcan
<emphasis id="B917EA9EFFADFFFDFD5DFE20FD6BFE26" box="[665,711,426,450]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="289">et al.</emphasis>
, 2021
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, which differs from
<taxonomicName id="4C634D0FFFADFFFDFE80FE42FE17FE05" authorityName="Costa" authorityYear="1998" box="[324,443,457,481]" family="Rivulidae" genus="Austrolebias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="289" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B917EA9EFFADFFFDFE80FE42FE17FE05" box="[324,443,457,481]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="289">Austrolebias</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the lack of contact organs on the anal fin).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3796507FFADFFFDFF45FDA9FD08FCF1" pageId="9" pageNumber="289" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BDC368CFFADFFFDFF45FDA9FD08FCF1" blockId="9.[129,777,546,789]" pageId="9" pageNumber="289">
<emphasis id="B917EA9EFFADFFFDFF45FDA9FE05FDDE" box="[129,425,546,570]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="289">
Synapomorphies:
<taxonomicName id="4C634D0FFFADFFFDFEF6FDA9FE05FDDE" authorityName="Costa" authorityYear="1998" box="[306,425,546,570]" family="Rivulidae" genus="Austrolebias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="289" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Austrolebias</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
genus
<emphasis id="B917EA9EFFADFFFDFE33FDA8FDBEFDDE" box="[503,530,547,570]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="289">s.s.</emphasis>
, as defined herein, was recovered as monophyletic with the current species composition and supported by 24 molecular synapomorphies and the following four morphological synapomorphies (see Supporting Information, Appendix S5): dark grey to black spots on flanks of males (21:1); female anal fin roughly spatula-shaped (50:1); pelvic fins membrane in males fused along most of medial margin (58:1); and pelvic bones overlapping (190:1).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3796507FFADFFFDFF45FCBDFDB9FC0F" pageId="9" pageNumber="289" type="taxon_list">
<paragraph id="8BDC368CFFADFFFDFF45FCBDFDB9FC0F" blockId="9.[129,777,822,1003]" pageId="9" pageNumber="289">
<emphasis id="B917EA9EFFADFFFDFF45FCBDFE9DFCAA" box="[129,305,822,846]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="289">Included species:</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C634D0FFFADFFFDFE83FCBDFCA9FCAA" authority="(Amato, 1986)" baseAuthorityName="Amato" baseAuthorityYear="1986" box="[327,773,822,847]" family="Rivulidae" genus="Austrolebias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="289" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="melanoorus">
<emphasis id="B917EA9EFFADFFFDFE83FCBDFDE8FCAA" box="[327,580,822,846]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="289">Austrolebias melanoorus</emphasis>
(Amato, 1986)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C634D0FFFADFFFDFF45FCDDFDC6FC8A" authority="(Huber, 1995)" baseAuthorityName="Huber" baseAuthorityYear="1995" box="[129,618,854,878]" family="Rivulidae" genus="Austrolebias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="289" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vandenbergi">
<emphasis id="B917EA9EFFADFFFDFF45FCDDFE3DFC8A" box="[129,401,854,878]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="289">Austrolebias vandenbergi</emphasis>
(Huber, 1995)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C634D0FFFADFFFDFD56FCDDFE54FC69" authority="Costa &amp; Cheffe, 2005" authorityName="Costa &amp; Cheffe" authorityYear="2005" family="Rivulidae" genus="Austrolebias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="289" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="univentripinnis">
<emphasis id="B917EA9EFFADFFFDFD56FCDDFEBEFC69" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="289">Austrolebias univentripinnis</emphasis>
Costa &amp; Cheffe, 2005
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C634D0FFFADFFFDFDC5FCFEFE93FC49" authority="Serra &amp; Loureiro, 2018" authorityName="Serra &amp; Loureiro" authorityYear="2018" family="Rivulidae" genus="Austrolebias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="289" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="queguay">
<emphasis id="B917EA9EFFADFFFDFDC5FCFEFD62FC69" box="[513,718,885,909]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="289">Austrolebias queguay</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF24B7DFFADFFFDFD10FCFEFE93FC49" author="Serra WS &amp; Loureiro M" pageId="9" pageNumber="289" pagination="547 - 56" refId="ref25328" refString="Serra WS, Loureiro M. Austrolebias queguay (Cyprinodontiformes, Rivulidae), a new species of annual killifish endemic to the lower Uruguay river basin. Zoosystematics and Evolution 2018; 94: 547 - 56." type="journal article" year="2018">Serra &amp; Loureiro, 2018</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C634D0FFFADFFFDFE8AFC1FFCA9FC49" authority="(Steindachner, 1881)" baseAuthorityName="Steindachner" baseAuthorityYear="1881" box="[334,773,916,941]" family="Rivulidae" genus="Austrolebias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="289" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bellottii">
<emphasis id="B917EA9EFFADFFFDFE8AFC1FFDB4FC48" box="[334,536,916,940]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="289">Austrolebias bellottii</emphasis>
(Steindachner, 1881)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C634D0FFFADFFFDFF45FC3FFDFEFC28" authority="Nielsen &amp; Pillet, 2015" authorityName="Nielsen &amp; Pillet" authorityYear="2015" box="[129,594,948,972]" family="Rivulidae" genus="Austrolebias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="289" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="accorsii">
<emphasis id="B917EA9EFFADFFFDFF45FC3FFEE1FC28" box="[129,333,948,972]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="289">Austrolebias accorsii</emphasis>
Nielsen &amp; Pillet, 2015
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C634D0FFFADFFFDFD56FC3FFDBCFC0F" authority="Volcan &amp; Severo-Neto, 2019" authorityName="Volcan &amp; Severo-Neto" authorityYear="2019" family="Rivulidae" genus="Austrolebias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="289" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ephemerus">
<emphasis id="B917EA9EFFADFFFDFD56FC3FFF44FC0F" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="289">Austrolebias ephemerus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF24B7DFFADFFFDFF29FC58FDBCFC0F" author="Volcan MV &amp; Severo-Neto F" box="[237,528,979,1003]" pageId="9" pageNumber="289" pagination="541 - 53" refId="ref26068" refString="Volcan MV, Severo-Neto F. Austrolebias ephemerus (Cyprinodontiformes: Rivulidae), a new annual fish from the upper Rio Paraguai basin, Brazilian Chaco. Zootaxa 2019; 4560: 541 - 53." type="journal article" year="2019">Volcan &amp; Severo-Neto, 2019</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3796507FFADFFFDFF45FB87FD30F9DD" pageId="9" pageNumber="289" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BDC368CFFADFFFDFF45FB87FD30F9DD" blockId="9.[129,778,1036,1593]" pageId="9" pageNumber="289">
<emphasis id="B917EA9EFFADFFFDFF45FB87FF72FBC0" box="[129,222,1036,1060]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="289">Remarks:</emphasis>
According to the Eschmeyer’s Catalogue of Fishes (
<bibRefCitation id="EFF24B7DFFADFFFDFF4FFBA7FEE7FBA0" author="Fricke R &amp; Eschmeyer WN &amp; Van der Laan R" box="[139,331,1068,1092]" pageId="9" pageNumber="289" refId="ref23931" refString="Fricke R, Eschmeyer WN, Van der Laan R. Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes: Genera, Species, References. 2021. Retrieved from: hup: // researcharchive. calacademy. org / research / ichthyology / catalog / fishcatmain. asp (22 October 2021, date last accessed)." type="book" year="2021">
Fricke
<emphasis id="B917EA9EFFADFFFDFF13FBA6FEA0FBA0" box="[215,268,1068,1092]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="289">et al.</emphasis>
2021
</bibRefCitation>
),
<taxonomicName id="4C634D0FFFADFFFDFEA3FBA7FDF3FBA0" baseAuthorityName="Huber" baseAuthorityYear="1995" box="[359,607,1068,1092]" family="Rivulidae" genus="Austrolebias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="289" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vandenbergi">
<emphasis id="B917EA9EFFADFFFDFEA3FBA7FDF3FBA0" box="[359,607,1068,1092]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="289">Austrolebias vandenbergi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
should be corrected to
<emphasis id="B917EA9EFFADFFFDFF21FBC0FE24FB87" box="[229,392,1099,1123]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="289">vandenbergorum</emphasis>
following
<collectionCode id="ED72AE49FFADFFFDFE3DFBC0FD94FB87" box="[505,568,1099,1123]" pageId="9" pageNumber="289">ICZN</collectionCode>
Art. 31.1.2 because this species was originally described in honour of Leen van den Berg and his son Arjen. We consider this not to be adequate because
<taxonomicName id="4C634D0FFFADFFFDFF79FB22FE9EFB25" baseAuthorityName="Huber" baseAuthorityYear="1995" box="[189,306,1193,1217]" family="Rivulidae" genus="Austrolebias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="289" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vandenbergi">
<emphasis id="B917EA9EFFADFFFDFF79FB22FE9EFB25" box="[189,306,1193,1217]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="289">vandenbergi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been in use for&gt; 25 years and cited in ≥ 20 papers (
<bibRefCitation id="EFF24B7DFFADFFFDFF12FB43FE24FB05" author="Fricke R &amp; Eschmeyer WN &amp; Van der Laan R" box="[214,392,1224,1249]" pageId="9" pageNumber="289" refId="ref23931" refString="Fricke R, Eschmeyer WN, Van der Laan R. Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes: Genera, Species, References. 2021. Retrieved from: hup: // researcharchive. calacademy. org / research / ichthyology / catalog / fishcatmain. asp (22 October 2021, date last accessed)." type="book" year="2021">
Fricke
<emphasis id="B917EA9EFFADFFFDFED9FB42FEE1FB04" box="[285,333,1224,1248]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="289">et al.</emphasis>
2021
</bibRefCitation>
) and, following Appendix B General recommendations of the
<collectionCode id="ED72AE49FFADFFFDFE42FB63FE69FAE4" box="[390,453,1256,1280]" pageId="9" pageNumber="289">ICZN</collectionCode>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFF24B7DFFADFFFDFE13FB63FDD6FAE4" author="Ride WDL &amp; Cogger HG &amp; Dupris C" box="[471,634,1256,1280]" pageId="9" pageNumber="289" refId="ref25208" refString="Ride WDL, Cogger HG, Dupris C, et al. International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. London: International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature and the British Museum, 1999." type="book" year="1999">
Ride
<emphasis id="B917EA9EFFADFFFDFDCBFB63FDECFAE4" box="[527,576,1256,1280]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="289">et al.</emphasis>
1999
</bibRefCitation>
): ‘Stability of nomenclature: 1. Since it is the object of nomenclature to denote each taxon by a name which is unique, unambiguous and universal, an author should not change the prevailing usage of names, or the sense in which they are used, unless this is required for scientific reasons (i.e. the reclassification of taxa) (…) 2. If the provisions of the Code appear to require an action which might threaten stability or cause confusion, that action should not be taken before referring the case to the Commission for advice’. Therefore, until this is submiưed to the Commission, we consider that
<taxonomicName id="4C634D0FFFADFFFDFECFF9AAFE2CF9DD" baseAuthorityName="Huber" baseAuthorityYear="1995" box="[267,384,1569,1593]" family="Rivulidae" genus="Austrolebias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="289" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vandenbergi">
<emphasis id="B917EA9EFFADFFFDFECFF9AAFE2CF9DD" box="[267,384,1569,1593]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="289">vandenbergi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
should be used for stability.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3796507FFADFFFDFF45F9D1FE33F935" pageId="9" pageNumber="289" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BDC368CFFADFFFDFF45F9D1FE33F935" blockId="9.[129,778,1626,1745]" pageId="9" pageNumber="289">
<emphasis id="B917EA9EFFADFFFDFF45F9D1FF52F996" box="[129,254,1626,1650]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="289">Distribution:</emphasis>
Río de la Plata basin (excluding the middle and upper Paraná and
<collectingCountry id="F374761CFFADFFFDFE80F9F1FE31F976" box="[324,413,1658,1682]" name="Uruguay" pageId="9" pageNumber="289">Uruguay</collectingCountry>
river basins), Laguna Merín basin and headwaters of the Mamoré basin, in
<collectingCountry id="F374761CFFADFFFDFDFCF912FD0CF955" box="[568,672,1689,1713]" name="Argentina" pageId="9" pageNumber="289">Argentina</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F374761CFFADFFFDFD69F912FCAAF955" box="[685,774,1689,1713]" name="Uruguay" pageId="9" pageNumber="289">Uruguay</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F374761CFFADFFFDFF45F933FF12F934" box="[129,190,1720,1744]" name="Brazil" pageId="9" pageNumber="289">Brazil</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F374761CFFADFFFDFF02F933FEA2F934" box="[198,270,1720,1744]" name="Bolivia" pageId="9" pageNumber="289">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="F374761CFFADFFFDFEFAF932FE37F935" box="[318,411,1721,1745]" name="Paraguay" pageId="9" pageNumber="289">Paraguay</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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