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<document id="F7973A04BB3A4CE57DED7EFA55504691" ID-DOI="10.1111/j.1096-3642.2010.00676.x" ID-ISSN="0024-4082" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5440227" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1630449224875" checkinUser="valdenar" docAuthor="Schmitz, Patrick &amp; Rubinoff, Daniel" docDate="2011" docId="039F87D7FF9D8412FCEAFB4F23A40062" docLanguage="en" docName="j.1096-3642.2010.00676.x.pdf" docOrigin="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 162 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2010.00676.x" docStyle="DocumentStyle:FBF0BF18BB2B256F1F8008F27D80BF37.3:ZoolJLinnSoc.2010-2016.journal_article" docStyleId="FBF0BF18BB2B256F1F8008F27D80BF37" docStyleName="ZoolJLinnSoc.2010-2016.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Hyposmocoma wailua Schmitz &amp; Rubinoff, 2011, SP. NOV." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="30" masterDocId="FFA6FFAFFF91841DFFA3FFE2220C046E" masterDocTitle="The Hawaiian amphibious caterpillar guild: new species of Hyposmocoma (Lepidoptera: Cosmopterigidae) confirm distinct aquatic invasions and complex speciation patterns" masterLastPageNumber="42" masterPageNumber="15" pageNumber="27" updateTime="1699274737362" updateUser="plazi">
<mods:mods id="864EF1664A15F0CE6656AFD5BFCD340D" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="517280BBF5A30EE830B57974DE780857">
<mods:title id="9EA9A9C19A31A945A8008EC729F80DA6">The Hawaiian amphibious caterpillar guild: new species of Hyposmocoma (Lepidoptera: Cosmopterigidae) confirm distinct aquatic invasions and complex speciation patterns</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="7A8E02BB4CFB92C6073CD83451159C24" type="personal">
<mods:role id="CF9C7B2DDE8FC4C3CF2E4AF5338F7834">
<mods:roleTerm id="38C7F947BB1A6F4FCD0BF860894970A2">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="F4E2DDCAAA8EB66EC539E69AC2BBABB6">Schmitz, Patrick</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="3DFC5D9A9A9731FAB78F396F9BE9297A" type="personal">
<mods:role id="AE46A9360CC391113CAD8F3F0F3DC0C0">
<mods:roleTerm id="4A38CBCDFB67353F0E503B4BD20C43AB">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="3DFD04B9081634CD66CC33C848A387CE">Rubinoff, Daniel</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="5A701F848EB9F6DD86011F83EC21C51E">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="E417F7C5C8A0873C5478EC0A70811E50" type="host">
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<mods:title id="482157C80D493B05A382BF0071A91661">Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="E47A0CEEE9BA49ED1BBCE22531BA15A8">
<mods:date id="C1E110517F37EBED5956948DBD6E463A">2011</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="72CE4BAC7E563332956245B66BCF49E6" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="923C0291EFF294510C175FD1F7E79456">2011-04-20</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="742B583DE9E786B4119D7DDE31C32D3F" type="volume">
<mods:number id="5D3EF920B754A11BBB11CF1B7C33554C">162</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="7436D0A7D9EC9D4378944005040DC18B" type="issue">
<mods:number id="76476D2AAA3C292DF79C0E61C1CB1059">1</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="CF5819E063060D373F5A695CEBCBBFA0">15</mods:start>
<mods:end id="7544659374E598CDC8C4A1E7619E1DEA">42</mods:end>
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<mods:location id="9C8A9B41D4C30507A8DBDA290B4AE122">
<mods:url id="A25BE0EDB1D89F45709D49BA2A831450">http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2010.00676.x</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification id="FCA49540623BDF5143A9D188DDAFED60">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="1BB64349A3794C88E8C53F7079ECFAE5" type="DOI">10.1111/j.1096-3642.2010.00676.x</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="37D9202FF1A978E1CCB3C5AD100E08BE" type="ISSN">0024-4082</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="8415FFF044FF559682AC0AE01BCD4FD4" type="Zenodo-Dep">5440227</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="039F87D7FF9D8412FCEAFB4F23A40062" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5491885" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5491885" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039F87D7FF9D8412FCEAFB4F23A40062" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039F87D7FF9D8412FCEAFB4F23A40062" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="12" pageNumber="27">
<subSubSection id="C32C654AFF9D8411FCEAFB4F271F008D" pageId="12" pageNumber="27" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B8936C1FF9D8411FCEAFB4F271F008D" blockId="12.[841,1386,1197,1251]" pageId="12" pageNumber="27">
<heading id="D0C181ADFF9D8411FCEAFB4F271F008D" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="27" reason="4">
<taxonomicName id="4C364D42FF9D8411FCEAFB4F266D00AC" authorityName="Schmitz &amp; Rubinoff" authorityYear="2011" box="[841,1121,1197,1218]" class="Insecta" family="Cosmopterigidae" genus="Hyposmocoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wailua">
<emphasis id="B942EAD3FF9D8411FCEAFB4F266D00AC" bold="true" box="[841,1121,1197,1218]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="27">HYPOSMOCOMA WAILUA</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
SCHMITZ &amp; RUBINOFF
<emphasis id="B942EAD3FF9D8411FC03FB322609008C" bold="true" box="[928,1029,1229,1250]" pageId="12" pageNumber="27">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27157A8FF9D8411FC03FB322609008C" box="[928,1029,1229,1250]" pageId="12" pageNumber="27" rank="species">SP. NOV.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="130D2A44FF9D8411FBB4FB2F267E008C" box="[1047,1138,1229,1250]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="3.[164,243,1521,1540]" captionTargetBox="[164,1444,201,1487]" captionTargetId="figure-126@3.[164,1445,196,1491]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 1. Holotypes of aquatic cone-case Hyposmocoma spp., adult males. A, Hyposmocoma kahamanoa sp. nov.; B, Hyposmocoma uhauiole sp. nov.; C, Hyposmocoma kahaiao sp. nov.; D, Hyposmocoma kawaikoi sp. nov.; E, Hyposmocoma kamakou sp. nov.; F, Hyposmocoma wailua sp. nov." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5440229" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5440229/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="27">FIGS 1F</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="130D2A44FF9D8411FB22FB2F26AF008C" box="[1153,1187,1229,1250]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="4.[144,223,653,672]" captionTargetBox="[149,760,201,621]" captionTargetId="figure-721@4.[144,761,198,624]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 2. Cone case types of aquatic Hyposmocoma spp., larvae. A, Hyposmocoma kahamanoa sp. nov., lateral aspect; B, Hyposmocoma kawaikoi sp. nov., lateral aspect; C, Hyposmocoma wailua sp. nov., dorsal aspect." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5440231" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5440231/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="27">2C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="130D2A44FF9D8411FB11FB2F26DC008C" box="[1202,1232,1229,1250]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="13.[164,243,847,866]" captionTargetBox="[169,779,197,814]" captionTargetId="figure-621@13.[164,781,196,818]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 10. Male genitalia of Hyposmocoma wailua sp. nov. from specimen on slide PS200. A, tegumen, ventral aspect; B, sclerotized hook on abdominal segment VII, dorsal aspect; C, valvae with phallus, ventral aspect." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5440251" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5440251/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="27">10</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="130D2A44FF9D8411FB7CFB2F2707008D" box="[1247,1291,1229,1251]" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="14.[144,223,1744,1763]" captionTargetBox="[399,1166,216,1711]" captionTargetId="figure-3@14.[398,1167,939,1714]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 11. Female genitalia of Hyposmocoma spp., ventral aspect. A, Hyposmocoma kahamanoa sp. nov. (slide PS153); B, Hyposmocoma uhauiole sp. nov. (slide PS143); C, Hyposmocoma kahaiao sp. nov. (slide PS149); D, Hyposmocoma kawaikoi sp. nov. (slide PS199); E, Hyposmocoma kamakou sp. nov. (slide PS166); F, Hyposmocoma wailua sp. nov. (slide PS201)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5440253" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5440253/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="27">11F</figureCitation>
)
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32C654AFF9D8412FC85FB1123A40062" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="12" pageNumber="27" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B8936C1FF9D8411FC85FB11271801B1" blockId="12.[806,1422,1267,1748]" pageId="12" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis id="B942EAD3FF9D8411FC85FB1126060166" box="[806,1034,1267,1288]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="27">Material examined:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B5E3C9CFF9D8411FBBAFB16264001CC" collectionCode="AWAI" collectorName="Kauai, N &amp; Schmitz, D &amp; Rubinoff, M" latitude="22.06269" location="Fork of Wailua" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-159.46791" municipality="Wailua river" pageId="12" pageNumber="27" specimenCode="II-23" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="548D8863FF9D8411FBBAFB1626A40167" box="[1049,1192,1268,1289]" pageId="12" pageNumber="27" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
<specimenCount id="9D30FD48FF9D8411FB14FB1126DC0167" box="[1207,1232,1267,1289]" pageId="12" pageNumber="27" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
: [1] ‘H[
<collectionCode id="ED27AE04FF9D8411FA8CFB1127700167" box="[1327,1404,1267,1289]" pageId="12" pageNumber="27">AWAI</collectionCode>
]I:
<collectorName id="26C35317FF9D8411FC85FAF0219B0146" box="[806,919,1298,1320]" pageId="12" pageNumber="27">Kauai, N</collectorName>
.
<location id="8EE9601AFF9D8411FC0AFAF026530146" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039F87D7FF9D8412FCEAFB4F23A40062:8EE9601AFF9D8411FC0AFAF026530146" box="[937,1119,1298,1320]" latitude="22.06269" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-159.46791" municipality="Wailua river" name="Fork of Wailua" pageId="12" pageNumber="27">
Fork of
<collectingMunicipality id="6BEDACBBFF9D8411FBACFAF026530146" box="[1039,1119,1298,1320]" pageId="12" pageNumber="27">Wailua</collectingMunicipality>
</location>
river |
<geoCoordinate id="EE025006FF9D8411FB6DFAF1276F0146" box="[1230,1379,1298,1320]" degrees="22.06269" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="27" precision="1" value="22.06269">N 22.06269°</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE025006FF9D8411FAD6FAF121A80129" degrees="159.46791" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="27" precision="1" value="-159.46791">W 159.46791°</geoCoordinate>
| elev[ation]. 1186 f[ee]t, ‘bugle’ case,
<specimenCode id="DB909EBAFF9D8411FC85FAAD2153010B" box="[806,863,1359,1381]" collectionCode="II-" pageId="12" pageNumber="27">II-23</specimenCode>
-[20]09 | em[ergence]. IV-20-[20]09, #DR09B4B | coll[ectors]. P[atrick].
<collectorName id="26C35317FF9D8411FBE5FA8C26C001ED" box="[1094,1228,1389,1412]" pageId="12" pageNumber="27">Schmitz, D</collectorName>
[aniel].
<collectorName id="26C35317FF9D8411FA86FA8C214C01CC" pageId="12" pageNumber="27">Rubinoff, M</collectorName>
[ichael]. San Jose’; [2]
</materialsCitation>
‘
<materialsCitation id="3B5E3C9CFF9D8411FBFDFA6F270301B1" collectionCode="UHIM" pageId="12" pageNumber="27" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="548D8863FF9D8411FBFDFA6F26E201CC" box="[1118,1262,1421,1442]" pageId="12" pageNumber="27" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
|
<taxonomicName id="4C364D42FF9D8411FAB8FA6F216D01AF" baseAuthorityName="Rubinoff &amp; Schmitz" baseAuthorityYear="2010" class="Insecta" family="Cosmopterigidae" genus="Hyposmocoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Hyposmocoma</taxonomicName>
| wailua | Schmitz and Rubinoff’. Specimen in perfect condition. Deposited in the
<collectionCode id="ED27AE04FF9D8411FB61FA28270301B1" box="[1218,1295,1482,1503]" pageId="12" pageNumber="27">UHIM</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8936C1FF9D8411FC9CFA0A268402BA" blockId="12.[806,1422,1267,1748]" pageId="12" pageNumber="27">
<materialsCitation id="3B5E3C9CFF9D8411FC9CFA0A21520272" country="United States of America" location="Kauai Island" pageId="12" pageNumber="27" specimenCount="13" specimenCount-female="7" specimenCount-male="6" stateProvince="Hawaii" typeStatus="paratype">
<typeStatus id="548D8863FF9D8411FC9CFA0A21D50193" box="[831,985,1512,1533]" pageId="12" pageNumber="27" type="paratype">PARATYPES</typeStatus>
:
<specimenCount id="9D30FD48FF9D8411FC40FA0A261C0190" box="[995,1040,1512,1534]" pageId="12" pageNumber="27" type="male">6 ♂</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="9D30FD48FF9D8411FBBDFA0B26440190" box="[1054,1096,1512,1534]" pageId="12" pageNumber="27" type="female">7 ♀</specimenCount>
, from
<location id="8EE9601AFF9D8411FB32FA0A27240190" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039F87D7FF9D8412FCEAFB4F23A40062:8EE9601AFF9D8411FB32FA0A27240190" box="[1169,1320,1512,1534]" country="United States of America" name="Kauai Island" pageId="12" pageNumber="27" stateProvince="Hawaii">Kauai Island</location>
,
<collectingRegion id="49F2F823FF9D8411FA97FA0A27850190" box="[1332,1417,1512,1534]" country="United States of America" name="Hawaii" pageId="12" pageNumber="27">Hawaii</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F3217651FF9D8411FC85F9E521520272" box="[806,862,1543,1564]" name="United States of America" pageId="12" pageNumber="27">USA</collectingCountry>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B5E3C9CFF9D8411FCCAF9E526D10273" box="[873,1245,1542,1565]" collectionCode="UHIM" pageId="12" pageNumber="27" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="9D30FD48FF9D8411FCCAF9E5219B0272" box="[873,919,1542,1564]" pageId="12" pageNumber="27" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
, with same data as holotype
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B5E3C9CFF9D8411FB4BF9E5268802BA" collectingDate="2009-03-02" collectingDateMax="2009-04-20" collectingDateMin="2009-03-02" collectionCode="BPBM, UHIM, USNM" location="Deposited" pageId="12" pageNumber="27" specimenCount="24" specimenCount-female="14" specimenCount-male="10" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="9D30FD48FF9D8411FB4BF9E5271A0272" box="[1256,1302,1542,1565]" pageId="12" pageNumber="27" type="male">5 ♂</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="9D30FD48FF9D8411FA80F9E527400272" box="[1315,1356,1542,1564]" pageId="12" pageNumber="27" type="female">7 ♀</specimenCount>
, with same data as holotype except date of emergence:
<date id="FF881001FF9D8411FC85F9A6219C0234" box="[806,912,1604,1626]" pageId="12" pageNumber="27" value="2009-03-02">
<collectingDate id="EFCCE9E9FF9D8411FC85F9A6219C0234" box="[806,912,1604,1626]" pageId="12" pageNumber="27" value="2009-03-02">2.iii.2009</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D30FD48FF9D8411FC09F9A621D30234" box="[938,991,1604,1626]" pageId="12" pageNumber="27" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
),
<date id="FF881001FF9D8411FC5EF9A6266D0234" box="[1021,1121,1604,1626]" pageId="12" pageNumber="27" value="2009-04-02">
<collectingDate id="EFCCE9E9FF9D8411FC5EF9A6266D0234" box="[1021,1121,1604,1626]" pageId="12" pageNumber="27" value="2009-04-02">2.iv.2009</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D30FD48FF9D8411FBDFF9A626A00234" box="[1148,1196,1604,1626]" pageId="12" pageNumber="27" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
),
<date id="FF881001FF9D8411FB68F9A627230234" box="[1227,1327,1604,1626]" pageId="12" pageNumber="27" value="2009-04-03">
<collectingDate id="EFCCE9E9FF9D8411FB68F9A627230234" box="[1227,1327,1604,1626]" pageId="12" pageNumber="27" value="2009-04-03">3.iv.2009</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D30FD48FF9D8411FAE9F9A627720234" box="[1354,1406,1604,1626]" pageId="12" pageNumber="27" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
),
<date id="FF881001FF9D8411FC85F98121860217" box="[806,906,1635,1657]" pageId="12" pageNumber="27" value="2009-04-06">
<collectingDate id="EFCCE9E9FF9D8411FC85F98121860217" box="[806,906,1635,1657]" pageId="12" pageNumber="27" value="2009-04-06">6.iv.2009</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D30FD48FF9D8411FC3EF98121C60216" box="[925,970,1634,1656]" pageId="12" pageNumber="27" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="9D30FD48FF9D8411FC7AF98126080216" box="[985,1028,1634,1656]" pageId="12" pageNumber="27" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
),
<date id="FF881001FF9D8411FBB8F98126730217" box="[1051,1151,1635,1657]" pageId="12" pageNumber="27" value="2009-04-07">
<collectingDate id="EFCCE9E9FF9D8411FBB8F98126730217" box="[1051,1151,1635,1657]" pageId="12" pageNumber="27" value="2009-04-07">7.iv.2009</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D30FD48FF9D8411FB31F98126B20216" box="[1170,1214,1634,1656]" pageId="12" pageNumber="27" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
, dissected PS200,
<specimenCount id="9D30FD48FF9D8411FC85F963215502F9" box="[806,857,1665,1687]" pageId="12" pageNumber="27" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
),
<date id="FF881001FF9D8411FCD4F96321E702F9" box="[887,1003,1665,1687]" pageId="12" pageNumber="27" value="2009-04-09">
<collectingDate id="EFCCE9E9FF9D8411FCD4F96321E702F9" box="[887,1003,1665,1687]" pageId="12" pageNumber="27" value="2009-04-09">9. iv.2009</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D30FD48FF9D8411FBA1F963263902F9" box="[1026,1077,1665,1687]" pageId="12" pageNumber="27" type="female">2 ♀</specimenCount>
),
<date id="FF881001FF9D8411FBF0F96326C902F9" box="[1107,1221,1665,1687]" pageId="12" pageNumber="27" value="2009-04-10">
<collectingDate id="EFCCE9E9FF9D8411FBF0F96326C902F9" box="[1107,1221,1665,1687]" pageId="12" pageNumber="27" value="2009-04-10">10.iv.2009</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D30FD48FF9D8411FB7CF963270302F9" box="[1247,1295,1665,1687]" pageId="12" pageNumber="27" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
, dissected PS201),
<date id="FF881001FF9D8411FC2BF94221F502D8" box="[904,1017,1696,1718]" pageId="12" pageNumber="27" value="2009-04-13">
<collectingDate id="EFCCE9E9FF9D8411FC2BF94221F502D8" box="[904,1017,1696,1718]" pageId="12" pageNumber="27" value="2009-04-13">13.iv.2009</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D30FD48FF9D8411FBADF942263402DB" box="[1038,1080,1695,1717]" pageId="12" pageNumber="27" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
),
<date id="FF881001FF9D8411FBF3F94226CE02D8" box="[1104,1218,1696,1718]" pageId="12" pageNumber="27" value="2009-04-20">
<collectingDate id="EFCCE9E9FF9D8411FBF3F94226CE02D8" box="[1104,1218,1696,1718]" pageId="12" pageNumber="27" value="2009-04-20">20.iv.2009</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D30FD48FF9D8411FB75F942270802DB" box="[1238,1284,1695,1717]" pageId="12" pageNumber="27" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
).
<location id="8EE9601AFF9D8411FABFF942278102D8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039F87D7FF9D8412FCEAFB4F23A40062:8EE9601AFF9D8411FABFF942278102D8" box="[1308,1421,1696,1718]" name="Deposited" pageId="12" pageNumber="27">Deposited</location>
in
<collectionCode id="ED27AE04FF9D8411FCE4F95D219902BA" box="[839,917,1727,1748]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="12" pageNumber="27" type="Museum">BPBM</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="ED27AE04FF9D8411FC00F95D21FC02BA" box="[931,1008,1727,1748]" pageId="12" pageNumber="27">UHIM</collectionCode>
, and
<collectionCode id="ED27AE04FF9D8411FB91F95D268802BA" box="[1074,1156,1727,1748]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="12" pageNumber="27" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8936C1FF9D8410FC85F91C233C00CB" blockId="12.[806,1421,1789,1903]" lastBlockId="13.[164,779,1014,1189]" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="28" pageId="12" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis id="B942EAD3FF9D8411FC85F91C26AC037C" box="[806,1184,1789,1811]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="27">
Diagnosis:
<taxonomicName id="4C364D42FF9D8411FC06F91C26AC037C" authorityName="Schmitz &amp; Rubinoff" authorityYear="2011" box="[933,1184,1789,1811]" class="Insecta" family="Cosmopterigidae" genus="Hyposmocoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wailua">Hyposmocoma wailua</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
is a relatively small uniform greyish-blue species with metallic blue iridescences. Adults can be easily distinguished from the closest looking species,
<taxonomicName id="4C364D42FF9D8411FB9EF8BB26C10300" authority="Schmitz &amp; Rubinoff, 2011" authorityName="Schmitz &amp; Rubinoff" authorityYear="2011" box="[1085,1229,1881,1902]" class="Insecta" family="Cosmopterigidae" genus="Hyposmocoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kamakou" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B942EAD3FF9D8411FB9EF8BB26C10300" box="[1085,1229,1881,1902]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="27">H. kamakou</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27157A8FF9D8411FB7BF8BB273F0300" box="[1240,1331,1881,1902]" pageId="12" pageNumber="27" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, by the broad valvae and differences in shape and length of the sclerotized spur-like setae in male genitalia, and distinct sclerotized ring and minute sclerotized point on abdominal segment VII in males. The larvae of these two species have easily distinguished case
<typeStatus id="548D8863FF9C8410FD6DFB93210700E8" box="[718,779,1137,1158]" pageId="13" pageNumber="28">types</typeStatus>
(
<figureCitation id="130D2A44FF9C8410FF0FFB6D232F00CB" box="[172,291,1167,1189]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="4.[144,223,653,672]" captionTargetBox="[149,760,201,621]" captionTargetId="figure-721@4.[144,761,198,624]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 2. Cone case types of aquatic Hyposmocoma spp., larvae. A, Hyposmocoma kahamanoa sp. nov., lateral aspect; B, Hyposmocoma kawaikoi sp. nov., lateral aspect; C, Hyposmocoma wailua sp. nov., dorsal aspect." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5440231" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5440231/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="28">Fig. 2A, C</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF496649FF9C8410FF07FCAD20D307D5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5440251" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5440251" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5440251/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="28" startId="13.[164,243,847,866]" targetBox="[169,779,197,814]" targetPageId="13">
<paragraph id="8B8936C1FF9C8410FF07FCAD20D307D5" blockId="13.[164,779,847,955]" pageId="13" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="B942EAD3FF9C8410FF07FCAD2315070C" bold="true" box="[164,281,847,866]" pageId="13" pageNumber="28">Figure 10.</emphasis>
Male genitalia of
<emphasis id="B942EAD3FF9C8410FE41FCB222DF07EE" bold="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="28">
<taxonomicName id="4C364D42FF9C8410FE41FCB220EE070C" authority="Schmitz &amp; Rubinoff, 2011" authorityName="Schmitz &amp; Rubinoff" authorityYear="2011" box="[482,738,847,867]" class="Insecta" family="Cosmopterigidae" genus="Hyposmocoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wailua" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B942EAD3FF9C8410FE41FCB220EE070C" bold="true" box="[482,738,847,867]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="28">Hyposmocoma wailua</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27157A8FF9C8410FD49FCB222DF07EE" pageId="13" pageNumber="28" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
from specimen on slide PS200. A, tegumen, ventral aspect; B, sclerotized hook on abdominal segment VII, dorsal aspect; C, valvae with phallus, ventral aspect.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B8936C1FF9C8410FF07FB3521FB05FD" blockId="13.[164,779,1237,1903]" lastBlockId="13.[826,1442,198,1750]" pageId="13" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="B942EAD3FF9C8410FF07FB3523200082" box="[164,300,1239,1260]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="28">Description:</emphasis>
Male (
<emphasis id="B942EAD3FF9C8410FED8FB3523830082" box="[379,399,1239,1260]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="28">N</emphasis>
= 7) (
<figureCitation id="130D2A44FF9C8410FE6CFB3420290085" box="[463,549,1238,1260]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="3.[164,243,1521,1540]" captionTargetBox="[164,1444,201,1487]" captionTargetId="figure-126@3.[164,1445,196,1491]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 1. Holotypes of aquatic cone-case Hyposmocoma spp., adult males. A, Hyposmocoma kahamanoa sp. nov.; B, Hyposmocoma uhauiole sp. nov.; C, Hyposmocoma kahaiao sp. nov.; D, Hyposmocoma kawaikoi sp. nov.; E, Hyposmocoma kamakou sp. nov.; F, Hyposmocoma wailua sp. nov." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5440229" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5440229/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="28">Figs 1F</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="130D2A44FF9C8410FD92FB3420430082" box="[561,591,1238,1260]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="13.[164,243,847,866]" captionTargetBox="[169,779,197,814]" captionTargetId="figure-621@13.[164,781,196,818]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 10. Male genitalia of Hyposmocoma wailua sp. nov. from specimen on slide PS200. A, tegumen, ventral aspect; B, sclerotized hook on abdominal segment VII, dorsal aspect; C, valvae with phallus, ventral aspect." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5440251" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5440251/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="28">10</figureCitation>
). Wingspan
<quantity id="4CCE9B24FF9C8410FD78FB3422F50164" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.6" metricValueMax="9.3" metricValueMin="7.9" pageId="13" pageNumber="28" unit="mm" value="8.6" valueMax="9.3" valueMin="7.9">7.9– 9.3 mm</quantity>
(
<typeStatus id="548D8863FF9C8410FEAEFB17237E0165" box="[269,370,1269,1291]" pageId="13" pageNumber="28" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
:
<quantity id="4CCE9B24FF9C8410FE21FB1723D70164" box="[386,475,1269,1290]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.1" pageId="13" pageNumber="28" unit="mm" value="8.1">8.1 mm</quantity>
). Head with greyish-blue scales converging to occiput becoming off-white on vertex and frons. Haustellum with greyish-blue scales. Maxillary palpus reduced. Labial palpus recurved with greyish-blue scales dorsally and offwhite scales ventrally. Antenna flagellum darkish grey; scape with greyish-blue scales and off-white ring at apex; antennal pecten present with three to six thin setae. Thorax greyish-blue; metascutellum greyish-beige. Foreleg greyish-blue. Midleg as foreleg, but also with inconspicuous off-white ring on apex and middle of tibia, and tarsomeres I–II, spurs pale beige. Hindleg as midleg, but ground colour pale greyish blue. Forewing greyish blue with some scattered off-white scales; inconspicuous dark greyishblue markings appear where scales are dense enough as a submedial patch under midline and a postmedial spot on midline; off-white markings as a small notch subapically on costal margin and another opposite on inner margin. Hindwing silver grey. Subcostal brush absent. Abdomen dorsally uniform silver grey with metallic blue iridescence; ventrally off-white, with tuft of long pale beige to dark-brown scales on each side of genitalia. Sclerotized hook arising from distinct sclerotized ring on the right side of tergum VII, large with pointed apex; minute sclerotized point on the left side. Genital flaps on sternum VIII, rounded, broad, and thin.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8936C1FF9C8410FCF0FE7E266E07F2" blockId="13.[826,1442,198,1750]" pageId="13" pageNumber="28">
Male genitalia (
<emphasis id="B942EAD3FF9C8410FBB8FE7F264805DC" box="[1051,1092,411,434]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="28">N =</emphasis>
1) (
<figureCitation id="130D2A44FF9C8410FBDAFE7E26C605DC" box="[1145,1226,412,434]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="13.[164,243,847,866]" captionTargetBox="[169,779,197,814]" captionTargetId="figure-621@13.[164,781,196,818]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 10. Male genitalia of Hyposmocoma wailua sp. nov. from specimen on slide PS200. A, tegumen, ventral aspect; B, sclerotized hook on abdominal segment VII, dorsal aspect; C, valvae with phallus, ventral aspect." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5440251" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5440251/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="28">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
). Uncus-like processes attached to tegumen, right process elongate and flattened on entire length, curved ventrally, apically pointed, about eight ¥ length of left process. Tegumen wide, heavily sclerotized, dorsoventrally flattened. Valvae symmetrical, with long and slender arms, enlarged apically, bent upward in the middle, adorned with setae arranged comb-like along dorsal margin, with three sclerotized spur-like setae of same length on each valva, minute and apically rounded on right valva, large and claw-like on left valva, being nine ¥ length of those on right valva. Phallus large, heavily sclerotized, slightly bent to the right, blunt tipped, with large bulbous base; vesica without spines or cornuti. Anellus with two lobes, thin, angled upward, both adorned with small setae until apex, left lobe bulbous apically.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8936C1FF9C8410FCF0FC4621890078" blockId="13.[826,1442,198,1750]" pageId="13" pageNumber="28">
Female (
<emphasis id="B942EAD3FF9C8410FC4BFC47261C07D4" box="[1000,1040,931,954]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="28">N =</emphasis>
7). Wingspan 8.0–
<quantity id="4CCE9B24FF9C8410FAE6FC46279107D4" box="[1349,1437,932,954]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.4" pageId="13" pageNumber="28" unit="mm" value="9.4">9.4 mm</quantity>
. Frenulum with three acanthae. Antennae slightly thinner than that of male. Otherwise externally like males.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8936C1FF9C8410FCF0FBFD26490109" blockId="13.[826,1442,198,1750]" pageId="13" pageNumber="28">
Female genitalia (
<emphasis id="B942EAD3FF9C8410FB85FBFD2642005A" box="[1062,1102,1053,1076]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="28">N =</emphasis>
1) (
<figureCitation id="130D2A44FF9C8410FBDFFBFD26D7005B" box="[1148,1243,1055,1077]" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="14.[144,223,1744,1763]" captionTargetBox="[399,1166,216,1711]" captionTargetId="figure-3@14.[398,1167,939,1714]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 11. Female genitalia of Hyposmocoma spp., ventral aspect. A, Hyposmocoma kahamanoa sp. nov. (slide PS153); B, Hyposmocoma uhauiole sp. nov. (slide PS143); C, Hyposmocoma kahaiao sp. nov. (slide PS149); D, Hyposmocoma kawaikoi sp. nov. (slide PS199); E, Hyposmocoma kamakou sp. nov. (slide PS166); F, Hyposmocoma wailua sp. nov. (slide PS201)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5440253" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5440253/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="28">Fig. 11F</figureCitation>
). Papillae anales slightly longer than large. Apophyses thin and straight, with posterior apophyses very long, about three ¥ length of anterior apophyses. Ostium-bearing process heavily sclerotized, snail-shell shaped, with broad base. Ductus bursae long and of small girth. Corpus bursae oval and elongate, and with light scobination; signum absent. Inception of ductus seminalis very enlarged, cylindrical, situated behind of corpus bursae. Apical margin of sternum VII with no emargination medially.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8936C1FF9C8410FCF0FA8D260002BB" blockId="13.[826,1442,198,1750]" pageId="13" pageNumber="28">
Larval case (
<emphasis id="B942EAD3FF9C8410FC4DFA92261B01EB" box="[1006,1047,1390,1413]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="28">N =</emphasis>
95) (
<figureCitation id="130D2A44FF9C8410FBF7FA8D26A601EB" box="[1108,1194,1391,1413]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="4.[144,223,653,672]" captionTargetBox="[149,760,201,621]" captionTargetId="figure-721@4.[144,761,198,624]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 2. Cone case types of aquatic Hyposmocoma spp., larvae. A, Hyposmocoma kahamanoa sp. nov., lateral aspect; B, Hyposmocoma kawaikoi sp. nov., lateral aspect; C, Hyposmocoma wailua sp. nov., dorsal aspect." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5440231" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5440231/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="28">Fig. 2C</figureCitation>
). Cone-shaped structure, 5.0–6.0 mm in length, very small, decorated with dark brown and black bits of sand woven with silver silk filaments; uniform coloured; aperture of case width covered with a flat and bare operculum, unlike cone case
<typeStatus id="548D8863FF9C8410FBA4F9EB26340270" box="[1031,1080,1545,1566]" pageId="13" pageNumber="28">type</typeStatus>
species where the aperture is often obscured by attached pebbles and frass, can be closed tightly by the larvae with its mandibles from the inside; each lateral side of aperture adorned with distinctive horns; case unadorned with pebbles, lid is clearly visible; background colour ranging from pale grey to slate grey.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8936C1FF9C8410FC99F8F921D40301" blockId="13.[826,1441,1819,1903]" pageId="13" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="B942EAD3FF9C8410FC99F8F921B4035E" box="[826,952,1819,1840]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="28">Etymology:</emphasis>
The name
<taxonomicName id="4C364D42FF9C8410FBE2F8FE26BA035E" authorityName="Schmitz &amp; Rubinoff" authorityYear="2011" box="[1089,1206,1819,1841]" class="Insecta" family="Cosmopterigidae" genus="Hyposmocoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wailua">
<emphasis id="B942EAD3FF9C8410FBE2F8FE26BA035E" box="[1089,1206,1819,1841]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="28">H. wailua</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is derived from the Wailua river on the island of Kauai where this species can be found.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF496649FF9F8413FF33F93223EC0355" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5440253" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5440253" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5440253/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="29" startId="14.[144,223,1744,1763]" targetBox="[399,1166,216,1711]" targetPageId="14">
<paragraph id="8B8936C1FF9F8413FF33F93223EC0355" blockId="14.[144,1421,1744,1851]" pageId="14" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="B942EAD3FF9F8413FF33F9322308028D" bold="true" box="[144,260,1744,1763]" pageId="14" pageNumber="29">Figure 11.</emphasis>
Female genitalia of
<taxonomicName id="4C364D42FF9F8413FE51F93320CE028A" box="[498,706,1745,1764]" class="Insecta" family="Cosmopterigidae" genus="Hyposmocoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B942EAD3FF9F8413FE51F9332084028D" box="[498,648,1745,1763]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="29">Hyposmocoma</emphasis>
spp.
</taxonomicName>
, ventral aspect. A,
<emphasis id="B942EAD3FF9F8413FC02F9322744028D" bold="true" box="[929,1352,1744,1763]" pageId="14" pageNumber="29">
<taxonomicName id="4C364D42FF9F8413FC02F93226EC028D" authority="Schmitz &amp; Rubinoff, 2011" authorityName="Schmitz &amp; Rubinoff" authorityYear="2011" box="[929,1248,1744,1763]" class="Insecta" family="Cosmopterigidae" genus="Hyposmocoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kahamanoa" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B942EAD3FF9F8413FC02F93226EC028D" bold="true" box="[929,1248,1744,1763]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="29">Hyposmocoma kahamanoa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27157A8FF9F8413FB4FF9322744028D" box="[1260,1352,1744,1763]" pageId="14" pageNumber="29" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(slide PS153); B,
<emphasis id="B942EAD3FF9F8413FEAEF90C2086036F" bold="true" box="[269,650,1773,1793]" pageId="14" pageNumber="29">
<taxonomicName id="4C364D42FF9F8413FEAEF90C2029036E" authority="Schmitz &amp; Rubinoff, 2011" authorityName="Schmitz &amp; Rubinoff" authorityYear="2011" box="[269,549,1773,1793]" class="Insecta" family="Cosmopterigidae" genus="Hyposmocoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="uhauiole" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B942EAD3FF9F8413FEAEF90C2029036E" bold="true" box="[269,549,1773,1793]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="29">Hyposmocoma uhauiole</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27157A8FF9F8413FD93F90C2086036F" box="[560,650,1774,1793]" pageId="14" pageNumber="29" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(slide PS143); C,
<emphasis id="B942EAD3FF9F8413FCF6F90C26C0036F" bold="true" box="[853,1228,1773,1793]" pageId="14" pageNumber="29">
<taxonomicName id="4C364D42FF9F8413FCF6F90C266A036E" authority="Schmitz &amp; Rubinoff, 2011" authorityName="Schmitz &amp; Rubinoff" authorityYear="2011" box="[853,1126,1773,1793]" class="Insecta" family="Cosmopterigidae" genus="Hyposmocoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kahaiao" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B942EAD3FF9F8413FCF6F90C266A036E" bold="true" box="[853,1126,1773,1793]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="29">Hyposmocoma kahaiao</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27157A8FF9F8413FBD2F90C26C0036F" box="[1137,1228,1774,1793]" pageId="14" pageNumber="29" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(slide PS149); D,
<emphasis id="B942EAD3FF9F8413FF33F8E920090370" bold="true" box="[144,517,1802,1822]" pageId="14" pageNumber="29">
<taxonomicName id="4C364D42FF9F8413FF33F8E923A50373" authority="Schmitz &amp; Rubinoff, 2011" authorityName="Schmitz &amp; Rubinoff" authorityYear="2011" box="[144,425,1802,1822]" class="Insecta" family="Cosmopterigidae" genus="Hyposmocoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kawaikoi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B942EAD3FF9F8413FF33F8E923A50373" bold="true" box="[144,425,1802,1822]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="29">Hyposmocoma kawaikoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27157A8FF9F8413FE0CF8E920090370" box="[431,517,1803,1822]" pageId="14" pageNumber="29" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(slide PS199); E,
<emphasis id="B942EAD3FF9F8413FD1EF8E9263F0370" bold="true" box="[701,1075,1802,1822]" pageId="14" pageNumber="29">
<taxonomicName id="4C364D42FF9F8413FD1EF8E921DA0373" authority="Schmitz &amp; Rubinoff, 2011" authorityName="Schmitz &amp; Rubinoff" authorityYear="2011" box="[701,982,1802,1822]" class="Insecta" family="Cosmopterigidae" genus="Hyposmocoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kamakou" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B942EAD3FF9F8413FD1EF8E921DA0373" bold="true" box="[701,982,1802,1822]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="29">Hyposmocoma kamakou</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27157A8FF9F8413FC7EF8E9263F0370" box="[989,1075,1803,1822]" pageId="14" pageNumber="29" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(slide PS166); F,
<emphasis id="B942EAD3FF9F8413FB44F8E923480355" bold="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="29">
<taxonomicName id="4C364D42FF9F8413FB44F8E922EE0355" authority="Schmitz &amp; Rubinoff, 2011" authorityName="Schmitz &amp; Rubinoff" authorityYear="2011" class="Insecta" family="Cosmopterigidae" genus="Hyposmocoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wailua" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B942EAD3FF9F8413FB44F8E922EE0355" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="29">Hyposmocoma wailua</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27157A8FF9F8413FF48F8CA23480355" box="[235,324,1832,1851]" pageId="14" pageNumber="29" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(slide PS201).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B8936C1FF9E8412FF07FF2423FC0556" blockId="15.[164,779,198,312]" pageId="15" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="B942EAD3FF9E8412FF07FF2422F304B5" box="[164,255,198,219]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="30">Biology:</emphasis>
Adults were reared from amphibious casemaking larvae. Case-bearing larvae were collected during the day on rocks in the Wailua river on the island of Kauai in February.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8936C1FF9E8412FF07FEB823CB05C3" blockId="15.[164,779,346,429]" pageId="15" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="B942EAD3FF9E8412FF07FEB823390501" box="[164,309,346,367]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="30">Distribution:</emphasis>
Known only from the upper reaches of the Wailua river on the island of Kauai where it is presumed to be endemic.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8936C1FF9E8412FF07FE2D23A40062" blockId="15.[164,779,463,1036]" pageId="15" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="B942EAD3FF9E8412FF07FE2D2303058A" box="[164,271,463,484]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="30">Remarks:</emphasis>
This aquatic species has the smallest conecased larva. Initially this cone case species was mistaken for a variation of the typical bugle-cased species,
<taxonomicName id="4C364D42FF9E8412FEA0FDCE238F062F" authorityName="Schmitz &amp; Rubinoff" authorityYear="2011" box="[259,387,556,577]" class="Insecta" family="Cosmopterigidae" genus="Hyposmocoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eepawai">
<emphasis id="B942EAD3FF9E8412FEA0FDCE238F062F" box="[259,387,556,577]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="30">H. eepawai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, we found in Kawaikoi stream on west Kauai. However, careful rearing and systematic analysis revealed that there are two different and distinctive cone case
<typeStatus id="548D8863FF9E8412FE3DFD6523C306F2" box="[414,463,647,668]" pageId="15" pageNumber="30">type</typeStatus>
species,
<taxonomicName id="4C364D42FF9E8412FD98FD6520BC06F2" authorityName="Schmitz &amp; Rubinoff" authorityYear="2011" box="[571,688,647,668]" class="Insecta" family="Cosmopterigidae" genus="Hyposmocoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wailua">
<emphasis id="B942EAD3FF9E8412FD98FD6520BC06F2" box="[571,688,647,668]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="30">H. wailua</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C364D42FF9E8412FD4CFD65230B06D4" authorityName="Schmitz &amp; Rubinoff" authorityYear="2011" class="Insecta" family="Cosmopterigidae" genus="Hyposmocoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="uhauiole">
<emphasis id="B942EAD3FF9E8412FD4CFD65230B06D4" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="30">H. uhauiole</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, in the Wailua river occurring together in large numbers on the same rocks. However, for some reason
<taxonomicName id="4C364D42FF9E8412FF59FD01237C0699" authorityName="Schmitz &amp; Rubinoff" authorityYear="2011" box="[250,368,738,760]" class="Insecta" family="Cosmopterigidae" genus="Hyposmocoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wailua">
<emphasis id="B942EAD3FF9E8412FF59FD01237C0699" box="[250,368,738,760]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="30">H. wailua</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is not also found in the Uhau‘iole stream whereas both the cone-cased
<taxonomicName id="4C364D42FF9E8412FDF3FCE020DB0778" authorityName="Schmitz &amp; Rubinoff" authorityYear="2011" box="[592,727,769,791]" class="Insecta" family="Cosmopterigidae" genus="Hyposmocoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="uhauiole">
<emphasis id="B942EAD3FF9E8412FDF3FCE020DB0778" box="[592,727,769,791]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="30">H. uhauiole</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and the burrito-cased
<taxonomicName id="4C364D42FF9E8412FE23FCC22012075B" authorityName="Schmitz &amp; Rubinoff" authorityYear="2011" box="[384,542,800,821]" class="Insecta" family="Cosmopterigidae" genus="Hyposmocoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ipowainui">
<emphasis id="B942EAD3FF9E8412FE23FCC22012075B" box="[384,542,800,821]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="30">H. ipowainui</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occur in both the Wailua and Uhau‘iole streams. Although it is possible that our collecting has failed to discover
<taxonomicName id="4C364D42FF9E8412FDDAFCBC20E0071C" authorityName="Schmitz &amp; Rubinoff" authorityYear="2011" box="[633,748,861,883]" class="Insecta" family="Cosmopterigidae" genus="Hyposmocoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wailua">
<emphasis id="B942EAD3FF9E8412FDDAFCBC20E0071C" box="[633,748,861,883]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="30">H. wailua</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in Uhau‘iole stream, we have made repeated trips and collected hundreds of larvae. It therefore now seems more likely that different aquatic species may have significantly different sensitivities to habitat conditions or water quality.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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