treatments-xml/data/0C/4F/29/0C4F29C4C66A33D7D424732C66E0EF05.xml

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<mods:title id="F69269E8EC54BB02CEAB107EDF3F5EC9">Order Rodentia - Family Nesomyidae</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="8AEBD4EACFD62FEE7F11CA8375188F0B">Reeder, DeeAnn</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="1386ECA85495095112ABB110F737A545">Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 2</mods:title>
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<taxonomicName id="9B7CEFC22EA542AF6AD39D2B59DFC8EA" ID-CoL="JF8" authority="G. M. Allen 1939" authorityName="G. M. Allen" authorityYear="1939" class="Mammalia" family="Nesomyidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="935" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Dendromurinae">Dendromurinae G. M. Allen 1939</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6C9D7B3AF655B88440E94AFC870D1F4F" pageNumber="935" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="4EFA4427FC26DB55164CE0423D6355B2" pageNumber="935">
<treatmentCitation id="954AB9DD77710335D93EEDD1826C68E1" author="G. M. Allen" authority="G. M. Allen 1939" authorityName="G. M. Allen" authorityYear="1939" class="Mammalia" family="Nesomyidae" journal="Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. Harv. Coll." kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" page="349" pageNumber="935" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Dendromurinae" title="Dendromurinae" volume="83" year="1939">
<taxonomicName id="21851326C2779E316C887A370DE92C7A" ID-CoL="JF8" authority="G. M. Allen 1939" authorityName="G. M. Allen" authorityYear="1939" class="Mammalia" family="Nesomyidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="935" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Dendromurinae">
Dendromurinae G. M. 
<bibRefCitation id="E1B8B9A90B38D99A2999CF276CD1C6D4" author="Allen, G. M." refId="ref4894" refString="Allen, G. M. 1939. A checklist of African mammals. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 83: 1 - 763." year="1939">Allen 1939</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<bibCitation id="FC2E1C965162399AA1348185D773E326" author="G. M. Allen" journal="Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. Harv. Coll." pageNumber="935" pagination="349" title="Dendromurinae" volume="83" year="1939">Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. Harv. Coll., 83: 349</bibCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9ABB1D9F30069B22D5A580B3FA4465AE" pageNumber="935" type="synonym_list">
<paragraph id="2901ECD823EC4E9D6382DF609091A639" pageNumber="935">
<emphasis id="549045C23E3517F68A7313A92C33791A" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="935">Synonyms:</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="62A60D004A690DE9500631A6923FCB21" authority="Chaline, Mein, and F. Petter 1977" authorityName="Chaline, Mein, and F. Petter" authorityYear="1977" class="Mammalia" family="Nesomyidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="935" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Dendromuridae">
Dendromuridae Chaline, Mein, and F. 
<bibRefCitation id="99CB3CDCD9612CF50918239888844025" author="Petter, J. - J. &amp; R. Albignac &amp; Y. Rumpler" refId="ref285142" refString="Petter, J. - J., R. Albignac, and Y. Rumpler. 1977. Faune de Madagascar. 44. Mammiferes lemuriens. O. R. S. T. O. M., Paris, 513 pp." year="1977">Petter 1977</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
; 
<taxonomicName id="3F7C532FB9AF3CE6D283E3AEE0989B0B" authority="Alston 1876" authorityName="Alston" authorityYear="1876" class="Mammalia" family="Nesomyidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="935" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Dendromyinae">
Dendromyinae 
<bibRefCitation id="D7C5ABCABC9B040801A552F0F57B36C2" author="Alston, E. R." refId="ref6239" refString="Alston, E. R. 1876. On the classification of the order Glires. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1876: 61 - 98." year="1876">Alston 1876</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B7FAF1C9D1830298E331CC9256164B89" pageNumber="935" type="child_taxa">
<paragraph id="70FCD35C62624CB7485C64C03C22DF54" pageNumber="935">
<emphasis id="F7497CE709BF07833FCA9A035097593E" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="935">Genera:</emphasis>
6 genera with 24 species:
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="74091E448956DF5BCF7665C04A6B3510" pageNumber="935">
Genus 
<taxonomicName id="53027ECF8EE7CAE78C042301B3987A8B" authority="Smith 1829" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1829" class="Mammalia" family="Nesomyidae" genus="Dendromus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="935" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="5C6C7BF3CD6376CCF5578E90A1E74A12" italics="true" pageNumber="935">Dendromus</emphasis>
Smith 1829
</taxonomicName>
(12 species)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BD2A1FA7EFC018B27A8A2B6900FDAAB1" pageNumber="935">
Genus 
<taxonomicName id="8F8071363BE3A1699491D7B831794C13" authority="F. Petter 1966" authorityName="F. Petter" authorityYear="1966" class="Mammalia" family="Nesomyidae" genus="Dendroprionomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="935" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="51210F6EB32C390379C07294DFCEC6B0" italics="true" pageNumber="935">Dendroprionomys</emphasis>
F. Petter 1966
</taxonomicName>
(1 species)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A5BBC83F8F19F10444B2146077515B4F" pageNumber="935">
Genus 
<taxonomicName id="02592E57358C2CA845314162791D5D40" authority="Wagner 1843" authorityName="Wagner" authorityYear="1843" class="Mammalia" family="Nesomyidae" genus="Malacothrix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="935" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7EA9C4A4A4316E439B8AA3839018E51D" italics="true" pageNumber="935">Malacothrix</emphasis>
Wagner 1843
</taxonomicName>
(1 species)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A91DD3F967D17B76965F12F6674C09CB" pageNumber="935">
Genus 
<taxonomicName id="758CEFE4DC11831B26912847E1C11107" authority="Dieterlen and Rupp 1978" authorityName="Dieterlen and Rupp" authorityYear="1978" class="Mammalia" family="Nesomyidae" genus="Megadendromus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="935" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1FA76FA0ED2A64208392C65DC68C5BBB" italics="true" pageNumber="935">Megadendromus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="36A1F2FEAA178256ED3A515A6E79C17D" author="Dieterlen, F. &amp; H. Rupp" refId="ref84895" refString="Dieterlen, F., and H. Rupp. 1978. Megadendromus nikolausi, gen. nov., sp. nov. (Dendromurinae; Rodentia), ein neuer Nager aus Athiopien. Zeitschrift fur Saugetierkunde, 43: 129 - 143." year="1978">Dieterlen and Rupp 1978</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(1 species)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="409C3D908C37446569483E4966E851DC" pageNumber="935">
Genus 
<taxonomicName id="EDF537E28DAB9B0EAB988520C3E3EE67" authority="Dollman 1910" authorityName="Dollman" authorityYear="1910" class="Mammalia" family="Nesomyidae" genus="Prionomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="935" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3B3F410B8F685A1AC4D04B9DD4FBF5C" italics="true" pageNumber="935">Prionomys</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="6EDE8F1F8E84AD074A693EEB386893DF" author="Dollman, G." refId="ref87495" refString="Dollman, G. 1910. Two new African mammals. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, ser. 8, 6: 226 - 230." year="1910">Dollman 1910</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(1 species)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="309794F81904790D1405DAAB9D30E0FE" pageNumber="935">
Genus 
<taxonomicName id="15A6148B60A92B682A47C5D73011462C" authority="Peters 1846" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1846" class="Mammalia" family="Nesomyidae" genus="Steatomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="935" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3DD02CBC8362CED0C875F97C533AD39" italics="true" pageNumber="935">Steatomys</emphasis>
Peters 1846
</taxonomicName>
(8 species)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CC5559FC6B935B173916A70946C43E17" pageNumber="935" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="96B5F8AF299A92E617380E6D02506705" pageNumber="935">
<emphasis id="7428AE8A7088CEFF5C20D57669A9DEFC" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="935">Discussion:</emphasis>
<paragraph id="574EC17838FB0210E6882C91EA8D83B4" pageNumber="935">
Dendromurines had been earlier allied with murines (
<bibRefCitation id="1D3420BD65DB180F3BDB79A8BF39A722" author="Miller, G. S., Jr. &amp; J. W. Gidley" refId="ref242298" refString="Miller, G. S., Jr., and J. W. Gidley. 1918. Synopsis of the supergeneric groups of rodents. Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences, 8: 431 - 448." year="1918">Miller and Gidley, 1918</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="F0C2C675D1BE31DD0C57B552A0BCC756" author="Simpson, G. G." refId="ref328876" refString="Simpson, G. G. 1945. The principles of classification and a classification of mammals. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 85: 1 - 350." year="1945">Simpson, 1945</bibRefCitation>
) but later included with &quot;cricetids&quot; (
<bibRefCitation id="A9D62613FAC73F38DF79A23A15F03825" author="Lavocat, R." refId="ref205298" refString="Lavocat, R. 1959. Origine et affinites des rongeurs de la sous-famille des Dendromurines. Comptes Rendus des Seances de l'Academie des Sciences (Paris), 248: 1375 - 1377." year="1959">Lavocat, 1959</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="A295B89AF36CD65D4B94CBA6798EF5AE" author="Lavocat, R." refId="ref205333" refString="Lavocat, R. 1964. On the systematic affinities of the genus Delanymys Hayman. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of London, 175: 183 - 185." year="1964">1964</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="B31DC05F4553CD80F5681D9F00D64F72" author="Lindsay, E. H." refId="ref213669" refString="Lindsay, E. H. 1988. Cricetid rodents from Siwalik deposits near Chinji Village. Part I: Megacricetodontinae, Myocricetodontinae and Dendromurinae. Palaeovertebrata, 18: 95 - 154." year="1988">Lindsay, 1988</bibRefCitation>
) or treated as a separate family (
<bibRefCitation id="22F04BA2CC491E41EAA4F11A99DCBC55" author="Chaline, J. &amp; P. Mein &amp; F. Petter" refId="ref57068" refString="Chaline, J., P. Mein, and F. Petter. 1977. Les grandes lignes d'une classification evolutive des Muroidea. Mammalia, 41: 245 - 252." year="1977">Chaline et al., 1977</bibRefCitation>
). 
<bibRefCitation id="01B8C948842234B9646594E148D7D01E" author="Carleton, M. D. &amp; G. G. Musser" refId="ref52182" refString="Carleton, M. D., and G. G. Musser. 1984. Muroid rodents. Pp. 289 - 379, in Orders and families of Recent mammals of the world (S. Anderson and J. K. Jones, Jr., eds.). John Wiley and Sons, New York, 686 pp." year="1984">Carleton and Musser (1984)</bibRefCitation>
attempted a diagnosis of the subfamily as then understood and cautioned that more research was required to determine whether dendromurines represent a natural group or polyphyletic assemblage of specialized relicts. Monophyly of 
<taxonomicName id="24D84474025637E04EC9E35571440CC3" authorityName="G. M. Allen" authorityYear="1939" class="Mammalia" family="Nesomyidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Dendromurinae">Dendromurinae</taxonomicName>
was also questioned by 
<bibRefCitation id="A68AB0929DB2D07471A50761C5701D19" author="Rosevear, D. R." refId="ref310288" refString="Rosevear, D. R. 1969. The rodents of West Africa. Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History), London, 677: 1 - 604." year="1969">Rosevear (1969)</bibRefCitation>
. Recent analyses of morphology (
<bibRefCitation id="5AC5B4F8DE96710CD1568C19A2F95CE6" author="Denys, C. &amp; J. Michaux &amp; F. Catzeflis &amp; S. Ducrocq &amp; P. Chevret" refId="ref82363" refString="Denys, C., J. Michaux, F. Catzeflis, S. Ducrocq, and P. Chevret. 1995. Morphological and molecular data against the monophyly of Dendromurinae (Muridae: Rodentia). Bonner Zoologische Beitrage, 45: 173 - 190." year="1995">Denys et al., 1995</bibRefCitation>
), spermatozoa (
<bibRefCitation id="480255E778FB16B5FD6CB5E50D9F1129" author="Breed, W. G." refId="ref41236" refString="Breed, W. G. 1995 d. Variation in sperm head morphology of muroid rodents of Africa: Phylogenetic implications. Pp. 409 - 420, in Advances in spermatozoal phylogeny and taxonomy (B. G. M. Jamieson, J. Ausio, and J. - L. Justine, eds.). Memoires du Museum National D'Histoire Naturelle, Editions du Museum, Paris, 564 pp." year="1995">
Breed, 1995 
<emphasis id="926E493CD4172DC8EF3326FE7C25ED58" italics="true" pageNumber="935">d</emphasis>
</bibRefCitation>
), and DNA sequences (
<bibRefCitation id="3C244DB5360C3F7640214C2DAA4AB9BE" author="Michaux, J. &amp; A. Reyes &amp; F. Catzeflis" refId="ref240856" refString="Michaux, J., A. Reyes, and F. Catzeflis. 2001 b. Evolutionary history of the most speciose mammals: Molecular phylogeny of muroid rodents. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 18 (11): 2017 - 2031." year="2001">
Michaux et al., 2001 
<emphasis id="56426DA9BFFFFED51554C04C5A8F402D" italics="true" pageNumber="935">b</emphasis>
</bibRefCitation>
; E. 
<bibRefCitation id="BFC02794E9E098B650262DDA97053440" author="Verheyen, E. &amp; M. Colyn &amp; W. Verheyen" refId="ref370339" refString="Verheyen, E., M. Colyn, and W. Verheyen. 1996 b. A mitochondrial cytochrome b phylogeny confirms the paraphyly of the Dendromurinae Alston, 1896 (Muridae, Rodentia). Mammalia, 60 (4): 780 - 785." year="1996">
Verheyen et al., 1996 
<emphasis id="EB0326A80384DA04F7861CEE5D5F71F7" italics="true" pageNumber="935">b</emphasis>
</bibRefCitation>
) have exposed the polyphyletic structure of 
<taxonomicName id="A3A5546FC92C22DAFB49D4C3042347FB" authorityName="G. M. Allen" authorityYear="1939" class="Mammalia" family="Nesomyidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Dendromurinae">Dendromurinae</taxonomicName>
and uniformly sustained a distant phylogenetic affinity between murines and dendromurines. These data collectively support removal of 
<taxonomicName id="A19AF14D5A2C2250D630423117A46975" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1888" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Deomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6D72187F0C29D411AE589CF9345E5A36" italics="true" pageNumber="935">Deomys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="C911CA7820B84C108347EE40E7F69CAE" authorityName="Matschie" authorityYear="1893" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Leimacomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="820949FB8BE202D1698E6F523C0FEDA9" italics="true" pageNumber="935">Leimacomys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to different subfamilies of 
<taxonomicName id="E007C2DB0CED059886A12E9B0B663BD9" authorityName="Illiger" authorityYear="1811" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Muridae</taxonomicName>
: the former phylogenetically associated with 
<taxonomicName id="0029DF352A52448C01CD0232E8D2EE88" authorityName="I. Geoffroy" authorityYear="1838" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Acomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E092BD695E34F3C4A59612E289BEF693" italics="true" pageNumber="935">Acomys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="B5F0B5E22FEF2F7DDF1689788E74FC2C" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1874" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Lophuromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D2BD688D0E85D931EAD69A87450974B1" italics="true" pageNumber="935">Lophuromys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="AE764A421AD82FB8AAFC902F81782127" authorityName="Dollman" authorityYear="1909" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Uranomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C08BA2F633DC2C5CCCD197DA633D90FC" italics="true" pageNumber="935">Uranomys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(see account of Deomyinae); the latter as sole member of Leimacomyinae (see that account).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AD98E56A78571881EB5148115EF8BA7E" pageNumber="935">
Divorced of 
<taxonomicName id="10753F3ED2133FAC6BDA65C785FFEDC6" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1888" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Deomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1A99A03CCD07FF920C01FD8194D912E9" italics="true" pageNumber="935">Deomys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="CF51C0A48C9437F27D9C3DC67EC4FE03" authorityName="Matschie" authorityYear="1893" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Leimacomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="16A901D3FD17CEFBFF36C797843DCABF" italics="true" pageNumber="935">Leimacomys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the 
<taxonomicName id="C127DE55635071E5A5038AFA5F99948E" authorityName="G. M. Allen" authorityYear="1939" class="Mammalia" family="Nesomyidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Dendromurinae">Dendromurinae</taxonomicName>
contains medium to small-bodied muroids whose range of morphologies reflects varied evolutionary responses to different ecological constraints. 
<taxonomicName id="1A100711801BFB1F3BACD98FC02D21BF" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1829" class="Mammalia" family="Nesomyidae" genus="Dendromus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6C28C1AE8D51A7D5E6CE0A4151506E28" italics="true" pageNumber="935">Dendromus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="3808CB6D1EE9AB555991B525A596487C" authorityName="Dieterlen and Rupp" authorityYear="1978" class="Mammalia" family="Nesomyidae" genus="Megadendromus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="BD4367AB97769351A25C0D1F8BEC6CCD" italics="true" pageNumber="935">Megadendromus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, while active at ground level, are primarily adept climbers of tall grass and shrubs where they forage and construct nests and inhabit places where such vegetation is predominant (marshes, savannas, forest edges, alpine bamboo and heath zones). 
<taxonomicName id="C46D7AAC789E23569A8FA837A14E0BDD" authorityName="Wagner" authorityYear="1843" class="Mammalia" family="Nesomyidae" genus="Malacothrix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="148112651AFD995198128A006D105855" italics="true" pageNumber="935">Malacothrix</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is terrestrial, granivorous, and gerbil-like in its morphology, habits, and habitat. 
<taxonomicName id="89F7A5A8BCEBAA03ACAA0C07CE1D059A" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1846" class="Mammalia" family="Nesomyidae" genus="Steatomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E5DB72DF0F1B945ECE1BE97372EE6E62" italics="true" pageNumber="935">Steatomys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is terrestrial, dwelling primarily in savanna habitats and accumulating fat to remain inactive during unfavorable environmental conditions. 
<taxonomicName id="5848FC5D5101FC8A47BA3DE55F3C56AA" authorityName="F. Petter" authorityYear="1966" class="Mammalia" family="Nesomyidae" genus="Dendroprionomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="BD328EE35C498B894C5A2B8181CE041A" italics="true" pageNumber="935">Dendroprionomys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="0CD81ED862D058C45593C55F2A16E6D9" authorityName="Dollman" authorityYear="1910" class="Mammalia" family="Nesomyidae" genus="Prionomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DF3DDEBDC5882FE00AB471C3765052AB" italics="true" pageNumber="935">Prionomys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are arboreal and insectivorous inhabitants of tropical lowland evergreen rainforest. Compared with the core genera (
<taxonomicName id="B17CB18E6785266ED4637C5CEB49ED0A" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1829" class="Mammalia" family="Nesomyidae" genus="Dendromus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="F23B8643B42B587D446FBF8063C3F54B" italics="true" pageNumber="935">Dendromus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="02DB6DFE7CDC3B3E58BED6B7D6AB41CD" authorityName="Dieterlen and Rupp" authorityYear="1978" class="Mammalia" family="Nesomyidae" genus="Megadendromus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="5BF8BC44CAE7FD58E539CB778FA722A8" italics="true" pageNumber="935">Megadendromus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="E9615BDA37397B15910FCE1D7857D726" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1846" class="Mammalia" family="Nesomyidae" genus="Steatomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6303EEE31F693E70E8E3AE7E99834CCE" italics="true" pageNumber="935">Steatomys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), tribal separation of 
<taxonomicName id="6F83FA00009CC2B9F0580643EAFE7191" authorityName="Dollman" authorityYear="1910" class="Mammalia" family="Nesomyidae" genus="Prionomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4916D664FBB879ECF2F9D13224A65BE6" italics="true" pageNumber="935">Prionomys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="8867E217CED4A0E1B27074B0EE0B67AC" authorityName="F. Petter" authorityYear="1966" class="Mammalia" family="Nesomyidae" genus="Dendroprionomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="850F737D131E5139179EBA3EC7872964" italics="true" pageNumber="935">Dendroprionomys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is plausibly indicated by dental traits (
<bibRefCitation id="6156D2EF49F105180185A43428935EA7" author="Denys, C. &amp; J. Michaux &amp; F. Catzeflis &amp; S. Ducrocq &amp; P. Chevret" refId="ref82363" refString="Denys, C., J. Michaux, F. Catzeflis, S. Ducrocq, and P. Chevret. 1995. Morphological and molecular data against the monophyly of Dendromurinae (Muridae: Rodentia). Bonner Zoologische Beitrage, 45: 173 - 190." year="1995">Denys et al., 1995</bibRefCitation>
), and the highly specialized 
<taxonomicName id="8A415C91A19A5E7DC04436AD744DBF15" authorityName="Wagner" authorityYear="1843" class="Mammalia" family="Nesomyidae" genus="Malacothrix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FB0EE9322865C265CB744611FAD03A85" italics="true" pageNumber="935">Malacothrix</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
may also warrant tribal segregation.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="91793DBA3D9D282734705FFD404EFA33" pageNumber="935">
Fossil antecedants of dendromurines are unresolved, although 
<bibRefCitation id="A176AB3CF29700C4A103E9C714212B20" author="Tong, H. &amp; J. - J. Jaeger" refId="ref357989" refString="Tong, H., and J. - J. Jaeger. 1993. Muroid rodents from the Middle Miocene Fort Ternan locality (Kenya) and their contribution to the phylogeny of muroids. Palaeontographica. Abteilung A, Palaozoologie-Stratigraphie, 229 (1 - 3): 51 - 73." year="1993">Tong and Jaeger (1993)</bibRefCitation>
suggested derivation from an early Miocene ancestor related to 
<taxonomicName id="97F56E56EB6E3C8796B4472ADA2F7660" authorityName="Lavocat" authorityYear="1973" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Notocricetodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="CA0A511487B90849A1D18C16C04FDB9D" italics="true" pageNumber="935">Notocricetodon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
of East Africa or to 
<taxonomicName id="55D62483C25F9AC03712759110C52D38" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Potwarmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1631C32F8ABB1584C5B070562A28E039" italics="true" pageNumber="935">Potwarmus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
of 
<collectingCountry id="F94ACF5798AB24D64F33AA214019C81C" name="Pakistan">Pakistan</collectingCountry>
(apparently also the late Miocene in 
<collectingCountry id="CD8EF96298AA39BD94BDAE901CCE7794" name="Libya">Libya</collectingCountry>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EC27BF303D34C21F998234D0DEBE28D1" author="Savage, R. J. G." refId="ref317605" refString="Savage, R. J. G. 1988. The African dimension in European early Miocene mammal faunas. Pp. 587 - 599, in European Neogene mammal chronology (E. H. Lindsay, V. Fahlbusch, and P. Mein, eds.). Nato ASI Series, Series A: Life Sciences, 180, Plenum Press, New York and London, 658 pp." year="1988">Savage, 1988</bibRefCitation>
). Extant dendromurines live only in Subsaharan Africa, where they are represented by Miocene, Pliocene, and Pleistocene fossils of 
<taxonomicName id="2D8E45CF781CF02A546955E4B12AA506" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1829" class="Mammalia" family="Nesomyidae" genus="Dendromus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="765F16DBF53BAEF566D512CCBAF1F4EB" italics="true" pageNumber="935">Dendromus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="157F1C9B02EC1B2A6503E1A819F0C5BC" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1846" class="Mammalia" family="Nesomyidae" genus="Steatomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="940119DC0C7C74A2A5CEB1E5EBA67B83" italics="true" pageNumber="935">Steatomys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and unidentified &quot; 
<taxonomicName id="6C3AF1E35B17DDBE5813EE0668F85562" authorityName="G. M. Allen" authorityYear="1939" class="Mammalia" family="Nesomyidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Dendromurinae">Dendromurinae</taxonomicName>
&quot; (
<bibRefCitation id="8414D57B5AE77A29BF1B3BFF22B99E54" author="Avery, D. M." refId="ref15909" refString="Avery, D. M. 1977. Past and present distribution of some rodent and insectivore species in the southern Cape Province, South Africa: New information. Annals of the South African Museum, 74: 201 - 209." year="1977">Avery, 1977</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="8461887801FA85009FCE7BA4790A5406" author="Avery, D. M." refId="ref15980" refString="Avery, D. M. 1995. A preliminary assessment of the micromammalian remains from Gladysvale Cave, South Africa. Palaeontologia Africana, 32: 1 - 10." year="1995">1995</bibRefCitation>
, 1998, 2000; 
<bibRefCitation id="2632D57FDE513032861278789B5F1586" author="de Graaff, G." refId="ref77436" refString="de Graaff, G. 1961. A preliminary investigation of the mammalian microfauna in Pleistocene deposits of caves in the Transvaal system. Palaeontologia Africana, 7: 59 - 118." year="1961">de Graaff, 1961</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="C6C0399A7218D142074292E1131D841A" author="Denys, C." refId="ref81481" refString="Denys, C. 1987 a. Rodentia and Lagomorpha. 6.1. Fossil rodents (other than Pedetidae) from Laetoli. Pp. 118 - 170, in Laetoli, a Pliocene site in northern Tanzania (M. D. Leakey and J. M. Harris, eds.). Clarendon Press, Oxford, 561 pp." year="1987">
Denys, 1987 
<emphasis id="EE567DDABC6A3DE09C63F31B6E491EDC" italics="true" pageNumber="935">a</emphasis>
</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="AF68A3A7A904ECD60C7EF246E5204F9A" author="Denys, C." refId="ref81544" refString="Denys, C. 1987 b. Micromammals from the West Natron Pleistocene deposits (Tanzania). Biostratigraphy and Paleoecology, Sciences Geologiques Bulletin, 40 (102): 185 - 201." year="1987">
1987 
<emphasis id="E2519910A922DB7B12F9A38FCFAAC140" italics="true" pageNumber="935">b</emphasis>
</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="4AFD91BC643542FC906AA5E86047842A" author="Denys, C." refId="ref81966" refString="Denys, C. 1994 b. Nouvelles especes de Dendromus (Rongeurs, Muroidea) a Langebaanweg (Pliocene, Afrique du Sud) consequences stratigraphiques et paleoecologiques. Palaeovertebrata, 13 (1 - 4): 153 - 176." year="1994">
1994 
<emphasis id="4E3678E3F1E694E6437A6D5749F2EDE6" italics="true" pageNumber="935">b</emphasis>
</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="2F5EE43A84698AECAF0738F95C8BBFCA" author="Geraads, D." refId="ref119471" refString="Geraads, D. 2001. Rongeurs du Miocene Superieur de Chorora, Ethiopie: Murinae, Dendromurinae et conclusions. Palaeovertebrata, 30 (1 - 2): 89 - 109." year="2001">Geraads, 2001</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="0AAFF4F15428F481F8DD18B1336E7CCD" author="Jaeger, J. - J." refId="ref171378" refString="Jaeger, J. - J. 1979. Les faunes de rongeurs et de lagomorphes du Pliocene et du Pleistocene d'Afrique orientale. Bulletin de la Societe Geologique de France, 21 (3): 301 - 308." year="1979">Jaeger, 1979</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="75BC535C657A70DE3CCB6BE3497E3C7D" author="Jaeger, J. - J. &amp; B. Wesselman" refId="ref171554" refString="Jaeger, J. - J., and B. Wesselman. 1976. Fossil remains of micromammals from the Omo Group deposits. Pp. 351 - 360, in Earliest Man and Environments in the Lake Rudolf Basin. Stratigraphy, paleoecology, and evolution (Y. Coppens, F. C. Howell, G. L. Isaac, and R. E. F. Leakey, eds.). University of Chicago Press, Chicago and London, 615 pp." year="1976">Jaeger and Wesselman, 1976</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="5B9E0EC246AC7BC3DE39578B157730BB" author="Jaeger, J. - J. &amp; H. Tong &amp; E. Buffetaut &amp; R. Ingavat" refId="ref171644" refString="Jaeger, J. - J., H. Tong, E. Buffetaut, and R. Ingavat. 1985. The first fossil rodents from the Miocene of northern Thailand and their bearing on the problem of the origin of the Muridae. Revue de Paleobiologie, 4 (1): 1 - 7." year="1985">Jaeger et al., 1985</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="95F810379AE4D288BA2126E519D5673C" author="Lavocat, R." refId="ref205363" refString="Lavocat, R. 1965. Order: Rodentia and Lagomorpha. Pp. 17 - 19, in Olduvai Gorge, 1951 - 61. A Preliminary Report on the Geology and Fauna (L. S. B. Leakey, ed.). Vol. I. The University Press, Cambridge, 116 pp." year="1965">Lavocat, 1965</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="3557999655566AECB9A054CD5BD87239" author="Lavocat, R." refId="ref205553" refString="Lavocat, R. 1978. Rodentia and Lagomorpha. Pp. 69 - 89, in Evolution of African mammals (V. J. Maglio and H. B. S. Cooke, eds.). Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA, 641 pp." year="1978">1978</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="8D92B9F0104149489502A37D81366BA8" author="Senut, B. &amp; M. Pickford &amp; P. Mein &amp; G. Conroy &amp; J. Van Couvering" refId="ref323714" refString="Senut, B., M. Pickford, P. Mein, G. Conroy, and J. Van Couvering. 1992. Discovery of 12 new Late Cainozoic fossiliferous sites in palaeokarsts of the Otavi Mountains, Namibia. Comptes Rendus de l'Academie des Sciences (Paris), 314 (ser. II): 727 - 733." year="1992">Senut et al., 1992</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="862D6B06BB148AD1F67646EBE3FAF964" author="Tong, H. &amp; J. - J. Jaeger" refId="ref357989" refString="Tong, H., and J. - J. Jaeger. 1993. Muroid rodents from the Middle Miocene Fort Ternan locality (Kenya) and their contribution to the phylogeny of muroids. Palaeontographica. Abteilung A, Palaozoologie-Stratigraphie, 229 (1 - 3): 51 - 73." year="1993">Tong and Jaeger, 1993</bibRefCitation>
). During the late Miocene, however, the subfamily’s geographic range extended to 
<collectingCountry id="A20A6870A047D8A7E3D53497BD54EA6A" name="Algeria">Algeria</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="DF2016CE256515E01FE8A5569A66A9CF" author="Ameur, R." refId="ref7424" refString="Ameur, R. 1984. Decouverte de nouveaux rongeurs dans la formation Miocene de Bou Hanifia (Algerie Occidentale). Geobios, 17 (2): 167 - 175." year="1984">Ameur, 1984</bibRefCitation>
), S 
<collectingCountry id="0F4367DE1C34B1D6737F471DCDD5844E" name="Spain">Spain</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="1286771C3E8DE78973A358C7A6B999CF" author="Aguilar, J. - P. &amp; L. D. Brandy &amp; L. Thaler" refId="ref2527" refString="Aguilar, J. - P., L. D. Brandy, and L. Thaler. 1984. Les rongeurs de Salobrena (sud de L'Espagne) et le probleme de la migration Messinienne. Paleobiologie Continentale, 14 (2): 3 - 17." year="1984">Aguilar et al., 1984</bibRefCitation>
), and 
<collectingCountry id="7D7283C8CA340F86B40855780CA18103" name="United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</collectingCountry>
(de Bruijn, 1999; 
<bibRefCitation id="3C141CDC3C18E2EDC3B7EB92413FD64B" author="de Bruijn, H. &amp; P. J. Whybrow" refId="ref76652" refString="de Bruijn, H., and P. J. Whybrow. 1994. A Late Miocene rodent fauna from the Baynunah formation, Emirate of Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. Proceedings of the Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen, 97 (4): 407 - 422." year="1994">de Bruijn and Whybrow, 1994</bibRefCitation>
). The earliest true dendromurines are two species of 
<taxonomicName id="483CBFC9737A948CFBDE28616EACEB99" authorityName="Tong &amp; Jaeger" authorityYear="1993" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Ternania" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="51B2CBCDAFA63CEF25C1B38F121DB7A4" italics="true" pageNumber="935">Ternania</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the middle Miocene (14-13.9 million years ago) of 
<collectingCountry id="C8CC74E37DE4DA36CF151DD3FC7BBFAA" name="Kenya">Kenya</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="7651A0FA5D2D54F4B19CBBB9164BAD3F" author="Tong, H. &amp; J. - J. Jaeger" refId="ref357989" refString="Tong, H., and J. - J. Jaeger. 1993. Muroid rodents from the Middle Miocene Fort Ternan locality (Kenya) and their contribution to the phylogeny of muroids. Palaeontographica. Abteilung A, Palaozoologie-Stratigraphie, 229 (1 - 3): 51 - 73." year="1993">Tong and Jaeger, 1993</bibRefCitation>
). 
<bibRefCitation id="2933E3FECB8189D96557F6736EE002C7" author="Winkler, A. J." refId="ref391730" refString="Winkler, A. J. 1998. A new dendromurine (Rodentia: Muridae) from the Middle Miocene of western Kenya. Pp. 91 - 104, in Advances in vertebrate paleontology and geochronology (Y. Tomida, L. J. Flynn, and L. L. Jacobs, eds.). National Science Museum Monographs, No. 14, Tokyo, 292 pp." year="1998">Winkler (1998)</bibRefCitation>
described 
<taxonomicName id="98DA1BC78D8C7DF0D207BDB38FD14406" authorityName="Winkler" authorityYear="1998" class="Mammalia" genus="Mabokomys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="338BAB479B730FA98DBF3E78B0F75835" italics="true" pageNumber="935">Mabokomys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from middle Miocene sediments (slightly older than 14.7 million years ago) of 
<collectingCountry id="AD7DE7591FD4AC7096090B1C7352B164" name="Kenya">Kenya</collectingCountry>
as the oldest African dendromurine, but to us its molar pattern is not dendromurine. We also agree with 
<bibRefCitation id="3275316695FDF5031DFE5B6EDD009526" author="Tong, H. &amp; J. - J. Jaeger" refId="ref357989" refString="Tong, H., and J. - J. Jaeger. 1993. Muroid rodents from the Middle Miocene Fort Ternan locality (Kenya) and their contribution to the phylogeny of muroids. Palaeontographica. Abteilung A, Palaozoologie-Stratigraphie, 229 (1 - 3): 51 - 73." year="1993">Tong and Jaeger (1993)</bibRefCitation>
in excluding those extinct genera (
<taxonomicName id="193900757C0D594934058A70E772E8DC" authorityName="Jaeger" authorityYear="1977" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Dakkamys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C62EF99BB38D488B77BF8027C64C34A2" italics="true" pageNumber="935">Dakkamys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="9795A3D7830D747A1BCB451135963ABB" authorityName="Lindsay" authorityYear="1988" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Paradakkamys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="BCBBDAC327E385043B860193EB5F24B3" italics="true" pageNumber="935">Paradakkamys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="10E35CB88490B9341BE21D7C5D32B43C" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Potwarmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4257CACC512994EC033EF71047E0FC7A" italics="true" pageNumber="935">Potwarmus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) from the middle Miocene of NW Africa, 
<collectingCountry id="71BB2990A29E660A283FB814990FA0E9" name="Pakistan">Pakistan</collectingCountry>
and 
<collectingCountry id="FC6FC316BBDEF42796BE3045E096E1E5" name="Thailand">Thailand</collectingCountry>
that 
<bibRefCitation id="87E907F0D0E669E42BC5F38A04E898B9" author="Lindsay, E. H." refId="ref213669" refString="Lindsay, E. H. 1988. Cricetid rodents from Siwalik deposits near Chinji Village. Part I: Megacricetodontinae, Myocricetodontinae and Dendromurinae. Palaeovertebrata, 18: 95 - 154." year="1988">Lindsay (1988</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="13F8E0B5EF4B42E24D6D8DC925A1CE6A" author="Lindsay, E. H." refId="ref213703" refString="Lindsay, E. H. 1994. The fossil record of Asian Cricetidae with emphasis on Siwalik Cricetids. Pp. 131 - 147, in Rodent and lagomorph families of Asian origins and diversification (Y. Tomida, C. ki. Li, and T. Setoguchi, eds.). National Science Museum Monographs, No. 8, Tokyo, 195 pp." year="1994">1994</bibRefCitation>
) defined as dendromurines (also 
<bibRefCitation id="6154840BE1D8E34FD276C2EE96D13934" author="Mein, P. &amp; L. Ginsburg" refId="ref236431" refString="Mein, P., and L. Ginsburg. 1997. Les mammiferes du gisement miocene inferieur de Li Mae Long, Thailand: Systematique, biostratigraphie et paleoenvironnement. Geodiversitas, 19 (4): 783 - 844." year="1997">Mein and Ginsburg, 1997</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="5C0006471E8AFBDDFC96697073CA0CE6" author="Winkler, A. J." refId="ref391730" refString="Winkler, A. J. 1998. A new dendromurine (Rodentia: Muridae) from the Middle Miocene of western Kenya. Pp. 91 - 104, in Advances in vertebrate paleontology and geochronology (Y. Tomida, L. J. Flynn, and L. L. Jacobs, eds.). National Science Museum Monographs, No. 14, Tokyo, 292 pp." year="1998">Winkler, 1998</bibRefCitation>
). 
<bibRefCitation id="7AB6F70E57A1156ED2C6C507FE6C9B91" author="Jaeger, J. - J." refId="ref171315" refString="Jaeger, J. - J. 1977 a. Rongeurs (Mammalia, Rodentia) du Miocene de Beni-Mellal. Palaeovertebrata, 7 (4): 91 - 125." year="1977">
Jaeger (1977 
<emphasis id="CDDAF75BF7EA4F9ECF5B127AD2DE6059" italics="true" pageNumber="935">a</emphasis>
</bibRefCitation>
, 
<emphasis id="9C25CD3DBB3661AF84EE689A2787DD16" italics="true" pageNumber="935">b</emphasis>
) considered 
<taxonomicName id="95E5D3A4275D9EA964C0170790FD112A" authorityName="Jaeger" authorityYear="1977" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Dakkamys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="73C11E39F8CCCC7C0018A69A4BA716DD" italics="true" pageNumber="935">Dakkamys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to be a member of Myocricetodontinae, where it properly belongs according to 
<bibRefCitation id="340439245281E31EEC371C5C52929824" author="Tong, H. &amp; J. - J. Jaeger" refId="ref357989" refString="Tong, H., and J. - J. Jaeger. 1993. Muroid rodents from the Middle Miocene Fort Ternan locality (Kenya) and their contribution to the phylogeny of muroids. Palaeontographica. Abteilung A, Palaozoologie-Stratigraphie, 229 (1 - 3): 51 - 73." year="1993">Tong and Jaeger (1993)</bibRefCitation>
and 
<bibRefCitation id="FAAD0BCF014841CC55F466A999097E21" author="Wessels, W." refId="ref387175" refString="Wessels, W. 1996. Myocricetodontinae from the Miocene of Pakistan. Proceedings of the Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen, 99 (3 - 4): 253 - 312." year="1996">Wessels (1996)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5487DE7F32E2FDFFE894E380C436A345" pageNumber="935">
Alston’s (1876) Dendromyinae is the oldest family-group name and was accepted in checklists and classifications until the 1940s (
<bibRefCitation id="1D2C0A58BC5C98A09A1F7256075F4F7F" author="Ellerman, J. R." refId="ref92857" refString="Ellerman, J. R. 1941. The families and genera of living rodents. Vol. II. Family Muridae. British Museum (Natural History), London, 690 pp." year="1941">Ellerman, 1941</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="CC53492F3B36833F1BF93CCD9FFC2311" author="Miller, G. S., Jr. &amp; J. W. Gidley" refId="ref242298" refString="Miller, G. S., Jr., and J. W. Gidley. 1918. Synopsis of the supergeneric groups of rodents. Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences, 8: 431 - 448." year="1918">Miller and Gidley, 1918</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="3D7843BDB61F4BAF702A3329D4562F13" author="Thomas, O." refId="ref352089" refString="Thomas, O. 1896 [1897]. On the genera of rodents: An attempt to bring up to date the current arrangement of the order. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1896: 1012 - 1028." year="1896">Thomas, 1896</bibRefCitation>
); it was abandoned for 
<taxonomicName id="85ED273134E9BBDA6B28EAB36AF22FB5" authorityName="G. M. Allen" authorityYear="1939" class="Mammalia" family="Nesomyidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Dendromurinae">Dendromurinae</taxonomicName>
(G. M. 
<bibRefCitation id="54A500FC6CB8BF1B14F3BA74E13C14AA" author="Allen, G. M." refId="ref4894" refString="Allen, G. M. 1939. A checklist of African mammals. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 83: 1 - 763." year="1939">Allen, 1939</bibRefCitation>
), as since employed. Because 
<emphasis id="7E6D3C6D91F6FCBD127B110ADA69CBB3" italics="true" pageNumber="935">Dendro</emphasis>
is the stem from which the subfamily name was derived, either Dendromyinae or 
<taxonomicName id="A0D0DE635F12008E666558785F5485E8" authorityName="G. M. Allen" authorityYear="1939" class="Mammalia" family="Nesomyidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Dendromurinae">Dendromurinae</taxonomicName>
is available (
<collectionCode id="92A5C733B196A90122553BA14228276F">ICZN</collectionCode>
, 1999, Art. 11.7); however, 
<taxonomicName id="48EE8BF071206FBC9975231525AD2E07" authorityName="J. B. Fischer" authorityYear="1830" class="Mammalia" family="Nesomyidae" genus="Dendromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="CAC9C07FCB3620AA89C66E6E021506BD" italics="true" pageNumber="935">Dendromys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the type genus of Alston’s Dendromyinae, is junior synonym of 
<taxonomicName id="0AB871A9AF8CF5A8DD2B4DC9BD52758F" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1829" class="Mammalia" family="Nesomyidae" genus="Dendromus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="AB9C36B0667B3759033A66CAE8637059" italics="true" pageNumber="935">Dendromus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and when &quot;a family-group name was replaced before 1961 because of the synonymy of the type genus, the substitute name is to be maintained if it is in prevailing usage&quot; (
<collectionCode id="BCC9CE98014D5E2E7C8A6CAEA3BD979A">ICZN</collectionCode>
, 1999, Art.40.2), a stipulation supporting continued use of 
<taxonomicName id="E7ECD3D37D7C947A7E3EB1888556937D" authorityName="G. M. Allen" authorityYear="1939" class="Mammalia" family="Nesomyidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Dendromurinae">Dendromurinae</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>