556 lines
68 KiB
XML
556 lines
68 KiB
XML
<document id="2336888AC1F9E0020A28B81AAF8C0085" ID-CLB-Dataset="2894" ID-DOI="10.15553/c2016v712a17" ID-GBIF-Dataset="3ba10b86-da39-40e8-898c-ee3dfa6f0f05" ID-ISSN="2235-3658" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5721805" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1637687619965" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Kainulainen, Kent, Ee, Benjamin van, Antilahimena, Patrice, Razafindraibe, Hanta & Berry, Paul E." docDate="2016" docId="03F487CA816E435EFCE9FAFE5CB6F8CA" docLanguage="en" docName="Candollea.71.2.327-356.pdf" docOrigin="Candollea 71 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:1E5CC43F38D0DBC531513809D1267F7B.3:Candollea.2015-.journal_article" docStyleId="1E5CC43F38D0DBC531513809D1267F7B" docStyleName="Candollea.2015-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Croton enigmaticus P. E. Berry & B. W. van Ee 2016, spec. nova" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="335" masterDocId="FFCDFFB281684356FFD3FFBB5859FFC1" masterDocTitle="New species and species reports of Croton L. (Euphorbiaceae) from the eastern forest corridor of Madagascar" masterLastPageNumber="356" masterPageNumber="327" pageNumber="333" updateTime="1699469649289" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0">
|
||
<mods:mods id="200DD8656FB6177FA5121CB1BC39FD76" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="6C5941F8FBEB02A04A09DBDE4DF3EF4D">
|
||
<mods:title id="2420EE61ACF3D6B3AE023F19DA6728C3">New species and species reports of Croton L. (Euphorbiaceae) from the eastern forest corridor of Madagascar</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="8D451EB47EAE81BC71ADE2B9854CF06C" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="B067AA5E67B5D9707E087408C793BD7E">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="A177AD9E63D42E5FBE65CD3256C150A0">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="561EBAE06699C2C5B416D57F8A4D74CA">Kainulainen, Kent</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation id="E624A32720FE67AE021921988951EB7D">Herbarium, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, 3600 Varsity Drive, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48108, U. S. A.</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="986992D3158A6E48B9664CD5DEE566E9" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="2D23D15CCE802EA4E0C769C4AFE77BB3">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="6C71EBE629DCA0326D4DB569B1222381">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="1E7A73BF9747E3C6A2DFEDF428F5C083">Ee, Benjamin van</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation id="38A3C329D43A29E99E664AE2BC079186">Department of Biology, Universidad de Puerto Rico, Recinto Universitario de Mayagüez, Mayagüez, PR 00680, Puerto Rico, U. S. A.</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="39936BFC2AFF13C69D8A19BC809A2D68" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="64150D0E794987FD72287008D893EBDF">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="C70F4C694B82F81E71CC3802DE4518F9">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="C7109DB42A1E3EA11BE41B33C48C6FC2">Antilahimena, Patrice</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation id="2C424D63CE87909DA390731866DE9FF8">Missouri Botanical Garden, B. P. 3391, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar.</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="8DB5028C556C798C841C75466A4691BB" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="514F8A79AC957AE6499C45E3BC77B199">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="5DD74A4F6A7BB459C1467845F275CE71">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="0AED246DF641ECEBD75ECB1C0478F9FF">Razafindraibe, Hanta</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation id="D0E6F84A66E3705382F39A7D29026C18">Parc Botanique et Zoologique de Tsimbazaza, rue Kasanga Fernand, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar.</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="B8CB2508C8A4774E41A897A01D5B9FE5" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="930D9FFA880D3CBBD056D340FDE1C19A">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="899B41C69A1F74C7FF450CD6ECE10A85">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="B86CE6019971967DBB3286342AEAD871">Berry, Paul E.</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation id="15BDDA4E78604B6FA67F5029EFCF24AD">Herbarium, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, 3600 Varsity Drive, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48108, U. S. A.</mods:affiliation>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="1978E36D989F645DE82B223847BF7E3D" type="email">peberry@umich.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="4197CFC710AAE508287E54947435D208">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="C77D2853A80B14950D7B80D9D4A81B02" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="988611F99B600335EB8EA346272D8B9F">
|
||
<mods:title id="EA4DDABA8999A0EBC90853630581E122">Candollea</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="9179FF4A03D854AB454FD05ADF2A5886">
|
||
<mods:date id="9802AEE419F0FE336EE92A7A55A22C0E">2016</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="6E33F488E56D704C15BFC89ACBC197CB" type="pubDate">
|
||
<mods:number id="77F7B5E08593BC51B13DE5552DCF229F">2016-11-23</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="A626A98A36DA1B41842F656373FE5087" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="41D73F7830B9DBA342799580252DF230">71</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="0E0037A6BCD67F041F1AF3962C38FD32" type="issue">
|
||
<mods:number id="69D74C6B8AEB1CE7D30B243AA6373764">2</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="2CCFE6FA9CF23459DFE39A99EC6A0725" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="8B114E06476950910B69466600BC69A1">327</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="6FD61F86A9C24843D36CD076B013674E">356</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:classification id="61063007B34F6A9863848C0D31DF5E43">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="2DF71B1F41419FE868A34809C895211B" type="CLB-Dataset">2894</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="613DE9D922815FB2F8999877EB163880" type="DOI">10.15553/c2016v712a17</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="ABD13536D6826069A5E2063DCB1C8C9B" type="GBIF-Dataset">3ba10b86-da39-40e8-898c-ee3dfa6f0f05</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="46141422AC57110CC26ECFD7A1385AFE" type="ISSN">2235-3658</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="9174F56C7F9D3FB2C63D8B670305A4CB" type="Zenodo-Dep">5721805</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="03F487CA816E435EFCE9FAFE5CB6F8CA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5789989" ID-GBIF-Taxon="191683033" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5789989" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F487CA816E435EFCE9FAFE5CB6F8CA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F487CA816E435EFCE9FAFE5CB6F8CA" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="335" pageId="6" pageNumber="333">
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3476557816E4350FCE9FAFE5C66FABC" pageId="6" pageNumber="333" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE236DC816E4350FCE9FAFE5C66FABC" blockId="6.[826,1477,1349,1405]" pageId="6" pageNumber="333">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D5F816E4350FCE9FAFE5D1BFA9D" ID-CoL="8WT3D" authority="P.E. Berry & B.W. van Ee" authorityName="P. E. Berry & B. W. van Ee" authorityYear="2016" box="[826,1346,1349,1373]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="333" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="enigmaticus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EACE816E4350FCE9FAFE5C56FA9C" bold="true" box="[826,1039,1349,1373]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="333">Croton enigmaticus</emphasis>
|
||
P.E. Berry & B.W. van Ee
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EACE816E4350FA9DFAFE5D9CFA9C" bold="true" box="[1358,1477,1349,1373]" pageId="6" pageNumber="333">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21A57B5816E4350FA9DFAFE5D9CFA9C" box="[1358,1477,1349,1373]" pageId="6" pageNumber="333" rank="species">spec. nova</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13662A59816E4350FC90FADE5BCBFABC" box="[835,914,1381,1405]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[116,143,1791,1810]" captionTargetBox="[117,1455,285,1615]" captionTargetId="figure-164@5.[117,1455,285,1615]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 1. – Distribution maps. The grey squares or white arrow on the inset maps of Madagascar show the location of the area depicted. A. Croton ferricretus Kainul., B.W. van Ee & P.E. Berry (red); B. Distribution of Croton droguetioides Kainul. & Radcl.-Sm. (turquoise) (Cours 4111 not shown), C. enigmaticus P.E. Berry & B.W. van Ee (light green) (Ralimanana et al. 1402 not shown), C. indrisilvae Kainul., B.W. van Ee & P.E. Berry (yellow), and C. plurispicatus P.E. Berry, Kainul. & B.W. van Ee (light purple); C. Croton ankeranae Kainul. (yellow), C. radiatus P.E. Berry & Kainul. (red), and Croton lasiopyrus Baill. (white). The collection in gray represents presumed hybrids between C. lasiopyrus and C. enigmaticus (van Ee et al. 2215 and 2216); D. Croton hypochalibaeus Baill. in Madagascar. [Google Earth Image © 2016 DigitalGlobe.Reproduced per attribution guidelines]" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5721811" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5721811/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="333">Fig. 1B</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13662A59816E4350FC4DFADF5BF2FABD" box="[926,939,1380,1404]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="14.[139,166,1752,1771]" captionTargetBox="[273,1331,279,1703]" captionTargetId="figure-235@14.[273,1331,279,1703]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Fig. 5. – Croton enigmaticus P.E. Berry & B.W. van Ee (A-G) and C. ferricretus Kainul., B.W. van Ee & P.E. Berry (H-M). A. Side view of staminate flower; B. Top view of staminate flower; C. Top view of staminate flower with the stamens removed to show the nectaries; D. Side view of pistillate flower with one of the sepals removed; E. Top view of pistillate flower with one of the sepals removed; F. Top view of pistillate with the ovary removed to show the five nectaries; G. Close-up of the base of a pistillate flower with the ovary and sepals removed, showing the five glandular filaments in the position of the petals (alternating with the sepals); H. Side view of staminate flower; I. Top view of staminate flower; J. Top view of staminate flower with stamens removed to show the five nectaries; K. Side view of pistillate flower. Note basally connate sepals and parallel sides; L. Top view of pistillate flower, showing the patent, bifurcating stigmas; M. Top view of pistillate flower with ovary removed to show the five nectaries. [A-G: van Ee et al. 2214; H-M: van Ee et al. 2436]" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5721817" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5721817/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="333">5</figureCitation>
|
||
A-G, 6, 7I-J).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3476557816E4350FCB2FA1E5CB2F99C" pageId="6" pageNumber="333" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE236DC816E4350FCB2FA1E5CB2F99C" blockId="6.[865,1477,1444,1629]" pageId="6" pageNumber="333">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EACE816E4350FCB2FA1E5BE1FA7C" bold="true" box="[865,952,1445,1469]" pageId="6" pageNumber="333">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4999F83E816E4350FCB2FA1E5BF2FA7C" box="[865,939,1445,1469]" name="Typus" pageId="6" pageNumber="333">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E6887E816E4350FCB2FA1E5BF2FA7C" box="[865,939,1445,1469]" pageId="6" pageNumber="333">Typus</typeStatus>
|
||
</collectingRegion>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B353C81816E4350FC13FA1E5D76F9FD" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3420017353" collectingDate="2015-08-14" collectionCode="MICH" collectorName="van Ee, Berry & Razafindraibe" country="Madagascar" elevation="984" latitude="-18.916666" location="Analantrongy" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="48.344723" pageId="6" pageNumber="333" specimenCode="MICH1513196" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Prov. Toamasina" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EACE816E4350FC13FA1E5D0BFA7C" bold="true" box="[960,1362,1444,1469]" pageId="6" pageNumber="333">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34A764C816E4350FC13FA1E5C30FA7A" box="[960,1129,1445,1469]" name="Madagascar" pageId="6" pageNumber="333">MADAGASCAR</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4999F83E816E4350FBA9FA1E5D1FFA7D" box="[1146,1350,1444,1469]" pageId="6" pageNumber="333">Prov. Toamasina</collectingRegion>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4999F83E816E4350FA8DFA1E5C7AFA1C" pageId="6" pageNumber="333">Alaotra- Mangoro Region</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<locationDeviation id="9A502FFE816E4350FBE2FA7E5C67FA3C" pageId="6" pageNumber="333">along dirt road N of RN 2, past the village of Savahoana</locationDeviation>
|
||
, [
|
||
<location id="8E826007816E4350FB9CFA5E5CB5FA3C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F487CA816E435EFCE9FAFE5CB6F8CA:8E826007816E4350FB9CFA5E5CB5FA3C" box="[1103,1260,1509,1533]" country="Madagascar" latitude="-18.916666" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="48.344723" name="Analantrongy" pageId="6" pageNumber="333" stateProvince="Prov. Toamasina">Analantrongy</location>
|
||
],
|
||
<quantity id="4CA59B39816E4350FB2EFA5E5D1AFA3D" box="[1277,1347,1509,1533]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.84" pageId="6" pageNumber="333" unit="m" value="984.0">
|
||
<elevation id="0070D1EF816E4350FB2EFA5E5D1AFA3D" box="[1277,1347,1509,1533]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.84" pageId="6" pageNumber="333" unit="m" value="984.0">984 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE69501B816E4350FA9CFA5F5D9CFA3D" box="[1359,1477,1508,1532]" degrees="18" direction="south" minutes="55" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="333" precision="15" seconds="00" value="-18.916666">18°55’00”S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE69501B816E4350FCB2F9BE5B83F9DC" box="[865,986,1541,1565]" degrees="48" direction="east" minutes="20" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="333" precision="15" seconds="41" value="48.344723">48°20’41”E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFE3101C816E4350FC35F9BF5C2CF9DD" box="[998,1141,1540,1564]" pageId="6" pageNumber="333" value="2015-08-14">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFA7E9F4816E4350FC35F9BF5C2CF9DD" box="[998,1141,1540,1564]" pageId="6" pageNumber="333" value="2015-08-14">14.VIII.2015</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EACE816E4350FB53F9BE5BC1F9FC" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="333">
|
||
<collectorName id="26A8530A816E4350FB53F9BE5D9CF9DC" box="[1152,1477,1541,1565]" pageId="6" pageNumber="333">van Ee, Berry & Razafindraibe</collectorName>
|
||
2214
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E6887E816E4350FC74F99E5BBFF9FC" box="[935,998,1573,1597]" pageId="6" pageNumber="333" type="holotype">holo-</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE19816E4350FC29F99E5C12F9FC" box="[1018,1099,1573,1597]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15602" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15602" name="University of Michigan" pageId="6" pageNumber="333" type="Herbarium">MICH</collectionCode>
|
||
[
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBFB9EA7816E4350FB89F99F5D41F9FD" box="[1114,1304,1572,1596]" pageId="6" pageNumber="333">MICH1513196</specimenCode>
|
||
]!;
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B353C81816E4350FAE5F99E5CB2F99C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3420017359" collectingDate="2015-08-14" collectionCode="MICH, MO, P, TAN" collectorName="van Ee, Berry & Razafindraibe" country="Madagascar" elevation="984" latitude="-18.916666" location="Analantrongy" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="48.344723" pageId="6" pageNumber="333" specimenCode="MICH 1513197" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Prov. Toamasina" typeStatus="isotype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E6887E816E4350FAE5F99E5D38F9FC" box="[1334,1377,1573,1597]" pageId="6" pageNumber="333" type="isotype">iso-</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE19816E4350FAA7F99E5D9DF9FC" box="[1396,1476,1573,1597]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15602" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15602" name="University of Michigan" pageId="6" pageNumber="333" type="Herbarium">MICH</collectionCode>
|
||
[
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBFB9EA7816E4350FCB4F9FE5C7CF99D" box="[871,1061,1604,1629]" pageId="6" pageNumber="333">MICH 1513197</specimenCode>
|
||
]!,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE19816E4350FBEAF9FE5C34F99C" box="[1081,1133,1605,1629]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15859" name="Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="6" pageNumber="333" type="Herbarium">MO</collectionCode>
|
||
!,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE19816E4350FBA8F9FE5CD7F99C" box="[1147,1166,1605,1629]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="6" pageNumber="333" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
|
||
!,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE19816E4350FB4EF9FE5C85F99C" box="[1181,1244,1605,1629]" country="Madagascar" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13842" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13842" name="Parc de Tsimbazaza" pageId="6" pageNumber="333" type="Herbarium">TAN</collectionCode>
|
||
!).
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3476557816E4350FCB2F93E5C71F85C" pageId="6" pageNumber="333" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE236DC816E4350FCB2F93E5C71F85C" blockId="6.[865,1478,1669,1949]" pageId="6" pageNumber="333">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EACE816E4350FCB2F93E5C71F85C" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="333">
|
||
In its sometimes elongate, bracteate inflorescences and hispidpubescent stems,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D5F816E4350FBDBF91E5B25F91D" authority="P. E. Berry & B. W. van Ee" authorityName="P. E. Berry & B. W. van Ee" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="333" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="enigmaticus">Croton enigmaticus P.E. Berry & B.W. van Ee</taxonomicName>
|
||
is closest to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D5F816E4350FC27F97E5CBAF91D" authority="Lam." authorityName="Lam." box="[1012,1251,1733,1757]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="333" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bracteatus">Croton bracteatus Lam.</taxonomicName>
|
||
but differs in its much more serrate leaf margins, larger and more conspicuous stipules, shorter petioles, and the fewer bifurcations of the stigmas. In its pubescence, leaves, and somewhat foliaceous pistillate sepals it is also similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D5F816E4350FBCDF8FE5D44F89C" authority="Leandri" authorityName="Leandri" box="[1054,1309,1861,1885]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="333" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fianarantsoae">C. fianarantsoae Leandri</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but differs in its more serrate leaves, more numerous pistillate flowers, and more conspicuous stipules.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF226654816F4351FFA6F8915C35F863" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5721813" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5721813" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5721813/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="334" startId="7.[117,144,1834,1853]" targetBox="[116,1454,279,1745]" targetPageId="7">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE236DC816F4351FFA6F8915BF8F848" blockId="7.[117,1406,1834,1954]" pageId="7" pageNumber="334">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EACE816F4351FFA6F89158EDF8FC" bold="true" box="[117,180,1834,1853]" pageId="7" pageNumber="334">Fig. 2. –</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D5F816F4351FF6AF8915A53F8FC" authority="Kainul. A. Flowering" box="[185,522,1834,1853]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="334" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ankeranae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EACE816F4351FF6AF8915901F8FC" box="[185,344,1834,1853]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="334">Croton ankeranae</emphasis>
|
||
Kainul.
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EACE816F4351FE4EF89159E9F8FC" bold="true" box="[413,432,1834,1853]" pageId="7" pageNumber="334">A.</emphasis>
|
||
Flowering
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
branch with two staminate flowers;
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EACE816F4351FC9DF8915B39F8FC" bold="true" box="[846,864,1834,1853]" pageId="7" pageNumber="334">B.</emphasis>
|
||
Staminate flower;
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EACE816F4351FBDBF8915C42F8FC" bold="true" box="[1032,1051,1834,1853]" pageId="7" pageNumber="334">C.</emphasis>
|
||
Pistillate flower. Note bifurcate stigmas and greenish sepals;
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EACE816F4351FEE1F8F8591FF897" bold="true" box="[306,326,1859,1878]" pageId="7" pageNumber="334">D.</emphasis>
|
||
Branch with nearly mature capsule;
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EACE816F4351FD59F8F85AC5F897" bold="true" box="[650,668,1859,1878]" pageId="7" pageNumber="334">E.</emphasis>
|
||
Staminate flower;
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EACE816F4351FC90F8F85B0DF897" bold="true" box="[835,852,1859,1878]" pageId="7" pageNumber="334">F.</emphasis>
|
||
Staminate flower with stamens removed to show the five nectaries;
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EACE816F4351FF00F8E758BEF8AE" bold="true" box="[211,231,1884,1903]" pageId="7" pageNumber="334">G.</emphasis>
|
||
Pistillate flower, showing bifurcate stigmas and filamentous structure in the position of petals;
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EACE816F4351FBE1F8E75C1FF8AE" bold="true" box="[1074,1094,1884,1903]" pageId="7" pageNumber="334">H.</emphasis>
|
||
Pistillate flower with ovary and two sepals removed to show the five nectaries. Note the glandular filament in the petal position.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE236DC816F4351FFA6F8345C35F863" blockId="7.[117,1406,1834,1954]" box="[117,1132,1935,1954]" pageId="7" pageNumber="334">
|
||
[
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EACE816F4351FFA9F83458EFF863" bold="true" box="[122,182,1935,1954]" pageId="7" pageNumber="334">A, C-H:</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EACE816F4351FF64F834593DF863" box="[183,356,1935,1954]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="334">Antilahimena 7554;</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EACE816F4351FEBFF83459D8F863" bold="true" box="[364,385,1935,1954]" pageId="7" pageNumber="334">B:</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EACE816F4351FE55F8345AD2F863" box="[390,651,1935,1954]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="334">Ravelonarivo & Edmond 4082</emphasis>
|
||
] [Photos:
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EACE816F4351FD34F8345B70F863" bold="true" box="[743,809,1935,1954]" pageId="7" pageNumber="334">A, C-D:</emphasis>
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE19816F4351FCFDF8345B65F863" box="[814,828,1935,1954]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="7" pageNumber="334" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
|
||
. Antilahimena;
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EACE816F4351FC10F8345B81F863" bold="true" box="[963,984,1935,1954]" pageId="7" pageNumber="334">B:</emphasis>
|
||
D. Ravelonarivo]
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34765578160435EFF62FEA15A97F8F3" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE236DC8160435EFF62FEA15A97F8F3" blockId="8.[139,791,282,1842]" pageId="8" pageNumber="335">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EACE8160435EFF62FEA15956FEF3" box="[177,271,282,306]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="335">Subhrubs</emphasis>
|
||
to
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EACE8160435EFEE0FEA1592AFEF3" box="[307,371,282,306]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="335">shrubs</emphasis>
|
||
<quantity id="4CA59B398160435EFEA9FEA15988FEF0" box="[378,465,282,306]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.15" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="0.3" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" unit="m" value="1.15" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="0.3">0.3-2 m</quantity>
|
||
tall or occasionally lianescent
|
||
<quantity id="4CA59B398160435EFF58FE815895FE90" box="[139,204,314,338]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" unit="m" value="3.5" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="3.0">3-4 m</quantity>
|
||
tall, often with a profusion of adventitious roots in the leaf litter layer (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13662A598160435EFEFDFEE15927FEB3" box="[302,382,346,370]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="16.[139,166,1817,1836]" captionTargetBox="[219,1398,279,1801]" captionTargetId="figure-31@16.[612,1005,775,1288]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Fig. 6. – Croton enigmaticus P.E. Berry & B.W. van Ee. A. Climbing habit, here together with a climbing bamboo; B. Adventitious roots emerging from the stems; C. Typical trichotomous branching; D. Leaves; E. Close-up of the densely hirsute newly emergent leaves. Note the falcate stipules and stipitate acropetiolar glands; F. Inflorescence with the pedicels of the staminate flowers perpendicular to the axis of the rachis; G. Pistillate flower. Note the somewhat unequal, foliaceous sepals and thrice bifurcating stigmas; H. Inflorescence showing an immature fruit, foliaceous bracts along the rachis, and staminate pedicels of varying lengths. [Photos: P.Berry]" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5794133" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5794133/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="335">Fig. 6B</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EACE8160435EFE43FEE15990FEB0" box="[400,457,346,369]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="335">Stems</emphasis>
|
||
, leaves, and inflorescence rachis densely pubescent, with stellate-lepidote trichomes having a stiff, porrect, whitish central ray
|
||
<quantity id="4CA59B398160435EFDC3FE215A35FE70" box="[528,620,410,434]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" unit="mm" value="2.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.0">2-3 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, the basal portion of the trichomes brown to coppery.
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EACE8160435EFD84FE015AFCFE13" box="[599,677,442,466]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="335">Stipules</emphasis>
|
||
lanceolate to falcate, often somewhat recurved,
|
||
<quantity id="4CA59B398160435EFDDBFE615A32FE30" box="[520,619,474,498]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" unit="mm" value="7.5" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="5.0">5-10 mm</quantity>
|
||
×
|
||
<quantity id="4CA59B398160435EFD57FE615A82FE30" box="[644,731,474,498]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" unit="mm" value="3.0" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="2.0">2-4 mm</quantity>
|
||
, light green, foliaceous, caducous, or sometimes seemingly absent.
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EACE8160435EFF58FDA05889FDF3" box="[139,208,539,562]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="335">Leaves</emphasis>
|
||
alternate at the base of stems, but becoming more congested near the tips and then becoming opposite or whorled, persistent, varying from patent to often ± drooping from the stems; petioles 6-15(-20) mm long, hispid, with a pair of laterally divergent, stipitate glands at the apex, each
|
||
<quantity id="4CA59B398160435EFD78FD215B4FFD70" box="[683,790,666,690]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.75" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" unit="mm" value="2.75" valueMax="3.5" valueMin="2.0">2-3.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, with a glandular, knobby tip. Leaf blades papyraceousmembranous, (broadly) ovate to elliptic, 5-9(-12) ×
|
||
<quantity id="4CA59B398160435EFD63FD615B48FD30" box="[688,785,730,754]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.25" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" unit="cm" value="4.25" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="2.5">2.5-6 cm</quantity>
|
||
, apex acuminate, base rounded, venation brochidodromous with 6-7 pairs of secondary veins, these ± impressed on upper surface, margins dentate-serrate, both surfaces and margins densely hispid.
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EACE8160435EFEFDFCE159E8FCB3" box="[302,433,858,882]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="335">Inflorescences</emphasis>
|
||
terminal, erect to drooping when elongate, 1-8(-14) cm long (very variable from plant to plant), unisexual or bisexual, with or without conspicuous light green to brown bracts resembling the stipules; pistillate flowers from 1-10 numerous in proximal portion, staminate flowers distal and in single or in few-flowered cymules of varying pedicel lengths, the pedicels of both sexes usually ± divergent (perpendicular) from the rachis.
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EACE8160435EFE5FFB815A67FB93" box="[396,574,1082,1106]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="335">Staminate flowers</emphasis>
|
||
with hispid, globose buds
|
||
<quantity id="4CA59B398160435EFF16FBE15944FBB0" box="[197,285,1114,1138]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" unit="mm" value="2.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.0">2-3 mm</quantity>
|
||
in diam., pedicels usually variable in length on same inflorescence, 1-5(-8) mm long; sepals 5, valvate, c. 3 ×
|
||
<quantity id="4CA59B398160435EFF73FB2158AEFB70" box="[160,247,1178,1202]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
, triangular, inflexed at anthesis; petals 5, ligulate, white, pubescent, c. 2 ×
|
||
<quantity id="4CA59B398160435EFE5CFB015989FB10" box="[399,464,1210,1234]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
|
||
, slightly recurved at anthesis; stamens 15-20, white to pale yellow, filaments
|
||
<quantity id="4CA59B398160435EFD42FB615B4CFB30" box="[657,789,1242,1266]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" unit="mm" value="3.0" valueMax="3.5" valueMin="2.5">2.5-3.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, ciliate, anthers elliptic, c.
|
||
<quantity id="4CA59B398160435EFE06FB415A70FAD0" box="[469,553,1274,1298]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" unit="mm" value="0.8">0.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
long.
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EACE8160435EFDBFFB415B4CFAD3" box="[620,789,1274,1298]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="335">Pistillate flowers</emphasis>
|
||
with hispid pedicels 3-8(-15) mm long; sepals usually 5 but up to 7-9 on some flowers, imbricate, somewhat unequal in size, 8-10(-15) ×
|
||
<quantity id="4CA59B398160435EFEDEFAE1593DFAB0" box="[269,356,1370,1394]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" unit="mm" value="4.0" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="3.0">3-5 mm</quantity>
|
||
, narrowly triangular to elliptic-lanceolate, acuminate, foliaceous and green on both sides, the midvein and two additional lateral veins visible, hispid on both sides and along margins, persistent in fruit; glandular filaments (in petal position alternating with the sepals) 5, c.
|
||
<quantity id="4CA59B398160435EFD48FA615A84FA30" box="[667,733,1498,1522]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
|
||
long (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13662A598160435EFF40FA4158B1F9D3" box="[147,232,1530,1554]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="14.[139,166,1752,1771]" captionTargetBox="[273,1331,279,1703]" captionTargetId="figure-235@14.[273,1331,279,1703]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Fig. 5. – Croton enigmaticus P.E. Berry & B.W. van Ee (A-G) and C. ferricretus Kainul., B.W. van Ee & P.E. Berry (H-M). A. Side view of staminate flower; B. Top view of staminate flower; C. Top view of staminate flower with the stamens removed to show the nectaries; D. Side view of pistillate flower with one of the sepals removed; E. Top view of pistillate flower with one of the sepals removed; F. Top view of pistillate with the ovary removed to show the five nectaries; G. Close-up of the base of a pistillate flower with the ovary and sepals removed, showing the five glandular filaments in the position of the petals (alternating with the sepals); H. Side view of staminate flower; I. Top view of staminate flower; J. Top view of staminate flower with stamens removed to show the five nectaries; K. Side view of pistillate flower. Note basally connate sepals and parallel sides; L. Top view of pistillate flower, showing the patent, bifurcating stigmas; M. Top view of pistillate flower with ovary removed to show the five nectaries. [A-G: van Ee et al. 2214; H-M: van Ee et al. 2436]" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5721817" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5721817/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="335">Fig. 5G</figureCitation>
|
||
); ovary hispid, green, with scattered coppery-based scales, globoid-ellipsoid, c.
|
||
<quantity id="4CA59B398160435EFE70F9A159B8F9F0" box="[419,481,1562,1586]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
|
||
diam., styles 3, each bifurcating 2-3 times near the base with a total of c. 24 stigmatic tips, curled when young, creamy-white, turning coppery-brown, patent.
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EACE8160435EFF32F9C15965F953" box="[225,316,1658,1682]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="335">Capsules</emphasis>
|
||
ellipsoid to subgloboid, greenish, densely hispid, c.
|
||
<quantity id="4CA59B398160435EFF22F9215967F970" box="[241,318,1690,1714]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 mm</quantity>
|
||
diam.; columella c.
|
||
<quantity id="4CA59B398160435EFDCAF9215A01F970" box="[537,600,1690,1713]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" unit="mm" value="7.0">7 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, with a fimbriate tip.
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EACE8160435EFF24F9015972F913" box="[247,299,1722,1746]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="335">Seeds</emphasis>
|
||
± compressed-ellipsoid (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13662A598160435EFDE7F9015A25F913" box="[564,636,1722,1746]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[139,166,1882,1901]" captionTargetBox="[229,1388,287,1811]" captionTargetId="figure-137@18.[229,1388,287,1811]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig. 7. – Croton ferricretus Kainul., B.W. van Ee & P.E. Berry (A-B), C. plurispicatus P.E. Berry, Kainul. & B.W. van Ee (C-D), C. hypochalibaeus Baill. (E-F), C. indrisilvae Kainul., B.W. van Ee & P.E. Berry (G-H), and C. enigmaticus P.E. Berry & B.W. van Ee (I-J). A, C, E, G, I. Capsule; B, D, F, H, J. Seed. [A-B: van Ee et al. 2436; C: van Ee et al. 2198; D: Ranaivojaona & Razanatsima 1173; E-F: van Ee et al. 2472; G-H: van Ee et al. 2176; I-J: van Ee et al.2214]" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5721824" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5721824/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="335">Fig. 7J</figureCitation>
|
||
), c. 5.5 × 4.0 ×
|
||
<quantity id="4CA59B398160435EFF58F96158B8F930" box="[139,225,1754,1778]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" unit="mm" value="2.5">2.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
, covered by a thin, translucent-white, fleshy coating when fresh; testa glossy, rugulose, dark brown; caruncle reniform, white when fresh, c. 1.0 mm wide,
|
||
<quantity id="4CA59B398160435EFDEEF8A15AC8F8F0" box="[573,657,1818,1842]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" unit="mm" value="0.7">0.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34765578160435EFCB2FEA15D9FFDD3" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE236DC8160435EFCB2FEA15D9FFDD3" blockId="8.[827,1478,282,530]" pageId="8" pageNumber="335">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EACE8160435EFCB2FEA15B8EFEF3" box="[865,983,282,306]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="335">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EACE8160435EFC0FFEA15BB0FEF3" bold="true" box="[988,1001,282,306]" pageId="8" pageNumber="335">–</emphasis>
|
||
The specific epithet refers to the enigmatic nature of the species, showing at times unusual characters such as foliaceous, curved stipules, prominent bract-like pistillate calyces, elongate inflorescences, markedly serrate leaves, and mats of adventitious rootlets in the leaf litter, but other times the inflorescences are short, the stipules absent, and the leaf margins are subentire. Individuals of this species can either appear to be nearly herbaceous, scraggly shrubs, or even lianas.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34765578160435EFCB2FD815BE8FD73" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE236DC8160435EFCB2FD815BE8FD73" blockId="8.[827,1477,570,690]" pageId="8" pageNumber="335">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EACE8160435EFCB2FD815B95FD93" box="[865,972,570,594]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="335">Phenology</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EACE8160435EFC09FD815BBEFD93" bold="true" box="[986,999,570,594]" pageId="8" pageNumber="335">–</emphasis>
|
||
From the four sets of specimens available,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D5F8160435EFCE8FDE15B8AFDB3" box="[827,979,602,626]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="enigmaticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EACE8160435EFCE8FDE15B8AFDB3" box="[827,979,602,626]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="335">C. enigmaticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is known to flower and fruit in January, June, August, and October, so it appears to be quite aseasonal in its phenology.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34765578160435EFCB2FD615BA1FBF3" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE236DC8160435EFCB2FD615BA1FBF3" blockId="8.[827,1478,730,1074]" pageId="8" pageNumber="335">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EACE8160435EFCB2FD615CE4FD33" box="[865,1213,730,754]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="335">Distribution, habitat and ecology</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EACE8160435EFB18FD615C81FD33" bold="true" box="[1227,1240,730,754]" pageId="8" pageNumber="335">–</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D5F8160435EFB33FD615DF5FD33" box="[1248,1452,730,754]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="enigmaticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EACE8160435EFB33FD615DF5FD33" box="[1248,1452,730,754]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="335">Croton enigmaticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is known from just two sites in the mountains of Moramanga Distr. in the Alaotra-Mangoro Region of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4999F83E8160435EFADDFCA15D9CFCF0" box="[1294,1477,794,818]" country="Madagascar" name="Toamasina" pageId="8" pageNumber="335">Toamasina Prov.</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13662A598160435EFC90FC815BC9FC93" box="[835,912,826,850]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[116,143,1791,1810]" captionTargetBox="[117,1455,285,1615]" captionTargetId="figure-164@5.[117,1455,285,1615]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 1. – Distribution maps. The grey squares or white arrow on the inset maps of Madagascar show the location of the area depicted. A. Croton ferricretus Kainul., B.W. van Ee & P.E. Berry (red); B. Distribution of Croton droguetioides Kainul. & Radcl.-Sm. (turquoise) (Cours 4111 not shown), C. enigmaticus P.E. Berry & B.W. van Ee (light green) (Ralimanana et al. 1402 not shown), C. indrisilvae Kainul., B.W. van Ee & P.E. Berry (yellow), and C. plurispicatus P.E. Berry, Kainul. & B.W. van Ee (light purple); C. Croton ankeranae Kainul. (yellow), C. radiatus P.E. Berry & Kainul. (red), and Croton lasiopyrus Baill. (white). The collection in gray represents presumed hybrids between C. lasiopyrus and C. enigmaticus (van Ee et al. 2215 and 2216); D. Croton hypochalibaeus Baill. in Madagascar. [Google Earth Image © 2016 DigitalGlobe.Reproduced per attribution guidelines]" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5721811" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5721811/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="335">Fig. 1B</figureCitation>
|
||
) and from the Tsarahonenana forest near Didy, at elevations of
|
||
<quantity id="4CA59B398160435EFC7BFCE15C77FCB0" box="[936,1070,858,882]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0125" metricValueMax="1.075" metricValueMin="0.95" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" unit="m" value="1012.5" valueMax="1075.0" valueMin="950.0">950-1075 m</quantity>
|
||
. One of these sites is in the Ambatovy mine area, the second is about
|
||
<quantity id="4CA59B398160435EFB52FCC15C9FFC53" box="[1153,1222,890,914]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" unit="km" value="15.0">15 km</quantity>
|
||
due south in a similarly forested region, and the Didy collection is considerably farther north. In the two Moramanga Distr. sites,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D5F8160435EFB23FC015DD8FC13" box="[1264,1409,954,978]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="enigmaticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EACE8160435EFB23FC015DD8FC13" box="[1264,1409,954,978]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="335">C. enigmaticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
grows in the understory or along road cuts of dense, montane evergreen forest, often together with lianescent bamboos prevalent in the understory.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34765578160435EFCB2FBE05BA0FA53" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE236DC8160435EFCB2FBE05BA0FA53" blockId="8.[827,1477,1114,1426]" pageId="8" pageNumber="335">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EACE8160435EFCB2FBE05BC3FBB3" box="[865,922,1115,1138]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="335">Notes</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EACE8160435EFC74FBE15BEDFBB3" bold="true" box="[935,948,1114,1138]" pageId="8" pageNumber="335">–</emphasis>
|
||
This species is remarkable for its densely hispid pubescence and variable-sized inflorescences, which can be very congested or quite elongate. It also has unusual foliaceous stipules and bracts, however, these may be lacking (or early caducous?) on some plants. Finally, it shows extensive local vegetative reproduction by proliferous production of adventitious roots in the litter layer. It co-occurs with plants that are included here under
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D5F8160435EFBBEFA815D74FA93" authority="Baill." authorityName="Baill." box="[1133,1325,1338,1362]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lasiopyrus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EACE8160435EFBBEFA815CB5FA93" box="[1133,1260,1338,1362]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="335">C. lasiopyrus</emphasis>
|
||
Baill.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but they have intermediate traits that indicate they may be hybrids between these two species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34765578160435EFCB2FA025CB6F8CA" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE236DC8160435EFCB2FA025CB6F8CA" blockId="8.[827,1478,1464,1804]" pageId="8" pageNumber="335">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EACE8160435EFCB2FA025BEEFA0A" box="[865,951,1465,1483]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="335">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E6887E8160435EFCB2FA025BEAFA0A" box="[865,947,1465,1483]" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" type="paratype">Paratypi</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EACE8160435EFC6EFA035B91FA0A" bold="true" box="[957,968,1464,1483]" pageId="8" pageNumber="335">–</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B353C818160435EFC03FA035B2EF9DD" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3420017351" collectingDate="2009-06-09" collectionCode="MICH, MO, P, TAN" collectorName="Antilahimena et al." country="Madagascar" elevation="997" latitude="-18.920277" location="Moramanga Distr" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="48.340553" municipality="Alaotra-Mangoro Region" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Prov. Toamasina" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EACE8160435EFC03FA035D48FA0A" bold="true" box="[976,1297,1464,1483]" pageId="8" pageNumber="335">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34A764C8160435EFC03FA035C0EFA0B" box="[976,1111,1464,1483]" name="Madagascar" pageId="8" pageNumber="335">MADAGASCAR</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4999F83E8160435EFBB6FA035D51FA0A" box="[1125,1288,1464,1483]" pageId="8" pageNumber="335">Prov. Toamasina</collectingRegion>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6B86ACA68160435EFAC9FA035B20FA27" pageId="8" pageNumber="335">Alaotra-Mangoro Region</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8E8260078160435EFC50FA685C78FA27" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F487CA816E435EFCE9FAFE5CB6F8CA:8E8260078160435EFC50FA685C78FA27" box="[899,1057,1491,1510]" country="Madagascar" latitude="-18.920277" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="48.340553" municipality="Alaotra-Mangoro Region" name="Moramanga Distr" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" stateProvince="Prov. Toamasina">Moramanga Distr</location>
|
||
.,
|
||
<location id="8E8260078160435EFBFEFA685C27FA27" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F487CA816E435EFCE9FAFE5CB6F8CA:8E8260078160435EFBFEFA685C27FA27" box="[1069,1150,1491,1510]" country="Madagascar" latitude="-18.920277" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="48.340553" municipality="Alaotra-Mangoro Region" name="Andasibe" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" stateProvince="Prov. Toamasina">Andasibe</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8E8260078160435EFB54FA685C86FA27" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F487CA816E435EFCE9FAFE5CB6F8CA:8E8260078160435EFB54FA685C86FA27" box="[1159,1247,1491,1510]" country="Madagascar" latitude="-18.920277" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="48.340553" municipality="Alaotra-Mangoro Region" name="Ambatovy" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" stateProvince="Prov. Toamasina">Ambatovy</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8E8260078160435EFB3AFA685D06FA27" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F487CA816E435EFCE9FAFE5CB6F8CA:8E8260078160435EFB3AFA685D06FA27" box="[1257,1375,1491,1510]" country="Madagascar" latitude="-18.920277" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="48.340553" municipality="Alaotra-Mangoro Region" name="Analantrongy" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" stateProvince="Prov. Toamasina">Analantrongy</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE69501B8160435EFAB4FA685D9CFA27" box="[1383,1477,1491,1510]" degrees="18" direction="south" minutes="55" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" precision="15" seconds="13" value="-18.920277">18°55’13”S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE69501B8160435EFCE8FA555BF8F9C0" box="[827,929,1518,1537]" degrees="48" direction="east" minutes="20" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" precision="15" seconds="26" value="48.340553">48°20’26”E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4CA59B398160435EFC78FA555BBCF9C0" box="[939,997,1518,1537]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.97" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" unit="m" value="997.0">
|
||
<elevation id="0070D1EF8160435EFC78FA555BBCF9C0" box="[939,997,1518,1537]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.97" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" unit="m" value="997.0">997 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFE3101C8160435EFC3CFA555C13F9C0" box="[1007,1098,1518,1537]" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" value="2009-06-09">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFA7E9F48160435EFC3CFA555C13F9C0" box="[1007,1098,1518,1537]" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" value="2009-06-09">9.VI.2009</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EACE8160435EFB86FA555D72F9C0" box="[1109,1323,1518,1537]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="335">
|
||
<collectorName id="26A8530A8160435EFB86FA555CA2F9C0" box="[1109,1275,1518,1537]" pageId="8" pageNumber="335">Antilahimena et al.</collectorName>
|
||
7106
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE198160435EFAEAFA555D22F9C0" box="[1337,1403,1518,1537]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15602" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15602" name="University of Michigan" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" type="Herbarium">MICH</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE198160435EFA56FA555DF5F9C0" box="[1413,1452,1518,1537]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15859" name="Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" type="Herbarium">MO</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE198160435EFA64FA555D9BF9C0" box="[1463,1474,1518,1537]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE198160435EFCE8F9B35B33F9DA" box="[827,874,1544,1563]" country="Madagascar" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13842" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13842" name="Parc de Tsimbazaza" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" type="Herbarium">TAN</collectionCode>
|
||
);
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B353C818160435EFCAFF9B35D3CF9DD" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3420017457" box="[892,1381,1544,1564]" collectingDate="2009-06-09" collectionCode="MICH, MO, P, TAN" collectorName="Antilahimena et al." country="Madagascar" elevation="997" latitude="-18.920277" location="Moramanga Distr" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="48.340553" municipality="Alaotra-Mangoro Region" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Prov. Toamasina" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EACE8160435EFCAFF9B35CCDF9DA" box="[892,1172,1544,1563]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="335">
|
||
ibid. loc.,
|
||
<collectorName id="26A8530A8160435EFC1AF9B35C3CF9DA" box="[969,1125,1544,1563]" pageId="8" pageNumber="335">Antilahimena et al.</collectorName>
|
||
7107
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE198160435EFB4CF9B35C86F9DA" box="[1183,1247,1544,1563]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15602" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15602" name="University of Michigan" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" type="Herbarium">MICH</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE198160435EFB3BF9B35D56F9DA" box="[1256,1295,1544,1563]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15859" name="Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" type="Herbarium">MO</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE198160435EFAC4F9B25D7BF9DD" box="[1303,1314,1545,1564]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE198160435EFAFAF9B35D01F9DA" box="[1321,1368,1544,1563]" country="Madagascar" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13842" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13842" name="Parc de Tsimbazaza" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" type="Herbarium">TAN</collectionCode>
|
||
);
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B353C818160435EFAB9F9B35BE2F990" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3420017324" collectingDate="2007-10-09" collectionCode="MICH, MO, P, TAN" collectorName="Bernard & Phillipson" elevation="1075" latitude="-18.803055" location="Ambatovy" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="48.346943" municipality="Ambatovy" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6B86ACA68160435EFAB9F9B35D9BF9DA" box="[1386,1474,1544,1563]" pageId="8" pageNumber="335">Ambatovy</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE69501B8160435EFCE8F9985BC1F9F7" box="[827,920,1571,1590]" degrees="18" direction="south" minutes="48" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" precision="15" seconds="11" value="-18.803055">18°48’11”S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE69501B8160435EFC4EF9985BA4F9F7" box="[925,1021,1571,1590]" degrees="48" direction="east" minutes="20" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" precision="15" seconds="49" value="48.346943">48°20’49”E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4CA59B398160435EFBD6F9985C1FF9F7" box="[1029,1094,1571,1590]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.075" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" unit="m" value="1075.0">
|
||
<elevation id="0070D1EF8160435EFBD6F9985C1FF9F7" box="[1029,1094,1571,1590]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.075" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" unit="m" value="1075.0">1075 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFE3101C8160435EFB9DF9985CC5F9F7" box="[1102,1180,1571,1590]" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" value="2007-10-09">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFA7E9F48160435EFB9DF9985CC5F9F7" box="[1102,1180,1571,1590]" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" value="2007-10-09">9.X.2007</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EACE8160435EFB76F9985D2EF9F7" box="[1189,1399,1571,1590]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="335">
|
||
<collectorName id="26A8530A8160435EFB76F9985D0BF9F7" box="[1189,1362,1571,1590]" pageId="8" pageNumber="335">Bernard & Phillipson</collectorName>
|
||
605
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE198160435EFA51F9985D9BF9F7" box="[1410,1474,1571,1590]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15602" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15602" name="University of Michigan" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" type="Herbarium">MICH</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE198160435EFCE8F9855B3BF990" box="[827,866,1598,1617]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15859" name="Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" type="Herbarium">MO</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE198160435EFCB8F9855B2FF990" box="[875,886,1598,1617]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE198160435EFCADF9855BF4F990" box="[894,941,1598,1617]" country="Madagascar" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13842" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13842" name="Parc de Tsimbazaza" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" type="Herbarium">TAN</collectionCode>
|
||
);
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B353C818160435EFC13F9855C5AF947" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3420017323" collectingDate="2010-01-15" collectionCode="BR, G, K, MO, TAN" collectorName="Ralimanana et al." latitude="-18.084723" location="Didy" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="48.57139" municipality="Ambatondrazaka Distr" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6B86ACA68160435EFC13F9855CD1F990" box="[960,1160,1598,1617]" pageId="8" pageNumber="335">Ambatondrazaka Distr</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
.,
|
||
<location id="8E8260078160435EFB47F9855CE6F990" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F487CA816E435EFCE9FAFE5CB6F8CA:8E8260078160435EFB47F9855CE6F990" box="[1172,1215,1598,1617]" latitude="-18.084723" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="48.57139" municipality="Ambatondrazaka Distr" name="Didy" pageId="8" pageNumber="335">Didy</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8E8260078160435EFB14F9855DD9F990" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F487CA816E435EFCE9FAFE5CB6F8CA:8E8260078160435EFB14F9855DD9F990" box="[1223,1408,1598,1617]" latitude="-18.084723" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="48.57139" municipality="Ambatondrazaka Distr" name="Tsarahonenana forest" pageId="8" pageNumber="335">Tsarahonenana forest</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<locationDeviation id="9A502FFE8160435EFA5AF9855BE7F9AA" pageId="8" pageNumber="335">
|
||
<quantity id="4CA59B398160435EFA5AF9855D9CF990" box="[1417,1477,1598,1617]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.3" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" unit="km" value="4.3">4.3 km</quantity>
|
||
NE from Didy
|
||
</locationDeviation>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE69501B8160435EFC14F9E35C71F9AA" box="[967,1064,1624,1643]" degrees="18" direction="south" minutes="05" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" precision="15" seconds="05" value="-18.084723">18°05’05”S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE69501B8160435EFBFDF9E35CCBF9AA" box="[1070,1170,1624,1643]" degrees="48" direction="east" minutes="34" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" precision="15" seconds="17" value="48.57139">48°34’17”E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFE3101C8160435EFB4FF9E35CABF9AA" box="[1180,1266,1624,1643]" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" value="2010-01-15">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFA7E9F48160435EFB4FF9E35CABF9AA" box="[1180,1266,1624,1643]" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" value="2010-01-15">15.I.2010</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EACE8160435EFB2FF9E35D9CF9AA" box="[1276,1477,1624,1643]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="335">
|
||
<collectorName id="26A8530A8160435EFB2FF9E35DCCF9AA" box="[1276,1429,1624,1643]" pageId="8" pageNumber="335">Ralimanana et al.</collectorName>
|
||
1402
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE198160435EFC92F9C85B39F947" box="[833,864,1651,1670]" pageId="8" pageNumber="335">BR</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE198160435EFCBBF9C85B23F947" box="[872,890,1651,1670]" country="Switzerland" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15706" name="Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Genève" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" type="Herbarium">G</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE198160435EFC51F9C85BCBF947" box="[898,914,1651,1670]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE198160435EFC49F9C85B99F947" box="[922,960,1651,1670]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15859" name="Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" type="Herbarium">MO</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE198160435EFC1BF9C85BAFF947" box="[968,1014,1651,1670]" country="Madagascar" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13842" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13842" name="Parc de Tsimbazaza" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" type="Herbarium">TAN</collectionCode>
|
||
);
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B353C818160435EFBDAF9C85CC1F97D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3420017367" collectingDate="2015-08-14" collectionCode="MICH, MO, P, TAN" collectorName="van Ee et al." elevation="981" latitude="-18.924444" location="Moramanga Distr" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="48.349167" municipality="Moramanga Distr" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6B86ACA68160435EFBDAF9C85CFDF947" box="[1033,1188,1651,1670]" pageId="8" pageNumber="335">Moramanga Distr</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
.,
|
||
<locationDeviation id="9A502FFE8160435EFB7CF9C85C48F960" pageId="8" pageNumber="335">dirt road N of Route Nationale 2 past village of Savahoana</locationDeviation>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE69501B8160435EFBCAF9365C21F961" box="[1049,1144,1677,1696]" degrees="18" direction="south" minutes="55" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" precision="15" seconds="28" value="-18.924444">18°55’28”S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE69501B8160435EFBAEF9365C86F961" box="[1149,1247,1677,1696]" degrees="48" direction="east" minutes="20" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" precision="15" seconds="57" value="48.349167">48°20’57”E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4CA59B398160435EFB34F9355D1EF960" box="[1255,1351,1678,1697]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.805" metricValueMax="9.89" metricValueMin="9.72" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" unit="m" value="980.5" valueMax="989.0" valueMin="972.0">
|
||
<elevation id="0070D1EF8160435EFB34F9355D1EF960" box="[1255,1351,1678,1697]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.805" metricValueMax="9.89" metricValueMin="9.72" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" unit="m" value="980.5" valueMax="989.0" valueMin="972.0">972-989 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFE3101C8160435EFA9CF9365D9BF961" box="[1359,1474,1677,1696]" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" value="2015-08-14">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFA7E9F48160435EFA9CF9365D9BF961" box="[1359,1474,1677,1696]" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" value="2015-08-14">14.VIII.2015</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EACE8160435EFCE8F9125B95F97A" box="[827,972,1704,1723]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="335">
|
||
<collectorName id="26A8530A8160435EFCE8F9125BC6F97A" box="[827,927,1704,1723]" pageId="8" pageNumber="335">van Ee et al.</collectorName>
|
||
2209
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE198160435EFC04F9135C4FF97A" box="[983,1046,1704,1723]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15602" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15602" name="University of Michigan" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" type="Herbarium">MICH</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE198160435EFBCDF9135C1DF97A" box="[1054,1092,1704,1723]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15859" name="Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" type="Herbarium">MO</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE198160435EFB9FF9125C0EF97D" box="[1100,1111,1705,1724]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE198160435EFB8DF9135CD5F97A" box="[1118,1164,1704,1723]" country="Madagascar" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13842" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13842" name="Parc de Tsimbazaza" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" type="Herbarium">TAN</collectionCode>
|
||
);
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B353C818160435EFB4EF9135BE3F917" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3420017329" collectingDate="2015-08-14" collectionCode="MICH, MO, P, TAN" collectorName="van Ee et al." elevation="981" latitude="-18.924444" location="Moramanga Distr" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="48.349167" municipality="Moramanga Distr" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EACE8160435EFB4EF9135D21F97A" box="[1181,1400,1704,1723]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="335">
|
||
ibid. loc.,
|
||
<collectorName id="26A8530A8160435EFB34F9125D12F97A" box="[1255,1355,1704,1723]" pageId="8" pageNumber="335">van Ee et al.</collectorName>
|
||
2210
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE198160435EFA50F9135D9BF97A" box="[1411,1474,1704,1723]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15602" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15602" name="University of Michigan" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" type="Herbarium">MICH</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE198160435EFCE8F9785B3BF917" box="[827,866,1731,1750]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15859" name="Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" type="Herbarium">MO</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE198160435EFCB8F9785B2FF917" box="[875,886,1731,1750]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE198160435EFCADF9785BF4F917" box="[894,941,1731,1750]" country="Madagascar" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13842" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13842" name="Parc de Tsimbazaza" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" type="Herbarium">TAN</collectionCode>
|
||
);
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B353C818160435EFC13F9785D20F917" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3420017363" box="[960,1401,1731,1750]" collectingDate="2015-08-14" collectionCode="MICH, MO, P, TAN" collectorName="van Ee et al." elevation="981" latitude="-18.924444" location="Moramanga Distr" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="48.349167" municipality="Moramanga Distr" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EACE8160435EFC13F9785CFDF917" box="[960,1188,1731,1750]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="335">
|
||
ibid. loc.,
|
||
<collectorName id="26A8530A8160435EFBDEF97F5C2CF917" box="[1037,1141,1731,1750]" pageId="8" pageNumber="335">van Ee et al.</collectorName>
|
||
2211
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE198160435EFB63F9785CA9F917" box="[1200,1264,1731,1750]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15602" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15602" name="University of Michigan" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" type="Herbarium">MICH</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE198160435EFB2AF9785D79F917" box="[1273,1312,1731,1750]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15859" name="Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" type="Herbarium">MO</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE198160435EFAFAF9785D6DF917" box="[1321,1332,1731,1750]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE198160435EFAEFF9785D32F917" box="[1340,1387,1731,1750]" country="Madagascar" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13842" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13842" name="Parc de Tsimbazaza" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" type="Herbarium">TAN</collectionCode>
|
||
);
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B353C818160435EFAADF9785D9FF930" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3420017429" collectingDate="2015-08-14" collectionCode="MICH, MO, P, TAN" collectorName="van Ee et al." elevation="981" latitude="-18.918333" location="Moramanga Distr" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="48.343887" municipality="Moramanga Distr" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EACE8160435EFAADF9785D9AF917" box="[1406,1475,1731,1750]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="335">ibid. loc.</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE69501B8160435EFCE8F9665BC2F931" box="[827,923,1757,1776]" degrees="18" direction="south" minutes="55" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" precision="15" seconds="06" value="-18.918333">18°55’06”S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE69501B8160435EFC72F9655C5CF930" box="[929,1029,1758,1777]" degrees="48" direction="east" minutes="20" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" precision="15" seconds="38" value="48.343887">48°20’38”E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4CA59B398160435EFBDCF9655C11F930" box="[1039,1096,1758,1777]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.809999999999999" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" unit="m" value="981.0">
|
||
<elevation id="0070D1EF8160435EFBDCF9655C11F930" box="[1039,1096,1758,1777]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.809999999999999" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" unit="m" value="981.0">981 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EACE8160435EFB82F9655CB5F930" box="[1105,1260,1758,1777]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="335">
|
||
<collectorName id="26A8530A8160435EFB82F9655CE4F930" box="[1105,1213,1758,1777]" pageId="8" pageNumber="335">van Ee et al.</collectorName>
|
||
2212
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE198160435EFB2AF9655D63F930" box="[1273,1338,1758,1777]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15602" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15602" name="University of Michigan" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" type="Herbarium">MICH</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE198160435EFA97F9655D32F930" box="[1348,1387,1758,1777]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15859" name="Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" type="Herbarium">MO</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE198160435EFAA6F9655DD9F930" box="[1397,1408,1758,1777]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE198160435EFA5BF9655DEEF930" box="[1416,1463,1758,1777]" country="Madagascar" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13842" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13842" name="Parc de Tsimbazaza" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" type="Herbarium">TAN</collectionCode>
|
||
);
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B353C818160435EFCE8F9435CB6F8CA" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3420017373" box="[827,1263,1784,1804]" collectingDate="2015-08-14" collectionCode="MICH, MO, P, TAN" collectorName="van Ee et al." elevation="981" latitude="-18.918333" location="Moramanga Distr" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="48.343887" municipality="Moramanga Distr" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EACE8160435EFCE8F9435C44F8CA" box="[827,1053,1784,1803]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="335">
|
||
ibid. loc.,
|
||
<collectorName id="26A8530A8160435EFC54F9425BB6F8CA" box="[903,1007,1784,1803]" pageId="8" pageNumber="335">van Ee et al.</collectorName>
|
||
2213
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE198160435EFBFAF9435C30F8CA" box="[1065,1129,1784,1803]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15602" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15602" name="University of Michigan" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" type="Herbarium">MICH</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE198160435EFBA1F9435CC0F8CA" box="[1138,1177,1784,1803]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15859" name="Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" type="Herbarium">MO</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE198160435EFB72F9425CF5F8CD" box="[1185,1196,1785,1804]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE198160435EFB67F9435CBCF8CA" box="[1204,1253,1784,1803]" country="Madagascar" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13842" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13842" name="Parc de Tsimbazaza" pageId="8" pageNumber="335" type="Herbarium">TAN</collectionCode>
|
||
).
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |