treatments-xml/data/03/DE/78/03DE78432A58F033279DFDF75E29FAC8.xml

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<document id="72DAAC9DBEA4513F97743823AD89CB3B" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.277.1.2" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13652894" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1725383294451" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Arroyo-Leuenberger, Silvia C. &amp; Sassone, Agostina B." docDate="2016" docId="03DE78432A58F033279DFDF75E29FAC8" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.277.1.2.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 277 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.277.1.2" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.13:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="13" docTitle="Tristagma graminifolium Ravenna 1978" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="29" masterDocId="FFE7003B2A50F03B2715FFDB5D4CFFDD" masterDocTitle="An annotated checklist of the genus Tristagma (Amaryllidaceae, Allioideae)" masterLastPageNumber="35" masterPageNumber="21" pageNumber="29" updateTime="1725394700054" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="28101AE65110679410CA1EF69831105D">An annotated checklist of the genus Tristagma (Amaryllidaceae, Allioideae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="9BF13B859CA456FEF14D6B9A6693A9F9">Arroyo-Leuenberger, Silvia C.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="688A1F0A7673BDE7E467E563A0E41CF3">Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin-Dahlem, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise- Str. 6 - 8, D- 14195 Berlín, Germany.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="AD178FA1E4B9F7CBB251C2416365EE64">Sassone, Agostina B.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="2DF6D4B9AAA98FEF86369ACBD0B81052">Instituto de Botánica Darwinion, Labardén 200, Casilla de Correo 22, San Isidro, Buenos Aires, B 1642 HYD, Argentina;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="9E3E2A055565C392C0F57BCBBF2B999B">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="680D3E08FEF6A0CD194DBC1572DD4226">2016</mods:date>
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<subSubSection id="C36D9ADE2A58F033279DFDF75E45FD98" box="[136,777,556,581]" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BC8C9552A58F033279DFDF75E45FD98" blockId="8.[136,777,556,581]" box="[136,777,556,581]" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">
<heading id="D0807E392A58F033279DFDF75E45FD98" box="[136,777,556,581]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" reason="4">
<emphasis id="B90315472A58F033279DFDF75DD1FD98" bold="true" box="[136,157,556,581]" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">7.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C77B2D62A58F03327B1FDF75E45FD98" ID-CoL="5938X" authority="(Phil.) Ravenna (1978: 133)" authorityName="Ravenna" authorityPageNumber="133" authorityYear="1978" baseAuthorityName="Phil." box="[164,777,556,581]" class="Liliopsida" family="Amaryllidaceae" genus="Tristagma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="graminifolium">
<emphasis id="B90315472A58F03327B1FDF75C84FD98" bold="true" box="[164,456,556,581]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">Tristagma graminifolium</emphasis>
(Phil.)
<bibRefCitation id="EFE6B4A42A58F0332508FDF75E45FD98" author="Ravenna, P. F." box="[541,777,556,581]" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" pagination="130 - 135" refId="ref11035" refString="Ravenna, P. F. (1978) Studies in the Allieae II. Plant Life (Stanford) 34: 130 - 135." type="journal article" year="1978">Ravenna (1978: 133)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36D9ADE2A58F033279DFDAD5E29FAC8" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BC8C9552A58F033279DFDAD5CBAFD0E" blockId="8.[136,1452,630,723]" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">
Bas.:
<taxonomicName id="4C77B2D62A58F03327AAFDAD5F39FD56" authority="Philippi (1884: 64)" authorityName="Philippi" authorityPageNumber="64" authorityYear="1884" box="[191,629,630,651]" class="Liliopsida" family="Amaryllidaceae" genus="Steinmannia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="graminifolia">
<emphasis id="B90315472A58F03327AAFDAD5CFAFD56" box="[191,438,630,651]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">Steinmannia graminifolia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE6B4A42A58F03326A8FDAD5F39FD56" author="Philippi, R. A." box="[445,629,630,651]" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" pagination="143 - 278" refId="ref10837" refString="Philippi, R. A. (1884). Plantas nuevas chilenas. Anales de La Universidad de Chile 93: 143 - 278." type="journal article" year="1884">Philippi (1884: 64)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="4C77B2D62A58F0332585FDAD5938FD56" authority="(Phil.) Looser (1944: 79)" authorityName="Looser" authorityPageNumber="79" authorityYear="1944" baseAuthorityName="Phil." box="[656,1140,630,651]" class="Liliopsida" family="Amaryllidaceae" genus="Garaventia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="graminifolia">
<emphasis id="B90315472A58F0332585FDAD5E37FD56" box="[656,891,630,651]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">Garaventia graminifolia</emphasis>
(Phil.)
<bibRefCitation id="EFE6B4A42A58F03324D0FDAD5938FD56" author="Looser, G." box="[965,1140,630,651]" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" refId="ref10398" refString="Looser, G. (1944) Botanica Miscelanea VII. Revista Chilena de Historia Natural. Valparaiso 48: 79." type="journal volume" year="1944">Looser (1944: 79)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="4C77B2D62A58F033239AFDAD5CE3FD72" authority="(Phil.) Traub (1968: 49)" authorityName="Traub" authorityPageNumber="49" authorityYear="1968" baseAuthorityName="Phil." class="Liliopsida" family="Amaryllidaceae" genus="Nothoscordum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="graminifolium">
<emphasis id="B90315472A58F033239AFDAD58E7FD56" box="[1167,1451,630,651]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">Nothoscordum graminifolium</emphasis>
(Phil.)
<bibRefCitation id="EFE6B4A42A58F0332616FD415CE3FD72" author="Traub, H. P." box="[259,431,666,687]" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" refId="ref11665" refString="Traub, H. P. (1968) Amaryllis notes. Plant Life (Stanford) 24: 49." type="journal volume" year="1968">Traub (1968: 49)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. Type (
<typeStatus id="54CC77F72A58F03326EFFD415F1AFD72" box="[506,598,666,687]" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
, designated here):—
<collectingCountry id="F36089C52A58F0332437FD415E21FD72" box="[802,877,666,687]" name="Chile" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">CHILE</collectingCountry>
. Cerro Renca, 1883/8,
<emphasis id="B90315472A58F0332340FD4159AEFD72" box="[1109,1250,666,687]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">F. Philippi s.n</emphasis>
. (SGO 000001119!;
<typeStatus id="54CC77F72A58F03327A8FD655C79FD0E" box="[189,309,702,723]" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" type="isolectotype">isolectotype</typeStatus>
: SGO 000001120!).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC8C9552A58F033279DFCDF5C1BFC28" blockId="8.[136,1453,772,1301]" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="B90315472A58F033279DFCDF5D87FCC0" bold="true" box="[136,203,772,797]" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">Notes</emphasis>
:
<emphasis id="B90315472A58F03327C6FCDF5DA3FCC0" bold="true" box="[211,239,772,797]" pageId="8" pageNumber="29"></emphasis>
First
<bibRefCitation id="EFE6B4A42A58F033263BFCDF5C8AFCC0" author="Traub, H. P." box="[302,454,772,797]" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" refId="ref11665" refString="Traub, H. P. (1968) Amaryllis notes. Plant Life (Stanford) 24: 49." type="journal volume" year="1968">Traub (1968)</bibRefCitation>
treated this species under
<taxonomicName id="4C77B2D62A58F033241CFCDF5EE1FCC0" authorityName="Kunth" authorityYear="1843" box="[777,941,772,797]" class="Liliopsida" family="Amaryllidaceae" genus="Nothoscordum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90315472A58F033241CFCDF5EE1FCC0" box="[777,941,772,797]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">Nothoscordum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and then
<bibRefCitation id="EFE6B4A42A58F0332324FCDF585BFCC0" author="Guaglianone, R. E." box="[1073,1303,772,797]" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" pagination="159 - 240" refId="ref9934" refString="Guaglianone, R. E. (1972) Sinopsis de las especies de Ipheion Raf. y Nothoscordum Kunth (Liliaceas) de Entre Rios y regiones vecinas. Darwiniana 17: 159 - 240." type="journal article" year="1972">Guaglianone (1972)</bibRefCitation>
placed it as a doubtful species of
<taxonomicName id="4C77B2D62A58F033269DFCF35F60FC9C" authorityName="Kunth" authorityYear="1843" box="[392,556,808,833]" class="Liliopsida" family="Amaryllidaceae" genus="Nothoscordum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90315472A58F033269DFCF35F60FC9C" box="[392,556,808,833]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">Nothoscordum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. However, as stated by
<bibRefCitation id="EFE6B4A42A58F0332459FCF3594AFC9C" author="Ravenna, P. F." box="[844,1030,808,833]" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" pagination="130 - 135" refId="ref11035" refString="Ravenna, P. F. (1978) Studies in the Allieae II. Plant Life (Stanford) 34: 130 - 135." type="journal article" year="1978">Ravenna (1978)</bibRefCitation>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C77B2D62A58F0332303FCF3587FFC9C" authorityName="Ravenna" authorityYear="1978" baseAuthorityName="Phil." box="[1046,1331,808,833]" class="Liliopsida" family="Amaryllidaceae" genus="Tristagma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="graminifolium">
<emphasis id="B90315472A58F0332303FCF3587FFC9C" box="[1046,1331,808,833]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">Tristagma graminifolium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has fused tepals forming a tube and the base chromosome number is 2n = 2x = 8 (metacentric chromosomes), as in the rest of the studied species of
<taxonomicName id="4C77B2D62A58F033269CFCAB5CB7FC54" authorityName="Poeppig" authorityYear="1833" box="[393,507,880,905]" class="Liliopsida" family="Amaryllidaceae" genus="Tristagma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90315472A58F033269CFCAB5CB7FC54" box="[393,507,880,905]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">Tristagma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, whereas in
<taxonomicName id="4C77B2D62A58F033259AFCAB5E7FFC54" authorityName="Kunth" authorityYear="1843" box="[655,819,880,905]" class="Liliopsida" family="Amaryllidaceae" genus="Nothoscordum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90315472A58F033259AFCAB5E7FFC54" box="[655,819,880,905]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">Nothoscordum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the basic chromosome number is x = 5 (3 metacentric + 2 acrocentric chromosome pairs) or x = 4 (3 metacentric + 1 acrocentric chromosome pairs) (
<bibRefCitation id="EFE6B4A42A58F03323CAFC4F5824FC70" author="Crosa, O." box="[1247,1384,916,941]" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" pagination="361 - 366" refId="ref9645" refString="Crosa, O. (1981) Los cromosomas de cinco especies del genero Tristagma (Liliaceae). Darwiniana 23: 361 - 366." type="journal article" year="1981">Crosa 1981</bibRefCitation>
). In a preliminary phylogenetic study of
<taxonomicName id="4C77B2D62A58F033250CFC635FC7FC0C" authorityName="Poeppig" authorityYear="1833" box="[537,651,952,977]" class="Liliopsida" family="Amaryllidaceae" genus="Tristagma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90315472A58F033250CFC635FC7FC0C" box="[537,651,952,977]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">Tristagma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, this species also resolved as part of
<taxonomicName id="4C77B2D62A58F0332356FC6359F9FC0C" authorityName="Poeppig" authorityYear="1833" box="[1091,1205,952,977]" class="Liliopsida" family="Amaryllidaceae" genus="Tristagma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90315472A58F0332356FC6359F9FC0C" box="[1091,1205,952,977]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">Tristagma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(A.B. Sassone, L.M. Giussani in prep.).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC8C9552A58F03327A8FBDB5E29FAC8" blockId="8.[136,1453,772,1301]" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="B90315472A58F03327A8FBDB5CFCFBC4" bold="true" box="[189,432,1024,1049]" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">Conservation status</emphasis>
:
<emphasis id="B90315472A58F03326ADFBDB5C98FBC4" bold="true" box="[440,468,1024,1049]" pageId="8" pageNumber="29"></emphasis>
Endangered (EN), under criterion B1ab(iii) ([a: severely fragmented or Number of locations; b(iii): continuing decline observed of the area, extent and/or quality of habitat)]. The species was found in five hills near
<collectingRegion id="49B307B72A58F033263EFB935CDCFBBC" box="[299,400,1096,1121]" country="Chile" name="Region Metropolitana" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">Santiago</collectingRegion>
, that are severely fragmented with disturbed vegetation affected by human activity (
<figureCitation id="134CD5D02A58F0332251FB9358D3FBBC" box="[1348,1439,1096,1121]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[136,229,1878,1899]" captionTargetBox="[169,1403,210,1828]" captionTargetId="figure-14@3.[159,1428,190,1853]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Area of distribution of: A, T. graminifolium. B, T. nivale. C, T. patagonicum. D, T. porrifolium. E, T. violaceum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13652900" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13652900/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
). Following the proposal made by the Ministerio de Ambiente de
<collectingCountry id="F36089C52A58F033245FFBB75ECBFB58" box="[842,903,1132,1157]" name="Chile" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">Chile</collectingCountry>
this species is considered Vulnerable (VU, http:// www.mma.gob.cl/clasificacionespecies/fichas8proceso/fichas_finales/
<taxonomicName id="4C77B2D62A58F03324ADFB4B59A7FB74" authorityName="Ravenna" authorityYear="1978" baseAuthorityName="Phil." box="[952,1259,1168,1193]" class="Liliopsida" family="Amaryllidaceae" genus="Tristagma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="graminifolium">Tristagma_graminifolium</taxonomicName>
_P08_propuesta. pdf.). According to
<bibRefCitation id="EFE6B4A42A58F033267CFB6F5F2EFB10" author="Ravenna, P. &amp; Teillier, S. &amp; Macaya, J. &amp; Rodriguez, R. &amp; Zollner, O." box="[361,610,1204,1229]" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" pagination="47 - 68" refId="ref11157" refString="Ravenna, P., Teillier, S., Macaya, J., Rodriguez, R. &amp; Zollner, O. (1998) Categorias de conservacion de las plantas bulbosas nativas de Chile. Boletin del Museo Nacional de Historia Natural 47: 47 - 68." type="journal article" year="1998">
Ravenna
<emphasis id="B90315472A58F03326C6FB6F5F41FB10" box="[467,525,1204,1229]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">et al.</emphasis>
(1998)
</bibRefCitation>
, this species also occurs in
<collectingRegion id="49B307B72A58F033248AFB6F5954FB10" box="[927,1048,1204,1229]" country="Chile" name="Valparaiso" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">Valparaiso</collectingRegion>
, for which we do not have records. However, the conservation status proposal includes a photo of a plant which is misidentified—the plant is part of a herbarium sheet of
<taxonomicName id="4C77B2D62A58F0332674FB275F50FAC8" authorityName="Ravenna" authorityYear="1978" baseAuthorityName="Phil." box="[353,540,1276,1301]" class="Liliopsida" family="Amaryllidaceae" genus="Tristagma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="graminifolium">
<emphasis id="B90315472A58F0332674FB275F50FAC8" box="[353,540,1276,1301]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">T. graminifolium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis id="B90315472A58F0332538FB275FA3FAC8" box="[557,751,1276,1301]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">Grandjot 146276</emphasis>
, CONC!).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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