201 lines
21 KiB
XML
201 lines
21 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="E178663FB2100FE0C0229474FAF182E7">Three new species and four new species records of earthworms of the genus Moniligaster Perrier, 1872 (Clitellata: Moniligastridae) from Kerala region of the Western Ghats Biodiversity Hotspot, India</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="A89E791E333750A1F3D45F5AB33E49C2">Narayanan, S. Prasanth</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="C483138E5BC5021EAC29743D5BBE4D10">Advanced Centre of Environmental Studies and Sustainable Development, Mahatma Gandhi University, Priyadarsini Hills, Kottayam - 686560, Kerala, India</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="19F152D0307DC5A3AE8709A39055DB59">Sathrumithra, S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="5B366A8207037265AE1D95DE8061DFC9">Advanced Centre of Environmental Studies and Sustainable Development, Mahatma Gandhi University, Priyadarsini Hills, Kottayam - 686560, Kerala, India</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="1F79B9CB7F681F7044C8A1B20DD82C64">Anuja, R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="CAA8C49F9633EF965DE3574D4A43710B">School of Environmental Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Priyadarsini Hills, Kottayam - 686560, Kerala, India</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="21B220A0842C1D547A9B3C4FC58FED3E">Christopher, G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="91FF4476D89CC1FBA9579228CB1D9FD8">Advanced Centre of Environmental Studies and Sustainable Development, Mahatma Gandhi University, Priyadarsini Hills, Kottayam - 686560, Kerala, India</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="3712EACF40D4144C8978146B2D7BE87B">Thomas, A. P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="63F8492D09F28ED3EAA9749CD8C25E2D">Advanced Centre of Environmental Studies and Sustainable Development, Mahatma Gandhi University, Priyadarsini Hills, Kottayam - 686560, Kerala, India</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="3F8066479C4F5712CE548677C87E64FA">Julka, J. M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="F77E9526D833D3D51EC9028D2C498774">School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan- 173212, Himachal Pradesh, India</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="C69CA72324A52C5E8BCDB8FD30C8426E">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="7FAF467CC294EFDC8D661AEADDED0CD2">2021-03-25</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="41B2E1B33FFFDA8F3605760602DF34CB">4949</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03DE3E2AE90BFFF0DACCFC9FC854FA74" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4636262" ID-GBIF-Taxon="180876794" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4636262" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DE3E2AE90BFFF0DACCFC9FC854FA74" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DE3E2AE90BFFF0DACCFC9FC854FA74" lastPageNumber="392" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">
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<taxonomicName id="4C77F4BFE90BFFF0DACCFC9FC860FCF9" authority="Gates, 1940" authorityName="Gates" authorityYear="1940" box="[151,609,829,856]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Moniligaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Moniligastrida" pageId="11" pageNumber="392" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="stephensoni">
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<emphasis id="B903532EE90BFFF0DACCFC9FC860FCF9" bold="true" box="[151,609,829,856]" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">
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<emphasis id="B903532EE90BFFF0DACCFC9FCBC9FCF9" bold="true" box="[151,456,829,856]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">Moniligaster stephensoni</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE6F2CDE90BFFF0DB8BFC9FC860FCF9" author="Gates, G. E." box="[464,609,829,856]" pageId="11" pageNumber="392" pagination="487 - 518" refId="ref12401" refString="Gates, G. E. (1940) Indian earthworms XIII. The genus Moniligaster. Records of the Indian Museum, 42, 487 - 518." type="journal article" year="1940">Gates, 1940</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="8BC88F3CE90BFFF0DACCFC20CE78FC3B" blockId="11.[151,1145,898,953]" box="[151,1145,898,922]" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">
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<treatmentCitation id="0AD6A92DE90BFFF0DACCFC20C953FC3B" author="Stephenson, J." box="[151,850,898,922]" page="322" pageId="11" pageNumber="392" year="1924">
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<taxonomicName id="4C77F4BFE90BFFF0DACCFC20C953FC3B" authority="Michaelsen, 1907 sensu Stephenson 1924: 322" authorityName="Michaelsen, 1907 sensu Stephenson" authorityPageNumber="322" authorityYear="1924" box="[151,850,898,922]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Moniligaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Moniligastrida" pageId="11" pageNumber="392" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="perrieri">
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<emphasis id="B903532EE90BFFF0DACCFC20CB6EFC3B" box="[151,367,898,922]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">Moniligaster perrieri</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE6F2CDE90BFFF0DB2DFC20C82BFC3B" author="Michaelsen, W." box="[374,554,898,922]" pageId="11" pageNumber="392" pagination="143 - 188" refId="ref13062" refString="Michaelsen, W. (1907) Neue Oligochaten von Vorder-Indien, Ceylon, Birma und den Andaman-Inseln. Jahrbuch der Hamburgischen Wissenschaftlichen Anstalten, 24, 143 - 188." type="journal article" year="1907">Michaelsen, 1907</bibRefCitation>
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<emphasis id="B903532EE90BFFF0D86BFC21C869FC3B" box="[560,616,899,922]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">sensu</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE6F2CDE90BFFF0D834FC20C953FC3B" author="Stephenson, J." box="[623,850,898,922]" pageId="11" pageNumber="392" pagination="317 - 365" refId="ref13720" refString="Stephenson, J. (1924) One some Indian Oligochaeta, with a description of two new genera of Ocnerodrilinae. Records of the Indian Museum, 26, 317 - 365." type="journal article" year="1924">Stephenson 1924: 322</bibRefCitation>
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, “partim” (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE6F2CDE90BFFF0D999FC20CE6FFC3B" author="Gates, G. E." box="[962,1134,898,922]" pageId="11" pageNumber="392" pagination="487 - 518" refId="ref12401" refString="Gates, G. E. (1940) Indian earthworms XIII. The genus Moniligaster. Records of the Indian Museum, 42, 487 - 518." type="journal article" year="1940">Gates 1940: 514</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC88F3CE90BFFF0DACCFC03C853FC18" blockId="11.[151,1145,898,953]" box="[151,594,929,953]" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">
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<treatmentCitation id="0AD6A92DE90BFFF0DACCFC03C84FFC18" author="Gates, G. E." box="[151,590,929,953]" page="514" pageId="11" pageNumber="392" year="1940">
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<taxonomicName id="4C77F4BFE90BFFF0DACCFC03C84FFC18" authority="Gates, 1940: 514" authorityName="Gates" authorityPageNumber="514" authorityYear="1940" box="[151,590,929,953]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Moniligaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Moniligastrida" pageId="11" pageNumber="392" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="stephensoni">
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<emphasis id="B903532EE90BFFF0DACCFC03CB99FC18" box="[151,408,929,953]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">Moniligaster stephensoni</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE6F2CDE90BFFF0DBC5FC03C84FFC18" author="Gates, G. E." box="[414,590,929,953]" pageId="11" pageNumber="392" pagination="487 - 518" refId="ref12401" refString="Gates, G. E. (1940) Indian earthworms XIII. The genus Moniligaster. Records of the Indian Museum, 42, 487 - 518." type="journal article" year="1940">Gates, 1940: 514</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC88F3CE90BFFF0DACCFC45CB5CFB7B" blockId="11.[151,1437,999,1494]" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">
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<emphasis id="B903532EE90BFFF0DACCFC45CB6AFBA0" bold="true" box="[151,363,999,1025]" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">Brief description.</emphasis>
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Colour bluish. Dimensions:
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<quantity id="4C8F22D9E90BFFF0D8E7FC45C966FBA3" box="[700,871,999,1026]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1625" metricValueMax="1.18" metricValueMin="1.145" pageId="11" pageNumber="392" unit="mm" value="116.25" valueMax="118.0" valueMin="114.5">114.5–118 mm</quantity>
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by
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<quantity id="4C8F22D9E90BFFF0D9CCFC45CE0EFBA3" box="[919,1039,999,1026]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.25" metricValueMax="6.5" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="392" unit="mm" value="6.25" valueMax="6.5" valueMin="6.0">6–6.5 mm</quantity>
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, segments 178–179. Spermathecal pores transverse slits, at
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<emphasis id="B903532EE90BFFF0DBF7FBA9CBC7FB84" box="[428,454,1035,1061]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">cd</emphasis>
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, in intersegmental furrow 7/8. Male pores paired, large transverse slits, at
|
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<emphasis id="B903532EE90BFFF0DF4BFBA9CF2BFB84" box="[1296,1322,1035,1061]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">bc</emphasis>
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, nearer to
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<emphasis id="B903532EE90BFFF0DACCFB8DCAA4FBE8" box="[151,165,1071,1097]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">b</emphasis>
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than
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<emphasis id="B903532EE90BFFF0DABCFB92CAF2FBE8" box="[231,243,1072,1097]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">c</emphasis>
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. Gizzards 5–6, in segments 13–22. Testis sacs in segment 10. Vas deferens coiled into a mass of hairpin loops, mass as large as testis sac; vas passes under longitudinal musculature before entering ectal end of prostate; prostates latero-mesially flattened and disc shaped, capsule disc shaped, latero-mesially flattened. Spermathecal atrial glands in segments 7 and 8, duct of each atrial gland about half the length of common atrial duct, which is slender and erect.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C36DDCB7E90BFFF0DA9CFB41C96EFAE7" pageId="11" pageNumber="392" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BC88F3CE90BFFF0DA9CFB41C96EFAE7" blockId="11.[151,1437,999,1494]" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">
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<emphasis id="B903532EE90BFFF0DA9CFB41CBB5FB5C" bold="true" box="[199,436,1251,1277]" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">Material examined.</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="3B1F8561E90BFFF0DBE5FB41C96AFAE7" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3068455310" collectingDate="2013-11-24" collectionCode="ACESSD, T" collectorName="Augustine, D & Kuriakose, S & S. P. Narayanan" country="India" latitude="10.241305" location="Mattuchola in Chinnar Wildlife Sanctuary" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="77.236916" municipality="Idukki District" pageId="11" pageNumber="392" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kerala">
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1 clitellate and 6 aclitellates (
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<collectionCode id="ED6617F9E90BFFF0D94EFB41C982FB5F" box="[789,899,1251,1278]" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">ACESSD</collectionCode>
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/EW/688), shola forest,
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(
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,
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),
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<collectingMunicipality id="6BAC1546E90BFFF0D88EFAA5C97DFA80" box="[725,892,1287,1313]" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">Idukki District</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="49B341DEE90BFFF0D9DDFAA5C9D2FA80" box="[902,979,1287,1313]" country="India" name="Kerala" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">Kerala</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F360CFACE90BFFF0D986FAA5CE18FA80" box="[989,1049,1287,1313]" name="India" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">India</collectingCountry>
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,
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<date id="FFC9A9FCE90BFFF0DE7FFAA5CEFCFA80" box="[1060,1277,1287,1313]" pageId="11" pageNumber="392" value="2013-11-24">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF8D5014E90BFFF0DE7FFAA5CEFCFA80" box="[1060,1277,1287,1313]" pageId="11" pageNumber="392" value="2013-11-24">24 November 2013</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, 1954 m a.s.l.,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6617F9E90BFFF0DACCFA8ECAA8FAE7" box="[151,169,1324,1350]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">T</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectorName id="2682EAEAE90BFFF0DAE8FA89CB4AFAE7" box="[179,331,1323,1350]" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">Augustine, D</collectorName>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectorName id="2682EAEAE90BFFF0DB0DFA89CBE8FAE4" box="[342,489,1323,1349]" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">Kuriakose, S</collectorName>
|
||
. Sathrumithra and
|
||
<collectorName id="2682EAEAE90BFFF0D8E6FA89C96AFAE7" box="[701,875,1323,1350]" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">S.P. Narayanan</collectorName>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36DDCB7E90BFFF0DA9CFAEDCE42FA2C" pageId="11" pageNumber="392" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC88F3CE90BFFF0DA9CFAEDCE42FA2C" blockId="11.[151,1437,999,1494]" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">
|
||
<emphasis id="B903532EE90BFFF0DA9CFAEDCB61FAC8" bold="true" box="[199,352,1359,1385]" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F360CFACE90BFFF0DB32FAEDCBA6FAC8" box="[361,423,1359,1385]" name="India" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B341DEE90BFFF0DBE8FAEDC843FAC8" box="[435,578,1359,1385]" country="India" name="Kerala" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">Kerala State</collectingRegion>
|
||
: Idukki District: Mattuchola in Chinnar Wildlife Sanctuary (present record) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134C93B9E90BFFF0DAFBFAD1CAE4FA2C" box="[160,229,1395,1421]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1672,1696]" captionTargetBox="[218,1369,192,1640]" captionTargetId="figure-21@8.[206,1381,181,1648]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Map of sampling localities of species of Moniligaster recorded in this study." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4636250" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4636250/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="B903532EE90BFFF0DAA2FAD1CB75FA2C" box="[249,372,1395,1421]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">Elsewhere.</emphasis>
|
||
Kodaikanal, Vanderavu (= Bander) in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B341DEE90BFFF0D97DFAD1C9AAFA2C" box="[806,939,1395,1421]" country="India" name="Tamil Nadu" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">Tamil Nadu</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE6F2CDE90BFFF0D9E2FAD1CE3BFA2C" author="Gates, G. E." box="[953,1082,1395,1421]" pageId="11" pageNumber="392" pagination="487 - 518" refId="ref12401" refString="Gates, G. E. (1940) Indian earthworms XIII. The genus Moniligaster. Records of the Indian Museum, 42, 487 - 518." type="journal article" year="1940">Gates 1940</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36DDCB7E90BFFF0DA9CFA35C854FA74" pageId="11" pageNumber="392" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC88F3CE90BFFF0DA9CFA35C854FA74" blockId="11.[151,1437,999,1494]" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">
|
||
<emphasis id="B903532EE90BFFF0DA9CFA35CB3AFA10" bold="true" box="[199,315,1431,1457]" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
First record of the species from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B341DEE90BFFF0D8E4FA35C90CFA10" box="[703,781,1431,1457]" country="India" name="Kerala" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">Kerala</collectingRegion>
|
||
. Previously it was known only from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B341DEE90BFFF0DE9AFA35CF48FA10" box="[1217,1353,1431,1457]" country="India" name="Tamil Nadu" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">Tamil Nadu</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE6F2CDE90BFFF0DF00FA35CAD2FA74" author="Gates, G. E." pageId="11" pageNumber="392" pagination="487 - 518" refId="ref12401" refString="Gates, G. E. (1940) Indian earthworms XIII. The genus Moniligaster. Records of the Indian Museum, 42, 487 - 518." type="journal article" year="1940">Gates 1940</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). It is a species of the shola forest.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |