1536 lines
176 KiB
XML
1536 lines
176 KiB
XML
<document id="1CEC71EA016A58E29713DF0008F7C9DB" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5267.1.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7840783" ID-ZooBank="9CD59054-8D7D-413F-B9FD-29EAFE7E511D" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1681816955386" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Lehmann, Ingo, Zahiri, Reza & Husemann, Martin" docDate="2023" docId="03DC6C76CC744C6BF7DFFF79FE7CFB73" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5267.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5267 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5267.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Zambezia darrelplowesi Lehmann, Zahiri & Husemann 2023, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="4919A95A-98F2-456B-8D6A-F3FCB3CD5E56" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="80" masterDocId="FFE5140ECC314C24F748FFEFFF9EFFB5" masterDocTitle="Revision of the Metarbelodes Strand, 1909 genus-group (Lepidoptera: Cossoidea: Metarbelidae) with descriptions of two new genera and 33 new species from high elevations of eastern and southern Africa" masterLastPageNumber="106" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="70" updateTime="1699487052491" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="4A59E63025C8B8CA45293F90383122DF">
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<mods:title id="6CEF278F8B5EE0726A52207E4E4A5899">Revision of the Metarbelodes Strand, 1909 genus-group (Lepidoptera: Cossoidea: Metarbelidae) with descriptions of two new genera and 33 new species from high elevations of eastern and southern Africa</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="DE282BFCCD946CE1C41217914DECA919" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="7E0CF955037DF6D4EA216669D6E254B5">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="2715ECE710DBA786019CE72AE67CAB5C">Lehmann, Ingo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="454804D60BA1268974BBCFF4A8302F44" type="email">martin.husemann@uni-hamburg.de</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:name id="69A662C255CF7B0A68BFBBF350217A1E" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="03D6B4A086C741FD98CBC84AE9A754B9">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="3276920F2F1C30273865C3A072C2CB83">Zahiri, Reza</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="4F8A516F83591708BFF6395F4C1014F2" type="email">reza.zahiri@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="2AC686631CDFC85F07235F9ED4A4416A">Husemann, Martin</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="C24D24D84DE7F5E760F40A38A99C176D" type="email">martin.husemann@uni-hamburg.de</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="9E5FABB7BD3F7F04919C8E9CA56D9B2E">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="B58CF9F05C376675F5B6274D3319A09A">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="56E32B3B51F93180D3F591F0B9687BC7">
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<mods:date id="8AC0C99CE6E429FE887D6DD14A92586B">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="D5757C1D630A7EEFE75C0FC8A2432E18">2023-04-18</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="CB981FE21CFD5D47520C59092FA49CFC">5267</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="2A060051056886B9F64C64BD6EA7C79D">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5267.1.1</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="5C2AE7955744544A4016B58EF211AF68">journal article</mods:classification>
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<subSubSection id="C36F8EEBCC744C61F7DFFF79FCF7FF04" box="[151,873,150,177]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BCADD60CC744C61F7DFFF79FCF7FF04" blockId="69.[151,975,150,249]" box="[151,873,150,177]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
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<heading id="D0826A0CCC744C61F7DFFF79FCF7FF04" box="[151,873,150,177]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" reason="5">
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<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC744C61F7DFFF79FC97FF04" ID-CoL="B8R95" authority="Lehmann, Zahiri & Husemann" authorityName="Lehmann, Zahiri & Husemann" authorityYear="2023" box="[151,777,150,177]" class="Insecta" family="Metarbelidae" genus="Zambezia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="darrelplowesi" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B9010172CC744C61F7DFFF79FE34FF04" bold="true" box="[151,426,150,177]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Zambezia darrelplowesi</emphasis>
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Lehmann, Zahiri & Husemann
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="B9010172CC744C61F447FF78FCF7FF04" bold="true" box="[783,873,151,177]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A232BC09CC744C61F447FF78FCF7FF04" box="[783,873,151,177]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
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<subSubSection id="C36F8EEBCC744C61F7DFFF54FAA8FE89" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BCADD60CC744C61F7DFFF54FED9FF60" blockId="69.[151,975,150,249]" box="[151,327,187,213]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
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<figureCitation id="134EC1E5CC744C61F7DFFF54FF74FF60" box="[151,234,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="9.[152,255,1793,1817]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,777,1769]" captionTargetId="figure-310@9.[152,1436,777,1769]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 1. a. Zambezia jennyhuntae, holotype, male, Zimbabwe, Manicaland Province, Mutare (formerly Umtali); b. Z. durrellbarnesi, holotype, female, Zimbabwe, Manicaland Province, Bvumba Mountains; c. Z. darrelplowesi, holotype, female, Zimbabwe, Manicaland Province, Mutare (formerly Umtali), Hospital (today Kopje House); d. Metarbelodes umtaliana, holotype, male, Zimbabwe, Manicaland Province, Old Umtali or Umtali (today Mutare)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7840788" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7840788/files/figure.png" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Figs 1c</figureCitation>
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,
|
||
<figureCitation id="134EC1E5CC744C61F7BFFF54FE8AFF60" box="[247,276,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="59.[151,250,1714,1738]" captionTargetBox="[235,1352,188,1685]" captionTargetId="figure-19@59.[223,1364,181,1690]" captionTargetPageId="59" captionText="FIGURE 9. Wing venation of: a. Zambezia darrelplowesi, female, holotype (Zambezia = subgroup G1 in Lehmann 2019b); b. Lukeniana obliqualinea, female, Kenya, County Nairobi, Ngong (Lukeniana = subgroup G3 in Lehmann 2019b); c. Zambezia madambae, male, holotype; d. Z. diredaouaensis, male, paratype; e. Lukeniana tubiraensis, male, holotype; f. Metarbelodes umtaliana, male, holotype (Metarbelodes = subgroup G2 in Lehmann 2019b). The areole (blue arrows) is a possible plesiomorphy (in Lehmann 2019b, p. 24), the continuous CuP fold (red arrows), partly sclerotized, is a very rare apomorphy (in Lehmann 2019b, p. 25) among species of Metarbelidae. It has been found only in species close to or to the South of the Zambezi River. In the same areas an intact CuP on the forewing occurs only in basal species (as defined by Lehmann 2019b, pp. 24 and 25) of Metarbelidae (Lehmann 2019b). The complete loss of the CuP in the forewing is another apomorphy (Lehmann 2019b, p. 322) that occurs in the majority of species of Metarbelidae in theAfrotropical Region and Oriental Region (seeFigure 39).Drawings by I.L." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7840807" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7840807/files/figure.png" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">9a</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="134EC1E5CC744C61F657FF54FED9FF60" box="[287,327,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="60.[151,250,1754,1778]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,677,1731]" captionTargetId="figure-255@60.[151,1436,669,1731]" captionTargetPageId="60" captionText="FIGURE 10. An intact CuP vein on the forewing is a plesiomorphy (cf. Fig. 9) and occurs only in basal Metarbelidae in northeastern parts of the Republic of South Africa, mainly on the Southern African Plateau, and on the plateau area of Mount Mulanje, only 90 km to the North of the Zambezi River (Lehmann 2019b). Figured are examples of apomorphies in regard to the CuP on forewing (red arrows): a. CuP absent, CuP fold is weak but not continuous in Lukeniana michaelgrzimeki, female, paratype; b. The CuP fold is almost entirely absent in L. rajaeii, male, paratype; c. Zambezia darrelplowesi, female, holotype and d. Z. madambae, male, paratype, both have a strong CuP fold, continuous and partly sclerotized. Images were taken by Dr. Hossein Rajaei (SMNS) in November 2015." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7840810" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7840810/files/figure.png" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">10c</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCADD60CC744C61F7DFFF31FC51FF4C" blockId="69.[151,975,150,249]" box="[151,975,222,249]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
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<uri id="FFE4D162CC744C61F7DFFF31FC51FF4C" box="[151,975,222,249]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
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urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
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<uuid id="FFD3E7B5CC744C61F6E1FF31FC51FF4C" box="[425,975,222,249]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">4919A95A-98F2-456B-8D6A-F3FCB3CD5E56</uuid>
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</uri>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCADD60CC744C61F7DFFECDFAA8FE89" blockId="69.[151,1334,289,316]" box="[151,1334,289,316]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
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<materialsCitation id="3B1DD73DCC744C61F7DFFECDFAB1FE8E" box="[151,1327,289,316]" collectionCode="NMZB" country="Zimbabwe" location="Natural History Museum" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Bulawayo" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="54CE63C2CC744C61F7DFFECDFF51FE89" box="[151,207,290,316]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Type</typeStatus>
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locality and repository:
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<collectingCountry id="F3629DF0CC744C61F6A8FECEFDC5FE8E" box="[480,603,289,315]" name="Zimbabwe" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Zimbabwe</collectingCountry>
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, the
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<location id="8EAA8BBBCC744C61F5C7FECEFC39FE89" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DC6C76CC744C6BF7DFFF79FE7CFB73:8EAA8BBBCC744C61F5C7FECEFC39FE89" box="[655,935,289,316]" country="Zimbabwe" name="Natural History Museum" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" stateProvince="Bulawayo">Natural History Museum</location>
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of
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<collectingCountry id="F3629DF0CC744C61F485FECEFBD6FE8E" box="[973,1096,289,315]" name="Zimbabwe" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Zimbabwe</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="49B11382CC744C61F31AFECEFB5AFE8E" box="[1106,1220,289,315]" country="Zimbabwe" name="Bulawayo" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Bulawayo</collectingRegion>
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(
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<collectionCode id="ED6445A5CC744C61F39BFECEFAB9FE8E" box="[1235,1319,289,315]" country="Zimbabwe" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/s56f-0167" name="National Museum of Zimbabwe" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">NMZB</collectionCode>
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)
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C36F8EEBCC744C61F7DFFE8BFB99FE5F" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BCADD60CC744C61F7DFFE8BFB99FE5F" blockId="69.[151,1437,356,706]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
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<emphasis id="B9010172CC744C61F7DFFE8BFE1CFECB" bold="true" box="[151,386,356,382]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Material examined.</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="3B1DD73DCC744C61F6C2FE8BFB99FE5F" collectingDate="1935-11-11" collectionCode="NMZB" collectorName="P. A. Sheppard & I. Lehmann" country="Zimbabwe" county="Manica-land Province" location="Southern Rhodesia'" municipality="Mutare District" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CE63C2CC744C61F6C2FE8BFE6CFECB" box="[394,498,356,382]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
female, S. Rhodesia (‘
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<location id="8EAA8BBBCC744C61F5BAFE8BFC4BFECB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DC6C76CC744C6BF7DFFF79FE7CFB73:8EAA8BBBCC744C61F5BAFE8BFC4BFECB" box="[754,981,356,382]" country="Zimbabwe" county="Manica-land Province" municipality="Mutare District" name="Southern Rhodesia'" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Southern Rhodesia’</location>
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since 1901, today
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<collectingCountry id="F3629DF0CC744C61F3E5FE8BFAB7FECB" box="[1197,1321,356,382]" name="Zimbabwe" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Zimbabwe</collectingCountry>
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),
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<location id="8EAA8BBBCC744C61F275FE8BFA02FECB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DC6C76CC744C6BF7DFFF79FE7CFB73:8EAA8BBBCC744C61F275FE8BFA02FECB" box="[1341,1436,356,382]" country="Zimbabwe" county="Manica-land Province" municipality="Mutare District" name="Hospital" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Hospital</location>
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(no town mentioned),
|
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<location id="8EAA8BBBCC744C61F6D1FE67FDDBFE17" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DC6C76CC744C6BF7DFFF79FE7CFB73:8EAA8BBBCC744C61F6D1FE67FDDBFE17" box="[409,581,392,418]" country="Zimbabwe" county="Manica-land Province" municipality="Mutare District" name="Umtali District" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Umtali District</location>
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(today
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<collectingMunicipality id="6BAE471ACC744C61F5E9FE66FCCDFE17" box="[673,851,392,419]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Mutare District</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<collectingCounty id="62ABA5ECCC744C61F429FE67FBFFFE17" box="[865,1121,392,418]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Manica-land Province</collectingCounty>
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),
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<date id="FFCBFBA0CC744C61F33EFE67FAC9FE16" box="[1142,1367,392,419]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" value="1935-11-11">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF8F0248CC744C61F33EFE67FAC9FE16" box="[1142,1367,392,419]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" value="1935-11-11">11 November 1935</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="2680B8B6CC744C61F22DFE66FE9FFE73" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">P. A. Sheppard</collectorName>
|
||
leg., on second label: “Access. No. 4485”, on third label: “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC744C61F4FAFE43FB00FE73" authority="Strand" authorityName="Strand" authorityYear="1909" box="[946,1182,428,454]" class="Insecta" family="Cossidae" genus="Metarbelodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC744C61F4FAFE43FBD2FE73" box="[946,1100,428,454]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Metarbelodes</emphasis>
|
||
Strand
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC744C61F3EFFE43FF4AFE5E" authority="Aur. A. J. T. Janse" class="Insecta" family="Cossidae" genus="Metarbelodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="umtaliana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC744C61F3EFFE43FA87FE73" box="[1191,1305,428,454]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">umtaliana</emphasis>
|
||
Aur. A.J.T. Janse
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
det. very large”, genitalia slide number 12/092015
|
||
<collectorName id="2680B8B6CC744C61F45CFE3EFC08FE5F" box="[788,918,464,491]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">I. Lehmann</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6445A5CC744C61F4ECFE3FFC65FE5F" box="[932,1019,464,490]" country="Zimbabwe" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/s56f-0167" name="National Museum of Zimbabwe" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">NMZB</collectionCode>
|
||
).
|
||
</materialsCitation>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C36F8EEBCC744C6FF78FFE1BFC23F826" lastPageId="75" lastPageNumber="76" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" type="description">
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||
<paragraph id="8BCADD60CC744C61F78FFE1BFD83FDBB" blockId="69.[151,1437,356,706]" box="[199,541,500,526]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
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||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC744C61F78FFE1BFEC7FDBB" bold="true" box="[199,345,500,526]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
Male. Unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCADD60CC744C61F78FFDF7FEEAFD77" blockId="69.[151,1437,356,706]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
|
||
Fermale.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC744C61F67AFDF7FEF1FD87" box="[306,367,536,562]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Head</emphasis>
|
||
: Honey yellow mixed with sepia and cream, shiny; long, ochre, hair-like scales between compound eyes; eyes brown with many black spots; antenna 0.37× times forewing length, mostly unipectinate, but bipectinate towards tip, with branches 1.3× width of shaft, shaft covered with cream-coloured scales dorsally, few cream-coloured scales on branches; antennal tips at least as long as branch, bending slightly towards apex; labial palpi honey yellow.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF0A8DE8CC744C61F7DFF8EBFAF9F864" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7840835" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7840835" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7840835/files/figure.png" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" startId="69.[151,250,1796,1820]" targetBox="[151,1436,731,1773]" targetPageId="69">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCADD60CC744C61F7DFF8EBFAF9F864" blockId="69.[151,1437,1796,2001]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC744C61F7DFF8EBFEA4F8A8" bold="true" box="[151,314,1796,1821]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">FIGURE 18. a.</emphasis>
|
||
shows two fronto-clypeal projections (red arrows) of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC744C61F42AF8EBFBA4F8A9" authorityName="Lehmann, Zahiri & Husemann" authorityYear="2023" box="[866,1082,1796,1820]" class="Insecta" family="Metarbelidae" genus="Lukeniana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bergsteni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC744C61F42AF8EBFBA4F8A9" bold="true" box="[866,1082,1796,1820]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Lukeniana bergsteni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, female, paratype. The projections are close together, that means the distance between the projections is
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC744C61F412F8C6FCE7F8F5" box="[858,889,1833,1856]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">ca.</emphasis>
|
||
1.0–1.5× of the width of the pit behind the labial palpus, and they are more pronounced in females than in males of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC744C61F45DF8A3FC19F8D1" authorityName="Lehmann, Zahiri & Husemann" authorityYear="2023" box="[789,903,1868,1892]" class="Insecta" family="Metarbelidae" genus="Lukeniana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC744C61F45DF8A3FC19F8D1" bold="true" box="[789,903,1868,1892]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Lukeniana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC744C61F4FFF8A3FB82F8D1" authorityName="Lehmann, Zahiri & Husemann" authorityYear="2023" box="[951,1052,1868,1892]" class="Insecta" family="Metarbelidae" genus="Zambezia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC744C61F4FFF8A3FB82F8D1" bold="true" box="[951,1052,1868,1892]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Zambezia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The two projections are more widely separated in species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC744C61F6CFF89FFD5AF83C" authority="Lehmann, 2013" authorityName="Lehmann" authorityYear="2013" box="[391,708,1904,1929]" class="Insecta" family="Metarbelidae" genus="Mountelgonia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC744C61F6CFF89FFD85F83D" bold="true" box="[391,539,1904,1928]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Mountelgonia</emphasis>
|
||
Lehmann, 2013
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, that means the distance between the projections is
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC744C61F391F89EFB66F83D" box="[1241,1272,1905,1928]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">ca.</emphasis>
|
||
2.5–3.5× of the width of the pit behind the labial palpus.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC744C61F567F87AFDDDF818" bold="true" box="[559,579,1941,1965]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">b.</emphasis>
|
||
shows an enlargement of one fronto-clypeal projection.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC744C61F330F87AFB14F818" bold="true" box="[1144,1162,1941,1965]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">c.</emphasis>
|
||
shows four branches of the female antenna. The pictures were taken with a Scanning Electron Microscope at ZFMK by Karin Ulmen in March 2012.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF0A8DE8CC764C63F7DFFF79FD93FB76" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" startId="71.[151,250,150,174]">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCADD60CC764C63F7DFFF79FD93FB76" blockId="71.[151,1437,150,1219]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F7DFFF79FEAEFF1A" bold="true" box="[151,304,150,175]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">FIGURE 19 a.</emphasis>
|
||
Collection sites of species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC764C63F511FF79FD55FF1B" authorityName="Lehmann, Zahiri & Husemann" authorityYear="2023" box="[601,715,150,174]" class="Insecta" family="Metarbelidae" genus="Lukeniana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F511FF79FD55FF1B" bold="true" box="[601,715,150,174]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Lukeniana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F59FFF79FC35FF1B" bold="true" box="[727,939,150,174]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
|
||
2.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC764C63F5A7FF79FC35FF1B" authorityName="Lehmann, Zahiri & Husemann" authorityYear="2023" box="[751,939,150,174]" class="Insecta" family="Metarbelidae" genus="Lukeniana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rajaeii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F5A7FF79FC35FF1B" bold="true" box="[751,939,150,174]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Lukeniana rajaeii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F4FEFF79FBE4FF1B" bold="true" box="[950,1146,150,174]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
|
||
3.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC764C63F486FF78FBE4FF1B" authorityName="Lehmann, Zahiri & Husemann" authorityYear="2023" box="[974,1146,150,174]" class="Insecta" family="Metarbelidae" genus="Lukeniana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="timdavenporti">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F486FF78FBE4FF1B" bold="true" box="[974,1146,150,174]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">L. timdavenporti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F3CFFF79FAC7FF1B" bold="true" box="[1159,1369,150,174]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
|
||
4.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC764C63F3D7FF78FAC7FF1B" authorityName="Lehmann, Zahiri & Husemann" authorityYear="2023" box="[1183,1369,150,174]" class="Insecta" family="Metarbelidae" genus="Lukeniana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kakamegaensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F3D7FF78FAC7FF1B" bold="true" box="[1183,1369,150,174]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">L. kakamegaensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F22DFF78FAE6FF1A" bold="true" box="[1381,1400,151,175]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">5.</emphasis>
|
||
/
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F2C1FF79FEA8FF67" bold="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
|
||
6.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC764C63F7DFFF54FEA8FF67" authorityName="Lehmann, Zahiri & Husemann" authorityYear="2023" box="[151,310,186,210]" class="Insecta" family="Metarbelidae" genus="Lukeniana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mikerobertsi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F7DFFF54FEA8FF67" bold="true" box="[151,310,186,210]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">L. mikerobertsi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F60CFF54FEC9FF66" bold="true" box="[324,343,187,211]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">7.</emphasis>
|
||
/
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F622FF55FD95FF67" bold="true" box="[362,523,186,210]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
|
||
8.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC764C63F6CCFF54FD95FF67" authorityName="Lehmann, Zahiri & Husemann" authorityYear="2023" box="[388,523,186,210]" class="Insecta" family="Metarbelidae" genus="Lukeniana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="enaiposha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F6CCFF54FD95FF67" bold="true" box="[388,523,186,210]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">L. enaiposha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.;
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F557FF55FC9DFF67" bold="true" box="[543,771,186,210]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
|
||
9 / 11.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC764C63F52CFF54FC9DFF67" box="[612,771,186,210]" class="Insecta" family="Metarbelidae" genus="Lukeniana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obliqualinea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F52CFF54FC9DFF67" bold="true" box="[612,771,186,210]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">L. obliqualinea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F458FF55FC31FF67" bold="true" box="[784,943,186,210]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
|
||
10.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC764C63F47EFF54FC31FF67" authorityName="Lehmann, Zahiri & Husemann" authorityYear="2023" box="[822,943,186,210]" class="Insecta" family="Metarbelidae" genus="Lukeniana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kammeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F47EFF54FC31FF67" bold="true" box="[822,943,186,210]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">L. kammeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F4F5FF55FBEAFF67" bold="true" box="[957,1140,186,210]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
|
||
11.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC764C63F4A9FF54FBEAFF67" authorityName="Lehmann, Zahiri & Husemann" authorityYear="2023" box="[993,1140,186,210]" class="Insecta" family="Metarbelidae" genus="Lukeniana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lutztoepferi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F4A9FF54FBEAFF67" bold="true" box="[993,1140,186,210]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">L. lutztoepferi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F3C9FF55FAF1FF67" bold="true" box="[1153,1391,186,210]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
|
||
12.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC764C63F3EFFF54FAF1FF67" authorityName="Lehmann, Zahiri & Husemann" authorityYear="2023" box="[1191,1391,186,210]" class="Insecta" family="Metarbelidae" genus="Lukeniana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="georgeadamsoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F3EFFF54FAF1FF67" bold="true" box="[1191,1391,186,210]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">L. georgeadamsoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F235FF55FA02FF67" bold="true" box="[1405,1436,186,210]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">13.</emphasis>
|
||
/
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F7ECFF31FED8FF43" bold="true" box="[164,326,222,246]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
|
||
15.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC764C63F782FF30FED8FF43" authorityName="Lehmann, Zahiri & Husemann" authorityYear="2023" box="[202,326,222,246]" class="Insecta" family="Metarbelidae" genus="Lukeniana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bergsteni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F782FF30FED8FF43" bold="true" box="[202,326,222,246]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">L. bergsteni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F61BFF31FDDFFF43" bold="true" box="[339,577,222,246]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
|
||
14.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC764C63F630FF30FDDFFF43" authorityName="Lehmann, Zahiri & Husemann" authorityYear="2023" box="[376,577,222,246]" class="Insecta" family="Metarbelidae" genus="Lukeniana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="michaelgrzimeki">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F630FF30FDDFFF43" bold="true" box="[376,577,222,246]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">L. michaelgrzimeki</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
/
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC764C63F51CFF30FC9AFF43" authorityName="Lehmann, Zahiri & Husemann" authorityYear="2023" box="[596,772,222,246]" class="Insecta" family="Metarbelidae" genus="Lukeniana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andreashempi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F51CFF30FC9AFF43" bold="true" box="[596,772,222,246]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">L. andreashempi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F459FF31FC5BFF43" bold="true" box="[785,965,222,246]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
|
||
16.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC764C63F47FFF30FC5BFF43" authorityName="Lehmann, Zahiri & Husemann" authorityYear="2023" box="[823,965,222,246]" class="Insecta" family="Metarbelidae" genus="Lukeniana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tubiraensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F47FFF30FC5BFF43" bold="true" box="[823,965,222,246]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">L. tubiraensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F49BFF31FB0FFF43" bold="true" box="[979,1169,222,246]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
|
||
17.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC764C63F4B1FF30FB0FFF43" authorityName="Lehmann, Zahiri & Husemann" authorityYear="2023" box="[1017,1169,222,246]" class="Insecta" family="Metarbelidae" genus="Lukeniana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jankiellandi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F4B1FF30FB0FFF43" bold="true" box="[1017,1169,222,246]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">L. jankiellandi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F3D7FF31FACDFF43" bold="true" box="[1183,1363,222,246]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
|
||
18.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC764C63F38CFF30FACDFF43" authorityName="Lehmann, Zahiri & Husemann" authorityYear="2023" box="[1220,1363,222,246]" class="Insecta" family="Metarbelidae" genus="Lukeniana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tubiraensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F38CFF30FACDFF43" bold="true" box="[1220,1363,222,246]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">L. tubiraensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F229FF31FE92FEAF" bold="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
|
||
19.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC764C63F2CEFF30FE92FEAF" authorityName="Lehmann, Zahiri & Husemann" authorityYear="2023" class="Insecta" family="Metarbelidae" genus="Lukeniana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mbalaensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F2CEFF30FE92FEAF" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">L. mbalaensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
/
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC764C63F668FEECFE30FEAF" authorityName="Lehmann, Zahiri & Husemann" authorityYear="2023" box="[288,430,258,282]" class="Insecta" family="Metarbelidae" genus="Lukeniana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="robplowesi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F668FEECFE30FEAF" bold="true" box="[288,430,258,282]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">L. robplowesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F6F3FEEDFDEAFEAF" bold="true" box="[443,628,258,282]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
|
||
20.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC764C63F6AAFEECFDEAFEAF" authorityName="Lehmann, Zahiri & Husemann" authorityYear="2023" box="[482,628,258,282]" class="Insecta" family="Metarbelidae" genus="Lukeniana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hausmanni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F6AAFEECFDEAFEAF" bold="true" box="[482,628,258,282]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">L. hausmanni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F5CAFEEDFCB8FEAF" bold="true" box="[642,806,258,282]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
|
||
21.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC764C63F5E0FEECFCB8FEAF" authorityName="Lehmann, Zahiri & Husemann" authorityYear="2023" box="[680,806,258,282]" class="Insecta" family="Metarbelidae" genus="Lukeniana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stueningi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F5E0FEECFCB8FEAF" bold="true" box="[680,806,258,282]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">L. stueningi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F47CFEEDFC68FEAF" bold="true" box="[820,1014,258,282]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
|
||
22.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC764C63F412FEECFC68FEAF" authorityName="Lehmann, Zahiri & Husemann" authorityYear="2023" box="[858,1014,258,282]" class="Insecta" family="Metarbelidae" genus="Lukeniana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stevecollinsi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F412FEECFC68FEAF" bold="true" box="[858,1014,258,282]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">L. stevecollinsi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F34BFEEDFB20FEAF" bold="true" box="[1027,1214,258,282]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
|
||
23.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC764C63F361FEECFB20FEAF" authorityName="Lehmann, Zahiri & Husemann" authorityYear="2023" box="[1065,1214,258,282]" class="Insecta" family="Metarbelidae" genus="Lukeniana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mzuzuensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F361FEECFB20FEAF" bold="true" box="[1065,1214,258,282]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">L. mzuzuensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F383FEEDFB75FEAF" bold="true" box="[1227,1259,258,282]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">24.</emphasis>
|
||
/
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F3B7FEEDFF56FE8B" bold="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
|
||
25.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC764C63F26EFEECFF56FE8B" authorityName="Lehmann, Zahiri & Husemann" authorityYear="2023" class="Insecta" family="Metarbelidae" genus="Lukeniana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="madrandelei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F26EFEECFF56FE8B" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">L. madrandelei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F79DFEC9FED8FE8B" bold="true" box="[213,326,294,318]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
|
||
26.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC764C63F7B2FEC8FED8FE8B" authorityName="Lehmann, Zahiri & Husemann" authorityYear="2023" box="[250,326,294,318]" class="Insecta" family="Metarbelidae" genus="Lukeniana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lenzi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F7B2FEC8FED8FE8B" bold="true" box="[250,326,294,318]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">L. lenzi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F61BFEC9FE7FFE8B" bold="true" box="[339,481,294,318]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
|
||
27.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC764C63F630FEC8FE7FFE8B" authorityName="Lehmann, Zahiri & Husemann" authorityYear="2023" box="[376,481,294,318]" class="Insecta" family="Metarbelidae" genus="Lukeniana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carolae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F630FEC8FE7FFE8B" bold="true" box="[376,481,294,318]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">L. carolae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F6A6FEC9FD08FE8B" bold="true" box="[494,662,294,318]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
|
||
28.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC764C63F55BFEC8FD08FE8B" authorityName="Lehmann, Zahiri & Husemann" authorityYear="2023" box="[531,662,294,318]" class="Insecta" family="Metarbelidae" genus="Lukeniana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chapmani">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F55BFEC8FD08FE8B" bold="true" box="[531,662,294,318]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">L. chapmani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F5EBFEC9FC03FE8B" bold="true" box="[675,925,294,318]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
|
||
29.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC764C63F580FEC8FC03FE8B" authorityName="Lehmann, Zahiri & Husemann" authorityYear="2023" box="[712,925,294,318]" class="Insecta" family="Metarbelidae" genus="Lukeniana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="friederikebauerae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F580FEC8FC03FE8B" bold="true" box="[712,925,294,318]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">L. friederikebauerae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F4E2FEC9FC54FE8B" bold="true" box="[938,970,294,318]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">30.</emphasis>
|
||
/
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F493FEC9FB0DFE8B" bold="true" box="[987,1171,294,318]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
|
||
31. / 32.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC764C63F37AFEC8FB0DFE8B" authorityName="Lehmann, Zahiri & Husemann" authorityYear="2023" box="[1074,1171,294,318]" class="Insecta" family="Metarbelidae" genus="Lukeniana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="butleri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F37AFEC8FB0DFE8B" bold="true" box="[1074,1171,294,318]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">L. butleri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F3D7FEC9FA08FE8B" bold="true" box="[1183,1430,294,318]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
|
||
34.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC764C63F38CFEC8FA08FE8B" authorityName="Lehmann, Zahiri & Husemann" authorityYear="2023" box="[1220,1430,294,318]" class="Insecta" family="Metarbelidae" genus="Lukeniana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="utaheidenreichae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F38CFEC8FA08FE8B" bold="true" box="[1220,1430,294,318]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">L. utaheidenreichae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F7DFFEA5FEA0FED7" bold="true" box="[151,318,330,354]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
|
||
38.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC764C63F7F6FEA4FEA0FED7" authorityName="Lehmann, Zahiri & Husemann" authorityYear="2023" box="[190,318,330,354]" class="Insecta" family="Metarbelidae" genus="Lukeniana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kollhorsti">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F7F6FEA4FEA0FED7" bold="true" box="[190,318,330,354]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">L. kollhorsti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F604FEA5FEF2FED7" bold="true" box="[332,364,330,354]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">39.</emphasis>
|
||
/
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F6C8FEA5FE3EFED7" bold="true" box="[384,416,330,354]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">40.</emphasis>
|
||
/
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F6FDFEA5FD03FED7" bold="true" box="[437,669,330,354]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
|
||
41.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC764C63F693FEA4FD03FED7" authorityName="Lehmann, Zahiri & Husemann" authorityYear="2023" box="[475,669,330,354]" class="Insecta" family="Metarbelidae" genus="Lukeniana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="raymondrevellii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F693FEA4FD03FED7" bold="true" box="[475,669,330,354]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">L. raymondrevellii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(location codes in the EARS
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F484FEA4FB9AFED7" box="[972,1028,331,354]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">sensu</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE4A091CC764C63F343FEA4FB55FED6" author="McConnell, R. B." box="[1035,1227,331,355]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" pagination="2549 - 2572" refId="ref80782" refString="McConnell, R. B. (1972) Geological Development of the Rift System of Eastern Africa. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 83, 2549 - 2572. https: // doi. org / 10.1130 / 0016 - 7606 (1972) 83 [2549: GDOTRS] 2.0. CO; 2" type="journal article" year="1972">McConnell (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, Eastern Branch and Western Branch, and associated areas sensu
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE4A091CC764C63F51CFE80FD64FE32" author="Oxburgh, E. R." box="[596,762,367,391]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" pagination="7 - 18" refId="ref81629" refString="Oxburgh, E. R. (1978) Rifting in East Africa and large-scale tectonic processes. In: Bishop, W. W. (Ed.), Geological background to fossil man. The Geological Society of London, Scottish Academic Press and University of Toronto Press, Edinburgh, pp. 7 - 18. https: // doi. org / 10.1144 / GSL. SP. 1978.006.01.03" type="book chapter" year="1978">Oxburgh (1978)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, as well as on the Southern African Plateau sensu
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE4A091CC764C63F3A7FE80FF43FE1E" author="Nyblade, A. A. & Sleep, N. H." pageId="71" pageNumber="72" pagination="1 - 29" refId="ref81572" refString="Nyblade, A. A. & Sleep, N. H. (2003) Long lasting epeirogenic uplift from mantle plumes and the origin of the Southern African Plateau. Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems, 4 (12), 1 - 29. https: // doi. org / 10.1029 / 2003 GC 000573" type="journal article" year="2003">Nyblade & Sleep (2003)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; for detailed information on geological/geomorphological ages for all areas herein cf.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE4A091CC764C63F31FFE7CFA96FE1E" author="Lehmann, I." box="[1111,1288,403,427]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" refId="ref79929" refString="Lehmann, I. (2019 b) First revision of the family Metarbelidae Strand, 1909 (Lepidoptera, Cossoidea Leach, 1815) and a phylogeny based on adult morphology of 60 genera from the Afrotropical and Oriental Region. Doctoral Dissertation, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universitat Bonn, Bonn, 397 pp. [online-edition in bonndoc: https: // nbn-resolving. org / urn: nbn: de: hbz: 5 n- 55423]" type="book" year="2019">Lehmann (2019b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, 330─341):
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F2C1FE7DFA02FE1F" bold="true" box="[1417,1436,402,426]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">2.</emphasis>
|
||
Main Ethiopian Rift (MER), Ethiopian Plateau (ca. 31 Ma), Ethiopia;
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F420FE59FCE5FE7B" bold="true" box="[872,891,438,462]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">3.</emphasis>
|
||
west of Kenya Rift (KR), Mount Elgon (ca. 20 Ma), border of Uganda and Kenya;
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F687FE35FE7CFE47" bold="true" box="[463,482,474,498]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">4.</emphasis>
|
||
west of KR, Kakamega (ca. 20 Ma), Kenya;
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F4FDFE34FC5CFE46" bold="true" box="[949,962,475,499]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">5</emphasis>
|
||
. east of KR, on Laikipia Plateau (ca. 13.5─11 Ma), Kenya;
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F655FE11FEB4FDA3" bold="true" box="[285,298,510,534]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">6</emphasis>
|
||
. east of KR, eastern edge of Laikipia Plateau (ca. 13.5─11 Ma), Kenya;
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F34EFE10FB8DFDA2" bold="true" box="[1030,1043,511,535]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">7</emphasis>
|
||
. within KR, near Lake Nakuru (ca. 2.6 Ma), Kenya;
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F655FDCDFEB4FD8F" bold="true" box="[285,298,546,570]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">8</emphasis>
|
||
. within KR, near Lake Naivasha (ca. 2.6 Ma), Kenya;
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F419FDCDFCC0FD8F" bold="true" box="[849,862,546,570]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">9</emphasis>
|
||
. east of KR, foothills zone of Mount Kenya (ca. 5.1─2.8 Ma), Kenya;
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F654FDA9FEABFDEB" bold="true" box="[284,309,582,606]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">10</emphasis>
|
||
. /
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F607FDA9FEF9FDEB" bold="true" box="[335,359,582,606]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">11</emphasis>
|
||
. /
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F637FDA9FE06FDEB" bold="true" box="[383,408,582,606]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">12</emphasis>
|
||
. east of KR, Kenya Dome (ca. 13.5─11 Ma), Kenya;
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F4FCFDA9FC53FDEB" bold="true" box="[948,973,582,606]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">13</emphasis>
|
||
. within Northern Tanzanian Divergence Zone (NTDZ), Mount Kilimanjaro (ca. 2.5 Ma), Tanzania;
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F5E6FD85FD59FD37" bold="true" box="[686,711,618,642]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">14</emphasis>
|
||
. /
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F597FD85FD66FD37" bold="true" box="[735,760,618,642]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">15</emphasis>
|
||
. within NTDZ, Mount Meru and Usa River (ca. 2.0 Ma), Tanzania;
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F7DFFD61FF75FD13" bold="true" box="[151,235,654,678]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">16. / 17.</emphasis>
|
||
east of Tanganyika Rift (ca. 30─20 Ma), Tanzania;
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F5B6FD61FC89FD13" bold="true" box="[766,791,654,678]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">18</emphasis>
|
||
. within Rukwa Rift, Southern Highlands (ca. 30─25 Ma), Tanzania;
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F792FD5DFEB8FD7F" bold="true" box="[218,294,690,714]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">19. / 20</emphasis>
|
||
. northeastern edge of Southern African Plateau (ca. 150 Ma); Zambia;
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F4BDFD5DFBEAFD7F" bold="true" box="[1013,1140,690,714]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">21. / 22. / 23</emphasis>
|
||
. west of Malawi Rift, on and south of Nyika Plateau (ca. 30─25 Ma), Zambia, Malawi;
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F5A5FD39FCA4FD5B" bold="true" box="[749,826,726,750]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">24. / 25</emphasis>
|
||
. south and west of various rifts of EARS of unknown ages, Democratic Republic of the Congo;
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F54FFD15FDBEFCA7" bold="true" box="[519,544,762,786]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">26</emphasis>
|
||
. west of Luangwa Graben, escarpment of Muchinga Mountains (ca. 150 Ma?), Zambia;
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F7DFFCF1FF2EFC83" bold="true" box="[151,176,798,822]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">27</emphasis>
|
||
. west of “Malawi Rift, Mount Ntchisi (ca. 25 Ma), Malawi;
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F461FCF1FCDCFC83" bold="true" box="[809,834,798,822]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">28</emphasis>
|
||
. Mount Mulanje (ca. 105─138 Ma), Malawi;
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F269FCF1FAA4FC83" bold="true" box="[1313,1338,798,822]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">29</emphasis>
|
||
. south of Luangwa Graben (ca. 150 Ma), Zambia;
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F57FFCADFDCEFCEF" bold="true" box="[567,592,834,858]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">30</emphasis>
|
||
. /
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F523FCADFD26FCEF" bold="true" box="[619,696,834,858]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">31. / 32</emphasis>
|
||
. south of Mid-Zambezi Rift, Highveld Plateau (ca. 150 Ma), Zimbabwe; 34. east of Bvumba Mountains (younger than ca. 15 Ma), Mozambique; 38. west of Urema Graben (younger than ca. 15 Ma), Zimbabwe;
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F65AFC65FEB5FC17" bold="true" box="[274,299,906,930]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">39</emphasis>
|
||
. northwest from Waterberg Plateau (ca. 75 Ma), Namibia;
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F4C1FC65FC3CFC17" bold="true" box="[905,930,906,930]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">40</emphasis>
|
||
. on Waterberg Plateau (ca. 75 Ma), Namibia;
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F235FC65FA08FC17" bold="true" box="[1405,1430,906,930]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">41</emphasis>
|
||
. west-central edge of Southern African Plateau (ca. 150 Ma), Namibia.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F429FC40FCEBFC72" bold="true" box="[865,885,943,967]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">b.</emphasis>
|
||
Collection sites of species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC764C63F3ECFC40FAB1FC72" authorityName="Strand" authorityYear="1909" box="[1188,1327,943,967]" class="Insecta" family="Cossidae" genus="Metarbelodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F3ECFC40FAB1FC72" box="[1188,1327,943,967]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Metarbelodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(turquoise circle, white font) and
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F6CAFC3DFE79FC5F" bold="true" box="[386,487,978,1002]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Zambesia</emphasis>
|
||
(red circles, black font):
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F5A5FC3DFB8DFC5F" bold="true" box="[749,1043,978,1002]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
|
||
1.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC764C63F440FC3DFB8DFC5F" authorityName="Lehmann, Zahiri & Husemann" authorityYear="2023" box="[776,1043,978,1002]" class="Insecta" family="Metarbelidae" genus="Zambezia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="diredaouaensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F440FC3DFB8DFC5F" bold="true" box="[776,1043,978,1002]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Zambezia diredaouaensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F369FC3DFBDFFC5F" bold="true" box="[1057,1089,978,1002]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">30.</emphasis>
|
||
/
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F31FFC3DFF74FBBA" bold="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
|
||
32. /36.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC764C63F3E4FC3DFA02FC5F" authority="Lehmann & Zahiri & Husemann, 2023" authorityName="Lehmann & Zahiri & Husemann" authorityYear="2023" box="[1196,1436,978,1002]" class="Insecta" family="Metarbelidae" genus="Zambezia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jennyhuntae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F3E4FC3DFA02FC5F" bold="true" box="[1196,1436,978,1002]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Zambezia jennyhuntae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A232BC09CC764C63F7DFFC18FF74FBBA" box="[151,234,1015,1039]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F7B1FC19FDBDFBBB" bold="true" box="[249,547,1014,1038]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
|
||
35.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC764C63F669FC19FDBDFBBB" authorityName="Lehmann, Zahiri & Husemann" authorityYear="2023" box="[289,547,1014,1038]" class="Insecta" family="Metarbelidae" genus="Zambezia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="durrellbarnesi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F669FC19FDBDFBBB" bold="true" box="[289,547,1014,1038]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Zambezia durrellbarnesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F57BFC19FDCDFBBB" bold="true" box="[563,595,1014,1038]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">33.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F513FC18FDFCFBBB" box="[603,610,1015,1038]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">/</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F522FC19FC0FFBBB" bold="true" box="[618,913,1014,1038]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
|
||
36.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC764C63F5DAFC19FC0FFBBB" box="[658,913,1014,1038]" class="Insecta" family="Cossidae" genus="Metarbelodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="umtaliana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F5DAFC19FC0FFBBB" bold="true" box="[658,913,1014,1038]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Metarbelodes umtaliana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F4E9FC19FBEDFBBB" bold="true" box="[929,1139,1014,1038]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
|
||
36.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC764C63F480FC18FBEDFBBB" authorityName="Lehmann, Zahiri & Husemann" authorityYear="2023" box="[968,1139,1014,1038]" class="Insecta" family="Metarbelidae" genus="Zambezia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="darrelplowesi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F480FC18FBEDFBBB" bold="true" box="[968,1139,1014,1038]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Z. darrelplowesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F3CAFC19FAA4FBBB" bold="true" box="[1154,1338,1014,1038]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
|
||
37.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC764C63F3E2FC18FAA4FBBB" authorityName="Lehmann, Zahiri & Husemann" authorityYear="2023" box="[1194,1338,1014,1038]" class="Insecta" family="Metarbelidae" genus="Zambezia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="madambae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F3E2FC18FAA4FBBB" bold="true" box="[1194,1338,1014,1038]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Z. madambae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(location codes: 1. East of MER, Somalian Plateau including Harar Plateau (at least 30 Ma), Ethiopia;
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F311FBF5FB30FB87" bold="true" box="[1113,1198,1050,1074]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">30. / 32.</emphasis>
|
||
south of Mid-Zambezi Rift, Highveld Plateau (
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F6C1FBD0FE36FBE3" box="[393,424,1087,1110]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">ca.</emphasis>
|
||
150 Ma), Zimbabwe;
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F5C2FBD1FC97FBE3" bold="true" box="[650,777,1086,1110]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">33. / 35. / 36</emphasis>
|
||
. areas near and on the Bvumba Mountains, Eastern Highlands of Zimbabwe (
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F65BFB8CFEACFBCF" box="[275,306,1123,1146]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">ca.</emphasis>
|
||
600─500 Ma), Zimbabwe;
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F518FB8DFDF7FBCF" bold="true" box="[592,617,1122,1146]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">37</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F53FFB8CFD0BFBCF" box="[631,661,1123,1146]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">ca.</emphasis>
|
||
2.3 km from Zambezi River (
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F482FB8CFC77FBCF" box="[970,1001,1123,1146]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">ca.</emphasis>
|
||
280 Ma) and on the termination of Southwestern Branch of EARS (
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC764C63F6F8FB68FE50FB2B" box="[432,462,1159,1182]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">ca.</emphasis>
|
||
2 Ma), Botswana; for detailed information on geological/geomorphological ages for all areas herein
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE4A091CC764C63F795FB44FE13FB76" author="Lehmann, I." box="[221,397,1195,1219]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" refId="ref79929" refString="Lehmann, I. (2019 b) First revision of the family Metarbelidae Strand, 1909 (Lepidoptera, Cossoidea Leach, 1815) and a phylogeny based on adult morphology of 60 genera from the Afrotropical and Oriental Region. Doctoral Dissertation, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universitat Bonn, Bonn, 397 pp. [online-edition in bonndoc: https: // nbn-resolving. org / urn: nbn: de: hbz: 5 n- 55423]" type="book" year="2019">Lehmann (2019b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, 330─341)).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF0A8DE8CC794C6CF7DFFBB4FC7FF8AA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7840837" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7840837" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7840837/files/figure.png" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" startId="72.[151,250,1115,1139]" targetBox="[151,1436,181,1091]" targetPageId="72">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCADD60CC794C6CF7DFFBB4FC7FF8AA" blockId="72.[151,1437,1115,1824]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC794C6CF7DFFBB4FEDFFBC6" bold="true" box="[151,321,1115,1139]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">FIGURE 20. a.</emphasis>
|
||
Habitat of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC794C6CF6F7FBB4FD02FBC6" authorityName="Lehmann, Zahiri & Husemann" authorityYear="2023" box="[447,668,1115,1139]" class="Insecta" family="Metarbelidae" genus="Lukeniana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="enaiposha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC794C6CF6F7FBB4FD02FBC6" box="[447,668,1115,1139]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Lukeniana enaiposha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with Rothschild’s Giraffes,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC794C6CF482FBB4FF44FB22" authority="Lydekker (1903)" authorityName="Lydekker" authorityYear="1903" class="Mammalia" family="Giraffidae" genus="Giraffa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="camelopardalis" subSpecies="rothschildi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC794C6CF482FBB4FAADFBC6" box="[970,1331,1115,1139]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Giraffa camelopardalis rothschildi</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE4A091CC794C6CF275FBB4FF44FB22" author="Lydekker, R." pageId="72" pageNumber="73" pagination="210 - 214" refId="ref80545" refString="Lydekker, R. (1903) Baringo Giraffe. In: Lydekker, R. (Ed.), Hutchinson's Animal Life, 2, pp. 122. [cf. Lydekker, R. (1903) On the Subspecies of Giraffa camelopardalis. Proceedings of the General Meetings for Scientific Business of the Zoological Society of London, 1 (1904), 210 - 214, pls. XII + XIII]" type="journal article" year="1903">Lydekker (1903)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
graze in a woodland site at 1.786 m elevation within Lake Nakuru National Park (Kenya)
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC794C6CF3C4FB6FFB34FB22" box="[1164,1194,1152,1175]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">ca.</emphasis>
|
||
1 km south of the lake dominated by tall (> 15 m) and young trees of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC794C6CF52CFB4CFC1DFB0E" authority="Benth." authorityName="Benth." box="[612,899,1187,1211]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Acacia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="xanthophloea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC794C6CF52CFB4CFCA4FB0E" box="[612,826,1187,1211]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Acacia xanthophloea</emphasis>
|
||
Benth.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC794C6CF4C6FB4CFC6CFB0E" box="[910,1010,1187,1211]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
: Mimosoideae) mixed with shrubs of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC794C6CF222FB4CFE68FB6A" authority="Bernh." authorityName="Bernh." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="Rhus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="natalensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC794C6CF222FB4CFF60FB6A" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Rhus natalensis</emphasis>
|
||
Bernh. (Anacardiaceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(right) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC794C6CF538FB28FCB9FB6A" box="[624,807,1223,1247]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="incanum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC794C6CF538FB28FCB9FB6A" box="[624,807,1223,1247]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Solanum incanum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
L. (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC794C6CF419FB28FC58FB6A" box="[849,966,1223,1247]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Solanaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) (foreground). Picture taken by Shimoni Lehmann in March 2016.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC794C6CF630FB04FE12FAB6" bold="true" box="[376,396,1259,1283]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">b.</emphasis>
|
||
Between 1600 and 2000 m Lower montane
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC794C6CF418FB03FC51FAB6" box="[848,975,1260,1283]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhizophoraceae" genus="Cassipourea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC794C6CF418FB03FC51FAB6" box="[848,975,1260,1283]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Cassipourea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
forest
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC794C6CF35DFB03FBD3FAB6" box="[1045,1101,1260,1283]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">sensu</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE4A091CC794C6CF31CFB03FB76FAB6" author="Hemp, A." box="[1108,1256,1259,1283]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" pagination="305 - 328" refId="ref78105" refString="Hemp, A. (2006 b) Vegetation of Kilimanjaro: hidden endemics and missing bamboo. African Journal of Ecology, 44 (3), 305 - 328. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 2028.2006.00679. x" type="journal article" year="2006">Hemp (2006b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
covers the slopes of Mount Meru (4.566 m). The picture shows an undisturbed forest of this type comprising trees of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC794C6CF3E0FAFFFE91FAFE" authority="Blume" authorityName="Blume" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" genus="Ficus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="thonningii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC794C6CF3E0FAFFFACEFA92" box="[1192,1360,1295,1319]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Ficus thonningii</emphasis>
|
||
Blume (Moraceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC794C6CF650FADCFE38FAFE" box="[280,422,1331,1355]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Oleaceae" genus="Olea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="capensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC794C6CF650FADCFE38FAFE" box="[280,422,1331,1355]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Olea capensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
L. (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC794C6CF687FADCFDB1FAFE" authorityName="von Hoffmannsegg & Link" authorityYear="1809" box="[463,559,1331,1355]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Oleaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Oleaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC794C6CF52DFADCFC61FAFE" authority="Sparrm." authorityName="Sparrm." box="[613,1023,1331,1355]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Meliaceae" genus="Ekebergia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="capensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC794C6CF52DFADCFCB7FAFE" box="[613,809,1331,1355]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Ekebergia capensis</emphasis>
|
||
Sparrm. (Meliaceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with smaller trees of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC794C6CF390FADBFE3BFADA" authority="(Verd.) Mziray" authorityName="Mziray" baseAuthorityName="Verd." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" genus="Vepris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="simplicifolia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC794C6CF390FADBFA03FAFE" box="[1240,1437,1331,1355]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Vepris simplicifolia</emphasis>
|
||
(Verd.) Mziray (Rutaceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC794C6CF691FAB7FC40FADA" authority="R. E. Fries" authorityName="R. E. Fries" box="[473,990,1367,1391]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Casearia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="battiscombei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC794C6CF691FAB7FD20FADA" box="[473,702,1367,1391]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Casearia battiscombei</emphasis>
|
||
R.E. Fries (Flacourtiaceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Ferns are present on the ground indicating a wetter site with species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC794C6CF6F2FA93FCB9FA26" authority="Forssk." authorityName="Forssk." box="[442,807,1403,1427]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Pteridaceae" genus="Pteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dentata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC794C6CF6F2FA93FDD7FA26" box="[442,585,1403,1427]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Pteris dentata</emphasis>
|
||
Forssk. (Pteridaceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC794C6CF411FA94FA07FA26" authority="(Burm. f.) Bech." authorityName="Bech." baseAuthorityName="Burm. f." box="[857,1433,1403,1427]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Aspleniaceae" genus="Asplenium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aethiopicum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC794C6CF411FA94FBD6FA26" box="[857,1096,1403,1427]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Asplenium aethiopicum</emphasis>
|
||
(Burm. f.) Bech. (Aspleniaceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Note that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC794C6CF7B3FA70FE65FA02" authorityName="Lehmann, Zahiri & Husemann" authorityYear="2023" box="[251,507,1439,1463]" class="Insecta" family="Metarbelidae" genus="Lukeniana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="timdavenporti">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC794C6CF7B3FA70FE65FA02" box="[251,507,1439,1463]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Lukeniana timdavenporti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
occurs in a similar habitat on Mount Elgon (Kenya/Uganda), but is not closely related to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC794C6CF2C0FA4FFEB8FA6E" authorityName="Lehmann, Zahiri & Husemann" authorityYear="2023" class="Insecta" family="Metarbelidae" genus="Lukeniana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andreashempi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC794C6CF2C0FA4FFEB8FA6E" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">L. andreashempi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC794C6CF61FFA2BFD87FA6E" authorityName="Lehmann, Zahiri & Husemann" authorityYear="2023" box="[343,537,1475,1499]" class="Insecta" family="Metarbelidae" genus="Lukeniana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="michaelgrzimeki">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC794C6CF61FFA2BFD87FA6E" box="[343,537,1475,1499]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">L. michaelgrzimeki</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, that both occur on Mount Meru. Picture by Dr. Andreas Hemp.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC794C6CF3E4FA2CFB20FA6E" bold="true" box="[1196,1214,1475,1499]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">c.</emphasis>
|
||
Habitat of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC794C6CF279FA2CFE97FA4A" authorityName="Lehmann, Zahiri & Husemann" authorityYear="2023" class="Insecta" family="Metarbelidae" genus="Lukeniana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mzuzuensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC794C6CF279FA2CFE97FA4A" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Lukeniana mzuzuensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: wetter,
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC794C6CF62DFA07FE1DFA4A" box="[357,387,1512,1535]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">ca.</emphasis>
|
||
50 years old Zambezian miombo woodland
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC794C6CF41AFA07FC14FA4A" box="[850,906,1512,1535]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">sensu</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE4A091CC794C6CF4DAFA08FB85FA4A" author="White, F." box="[914,1051,1511,1535]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" refId="ref83858" refString="White, F. (1983) The Vegetation of Africa: a Descriptive Memoir to Accompany the Unesco / AETFAT / UNSO Vegetation Map of Africa. Natural Resources Research No. XX. Unesco, Paris, 356 pp." type="book" year="1983">White (1983)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
at Nkhorongo (Malawi) with diverse structure, high species diversity,
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC794C6CF6A9F9E3FD98F996" box="[481,518,1548,1571]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">e.g.</emphasis>
|
||
leguminous trees. The treelet with broad leaves in the bottom right corner is
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC794C6CF243F9E3FE2BF9F2" authority="Mull. Arg." authorityName="Mull. Arg." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Uapaca" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nitida">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC794C6CF243F9E3FA02F996" box="[1291,1436,1547,1571]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Uapaca nitida</emphasis>
|
||
Müll. Arg. (Euphorbiaceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; in the centre left is
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC794C6CF5C4F9DFFCE6F9F2" authority="Mull. Arg." authorityName="Mull. Arg." box="[652,888,1583,1607]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Uapaca" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kirkiana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC794C6CF5C4F9DFFC9EF9F2" box="[652,768,1583,1607]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">U. kirkiana</emphasis>
|
||
Müll. Arg.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; background trees are
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC794C6CF329F9C0FF62F9DE" authority="Burtt Davy & Hutch." authorityName="Burtt Davy & Hutch." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Brachystegia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="utilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC794C6CF329F9C0FABCF9F2" box="[1121,1314,1583,1607]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Brachystegia utilis</emphasis>
|
||
Burtt Davy & Hutch.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC794C6CF640F9BBFE7FF9DE" authority="Benth." authorityName="Benth." box="[264,481,1619,1643]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Brachystegia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="floribunda">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC794C6CF640F9BBFE0CF9DE" box="[264,402,1619,1643]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">B. floribunda</emphasis>
|
||
Benth.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC794C6CF6A5F9BBFD54F9DE" authority="Benth." authorityName="Benth." box="[493,714,1619,1643]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Brachystegia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="spiciformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC794C6CF6A5F9BBFDE3F9DE" box="[493,637,1619,1643]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">B. spiciformis</emphasis>
|
||
Benth.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC794C6CF591F9BCFCA3F9DE" box="[729,829,1619,1643]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC794C6CF401F9BCFC6EF9DE" box="[841,1008,1619,1643]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caesalpiniaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Caesalpiniaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC794C6CF34CF9BBFA92F9DE" authority="Pax." authorityName="Pax." box="[1028,1292,1619,1643]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Uapaca" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sansibarica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC794C6CF34CF9BBFB4AF9DE" box="[1028,1236,1619,1643]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Uapaca sansibarica</emphasis>
|
||
Pax.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC794C6CF251F9BCFDEFF93A" authority="(Benth.) Troupin" authorityName="Troupin" baseAuthorityName="Benth." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Julbernardia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="paniculata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC794C6CF251F9BCFE9DF93A" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Julbernardia paniculata</emphasis>
|
||
(Benth.) Troupin (Caesalpiniaceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC794C6CF533F998FB3FF93A" authority="Guill. & Perr." authorityName="Guill. & Perr." box="[635,1185,1655,1679]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Dalbergia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="melanoxylon">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC794C6CF533F998FCF7F93A" box="[635,873,1655,1679]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Dalbergia melanoxylon</emphasis>
|
||
Guill. & Perr. (Papilionaceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In the top right centre is
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC794C6CF7DFF973FDBAF906" authority="Hochst." authorityName="Hochst." box="[151,548,1691,1715]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Araliaceae" genus="Cussonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Apiales" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="arborea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC794C6CF7DFF973FED3F906" box="[151,333,1691,1715]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Cussonia arborea</emphasis>
|
||
Hochst. (Araliaceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with light green leaves. Picture by Raymond Murphy (Nkhorongo), May 2016.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC794C6CF204F974FAFFF906" bold="true" box="[1356,1377,1691,1715]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">d.</emphasis>
|
||
Road
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC794C6CF7DFF92FFF28F962" box="[151,182,1728,1751]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">ca.</emphasis>
|
||
23 km southeast Mbala (Zambia), close to the habitat of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC794C6CF5BEF950FC48F962" authorityName="Lehmann, Zahiri & Husemann" authorityYear="2023" box="[758,982,1727,1751]" class="Insecta" family="Metarbelidae" genus="Lukeniana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hausmanni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC794C6CF5BEF950FC48F962" box="[758,982,1727,1751]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Lukeniana hausmanni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, on the Southern African Plateau with northern wet miombo
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC794C6CF60CF90BFEE2F94E" box="[324,380,1764,1787]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">sensu</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE4A091CC794C6CF6CBF90CFDD9F94E" author="Chidumayo, E. N." box="[387,583,1763,1787]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" refId="ref76445" refString="Chidumayo, E. N. (1997) Miombo Ecology and Management: An Introduction. Stockholm Environment Institute, Stockholm and Intermediate Technology Publications, London, xviii + 166 pp." type="book" year="1997">Chidumayo (1997)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC794C6CF519F90CFC44F94E" box="[593,986,1763,1787]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Brachystegia-Isoberlinia-Julbernardia</emphasis>
|
||
association mixed with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC794C6CF39AF90CFF45F8AA" authority="Harms" authorityName="Harms" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Albizia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="antunesiana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC794C6CF39AF90CFA02F94E" box="[1234,1436,1763,1787]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Albizia antunesiana</emphasis>
|
||
Harms
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC794C6CF7A0F8E8FED2F8AA" box="[232,332,1799,1823]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
: Mimosoideae). Picture by Jürgen Lenz (Leipzig), October 2009.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF0A8DE8CC784C6DF7DFFAE4FB02F846" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7840839" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7840839" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7840839/files/figure.png" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" startId="73.[151,250,1291,1315]" targetBox="[232,1354,181,1267]" targetPageId="73">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCADD60CC784C6DF7DFFAE4FB02F846" blockId="73.[151,1437,1291,2036]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC784C6DF7DFFAE4FEA4FA96" bold="true" box="[151,314,1291,1315]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">FIGURE 21. a.</emphasis>
|
||
Wetter type of miombo with open canopies and consequently with a high grass cover. The picture shows colourful woodland viewed from a small grassy plateau down into in the Mutinondo Wilderness Area (Zambia). The wet miombo is dominated by
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC784C6DF677FABCFDE7FADE" authority="Benth." authorityName="Benth." box="[319,633,1363,1387]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Brachystegia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="longifolia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC784C6DF677FABCFDB3FADE" box="[319,557,1363,1387]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Brachystegia longifolia</emphasis>
|
||
Benth.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC784C6DF5CAFABBFC91FADE" box="[642,783,1363,1387]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Brachystegia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="spiciformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC784C6DF5CAFABBFC91FADE" box="[642,783,1363,1387]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">B. spiciformis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC784C6DF477FABCFB6DFADE" box="[831,1267,1363,1387]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Julbernardia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="paniculata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC784C6DF477FABCFBABFADE" box="[831,1077,1363,1387]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Julbernardia paniculata</emphasis>
|
||
(Caesalpiniaceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The picture was taken in October 2010 by Jürgen Lenz.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC784C6DF563FA98FDA1FA3A" bold="true" box="[555,575,1399,1423]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">b.</emphasis>
|
||
One of the granite inselbergs (the hill in the centre) with distinctive scrub woodland in the Mutinondo Wilderness Area that is still on but close to the northeastern edge of the Southern African Plateau. Inselbergs
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC784C6DF7DFFA2FFF51FA62" box="[151,207,1472,1495]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">sensu</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE4A091CC784C6DF79DFA50FE1AFA62" author="Bornhardt, W." box="[213,388,1471,1495]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" pagination="1 - 595" refId="ref75605" refString="Bornhardt, W. (1900) Zur Oberflachengestaltung und Geologie Deutsch-Ostafrikas. In: Deutsch-Ostafrika. Wissenschaftliche Forschungsresultate uber Land und Leute unseres ostafrikanischen Schutzgebietes und der angrenzenden Lander. Band 7. D. Reimer, Berlin, Seiten 1 - 595, XXVII Tafeln + Karten." type="book chapter" year="1900">Bornhardt (1900)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
are rock outcrop formations occurring in a broad range of size,
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC784C6DF4B5FA2FFBBCFA62" box="[1021,1058,1472,1495]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">e.g.</emphasis>
|
||
as single hills or as inselberg plateaus and in a varying degree of isolation. Hence, inselbergs are often least-disturbed ecosystems. The inselberg in the picture is partly covered by scrub woodland comprising,
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC784C6DF577F9E7FDFAF9AA" box="[575,612,1544,1567]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">e.g.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC784C6DF524F9E7FC51F9AA" authority="Oliv." authorityName="Oliv." box="[620,975,1543,1567]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Vitex" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="madiens">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC784C6DF524F9E7FD65F9AA" box="[620,763,1543,1567]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Vitex madiens</emphasis>
|
||
Oliv. (Verbenaceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC784C6DF34DF9E7FA03F9AA" authority="Delile" authorityName="Delile" box="[1029,1437,1543,1567]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="Ozoroa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="insignis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC784C6DF34DF9E7FB39F9AA" box="[1029,1191,1544,1567]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Ozoroa insignis</emphasis>
|
||
Delile (Anacardiaceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
between the granite blocks and is surrounded by wet miombo. The picture was taken in October 2010 by Jürgen Lenz.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC784C6DF274F9C4FAD0F9F6" bold="true" box="[1340,1358,1579,1603]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">c.</emphasis>
|
||
The artificial lake of Chikamba Real (Mozambique) viewed from the Bvumba Mountains (Zimbabwe) in the West. The landscape that represents the habitat of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC784C6DF6DEF99CFD26F93E" authorityName="Lehmann, Zahiri & Husemann" authorityYear="2023" box="[406,696,1651,1675]" class="Insecta" family="Metarbelidae" genus="Lukeniana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="utaheidenreichae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC784C6DF6DEF99CFD26F93E" box="[406,696,1651,1675]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Lukeniana utaheidenreichae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is diverse and comprises Deciduous Miombo Savanna Woodland
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC784C6DF22CF99BFA02F93E" box="[1380,1436,1652,1675]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">sensu</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE4A091CC784C6DF7DFF978FE15F91A" author="Wild, H. & Barbosa, L. A. & Grandvaux" box="[151,395,1687,1711]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" refId="ref83936" refString="Wild, H. & Barbosa, L. A. Grandvaux (1968) Vegetation map (1: 2 500 000 in colour) of the Flora Zambesiaca area. Descriptive memoir. M. O. Collins, Salisbury, Rhodesia, 71 pp. [Supplement to Flora Zambesiaca]" type="book" year="1968">Wild & Barbosa (1968)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
characterised by
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC784C6DF50BF978FD77F91A" box="[579,745,1687,1711]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caesalpiniaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Caesalpiniaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC784C6DF5BCF977FBB8F91A" box="[756,1062,1687,1711]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
|
||
e.g.,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC784C6DF46FF978FBB8F91A" box="[807,1062,1687,1711]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Brachystegia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="spiciformis">Brachystegia spiciformis</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC784C6DF37CF977FB7BF91A" authority="Taub." authorityName="Taub." box="[1076,1253,1687,1711]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Brachystegia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="boehmii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC784C6DF37CF977FB3AF91A" box="[1076,1188,1687,1711]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">B. boehmii</emphasis>
|
||
Taub.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC784C6DF251F978FE35F966" authority="(Benth.) Troupin" authorityName="Troupin" baseAuthorityName="Benth." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Julbernardia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="globiflora">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC784C6DF251F978FF62F966" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Julbernardia globiflora</emphasis>
|
||
(Benth.) Troupin
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Jonathan Timberlake, Friston, East Dean, U.K., pers. com. to I.L. in 2015). The picture was taken in April 2006 by Jürgen Lenz (Harare, Zimbabwe).
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC784C6DF5C1F930FD03F942" bold="true" box="[649,669,1759,1783]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">d.</emphasis>
|
||
Habitat of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC784C6DF458F930FB32F942" authority="(Hampson, 1909)" baseAuthorityName="Hampson" baseAuthorityYear="1909" box="[784,1196,1759,1783]" class="Insecta" family="Metarbelidae" genus="Mountelgonia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arcifera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC784C6DF458F930FC6BF942" box="[784,1013,1759,1783]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Mountelgonia arcifera</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE4A091CC784C6DF34AF930FB3BF942" author="Hampson, G. F." box="[1026,1189,1759,1783]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" pagination="133" refId="ref77796" refString="Hampson, G. F. (1909) Ruwenzori Expedition Reports. 11. Lepidoptera Heterocera. Family Arbelidae. Transactions of the Zoological Society of London, 19 (2), 133. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1469 - 7998.1909. tb 08563. x" type="journal article" year="1909">Hampson, 1909</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC784C6DF395F930FF64F8AE" authorityName="Lehmann, Zahiri & Husemann" authorityYear="2023" class="Insecta" family="Metarbelidae" genus="Lukeniana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="georgeadamsoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC784C6DF395F930FF64F8AE" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Lukeniana georgeadamsoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
on the game ranch of Dr. David Hopcraft in Somalia-Masai edaphic grassland
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC784C6DF35BF8EBFBD5F8AE" box="[1043,1099,1796,1819]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">sensu</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE4A091CC784C6DF319F8ECFB45F8AE" author="White, F." box="[1105,1243,1795,1819]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" refId="ref83858" refString="White, F. (1983) The Vegetation of Africa: a Descriptive Memoir to Accompany the Unesco / AETFAT / UNSO Vegetation Map of Africa. Natural Resources Research No. XX. Unesco, Paris, 356 pp." type="book" year="1983">White (1983)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. A young tree (left) of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC784C6DF7FCF8C7FE48F88A" authority="Benth." authorityName="Benth." box="[180,470,1831,1855]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Acacia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="xanthophloea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC784C6DF7FCF8C7FE15F88A" box="[180,395,1831,1855]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Acacia xanthophloea</emphasis>
|
||
Benth.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is in the foreground. To the right and in the background occur small trees of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC784C6DF3BAF8C8FEE5F8D6" authority="Mildbr." authorityName="Mildbr." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Zygophyllaceae" genus="Balanites" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zygophyllales" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glabra">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC784C6DF3BAF8C8FA03F88A" box="[1266,1437,1831,1855]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Balanites glabra</emphasis>
|
||
Mildbr. (Balanitaceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC784C6DF6D1F8A4FC97F8D6" authority="Forssk." authorityName="Forssk." box="[409,777,1867,1891]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Themeda" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="triandra">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC784C6DF6D1F8A4FDCEF8D6" box="[409,592,1867,1891]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Themeda triandra</emphasis>
|
||
Forssk. (Poaceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
grassland. The small light green woody plant below the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC784C6DF277F8A3FA1BF8D6" box="[1343,1413,1868,1891]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Acacia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC784C6DF277F8A3FA1BF8D6" box="[1343,1413,1868,1891]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Acacia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC784C6DF7DFF880FD83F832" authority="Ulbr." authorityName="Ulbr." box="[151,541,1903,1927]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Hibiscus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="flavifolius">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC784C6DF7DFF880FEC5F832" box="[151,347,1903,1927]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Hibiscus flavifolius</emphasis>
|
||
Ulbr. (Malvaceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The picture was taken by Ingo Lehmann in March 1999.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC784C6DF32EF880FBE9F832" bold="true" box="[1126,1143,1903,1927]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">e.</emphasis>
|
||
Habitat of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC784C6DF3A1F880FF43F81E" authorityName="Lehmann, Zahiri & Husemann" authorityYear="2023" class="Insecta" family="Metarbelidae" genus="Lukeniana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mikerobertsi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC784C6DF3A1F880FF43F81E" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Lukeniana mikerobertsi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: 270–286 years old trees of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC784C6DF6B5F87BFC32F81E" authority="Hochst." authorityName="Hochst." box="[509,940,1939,1963]" class="Pinopsida" family="Cupressaceae" genus="Juniperus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="procera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC784C6DF6B5F87BFD29F81E" box="[509,695,1940,1963]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Juniperus procera</emphasis>
|
||
Hochst. (Cupressaceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
that form a Single-dominant Afromontane forest
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC784C6DF7DFF857FF51F87A" box="[151,207,1976,1999]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">sensu</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE4A091CC784C6DF79FF858FEC1F87A" author="White, F." box="[215,351,1975,1999]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" refId="ref83858" refString="White, F. (1983) The Vegetation of Africa: a Descriptive Memoir to Accompany the Unesco / AETFAT / UNSO Vegetation Map of Africa. Natural Resources Research No. XX. Unesco, Paris, 356 pp." type="book" year="1983">White (1983)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
on Site 1 of Kambi ya Simba at 2.165 m (Lolldaiga Hills Ranch and Wildlife Conservancy). The smaller tree in the foreground (right) is
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC784C6DF690F834FDF1F846" box="[472,623,2011,2035]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Oleaceae" genus="Olea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="europaea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC784C6DF690F834FDF1F846" box="[472,623,2011,2035]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Olea europaea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
L. (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC784C6DF5D0F834FD65F846" authorityName="von Hoffmannsegg & Link" authorityYear="1809" box="[664,763,2011,2035]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Oleaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Oleaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Picture by Ingo Lehmann, March 2016.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF0A8DE8CC7A4C6FF7DFFF79FE7AFB2A" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" startId="75.[151,250,150,174]">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCADD60CC7A4C6FF7DFFF79FE7AFB2A" blockId="75.[151,1437,150,1183]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7A4C6FF7DFFF79FEA5FF1A" bold="true" box="[151,315,150,175]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">FIGURE 22. a.</emphasis>
|
||
One of the biggest trees of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7A4C6FF513FF78FC8BFF1B" box="[603,789,151,174]" class="Pinopsida" family="Cupressaceae" genus="Juniperus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="procera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7A4C6FF513FF78FC8BFF1B" box="[603,789,151,174]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Juniperus procera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, having a dbh of 112 cm and an age of
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7A4C6FF3F8FF78FB51FF1B" box="[1200,1231,151,174]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">ca.</emphasis>
|
||
280 years on Site 1 at Kambi ya Simba. The photograph shows how huge the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7A4C6FF5ACFF54FCD6FF67" authorityName="C.Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" box="[740,840,187,210]" class="Pinopsida" family="Cupressaceae" genus="Juniperus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7A4C6FF5ACFF54FCD6FF67" box="[740,840,187,210]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Juniperus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
trees are, if compared to the two humans, a very rare sight in present central Kenya. These huge trees represent the habitat of four genera, including
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7A4C6FF36EFF30FB0FFF42" authorityName="Lehmann, Zahiri & Husemann" authorityYear="2023" box="[1062,1169,223,247]" class="Insecta" family="Metarbelidae" genus="Lukeniana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7A4C6FF36EFF30FB0FFF42" box="[1062,1169,223,247]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Lukeniana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7A4C6FF38BFF30FACFFF42" authorityName="Lehmann" authorityYear="2013" box="[1219,1361,223,247]" class="Insecta" family="Metarbelidae" genus="Mountelgonia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7A4C6FF38BFF30FACFFF42" box="[1219,1361,223,247]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Mountelgonia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and at least four species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7A4C6FF623FEECFE6AFEAE" baseAuthorityName="Lehmann" baseAuthorityYear="2019" box="[363,500,259,283]" class="Insecta" family="Metarbelidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Metarbelidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Picture by Julius Mwenda Mathiu, March 2016.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7A4C6FF4B9FEECFB98FEAE" bold="true" box="[1009,1030,259,283]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">b.</emphasis>
|
||
Site 1, location of light-trapping below two trees (right half of the image) of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7A4C6FF55BFEC8FD4FFE8A" authority="Hochst." authorityName="Hochst." box="[531,721,295,319]" class="Pinopsida" family="Cupressaceae" genus="Juniperus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="procera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7A4C6FF55BFEC8FDE4FE8B" box="[531,634,295,318]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">J. procera</emphasis>
|
||
Hochst.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7A4C6FF595FEC8FCF5FE8A" box="[733,875,295,319]" class="Pinopsida" family="Cupressaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Cupressaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, dbh 108 cm) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7A4C6FF361FEC8FB5EFE8B" box="[1065,1216,295,319]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Oleaceae" genus="Olea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="europaea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7A4C6FF361FEC8FB5EFE8B" box="[1065,1216,295,319]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Olea europaea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
L. (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7A4C6FF3A3FEC8FAD2FE8A" authorityName="von Hoffmannsegg & Link" authorityYear="1809" box="[1259,1356,295,319]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Oleaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Oleaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, dbh 59 cm with broken stem at 5.6 m). Four undescribed
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7A4C6FF5D2FEA4FCBEFED6" baseAuthorityName="Lehmann" baseAuthorityYear="2019" box="[666,800,331,355]" class="Insecta" family="Metarbelidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Metarbelidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
species of the
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7A4C6FF4F2FEA4FB5FFED6" box="[954,1217,331,355]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7A4C6FF4F2FEA4FBB6FED6" authorityName="Lehmann, Zahiri & Husemann" authorityYear="2023" box="[954,1064,331,355]" class="Insecta" family="Metarbelidae" genus="Lukeniana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lukeniana</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7A4C6FF37BFEA4FB5FFED6" authorityName="Lehmann" authorityYear="2013" box="[1075,1217,331,355]" class="Insecta" family="Metarbelidae" genus="Mountelgonia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Mountelgonia</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and two undescribed genera were found in one night in March 2016. This represents one of the highest metarbelid species richness on 625 m
|
||
<superScript id="7C007028CC7A4C6FF219FE81FAC6FEC9" attach="left" box="[1361,1368,366,380]" fontSize="6" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">2</superScript>
|
||
at any known montane site in central Kenya. Collections of more than five species have only been recorded by the first author inside lowland Gogoni Forest Reserve and Kaya Muhaka (Kenya, Coast, Kwale County). Photo by Ingo Lehmann, March 2016.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7A4C6FF2C3FE58FA02FE7A" bold="true" box="[1419,1436,439,463]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">c.</emphasis>
|
||
Southeastern Mpala Research Centre (MRC) with Site 1 in the foreground and Site 2 in the far distant right. The Lolldaiga Hills are in the background (left and centre) and Mount Kenya is located towards the right (not visible). The vegetation is East African evergreen and semi-evergreen bushland and thicket
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7A4C6FF59AFDCCFC94FD8F" box="[722,778,547,570]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">sensu</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE4A091CC7A4C6FF459FDCCFC02FD8E" author="White, F." box="[785,924,547,571]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" refId="ref83858" refString="White, F. (1983) The Vegetation of Africa: a Descriptive Memoir to Accompany the Unesco / AETFAT / UNSO Vegetation Map of Africa. Natural Resources Research No. XX. Unesco, Paris, 356 pp." type="book" year="1983">White (1983)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Trees shorter 5 m are present,
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7A4C6FF392FDCCFB61FD8F" box="[1242,1279,547,570]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">e.g.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7A4C6FF24DFDCCFF7EFDEB" authority="Brenan" authorityName="Brenan" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Acacia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="etbaica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7A4C6FF24DFDCCFA03FD8E" box="[1285,1437,547,571]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Acacia etbaica</emphasis>
|
||
Brenan
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7A4C6FF7A7FDA8FECDFDEA" box="[239,339,583,607]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
: Mimosoideae) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7A4C6FF56AFDA8FC40FDEA" authority="A. Rich." authorityName="A. Rich." box="[546,990,583,607]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Capparaceae" genus="Boscia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Brassicales" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="angustifolia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7A4C6FF56AFDA8FD79FDEA" box="[546,743,583,607]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Boscia angustifolia</emphasis>
|
||
A. Rich. (Capparaceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(dark green crown on far right).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7A4C6FF279FDA8FE88FD36" authorityName="Lehmann, Zahiri & Husemann" authorityYear="2023" class="Insecta" family="Metarbelidae" genus="Lukeniana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mikerobertsi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7A4C6FF279FDA8FE88FD36" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Lukeniana mikerobertsi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was common here in March 2016. Only one additional
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7A4C6FF418FD84FC46FD36" baseAuthorityName="Lehmann" baseAuthorityYear="2019" box="[848,984,619,643]" class="Insecta" family="Metarbelidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Metarbelidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, an undescribed species, related to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7A4C6FF276FD84FEBFFD13" authority="Walker, 1865" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1865" class="Insecta" family="Cossidae" genus="Salagena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7A4C6FF276FD84FA02FD36" box="[1342,1436,619,643]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Salagena</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE4A091CC7A4C6FF7DFFD60FEBFFD13" author="Walker, F." box="[151,289,654,679]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" pagination="590 - 591" refId="ref83668" refString="Walker, F. (1865) Genus Salagena. In: Walker, F. (Ed.), List of the specimens of Lepidopterous insects in the collection of the British Museum. Part XXXI. Supplement. Printed by the order of the Trustees, London, pp. 590 - 591." type="book chapter" year="1865">Walker, 1865</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, was recorded. The vegetation figured is comparable to that of 1958 (Alick Gordon Roberts pers. com. to I.L. in 2017) and indicates a long-term species composition at least for decades with little disturbance. Picture taken by Ingo Lehmann in March 2016.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7A4C6FF675FD38FECCFD5A" bold="true" box="[317,338,727,751]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">d.</emphasis>
|
||
Habitat of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7A4C6FF681FD38FD25FD5A" authorityName="Lehmann, Zahiri & Husemann" authorityYear="2023" box="[457,699,727,751]" class="Insecta" family="Metarbelidae" genus="Lukeniana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mikerobertsi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7A4C6FF681FD38FD25FD5A" box="[457,699,727,751]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Lukeniana mikerobertsi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7A4C6FF5BFFD38FC7FFD5B" authority="Brenan" authorityName="Brenan" box="[759,993,727,751]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Acacia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="etbaica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7A4C6FF5BFFD38FC0EFD5A" box="[759,912,727,751]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Acacia etbaica</emphasis>
|
||
Brenan
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7A4C6FF4B8FD38FBCAFD5A" box="[1008,1108,727,751]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
: Mimosoideae) representing the dominant species at Site 1. To the left of this tree is
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7A4C6FF5E3FD14FB8DFCA6" authority="Mill." authorityName="Mill." box="[683,1043,763,787]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Opuntia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vulgaris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7A4C6FF5E3FD14FCC6FCA6" box="[683,856,763,787]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Opuntia vulgaris</emphasis>
|
||
Mill. (Cactaceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The grass in the foreground is mainly
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7A4C6FF7DFFCF0FDBBFC82" authority="Schult" authorityName="Schult" box="[151,549,799,823]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Chloris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="roxburghiana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7A4C6FF7DFFCF0FEECFC82" box="[151,370,799,823]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Chloris roxburghiana</emphasis>
|
||
Schult (Poaceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The shrubby vegetation represents
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7A4C6FF4C5FCF0FB0CFC83" authority="Harms." authorityName="Harms." box="[909,1170,799,823]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Acacia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="brevispica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7A4C6FF4C5FCF0FBDCFC82" box="[909,1090,799,823]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Acacia brevispica</emphasis>
|
||
Harms.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7A4C6FF3D6FCF0FA9CFC82" box="[1182,1282,799,823]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
: Mimosoideae) mixed with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7A4C6FF659FCACFD23FCEE" authority="(Forssk.) Fiori" authorityName="Fiori" baseAuthorityName="Forssk." box="[273,701,835,859]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Grewia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tenax">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7A4C6FF659FCACFE04FCEF" box="[273,410,835,858]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Grewia tenax</emphasis>
|
||
(Forssk.) Fiori (Malvaceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Picture by Andrea Surmat, MRC, March 2016.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7A4C6FF3E3FCACFB23FCEE" bold="true" box="[1195,1213,835,859]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">e.</emphasis>
|
||
Habitat of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7A4C6FF279FCACFF45FCCA" authorityName="Lehmann, Zahiri & Husemann" authorityYear="2023" class="Insecta" family="Metarbelidae" genus="Lukeniana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="butleri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7A4C6FF279FCACFF45FCCA" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Lukeniana butleri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: A patch of drier possibly transitional miombo at Fawlty Towers (Harare), undisturbed since 1994 and with an unusually high proportion of the succulent tree
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7A4C6FF500FC64FB99FC16" authority="E. Mey." authorityName="E. Mey." box="[584,1031,907,931]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Euphorbia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ingens">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7A4C6FF500FC64FD60FC17" box="[584,766,907,931]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Euphorbia ingens</emphasis>
|
||
E. Mey. (Euphorbiaceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(left and centre).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7A4C6FF38BFC64FED5FC72" authority="Benth." authorityName="Benth." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Brachystegia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="spiciformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7A4C6FF38BFC64FACCFC16" box="[1219,1362,907,931]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">B. spiciformis</emphasis>
|
||
Benth. (Caesalpiniaceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is dominant mixed with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7A4C6FF514FC40FC6BFC72" authority="Hochst." authorityName="Hochst." box="[604,1013,943,967]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Araliaceae" genus="Cussonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Apiales" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="arborea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7A4C6FF514FC40FC8BFC72" box="[604,789,943,967]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Cussonia arborea</emphasis>
|
||
Hochst. (Araliaceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7A4C6FF366FC40FE84FC5E" authority="F. Hoffm." authorityName="F. Hoffm." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ochnaceae" genus="Ochna" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="schweinfurthiana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7A4C6FF366FC40FAB2FC72" box="[1070,1324,943,967]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Ochna schweinfurthiana</emphasis>
|
||
F. Hoffm. (Ochnaceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Picture by Rhett Butler (Harare), May 2016.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7A4C6FF5B3FC3DFC95FC5F" bold="true" box="[763,779,978,1002]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">f.</emphasis>
|
||
Habitat of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7A4C6FF4CBFC3CFBA4FC5E" authorityName="Lehmann, Zahiri & Husemann" authorityYear="2023" box="[899,1082,979,1003]" class="Insecta" family="Metarbelidae" genus="Lukeniana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="butleri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7A4C6FF4CBFC3CFBA4FC5E" box="[899,1082,979,1003]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Lukeniana butleri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: A dry type of miombo at Fawlty Towers disturbed due to various plantings in 1981,
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7A4C6FF5DFFC18FD5CFBBB" box="[663,706,1015,1038]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">e.g.,</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7A4C6FF58FFC18FC4CFBBA" authority="Hochst." authorityName="Hochst." box="[711,978,1015,1039]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Acacia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="abyssinica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7A4C6FF58FFC18FCE0FBBA" box="[711,894,1015,1039]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Acacia abyssinica</emphasis>
|
||
Hochst.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(the flat-topped tree in the centre) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7A4C6FF21EFC18FEF7FB86" authority="Benth." authorityName="Benth." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Acacia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="xanthophloea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7A4C6FF21EFC18FEF7FB86" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Acacia xanthophloea Benth.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7A4C6FF63DFBF4FE47FB86" box="[373,473,1051,1075]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
: Mimosoideae), the trees with green-yellowish bark in the right. Remnants of miombo comprise
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7A4C6FF7DFFBD0FDD4FBE2" authority="Lam." authorityName="Lam." box="[151,586,1087,1111]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Erythrina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="abyssinica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7A4C6FF7DFFBD0FEF5FBE2" box="[151,363,1087,1111]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Erythrina abyssinica</emphasis>
|
||
Lam. (Papilionaceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(the dark tree in front of the centre); to the left of this tree
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7A4C6FF3D6FBD0FE92FBCE" authority="(Miq.) Miq." authorityName="Miq." baseAuthorityName="Miq." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" genus="Ficus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="burkei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7A4C6FF3D6FBD0FA80FBE2" box="[1182,1310,1087,1111]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Ficus burkei</emphasis>
|
||
(Miq.) Miq. (Moraceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7A4C6FF675FB8CFCDEFBCE" authority="Benth." authorityName="Benth." box="[317,832,1123,1147]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Brachystegia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="spiciformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7A4C6FF675FB8CFDA4FBCE" box="[317,570,1123,1147]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Brachystegia spiciformis</emphasis>
|
||
Benth. (Caesalpiniaceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the latter also appearing in the right foreground. Picture by Rhett Butler (Harare), May 2016
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCADD60CC7A4C6FF78FFB22FA03FA9A" blockId="75.[151,1437,1229,2011]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7A4C6FF78FFB22FE86FB52" box="[199,280,1229,1255]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Thorax</emphasis>
|
||
: Patagia and tegulae with long hair-like scales of ochre and pale cream, shiny. Small pale cream crest of scales on metathorax, glossy. Hindlegs yellow ochre with fine hair-like scales, shiny, with a pair of narrow tibial spurs of unequal length, outer spur
|
||
<quantity id="4C8D7085CC7A4C6FF566FAFAFD16FA9A" box="[558,648,1301,1327]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="1.1">1.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
, inner spur
|
||
<quantity id="4C8D7085CC7A4C6FF459FAFAFCF5FA9A" box="[785,875,1301,1327]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="0.8">0.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Forewing length 23.0 mm (wingspan 49.0 mm).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCADD60CC7A4C6FF7DFFAD6FA02FA56" blockId="75.[151,1437,1229,2011]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">
|
||
Forewing large, 1.4×width of hindwing, upperside with faded dark ochre coloured lines and striae on an ochre ground colour, slightly glossy towards termen; a broad white band below CuA
|
||
<subScript id="17F1DF25CC7A4C6FF352FA80FBBCFAC8" attach="left" box="[1050,1058,1391,1405]" fontSize="6" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">2</subScript>
|
||
, latter narrowly edged with faint sepia above; three more-or-less continuous lines of faint sepia, straight, originating near costa and lines terminating at CuA
|
||
<subScript id="17F1DF25CC7A4C6FF7AEFA58FF70FA70" attach="left" box="[230,238,1463,1477]" fontSize="6" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">1</subScript>
|
||
or below, costa honey yellow with striae from base to apex; veins not distinctly coloured; cilia long,
|
||
<quantity id="4C8D7085CC7A4C6FF209FA4AFA06FA0A" box="[1345,1432,1445,1471]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="1.2">1.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
, pale cream with shiny; faint sepia spots at ends of veins along termen. Forewing underside roughly scaled, cream,
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCADD60CC7A4C6FF7DFFA02FA02F9B2" blockId="75.[151,1437,1229,2011]" box="[151,1436,1517,1543]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">no striae on costa, slightly glossy. Hindwing upperside cream, glossy; cilia as in forewing; underside cream, glossy,</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCADD60CC7A4C6FF7DFF9FEFE09F99E" blockId="75.[151,1437,1229,2011]" box="[151,407,1553,1579]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">not darker along costa.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCADD60CC7A4C6FF78FF9DAFA02F922" blockId="75.[151,1437,1229,2011]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7A4C6FF78FF9DAFEAFF9FA" box="[199,305,1589,1615]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||
: Honey yellow mixed with cream, glossy; abdominal tuft one-third abdominal length. Genitalia with papillae anales broad, dorsal part 8-shaped in posterior view, densely covered with mainly long setae. Scattered long setae on segment 8, many long setae along posterior margin; two narrow latero-ventral sclerotized bands,
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCADD60CC7A4C6FF7DFF94EFC23F826" blockId="75.[151,1437,1229,2011]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">
|
||
fused along its posterior margin (in posterior view) and separated along its anterior margin (in anterior view), with an acuminate end towards base of anterior apophysis (in lateral view); bands covering
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7A4C6FF33CF929FB0BF96A" box="[1140,1173,1734,1759]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">ca.</emphasis>
|
||
30% of ventral side of segment 8. Dorso-anterior margin of abdominal plate without an emargination. Posterior apophyses straight, very broad, 2.0× as broad as width of anterior apophyses, from base to more than half of their length, tip narrow and rectangular. Anterior apophyses almost straight, not bent at middle, slightly bent towards rectangular tip. Anterior apophyses 1.4× longer than posterior apophyses. Ductus bursae and corpus bursae thinly membranous without processes; ductus bursae twice as long as corpus bursae, latter pear-shaped.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36F8EEBCC7A4C68F78FF872FD32FE40" lastPageId="76" lastPageNumber="77" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCADD60CC7A4C68F78FF872FD32FE40" blockId="75.[151,1437,1229,2011]" lastBlockId="76.[151,1437,151,501]" lastPageId="76" lastPageNumber="77" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7A4C6FF78FF872FEDCF802" bold="true" box="[199,322,1949,1975]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
This is the largest known species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7A4C6FF593F872FCEBF802" authorityName="Strand" authorityYear="1909" box="[731,885,1949,1975]" class="Insecta" family="Cossidae" genus="Metarbelodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7A4C6FF593F872FCEBF802" box="[731,885,1949,1975]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Metarbelodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
genus-group. The forewing venation is similar to that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7A4C6FF7A0F82EFE62F86E" box="[232,508,1985,2011]" class="Insecta" family="Cossidae" genus="Metarbelodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="umtaliana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7A4C6FF7A0F82EFE62F86E" box="[232,508,1985,2011]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Metarbelodes umtaliana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7A4C6FF542F82DFD2CF86E" authorityName="Lehmann & Zahiri & Husemann" authorityYear="2023" box="[522,690,1985,2011]" class="Insecta" family="Metarbelidae" genus="Zambezia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jennyhuntae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7A4C6FF542F82DFD2CF86E" box="[522,690,1985,2011]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Z. jennyhuntae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7A4C6FF5B9F82DFC2EF86E" authorityName="Lehmann, Zahiri & Husemann" authorityYear="2023" box="[753,944,1985,2011]" class="Insecta" family="Metarbelidae" genus="Zambezia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="durrellbarnesi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7A4C6FF5B9F82DFC2EF86E" box="[753,944,1985,2011]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Z. durrellbarnesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; the three species share the following characters: an areole of medium size, not as large as upper half of cell, and the CuP vein is represented by a strong and continuous fold, similar to an intact vein particularly strong sclerotized near the wing base and towards the dorsum. The latter character is shared with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7D4C68F56CFF30FD20FF4C" authorityName="Lehmann, Zahiri & Husemann" authorityYear="2023" box="[548,702,223,249]" class="Insecta" family="Metarbelidae" genus="Zambezia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="madambae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7D4C68F56CFF30FD20FF4C" box="[548,702,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Z. madambae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Of note is that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7D4C68F433FF30FBABFF4C" authorityName="Lehmann, Zahiri & Husemann" authorityYear="2023" box="[891,1077,223,249]" class="Insecta" family="Metarbelidae" genus="Zambezia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="darrelplowesi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7D4C68F433FF30FBABFF4C" box="[891,1077,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Z. darrelplowesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is currently the only species of
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7D4C68F7DFFEECFE95FEA8" box="[151,267,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7D4C68F7DFFEECFE99FEA8" authorityName="Lehmann, Zahiri & Husemann" authorityYear="2023" box="[151,263,259,285]" class="Insecta" family="Metarbelidae" genus="Zambezia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Zambezia</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
in which parts of the CuP are weakly sclerotized along the entire ventral edge of this vein towards the dorsum. Vein R
|
||
<subScript id="17F1DF25CC7D4C68F60CFED6FED2FEF2" attach="left" box="[324,332,313,327]" fontSize="6" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">2</subScript>
|
||
is separated from R
|
||
<subScript id="17F1DF25CC7D4C68F562FED6FDACFEF2" attach="left" box="[554,562,313,327]" fontSize="6" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">3</subScript>
|
||
+R
|
||
<quantity id="4C8D7085CC7D4C68F51CFED6FDE6FEF4" box="[596,632,295,327]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.016" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" unit="in" value="4.0">
|
||
<subScript id="17F1DF25CC7D4C68F51CFED6FDC2FEF2" attach="left" box="[596,604,313,327]" fontSize="6" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">4</subScript>
|
||
in
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7D4C68F5FEFEC8FCF0FEF4" authorityName="Lehmann, Zahiri & Husemann" authorityYear="2023" box="[694,878,295,321]" class="Insecta" family="Metarbelidae" genus="Zambezia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="darrelplowesi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7D4C68F5FEFEC8FCF0FEF4" box="[694,878,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Z. darrelplowesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7D4C68F4EAFEC8FBA7FEF4" authorityName="Lehmann, Zahiri & Husemann" authorityYear="2023" box="[930,1081,295,321]" class="Insecta" family="Metarbelidae" genus="Zambezia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="madambae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7D4C68F4EAFEC8FBA7FEF4" box="[930,1081,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Z. madambae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. There are two characters of the female postabdominal structure that separate
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7D4C68F5C4FEA4FCDDFED0" authorityName="Lehmann, Zahiri & Husemann" authorityYear="2023" box="[652,835,331,357]" class="Insecta" family="Metarbelidae" genus="Zambezia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="darrelplowesi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7D4C68F5C4FEA4FCDDFED0" box="[652,835,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Z. darrelplowesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from all other known females: (i) the anterior apophyses are 1.4× longer than the posterior apophyses, and (ii) the posterior apophyses are very broad, 2.0× as broad as the width of anterior apophyses on
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7D4C68F6BCFE7CFD8BFE19" box="[500,533,403,428]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">ca.</emphasis>
|
||
65% of their length. The female genitalia of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7D4C68F34CFE7CFB22FE18" authorityName="Lehmann, Zahiri & Husemann" authorityYear="2023" box="[1028,1212,403,429]" class="Insecta" family="Metarbelidae" genus="Zambezia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="darrelplowesi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7D4C68F34CFE7CFB22FE18" box="[1028,1212,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Z. darrelplowesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have a pear-shaped, small corpus bursae (astonishing small for such a large female), whereas the corpus bursae of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7D4C68F38AFE58FA1CFE64" authorityName="Lehmann, Zahiri & Husemann" authorityYear="2023" box="[1218,1410,439,465]" class="Insecta" family="Metarbelidae" genus="Zambezia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="durrellbarnesi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7D4C68F38AFE58FA1CFE64" box="[1218,1410,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Z. durrellbarnesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is more rounded and larger, as large as segment 8.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF0A8DE8CC7D4C68F7DFFBEFFC2FFA7D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7840841" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7840841" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7840841/files/figure.png" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" startId="76.[151,250,1024,1048]" targetBox="[151,1436,525,1001]" targetPageId="76">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCADD60CC7D4C68F7DFFBEFFC2FFA7D" blockId="76.[151,1437,1024,1480]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7D4C68F7DFFBEFFEA7FBAD" bold="true" box="[151,313,1024,1048]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">FIGURE 23. a.</emphasis>
|
||
Habitat of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7D4C68F6E3FBEFFD0EFBAD" authorityName="Lehmann & Zahiri & Husemann" authorityYear="2023" box="[427,656,1024,1048]" class="Insecta" family="Metarbelidae" genus="Zambezia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jennyhuntae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7D4C68F6E3FBEFFD0EFBAD" box="[427,656,1024,1048]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Zambezia jennyhuntae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: The nearly evenly aged structure of the tree layer in a drier type of open miombo woodland dominated by
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7D4C68F698FBCBFBB6FB89" authority="(Benth.) Troupin" authorityName="Troupin" baseAuthorityName="Benth." box="[464,1064,1060,1084]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Julbernardia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="globiflora">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7D4C68F698FBCBFD20FB89" box="[464,702,1060,1084]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Julbernardia globiflora</emphasis>
|
||
(Benth.) Troupin (Caesalpiniaceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7D4C68F310FBCBFED5FBD5" authority="Benth." authorityName="Benth." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Brachystegia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="spiciformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7D4C68F310FBCBFACAFB89" box="[1112,1364,1060,1084]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Brachystegia spiciformis</emphasis>
|
||
Benth. (Caesalpiniaceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
close to Marondera (Zimbabwe) is due to anthropogenic activity since 1929. The young stand in the image is the result of protection of the miombo since the late 1960s. Photo by Rhett Butler (Harare), October 2015.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7D4C68F395FB83FB6CFB31" bold="true" box="[1245,1266,1132,1156]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">b.</emphasis>
|
||
Habitat of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7D4C68F22FFB82FE39FB1D" authority=": View" authorityName="View" class="Insecta" family="Metarbelidae" genus="Zambezia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="durrellbarnesi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7D4C68F22FFB82FEF3FB1D" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Zambezia durrellbarnesi:</emphasis>
|
||
View
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the summit of the Bvumba Mountains taken from Castle Beacon (1.911 m) in May 1969 by the late botanist Darrel Plowes (Mutare, Zimbabwe). Beyond the flowering
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7D4C68F439FB5BFB50FB79" authority="Mill." authorityName="Mill." box="[881,1230,1204,1228]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Crassulaceae" genus="Aloe" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="arborescens">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7D4C68F439FB5BFBBFFB79" box="[881,1057,1204,1228]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Aloe arborescens</emphasis>
|
||
Mill. (Aloaceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(right) is the Burma Valley below and on the southeast side, the high hill in the middle distance is Leopard Rock, a so called “granite bornhardt”. Where the high Bvumba ground drops sharply down into the Burma Valley (730–880 m, both part of the post-African surface developing since 30–25 Ma) in the right centre of the picture, the Witchwood Valley forest or Bungu Forest, begins. The forests seen towards the Burma Valley and Leopard Rock are mixed submontane forests with the highest tree species diversity recorded for Zimbabwe (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE4A091CC7D4C68F67CFA87FE26FA35" author="Muller, T." box="[308,440,1384,1408]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" pagination="1 - 31" refId="ref81099" refString="Muller, T. (2006) The distribution, classification and conservation of rainforests in eastern Zimbabwe. Occasional Publications in Biodiversity. Biodiversity Foundation for Africa, Bulawayo, Zimbabwe, No. 19, 1 - 31, 42 maps." type="book chapter" year="2006">Müller 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Within a few kilometers an older erosion surface (possibly African Surface) may be preserved on Castle Beacon (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE4A091CC7D4C68F67EFA63FE2EFA11" author="Lister, L. A." box="[310,432,1420,1444]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" pagination="1 - 163" refId="ref80474" refString="Lister, L. A. (1987) The Erosion Surfaces of Zimbabwe. Zimbabwe Geological Survey Bulletin, Harare, No. 90, 1 - 163." type="book chapter" year="1987">Lister 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Andy Moore pers. com. to I.L. in 2016). The row of hills in the background forms the border with Mozambique and still belongs geomorphologically to the Bvumba Mountains.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36F8EEBCC7D4C68F78FFA19FE77F971" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCADD60CC7D4C68F78FFA19FB23F915" blockId="76.[151,1436,1526,1841]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7D4C68F78FFA19FEFFF9A5" bold="true" box="[199,353,1526,1552]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7D4C68F621FA19FDE7F9A5" authorityName="Lehmann, Zahiri & Husemann" authorityYear="2023" box="[361,633,1526,1552]" class="Insecta" family="Metarbelidae" genus="Zambezia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="darrelplowesi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7D4C68F621FA19FDE7F9A5" box="[361,633,1526,1552]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Zambezia darrelplowesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is known only from Mutare (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE41BBA7CC7D4C68F485FA17FBB7F9A6" box="[973,1065,1528,1555]" degrees="18" direction="south" minutes="59" orientation="latitude" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" precision="925" value="-18.983334">18°59′S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE41BBA7CC7D4C68F37EFA17FB0AF9A6" box="[1078,1172,1528,1555]" degrees="32" direction="east" minutes="40" orientation="longitude" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" precision="925" value="32.666668">32°40′E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
; elevation
|
||
<quantity id="4C8D7085CC7D4C68F258FA19FF2EF981" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.196" metricValueMax="1.341" metricValueMin="1.051" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" unit="m" value="1196.0" valueMax="1341.0" valueMin="1051.0">
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE41BBA7CC7D4C68F258FA19FAD0F9A4" box="[1296,1358,1526,1553]" degrees="1,051" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" precision="55" value="1.051">1,051</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE41BBA7CC7D4C68F207FA19FA02F9A4" box="[1359,1436,1526,1553]" degrees="1,341" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" precision="55" value="-1.341">–1,341</geoCoordinate>
|
||
m
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3629DF0CC7D4C68F78BF9F5FEA0F981" box="[195,318,1562,1588]" name="Zimbabwe" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Zimbabwe</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Mutare (formerly Umtali) is located in the Manica Gap,
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7D4C68F4FFF9F4FC46F981" box="[951,984,1563,1588]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">ca.</emphasis>
|
||
<quantity id="4C8D7085CC7D4C68F496F9F5FBB5F981" box="[990,1067,1562,1589]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" unit="km" value="1.5">1.5 km</quantity>
|
||
northwest of the Bvumba Mountains (elevation
|
||
<quantity id="4C8D7085CC7D4C68F601F9D1FE3DF9EC" box="[329,419,1598,1625]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.911" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" unit="m" value="1911.0">1,911 m</quantity>
|
||
at Castle Beacon), which belongs to the Zambezian regional centre of endemism, while the upland parts of the Bvumba Mountains belong to the Afromontane archipelago-like regional centre of endemism (
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7D4C68F7E9F968FF41F915" box="[161,223,1671,1696]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">sensu</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE4A091CC7D4C68F7ADF969FEF3F915" author="White, F." box="[229,365,1670,1696]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" refId="ref83858" refString="White, F. (1983) The Vegetation of Africa: a Descriptive Memoir to Accompany the Unesco / AETFAT / UNSO Vegetation Map of Africa. Natural Resources Research No. XX. Unesco, Paris, 356 pp." type="book" year="1983">White 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7D4C68F6C8F969FD11F915" authorityName="Lehmann, Zahiri & Husemann" authorityYear="2023" box="[384,655,1670,1696]" class="Insecta" family="Metarbelidae" genus="Zambezia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="darrelplowesi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7D4C68F6C8F969FD11F915" box="[384,655,1670,1696]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Zambezia darrelplowesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is defined an Afromontane near-endemic species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCADD60CC7D4C68F78FF945FE77F971" blockId="76.[151,1436,1526,1841]" box="[199,489,1706,1732]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7D4C68F78FF945FEB4F971" bold="true" box="[199,298,1706,1732]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Habitat.</emphasis>
|
||
See Appendix 1.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36F8EEBCC7D4C6BF78FF921FE7CFB73" lastPageId="79" lastPageNumber="80" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCADD60CC7D4C68F78FF921FB71F885" blockId="76.[151,1436,1526,1841]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7D4C68F78FF921FED0F95D" bold="true" box="[199,334,1742,1768]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7D4C68F61FF921FDF7F95D" authorityName="Lehmann, Zahiri & Husemann" authorityYear="2023" box="[343,617,1742,1768]" class="Insecta" family="Metarbelidae" genus="Zambezia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="darrelplowesi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7D4C68F61FF921FDF7F95D" box="[343,617,1742,1768]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Zambezia darrelplowesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is named in honour of the late Darrel Charles Herbert Plowes. We are grateful to Darrel for sharing his unpublished information about Old Umtali and the present Mutare locations and their habitats, which unfortunately are now largely destroyed. (See Appendix 1 for full etymology).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF0A8DE8CC7F4C6AF7DFFF79FCCEF99E" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" startId="78.[151,250,150,174]">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCADD60CC7F4C6AF7DFFF79FCCEF99E" blockId="78.[151,1437,150,1579]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7F4C6AF7DFFF79FEB4FF1A" bold="true" box="[151,298,150,175]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">FIGURE 24 a</emphasis>
|
||
. Potential habitat of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7F4C6AF6B0FF78FD71FF1A" box="[504,751,151,175]" class="Insecta" family="Cossidae" genus="Metarbelodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="umtaliana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7F4C6AF6B0FF78FD71FF1A" box="[504,751,151,175]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Metarbelodes umtaliana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: drier type of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7F4C6AF433FF78FB9FFF1A" box="[891,1025,151,175]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Brachystegia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7F4C6AF433FF78FB9FFF1A" box="[891,1025,151,175]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Brachystegia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
woodland below 1.500 m southeast from Mutare dominated by
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7F4C6AF630FF54FC94FF66" authority="Benth." authorityName="Benth." box="[376,778,187,211]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Brachystegia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="spiciformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7F4C6AF630FF54FD98FF66" box="[376,518,187,211]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">B. spiciformis</emphasis>
|
||
Benth. (Caesalpiniaceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7F4C6AF473FF54FA07FF66" authority="(Benth.) Troupin" authorityName="Troupin" baseAuthorityName="Benth." box="[827,1433,187,211]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Julbernardia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="globiflora">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7F4C6AF473FF54FBB4FF66" box="[827,1066,187,211]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Julbernardia globiflora</emphasis>
|
||
(Benth.) Troupin (Caesalpiniaceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The FIGURE shows
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7F4C6AF624FF30FD04FF42" authority="(Benth.) Troupin" authorityName="Troupin" baseAuthorityName="Benth." box="[364,666,223,247]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Julbernardia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="globiflora">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7F4C6AF624FF30FE77FF42" box="[364,489,223,247]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">J. globiflora</emphasis>
|
||
(Benth.) Troupin
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
on the right and an area where a dry-season bush fire occurred on the lower slopes of the hill (centre of the picture). Photo by Rhett Butler (Harare), August 2015.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7F4C6AF34EFEECFB8AFEAE" bold="true" box="[1030,1044,259,283]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">b</emphasis>
|
||
. Adjacent to Punda Milias Camp (Nakuru) and Soysambu Conservancy Limited occurs East African evergreen and semi-evergreen bushland and thicket
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7F4C6AF268FEC8FAC6FE8B" box="[1312,1368,295,318]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">sensu</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE4A091CC7F4C6AF216FEC8FF44FED6" author="White, F." pageId="78" pageNumber="79" refId="ref83858" refString="White, F. (1983) The Vegetation of Africa: a Descriptive Memoir to Accompany the Unesco / AETFAT / UNSO Vegetation Map of Africa. Natural Resources Research No. XX. Unesco, Paris, 356 pp." type="book" year="1983">White (1983)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
at
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7F4C6AF7B2FEA4FE87FED7" box="[250,281,331,354]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">ca.</emphasis>
|
||
1.890 m. Shrubs seen are
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7F4C6AF56DFEA4FC67FED6" authority="(Burm. f.) Kurz" authorityName="Kurz" baseAuthorityName="Burm. f." box="[549,1017,331,355]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Scutia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="myrtina">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7F4C6AF56DFEA4FD24FED7" box="[549,698,331,354]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Scutia myrtina</emphasis>
|
||
(Burm. f.) Kurz (Rhamnaceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7F4C6AF362FEA4FB54FED6" box="[1066,1226,331,355]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="Rhus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="natalensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7F4C6AF362FEA4FB54FED6" box="[1066,1226,331,355]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Rhus natalensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with trees of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7F4C6AF21EFEA4FE3AFE32" authority="Benth. Only" authorityName="Benth. Only" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Acacia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="xanthophloea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7F4C6AF21EFEA4FEBFFE32" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Acacia xanthophloea</emphasis>
|
||
Benth. Only
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
one
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7F4C6AF69EFE80FDC2FE32" baseAuthorityName="Lehmann" baseAuthorityYear="2019" box="[470,604,367,391]" class="Insecta" family="Metarbelidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Metarbelidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
species close to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7F4C6AF440FE80FB5CFE32" authority="Lehmann, 2013" authorityName="Lehmann" authorityYear="2013" box="[776,1218,367,391]" class="Insecta" family="Metarbelidae" genus="Mountelgonia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lumbuaensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7F4C6AF440FE80FB82FE32" box="[776,1052,367,391]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Mountelgonia lumbuaensis</emphasis>
|
||
Lehmann, 2013
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was recorded here in March 2016,, indicating a low diversity of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7F4C6AF513FE7CFD7AFE1E" baseAuthorityName="Lehmann" baseAuthorityYear="2019" box="[603,740,403,427]" class="Insecta" family="Metarbelidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Metarbelidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Picture taken by Ingo Lehmann.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7F4C6AF30AFE7CFBCAFE1E" bold="true" box="[1090,1108,403,427]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">c.</emphasis>
|
||
Mount Meru (4.566 m) viewed from the southeast, February, 2015. This young volcano developed during the last 2 Ma and is dominated by dry forest types. The following nomenclature for these forest types follows
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE4A091CC7F4C6AF5A0FE34FCE1FE46" author="Hemp, A." box="[744,895,475,499]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" pagination="305 - 328" refId="ref78105" refString="Hemp, A. (2006 b) Vegetation of Kilimanjaro: hidden endemics and missing bamboo. African Journal of Ecology, 44 (3), 305 - 328. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 2028.2006.00679. x" type="journal article" year="2006">Hemp (2006b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: In the foreground on both sides of the road disturbed is Submontane Croton-Calodendrum forest with scattered trees,
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7F4C6AF479FE10FBDDFDA3" box="[817,1091,511,535]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
|
||
e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7F4C6AF415FE10FBDDFDA3" box="[861,1091,511,535]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" genus="Calodendrum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="capense">Calodendrum capense</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(L.f.) Thunb. (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7F4C6AF3A8FE10FADCFDA2" box="[1248,1346,511,535]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Rutaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7F4C6AF21DFE10FDB5FD8E" authority="Hochst." authorityName="Hochst." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="macrostachys">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7F4C6AF21DFE10FEBFFD8E" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Croton macrostachys</emphasis>
|
||
Hochst. (Euphorbiaceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and small shrubs of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7F4C6AF446FDCCFC59FD8F" box="[782,967,547,571]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="incanum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7F4C6AF446FDCCFC59FD8F" box="[782,967,547,571]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Solanum incanum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
L. (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7F4C6AF4BFFDCCFBF2FD8E" box="[1015,1132,547,571]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Solanaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) (left). Lower montane
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7F4C6AF224FDCCFF71FDEB" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhizophoraceae" genus="Cassipourea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7F4C6AF224FDCCFF71FDEB" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Cassipourea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
forest (at center) dominated by
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7F4C6AF57AFDA8FBF1FDEA" authority="(Baker) Alston" authorityName="Alston" baseAuthorityName="Baker" box="[562,1135,583,607]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhizophoraceae" genus="Cassipourea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="malosana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7F4C6AF57AFDA8FC84FDEA" box="[562,794,583,607]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Cassipourea malosana</emphasis>
|
||
(Baker) Alston (Rhizophoraceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
occurs between 1.600 –2.000 m. Upper montane
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7F4C6AF617FD84FE5DFD37" authorityName="C.Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" box="[351,451,619,642]" class="Pinopsida" family="Cupressaceae" genus="Juniperus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7F4C6AF617FD84FE5DFD37" box="[351,451,619,642]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Juniperus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
forest occurs from 2.000 m to
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7F4C6AF44EFD84FCBBFD37" box="[774,805,619,642]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">ca.</emphasis>
|
||
2.700 m with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7F4C6AF4F5FD84FAEEFD36" authority="Hochst." authorityName="Hochst." box="[957,1392,619,643]" class="Pinopsida" family="Cupressaceae" genus="Juniperus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="procera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7F4C6AF4F5FD84FBE9FD37" box="[957,1143,619,642]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Juniperus procera</emphasis>
|
||
Hochst. (Cupressaceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7F4C6AF7DFFD60FD20FD12" authority="(Thunb.) R. Br." authorityName="R. Br." baseAuthorityName="Thunb." box="[151,702,655,679]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sapotaceae" genus="Podocarpus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="falcatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7F4C6AF7DFFD60FEF6FD12" box="[151,360,655,679]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Podocarpus falcatus</emphasis>
|
||
(Thunb.) R. Br. (Podocarpaceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Photo by Dr. Andreas Hemp (Bayreuth, Germany). Mount Meru (4.566 m) viewed from the southeast in February, 2015. This young volcano developed during the last 2 Ma and is dominated by drier forest types. The following nomenclature for these forest types after
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE4A091CC7F4C6AF41CFD38FC73FD5A" author="Hemp, A." box="[852,1005,727,751]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" pagination="305 - 328" refId="ref78105" refString="Hemp, A. (2006 b) Vegetation of Kilimanjaro: hidden endemics and missing bamboo. African Journal of Ecology, 44 (3), 305 - 328. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 2028.2006.00679. x" type="journal article" year="2006">Hemp (2006b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: In the foreground occurs on both sides of the road disturbed Submontane
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7F4C6AF693FD14FD28FCA6" box="[475,694,763,787]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Croton-Calodendrum</emphasis>
|
||
forest with scattered trees,
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7F4C6AF486FD14FB43FCA7" box="[974,1245,763,787]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
|
||
e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7F4C6AF4B1FD14FB43FCA7" box="[1017,1245,763,787]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" genus="Calodendrum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="capense">Calodendrum capense</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(L.f.) Thunb. (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7F4C6AF23DFD14FF44FC82" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Rutaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7F4C6AF7A4FCF0FD56FC82" authority="Hochst." authorityName="Hochst." box="[236,712,799,823]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="macrostachys">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7F4C6AF7A4FCF0FE5AFC82" box="[236,452,799,823]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Croton macrostachys</emphasis>
|
||
Hochst. (Euphorbiaceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and small shrubs of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7F4C6AF4D6FCF0FBCBFC83" box="[926,1109,799,823]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="incanum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7F4C6AF4D6FCF0FBCBFC83" box="[926,1109,799,823]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Solanum incanum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(left). Between 1.600 –2.000 m occurs Lower montane
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7F4C6AF6CFFCACFD98FCEF" box="[391,518,835,858]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhizophoraceae" genus="Cassipourea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7F4C6AF6CFFCACFD98FCEF" box="[391,518,835,858]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Cassipourea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
forest (centre of the picture) dominated by
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7F4C6AF48BFCACFE94FCCA" authority="(Baker) Alston" authorityName="Alston" baseAuthorityName="Baker" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhizophoraceae" genus="Cassipourea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="malosana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7F4C6AF48BFCACFB32FCEE" box="[963,1196,835,859]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Cassipourea malosana</emphasis>
|
||
(Baker) Alston (Rhizophoraceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Above 2.000 m occurs up to
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7F4C6AF57FFC88FDC8FCCB" box="[567,598,871,894]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">ca.</emphasis>
|
||
2.700 m Upper montane
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7F4C6AF411FC88FC23FCCB" authorityName="C.Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" box="[857,957,871,894]" class="Pinopsida" family="Cupressaceae" genus="Juniperus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7F4C6AF411FC88FC23FCCB" box="[857,957,871,894]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Juniperus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
forest with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7F4C6AF37FFC88FB6EFCCB" box="[1079,1264,871,894]" class="Pinopsida" family="Cupressaceae" genus="Juniperus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="procera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7F4C6AF37FFC88FB6EFCCB" box="[1079,1264,871,894]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Juniperus procera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7F4C6AF26AFC88FDDEFC16" authority="(Thunb.) R. Br." authorityName="R. Br." baseAuthorityName="Thunb." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sapotaceae" genus="Podocarpus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="falcatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7F4C6AF26AFC88FF79FC16" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Podocarpus falcatus</emphasis>
|
||
(Thunb.) R. Br. (Podocarpaceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Picture by Dr. Andreas Hemp (Bayreuth, Germany).
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7F4C6AF321FC64FBE9FC16" bold="true" box="[1129,1143,907,931]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">d</emphasis>
|
||
. Habitat of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7F4C6AF3BCFC64FF59FC73" authorityName="Lehmann, Zahiri & Husemann" authorityYear="2023" class="Insecta" family="Metarbelidae" genus="Lukeniana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bergsteni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7F4C6AF3BCFC64FF59FC73" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Lukeniana bergsteni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
on Mount Kilimanjaro (5.895 m) showing the densely populated but still biologically rich cultural zone on the southern slopes at
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7F4C6AF7BFFC3CFE88FC5F" box="[247,278,979,1002]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">ca.</emphasis>
|
||
1.500 m with typical Chagga home gardens or vihamba in the Chagga language (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE4A091CC7F4C6AF313FC3CFB7AFC5E" author="Hemp, A." box="[1115,1252,979,1003]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" pagination="1193 - 1217" refId="ref78053" refString="Hemp, A. (2006 a) The banana forests of Kilimanjaro: biodiversity and conservation of the Chagga homegardens. Biodiversity and Conservation, 15 (4), 1193 - 1217. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 10531 - 004 - 8230 - 8" type="journal article" year="2006">Hemp 2006a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The large tree at left (light green crown) and in front of the hut is
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7F4C6AF5CCFC18FC0BFBBA" authority="Oliv." authorityName="Oliv." box="[644,917,1015,1039]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Albizia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="schimperiana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7F4C6AF5CCFC18FCC2FBBA" box="[644,860,1015,1039]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Albizia schimperiana</emphasis>
|
||
Oliv.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7F4C6AF4EAFC18FB98FBBA" box="[930,1030,1015,1039]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
: Mimosoideae) with smaller trees of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7F4C6AF790FBF4FE8EFB87" box="[216,272,1051,1074]" class="Liliopsida" family="Musaceae" genus="Musa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zingiberales" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7F4C6AF790FBF4FE8EFB87" box="[216,272,1051,1074]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Musa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
L. (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7F4C6AF671FBF4FE3FFB86" box="[313,417,1051,1075]" class="Liliopsida" family="Musaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zingiberales" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Musaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) forming a short banana forest and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7F4C6AF44FFBF4FB12FB86" authority="Sond." authorityName="Sond." box="[775,1164,1051,1075]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Rauvolfia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="caffra">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7F4C6AF44FFBF4FC33FB86" box="[775,941,1051,1075]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Rauvolfia caffra</emphasis>
|
||
Sond. (Apocynaceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the lower left. Although the cultural zone (below 1.700 m) is densely populated, it maintains a high natural tree cover with almost 50% belonging to indigenous semi-deciduous species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7F4C6AF56FFB8CFD5FFBCF" authority="Durazz" authorityName="Durazz" box="[551,705,1123,1147]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Albizia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7F4C6AF56FFB8CFDF1FBCE" box="[551,623,1123,1147]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Albizia</emphasis>
|
||
Durazz
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7F4C6AF599FB8CFCABFBCE" box="[721,821,1123,1147]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
: Mimosoideae); see the background. Photo by Dr. Andreas Hemp (Bayreuth), November 2010.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7F4C6AF54FFB68FD86FB2A" bold="true" box="[519,536,1159,1183]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">e.</emphasis>
|
||
A rare historical picture of the habitat of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7F4C6AF4F6FB68FB08FB2A" authorityName="Lehmann, Zahiri & Husemann" authorityYear="2023" box="[958,1174,1159,1183]" class="Insecta" family="Metarbelidae" genus="Zambezia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="madambae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7F4C6AF4F6FB68FB08FB2A" box="[958,1174,1159,1183]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Zambezia madambae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
taken near Kasane by the F.A.O. wildlife ecologist Dr. Wolfgang von Richter (Gaborone, Botswana) in August 1967. It shows that once a narrow Riparian forest existed adjacent to the Chobe River dominated by
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7F4C6AF591FB20FB2EFB52" authority="(Willd.) DC." authorityName="DC." baseAuthorityName="Willd." box="[729,1200,1231,1255]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Syzygium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="guineense">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7F4C6AF591FB20FC3BFB53" box="[729,933,1231,1254]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Syzygium guineense</emphasis>
|
||
(Willd.) DC. (Myrtaceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7F4C6AF3F3FB20FE8EFABE" authority="Vahl" authorityName="Vahl" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Meliaceae" genus="Trichilia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="emetica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7F4C6AF3F3FB20FAF9FB53" box="[1211,1383,1231,1255]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Trichilia emetica</emphasis>
|
||
Vahl (Meliaceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7F4C6AF60DFB1CFC82FABE" authority="Hochst." authorityName="Hochst." box="[325,796,1267,1291]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ebenaceae" genus="Diospyros" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mespiliformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7F4C6AF60DFB1CFDA0FABE" box="[325,574,1267,1291]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Diospyros mespiliformis</emphasis>
|
||
Hochst. (Ebenaceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, with a well-developed shrub layer (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE4A091CC7F4C6AF3DFFB1CFA91FABE" author="Child, G." box="[1175,1295,1267,1291]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" refId="ref76479" refString="Child, G. (1968) Report to the Government of Botswana on an Ecological Survey of Northeastern Botswana. Food and Agriculture Organiation, United Nations Development Programme No. TA 2563. Food and Agriculture Organiation, Rome, iv + 155 pp., 14 b / w figs." type="book" year="1968">Child 1968</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE4A091CC7F4C6AF253FB1CFF50FA9A" author="Sommerlatte, M. W. L." pageId="78" pageNumber="79" refId="ref82941" refString="Sommerlatte, M. W. L. (1976) A Survey of Elephant Populations in North-Eastern Botswana. Department of Wildlife, National Parks and Tourism. U. N. D. P. / F. A. O. Project BOT 72 / 020 Wildlife Management and Utilization in Botswana. Project Field Document No. 2. The Government Printer, Gaborone, v + 70 pp., 30 figs." type="book" year="1976">Sommerlatte 1976</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); but the forest completely disappeared after 1998 (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE4A091CC7F4C6AF591FAF8FC29FA9A" author="Mosugelo, D. K. & Moe, S. R. & Ringrose, S. & Nellemann, C." box="[729,951,1303,1327]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" pagination="232 - 240" refId="ref80997" refString="Mosugelo, D. K., Moe, S. R., Ringrose, S. & Nellemann, C. (2002) Vegetation changes during a 36 - year period in northern Chobe National Park, Botswana. African Journal of Ecology, 40 (3), 232 - 240. https: // doi. org / 10.1046 / j. 1365 - 2028.2002.00361. x" type="journal article" year="2002">
|
||
Mosugelo
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7F4C6AF40FFAF8FCE5FA9A" box="[839,891,1303,1327]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2002
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Malte Sommerlatte pers. com. to I.L. in 2016).
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7F4C6AF7DFFAD5FF38FAE7" bold="true" box="[151,166,1338,1362]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">f.</emphasis>
|
||
An historical picture of the habitat of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7F4C6AF564FAD4FC9AFAE6" authorityName="Lehmann, Zahiri & Husemann" authorityYear="2023" box="[556,772,1339,1363]" class="Insecta" family="Metarbelidae" genus="Zambezia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="madambae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7F4C6AF564FAD4FC9AFAE6" box="[556,772,1339,1363]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Zambezia madambae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
taken near Kasane by the F.A.O. wildlife ecologist Dr. Wolfgang von Richter (Gaborone, Botswana) in July 1967. It shows that landwards from the Riparian forest along the Chobe River once occurred dense Riparian woodland with a well-developed shrub layer. It was mainly an
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7F4C6AF368FA6CFB7BFA2E" authority="Association" authorityName="Association" box="[1056,1253,1411,1435]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Acacia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Acacia Association</taxonomicName>
|
||
comprising once,
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7F4C6AF7DFFA48FF22FA0B" box="[151,188,1447,1470]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">e.g.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7F4C6AF78BFA48FE61FA0A" authority="(Forssk.) Hayne" authorityName="Hayne" baseAuthorityName="Forssk." box="[195,511,1447,1471]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Acacia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tortilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7F4C6AF78BFA48FECAFA0A" box="[195,340,1447,1471]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Acacia tortilis</emphasis>
|
||
(Forssk.) Hayne
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7F4C6AF546FA48FDECFA0A" box="[526,626,1447,1471]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
: Mimosoideae) (in the right centre of the picture the tree with an umbrella-like crown) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7F4C6AF647FA24FDABFA56" authority="Rolfe" authorityName="Rolfe" box="[271,565,1483,1507]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Lonchocarpus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="capassa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7F4C6AF647FA24FE66FA57" box="[271,504,1483,1507]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Lonchocarpus capassa</emphasis>
|
||
Rolfe
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7F4C6AF50BFA24FD39FA56" box="[579,679,1483,1507]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7F4C6AF5E7FA24FCA3FA56" box="[687,829,1483,1507]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Papilionaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Papilionaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) (the tree to the left of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7F4C6AF36CFA24FB1DFA56" box="[1060,1155,1483,1507]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Acacia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tortilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7F4C6AF36CFA24FB1DFA56" box="[1060,1155,1483,1507]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">A. tortilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Today, only small patches of degraded
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7F4C6AF65BFA00FE6DF9B2" box="[275,499,1519,1543]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">“Riparian woodland”</emphasis>
|
||
remain due to movements and browsing of the African savanna elephant,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7F4C6AF39DFA00FEF9F99E" authority="(Blumenbach, 1797)" baseAuthorityName="Blumenbach" baseAuthorityYear="1797" class="Mammalia" family="Elephantidae" genus="Loxodonta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Proboscidea" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="africana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7F4C6AF39DFA00FA02F9B2" box="[1237,1436,1519,1543]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Loxodonta africana</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE4A091CC7F4C6AF7D6F9FCFEFEF99E" author="Blumenbach, J. F." box="[158,352,1555,1579]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" pagination="124 - 125" refId="ref75562" refString="Blumenbach, J. F. (1797) Elephas. In: D. Joh. Fr. Blumenbach's Handbuch der Naturgeschichte. Funfte Auflage nebst zwei Kupfertafeln. bey Johann Christian Dieterich, Gottingen, pp. 124 - 125." type="book chapter" year="1797">Blumenbach, 1797</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Malte Sommerlatte pers. com. to I.L. in 2016).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF0A8DE8CC7E4C6BF7DFFD5AFCEBFC58" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7840843" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7840843" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7840843/files/figure.png" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" startId="79.[151,250,693,717]" targetBox="[152,1436,181,669]" targetPageId="79">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCADD60CC7E4C6BF7DFFD5AFCEBFC58" blockId="79.[151,1437,693,1005]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7E4C6BF7DFFD5AFEA8FD78" bold="true" box="[151,310,693,717]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">FIGURE 25 a.</emphasis>
|
||
Habitat of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7E4C6BF6E7FD5AFD34FD78" box="[431,682,693,717]" class="Insecta" family="Metarbelidae" genus="Zambezia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="durrellbarnesi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7E4C6BF6E7FD5AFD34FD78" box="[431,682,693,717]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Zambezia durrellbarnesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: The Witchwood Valley southeast of Leopard Rock (the high hill on the right). The picture shows drier mixed submontane forest dominated by woody leguminous trees such as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7E4C6BF3F8FD36FED8FCA0" authority="(J. F. Gmel.) C. A. Sm." authorityName="C. A. Sm." baseAuthorityName="J. F. Gmel." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Albizia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gummifera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7E4C6BF3F8FD36FAF2FD44" box="[1200,1388,729,753]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Albizia gummifera</emphasis>
|
||
(J.F. Gmel.) C.A. Sm.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7E4C6BF630FD12FD12FCA0" authority="Oliv." authorityName="Oliv." box="[376,652,765,789]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Albizia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="schimperiana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7E4C6BF630FD12FDCCFCA0" box="[376,594,765,789]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Albizia schimperiana</emphasis>
|
||
Oliv.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7E4C6BF5D1FD12FD63FCA0" box="[665,765,765,789]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
: Mimosoideae) (the light grey trees with rather flat crowns in the centre of the foreground). The row of hills in the background are part of the Bvumba Mountains and are located south of Mutare. The picture was taken in April 2006 by Jürgen Lenz (Harare).
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7E4C6BF44EFCAAFC84FCE8" bold="true" box="[774,794,837,861]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">b.</emphasis>
|
||
Habitat of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7E4C6BF4C3FCAAFBE1FCE8" authorityName="Lehmann, Zahiri & Husemann" authorityYear="2023" box="[907,1151,837,861]" class="Insecta" family="Metarbelidae" genus="Zambezia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="darrelplowesi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7E4C6BF4C3FCAAFBE1FCE8" box="[907,1151,837,861]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Zambezia darrelplowesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: A patch of vegetation older than 40 years at the Kopje House in Mutare still occurs on the steeper rocky area (schist) with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7E4C6BF31BFC86FE3CFC10" authority="(Benth.) Troupin" authorityName="Troupin" baseAuthorityName="Benth." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Julbernardia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="globiflora">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7E4C6BF31BFC86FADCFC34" box="[1107,1346,873,897]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Julbernardia globiflora</emphasis>
|
||
(Benth.) Troupin (Caesalpiniaceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the foreground (right) and a large
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7E4C6BF45EFC61FC5FFC10" box="[790,961,910,933]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" genus="Ficus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sycomorus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7E4C6BF45EFC61FC5FFC10" box="[790,961,910,933]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Ficus sycomorus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
L. (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7E4C6BF4A1FC62FBCEFC10" box="[1001,1104,909,933]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Moraceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) mixed with smaller
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7E4C6BF26EFC62FE29FC7C" authority="R. Br." authorityName="R. Br." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Combretaceae" genus="Combretum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="molle">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7E4C6BF26EFC62FF51FC7C" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Combretum molle</emphasis>
|
||
R.Br. (Combretaceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7E4C6BF689FC5EFCF4FC7C" authority="Willd." authorityName="Willd." box="[449,874,945,969]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Ziziphus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mucronata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7E4C6BF689FC5EFD15FC7C" box="[449,651,945,969]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Ziziphus mucronata</emphasis>
|
||
Willd. (Rhamnaceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7E4C6BF4D3FC5DFBCCFC7C" box="[923,1106,945,969]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Carissa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bispinosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7E4C6BF4D3FC5DFBCCFC7C" box="[923,1106,945,969]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Carissa bispinosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(L.) Desf. (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7E4C6BF382FC5EFAC8FC7C" box="[1226,1366,945,969]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Apocynaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) in the background. Photo by the late Darrel Plowes (Mutare), November 2015.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCADD60CC7E4C6BF7DFFBD0FC9DFBEF" blockId="79.[151,771,1087,1114]" box="[151,771,1087,1114]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7E4C6BF7DFFBD0FC9DFBEF" bold="true" box="[151,771,1087,1114]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
|
||
Taxonomic checklist of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7E4C6BF6F4FBD0FDC1FBEF" authorityName="Strand" authorityYear="1909" box="[444,607,1087,1114]" class="Insecta" family="Cossidae" genus="Metarbelodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7E4C6BF6F4FBD0FDC1FBEF" bold="true" box="[444,607,1087,1114]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Metarbelodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
genus-group
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCADD60CC7E4C6BF7DFFB68FDBBFB14" blockId="79.[151,549,1159,1222]" box="[151,549,1159,1186]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7E4C6BF7DFFB68FDBBFB14" bold="true" box="[151,549,1159,1186]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
|
||
Genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7E4C6BF7A2FB68FDBBFB14" authority="Strand, 1909" authorityName="Strand" authorityYear="1909" box="[234,549,1159,1186]" class="Insecta" family="Cossidae" genus="Metarbelodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7E4C6BF7A2FB68FE18FB17" bold="true" box="[234,390,1159,1186]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Metarbelodes</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE4A091CC7E4C6BF6C5FB68FDBBFB14" author="Strand, E." box="[397,549,1159,1185]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" pagination="118 - 121" refId="ref83019" refString="Strand, E. (1909) Fam. Metarbelidae (Hollandiidae). In: Lepidoptera aus Deutsch-Ostafrika gesammelt von Herrn Oberleutnant Wintgens. Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift " Iris ", 22, 118 - 121." type="journal article" year="1909">Strand, 1909</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCADD60CC7E4C6BF7DFFB44FE7CFB73" blockId="79.[151,549,1159,1222]" box="[151,482,1195,1222]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C75A6E3CC7E4C6BF7DFFB44FE7CFB73" authority="(Aurivillius, 1901)" baseAuthorityName="Aurivillius" baseAuthorityYear="1901" box="[151,482,1195,1222]" class="Insecta" family="Cossidae" genus="Metarbelodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="umtaliana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9010172CC7E4C6BF7DFFB44FE97FB70" box="[151,265,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">umtaliana</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE4A091CC7E4C6BF65FFB44FE47FB73" author="Aurivillius, C." box="[279,473,1195,1222]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" pagination="126 - 128" refId="ref75057" refString="Aurivillius, C. (1901) Diagnosen neuer Lepidopteren aus Afrika. Fam. Hollandiidae. Entomologisk Tidskrift, 22 (2), 126 - 128." type="journal article" year="1901">Aurivillius, 1901</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |