187 lines
18 KiB
XML
187 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.344.5609" ID-PMC="PMC3817436" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-344-55" ID-Pensoft-UUID="FFC5FFCDAE00FFC0FFF81606FFA1DB6E" ID-PubMed="24194660" ID-Zenodo-Dep="577844" ID-ZooBank="4D6C8009B32C4FAE8DA9E21AD5FEB9D8" ModsDocID="1313-2970-344-55" checkinTime="1451246772156" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Solis, M. Alma, Cashatt, Everett D. & Scholtens, Brian G." docDate="2013" docId="D83454D1A4B4064CDD230ABF3205CF98" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 344: 55-71" docOrigin="ZooKeys 344" docPubDate="2013-10-22" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.344.5609" docTitle="Paragalasa Solis & Cashatt & Scholtens 2013, gen. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="E96A1722-5429-4294-9CCC-8A2727C56859" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="6" id="FFC5FFCDAE00FFC0FFF81606FFA1DB6E" lastPageNumber="63" masterDocId="FFC5FFCDAE00FFC0FFF81606FFA1DB6E" masterDocTitle="New North American Chrysauginae (Pyralidae) described by E. D. Cashatt" masterLastPageNumber="71" masterPageNumber="55" pageNumber="62" updateTime="1668156672667" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>New North American Chrysauginae (Pyralidae) described by E. D. Cashatt</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Solis, M. Alma</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>MAS, Systematic Entomology Laboratory, USDA, National Museum of Natural History, P. O. Box 37012, MRC 168, Washington, DC USA 20013 - 7012</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Cashatt, Everett D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>EDC, Everett D. Cashatt, Illinois State Museum, 1011 E. Ash Street, Springfield, IL 62703, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Scholtens, Brian G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>BGS, Brian G. Scholtens, Biology Department, College of Charleston, Charleston, SC, USA 29424</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2013</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2013-10-22</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>344</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>55</mods:start>
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<mods:end>71</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.344.5609</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.344.5609</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-344-55</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">4D6C8009B32C4FAE8DA9E21AD5FEB9D8</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">FFC5FFCDAE00FFC0FFF81606FFA1DB6E</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">577844</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152048953" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:E96A1722-5429-4294-9CCC-8A2727C56859" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D83454D1A4B4064CDD230ABF3205CF98" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="63" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">
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<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="62" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="62">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/E96A1722-5429-4294-9CCC-8A2727C56859" authority="Cashatt" authorityName="Solis & Cashatt & Scholtens" authorityYear="2013" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Paragalasa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paragalasa" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. n.">Paragalasa Cashatt</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="7" pageNumber="62">gen. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 1–4" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 4. Male holotypes of adults and labels. 1 Arta brevivalvalis 2 Heliades lindae 3 Paragalasa exospinalis 4 Penthesilea sacculalis baboquivariensis." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/24044" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">Figs 3</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 11–16" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 11 - 16. Male, female genitalia. 11 Paragalasa exospinalis holotype male, USA, Arizona, Cochise Co., Paradise, June 8 - 15 [no year given], EDC 395, USNM 107207 12 phallus, data same as previous 13 paratype female, USA, Arizona, Redington, [no collection date on label], EDC 398, USNM 107089 14 Penthesilea sacculalis baboquivariensis holotype male, USA, Arizona, Pima Co., Baboquivari Mts., 15 - 30 Aug 1923, O. C. Poling, Coll., Barnes Collection, EDC 489, USNM 107019 15 phallus, data same as previous 16 allotype female, USA, Arizona, Pima Co., Baboquivari Mts., [days crossed out] Aug 1924, O. C. Poling, Coll., Barnes Collection, EDC 138, USNM 100018." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/24046" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">, 11-13</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="62" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="62">
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<taxonomicName authority="Solis & Cashatt & Scholtens, 2013" authorityName="Solis & Cashatt & Scholtens" authorityYear="2013" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Paragalasa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. n.">Paragalasa</taxonomicName>
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Cashatt, 1968,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">nomen nudum</emphasis>
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,
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<bibRefCitation author="Solis, MA" editor="Heppner, JB" journalOrPublisher="Association of Tropical Lepidoptera, Gainesville, Florida" pageId="13" pageNumber="68" pagination="80 - 105" refId="B16" refString="Solis, MA, Becker, VO, Munroe, EG, 1995. Chrysauginae. In: Heppner, JB, Ed., Checklist: Atlas of Neotropical Lepidoptera. Association of Tropical Lepidoptera, Gainesville, Florida: 80 - 105" title="Chrysauginae." volumeTitle="Checklist: Atlas of Neotropical Lepidoptera." year="1995">Solis et al. 1995</bibRefCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="62" type="type species">
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="62">Type species.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="62">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Solis & Cashatt & Scholtens" authorityYear="2013" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Paragalasa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="exospinalis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">Paragalasa exospinalis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, Cashatt, new species.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="63" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="62">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="62">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">Head.</emphasis>
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Labial palpus porrect, length approximately equal to head width; maxillary palpus vestigial, two segmented, pilifers moderately developed; proboscis well developed; frons rounded with a tuft produced obliquely; vertex and occiput roughly scaled; ocellus immediately posteriad to base of antenna; chaetosema a row of fine setae along ocular sutura posteriad to ocellus.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="63" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">Thorax.</emphasis>
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Forewing long and narrow, costa slightly incurved near middle, apex sub-lanceolate, outer margin rounded; sexually dimorphic: male with a small glandular vesicle at base of costa, discal cell shorter than in female, R1 not reaching costa, posterior angle obtuse; female without a glandular vesicle, R1 intercepting the costa, posterior angle of discal cell acute; both sexes with Sc long, R1 arising from just before end of discal cell; R2 stalked short with R3, R4, and R5, stem arising from anterior angle of discal cell; R3 stalked with R4 and R5; R4 and R5 coincident; M1 separate, arising from anterior angle of discal cell; male with M2 separate, M3 end Cu1 stalked short; Cu2 separate, arising
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<pageBreakToken pageId="8" pageNumber="63" start="start">from</pageBreakToken>
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posterior angle of discal cell; female M2 and M3 stalked short, Cu1 and Cu2 widely separated; 2A and 3A separate at base, anastomosed briefly a short distance from base; retinaculum normally developed. Hind wing frenulum normal; Sc and Rs anastomosed beyond end of discal cell; M1 separate from anterior angle of discal cell; M2 and M3 short stalked from posterior angle of discal cell; posterior angle of discal cell extremely long and slender; Cu1 and Cu2 widely separated. Legs long, midtibia with two scale tufts.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="63">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="63">Abdomen.</emphasis>
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Long and slender, without scale tufts.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="63">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="63">Mala genitalia.</emphasis>
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Uncus moderately broad with apex rounded, slender arms from base modified to articulate with gnathos; tegumen narrow dorsad; pedunculus strongly modified for articulation with gnathal arms; vinculum moderately broad with saccus slightly produced; gnathos slender and aculeate, apex hooked dorsad; valva with sacculus distinct from valva, ventral margin of sacculus rounded; transtilla weak and incomplete; juxta with dorsal margin V-shaped; phallus small, coecum long, apex with microspines, cornutus with spines short and spur-shaped.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="63">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="63">Female genitalia.</emphasis>
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Ovipositor moderately long; papillae anales apex unilobate; anterior apophysis slightly longer than posterior apophysis; lamella postvaginalis triangulate; ostium bursae membranous, antrum lightly sclerotized, inception of ductus seminalis just below antrum; ductus bursae extremely long; corpus bursae small and without a signum.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="63" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="63">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="63">
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The venation and genitalia indicate a close relationship between this genus and
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Barnes & McDunnough" authorityYear="1913" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Negalasa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="63">Negalasa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. The male
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Solis & Cashatt & Scholtens" authorityYear="2013" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Paragalasa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="63">Paragalasa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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has a small glandular vesicle at the base of the costa on the forewing, but is without a costal spur. The costa is straight.
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Barnes & McDunnough" authorityYear="1913" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Negalasa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="63">Negalasa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1866" class="Hexapoda" family="Pyralidae" genus="Galasa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="63">Galasa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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have a larger glandular vesicle, an incurved costal margin and a costal spur at the end of Sc. The uncus of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Barnes & McDunnough" authorityYear="1913" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Negalasa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="63">Negalasa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is more narrow and pointed, the tip of the valva is directed acutely mediad, and the phallus has a broadly rounded coecum and cornutus with long spines. The male genitalia of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Solis & Cashatt & Scholtens" authorityYear="2013" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Paragalasa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="63">Paragalasa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is similar to
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1866" class="Hexapoda" family="Pyralidae" genus="Galasa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="63">Galasa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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except the dorsal margin is V-shaped, there is no process on the sacculus, and the phallus is smaller with a long cylindrical coecum and a small cornutus. The female
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Solis & Cashatt & Scholtens" authorityYear="2013" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Paragalasa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="63">Paragalasa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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has the inception of the ductus seminalis just below the antrum. The ductus bursae is extremely long with a small corpus bursae.
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Barnes & McDunnough" authorityYear="1913" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Negalasa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="63">Negalasa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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has the inception of the ductus seminalis more sclerotized, nearly two-thirds length from ostium bursae, and a large corpus bursae. The female venation of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Solis & Cashatt & Scholtens" authorityYear="2013" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Paragalasa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="63">Paragalasa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Barnes & McDunnough" authorityYear="1913" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Negalasa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="63">Negalasa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is identical. The male forewing of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Barnes & McDunnough" authorityYear="1913" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Negalasa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="63">Negalasa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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shows more specialized structures.
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</paragraph>
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<caption httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/24046" pageId="8" pageNumber="63" start="Figures 11–16" startId="F3">
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="63">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="63">Figures 11-16.</emphasis>
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Male, female genitalia.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="63">11</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Solis & Cashatt & Scholtens" authorityYear="2013" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Paragalasa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="exospinalis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="63">Paragalasa exospinalis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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holotype male, USA, Arizona, Cochise Co., Paradise, June 8-15 [no year given], EDC 395, USNM 107207
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="63">12</emphasis>
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phallus, data same as previous
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="63">13</emphasis>
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paratype female, USA, Arizona, Redington, [no collection date on label], EDC 398, USNM 107089
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="63">14</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Cashatt" authorityYear="2013" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Penthesilea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="sacculalis" subSpecies="baboquivariensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="63">Penthesilea sacculalis baboquivariensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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holotype male, USA, Arizona, Pima Co., Baboquivari Mts., 15-30 Aug 1923, O.C. Poling, Coll., Barnes Collection, EDC 489, USNM 107019
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="63">15</emphasis>
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phallus, data same as previous
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="63">16</emphasis>
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allotype female, USA, Arizona, Pima Co., Baboquivari Mts., [days crossed out] Aug 1924, O.C. Poling, Coll., Barnes Collection, EDC 138, USNM 100018.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |