399 lines
47 KiB
XML
399 lines
47 KiB
XML
<document id="CED373D98031CB605CED5470240C3658" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.5182118" ID-ISSN="1942-1354" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5182118" ID-ZooBank="1DEC04DB-99DB-466B-838B-2C337251632E" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1628298570039" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Otto, Robert L." docDate="2015" docId="594DB57AEE67BA7657F2845EFBBEFA06" docLanguage="en" docName="InsectaMundi.0421.1-46.pdf" docOrigin="Insecta Mundi 2015 (421)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6D85C66E4B52897F25DA165649BC06DC.3:InsectaMundi.2009-2020.journal_article" docStyleId="6D85C66E4B52897F25DA165649BC06DC" docStyleName="InsectaMundi.2009-2020.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Microrhagus subsinuatus LeConte 1852" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="8" masterDocId="A574CD02EE6FBA7F5732861FFF80FFBF" masterDocTitle="Eucnemid larvae of the Nearctic region. Part V: Fifth instar larval descriptions for eight species of Microrhagus Dejean, 1833 (Coleoptera: Eucnemidae: Melasinae: Dirhagini), with descriptions of four new species and notes on their biology" masterLastPageNumber="46" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="7" updateTime="1699041574091" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-3.0">
|
||
<mods:mods id="EFEDE1ADE75CCE0BC03108DF6191823F" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="F50A96F963C77B2319480AD480E92F27">
|
||
<mods:title id="4E356A0911FECA98264760C80B717B3B">Eucnemid larvae of the Nearctic region. Part V: Fifth instar larval descriptions for eight species of Microrhagus Dejean, 1833 (Coleoptera: Eucnemidae: Melasinae: Dirhagini), with descriptions of four new species and notes on their biology</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="3FFB1A0C24F5AC644DD831498CAD1858" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="D187305970E461C6C07F2D23BF0188AF">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="D88421A4441C60F113C47FD1F03E5A65">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="5FE2A865FAEA93441AFA519A82D1C15E">Otto, Robert L.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="7DB477EE84D9EE66CC8430F68D6702A4">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="2BC615FCC2FD60CA35BF0B1F20716125" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="DD9ADEB7401ACA79DB07B5FCA5D1BFAA">
|
||
<mods:title id="5DF7F56E44B8432A64756FAE2493F847">Insecta Mundi</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="F5392A92B2913F072345227EEF8FFDB4">
|
||
<mods:date id="F8F7ADA263E03B9DCF10ADFA6B403733">2015</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="ACC7B82504777EE4D543F068243E2C10" type="pubDate">
|
||
<mods:number id="CB313CD67BB21A56B874CDFC65217FD0">2015-06-05</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="25090C9C07A1D4784892FD5AD7B97492" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="84D7D1011B02D361F007F36682E0A553">2015</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="6AF3B237E8EBE313ED3EE26AA35E6E01" type="issue">
|
||
<mods:number id="467D7CD94A31FAB7133C62FC73958392">421</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="8672A20751F7340F972D0750F2F09292" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="3D5B7A7E77F3C0A88411CBCA235156DC">1</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="1975CBCAB84188B1A8FC11F4FFFE8365">46</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:classification id="224CACC669F0077639829548A6B3FD5B">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="041C8CE8D685A9D3E349935BC8EF6200" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.5182118</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="B07C502FCE326B44CEE7335B809B8AF1" type="ISSN">1942-1354</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="C32627988D79AE49DD6E12FE1097C8D6" type="Zenodo-Dep">5182118</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="68D20C784A6C55437757C13DEEE5D8A0" type="ZooBank">1DEC04DB-99DB-466B-838B-2C337251632E</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="594DB57AEE67BA7657F2845EFBBEFA06" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5191266" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5191266" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:594DB57AEE67BA7657F2845EFBBEFA06" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/594DB57AEE67BA7657F2845EFBBEFA06" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<subSubSection id="99FE57E7EE67BA7757F2845EFEE0FD26" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="D15B046CEE67BA7757F2845EFD67FDE6" blockId="8.[192,743,577,602]" box="[192,743,577,602]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<heading id="8A13B300EE67BA7757F2845EFD67FDE6" bold="true" box="[192,743,577,602]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" reason="3">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="16E47FEFEE67BA7757F2845EFD67FDE6" authority="LeConte, 1852" authorityName="LeConte" authorityYear="1852" box="[192,743,577,602]" class="Insecta" family="Eucnemidae" genus="Microrhagus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subsinuatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="E390D87EEE67BA7757F2845EFD67FDE6" bold="true" box="[192,743,577,602]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="E390D87EEE67BA7757F2845EFD9FFDE5" bold="true" box="[192,543,577,602]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Microrhagus subsinuatus</emphasis>
|
||
LeConte, 1852
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D15B046CEE67BA7757F2849EFEE0FD26" blockId="8.[192,352,641,698]" box="[192,352,641,665]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<heading id="8A13B300EE67BA7757F2849EFEE0FD26" bold="true" box="[192,352,641,665]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="E390D87EEE67BA7757F2849EFEE0FD26" bold="true" box="[192,352,641,665]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Fifth instar</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="99FE57E7EE67BA7757F284BDFED3FD05" box="[192,339,674,698]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="D15B046CEE67BA7757F284BDFED3FD05" blockId="8.[192,352,641,698]" box="[192,339,674,698]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="49DF18E9EE67BA7757FB84BDFECCFD05" box="[201,332,674,698]" captionStart="Figures 20–24" captionStartId="32.[192,288,1846,1868]" captionTargetBox="[220,1424,308,1824]" captionTargetId="figure-54@32.[208,1424,302,1830]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="Figures 20–24. Microrhagus subsinuatus, fifth instar. 20) Dorsal habitus. 21) Head, dorsal view. 22) Head and thoracic region, dorsal view. 23) Head and thoracic region, ventral view. 24) Abdominal segments VII-IX, ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5182129" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5182129/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Fig. 20–24</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="99FE57E7EE67BA7757F284FEFBF7FC65" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="D15B046CEE67BA7757F284FEFDF3FCA6" blockId="8.[192,1441,737,794]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="E390D87EEE67BA7757F284FEFECFFD46" bold="true" box="[192,335,737,761]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
Smaller, triangular prothoracic scleromes and larger microtrichial patches will distinguish
|
||
<taxonomicName id="16E47FEFEE67BA7757F2851DFEFDFCA5" authorityName="LeConte" authorityYear="1852" box="[192,381,770,794]" class="Insecta" family="Eucnemidae" genus="Microrhagus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subsinuatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="E390D87EEE67BA7757F2851DFEFDFCA5" box="[192,381,770,794]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">M. subsinuatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="16E47FEFEE67BA7756F4851DFDECFCA6" authorityName="LeConte" authorityYear="1866" box="[454,620,770,793]" class="Insecta" family="Eucnemidae" genus="Microrhagus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pectinatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="E390D87EEE67BA7756F4851DFDECFCA6" box="[454,620,770,793]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">M. pectinatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D15B046CEE67BA7757F2855EFBF7FC65" blockId="8.[192,1440,833,986]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="E390D87EEE67BA7757F2855EFE76FCE6" bold="true" box="[192,502,833,857]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Specimens Examined.</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="618C0E31EE67BA775530855DFA1CFCC5" collectingDate="2011-04-13" collectorName="Oconto County, N & Robert L. Otto" country="United States of America" county="Oconto County" latitude="44.964115" location="Bayshore County" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-87.784035" municipality="Six" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-larva="2" stateProvince="Wisconsin">
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="313F9E16EE67BA775530855DFDAAFCE5" box="[514,554,834,858]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Six</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
larvae collected at
|
||
<emphasis id="E390D87EEE67BA775418855EFCEEFCE6" bold="true" box="[810,878,833,857]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="A9F344FCEE67BA775418855EFCE9FCE6" box="[810,873,833,857]" name="United States of America" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1320CA8EEE67BA775448855DFBA4FCE5" box="[890,1060,834,858]" country="United States of America" name="Wisconsin" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">WISCONSIN</collectingRegion>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectorName id="7C1161BAEE67BA775301855DFA9CFCE6" box="[1075,1308,834,858]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<collectingCounty id="383A7CE0EE67BA775301855DFB73FCE5" box="[1075,1267,834,858]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Oconto County</collectingCounty>
|
||
, N
|
||
</collectorName>
|
||
.
|
||
<location id="D43B52B7EE67BA775219855DFE9AFCC5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:594DB57AEE67BA7657F2845EFBBEFA06:D43B52B7EE67BA775219855DFE9AFCC5" country="United States of America" county="Oconto County" latitude="44.964115" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-87.784035" municipality="Six" name="Bayshore County" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" stateProvince="Wisconsin">
|
||
Bayshore
|
||
<location id="D43B52B7EE67BA7757F2857DFE9AFCC5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:594DB57AEE67BA7657F2845EFBBEFA06:D43B52B7EE67BA7757F2857DFE9AFCC5" box="[192,282,866,890]" country="United States of America" county="Oconto County" latitude="44.964115" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-87.784035" municipality="Six" name="County Park" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" stateProvince="Wisconsin">County</location>
|
||
</location>
|
||
Park,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="B4D062ABEE67BA77565F857DFD8DFCC6" box="[365,525,865,890]" degrees="44" direction="north" minutes="57.847" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" precision="1" value="44.964115">N44° 57.847’</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="B4D062ABEE67BA775528857DFD47FCC5" box="[538,711,866,890]" degrees="87" direction="west" minutes="47.042" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" precision="1" value="-87.784035">W-87° 47.042’</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="A55A22ACEE67BA7755E1857DFCFEFCC5" box="[723,894,866,890]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" value="2011-04-13">
|
||
<collectingDate id="B51EDB44EE67BA7755E1857DFCFEFCC5" box="[723,894,866,890]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" value="2011-04-13">13 April 2011</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="7C1161BAEE67BA7754B9857DFBC1FCC5" box="[907,1089,866,890]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Robert L. Otto</collectorName>
|
||
, in rotten elm log (
|
||
<specimenCount id="C7E2CFE5EE67BA775219857DFA12FCC5" box="[1323,1426,866,890]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" type="larva">2 larvae</specimenCount>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="618C0E31EE67BA7757F2859DFEE4FC05" collectingDate="2012-09-16" collectorName="Robert L. Otto" country="United States of America" county="Dane County" location="Mazomanie" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-larva="3" stateProvince="Wisconsin">
|
||
<collectingCounty id="383A7CE0EE67BA7757F2859DFEE6FC25" box="[192,358,898,922]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Dane County</collectingCounty>
|
||
, LWRSWA–
|
||
<location id="D43B52B7EE67BA775531859DFD0CFC25" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:594DB57AEE67BA7657F2845EFBBEFA06:D43B52B7EE67BA775531859DFD0CFC25" box="[515,652,898,922]" country="United States of America" county="Dane County" name="Mazomanie" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" stateProvince="Wisconsin">Mazomanie</location>
|
||
unit,
|
||
<date id="A55A22ACEE67BA7755E4859EFC45FC25" box="[726,965,897,922]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" value="2012-09-16">
|
||
<collectingDate id="B51EDB44EE67BA7755E4859EFC45FC25" box="[726,965,897,922]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" value="2012-09-16">16 September 2012</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="7C1161BAEE67BA7754E3859DFB06FC25" box="[977,1158,898,922]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Robert L. Otto</collectorName>
|
||
, in rotten
|
||
<taxonomicName id="16E47FEFEE67BA775237859DFA20FC26" box="[1285,1440,898,922]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Betula" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nigra">
|
||
<emphasis id="E390D87EEE67BA775237859DFA20FC26" box="[1285,1440,898,922]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Betula nigra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
log (
|
||
<specimenCount id="C7E2CFE5EE67BA7757C785BDFEDBFC05" box="[245,347,930,954]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" type="larva">3 larvae</specimenCount>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="618C0E31EE67BA77564285BDFBF4FC65" collectingDate="2013-09-22" collectionCode="GERP, WIRC" collectorName="Robert L. Otto & Larvae" country="United States of America" county="Dane County" latitude="43.02845" location="McDaniel Park" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-89.31065" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-larva="1" stateProvince="Wisconsin">
|
||
<collectingCounty id="383A7CE0EE67BA77564285BDFD96FC05" box="[368,534,930,954]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Dane County</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="D43B52B7EE67BA77551085BDFD60FC05" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:594DB57AEE67BA7657F2845EFBBEFA06:D43B52B7EE67BA77551085BDFD60FC05" box="[546,736,930,954]" country="United States of America" county="Dane County" latitude="43.02845" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-89.31065" name="McDaniel Park" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" stateProvince="Wisconsin">McDaniel Park</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="B4D062ABEE67BA7755DE85BDFC0BFC05" box="[748,907,930,954]" degrees="43" direction="north" minutes="01.707" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" precision="1" value="43.02845">N43° 01.707’</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="B4D062ABEE67BA7754AA85BDFBC5FC06" box="[920,1093,929,954]" degrees="89" direction="west" minutes="18.639" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" precision="1" value="-89.31065">W-89° 18.639’</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="A55A22ACEE67BA77536385BDFAC1FC05" box="[1105,1345,930,954]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" value="2013-09-22">
|
||
<collectingDate id="B51EDB44EE67BA77536385BDFAC1FC05" box="[1105,1345,930,954]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" value="2013-09-22">22 September 2013</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="7C1161BAEE67BA77527F85BDFE9BFC65" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Robert L. Otto</collectorName>
|
||
, in rotten oak log (
|
||
<specimenCount id="C7E2CFE5EE67BA77553185DDFDDBFC65" box="[515,603,962,986]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" type="larva">1 larva</specimenCount>
|
||
).
|
||
<collectorName id="7C1161BAEE67BA77555D85DDFD46FC66" box="[623,710,962,985]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Larvae</collectorName>
|
||
are deposited in
|
||
<collectionCode id="B7F59CA9EE67BA7754A885DDFC67FC65" box="[922,999,962,986]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">GERP</collectionCode>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectionCode id="B7F59CA9EE67BA77531685DDFBF4FC65" box="[1060,1140,962,986]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">WIRC</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="99FE57E7EE67BA7657F2821EFC02FF45" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="D15B046CEE67BA7757F2821EFB9BFBC5" blockId="8.[192,1441,1025,1914]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="E390D87EEE67BA7757F2821EFEEAFBA6" bold="true" box="[192,362,1025,1049]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
Length, 11.5–12.0 mm. Width, 1.0 mm. Orthosomatic, elateriform. Body cylindrical, sides parallel, cream-yellow with head, prothoracic sclerome patches and caudal end of abdominal segment IX dark brown. Setae either indistinct or absent. Legs absent. Dorsal and ventral microtrichial patches slightly darker in color compared to their surrounding areas (
|
||
<figureCitation id="49DF18E9EE67BA775484827DFB8EFBC5" box="[950,1038,1122,1146]" captionStart="Figures 20–24" captionStartId="32.[192,288,1846,1868]" captionTargetBox="[220,1424,308,1824]" captionTargetId="figure-54@32.[208,1424,302,1830]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="Figures 20–24. Microrhagus subsinuatus, fifth instar. 20) Dorsal habitus. 21) Head, dorsal view. 22) Head and thoracic region, dorsal view. 23) Head and thoracic region, ventral view. 24) Abdominal segments VII-IX, ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5182129" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5182129/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D15B046CEE67BA7757C2829DFB09FA05" blockId="8.[192,1441,1025,1914]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="E390D87EEE67BA7757C2829DFEB9FB25" bold="true" box="[240,313,1154,1178]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Head</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="49DF18E9EE67BA77567B829DFE1FFB25" box="[329,415,1154,1178]" captionStart="Figures 20–24" captionStartId="32.[192,288,1846,1868]" captionTargetBox="[220,1424,308,1824]" captionTargetId="figure-54@32.[208,1424,302,1830]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="Figures 20–24. Microrhagus subsinuatus, fifth instar. 20) Dorsal habitus. 21) Head, dorsal view. 22) Head and thoracic region, dorsal view. 23) Head and thoracic region, ventral view. 24) Abdominal segments VII-IX, ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5182129" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5182129/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Fig. 21</figureCitation>
|
||
): Strongly flattened, prognathous and inserted into prothorax. Dorsal cephalic disc sub-circular with a median carina. Venter simple, without any furrows. Ventral lateral sides of head capsule unsclerotized. Anterior portion of head capsule heavily sclerotized. Each lateral side of head capsule consists of five projections. Basal lateral projections enlarged. Second lateral projection blunt, directed anterolaterally. Lateral side of second projections weakly sinuate out and then back towards the tip. Third through fifth lateral projections directed anterolaterally. Antennae minute, arising between the fourth and fifth lateral projections. Scape not visible. Pedicel elongate. Sensorum and flagellum sub-equal in length. Mandibles minute, resting in the mesal acumination of the head capsule. Each mandible heavily sclerotized, oval with two outwardly projecting teeth. Labial and maxillary palpi indistinct. Ligula, mala, lacinia and galea not visible. Hypostomal rods absent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D15B046CEE67BA7757C283DDFD15F925" blockId="8.[192,1441,1025,1914]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="E390D87EEE67BA7757C283DDFEFFFA65" bold="true" box="[240,383,1474,1498]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Prothorax</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="49DF18E9EE67BA7756A183DDFD98FA65" box="[403,536,1474,1498]" captionStart="Figures 20–24" captionStartId="32.[192,288,1846,1868]" captionTargetBox="[220,1424,308,1824]" captionTargetId="figure-54@32.[208,1424,302,1830]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="Figures 20–24. Microrhagus subsinuatus, fifth instar. 20) Dorsal habitus. 21) Head, dorsal view. 22) Head and thoracic region, dorsal view. 23) Head and thoracic region, ventral view. 24) Abdominal segments VII-IX, ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5182129" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5182129/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Fig. 22–23</figureCitation>
|
||
): Sub-equal to subsequent two thoracic segments. Tergum with pair of sub-triangular-shaped scleromes extending from base up three-fourths the length of the segment then diverge towards lateral sides and arches to point of origin. Rectangular-shaped microtrichial patch present between scleromes. Sternum with pair of triangular-shaped scleromes extending from base up three-fourths length of segment then diverge towards lateral sides and converge above point of origin, leaving a short tail at the caudal end of sclerome. Barrel-shaped microtrichial patch present between scleromes. Both surfaces with areoles.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D15B046CEE67BA7757C280BDFBC0F945" blockId="8.[192,1441,1025,1914]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="E390D87EEE67BA7757C280BDFDA3F905" bold="true" box="[240,547,1698,1722]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Meso- and metathorax:</emphasis>
|
||
Terga with oval microtrichial patch. Sterna with broadly oval microtrichial patch. Terga and sterna with longitudinal plicae and carinae between caudal end of microtrichial patch and aerole; areole present near each base. Mesothorax without spiracles.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D15B046CEE67BA7657C2811EFC02FF45" blockId="8.[192,1441,1025,1914]" lastBlockId="9.[192,1440,194,250]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="E390D87EEE67BA7757C2811EFEFBF8A6" bold="true" box="[240,379,1793,1817]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Abdomen:</emphasis>
|
||
Segments I–IX sub-equal in length and width. Terga I–VIII with microtrichial patches that successively change from small and oval on segment I to alluvial on segment VIII. Sterna I–VIII with circular microtrichial patch. Terga and sterna with small areole beneath patch, near each base. Tergum IX without microtrichial patch and areole; sternum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="49DF18E9EE67BA7754F9817DFBA4F8C5" box="[971,1060,1890,1914]" captionStart="Figures 20–24" captionStartId="32.[192,288,1846,1868]" captionTargetBox="[220,1424,308,1824]" captionTargetId="figure-54@32.[208,1424,302,1830]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="Figures 20–24. Microrhagus subsinuatus, fifth instar. 20) Dorsal habitus. 21) Head, dorsal view. 22) Head and thoracic region, dorsal view. 23) Head and thoracic region, ventral view. 24) Abdominal segments VII-IX, ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5182129" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5182129/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Fig. 24</figureCitation>
|
||
) heavily sclerotized at caudal half with prominent, semicircular circumanal asperities. Urogomphi absent on segment IX. Spiracles annular-biforous, with caudally pointed spiracular collar.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="99FE57E7EE66BA7657F2873EFB59FE65" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="D15B046CEE66BA7657F2873EFB59FE65" blockId="9.[192,1440,289,474]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<emphasis id="E390D87EEE66BA7657F2873EFEF4FE86" bold="true" box="[192,372,289,313]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="16E47FEFEE66BA76564E873DFD36FE85" authorityName="LeConte" authorityYear="1852" box="[380,694,290,314]" class="Insecta" family="Eucnemidae" genus="Microrhagus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subsinuatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="E390D87EEE66BA76564E873DFD36FE85" box="[380,694,290,314]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Microrhagus subsinuatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is known from
|
||
<emphasis id="E390D87EEE66BA76544A873EFC7DFE86" bold="true" box="[888,1021,289,313]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="A9F344FCEE66BA76544A873EFC78FE86" box="[888,1016,289,313]" name="Canada" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">CANADA</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1320CA8EEE66BA765334873DFBFFFE85" box="[1030,1151,290,314]" country="Canada" name="Manitoba" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Manitoba</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1320CA8EEE66BA7653B9873DFAD3FE85" box="[1163,1363,290,314]" country="Canada" name="New Brunswick" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">New Brunswick</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1320CA8EEE66BA765252873DFE8EFEE5" country="Canada" name="Nova Scotia" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Nova Scotia</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1320CA8EEE66BA76562C875DFE01FEE5" box="[286,385,322,346]" country="Canada" name="Ontario" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Ontario</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1320CA8EEE66BA7656A2875DFD27FEE5" box="[400,679,322,346]" country="Canada" name="Prince Edward Island" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Prince Edward Island</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1320CA8EEE66BA765585875DFC94FEE5" box="[695,788,322,346]" country="Canada" name="Quebec" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Québec</collectingRegion>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="E390D87EEE66BA765411875EFCE6FEE6" bold="true" box="[803,870,321,345]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="A9F344FCEE66BA765411875EFCE1FEE6" box="[803,865,321,345]" name="United States of America" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1320CA8EEE66BA765440875DFC63FEE5" box="[882,995,322,346]" country="United States of America" name="Colorado" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Colorado</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1320CA8EEE66BA7654C0875DFB09FEE5" box="[1010,1161,322,346]" country="United States of America" name="Connecticut" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Connecticut</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1320CA8EEE66BA7653A5875DFA1CFEE5" box="[1175,1436,322,346]" country="United States of America" name="District of Columbia" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">District of Columbia</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1320CA8EEE66BA7657F2877DFE9DFEC5" box="[192,285,354,378]" country="United States of America" name="Florida" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Florida</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1320CA8EEE66BA76561B877DFE02FEC5" box="[297,386,354,378]" country="United States of America" name="Illinois" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Illinois</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1320CA8EEE66BA7656BD877DFE72FEC5" box="[399,498,354,378]" country="United States of America" name="Indiana" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Indiana</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1320CA8EEE66BA7656CD877DFDBEFEC6" box="[511,574,354,377]" country="United States of America" name="Iowa" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Iowa</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1320CA8EEE66BA765579877DFD1CFEC5" box="[587,668,354,378]" country="United States of America" name="Maine" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Maine</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1320CA8EEE66BA76559A877DFCA4FEC5" box="[680,804,354,378]" country="United States of America" name="Maryland" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Maryland</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1320CA8EEE66BA765402877DFC6AFEC5" box="[816,1002,354,378]" country="United States of America" name="Massachusetts" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Massachusetts</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1320CA8EEE66BA7654C5877DFBEEFEC5" box="[1015,1134,354,378]" country="United States of America" name="Michigan" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Michigan</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1320CA8EEE66BA765348877DFB7FFEC5" box="[1146,1279,354,378]" country="United States of America" name="Minnesota" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Minnesota</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1320CA8EEE66BA765239877DFE81FE25" country="United States of America" name="New Hampshire" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">New Hampshire</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1320CA8EEE66BA76563C879DFE20FE25" box="[270,416,386,410]" country="United States of America" name="New Jersey" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">New Jersey</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1320CA8EEE66BA76569F879DFDACFE25" box="[429,556,386,410]" country="United States of America" name="New York" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">New York</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1320CA8EEE66BA76550A879DFD77FE25" box="[568,759,386,410]" country="United States of America" name="North Carolina" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">North Carolina</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1320CA8EEE66BA765436879DFCC2FE25" box="[772,834,386,410]" country="United States of America" name="Ohio" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Ohio</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1320CA8EEE66BA76547C879DFC78FE25" box="[846,1016,386,410]" country="United States of America" name="Pennsylvania" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Pennsylvania</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1320CA8EEE66BA765337879DFB05FE26" box="[1029,1157,386,409]" country="United States of America" name="Tennessee" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Tennessee</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="E390D87EEE66BA7653A4879DFA10FE25" bold="true" box="[1174,1424,385,410]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">New State Record</emphasis>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1320CA8EEE66BA7657F287BDFEAFFE06" box="[192,303,418,441]" country="United States of America" name="Vermont" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Vermont</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1320CA8EEE66BA76560987BDFE24FE05" box="[315,420,418,442]" country="United States of America" name="Virginia" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Virginia</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1320CA8EEE66BA76568287BDFDDFFE05" box="[432,607,418,442]" country="United States of America" name="West Virginia" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">West Virginia</collectingRegion>
|
||
, and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1320CA8EEE66BA76559287BDFC9DFE05" box="[672,797,418,442]" country="United States of America" name="Wisconsin" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Wisconsin</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B575799DEE66BA76541C87BDFC68FE05" author="Bousquet, Y." box="[814,1000,418,442]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" pagination="186 - 188" refId="ref19848" refString="Bousquet, Y. 1991. Family Eucnemidae: false click beetles. p. 186 - 188. In: Y. Bousquet (ed.). Checklist of Beetles of Canada and Alaska. Agriculture Canada; Ottawa, Ontario, Publication 1861 / E. 430 p." type="book chapter" year="1991">Bousquet 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B575799DEE66BA7654C687BDFB10FE05" author="Muona, J." box="[1012,1168,418,442]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" pagination="1 - 106" refId="ref20510" refString="Muona, J. 2000. A revision of the Nearctic Eucnemidae. Acta Zoologica Fennica 212: 1 - 106." type="journal article" year="2000">Muona 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B575799DEE66BA7653AE87BDFAB0FE05" author="Majka, C. G." box="[1180,1328,418,442]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" pagination="33 - 46" refId="ref20292" refString="Majka, C. G. 2007. The Eucnemidae (Coleoptera) of the Maritime Provinces of Canada: new records, observations on composition and zoogeography, and comments on the rarity of saproxylic beetles. Zootaxa 1636: 33 - 46." type="journal article" year="2007">Majka 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B575799DEE66BA76520F87BDFEA4FE65" author="Ferro, M. L. & M. L. Gimmel & K. E. Harms & C. E. Carlton" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" pagination="1 - 80" refId="ref20118" refString="Ferro, M. L., M. L. Gimmel, K. E. Harms, and C. E. Carlton. 2012. Comparison of Coleoptera emergent from various decay classes of downed coarse woody debris in Great Smoky Mountains National Park, USA. Insecta Mundi 0260: 1 - 80." type="book chapter" year="2012">Ferro et al. 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B575799DEE66BA76560287DDFDA3FE65" author="Webster, R. P. & D Sweeny & I. DeMerchant" box="[304,547,450,474]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" pagination="77 - 91" refId="ref21068" refString="Webster, R. P., J. D Sweeny, and I. DeMerchant. 2012. New Coleoptera records from New Brunswick, Canada: Eucnemidae. ZooKeys 179: 77 - 91." type="journal article" year="2012">Webster et al. 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). All specimens used in this study came from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1320CA8EEE66BA76536687DDFB55FE65" box="[1108,1237,450,474]" country="United States of America" name="Wisconsin" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Wisconsin</collectingRegion>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="99FE57E7EE66BA7657F2841EFBBEFA06" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="D15B046CEE66BA7657F2841EFA20FD65" blockId="9.[192,1441,513,1466]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<emphasis id="E390D87EEE66BA7657F2841EFEB1FDA6" bold="true" box="[192,305,513,537]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Biology.</emphasis>
|
||
Although
|
||
<taxonomicName id="16E47FEFEE66BA765688841DFDFBFDA5" authorityName="LeConte" authorityYear="1852" box="[442,635,514,538]" class="Insecta" family="Eucnemidae" genus="Microrhagus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subsinuatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="E390D87EEE66BA765688841DFDFBFDA5" box="[442,635,514,538]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">M. subsinuatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a widespread species, very little is known about its biology.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B575799DEE66BA7657F2843DFE08FD85" author="Blatchley, W. S." box="[192,392,546,570]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" refId="ref19809" refString="Blatchley, W. S. 1910. An Illustrated Descriptive Catalogue of the Coleoptera or Beetles (exclusive of Rhynchophora) Known to Occur in Indiana. Nature Publishing Company; Indianapolis, IN. 1386 p." type="book" year="1910">Blatchley (1910)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
obtained one of the specimens on milkweed (
|
||
<emphasis id="E390D87EEE66BA76549B843DFB9CFD85" box="[937,1052,546,570]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Ascelpias</emphasis>
|
||
sp.;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="16E47FEFEE66BA765360843DFB72FD85" box="[1106,1266,546,570]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Apocynaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) leaves.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B575799DEE66BA765268843DFE8DFDE6" author="Knull, J." pageId="9" pageNumber="8" pagination="246 - 247" refId="ref20199" refString="Knull, J. 1946. A new species of Dirhagus with notes on other Eucnemidae (Coleoptera). Annals of the Entomological Society of America 39: 246 - 247." type="journal article" year="1946">Knull (1946)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
reared the species from moist, decayed logs of American beech in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1320CA8EEE66BA76537C845DFB0DFDE5" box="[1102,1165,578,602]" country="United States of America" name="Ohio" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Ohio</collectingRegion>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B575799DEE66BA7653AB845DFACEFDE5" author="Muona, J." box="[1177,1358,578,602]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" pagination="1 - 133" refId="ref20422" refString="Muona, J. 1993 b. Review of the phylogeny, classification and biology of the family Eucnemidae (Coleoptera). Entomologica Scandinavica (Supplement) 44: 1 - 133." type="journal article" year="1993">Muona (1993b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B575799DEE66BA76526E845DFA18FDE5" author="Muona, J." box="[1372,1432,578,602]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" pagination="1 - 106" refId="ref20510" refString="Muona, J. 2000. A revision of the Nearctic Eucnemidae. Acta Zoologica Fennica 212: 1 - 106." type="journal article" year="2000">2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) wrote that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="16E47FEFEE66BA76567E847DFD8BFDC5" authorityName="LeConte" authorityYear="1852" box="[332,523,610,634]" class="Insecta" family="Eucnemidae" genus="Microrhagus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subsinuatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="E390D87EEE66BA76567E847DFD8BFDC5" box="[332,523,610,634]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">M. subsinuatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were taken on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="16E47FEFEE66BA7655FD847DFC7BFDC5" authority="Newberry" authorityName="Newberry" box="[719,1019,610,634]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Alnus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="serrata">
|
||
<emphasis id="E390D87EEE66BA7655FD847DFCF7FDC6" box="[719,887,610,634]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Alnus serrata</emphasis>
|
||
Newberry
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(not Hortulanorum ex. Lavallée);
|
||
<taxonomicName id="16E47FEFEE66BA7657F2849DFECCFD25" authorityName="S.F.Gray" authorityYear="1822" box="[192,332,642,666]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Betulaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
. However, the information provided may be in reference to smooth alder (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="16E47FEFEE66BA7653ED849DFE1FFD05" authority="(Aiton) Willdenow" authorityName="Willdenow" baseAuthorityName="Aiton" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Alnus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="serrulata">
|
||
<emphasis id="E390D87EEE66BA7653ED849DFA20FD25" box="[1247,1440,642,666]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Alnus serrulata</emphasis>
|
||
(Aiton) Willdenow
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) instead.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="16E47FEFEE66BA76552484BDFD3BFD06" box="[534,699,674,698]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Alnus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="serrata">
|
||
<emphasis id="E390D87EEE66BA76552484BDFD3BFD06" box="[534,699,674,698]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Alnus serrata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is an extinct North American alder species once abundant in western
|
||
<collectingCountry id="A9F344FCEE66BA76561B84DDFE54FD65" box="[297,468,706,730]" name="United States of America" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">United States</collectingCountry>
|
||
during the late Pleistocene Epoch (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B575799DEE66BA7654B584DDFA13FD65" author="Peabody Museum of Natural History & YPM Paleobotany-Online Catalog" box="[903,1427,706,730]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" refId="ref20958" refString="Peabody Museum of Natural History, 2011. YPM Paleobotany-Online Catalog. Available from: http: // peabody. research. yale. edu / cgi-bin / Query. Ledger? LE = pb & ID = irn % 20751142 & SU = 0 (Accessed 11 July, 2012)." type="url" year="2011">Peabody Museum of Natural History 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D15B046CEE66BA7657C284FDFB06FB86" blockId="9.[192,1441,513,1466]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B575799DEE66BA7657C284FDFE11FD45" author="Majka, C. G." box="[240,401,738,762]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" pagination="33 - 46" refId="ref20292" refString="Majka, C. G. 2007. The Eucnemidae (Coleoptera) of the Maritime Provinces of Canada: new records, observations on composition and zoogeography, and comments on the rarity of saproxylic beetles. Zootaxa 1636: 33 - 46." type="journal article" year="2007">Majka (2007)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
took
|
||
<specimenCount id="C7E2CFE5EE66BA7656E084FDFDF5FD45" box="[466,629,738,762]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
on shoreline vegetation along a pond in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1320CA8EEE66BA76536B84FDFB6EFD45" box="[1113,1262,738,762]" country="Canada" name="Nova Scotia" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Nova Scotia</collectingRegion>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B575799DEE66BA7653CA84FDFE8DFCA5" author="Webster, R. P. & D Sweeny & I. DeMerchant" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" pagination="77 - 91" refId="ref21068" refString="Webster, R. P., J. D Sweeny, and I. DeMerchant. 2012. New Coleoptera records from New Brunswick, Canada: Eucnemidae. ZooKeys 179: 77 - 91." type="journal article" year="2012">Webster et al. (2012)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
collected
|
||
<specimenCount id="C7E2CFE5EE66BA7656B7851DFE77FCA5" box="[389,503,770,794]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" type="adult">23 adults</specimenCount>
|
||
during June, July, and August during their survey work in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1320CA8EEE66BA7653E7851DFA1DFCA5" box="[1237,1437,770,794]" country="Canada" name="New Brunswick" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">New Brunswick</collectingRegion>
|
||
. One specimen was swept from foliage in a mature hardwood forest. Twenty-two remaining specimens were taken by Lindgren funnel traps placed in various forest systems. They found adults in a mature hardwood forest with American beech, sugar maple (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="16E47FEFEE66BA765465857DFB19FCC5" authority="Marshall" authorityName="Marshall" authorityYear="1785" box="[855,1177,866,890]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sapindaceae" genus="Acer" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="saccharum">
|
||
<emphasis id="E390D87EEE66BA765465857DFB9CFCC5" box="[855,1052,866,890]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Acer saccharum</emphasis>
|
||
Marshall
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="16E47FEFEE66BA765395857DFAA4FCC5" box="[1191,1316,866,890]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aceraceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Aceraceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and ash, old silver maple forest with green ash, red spruce forest with red maple (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="16E47FEFEE66BA76537A859DFAE1FC25" authority="Linnaeus" authorityName="Linnaeus" box="[1096,1377,898,922]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sapindaceae" genus="Acer" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rubrum">
|
||
<emphasis id="E390D87EEE66BA76537A859DFB65FC25" box="[1096,1253,898,922]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Acer rubrum</emphasis>
|
||
Linnaeus
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and balsam fir (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="16E47FEFEE66BA76567E85BDFD6DFC05" authority="(Linnaeus) Miller" authorityName="Miller" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" box="[332,749,930,954]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="balsamea">
|
||
<emphasis id="E390D87EEE66BA76567E85BDFD8BFC05" box="[332,523,930,954]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Abies balsamea</emphasis>
|
||
(Linnaeus) Miller
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="16E47FEFEE66BA7655CB85BDFCEBFC05" box="[761,875,930,954]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Pinaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
), an old northern hardwood forest, old-growth white spruce (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="16E47FEFEE66BA76564185DDFD53FC66" authority="(Moench) Voss" authorityName="Voss" baseAuthorityName="Moench" box="[371,723,962,986]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glauca">
|
||
<emphasis id="E390D87EEE66BA76564185DDFD91FC65" box="[371,529,962,986]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Picea glauca</emphasis>
|
||
(Moench) Voss
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="16E47FEFEE66BA7655D085DDFCD1FC65" box="[738,849,962,986]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Pinaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and balsam fir forest, and old-growth eastern white cedar (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="16E47FEFEE66BA76566C85FDFD3DFC45" authority="Linnaeus" authorityName="Linnaeus" box="[350,701,994,1018]" class="Pinopsida" family="Cupressaceae" genus="Thuja" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="occidentalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="E390D87EEE66BA76566C85FDFDC0FC45" box="[350,576,994,1018]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Thuja occidentalis</emphasis>
|
||
Linnaeus
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="16E47FEFEE66BA7655FA85FDFCF2FC45" box="[712,882,994,1018]" class="Pinopsida" family="Cupressaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Cupressaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) forest.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B575799DEE66BA7654E785FDFB30FC45" author="Ferro, M. L. & M. L. Gimmel & K. E. Harms & C. E. Carlton" box="[981,1200,994,1018]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" pagination="1 - 80" refId="ref20118" refString="Ferro, M. L., M. L. Gimmel, K. E. Harms, and C. E. Carlton. 2012. Comparison of Coleoptera emergent from various decay classes of downed coarse woody debris in Great Smoky Mountains National Park, USA. Insecta Mundi 0260: 1 - 80." type="book chapter" year="2012">Ferro et al. (2012)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
reared a number of adults from decay class 3-4 coarse woody materials using emergence chambers. Specimens were reared from materials collected at two locations; both from Sevier County,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1320CA8EEE66BA7654CC823DFB02FB86" box="[1022,1154,1058,1081]" country="United States of America" name="Tennessee" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Tennessee</collectingRegion>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D15B046CEE66BA7657C2825DFBBEFA06" blockId="9.[192,1441,513,1466]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="16E47FEFEE66BA7657C2825DFDA9FBE5" authorityName="LeConte" authorityYear="1852" box="[240,553,1090,1114]" class="Insecta" family="Eucnemidae" genus="Microrhagus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subsinuatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="E390D87EEE66BA7657C2825DFDA9FBE5" box="[240,553,1090,1114]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Microrhagus subsinuatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was found in a variety of forest systems. In
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1320CA8EEE66BA765376825DFB44FBE5" box="[1092,1220,1090,1114]" country="United States of America" name="Wisconsin" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Wisconsin</collectingRegion>
|
||
, I collected adults and larvae in northern dry-mesic forest, northern hardwood swamp, northern mesic forest, northern wet forest, northern wet-mesic forest, oak barrens, southern dry-mesic forest, and southern mesic forest. Two adults were reared from a badly decayed elm log in 2010. Several larvae were found less than 1.0 cm beneath the surface of the moist white rotten sapwood of a river birch log (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="16E47FEFEE66BA76523682DDFA20FB66" box="[1284,1440,1218,1242]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Betula" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nigra">
|
||
<emphasis id="E390D87EEE66BA76523682DDFA20FB66" box="[1284,1440,1218,1242]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Betula nigra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
L.;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="16E47FEFEE66BA7657DA82FDFEF1FB45" authorityName="S.F.Gray" authorityYear="1822" box="[232,369,1250,1274]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Betulaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) in 2012. Searching in conifers has yielded no larvae, which may indicate the species is a deciduous specialist. Larvae were observed tunneling along the wood grain, leaving no trails behind them. Most larvae were extracted at least 1.0–3.0 cm beneath the surface. Pupation requires about two to three weeks. Many adults in recent history were collected from purple prism traps in northeastern
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1320CA8EEE66BA7657F2837DFEBDFAC5" box="[192,317,1378,1402]" country="United States of America" name="Wisconsin" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Wisconsin</collectingRegion>
|
||
from late June through late August. Collectors in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1320CA8EEE66BA76549F837DFBAAFAC5" box="[941,1066,1378,1402]" country="United States of America" name="Wisconsin" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Wisconsin</collectingRegion>
|
||
have found
|
||
<taxonomicName id="16E47FEFEE66BA7653F0837DFA00FAC5" authorityName="LeConte" authorityYear="1852" box="[1218,1408,1378,1402]" class="Insecta" family="Eucnemidae" genus="Microrhagus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subsinuatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="E390D87EEE66BA7653F0837DFA00FAC5" box="[1218,1408,1378,1402]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">M. subsinuatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in Malaise traps, at UV lights, on saplings/herbaceous understory, swept through vegetation, in Lindgren funnel traps, in unbaited Townes Malaise trap, and on girdled ash trees.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |