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<document id="7542835AFC886A9AE67AA7B60556AC3E" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.213126" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ed957119-6f10-432b-a0c5-657bffc47586" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="213126" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460483917179" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="DEntrèves, Pietro Passerin, Bengtsson, Bengt Å. &amp; Roggero, Angela" docDate="2012" docId="195D8781DD2CF45033974E30FD217B17" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03323p056.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3323" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Scythris tridentata Passerin d'Entreves &amp; Roggero, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="54" masterDocId="E564FFF9DD2EF45433004861FC6F7E43" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic note on Scythris pangalactis Meyrick 1933, with the description of a new species from Iran and a new synonymy (Lepidoptera, Gelechioidea, Scythrididae)" masterLastPageNumber="56" masterPageNumber="50" pageNumber="52" updateTime="1698308364266" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="8453570220702277F9A49517B6366C00">Taxonomic note on Scythris pangalactis Meyrick 1933, with the description of a new species from Iran and a new synonymy (Lepidoptera, Gelechioidea, Scythrididae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="B82ECC02172AD31C6420C3D0ACCF4782">DEntrèves, Pietro Passerin</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="F3543BD9BE6FEC304FA1488936F497F2">Bengtsson, Bengt Å.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="2744EBB8A36FC1A2A5F6FE6C07969062">Roggero, Angela</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="B1E9B9C2D94E7FAEF4B1771BFB0080FF">2012</mods:date>
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<treatment id="195D8781DD2CF45033974E30FD217B17" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6178181" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119517845" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6178181" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:195D8781DD2CF45033974E30FD217B17" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/195D8781DD2CF45033974E30FD217B17" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="54" pageId="2" pageNumber="52">
<subSubSection id="D9EE651CDD2CF45633974E30FD3678CF" pageId="2" pageNumber="52" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="914B3697DD2CF45633974E30FF057829" blockId="2.[151,874,1616,1676]" box="[151,874,1616,1643]" pageId="2" pageNumber="52">
<heading id="CA0381FBDD2CF45633974E30FF057829" bold="true" box="[151,874,1616,1643]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="52" reason="1">
<emphasis id="A380EA85DD2CF45633974E30FF057829" bold="true" box="[151,874,1616,1643]" pageId="2" pageNumber="52">
<taxonomicName id="56F44D14DD2CF45633974E30FF6A7829" authority="Passerin d'Entreves &amp; Roggero" authorityName="Passerin d'Entreves &amp; Roggero" box="[151,773,1616,1643]" class="Insecta" family="Scythrididae" genus="Scythris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tridentata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="A380EA85DD2CF45633974E30FD1B7828" bold="true" box="[151,372,1617,1643]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="52">Scythris tridentata</emphasis>
Passerin dEntrèves &amp; Roggero
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B8B357FEDD2CF456300D4E31FF057829" box="[781,874,1616,1642]" pageId="2" pageNumber="52" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="914B3697DD2CF456339E4E15FD3678CF" blockId="2.[151,874,1616,1676]" box="[158,345,1652,1676]" pageId="2" pageNumber="52">
(
<figureCitation id="09CF2A12DD2CF45633A64E15FC8278CF" box="[166,237,1652,1676]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1659,1682]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,151,1645]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,89,1645]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Facies. A, S. pelinaula; B, S. tridentata. Scale bar = 2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/213128/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="52">Figs 2</figureCitation>
B, 3CD)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D9EE651CDD2CF45633974EDDFD287993" pageId="2" pageNumber="52" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="914B3697DD2CF45633974EDDFD287993" blockId="2.[151,1436,1723,2036]" pageId="2" pageNumber="52">
<emphasis id="A380EA85DD2CF45633974EDDFD2B7897" bold="true" box="[151,324,1723,1748]" pageId="2" pageNumber="52">
<typeStatus id="4E4F8835DD2CF45633974EDDFCBD7897" box="[151,210,1724,1748]" pageId="2" pageNumber="52">Type</typeStatus>
material.
</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="4E4F8835DD2CF456324A4EDDFDDD7897" box="[330,434,1724,1748]" pageId="2" pageNumber="52" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
ɗ [
<collectionCode id="F7E5AE52DD2CF45632D84EDCFE4D7897" box="[472,546,1725,1748]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/q02x-6nyd" name="Universita di Torino" pageId="2" pageNumber="52">MIZT</collectionCode>
]
<emphasis id="A380EA85DD2CF456312F4EDDFE0B7897" bold="true" box="[559,612,1724,1748]" pageId="2" pageNumber="52">
<collectingCountry id="E9E37607DD2CF456312F4EDDFE0B7897" box="[559,612,1724,1748]" name="Iran" pageId="2" pageNumber="52">Iran</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
, Belutschistan, Jranshar,
<quantity id="560C9B72DD2CF45630804EDDFFA77897" box="[896,968,1724,1748]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="52" unit="m" value="800.0">800 m</quantity>
,
<date id="E54A1057DD2CF45630D44EDDF8197897" box="[980,1142,1724,1748]" pageId="2" pageNumber="52" value="1954-04-22" valueMax="1954-04-30" valueMin="1954-04-22">2230.iv.1954</date>
, Richter u. Schäuffele leg. (Genital slide 848 PdE).
<typeStatus id="4E4F8835DD2CF45632B74E81FE4B78BB" box="[439,548,1760,1784]" pageId="2" pageNumber="52" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
2 ɗɗ [
<collectionCode id="F7E5AE52DD2CF456317B4E81FEAA78B4" box="[635,709,1760,1783]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/q02x-6nyd" name="Universita di Torino" pageId="2" pageNumber="52">MIZT</collectionCode>
] SO
<collectingCountry id="E9E37607DD2CF45630024E81FF4078B4" box="[770,815,1760,1783]" name="Iran" pageId="2" pageNumber="52">Iran</collectingCountry>
[Djiroft] Anbar-Abad,
<date id="E54A1057DD2CF456373D4EBEF88F78B4" box="[1085,1248,1759,1783]" pageId="2" pageNumber="52" value="1956-04-21" valueMax="1956-04-30" valueMin="1956-04-21">2130.iv.1956</date>
, W. Richter leg. (Genital slides 841 and 850 PdE); 1 ɗ [
<collectionCode id="F7E5AE52DD2CF45631484F64FEFD795F" box="[584,658,1797,1820]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/q02x-6nyd" name="Universita di Torino" pageId="2" pageNumber="52">MIZT</collectionCode>
] SO
<collectingCountry id="E9E37607DD2CF45631C94F64FE99795F" box="[713,758,1797,1820]" name="Iran" pageId="2" pageNumber="52">Iran</collectingCountry>
[Djiroft] Anbar-Abad,
<date id="E54A1057DD2CF45630FB4F65F8E8795F" box="[1019,1159,1796,1820]" pageId="2" pageNumber="52" value="1956-05-01" valueMax="1956-05-18" valueMin="1956-05-01">118.v.1956</date>
, W. Richter leg. (Genital slide 849 PdE); 1 ɗ [
<collectionCode id="F7E5AE52DD2CF456327D4F49FDA8797C" box="[381,455,1832,1855]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/q02x-6nyd" name="Universita di Torino" pageId="2" pageNumber="52">MIZT</collectionCode>
] Belutschistan, Jranshar,
<quantity id="560C9B72DD2CF45631E34F46FF44797C" box="[739,811,1831,1855]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="52" unit="m" value="800.0">800 m</quantity>
,
<date id="E54A1057DD2CF45630374F46FFB7797C" box="[823,984,1831,1855]" pageId="2" pageNumber="52" value="1954-04-11" valueMax="1954-04-21" valueMin="1954-04-11">1121.iv.1954</date>
, Richter u. Schäuffele leg. (Genital slide 843 PdE); 1 ɗ [
<collectionCode id="F7E5AE52DD2CF45632444F2CFDE17927" box="[324,398,1869,1892]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/q02x-6nyd" name="Universita di Torino" pageId="2" pageNumber="52">MIZT</collectionCode>
] Belutschistan, Jranshar,
<quantity id="560C9B72DD2CF45631AC4F2DFE9B7927" box="[684,756,1868,1892]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="52" unit="m" value="800.0">800 m</quantity>
,
<date id="E54A1057DD2CF45630004F2DFFCC7927" box="[768,931,1868,1892]" pageId="2" pageNumber="52" value="1954-04-22" valueMax="1954-04-30" valueMin="1954-04-22">2230.iv.1954</date>
, Richter u. Schäuffele leg. (Genital slide 847 PdE); 1 ɗ [
<collectionCode id="F7E5AE52DD2CF45632194F0EFD0679C4" box="[281,361,1903,1927]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rsbi-vwmq" name="Swedish Museum of Natural History, Entomology Collections" pageId="2" pageNumber="52">NHRS</collectionCode>
] Baloutchistan, Bender Tchahbahar, leg. Brandt, 1937 (Genital slide 9463 PdE); 1 ɗ [
<collectionCode id="F7E5AE52DD2CF45636404F11F9FA79C4" box="[1344,1429,1904,1927]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/gj99-xj2c" name="Jardí Botànic Marimurtra" pageId="2" pageNumber="52">HMIM</collectionCode>
] Sistan &amp; Baluchestan Prov.,
<quantity id="560C9B72DD2CF45632E04FF5FE4579EF" box="[480,554,1940,1964]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="2" pageNumber="52" unit="km" value="18.0">18 km</quantity>
W Iranshahr, Rig-Kaboud,
<quantity id="560C9B72DD2CF456306B4FF5FFD979EF" box="[875,950,1940,1964]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="52" unit="m" value="500.0">500 m</quantity>
,
<date id="E54A1057DD2CF45630C44FF5F85B79EF" box="[964,1076,1940,1964]" pageId="2" pageNumber="52" value="1972-05-15">15.v.1972</date>
, Abai, Ebert leg. (Genital slide 1397Alipanah).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D9EE651CDD2CF45633C94FBDF8DC79B7" box="[201,1203,2012,2036]" pageId="2" pageNumber="52" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="914B3697DD2CF45633C94FBDF8DC79B7" blockId="2.[151,1436,1723,2036]" box="[201,1203,2012,2036]" pageId="2" pageNumber="52">
<emphasis id="A380EA85DD2CF45633C94FBDFD2079B7" bold="true" box="[201,335,2012,2036]" pageId="2" pageNumber="52">Etymology.</emphasis>
The species is named after the characteristic trident-like gnathos of the male.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="C58B661FDD2DF45733974E1AFF0278D1" box="[151,877,1659,1682]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/213128/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="53" targetBox="[151,1436,151,1645]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="914B3697DD2DF45733974E1AFF0278D1" blockId="3.[151,877,1659,1682]" box="[151,877,1659,1682]" pageId="3" pageNumber="53">
<emphasis id="A380EA85DD2DF45733974E1AFD6378D2" bold="true" box="[151,268,1659,1682]" pageId="3" pageNumber="53">FIGURE 2</emphasis>
. Facies.
<emphasis id="A380EA85DD2DF45732664E1DFD1778D2" bold="true" box="[358,376,1660,1681]" pageId="3" pageNumber="53">A</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="56F44D14DD2DF45732854E1DFD9178D1" box="[389,510,1660,1682]" class="Insecta" family="Scythrididae" genus="Scythris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pelinaula">
<emphasis id="A380EA85DD2DF45732854E1DFD9178D1" box="[389,510,1660,1682]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="53">S. pelinaula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
;
<emphasis id="A380EA85DD2DF457310B4E1DFE7378D2" bold="true" box="[523,540,1660,1681]" pageId="3" pageNumber="53">B</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="56F44D14DD2DF45731294E1DFEC978D1" box="[553,678,1660,1682]" class="Insecta" family="Scythrididae" genus="Scythris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tridentata">
<emphasis id="A380EA85DD2DF45731294E1DFEC978D1" box="[553,678,1660,1682]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="53">S. tridentata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Scale bar = 2 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="D9EE651CDD2DF45033C94ED6FE4E7E97" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="54" pageId="3" pageNumber="53" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="914B3697DD2DF45033C94ED6FE4E7E97" blockId="3.[151,1436,1719,2032]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1437,151,1365]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="54" pageId="3" pageNumber="53">
<emphasis id="A380EA85DD2DF45733C94ED6FD2C7893" bold="true" box="[201,323,1719,1744]" pageId="3" pageNumber="53">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="56F44D14DD2DF457324B4ED9FE747893" box="[331,539,1720,1744]" class="Insecta" family="Scythrididae" genus="Scythris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tridentata">
<emphasis id="A380EA85DD2DF457324B4ED9FE747893" box="[331,539,1720,1744]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="53">Scythris tridentata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is similar to
<taxonomicName id="56F44D14DD2DF45731B24ED9FF567893" box="[690,825,1720,1744]" class="Insecta" family="Scythrididae" genus="Scythris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pelinaula">
<emphasis id="A380EA85DD2DF45731B24ED9FF567893" box="[690,825,1720,1744]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="53">S. pelinaula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, although
<taxonomicName id="56F44D14DD2DF45730B24ED9F8517893" box="[946,1086,1720,1744]" class="Insecta" family="Scythrididae" genus="Scythris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tridentata">
<emphasis id="A380EA85DD2DF45730B24ED9F8517893" box="[946,1086,1720,1744]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="53">S. tridentata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
males have a lighter complexion. Only the males of the two species are compared, as female
<taxonomicName id="56F44D14DD2DF457306E4EBDFF9578B7" box="[878,1018,1756,1780]" class="Insecta" family="Scythrididae" genus="Scythris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tridentata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="A380EA85DD2DF457306E4EBDFF9578B7" box="[878,1018,1756,1780]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="53">S. tridentata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="A380EA85DD2DF45737024EBDF83278B7" bold="true" box="[1026,1117,1756,1780]" pageId="3" pageNumber="53">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B8B357FEDD2DF45737024EBDF83278B7" box="[1026,1117,1756,1780]" pageId="3" pageNumber="53" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
remain unknown. Although there are similar features shared by the two species (
<figureCitation id="09CF2A12DD2DF45731F34E9EFF577954" box="[755,824,1791,1815]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1659,1682]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,151,1645]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,89,1645]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Facies. A, S. pelinaula; B, S. tridentata. Scale bar = 2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/213128/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="53">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
), distinct characters, such as the shape of S8 and T8, allow us to separate them (
<figureCitation id="09CF2A12DD2DF45732C24F42FE697978" box="[450,518,1827,1851]" captionStart="FIGURE 3. S" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1111,1134]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,373,1090]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,373,1090]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. S. pelinaula. A, S 8 and T 8. B, complex uncus-gnathos-tegumen-phallus-vinculum; S. tridentata. C complex uncus-gnathos-tegumen-phallus-vinculum. D, S 8 and T 8. Scale bar = 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/213129/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="53">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
). S8 is longer and narrower in
<taxonomicName id="56F44D14DD2DF457305F4F45FF8A797F" box="[863,997,1828,1852]" class="Insecta" family="Scythrididae" genus="Scythris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pelinaula">
<emphasis id="A380EA85DD2DF457305F4F45FF8A797F" box="[863,997,1828,1852]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="53">S. pelinaula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
than in
<taxonomicName id="56F44D14DD2DF457373F4F45F8A6797F" box="[1087,1225,1828,1852]" class="Insecta" family="Scythrididae" genus="Scythris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tridentata">
<emphasis id="A380EA85DD2DF457373F4F45F8A6797F" box="[1087,1225,1828,1852]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="53">S. tridentata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which has shorter prongs and a more spatulate apex. In T8, the simple lateral expansion is near the apex in
<taxonomicName id="56F44D14DD2DF457379E4F29F9457923" box="[1182,1322,1864,1888]" class="Insecta" family="Scythrididae" genus="Scythris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tridentata">
<emphasis id="A380EA85DD2DF457379E4F29F9457923" box="[1182,1322,1864,1888]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="53">S. tridentata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but in
<taxonomicName id="56F44D14DD2DF45736874F29FD6E79C7" class="Insecta" family="Scythrididae" genus="Scythris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pelinaula">
<emphasis id="A380EA85DD2DF45736874F29FD6E79C7" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="53">S. pelinaula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, it is larger and lamina-shaped. In
<taxonomicName id="56F44D14DD2DF45731844F0DFF6179C7" box="[644,782,1900,1924]" class="Insecta" family="Scythrididae" genus="Scythris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tridentata">
<emphasis id="A380EA85DD2DF45731844F0DFF6179C7" box="[644,782,1900,1924]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="53">S. tridentata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the T8 apices are shorter. The proximal part of the valvae of
<taxonomicName id="56F44D14DD2DF45733B44FF1FD5679EB" box="[180,313,1936,1960]" class="Insecta" family="Scythrididae" genus="Scythris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pelinaula">
<emphasis id="A380EA85DD2DF45733B44FF1FD5679EB" box="[180,313,1936,1960]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="53">S. pelinaula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is more rounded and more dorsally expanded than those of
<taxonomicName id="56F44D14DD2DF45730D44FF1F83179EB" box="[980,1118,1936,1960]" class="Insecta" family="Scythrididae" genus="Scythris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tridentata">
<emphasis id="A380EA85DD2DF45730D44FF1F83179EB" box="[980,1118,1936,1960]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="53">S. tridentata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="09CF2A12DD2DF457376D4FEEF8C179E4" box="[1133,1198,1935,1959]" captionStart="FIGURE 3. S" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1111,1134]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,373,1090]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,373,1090]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. S. pelinaula. A, S 8 and T 8. B, complex uncus-gnathos-tegumen-phallus-vinculum; S. tridentata. C complex uncus-gnathos-tegumen-phallus-vinculum. D, S 8 and T 8. Scale bar = 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/213129/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="53">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
B and C). The valvae apex is narrow and arched in
<taxonomicName id="56F44D14DD2DF45732E04FD5FE05798F" box="[480,618,1972,1996]" class="Insecta" family="Scythrididae" genus="Scythris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tridentata">
<emphasis id="A380EA85DD2DF45732E04FD5FE05798F" box="[480,618,1972,1996]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="53">S. tridentata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and larger and rectilinear in
<taxonomicName id="56F44D14DD2DF45730AC4FD5F85D798F" box="[940,1074,1972,1996]" class="Insecta" family="Scythrididae" genus="Scythris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pelinaula">
<emphasis id="A380EA85DD2DF45730AC4FD5F85D798F" box="[940,1074,1972,1996]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="53">S. pelinaula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The tegumen and vinculum are similar in the two species. The shape of the phallus is similar in both species, but the fusion is more sclerotized and longer in
<taxonomicName id="56F44D14DD2AF450320348F9FDE17EF3" box="[259,398,152,176]" class="Insecta" family="Scythrididae" genus="Scythris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tridentata">
<emphasis id="A380EA85DD2AF450320348F9FDE17EF3" box="[259,398,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="54">S. tridentata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
than in
<emphasis id="A380EA85DD2AF45032EA48F9FE177EF3" box="[490,632,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="54">
<taxonomicName id="56F44D14DD2AF45032EA48F9FE1B7EF3" box="[490,628,152,176]" class="Insecta" family="Scythrididae" genus="Scythris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pelinaula">S. pelinaula</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
As a general rule, the
<taxonomicName id="56F44D14DD2AF450307748F9F86D7EF3" box="[887,1026,152,176]" class="Insecta" family="Scythrididae" genus="Scythris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tridentata">
<emphasis id="A380EA85DD2AF450307748F9F86D7EF3" box="[887,1026,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="54">S. tridentata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
male genitalia are smaller and more elongate than those of
<taxonomicName id="56F44D14DD2AF450329448DCFE767E97" box="[404,537,188,212]" class="Insecta" family="Scythrididae" genus="Scythris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pelinaula">
<emphasis id="A380EA85DD2AF450329448DCFE767E97" box="[404,537,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="54">S. pelinaula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D9EE651CDD2AF45033C948BEFF357CC7" pageId="4" pageNumber="54" type="description">
<paragraph id="914B3697DD2AF45033C948BEFF357CC7" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,1365]" pageId="4" pageNumber="54">
<emphasis id="A380EA85DD2AF45033C948BEFD347EBB" bold="true" box="[201,347,223,248]" pageId="4" pageNumber="54">Description.</emphasis>
Wingspan
<quantity id="560C9B72DD2AF45032DB48BEFE377EB4" box="[475,600,223,247]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" metricValueMax="1.6" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="4" pageNumber="54" unit="mm" value="14.0" valueMax="16.0" valueMin="12.0">1216 mm</quantity>
.
<emphasis id="A380EA85DD2AF45031634881FEF37EBB" box="[611,668,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="54">Male</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="09CF2A12DD2AF45031AD48BEFE9D7EB4" box="[685,754,223,247]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1659,1682]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,151,1645]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,89,1645]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Facies. A, S. pelinaula; B, S. tridentata. Scale bar = 2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/213128/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="54">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
B). Forewing upper surface from white to evenly cream coloured; long and yellowish cream fringe. Hindwing upper surface yellowish white, glossy, with a yellowish cream fringe. Forewing and hindwing lower surface yellowish white, and glossy. Head yellowish white with white palpi and very light brown proboscis. Cream-white thorax and abdomen. Legs cream-white with white tarsi. Antenna almost as long as forewing, evenly very light brown, scape white.
<emphasis id="A380EA85DD2AF45030954911F8537FCB" box="[917,1084,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="54">Male genitalia</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="09CF2A12DD2AF450374D490EF8FF7FC4" box="[1101,1168,367,391]" captionStart="FIGURE 3. S" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1111,1134]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,373,1090]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,373,1090]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. S. pelinaula. A, S 8 and T 8. B, complex uncus-gnathos-tegumen-phallus-vinculum; S. tridentata. C complex uncus-gnathos-tegumen-phallus-vinculum. D, S 8 and T 8. Scale bar = 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/213129/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="54">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
CD). Uncus almost as long as tegumen, narrow, apex sharp and slightly arched. Gnathos bearing three sender and sharp prolongations, the medial one larger and longer than lateral ones and down-arched at tip. Tegumen slender, triangular. Valva short and subtriangular, apex sharp, narrow and down-arched, with long setae; medial edges of valva fused almost entirely, the lateral nooks well-developed. Phallus short and thick, joined to valvae near the apex through a well-sclerotized juxta extending backward. Vinculum broad, partially fused with valvae. S8 subtriangular, apex prolonged in two diverging, short and spatulate prongs. T8 constituted by two symmetrical Y-shaped portions, inner prongs partially fused at apex.
<emphasis id="A380EA85DD2AF45032384A0DFDFB7CC7" box="[312,404,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="54">Female.</emphasis>
Unknown.
<emphasis id="A380EA85DD2AF45031174A0DFEB27CC7" box="[535,733,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="54">Female genitalia.</emphasis>
Unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D9EE651CDD2AF45033C94AEEFD687C8F" pageId="4" pageNumber="54" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="914B3697DD2AF45033C94AEEFD687C8F" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,1365]" pageId="4" pageNumber="54">
<emphasis id="A380EA85DD2AF45033C94AEEFD467CEB" bold="true" box="[201,297,655,680]" pageId="4" pageNumber="54">Biology.</emphasis>
The immature stages are unknown. The species was collected in April and May. The host plants are unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D9EE651CDD2AF45033C94AB6FEE37D57" pageId="4" pageNumber="54" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="914B3697DD2AF45033C94AB6FEE37D57" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,1365]" pageId="4" pageNumber="54">
<emphasis id="A380EA85DD2AF45033C94AB6FD0D7CB3" bold="true" box="[201,354,727,752]" pageId="4" pageNumber="54">Distribution.</emphasis>
The species is known only from SE
<collectingCountry id="E9E37607DD2AF45030044AB9FF5A7CAC" box="[772,821,728,751]" name="Iran" pageId="4" pageNumber="54">Iran</collectingCountry>
. At present the species can be catalogued as a reduced endemism with a Saharo-Sindic distribution.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D9EE651CDD2AF45033C94B41FD217B17" pageId="4" pageNumber="54" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="914B3697DD2AF45033C94B41F9507A87" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,1365]" pageId="4" pageNumber="54">
<emphasis id="A380EA85DD2AF45033C94B41FD527D7B" bold="true" box="[201,317,800,824]" pageId="4" pageNumber="54">Remarks.</emphasis>
In the original description of
<taxonomicName id="56F44D14DD2AF45031894B41FE997D7B" box="[649,758,800,824]" class="Insecta" family="Scythrididae" genus="Scythris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="friedeli">
<emphasis id="A380EA85DD2AF45031894B41FE997D7B" box="[649,758,800,824]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="54">S. friedeli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Ifrane,
<collectingCountry id="E9E37607DD2AF450308A4B40FF807D7B" box="[906,1007,801,824]" name="Morocco" pageId="4" pageNumber="54">Morocco</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="F5654B66DD2AF45030FE4B7EF8957D74" author="Bengtsson" box="[1022,1274,799,823]" pageId="4" pageNumber="54" refString="Bengtsson, B. A. (1997 b) Scythrididae. In: P. Huemer, O. Karsholt and L. Lyneborg (Eds), Microlepidoptera of Europe. 2. Stenstrup, pp. 1 - 301." type="journal article" year="1997" yearSuffix="b">Bengtsson 1997b: 130</bibRefCitation>
) six
<typeStatus id="4E4F8835DD2AF45036314B40F9F37D7A" box="[1329,1436,801,825]" pageId="4" pageNumber="54" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
from
<collectingCountry id="E9E37607DD2AF45033D84B24FD6A7D1F" box="[216,261,837,860]" name="Iran" pageId="4" pageNumber="54">Iran</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="E9E37607DD2AF45032444B25FDE07D1F" box="[324,399,836,860]" name="Jordan" pageId="4" pageNumber="54">Jordan</collectingCountry>
were also listed. Bengtsson reported that all the
<typeStatus id="4E4F8835DD2AF45030D54B24F82F7D1E" box="[981,1088,837,861]" pageId="4" pageNumber="54" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
are preserved in the Passerin dEntrèves collection (now in MIZT). The inclusion of these specimens in the
<typeStatus id="4E4F8835DD2AF45037244B08F83B7DC2" box="[1060,1108,873,897]" pageId="4" pageNumber="54">type</typeStatus>
series of
<taxonomicName id="56F44D14DD2AF45037C84B09F9577DC3" box="[1224,1336,872,896]" class="Insecta" family="Scythrididae" genus="Scythris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="friedeli">
<emphasis id="A380EA85DD2AF45037C84B09F9577DC3" box="[1224,1336,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="54">S. friedeli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
must be erroneous because they have obvious external differences from
<taxonomicName id="56F44D14DD2AF45030644BECFFBE7DE7" box="[868,977,908,932]" class="Insecta" family="Scythrididae" genus="Scythris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="friedeli">
<emphasis id="A380EA85DD2AF45030644BECFFBE7DE7" box="[868,977,908,932]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="54">S. friedeli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. According to
<bibRefCitation id="F5654B66DD2AF450377A4BECF93E7DE7" author="Bengtsson" box="[1146,1361,908,933]" pageId="4" pageNumber="54" refString="Bengtsson, B. A. (1997 b) Scythrididae. In: P. Huemer, O. Karsholt and L. Lyneborg (Eds), Microlepidoptera of Europe. 2. Stenstrup, pp. 1 - 301." type="journal article" year="1997" yearSuffix="b">Bengtsson (1997b)</bibRefCitation>
, the
<taxonomicName id="56F44D14DD2AF45036874BECFD787D8B" class="Insecta" family="Scythrididae" genus="Scythris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subfasciata">
<emphasis id="A380EA85DD2AF45036874BECFD787D8B" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="54">S. subfasciata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species-group - in which
<taxonomicName id="56F44D14DD2AF45031454BD1FEDA7D8B" box="[581,693,944,968]" class="Insecta" family="Scythrididae" genus="Scythris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="friedeli">
<emphasis id="A380EA85DD2AF45031454BD1FEDA7D8B" box="[581,693,944,968]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="54">S. friedeli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
belongs - comprises six small species with dark forewings. The males have a large uncus, a wishbone-like gnathos, and triangular valvae. The only two known females (
<taxonomicName id="56F44D14DD2AF450362C4BB4FCB87A53" class="Insecta" family="Scythrididae" genus="Scythris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="anthracodes">
<emphasis id="A380EA85DD2AF450362C4BB4FCB87A53" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="54">S. anthracodes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="56F44D14DD2AF450320F4B99FDC47A53" box="[271,427,1016,1040]" class="Insecta" family="Scythrididae" genus="Scythris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subfasciata">
<emphasis id="A380EA85DD2AF450320F4B99FDC47A53" box="[271,427,1016,1040]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="54">S. subfasciata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) are characterized by a conspicuous sterigma. By contrast,
<taxonomicName id="56F44D14DD2AF45037514B99F8B77A53" box="[1105,1240,1016,1040]" class="Insecta" family="Scythrididae" genus="Scythris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pelinaula">
<emphasis id="A380EA85DD2AF45037514B99F8B77A53" box="[1105,1240,1016,1040]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="54">S. pelinaula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="56F44D14DD2AF45036104B99F9F47A53" box="[1296,1435,1016,1040]" class="Insecta" family="Scythrididae" genus="Scythris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tridentata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="A380EA85DD2AF45036104B99F9F47A53" box="[1296,1435,1016,1040]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="54">S. tridentata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="A380EA85DD2AF45033974C7DFC9E7A77" bold="true" box="[151,241,1052,1076]" pageId="4" pageNumber="54">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B8B357FEDD2AF45033974C7DFC9E7A77" box="[151,241,1052,1076]" pageId="4" pageNumber="54" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
are both large with cream or very light brown forewings, and the males have reduced genitalia with three characteristic processes on the gnathos that have never been reported for the other species of the
<taxonomicName id="56F44D14DD2AF45037CC4C21F9087A1B" box="[1228,1383,1088,1112]" class="Insecta" family="Scythrididae" genus="Scythris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subfasciata">
<emphasis id="A380EA85DD2AF45037CC4C21F9087A1B" box="[1228,1383,1088,1112]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="54">S. subfasciata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species-group. Furthermore, the valvae of
<taxonomicName id="56F44D14DD2AF45031534C04FEB57A3F" box="[595,730,1124,1148]" class="Insecta" family="Scythrididae" genus="Scythris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pelinaula">
<emphasis id="A380EA85DD2AF45031534C04FEB57A3F" box="[595,730,1124,1148]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="54">S. pelinaula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="56F44D14DD2AF45030134C04FFF07A3F" box="[787,927,1124,1148]" class="Insecta" family="Scythrididae" genus="Scythris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tridentata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="A380EA85DD2AF45030134C04FFF07A3F" box="[787,927,1124,1148]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="54">S. tridentata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="A380EA85DD2AF45030A74C05F86D7A3F" bold="true" box="[935,1026,1124,1148]" pageId="4" pageNumber="54">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B8B357FEDD2AF45030A74C05F86D7A3F" box="[935,1026,1124,1148]" pageId="4" pageNumber="54" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
are partially fused along the medial edge, and both have peculiar-shaped phalluses, previously unknown in scythridids. The the shape of the sterigma in the female of
<taxonomicName id="56F44D14DD2AF45032554CCCFDB47A87" box="[341,475,1196,1220]" class="Insecta" family="Scythrididae" genus="Scythris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pelinaula">
<emphasis id="A380EA85DD2AF45032554CCCFDB47A87" box="[341,475,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="54">S. pelinaula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from those of the two known females of
<taxonomicName id="56F44D14DD2AF45030F94CCCF8FA7A87" box="[1017,1173,1196,1220]" class="Insecta" family="Scythrididae" genus="Scythris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subfasciata">
<emphasis id="A380EA85DD2AF45030F94CCCF8FA7A87" box="[1017,1173,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="54">S. subfasciata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species-group.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="914B3697DD2AF45033C94CB1FD217B17" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,1365]" pageId="4" pageNumber="54">
After a careful analysis of external and genital features, we conclude that the
<taxonomicName id="56F44D14DD2AF45037444CB1F8DC7AAB" box="[1092,1203,1232,1256]" class="Insecta" family="Scythrididae" genus="Scythris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="friedeli">
<emphasis id="A380EA85DD2AF45037444CB1F8DC7AAB" box="[1092,1203,1232,1256]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="54">S. friedeli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<typeStatus id="4E4F8835DD2AF45037BB4CB0F9497AAA" box="[1211,1318,1233,1257]" pageId="4" pageNumber="54" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
from
<collectingCountry id="E9E37607DD2AF450366F4CB0F9F37AAB" box="[1391,1436,1233,1256]" name="Iran" pageId="4" pageNumber="54">Iran</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="E9E37607DD2AF45033C74C95FD7D7B4F" box="[199,274,1268,1292]" name="Jordan" pageId="4" pageNumber="54">Jordan</collectingCountry>
are not conspecific with the
<typeStatus id="4E4F8835DD2AF45031594C95FED47B4F" box="[601,699,1268,1292]" pageId="4" pageNumber="54" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
from
<collectingCountry id="E9E37607DD2AF45030004C94FF067B4F" box="[768,873,1269,1292]" name="Morocco" pageId="4" pageNumber="54">Morocco</collectingCountry>
. Two specimens (a male from the Dead Sea and a female from S
<collectingCountry id="E9E37607DD2AF45032424D79FD1E7B73" box="[322,369,1304,1328]" name="Iran" pageId="4" pageNumber="54">Iran</collectingCountry>
) were identified as
<taxonomicName id="56F44D14DD2AF45031534D79FEB57B73" box="[595,730,1304,1328]" class="Insecta" family="Scythrididae" genus="Scythris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pelinaula">
<emphasis id="A380EA85DD2AF45031534D79FEB57B73" box="[595,730,1304,1328]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="54">S. pelinaula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and the other four are included above in the
<taxonomicName id="56F44D14DD2AF45037E64D79F91D7B73" box="[1254,1394,1304,1328]" class="Insecta" family="Scythrididae" genus="Scythris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tridentata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="A380EA85DD2AF45037E64D79F91D7B73" box="[1254,1394,1304,1328]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="54">S. tridentata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="A380EA85DD2AF450367A4D79FCA77B17" bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="54">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B8B357FEDD2AF450367A4D79FCA77B17" pageId="4" pageNumber="54" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="4E4F8835DD2AF45033CF4D5CFC907B16" box="[207,255,1341,1365]" pageId="4" pageNumber="54">type</typeStatus>
series.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>