treatments-xml/data/EC/0B/AE/EC0BAE2F0F5FFFCD7C87FF011849F814.xml

<document id="9FF9045942CB9C5992B06E768B703679" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.429.2.3" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13876719" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1727824286122" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Adorador, Jiro T., Meneses, Zhereeleen D. &amp; Fernando, Edwino S." docDate="2020" docId="EC0BAE2F0F5FFFCD7C87FF011849F814" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.429.2.3.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 429 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.429.2.3" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.13:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="13" docTitle="Pinanga gruezoi Adorador &amp; Fernando. Clustering 2020, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="128" masterDocId="1032D6570F5EFFC57C0FFFF51C4FFF89" masterDocTitle="Pinanga gruezoi (Arecaceae), a new slender clustering palm from the Philippines with notes on an amended description of P. samarana" masterLastPageNumber="134" masterPageNumber="120" pageNumber="121" updateTime="1727828697439" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="01FFCB31EE82EB846BEC6FA50D3EEFA4">Pinanga gruezoi (Arecaceae), a new slender clustering palm from the Philippines with notes on an amended description of P. samarana</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="CF1C60B1C539C4A218AC6AC67D3EE603">Adorador, Jiro T.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="59F8ED527CD87A991CB23A87E7DF12B3">Institute of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Los Baños, College, 4031 Laguna, Philippines.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="43CBDB30E730B6B0EAD23C858962B6AC">Meneses, Zhereeleen D.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="D455BDFD743AAABC882B0539F5BAC21D">Institute of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Los Baños, College, 4031 Laguna, Philippines.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="E871AAB42A9E9D146D444AA6F6631B9F">Fernando, Edwino S.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="46D4E36532A6BB0D6628F526A7431F7C">Department of Forest Biological Sciences, College of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of the Philippines Los Baños, College, 4031 Laguna, Philippines.</mods:affiliation>
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<taxonomicName id="A3A264BA0F5FFFC47C87FF011E05FE87" ID-CoL="9V7F5" authority="Adorador &amp; Fernando" authorityName="Adorador &amp; Fernando. Clustering" authorityYear="2020" box="[136,586,244,270]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Pinanga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gruezoi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F5FFFC47C87FF011D08FE87" bold="true" box="[136,327,244,270]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="121">Pinanga gruezoi</emphasis>
Adorador &amp; Fernando
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, 
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<collectingCounty id="8D7C67B50F5FFFC47C87FEED1C8DFEBB" box="[136,194,280,306]" pageId="1" pageNumber="121">Type</collectingCounty>
:— 
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, 
<collectingRegion id="A666D1DB0F5FFFC47D95FEED1E1BFEBB" box="[410,596,280,306]" country="Philippines" name="Samar" pageId="1" pageNumber="121">Samar Province</collectingRegion>
: 
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, 
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, 
<location id="617D49E20F5FFFC47FE4FEEC1825FEBA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EC0BAE2F0F5FFFCD7C87FF011849F814:617D49E20F5FFFC47FE4FEEC1825FEBA" box="[1003,1130,281,307]" country="Philippines" county="Type" municipality="Island" name="Mt. Huraw" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" stateProvince="Samar">Mt. Huraw</location>
, 
<quantity id="A35AB2DC0F5FFFC47876FEED188BFEBA" box="[1145,1220,280,307]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" unit="m" value="850.0">
<elevation id="EF8FF80A0F5FFFC47876FEED188BFEBA" box="[1145,1220,280,307]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" unit="m" value="850.0">850 m</elevation>
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elev, 
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<collectingDate id="0058C0110F5FFFC47903FEED19E8FEBA" box="[1292,1447,280,307]" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" value="2015-07-16">16 July 2015</collectingDate>
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, 
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F5FFFC47C87FEC91D69FEDF" box="[136,294,316,342]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="121">Adorador 004</emphasis>
(
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<collectionCode id="02B387FC0F5FFFC47D90FEC91D91FEDF" box="[415,478,316,342]" country="Philippines" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14633" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14633" name="University of the Philippines at Los Baños" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" type="Herbarium">LBC</collectionCode>
!; 
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<collectionCode id="02B387FC0F5FFFC47E5EFEC91EF6FEDF" box="[593,697,316,342]" country="Philippines" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15301" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15301" name="University of the Philippines Los Baños" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" type="Herbarium">CAHUP</collectionCode>
!, 
<collectionCode id="02B387FC0F5FFFC47EC8FEC91F48FEDF" box="[711,775,316,342]" country="Philippines" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15314" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15314" name="National Museum" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" type="Herbarium">PNH</collectionCode>
!, 
<collectionCode id="02B387FC0F5FFFC47F19FEC91F60FEDF" box="[790,815,316,342]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
!)
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</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F5FFFC47C87FE711D4AFE17" bold="true" box="[136,261,388,414]" pageId="1" pageNumber="121">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
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— 
<taxonomicName id="A3A264BA0F5FFFC47D2EFE701D94FE17" authorityName="Adorador &amp; Fernando. Clustering" authorityYear="2020" box="[289,475,389,414]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Pinanga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gruezoi">Pinanga gruezoi</taxonomicName>
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is similar to 
<taxonomicName id="A3A264BA0F5FFFC47E75FE701F69FE17" authorityName="Beccari" authorityYear="1919" box="[634,806,388,414]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Pinanga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="heterophylla">
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F5FFFC47E75FE701F69FE17" box="[634,806,388,414]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="121">P. heterophylla</emphasis>
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and 
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F5FFFC47F6CFE701FA3FE17" box="[867,1004,388,414]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="121">
<taxonomicName id="A3A264BA0F5FFFC47F6CFE701FABFE17" authorityName="Beccari" authorityYear="1907" box="[867,996,388,414]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Pinanga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="modesta">P. modesta</taxonomicName>
.,
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The new species is different from the former in its smaller middle leaflet dimension (up to 26 × 
<quantity id="A35AB2DC0F5FFFC47F0BFE5D1F1CFE4B" box="[772,851,424,451]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" unit="cm" value="4.5">4.5 cm</quantity>
), distichous floral cluster arrangement along rachillae, and broader (up to 
<quantity id="A35AB2DC0F5FFFC47D6DFE391DEAFE6F" box="[354,421,460,486]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" unit="mm" value="9.0">9 mm</quantity>
) ovoid–ellipsoid fruits; while it deviates from the latter in its coriaceous leaflets which are abaxially glabrous and inflorescence with more numerous (4‒9) yet shorter (up to 
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) arching to reflexed rachillae that bear closely-set (up to 
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apart) fruits.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="641D1F390F5FFFC47CB2FDCD1F6BFB53" blockId="1.[136,1452,388,1963]" pageId="1" pageNumber="121">
Clustering, slender undergrowth palm, to 
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tall. 
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F5FFFC47ED6FDCD1F59FDDB" bold="true" box="[729,790,568,594]" pageId="1" pageNumber="121">Stem</emphasis>
to 
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diam., internodes 
<quantity id="A35AB2DC0F5FFFC4787CFDCD1897FDDA" box="[1139,1240,568,595]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="1.8" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" unit="cm" value="2.9" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="1.8">1.8‒4 cm</quantity>
apart. 
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F5FFFC47911FDCD19E4FDDB" bold="true" box="[1310,1451,568,594]" pageId="1" pageNumber="121">Crownshaft</emphasis>
elongate c. 
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long, cylindrical, slightly swollen. 
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F5FFFC47EF8FDA91F06FDFF" bold="true" box="[759,841,604,630]" pageId="1" pageNumber="121">Leaves</emphasis>
up to 
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crown, axes reddish when young, sheath 10.5‒20 × 
<quantity id="A35AB2DC0F5FFFC47D0EFD751D19FD12" box="[257,342,640,667]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" unit="cm" value="1.5" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.0">1‒2 cm</quantity>
, yellowish green with sparse brown scaly indumentum, slightly glaucous, ligules (extension of leaf sheath) 
<quantity id="A35AB2DC0F5FFFC47CEFFD511D7CFD36" box="[224,307,676,703]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" unit="cm" value="1.5" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.0">1‒2 cm</quantity>
long, narrowly triangular, leaf without sheath but including petiole 
<quantity id="A35AB2DC0F5FFFC47822FD5118D3FD36" box="[1069,1180,676,703]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.25" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="6.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" unit="cm" value="72.5" valueMax="80.0" valueMin="65.0">65‒80 cm</quantity>
long, petiole (6‒)14‒35 × 
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, shallowly channelled adaxially, convex abaxially sparsely covered with brown indumentum, rachis angular, (23‒)35‒50 × 
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, bifacial adaxially and rounded abaxially with brown scaly indumentums similar to that of the petiole. Leaflets 5‒11 per side of the rachis, coriaceous, ± sigmoidal, generally multicostulate except occasionally for basal leaflets, ± regularly arranged, 
<quantity id="A35AB2DC0F5FFFC47E19FCC11E27FCC6" box="[534,616,820,847]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" unit="cm" value="4.5" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="2.0">2‒7 cm</quantity>
apart, the apex long acuminate to subfalcate, glossy green adaxially drying grayish (when preserved in alcohol), much paler green abaxially drying brownish, with midfixed filamentous ramenta along the midrib to 
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long; basal leaflets 1‒7-costulate, 13‒27 × 
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, middle leaflets 2‒6-costulate, 14.5‒26 × 1.3‒4.5, apical leaflets 5‒11-costulate, 10.5‒18 × 
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, joined basally up to 
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along the rachis. 
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F5FFFC47902FC5519E4FC33" bold="true" box="[1293,1451,928,954]" pageId="1" pageNumber="121">Inflorescence</emphasis>
<quantity id="A35AB2DC0F5FFFC47C87FC311CA6FC56" box="[136,233,964,991]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" metricValueMax="12.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" unit="cm" value="8.5" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="5.0">5‒12 cm</quantity>
long, prophyll unknown, peduncle 1‒2.2 × 
<quantity id="A35AB2DC0F5FFFC47EDDFC311F1DFC56" box="[722,850,964,991]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" unit="cm" value="0.44999999999999996" valueMax="0.6" valueMin="0.3">0.3‒0.6 cm</quantity>
, rachis 
<quantity id="A35AB2DC0F5FFFC47FA9FC311841FC56" box="[934,1038,964,991]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.85" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="1.7" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" unit="cm" value="3.85" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="1.7">1.7‒6 cm</quantity>
long, rachillae bracts gibbous, 
<quantity id="A35AB2DC0F5FFFC47964FC3119E3FC56" box="[1387,1452,964,991]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
high, rachillae 4‒9 reflexed, (2‒) 
<quantity id="A35AB2DC0F5FFFC47E0EFC1D1E18FB8A" box="[513,599,1000,1027]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" unit="cm" value="7.5" valueMax="9.0" valueMin="6.0">6‒9 cm</quantity>
long, subdistichous to spirally arranged along rachis; flowers distichously arranged. 
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F5FFFC47CF6FBF91D9EFBAF" bold="true" box="[249,465,1036,1062]" pageId="1" pageNumber="121">Staminate flowers</emphasis>
c. 6 × 
<quantity id="A35AB2DC0F5FFFC47E2EFBF91E35FBAE" box="[545,634,1036,1063]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" unit="mm" value="2.5">2.5 mm</quantity>
, calyx 
<quantity id="A35AB2DC0F5FFFC47EC4FBF91F42FBAE" box="[715,781,1036,1063]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
high, 3-lobed, joined at the base, petals valvate, 5 × 
<quantity id="A35AB2DC0F5FFFC4796CFBF919E8FBAE" box="[1379,1447,1036,1063]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
, narrowly oblique triangular, stamens 9, filaments 
<quantity id="A35AB2DC0F5FFFC47EB7FBC51F40FBC2" box="[696,783,1072,1099]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
long, anther basifixed, 
<quantity id="A35AB2DC0F5FFFC47816FBC51814FBC2" box="[1049,1115,1072,1099]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
long. 
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F5FFFC478ADFBC51926FBC3" bold="true" box="[1186,1385,1072,1098]" pageId="1" pageNumber="121">Pistillate flowers</emphasis>
1 × 
<quantity id="A35AB2DC0F5FFFC47992FBC51CF9FBE6" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
, with broadly ovate imbricate calyx and corolla lobes. 
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F5FFFC47F28FBA11F2AFBE7" bold="true" box="[807,869,1108,1134]" pageId="1" pageNumber="121">Fruit</emphasis>
ovoid‒ellipsoid to fusiform, 1.4‒1.8 × 
<quantity id="A35AB2DC0F5FFFC47929FBA119E8FBE6" box="[1318,1447,1108,1135]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" unit="cm" value="0.8" valueMax="0.9" valueMin="0.7">0.7‒0.9 cm</quantity>
, distichously arranged, ripening red to purplish black, fruits inserted to 
<quantity id="A35AB2DC0F5FFFC47FA2FB8D1FA0FB1A" box="[941,1007,1144,1171]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
apart, 7‒12 fruits per side of rachillae, fruiting perianth 2 × 
<quantity id="A35AB2DC0F5FFFC47D60FB691DFDFB3E" box="[367,434,1180,1207]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
, not contracted at the mouth. 
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F5FFFC47EF5FB691F7DFB3F" bold="true" box="[762,818,1180,1206]" pageId="1" pageNumber="121">Seed</emphasis>
ovoid‒ellipsoid, 1 × 
<quantity id="A35AB2DC0F5FFFC47810FB691822FB3E" box="[1055,1133,1180,1207]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" unit="cm" value="0.7">0.7 cm</quantity>
, rounded apically, shallowly concave below. 
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F5FFFC47D34FB351DD7FB53" bold="true" box="[315,408,1216,1242]" pageId="1" pageNumber="121">Eophyll</emphasis>
bifid, 4‒costulate. (
<figureCitation id="FC9903BC0F5FFFC47E77FB351EACFB53" box="[632,739,1216,1242]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[136,229,1859,1881]" captionTargetBox="[185,1403,185,1826]" captionTargetId="figure-19@2.[141,1447,172,1839]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Pinanga gruezoi Adorador &amp; Fernando. Clustering habit showing variations in density of stems and length of petiole and rachis (A‒C). Leaf disposition and different leaflet costulation: erect (D) or slightly arching with few multi-costulate leaflets (E) or with a number of typically 2-costulate leaflets (F). Infructescence architecture showing variations in rachillae number (G‒I). Localities: Mt. Huraw, San Jose de Buan, Samar (A,D,G = the holotype Adorador 004), Barangay Vigan, Gen.Macarthur, Eastern Samar (B = Adorador 092), Barangay Tenani, Paranas, Samar (C,F,I = from Adorador 053), Sitio Arizona, Barangay Cansolabao, Hinabangan, Samar (E,H = Adorador 008). Scale bar: A = 30 cm, B = 1 m, C = 50 cm, D &amp; E = 15 cm, F = 20 cm, G &amp; H = 6 cm, I = 2 cm. Photos A‒I (Jiro T. Adorador)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876721" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13876721/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="121">Figures 1</figureCitation>
&amp; 
<figureCitation id="FC9903BC0F5FFFC47F09FB351F58FB53" box="[774,791,1216,1242]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[136,229,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[221,1326,210,1913]" captionTargetId="figure-26@3.[221,1366,190,1929]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Pinanga gruezoi Adorador &amp; Fernando. Clustering habit (A), stem with dried infructescence axes (B), basal portion of leaf (adaxial side) including leaf sheath and petiole (C), distal portion of leaf, abaxial side (D), infructescence (E), fruit (F), longitudinal section of fruit showing ruminated endosperm (G), and staminate flower with two petals removed showing some stamens (H). Scale bar: B‒E = 8 cm, F‒G 2 cm, H = 4 mm.All drawn from the holotype (J.T. Adorador 004). Drawn by C.A.T. Rodelas." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876723" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13876723/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="121">2</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="2CB84CB20F5FFFCD7CB2FB111D04FE75" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="128" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="641D1F390F5FFFC47CB2FB11185EFAE3" blockId="1.[136,1452,388,1963]" pageId="1" pageNumber="121">
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F5FFFC47CB2FB111DB9FB77" bold="true" box="[189,502,1252,1278]" pageId="1" pageNumber="121">Distribution and Habitat:</emphasis>
— 
<taxonomicName id="A3A264BA0F5FFFC47E1DFB101E9FFB77" authorityName="Adorador &amp; Fernando. Clustering" authorityYear="2020" box="[530,720,1253,1278]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Pinanga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gruezoi">
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F5FFFC47E1DFB101E9FFB77" box="[530,720,1253,1278]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="121">Pinanga gruezoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is found on the islands of 
<collectingRegion id="A666D1DB0F5FFFC47800FB111817FB77" box="[1039,1112,1252,1278]" country="Philippines" name="Samar" pageId="1" pageNumber="121">Samar</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingRegion id="A666D1DB0F5FFFC47868FB11188CFB77" box="[1127,1219,1252,1278]" country="Philippines" name="Dinagat Islands" pageId="1" pageNumber="121">Dinagat</collectingRegion>
, Bucas Grande, and northeastern Mindanao (
<figureCitation id="FC9903BC0F5FFFC47DAEFAFD1E49FAAB" box="[417,518,1288,1314]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[136,229,1894,1916]" captionTargetBox="[167,1422,196,1862]" captionTargetId="figure-19@4.[151,1436,190,1870]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. The distribution map of Pinanga gruezoi Adorador &amp; Fernando and closely related slender clustering species based on herbarium records.The gray-shaded area approximates the c. 150 meters below sea level bathymetry line which shows several Pleistocene Aggregated Island Complexes (PAIC) (Heaney 1986)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876725" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13876725/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="121">Figure 3</figureCitation>
). The new species is widespread across many forest 
<typeStatus id="BB19A19B0F5FFFC4787BFAFC18E0FAAA" box="[1140,1199,1289,1315]" pageId="1" pageNumber="121">types</typeStatus>
at differing elevation range (
<quantity id="A35AB2DC0F5FFFC47CDAFAD91D08FACE" box="[213,327,1324,1351]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.38" metricValueMax="8.559999999999999" metricValueMin="0.2" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" unit="m" value="438.0" valueMax="856.0" valueMin="20.0">20‒856 m</quantity>
elev.), 
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F5FFFC47D97FAD81DF1FACF" box="[408,446,1325,1350]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="121">viz.</emphasis>
lowland evergreen forest, forest on limestone, and forest on ultramafic soil. Typically it is abundant thriving on light-exposed areas in the forests such as slopes and ridges.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="641D1F390F5FFFC47CB2FA811D9AFA73" blockId="1.[136,1452,388,1963]" pageId="1" pageNumber="121">
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F5FFFC47CB2FA811D3EFA07" bold="true" box="[189,369,1396,1422]" pageId="1" pageNumber="121">Local Name:—</emphasis>
The local field guides referred to this palm as 
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F5FFFC47F6EFA811877FA07" box="[865,1080,1396,1422]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="121">tagibungang–liitan</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F5FFFC4784AFA8118F8FA07" box="[1093,1207,1396,1422]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="121">tagibunga</emphasis>
refers to 
<taxonomicName id="A3A264BA0F5FFFC47914FA8019EBFA07" authorityName="Beccari" authorityYear="1919" box="[1307,1444,1397,1422]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Pinanga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="samarana">
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F5FFFC47914FA8019EBFA07" box="[1307,1444,1397,1422]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="121">P. samarana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F5FFFC47CB7FA6D1D41FA3B" box="[184,270,1432,1458]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="121">liitan =</emphasis>
small) to account for its diminutive habit. Thus, to avoid nomenclatural confusion, this paper formalizes 
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F5FFFC47C87FA491D76FA5F" box="[136,313,1468,1494]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="121">Gruezo gasigan</emphasis>
as the official common name for this new species. The common name 
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F5FFFC4784AFA4818D1FA5F" box="[1093,1182,1469,1494]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="121">gasigan</emphasis>
refers to 
<taxonomicName id="A3A264BA0F5FFFC4790AFA4819E3FA5F" authorityName="Beccari" authorityYear="1919" box="[1285,1452,1468,1494]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Pinanga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="heterophylla">
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F5FFFC4790AFA4819E3FA5F" box="[1285,1452,1468,1494]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="121">P. heterophylla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to which it closely resembles.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="641D1F390F5FFFC47CB2F9F11FD3F823" blockId="1.[136,1452,388,1963]" pageId="1" pageNumber="121">
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F5FFFC47CB2F9F11D92F997" bold="true" box="[189,477,1540,1566]" pageId="1" pageNumber="121">Specimens examined:—</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="D4CA15640F5FFFC47DD2F9F118D5F9CB" collectingDate="2015-07-16" collectionCode="J, T, LBC, CAHUP, EBL, K" country="Philippines" county="Island" elevation="856" location="Mt. Huraw" municipality="San Jose de Buan" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Samar" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry id="1CB55FA90F5FFFC47DD2F9F11EC9F997" box="[477,646,1540,1566]" name="Philippines" pageId="1" pageNumber="121">PHILIPPINES</collectingCountry>
. 
<collectingRegion id="A666D1DB0F5FFFC47E9DF9F11E95F997" box="[658,730,1540,1566]" country="Philippines" name="Samar" pageId="1" pageNumber="121">Samar</collectingRegion>
<collectingCounty id="8D7C67B50F5FFFC47EECF9F11F63F997" box="[739,812,1540,1566]" pageId="1" pageNumber="121">Island</collectingCounty>
: 
<collectingRegion id="A666D1DB0F5FFFC47F37F9F11FA1F997" box="[824,1006,1540,1566]" country="Philippines" name="Samar" pageId="1" pageNumber="121">Samar Province</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingMunicipality id="847985430F5FFFC47FF3F9F11885F996" box="[1020,1226,1540,1567]" pageId="1" pageNumber="121">San Jose de Buan</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<location id="617D49E20F5FFFC478D8F9F0191AF996" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EC0BAE2F0F5FFFCD7C87FF011849F814:617D49E20F5FFFC478D8F9F0191AF996" box="[1239,1365,1541,1567]" country="Philippines" county="Island" municipality="San Jose de Buan" name="Mt. Huraw" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" stateProvince="Samar">Mt. Huraw</location>
, 
<quantity id="A35AB2DC0F5FFFC4796DF9F119E3F996" box="[1378,1452,1540,1567]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.559999999999999" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" unit="m" value="856.0">
<elevation id="EF8FF80A0F5FFFC4796DF9F119E3F996" box="[1378,1452,1540,1567]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.559999999999999" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" unit="m" value="856.0">856 m</elevation>
</quantity>
elev., 
<date id="101C39F90F5FFFC47CD9F9D31D33F9CA" box="[214,380,1574,1603]" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" value="2015-07-16">
<collectingDate id="0058C0110F5FFFC47CD9F9D31D33F9CA" box="[214,380,1574,1603]" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" value="2015-07-16">16 July 2015</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F5FFFC47D86F9DC1E14F9CB" box="[393,603,1576,1602]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="121">
<collectionCode id="02B387FC0F5FFFC47D86F9DC1DD7F9CB" box="[393,408,1577,1602]" country="South Africa" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14647" name="University of the Witwatersrand" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" type="Herbarium">J</collectionCode>
. 
<collectionCode id="02B387FC0F5FFFC47D93F9DC1DE1F9CB" box="[412,430,1577,1602]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="1" pageNumber="121">T</collectionCode>
. Adorador 004
</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="BB19A19B0F5FFFC47E63F9DD1E9FF9CB" box="[620,720,1576,1602]" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
<collectionCode id="02B387FC0F5FFFC47ED5F9DD1F59F9CB" box="[730,790,1576,1602]" country="Philippines" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14633" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14633" name="University of the Philippines at Los Baños" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" type="Herbarium">LBC</collectionCode>
! 
<typeStatus id="BB19A19B0F5FFFC47F2CF9DC1F3AF9CA" box="[803,885,1577,1603]" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" type="isotype">Isotype</typeStatus>
<collectionCode id="02B387FC0F5FFFC47F8FF9DD1F90F9CB" box="[896,991,1576,1602]" country="Philippines" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15301" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15301" name="University of the Philippines Los Baños" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" type="Herbarium">CAHUP</collectionCode>
, 
<collectionCode id="02B387FC0F5FFFC47FE3F9DD186AF9CB" box="[1004,1061,1576,1602]" country="Philippines" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14633" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14633" name="University of the Philippines at Los Baños" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" type="Herbarium">LBC</collectionCode>
, 
<collectionCode id="02B387FC0F5FFFC4783CF9DC1824F9CA" box="[1075,1131,1577,1603]" pageId="1" pageNumber="121">EBL</collectionCode>
, 
<collectionCode id="02B387FC0F5FFFC47876F9DD18DEF9CB" box="[1145,1169,1576,1602]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="D4CA15640F5FFFC478A7F9DD19E9F903" collectingDate="2015-07-12" collectingDateMax="2016-02-12" collectingDateMin="2015-07-12" collectionCode="J, T, LBC, PNH, K, CAHUP" country="Philippines" county="Hinabangan" elevation="280" location="Sitio Arizona" municipality="Barangay Consolabao" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCounty id="8D7C67B50F5FFFC478A7F9DD197DF9CB" box="[1192,1330,1576,1602]" pageId="1" pageNumber="121">Hinabangan</collectingCounty>
, 
<collectingMunicipality id="847985430F5FFFC4794FF9DC1D40F9EF" pageId="1" pageNumber="121">Barangay Consolabao</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<location id="617D49E20F5FFFC47D16F9B91DE0F9EF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EC0BAE2F0F5FFFCD7C87FF011849F814:617D49E20F5FFFC47D16F9B91DE0F9EF" box="[281,431,1612,1638]" country="Philippines" county="Hinabangan" municipality="Barangay Consolabao" name="Sitio Arizona" pageId="1" pageNumber="121">Sitio Arizona</location>
, c. 
<quantity id="A35AB2DC0F5FFFC47DDDF9B91E57F9EE" box="[466,536,1612,1639]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" unit="m" value="280.0">
<elevation id="EF8FF80A0F5FFFC47DDDF9B91E57F9EE" box="[466,536,1612,1639]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" unit="m" value="280.0">280 m</elevation>
</quantity>
elev., 
<date id="101C39F90F5FFFC47E51F9B91EA0F9EE" box="[606,751,1612,1639]" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" value="2015-07-12">
<collectingDate id="0058C0110F5FFFC47E51F9B91EA0F9EE" box="[606,751,1612,1639]" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" value="2015-07-12">12 July 2015</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F5FFFC47EF6F9B81F8CF9EF" box="[761,963,1612,1638]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="121">
<collectionCode id="02B387FC0F5FFFC47EF6F9B81F47F9EF" box="[761,776,1613,1638]" country="South Africa" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14647" name="University of the Witwatersrand" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" type="Herbarium">J</collectionCode>
. 
<collectionCode id="02B387FC0F5FFFC47F03F9B81F51F9EF" box="[780,798,1613,1638]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="1" pageNumber="121">T</collectionCode>
. Adorador 008
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="02B387FC0F5FFFC47FDEF9B91841F9EF" box="[977,1038,1612,1638]" country="Philippines" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14633" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14633" name="University of the Philippines at Los Baños" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" type="Herbarium">LBC</collectionCode>
! 
<collectionCode id="02B387FC0F5FFFC47817F9B91819F9EF" box="[1048,1110,1612,1638]" country="Philippines" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15314" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15314" name="National Museum" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" type="Herbarium">PNH</collectionCode>
! 
<collectionCode id="02B387FC0F5FFFC47850F9B91835F9EF" box="[1119,1146,1612,1638]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
!), 
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F5FFFC4789CF9B81913F9EF" box="[1171,1372,1612,1638]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="121">
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. 
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. Adorador 009
</emphasis>
(
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! 
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!), 
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<collectingDate id="0058C0110F5FFFC47CEDF9851DE2F903" box="[226,429,1648,1674]" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" value="2016-02-11">11 February 2016</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
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. 
<collectionCode id="02B387FC0F5FFFC47DC4F9841D92F903" box="[459,477,1649,1674]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="1" pageNumber="121">T</collectionCode>
. Adorador 024
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="02B387FC0F5FFFC47E98F9851E9BF903" box="[663,724,1648,1674]" country="Philippines" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14633" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14633" name="University of the Philippines at Los Baños" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" type="Herbarium">LBC</collectionCode>
! 
<collectionCode id="02B387FC0F5FFFC47EEFF9851F06F903" box="[736,841,1648,1674]" country="Philippines" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15301" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15301" name="University of the Philippines Los Baños" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" type="Herbarium">CAHUP</collectionCode>
!), 
<date id="101C39F90F5FFFC47F6EF9851865F903" box="[865,1066,1648,1674]" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" value="2016-02-12">
<collectingDate id="0058C0110F5FFFC47F6EF9851865F903" box="[865,1066,1648,1674]" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" value="2016-02-12">12 February 2016</collectingDate>
</date>
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F5FFFC4783DF984194FF903" box="[1074,1280,1648,1674]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="121">
<collectionCode id="02B387FC0F5FFFC4783DF984180EF903" box="[1074,1089,1649,1674]" country="South Africa" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14647" name="University of the Witwatersrand" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" type="Herbarium">J</collectionCode>
. 
<collectionCode id="02B387FC0F5FFFC4784BF9841819F903" box="[1092,1110,1649,1674]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="1" pageNumber="121">T</collectionCode>
. Adorador 080
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="02B387FC0F5FFFC4791FF9851902F903" box="[1296,1357,1648,1674]" country="Philippines" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14633" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14633" name="University of the Philippines at Los Baños" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" type="Herbarium">LBC</collectionCode>
! 
<collectionCode id="02B387FC0F5FFFC47956F98519D4F903" box="[1369,1435,1648,1674]" country="Philippines" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15314" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15314" name="National Museum" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" type="Herbarium">PNH</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="D4CA15640F5FFFC47C87F9601D1BF97F" collectingDate="2016-02-12" collectingDateMax="2016-02-26" collectingDateMin="2016-02-12" collectionCode="J, T, LBC, PNH, EBL" country="Philippines" elevation="388" location="Brgy. Tenani" municipality="Paranas" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Eastern Samar" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingMunicipality id="847985430F5FFFC47C87F9601CADF926" box="[136,226,1685,1711]" pageId="1" pageNumber="121">Paranas</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<location id="617D49E20F5FFFC47CE0F9601DCBF927" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EC0BAE2F0F5FFFCD7C87FF011849F814:617D49E20F5FFFC47CE0F9601DCBF927" box="[239,388,1684,1711]" country="Philippines" municipality="Paranas" name="Brgy. Tenani" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" stateProvince="Eastern Samar">Brgy. Tenani</location>
, 
<quantity id="A35AB2DC0F5FFFC47D9FF9611D95F926" box="[400,474,1684,1711]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.88" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" unit="m" value="388.0">
<elevation id="EF8FF80A0F5FFFC47D9FF9611D95F926" box="[400,474,1684,1711]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.88" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" unit="m" value="388.0">388 m</elevation>
</quantity>
elev., 
<date id="101C39F90F5FFFC47E29F9611EBAF927" box="[550,757,1684,1710]" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" value="2016-02-12">
<collectingDate id="0058C0110F5FFFC47E29F9611EBAF927" box="[550,757,1684,1710]" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" value="2016-02-12">12 February 2016</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F5FFFC47F0DF9601F9DF927" box="[770,978,1684,1710]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="121">
<collectionCode id="02B387FC0F5FFFC47F0DF9601F5EF927" box="[770,785,1685,1710]" country="South Africa" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14647" name="University of the Witwatersrand" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" type="Herbarium">J</collectionCode>
. 
<collectionCode id="02B387FC0F5FFFC47F1AF9601F68F927" box="[789,807,1685,1710]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="1" pageNumber="121">T</collectionCode>
. Adorador 053
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="02B387FC0F5FFFC47FEBF961186EF927" box="[996,1057,1684,1710]" country="Philippines" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14633" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14633" name="University of the Philippines at Los Baños" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" type="Herbarium">LBC</collectionCode>
! 
<collectionCode id="02B387FC0F5FFFC47821F9611820F927" box="[1070,1135,1684,1710]" country="Philippines" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15314" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15314" name="National Museum" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" type="Herbarium">PNH</collectionCode>
!), 
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F5FFFC47886F9601916F927" box="[1161,1369,1684,1710]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="121">
<collectionCode id="02B387FC0F5FFFC47886F96018D7F927" box="[1161,1176,1685,1710]" country="South Africa" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14647" name="University of the Witwatersrand" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" type="Herbarium">J</collectionCode>
. 
<collectionCode id="02B387FC0F5FFFC47894F96018E2F927" box="[1179,1197,1685,1710]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="1" pageNumber="121">T</collectionCode>
. Adorador 061
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="02B387FC0F5FFFC47964F96119E7F927" box="[1387,1448,1684,1710]" country="Philippines" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14633" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14633" name="University of the Philippines at Los Baños" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" type="Herbarium">LBC</collectionCode>
! 
<collectionCode id="02B387FC0F5FFFC47C87F94D1C8DF95B" box="[136,194,1720,1746]" pageId="1" pageNumber="121">EBL</collectionCode>
). 
<collectingRegion id="A666D1DB0F5FFFC47CDBF94C1DADF95B" box="[212,482,1720,1747]" country="Philippines" name="Eastern Samar" pageId="1" pageNumber="121">Eastern Samar Province</collectingRegion>
, General MacArthur, Barangay Vigan, c. 
<quantity id="A35AB2DC0F5FFFC47FBFF94D1FB9F95A" box="[944,1014,1720,1747]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.08" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" unit="m" value="208.0">
<elevation id="EF8FF80A0F5FFFC47FBFF94D1FB9F95A" box="[944,1014,1720,1747]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.08" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" unit="m" value="208.0">208 m</elevation>
</quantity>
elev., 
<date id="101C39F90F5FFFC47832F94D1949F95B" box="[1085,1286,1720,1746]" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" value="2016-02-26">
<collectingDate id="0058C0110F5FFFC47832F94D1949F95B" box="[1085,1286,1720,1746]" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" value="2016-02-26">26 February 2016</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F5FFFC4791EF94C1CFDF97F" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="121">
<collectionCode id="02B387FC0F5FFFC4791EF94C196FF95B" box="[1297,1312,1721,1746]" country="South Africa" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14647" name="University of the Witwatersrand" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" type="Herbarium">J</collectionCode>
. 
<collectionCode id="02B387FC0F5FFFC4792CF94C197AF95B" box="[1315,1333,1721,1746]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="1" pageNumber="121">T</collectionCode>
. Adorador 092
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="02B387FC0F5FFFC47CCFF9291CB2F97F" box="[192,253,1756,1782]" country="Philippines" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14633" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14633" name="University of the Philippines at Los Baños" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" type="Herbarium">LBC</collectionCode>
! 
<collectionCode id="02B387FC0F5FFFC47D09F9291D07F97F" box="[262,328,1756,1782]" country="Philippines" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15314" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15314" name="National Museum" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" type="Herbarium">PNH</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="D4CA15640F5FFFC47D51F9291FD6F823" collectingDate="1919-06" collectingDateMax="2016-09-01" collectingDateMin="1919-06" collectionCode="H, G, PNH, E, P, LBC, S" collectorName="Ramos &amp; Pascasio BS" country="Philippines" county="Llorente" elevation="240" location="Gutierrez" municipality="Mt. Apoy" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" specimenCode="LDLP2, SP57, LDLP3, SP8, P02147347" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Dinagat Islands" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCounty id="8D7C67B50F5FFFC47D51F9291D8FF97F" box="[350,448,1756,1782]" pageId="1" pageNumber="121">Llorente</collectingCounty>
, 
<collectingMunicipality id="847985430F5FFFC47DC5F9281E7BF97F" box="[458,564,1756,1783]" pageId="1" pageNumber="121">Mt.Apoy</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<quantity id="A35AB2DC0F5FFFC47E31F9291ECBF97E" box="[574,644,1756,1783]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" unit="m" value="240.0">
<elevation id="EF8FF80A0F5FFFC47E31F9291ECBF97E" box="[574,644,1756,1783]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" unit="m" value="240.0">240 m</elevation>
</quantity>
elev., 
<date id="101C39F90F5FFFC47EC5F9281F30F97F" box="[714,895,1756,1783]" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" value="1969-05" valueMax="1969-06-31" valueMin="1969-05-00">
<collectingDate id="0058C0110F5FFFC47EC5F9281F30F97F" box="[714,895,1756,1783]" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" value="1969-05" valueMax="1969-06-31" valueMin="1969-05-00">May–June 1969</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F5FFFC47F86F92918D4F97F" box="[905,1179,1756,1782]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="121">
<collectionCode id="02B387FC0F5FFFC47F86F9291FEDF97F" box="[905,930,1756,1782]" country="Finland" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15618" name="University of Helsinki" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" type="Herbarium">H</collectionCode>
. 
<collectionCode id="02B387FC0F5FFFC47FA9F9291FF3F97F" box="[934,956,1756,1782]" country="Switzerland" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15706" name="Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Genève" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" type="Herbarium">G</collectionCode>
. 
<location id="617D49E20F5FFFC47FCAF9291860F97F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EC0BAE2F0F5FFFCD7C87FF011849F814:617D49E20F5FFFC47FCAF9291860F97F" box="[965,1071,1756,1782]" country="Philippines" county="Llorente" municipality="Mt. Apoy" name="Gutierrez" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" stateProvince="Dinagat Islands">Gutierrez</location>
et al. 467
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="02B387FC0F5FFFC478A6F92918A3F97F" box="[1193,1260,1756,1782]" country="Philippines" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15314" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15314" name="National Museum" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" type="Herbarium">PNH</collectionCode>
!). 
<collectingRegion id="A666D1DB0F5FFFC4790EF9291915F97F" box="[1281,1370,1756,1782]" country="Philippines" name="Dinagat Islands" pageId="1" pageNumber="121">Dinagat</collectingRegion>
<location id="617D49E20F5FFFC47950F92919E7F97F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EC0BAE2F0F5FFFCD7C87FF011849F814:617D49E20F5FFFC47950F92919E7F97F" box="[1375,1448,1756,1782]" country="Philippines" county="Llorente" municipality="Mt. Apoy" name="Island" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" stateProvince="Dinagat Islands">Island</location>
: 
<collectingRegion id="A666D1DB0F5FFFC47C87F8F51D00F893" box="[136,335,1792,1818]" country="Philippines" name="Dinagat Islands" pageId="1" pageNumber="121">Dinagat Province</collectingRegion>
, 
<location id="617D49E20F5FFFC47D54F8F51DD4F893" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EC0BAE2F0F5FFFCD7C87FF011849F814:617D49E20F5FFFC47D54F8F51DD4F893" box="[347,411,1792,1818]" country="Philippines" county="Llorente" municipality="Mt. Apoy" name="Libjo" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" stateProvince="Dinagat Islands">Libjo</location>
, 
<location id="617D49E20F5FFFC47DA8F8F41E03F893" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EC0BAE2F0F5FFFCD7C87FF011849F814:617D49E20F5FFFC47DA8F8F41E03F893" box="[423,588,1792,1819]" country="Philippines" county="Llorente" municipality="Mt. Apoy" name="Paragua forest" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" stateProvince="Dinagat Islands">Paragua forest</location>
, 
<quantity id="A35AB2DC0F5FFFC47E57F8F51EEFF892" box="[600,672,1792,1819]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.16" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" unit="m" value="216.0">
<elevation id="EF8FF80A0F5FFFC47E57F8F51EEFF892" box="[600,672,1792,1819]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.16" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" unit="m" value="216.0">216 m</elevation>
</quantity>
elev., 2016, 
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F5FFFC47F3EF8F4187FF893" box="[817,1072,1792,1818]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="121">
<collectionCode id="02B387FC0F5FFFC47F3EF8F41F0DF893" box="[817,834,1793,1818]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15670" name="Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" type="Herbarium">E</collectionCode>
. 
<collectionCode id="02B387FC0F5FFFC47F49F8F41F15F893" box="[838,858,1793,1818]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
. 
<location id="617D49E20F5FFFC47F69F8F51FD4F893" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EC0BAE2F0F5FFFCD7C87FF011849F814:617D49E20F5FFFC47F69F8F51FD4F893" box="[870,923,1792,1818]" country="Philippines" county="Llorente" municipality="Mt. Apoy" name="Lillo" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" stateProvince="Dinagat Islands">Lillo</location>
<specimenCode id="3404B7420F5FFFC47FADF8F51FBAF893" box="[930,1013,1792,1818]" collectionCode="LDLP" pageId="1" pageNumber="121">LDLP2</specimenCode>
<specimenCode id="3404B7420F5FFFC47FFAF8F5187FF893" box="[1013,1072,1792,1818]" collectionCode="SP" country="Brazil" name="Instituto de Botânica" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" type="Herbarium">SP57</specimenCode>
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="02B387FC0F5FFFC4784EF8F518CEF893" box="[1089,1153,1792,1818]" country="Philippines" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14633" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14633" name="University of the Philippines at Los Baños" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" type="Herbarium">LBC</collectionCode>
!), 
<quantity id="A35AB2DC0F5FFFC47896F8F518AEF892" box="[1177,1249,1792,1819]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.08" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" unit="m" value="208.0">
<elevation id="EF8FF80A0F5FFFC47896F8F518AEF892" box="[1177,1249,1792,1819]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.08" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" unit="m" value="208.0">208 m</elevation>
</quantity>
elev., 
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F5FFFC47923F8F519E4F893" box="[1324,1451,1792,1818]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="121">
<specimenCode id="3404B7420F5FFFC47923F8F51930F893" box="[1324,1407,1792,1818]" collectionCode="LDLP" pageId="1" pageNumber="121">LDLP3</specimenCode>
<specimenCode id="3404B7420F5FFFC47970F8F519E4F893" box="[1407,1451,1792,1818]" collectionCode="SP" country="Brazil" name="Instituto de Botânica" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" type="Herbarium">SP8</specimenCode>
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="02B387FC0F5FFFC47C9EF8D11C9EF8B7" box="[145,209,1828,1854]" country="Philippines" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14633" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14633" name="University of the Philippines at Los Baños" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" type="Herbarium">LBC</collectionCode>
!), Loreto, lower slopes of 
<location id="617D49E20F5FFFC47DF7F8D01EDFF8B7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EC0BAE2F0F5FFFCD7C87FF011849F814:617D49E20F5FFFC47DF7F8D01EDFF8B7" box="[504,656,1828,1855]" country="Philippines" county="Llorente" municipality="Mt. Apoy" name="Mt. Redondo" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" stateProvince="Dinagat Islands">Mt. Redondo</location>
, 
<quantity id="A35AB2DC0F5FFFC47E93F8D11EABF8B6" box="[668,740,1828,1855]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.4799999999999995" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" unit="m" value="648.0">
<elevation id="EF8FF80A0F5FFFC47E93F8D11EABF8B6" box="[668,740,1828,1855]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.4799999999999995" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" unit="m" value="648.0">648 m</elevation>
</quantity>
elev., 
<date id="101C39F90F5FFFC47F20F8D11841F8B7" box="[815,1038,1828,1854]" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" value="2016-09-01">
<collectingDate id="0058C0110F5FFFC47F20F8D11841F8B7" box="[815,1038,1828,1854]" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" value="2016-09-01">01 September 2016</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F5FFFC47815F8D018B2F8B7" box="[1050,1277,1828,1854]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="121">
<collectionCode id="02B387FC0F5FFFC47815F8D01864F8B7" box="[1050,1067,1829,1854]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15670" name="Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" type="Herbarium">E</collectionCode>
. 
<collectionCode id="02B387FC0F5FFFC47820F8D1180DF8B7" box="[1071,1090,1828,1854]" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
. Fernando 4164
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="02B387FC0F5FFFC47901F8D11901F8B7" box="[1294,1358,1828,1854]" country="Philippines" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14633" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14633" name="University of the Philippines at Los Baños" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" type="Herbarium">LBC</collectionCode>
!). 
<location id="617D49E20F5FFFC47968F8D01D63F8EB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EC0BAE2F0F5FFFCD7C87FF011849F814:617D49E20F5FFFC47968F8D01D63F8EB" country="Philippines" county="Llorente" municipality="Mt. Apoy" name="Bucas Grande Island" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" stateProvince="Dinagat Islands">Bucas Grande Island</location>
: 
<collectingRegion id="A666D1DB0F5FFFC47D36F8BD1E3CF8EB" box="[313,627,1864,1891]" country="Philippines" name="Surigao del Norte" pageId="1" pageNumber="121">Surigao del Norte Province</collectingRegion>
, 
<date id="101C39F90F5FFFC47E8FF8BC1EB7F8EB" box="[640,760,1864,1891]" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" value="1919-06">
<collectingDate id="0058C0110F5FFFC47E8FF8BC1EB7F8EB" box="[640,760,1864,1891]" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" value="1919-06">June 1919</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F5FFFC47F0AF8BC1815F8EB" box="[773,1114,1864,1890]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="121">
<collectorName id="C9577AEF0F5FFFC47F0AF8BC1F1EF8EB" box="[773,849,1865,1890]" pageId="1" pageNumber="121">Ramos</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName id="C9577AEF0F5FFFC47F76F8BC1849F8EB" box="[889,1030,1864,1890]" pageId="1" pageNumber="121">Pascasio BS</collectorName>
359098
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="02B387FC0F5FFFC47862F8BD18CEF8EB" box="[1133,1153,1864,1890]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
! [
<specimenCode id="3404B7420F5FFFC4789AF8BD1950F8EB" box="[1173,1311,1864,1890]" collectionCode="P" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" type="Herbarium">P02147347</specimenCode>
]). 
<location id="617D49E20F5FFFC47935F8BD1C9EF80F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EC0BAE2F0F5FFFCD7C87FF011849F814:617D49E20F5FFFC47935F8BD1C9EF80F" country="Philippines" county="Llorente" municipality="Mt. Apoy" name="Mindanao Island" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" stateProvince="Dinagat Islands">Mindanao Island</location>
: 
<collectingRegion id="A666D1DB0F5FFFC47CD4F8991E40F80F" box="[219,527,1900,1927]" country="Philippines" name="Surigao del Norte" pageId="1" pageNumber="121">Surigao del Norte Province</collectingRegion>
, Claver, Barangay Taganito, 
<quantity id="A35AB2DC0F5FFFC47F5CF8991FC3F80E" box="[851,908,1900,1927]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" unit="m" value="45.0">
<elevation id="EF8FF80A0F5FFFC47F5CF8991FC3F80E" box="[851,908,1900,1927]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" unit="m" value="45.0">45 m</elevation>
</quantity>
elev., 
<date id="101C39F90F5FFFC47FDBF8991827F80F" box="[980,1128,1900,1926]" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" value="2010-07-02">
<collectingDate id="0058C0110F5FFFC47FDBF8991827F80F" box="[980,1128,1900,1926]" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" value="2010-07-02">02 July 2010</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F5FFFC4787CF898191BF80F" box="[1139,1364,1900,1926]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="121">
<collectionCode id="02B387FC0F5FFFC4787CF89818CBF80F" box="[1139,1156,1901,1926]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15670" name="Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" type="Herbarium">E</collectionCode>
. 
<collectionCode id="02B387FC0F5FFFC47887F89918D4F80F" box="[1160,1179,1900,1926]" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
. Fernando 2263
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="02B387FC0F5FFFC4796BF89919ECF80F" box="[1380,1443,1900,1926]" country="Philippines" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14633" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14633" name="University of the Philippines at Los Baños" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" type="Herbarium">LBC</collectionCode>
!, 
<collectionCode id="02B387FC0F5FFFC47C87F8651C86F823" box="[136,201,1936,1962]" country="Philippines" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15314" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15314" name="National Museum" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" type="Herbarium">PNH</collectionCode>
!), 
<quantity id="A35AB2DC0F5FFFC47CEEF8651D55F822" box="[225,282,1936,1963]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" unit="m" value="45.0">
<elevation id="EF8FF80A0F5FFFC47CEEF8651D55F822" box="[225,282,1936,1963]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" unit="m" value="45.0">45 m</elevation>
</quantity>
elev., 
<date id="101C39F90F5FFFC47D6DF8651E4FF823" box="[354,512,1936,1962]" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" value="2011-04-02">
<collectingDate id="0058C0110F5FFFC47D6DF8651E4FF823" box="[354,512,1936,1962]" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" value="2011-04-02">02 April 2011</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F5FFFC47E04F8641EA3F823" box="[523,748,1936,1962]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="121">
<collectionCode id="02B387FC0F5FFFC47E04F8641E53F823" box="[523,540,1937,1962]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15670" name="Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" type="Herbarium">E</collectionCode>
. 
<collectionCode id="02B387FC0F5FFFC47E2FF8651E7CF823" box="[544,563,1936,1962]" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
. Fernando 2375
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="02B387FC0F5FFFC47EF3F8651F74F823" box="[764,827,1936,1962]" country="Philippines" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14633" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14633" name="University of the Philippines at Los Baños" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" type="Herbarium">LBC</collectionCode>
!, 
<collectionCode id="02B387FC0F5FFFC47F45F8651FC3F823" box="[842,908,1936,1962]" country="Philippines" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15314" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15314" name="National Museum" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" type="Herbarium">PNH</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="30DD4FB10F5CFFC77C87F8B61CBCF7A3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876721" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13876721" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13876721/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="122" startId="2.[136,229,1859,1881]" targetBox="[185,1403,185,1826]" targetPageId="2" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="641D1F390F5CFFC77C87F8B61CBCF7A3" blockId="2.[136,1452,1859,2090]" pageId="2" pageNumber="122">
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F5CFFC77C87F8B61CB0F8D1" bold="true" box="[136,255,1859,1881]" pageId="2" pageNumber="122">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="A3A264BA0F5CFFC77D09F8B11EB7F8D0" authority="Adorador &amp; Fernando. Clustering" authorityName="Adorador &amp; Fernando. Clustering" authorityYear="2020" box="[262,760,1859,1881]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Pinanga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="2" pageNumber="122" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gruezoi">
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F5CFFC77D09F8B11DE8F8D0" box="[262,423,1860,1881]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="122">Pinanga gruezoi</emphasis>
Adorador &amp; Fernando. Clustering
</taxonomicName>
habit showing variations in density of stems and length of petiole and rachis (
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F5CFFC77CDFF8901CB1F8F2" bold="true" box="[208,254,1893,1915]" pageId="2" pageNumber="122">A‒C</emphasis>
). Leaf disposition and different leaflet costulation: erect (
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F5CFFC77F23F8931F72F8F2" bold="true" box="[812,829,1894,1915]" pageId="2" pageNumber="122">D</emphasis>
) or slightly arching with few multi-costulate leaflets (
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F5CFFC77947F8931917F8F2" bold="true" box="[1352,1368,1894,1915]" pageId="2" pageNumber="122">E</emphasis>
) or with a number of typically 2-costulate leaflets (
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F5CFFC77E29F87C1E7AF817" bold="true" box="[550,565,1929,1950]" pageId="2" pageNumber="122">F</emphasis>
). Infructescence architecture showing variations in rachillae number (
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F5CFFC778EFF87D1947F817" bold="true" box="[1248,1288,1928,1950]" pageId="2" pageNumber="122">G‒I</emphasis>
). Localities: Mt. Huraw, San Jose de Buan, Samar (A,D,G = the holotype 
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F5CFFC77EA4F85E1F7CF849" box="[683,819,1963,1984]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="122">Adorador 004</emphasis>
), Barangay Vigan, Gen.Macarthur, Eastern Samar (B = 
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F5CFFC77941F85E1CE3F86A" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="122">Adorador 092</emphasis>
), Barangay Tenani, Paranas, Samar (C,F,I = from 
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F5CFFC77EADF83B1F63F86A" box="[674,812,1998,2019]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="122">Adorador 053</emphasis>
), Sitio Arizona, Barangay Cansolabao, Hinabangan, Samar (E,H = 
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F5CFFC77C93F8051D6BF78F" box="[156,292,2032,2054]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="122">Adorador 008</emphasis>
). Scale bar: A = 30 cm, B = 1 m, C = 50 cm, D &amp; E = 15 cm, F = 20 cm, G &amp; H = 6 cm, I = 2 cm. Photos A‒I (Jiro T. Adorador).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="30DD4FB10F5DFFC67C87F8541821F7AA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876723" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13876723" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13876723/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="123" startId="3.[136,229,1953,1975]" targetBox="[221,1326,210,1913]" targetPageId="3" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="641D1F390F5DFFC67C87F8541821F7AA" blockId="3.[136,1451,1953,2083]" pageId="3" pageNumber="123">
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F5DFFC67C87F8541CB1F83F" bold="true" box="[136,254,1953,1975]" pageId="3" pageNumber="123">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="A3A264BA0F5DFFC67D0AF8571EBDF83E" authority="Adorador &amp; Fernando. Clustering" authorityName="Adorador &amp; Fernando. Clustering" authorityYear="2020" box="[261,754,1953,1975]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Pinanga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="3" pageNumber="123" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gruezoi">
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F5DFFC67D0AF8571DEBF83E" box="[261,420,1954,1975]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="123">Pinanga gruezoi</emphasis>
Adorador &amp; Fernando. Clustering
</taxonomicName>
habit (A), stem with dried infructescence axes (B), basal portion of leaf (adaxial side) including leaf sheath and petiole (C), distal portion of leaf, abaxial side (D), infructescence (E), fruit (F), longitudinal section of fruit showing ruminated endosperm (G), and staminate flower with two petals removed showing some stamens (H). Scale bar: B‒E = 8 cm, F‒G 2 cm, H = 4 mm. All drawn from the holotype (
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F5DFFC67EA4F7FB1F15F7AB" box="[683,858,2061,2083]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="123">J.T. Adorador 004</emphasis>
). Drawn by C.A.T. Rodelas.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="30DD4FB10F5AFFC17C87F8931EDEF84D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876725" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13876725" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13876725/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="124" startId="4.[136,229,1894,1916]" targetBox="[167,1422,196,1862]" targetPageId="4" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="641D1F390F5AFFC17C87F8931EDEF84D" blockId="4.[136,1451,1894,1988]" pageId="4" pageNumber="124">
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F5AFFC17C87F8931D4FF8F2" bold="true" box="[136,256,1894,1916]" pageId="4" pageNumber="124">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
The distribution map of 
<taxonomicName id="A3A264BA0F5AFFC17DF1F8921FCAF8F5" authority="Adorador &amp; Fernando" authorityName="Adorador &amp; Fernando. Clustering" authorityYear="2020" box="[510,901,1894,1916]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Pinanga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="4" pageNumber="124" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gruezoi">
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F5AFFC17DF1F8921EEFF8F5" box="[510,672,1895,1916]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="124">Pinanga gruezoi</emphasis>
Adorador &amp; Fernando
</taxonomicName>
and closely related slender clustering species based on herbarium records. The gray-shaded area approximates the c. 150 meters below sea level bathymetry line which shows several Pleistocene Aggregated Island Complexes (PAIC) (
<bibRefCitation id="003362C80F5AFFC17E0DF85B1EC9F84D" author="Heaney, L. R." box="[514,646,1966,1988]" pageId="4" pageNumber="124" pagination="127 - 165" refId="ref7752" refString="Heaney, L. R. (1986) Biogeography of mammals in SE Asia: estimates of rates of colonization, extinction, and speciation. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 28: 127 - 165." type="journal article" year="1986">Heaney 1986</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="30DD4FB10F5BFFC07C87F89418A3F7A2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876727" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13876727" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13876727/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="125" startId="5.[136,229,1889,1911]" targetBox="[185,1403,200,1841]" targetPageId="5" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="641D1F390F5BFFC07C87F89418A3F7A2" blockId="5.[136,1452,1889,2091]" pageId="5" pageNumber="125">
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F5BFFC07C87F8941CB1F8FF" bold="true" box="[136,254,1889,1911]" pageId="5" pageNumber="125">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="A3A264BA0F5BFFC07D0AF8971E42F8FE" authority="Beccari" authorityName="Beccari" authorityYear="1919" box="[261,525,1889,1911]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Pinanga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="5" pageNumber="125" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="samarana">
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F5BFFC07D0AF8971DF2F8FE" box="[261,445,1890,1911]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="125">Pinanga samarana</emphasis>
Beccari
</taxonomicName>
from Samar Island. Leaflet variations: linear 1-costulate (
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F5BFFC0784DF894181CF8FF" bold="true" box="[1090,1107,1889,1910]" pageId="5" pageNumber="125">A</emphasis>
), subfalcate 2-costulate (
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F5BFFC07946F8941916F8FF" bold="true" box="[1353,1369,1889,1910]" pageId="5" pageNumber="125">B</emphasis>
), and 3- costulate (
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F5BFFC07CE3F8701CB2F812" bold="true" box="[236,253,1925,1947]" pageId="5" pageNumber="125">C</emphasis>
). Infructescence and rachillae architecture: drooping (
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F5BFFC07F03F8701F52F813" bold="true" box="[780,797,1925,1946]" pageId="5" pageNumber="125">D</emphasis>
) or reflexed (
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F5BFFC07FABF8701FFBF813" bold="true" box="[932,948,1925,1946]" pageId="5" pageNumber="125">E</emphasis>
). Fruit arrangement along rachillae and fruit forms: the typical distichously-arranged ovoid-ellipsoid (
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F5BFFC07E63F85C1E34F837" bold="true" box="[620,635,1961,1982]" pageId="5" pageNumber="125">F</emphasis>
) or obovoid fruits (
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F5BFFC07F34F85C1F01F836" bold="true" box="[827,846,1961,1983]" pageId="5" pageNumber="125">G</emphasis>
), or distal portions of rachillae turning spiral with short-ovoid (
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F5BFFC07C9FF8381CECF86B" bold="true" box="[144,163,1997,2018]" pageId="5" pageNumber="125">H</emphasis>
) or globose (
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F5BFFC07D2FF8381D66F86B" bold="true" box="[288,297,1997,2018]" pageId="5" pageNumber="125">I</emphasis>
) fruits. Localities: Barangay Tenani, Paranas, Samar (A,E,G = from 
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F5BFFC07FBDF8381877F86B" box="[946,1080,1997,2018]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="125">Adorador 003</emphasis>
), Sitio Arizona, Barangay Cansolabao, Hinabangan, Samar (D,F = 
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F5BFFC07D9AF8041E52F78F" box="[405,541,2033,2054]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="125">Adorador 025</emphasis>
, I = 
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F5BFFC07E41F8041F12F78F" box="[590,861,2033,2054]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="125">Adorador 018 &amp; Rambacod</emphasis>
), Barangay San Isidro, Paranas, Samar (H = 
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F5BFFC0791AF80419D2F78F" box="[1301,1437,2033,2054]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="125">Adorador 027</emphasis>
). Scale bar: A = 30 cm, B = 40 cm, C = 60 cm, D &amp; E = 15 cm, F = 10 cm, G‒I = 2 cm. Photos A‒I (Jiro T. Adorador).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="30DD4FB10F58FFC37C87F8791D26F863" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876729" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13876729" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13876729/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="126" startId="6.[136,229,1932,1954]" targetBox="[151,1435,197,1894]" targetPageId="6" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="641D1F390F58FFC37C87F8791D26F863" blockId="6.[136,1451,1932,2026]" pageId="6" pageNumber="126">
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F58FFC37C87F8791CB2F828" bold="true" box="[136,253,1932,1954]" pageId="6" pageNumber="126">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
The distribution map of 
<taxonomicName id="A3A264BA0F58FFC37DE5F8781EA0F82B" authority="Beccari" authorityName="Beccari" authorityYear="1919" box="[490,751,1932,1954]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Pinanga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="6" pageNumber="126" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="samarana">
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F58FFC37DE5F8781EEFF82B" box="[490,672,1933,1954]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="126">Pinanga samarana</emphasis>
Beccari
</taxonomicName>
and closely related species based on herbarium records. The gray-shaded area approximates the c. 150 meters below sea level bathymetry line which shows several Pleistocene Aggregated Island Complexes (PAIC) (
<bibRefCitation id="003362C80F58FFC37CD6F8211D11F863" author="Heaney, L. R." box="[217,350,2004,2026]" pageId="6" pageNumber="126" pagination="127 - 165" refId="ref7752" refString="Heaney, L. R. (1986) Biogeography of mammals in SE Asia: estimates of rates of colonization, extinction, and speciation. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 28: 127 - 165." type="journal article" year="1986">Heaney 1986</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="30DD4FB10F59FFC27C87FDEA1A96FDB0" box="[136,1753,543,569]" pageId="7" pageNumber="127" startId="7.[136,224,543,569]" targetType="table">
<paragraph id="641D1F390F59FFC27C87FDEA1A96FDB0" blockId="7.[136,1753,543,569]" box="[136,1753,543,569]" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F59FFC27C87FDEA1CB4FDB0" bold="true" box="[136,251,543,569]" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">TABLE 1.</emphasis>
Slender clustering 
<taxonomicName id="A3A264BA0F59FFC27DC5FDEA1E6BFDB0" authorityName="Blume" authorityYear="1838" box="[458,548,543,569]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Pinanga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="7" pageNumber="127" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F59FFC27DC5FDEA1E6BFDB0" box="[458,548,543,569]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">Pinanga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
of the Philippines. Character traits lifted and updated from 
<bibRefCitation id="003362C80F59FFC278AFFDEA1976FDB0" author="Beccari, O." box="[1184,1337,543,569]" pageId="7" pageNumber="127" pagination="219 - 240" refId="ref7347" refString="Beccari, O. (1907) Notes on Philippine palms, I. Philippine Journal of Science (Botany) 2: 219 - 240." type="journal article" year="1907">Beccari (1907</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="003362C80F59FFC2794BFDEA1933FDB0" author="Beccari, O." box="[1348,1404,543,569]" pageId="7" pageNumber="127" pagination="639 - 650" refId="ref7374" refString="Beccari, O. (1909) New or little - known Philippine palms. In: Elmer, A. D. E. (Ed.) Leaflets of Philippine Botany 2 (36): 639 - 650." type="book chapter" year="1909">1909</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="003362C80F59FFC27988FDEA1985FDB0" author="Beccari, O." box="[1415,1482,543,569]" pageId="7" pageNumber="127" pagination="295 - 359" refId="ref7416" refString="Beccari, O. (1919 a) The palms of the Philippine Islands. Philippine Journal of Science (Botany) 14: 295 - 359." type="journal article" year="1919">1919a</bibRefCitation>
,b) and 
<bibRefCitation id="003362C80F59FFC27A17FDEA1A9BFDB0" author="Fernando, E. S." box="[1560,1748,543,569]" pageId="7" pageNumber="127" pagination="775 - 784" refId="ref7644" refString="Fernando, E. S. (1994) New species of Pinanga (Palmae: Arecoideae) from Luzon Island, Philippines. Kew Bulletin 49 (4): 775 - 784. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 4118071" type="journal article" year="1994">Fernando (1994)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="641D1F390F59FFC27DBEFDBD1AA8F93C" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">
<table id="16A2ED990F59003A7C9FFDBD144FF93C" box="[144,2048,584,1717]" gridcols="7" gridrows="21" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">
<tr id="DA921D7B0F59003A7C9FFDBD144FFDD6" box="[144,2048,584,607]" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="127" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-6="1">
<th id="994374070F59003A7DBEFDBD1E3AFDD6" box="[433,629,584,607]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">Modesta group</th>
<th id="994374070F59003A799FFDBD1A24FDD6" box="[1424,1643,584,607]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">Philippinensis group</th>
</tr>
<tr id="DA921D7B0F59003A7C9FFD9A144FFD0F" box="[144,2048,623,646]" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">
<td id="994374070F59003A7DBEFD9A1E3AFD0F" box="[433,629,623,646]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">
<taxonomicName id="A3A264BA0F59FFC27DBEFD9A1E1BFD0F" authorityName="Adorador &amp; Fernando. Clustering" authorityYear="2020" box="[433,596,623,646]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Pinanga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="7" pageNumber="127" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gruezoi">
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F59FFC27DBEFD9A1E1BFD0F" bold="true" box="[433,596,623,646]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">Pinanga gruezoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A7EA4FD9A1F35FD0F" box="[683,890,623,646]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">
<taxonomicName id="A3A264BA0F59FFC27EA4FD9A1F19FD0F" authorityName="Beccari" authorityYear="1907" box="[683,854,623,646]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Pinanga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="7" pageNumber="127" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="modesta">
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F59FFC27EA4FD9A1F19FD0F" bold="true" box="[683,854,623,646]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">Pinanga modesta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A7FACFD9A18D8FD0F" box="[931,1175,623,646]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">
<taxonomicName id="A3A264BA0F59FFC27FACFD9A18DDFD0F" authorityName="Beccari" authorityYear="1909" box="[931,1170,623,646]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Pinanga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="7" pageNumber="127" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="geonomiformis">
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F59FFC27FACFD9A18DDFD0F" bold="true" box="[931,1170,623,646]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">Pinanga geonomiformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A78A9FD9A1933FD0F" box="[1190,1404,623,646]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">
<taxonomicName id="A3A264BA0F59FFC278A9FD9A1933FD0F" authorityName="Beccari" authorityYear="1919" box="[1190,1404,623,646]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Pinanga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="7" pageNumber="127" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="heterophylla">
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F59FFC278A9FD9A1933FD0F" bold="true" box="[1190,1404,623,646]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">Pinanga heterophylla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A799FFD9A1A24FD0F" box="[1424,1643,623,646]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">
<taxonomicName id="A3A264BA0F59FFC2799FFD9A1A02FD0F" authorityName="Fernando" authorityYear="1994" box="[1424,1613,623,646]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Pinanga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="7" pageNumber="127" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sobolifera">
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F59FFC2799FFD9A1A02FD0F" bold="true" box="[1424,1613,623,646]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">Pinanga sobolifera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A7A71FD9A144FFD0F" box="[1662,2048,623,646]" gridcol="6" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F59FFC27A71FD9A144FFD0F" bold="true" box="[1662,2048,623,646]" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">
<taxonomicName id="A3A264BA0F59FFC27A71FD9A1B2CFD0F" authorityName="Beccari" authorityYear="1889" box="[1662,1891,623,646]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Pinanga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="7" pageNumber="127" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" sensu="lato" species="philippinensis">
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F59FFC27A71FD9A1B2CFD0F" bold="true" box="[1662,1891,623,646]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">Pinanga philippinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="4DE57E500F59FFC27B66FD9A1BCAFD0F" box="[1897,1925,623,646]" pageId="7" pageNumber="127" sensu="lato">s.l.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(clustering)
</emphasis>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DA921D7B0F59003A7C9FFD63144FFD7C" box="[144,2048,662,757]" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">
<th id="994374070F59003A7C9FFD631DEDFD7C" box="[144,418,662,757]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">DISTRIBUTION (PAIC; island or/and biogeographic) subregion)</th>
<td id="994374070F59003A7DBEFD631E3AFD7C" box="[433,629,662,757]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">Greater Mindanao; Samar and northeast Mindanao</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A7EA4FD631F35FD7C" box="[683,890,662,757]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">Greater Mindanao; in central and western Mindanao &amp; Basilan</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A7FACFD6318D8FD7C" box="[931,1175,662,757]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">Greater Luzon; Luzon, in southern Sierra Madre</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A78A9FD631933FD7C" box="[1190,1404,662,757]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">Greater Negros– Panay; Negros</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A799FFD631A24FD7C" box="[1424,1643,662,757]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">Greater Luzon; Luzon, in southern Sierra Madre</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A7A71FD63144FFD7C" box="[1662,2048,662,757]" gridcol="6" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">widespread in the Philippines except Palawan PAIC</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DA921D7B0F59003A7C9FFCF3144FFC94" box="[144,2048,774,797]" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">
<th id="994374070F59003A7C9FFCF31DEDFC94" box="[144,418,774,797]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">ELEVATION RANGE (m)</th>
<td id="994374070F59003A7DBEFCF31E3AFC94" box="[433,629,774,797]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">20–856</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A7EA4FCF31F35FC94" box="[683,890,774,797]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">600–1500</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A7FACFCF318D8FC94" box="[931,1175,774,797]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">150–600</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A78A9FCF31933FC94" box="[1190,1404,774,797]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">&gt; 430</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A799FFCF31A24FC94" box="[1424,1643,774,797]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">c. 800</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A7A71FCF3144FFC94" box="[1662,2048,774,797]" gridcol="6" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">400–900</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DA921D7B0F59003A7C9FFCD8144FFCCD" box="[144,2048,813,836]" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">
<th id="994374070F59003A7C9FFCD8144FFCCD" box="[144,2048,813,836]" colspan="7" colspanRight="6" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">MORPHOLOGY</th>
</tr>
<tr id="DA921D7B0F59003A7C9FFCA1144FFCE2" box="[144,2048,852,875]" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">
<th id="994374070F59003A7C9FFCA11DEDFCE2" box="[144,418,852,875]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">· Stem diameter (cm)</th>
<td id="994374070F59003A7DBEFCA11E3AFCE2" box="[433,629,852,875]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">0.8–1.5</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A7EA4FCA11F35FCE2" box="[683,890,852,875]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">2–5</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A7FACFCA118D8FCE2" box="[931,1175,852,875]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">0.6–1.0</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A78A9FCA11933FCE2" box="[1190,1404,852,875]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">1.5</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A799FFCA11A24FCE2" box="[1424,1643,852,875]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">2.5</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A7A71FCA1144FFCE2" box="[1662,2048,852,875]" gridcol="6" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">2.5(–6.5)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DA921D7B0F59003A7C9FFC89144FFC3E" box="[144,2048,892,951]" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">
<th id="994374070F59003A7C9FFC891DEDFC3E" box="[144,418,892,951]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">· No. of leaflets on each side of the rachis</th>
<td id="994374070F59003A7DBEFC891E3AFC3E" box="[433,629,892,951]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">5–11</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A7EA4FC891F35FC3E" box="[683,890,892,951]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">2–5</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A7FACFC8918D8FC3E" box="[931,1175,892,951]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">1–4</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A78A9FC891933FC3E" box="[1190,1404,892,951]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">6–8</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A799FFC891A24FC3E" box="[1424,1643,892,951]" gridcol="5" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">10–13</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A7A71FC89144FFC3E" box="[1662,2048,892,951]" gridcol="6" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">15–30(–40)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DA921D7B0F59003A7C9FFC32144FFC57" box="[144,2048,967,990]" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">
<th id="994374070F59003A7C9FFC321DEDFC57" box="[144,418,967,990]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">· Middle leaflet shape</th>
<td id="994374070F59003A7DBEFC321E3AFC57" box="[433,629,967,990]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">± falcate-sigmoidal</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A7EA4FC321F35FC57" box="[683,890,967,990]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">± falcate-sigmoidal</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A7FACFC3218D8FC57" box="[931,1175,967,990]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">± falcate-sigmoidal</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A78A9FC321933FC57" box="[1190,1404,967,990]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">± falcate-sigmoidal</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A799FFC321A24FC57" box="[1424,1643,967,990]" gridcol="5" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">± linear-lanceolate</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A7A71FC32144FFC57" box="[1662,2048,967,990]" gridcol="6" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">± linear-lanceolate</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DA921D7B0F59003A7C9FFC1B144FFB8C" box="[144,2048,1006,1029]" gridrow="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">
<th id="994374070F59003A7C9FFC1B1DEDFB8C" box="[144,418,1006,1029]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">· Middle leaflet costulation</th>
<td id="994374070F59003A7DBEFC1B1E3AFB8C" box="[433,629,1006,1029]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">2–6</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A7EA4FC1B1F35FB8C" box="[683,890,1006,1029]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">5–8</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A7FACFC1B18D8FB8C" box="[931,1175,1006,1029]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">4–7</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A78A9FC1B1933FB8C" box="[1190,1404,1006,1029]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">2–4</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A799FFC1B1A24FB8C" box="[1424,1643,1006,1029]" gridcol="5" gridrow="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">2</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A7A71FC1B144FFB8C" box="[1662,2048,1006,1029]" gridcol="6" gridrow="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">1(–2)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DA921D7B0F59003A7C9FFBE0144FFBD8" box="[144,2048,1045,1105]" gridrow="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">
<th id="994374070F59003A7C9FFBE01DEDFBD8" box="[144,418,1045,1105]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">· Middle leaflet dimension (cm)</th>
<td id="994374070F59003A7DBEFBE01E3AFBD8" box="[433,629,1045,1105]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">14.5‒26 × 1.3‒4.5</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A7EA4FBE01F35FBD8" box="[683,890,1045,1105]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">to 34 × 7</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A7FACFBE018D8FBD8" box="[931,1175,1045,1105]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">9‒18 × 3.5‒8</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A78A9FBE01933FBD8" box="[1190,1404,1045,1105]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">35‒40 × 2‒7</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A799FFBE01A24FBD8" box="[1424,1643,1045,1105]" gridcol="5" gridrow="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">45–55 × 2.7</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A7A71FBE0144FFBD8" box="[1662,2048,1045,1105]" gridcol="6" gridrow="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">c. 25–40 × 2</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DA921D7B0F59003A7C9FFB94144FFBF1" box="[144,2048,1121,1144]" gridrow="10" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">
<th id="994374070F59003A7C9FFB941DEDFBF1" box="[144,418,1121,1144]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">· Leaflet texture</th>
<td id="994374070F59003A7DBEFB941E3AFBF1" box="[433,629,1121,1144]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">coriaceous</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A7EA4FB941F35FBF1" box="[683,890,1121,1144]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">subpapyraceous</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A7FACFB9418D8FBF1" box="[931,1175,1121,1144]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">thinly papyraceous</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A78A9FB941933FBF1" box="[1190,1404,1121,1144]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">coriaceous</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A799FFB941A24FBF1" box="[1424,1643,1121,1144]" gridcol="5" gridrow="10" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">subpapyraceous</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A7A71FB94144FFBF1" box="[1662,2048,1121,1144]" gridcol="6" gridrow="10" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">coriaceous</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DA921D7B0F59003A7C9FFB7D144FFB16" box="[144,2048,1160,1183]" gridrow="11" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">
<th id="994374070F59003A7C9FFB7D1DEDFB16" box="[144,418,1160,1183]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">· Abaxial surface</th>
<td id="994374070F59003A7DBEFB7D1E3AFB16" box="[433,629,1160,1183]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">glabrous</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A7EA4FB7D1F35FB16" box="[683,890,1160,1183]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">subglaucescent</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A7FACFB7D18D8FB16" box="[931,1175,1160,1183]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">glabrous</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A78A9FB7D1933FB16" box="[1190,1404,1160,1183]" gridcol="4" gridrow="11" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">glabrous</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A799FFB7D1A24FB16" box="[1424,1643,1160,1183]" gridcol="5" gridrow="11" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">glabrous</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A7A71FB7D144FFB16" box="[1662,2048,1160,1183]" gridcol="6" gridrow="11" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">glabrous</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DA921D7B0F59003A7C9FFB5A144FFB4F" box="[144,2048,1199,1222]" gridrow="12" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">
<th id="994374070F59003A7C9FFB5A1DEDFB4F" box="[144,418,1199,1222]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">· Number of rachillae</th>
<td id="994374070F59003A7DBEFB5A1E3AFB4F" box="[433,629,1199,1222]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">4‒9</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A7EA4FB5A1F35FB4F" box="[683,890,1199,1222]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">2‒4</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A7FACFB5A18D8FB4F" box="[931,1175,1199,1222]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">1</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A78A9FB5A1933FB4F" box="[1190,1404,1199,1222]" gridcol="4" gridrow="12" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">5</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A799FFB5A1A24FB4F" box="[1424,1643,1199,1222]" gridcol="5" gridrow="12" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">8‒11</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A7A71FB5A144FFB4F" box="[1662,2048,1199,1222]" gridcol="6" gridrow="12" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">14–20</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DA921D7B0F59003A7C9FFB22144FFB67" box="[144,2048,1239,1262]" gridrow="13" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">
<th id="994374070F59003A7C9FFB221DEDFB67" box="[144,418,1239,1262]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">· Rachillae length (cm)</th>
<td id="994374070F59003A7DBEFB221E3AFB67" box="[433,629,1239,1262]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">(2‒)6‒9</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A7EA4FB221F35FB67" box="[683,890,1239,1262]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">9‒24</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A7FACFB2218D8FB67" box="[931,1175,1239,1262]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">7‒14</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A78A9FB221933FB67" box="[1190,1404,1239,1262]" gridcol="4" gridrow="13" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">7‒9</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A799FFB221A24FB67" box="[1424,1643,1239,1262]" gridcol="5" gridrow="13" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">to 17</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A7A71FB22144FFB67" box="[1662,2048,1239,1262]" gridcol="6" gridrow="13" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">to 20</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DA921D7B0F59003A7C9FFB0B144FFAB0" box="[144,2048,1278,1337]" gridrow="14" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">
<th id="994374070F59003A7C9FFB0B1DEDFAB0" box="[144,418,1278,1337]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">· Flower clusters arrangement along rachilllae</th>
<td id="994374070F59003A7DBEFB0B1E3AFAB0" box="[433,629,1278,1337]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">distichous</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A7EA4FB0B1F35FAB0" box="[683,890,1278,1337]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">distichous</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A7FACFB0B18D8FAB0" box="[931,1175,1278,1337]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">distichous</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A78A9FB0B1933FAB0" box="[1190,1404,1278,1337]" gridcol="4" gridrow="14" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">3-seriate</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A799FFB0B1A24FAB0" box="[1424,1643,1278,1337]" gridcol="5" gridrow="14" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">spiral</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A7A71FB0B144FFAB0" box="[1662,2048,1278,1337]" gridcol="6" gridrow="14" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">distichous</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DA921D7B0F59003A7C9FFABC144FFA0D" box="[144,2048,1353,1412]" gridrow="15" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">
<th id="994374070F59003A7C9FFABC1DEDFA0D" box="[144,418,1353,1412]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">· Rachillae architecture at fruiting</th>
<td id="994374070F59003A7DBEFABC1E3AFA0D" box="[433,629,1353,1412]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">arching to reflexed</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A7EA4FABC1F35FA0D" box="[683,890,1353,1412]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">rigid-straight</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A7FACFABC18D8FA0D" box="[931,1175,1353,1412]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">rigid-straight</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A78A9FABC1933FA0D" box="[1190,1404,1353,1412]" gridcol="4" gridrow="15" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">arching</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A799FFABC1A24FA0D" box="[1424,1643,1353,1412]" gridcol="5" gridrow="15" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">arching to reflexed</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A7A71FABC144FFA0D" box="[1662,2048,1353,1412]" gridcol="6" gridrow="15" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">arching to reflexed</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DA921D7B0F59003A7C9FFA60144FFA59" box="[144,2048,1429,1488]" gridrow="16" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">
<th id="994374070F59003A7C9FFA601DEDFA59" box="[144,418,1429,1488]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">· Number of fruit per side of the rachillae</th>
<td id="994374070F59003A7DBEFA601E3AFA59" box="[433,629,1429,1488]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">7–12</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A7EA4FA601F35FA59" box="[683,890,1429,1488]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">8‒20</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A7FACFA6018D8FA59" box="[931,1175,1429,1488]" gridcol="3" gridrow="16" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">to 15</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A78A9FA601933FA59" box="[1190,1404,1429,1488]" gridcol="4" gridrow="16" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">c. to 15</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A799FFA601A24FA59" box="[1424,1643,1429,1488]" gridcol="5" gridrow="16" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">13</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A7A71FA60144FFA59" box="[1662,2048,1429,1488]" gridcol="6" gridrow="16" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">c. 20 – 30</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DA921D7B0F59003A7C9FFA15144FF992" box="[144,2048,1504,1563]" gridrow="17" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">
<th id="994374070F59003A7C9FFA151DEDF992" box="[144,418,1504,1563]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">· Fruiting spacing along rachillae</th>
<td id="994374070F59003A7DBEFA151E3AF992" box="[433,629,1504,1563]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">0.5</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A7EA4FA151F35F992" box="[683,890,1504,1563]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">1‒1.5</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A7FACFA1518D8F992" box="[931,1175,1504,1563]" gridcol="3" gridrow="17" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">0.5</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A78A9FA151933F992" box="[1190,1404,1504,1563]" gridcol="4" gridrow="17" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">unknown</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A799FFA151A24F992" box="[1424,1643,1504,1563]" gridcol="5" gridrow="17" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">0.5</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A7A71FA15144FF992" box="[1662,2048,1504,1563]" gridcol="6" gridrow="17" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">0.5–1.0</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DA921D7B0F59003A7C9FF9DE144FF9CB" box="[144,2048,1579,1602]" gridrow="18" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">
<th id="994374070F59003A7C9FF9DE1DEDF9CB" box="[144,418,1579,1602]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">· Fruit dimension (cm)</th>
<td id="994374070F59003A7DBEF9DE1E3AF9CB" box="[433,629,1579,1602]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">to 1.8 × 0.9</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A7EA4F9DE1F35F9CB" box="[683,890,1579,1602]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">to 1.3 × 0.6</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A7FACF9DE18D8F9CB" box="[931,1175,1579,1602]" gridcol="3" gridrow="18" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">to 1.4 × 0.4</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A78A9F9DE1933F9CB" box="[1190,1404,1579,1602]" gridcol="4" gridrow="18" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">to 1.2 × 0.5</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A799FF9DE1A24F9CB" box="[1424,1643,1579,1602]" gridcol="5" gridrow="18" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">to 1.2 × 0.8</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A7A71F9DE144FF9CB" box="[1662,2048,1579,1602]" gridcol="6" gridrow="18" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">to 1.7 × 0.9</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DA921D7B0F59003A7C9FF9A6144FF907" box="[144,2048,1619,1678]" gridrow="19" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">
<th id="994374070F59003A7C9FF9A61DEDF907" box="[144,418,1619,1678]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">· Fruit shape</th>
<td id="994374070F59003A7DBEF9A61E3AF907" box="[433,629,1619,1678]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">ovoid-ellipsoid</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A7EA4F9A61F35F907" box="[683,890,1619,1678]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">ovoid</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A7FACF9A618D8F907" box="[931,1175,1619,1678]" gridcol="3" gridrow="19" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">ovoid-ellipsoid</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A78A9F9A61933F907" box="[1190,1404,1619,1678]" gridcol="4" gridrow="19" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">narrow ovoid- ellipsoid</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A799FF9A61A24F907" box="[1424,1643,1619,1678]" gridcol="5" gridrow="19" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">ovoid-ellipsoid</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A7A71F9A6144FF907" box="[1662,2048,1619,1678]" gridcol="6" gridrow="19" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">ovoid-ellipsoid</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DA921D7B0F59003A7C9FF96B144FF93C" box="[144,2048,1694,1717]" gridrow="20" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">
<th id="994374070F59003A7C9FF96B1DEDF93C" box="[144,418,1694,1717]" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">· Fruit apex</th>
<td id="994374070F59003A7DBEF96B1E3AF93C" box="[433,629,1694,1717]" gridcol="1" gridrow="20" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">short acute</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A7EA4F96B1F35F93C" box="[683,890,1694,1717]" gridcol="2" gridrow="20" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">conical acuminate</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A7FACF96B18D8F93C" box="[931,1175,1694,1717]" gridcol="3" gridrow="20" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">short acute</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A78A9F96B1933F93C" box="[1190,1404,1694,1717]" gridcol="4" gridrow="20" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">short acute</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A799FF96B1A24F93C" box="[1424,1643,1694,1717]" gridcol="5" gridrow="20" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">short acute</td>
<td id="994374070F59003A7A71F96B144FF93C" box="[1662,2048,1694,1717]" gridcol="6" gridrow="20" pageId="7" pageNumber="127">short acute</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="641D1F390F56FFCD7CB2FF6B1D04FE75" blockId="8.[136,1452,158,1949]" pageId="8" pageNumber="128">
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F56FFCD7CB2FF6B1D80FF31" bold="true" box="[189,463,158,184]" pageId="8" pageNumber="128">Conservation status:—</emphasis>
The area of occupancy (AOO) of 
<taxonomicName id="A3A264BA0F56FFCD7F47FF6A184EFF31" authorityName="Adorador &amp; Fernando. Clustering" authorityYear="2020" box="[840,1025,159,184]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Pinanga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="8" pageNumber="128" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gruezoi">
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F56FFCD7F47FF6A184EFF31" box="[840,1025,159,184]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="128">Pinanga gruezoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is calculated at 
<quantity id="A35AB2DC0F56FFCD78BAFF6B18B4FF31" box="[1205,1275,158,184]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" pageId="8" pageNumber="128" unit="km" value="32.0">32 km</quantity>
<superScript id="93D7B2710F56FFCD78F4FF6B194CFF25" attach="left" box="[1275,1283,158,172]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="128">2</superScript>
thus we regard this species as Endangered [EN B2 b(ii, iii, v) c(iv)]. 
<taxonomicName id="A3A264BA0F56FFCD7ED3FF361F03FF55" authorityName="Adorador &amp; Fernando. Clustering" authorityYear="2020" box="[732,844,195,220]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Pinanga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="8" pageNumber="128" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gruezoi">
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F56FFCD7ED3FF361F03FF55" box="[732,844,195,220]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="128">P. gruezoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been documented in eight unique locations across four islands (
<collectingRegion id="A666D1DB0F56FFCD7D2DFF131D22FE89" box="[290,365,230,256]" country="Philippines" name="Samar" pageId="8" pageNumber="128">Samar</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingRegion id="A666D1DB0F56FFCD7D74FF131D98FE89" box="[379,471,230,256]" country="Philippines" name="Dinagat Islands" pageId="8" pageNumber="128">Dinagat</collectingRegion>
, Bucas Grande, and northeastern Mindanao). Limited palm surveys in 
<collectingRegion id="A666D1DB0F56FFCD791AFF131912FE89" box="[1301,1373,230,256]" country="Philippines" name="Samar" pageId="8" pageNumber="128">Samar</collectingRegion>
Island Natural Park (SINP) last 
<date id="101C39F90F56FFCD7DA2FEFF1E1BFEAD" box="[429,596,266,292]" pageId="8" pageNumber="128" value="2016-02">February 2016</date>
across different forest 
<typeStatus id="BB19A19B0F56FFCD7F6EFEFE1FD3FEAC" box="[865,924,267,293]" pageId="8" pageNumber="128">types</typeStatus>
(within twelve 
<quantity id="A35AB2DC0F56FFCD7859FEFF18DEFEAC" box="[1110,1169,266,293]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="128" unit="m" value="20.0">20 m</quantity>
× 
<quantity id="A35AB2DC0F56FFCD78BAFEFF18BEFEAC" box="[1205,1265,266,293]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="128" unit="m" value="20.0">20 m</quantity>
nested plots) in five sites altogether recorded 310 palm individuals (92 mature, 150 saplings, and 68 seedlings) (
<bibRefCitation id="003362C80F56FFCD78F4FEDB19E4FEC1" author="Adorador, J. T." box="[1275,1451,302,328]" pageId="8" pageNumber="128" refId="ref7247" refString="Adorador, J. T. (2016) Taxonomy and ecology of palms (Arecaceae) on Samar Island, Philippines. MSc Thesis, University of the Philippines - Los Banos, Philippines, 212 pp." type="book" year="2016">Adorador 2016</bibRefCitation>
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F56FFCD7C87FEA71D06FEE5" box="[136,329,338,364]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="128">unpublished data</emphasis>
). Across the currently known locations of this species, a continuing decline is projected in its area of occupancy, extent and/or quality of habitat, and number of mature individuals. Furthermore, qualitative assessment of the habitat showed extreme fluctuations in its number of mature individuals since extirpation was observed in its local subpopulations on 
<collectingRegion id="A666D1DB0F56FFCD7D51FE4B1DE9FE51" box="[350,422,446,472]" country="Philippines" name="Samar" pageId="8" pageNumber="128">Samar</collectingRegion>
Island due to slash-burn farming and illegal logging; and in northeastern Mindanao due to mining activities.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="2CB84CB20F56FFCD7CB2FDF31849F814" pageId="8" pageNumber="128" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="641D1F390F56FFCD7CB2FDF31C9CFD05" blockId="8.[136,1452,158,1949]" pageId="8" pageNumber="128">
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F56FFCD7CB2FDF31D2BFDA9" bold="true" box="[189,356,518,544]" pageId="8" pageNumber="128">Etymology:—</emphasis>
This slender palm is named after Dr William Sm. Gruezo, a retired Professor of Plant Biology Division, Institute of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the 
<collectingCountry id="1CB55FA90F56FFCD787DFDDF18BFFDCD" box="[1138,1264,554,580]" name="Philippines" pageId="8" pageNumber="128">Philippines</collectingCountry>
Los Baños. This species is dedicated in acknowledgement of Dr Gruezo’s contribution to systematics and conservation of Philippine plants.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="641D1F390F56FFCD7CB2FD631EF4FCC9" blockId="8.[136,1452,158,1949]" pageId="8" pageNumber="128">
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F56FFCD7CB2FD631D69FD39" bold="true" box="[189,294,662,688]" pageId="8" pageNumber="128">Notes:—</emphasis>
The morphological differences of 
<taxonomicName id="A3A264BA0F56FFCD7EBDFD621F3FFD39" authorityName="Adorador &amp; Fernando. Clustering" authorityYear="2020" box="[690,880,663,688]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Pinanga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="8" pageNumber="128" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gruezoi">
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F56FFCD7EBDFD621F3FFD39" box="[690,880,663,688]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="128">Pinanga gruezoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from other Philippine congeners is hypothesized to be indicative of reproductive isolation due to the physical geographic boundaries (see 
<figureCitation id="FC9903BC0F56FFCD7870FD4F18AEFD5D" box="[1151,1249,698,724]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[136,229,1894,1916]" captionTargetBox="[167,1422,196,1862]" captionTargetId="figure-19@4.[151,1436,190,1870]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. The distribution map of Pinanga gruezoi Adorador &amp; Fernando and closely related slender clustering species based on herbarium records.The gray-shaded area approximates the c. 150 meters below sea level bathymetry line which shows several Pleistocene Aggregated Island Complexes (PAIC) (Heaney 1986)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876725" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13876725/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="128">Figure 3</figureCitation>
). Considering the palm’s documented morphological variability across the different forest 
<typeStatus id="BB19A19B0F56FFCD7FA4FD2A1FA9FD70" box="[939,998,735,761]" pageId="8" pageNumber="128">types</typeStatus>
and elevation gradients, and the absence of major barriers across its geographic occurrence, these forms constitute just a single broadly circumscribed species under the biological species concept (
<bibRefCitation id="003362C80F56FFCD7E22FCD31EE0FCC9" author="Mayr, E." box="[557,687,806,832]" pageId="8" pageNumber="128" pagination="17 - 29" refId="ref7791" refString="Mayr, E. (2000) The biological species concept. In: Wheeler, Q. D. &amp; Meier, E. (Eds.) Species concepts and phylogenetic theory: a debate. Columbia University Press, New York, pp. 17 - 29." type="book chapter" year="2000">Mayr 2000</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="641D1F390F56FFCD7CB2FCBF182FFAD5" blockId="8.[136,1452,158,1949]" pageId="8" pageNumber="128">
The new species belongs to a subset of Philippine 
<taxonomicName id="A3A264BA0F56FFCD7EE0FCBE1F01FCED" authorityName="Blume" authorityYear="1838" box="[751,846,843,868]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Pinanga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="8" pageNumber="128" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F56FFCD7EE0FCBE1F01FCED" box="[751,846,843,868]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="128">Pinanga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
characterized by their slender stems (typically up to 
<quantity id="A35AB2DC0F56FFCD7992FCBF1CE5FC00" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="128" unit="cm" value="2.0">2 cm</quantity>
diam.), leaves with few (less than 11) falcate-sigmoid pluricostulate (2‒8-costulate) leaflets, and rather few rachillae (1‒9)—which is herein referred as the Modesta group (
<tableCitation id="29202A820F56FFCD7EECFC671F78FC25" box="[739,823,914,940]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="7.[136,224,543,569]" captionText="TABLE 1. Slender clustering Pinanga of the Philippines. Character traits lifted and updated from Beccari (1907, 1909, 1919a,b) and Fernando (1994)." pageId="8" pageNumber="128">Table 1</tableCitation>
). This functional group includes two solitary-stemmed taxa, 
<taxonomicName id="A3A264BA0F56FFCD7CC8FC421E76FC58" authority="Fernando (1994: 775)" authorityName="Fernando" authorityPageNumber="775" authorityYear="1994" box="[199,569,950,977]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Pinanga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="8" pageNumber="128" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="egregia">
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F56FFCD7CC8FC421D76FC59" box="[199,313,951,976]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="128">P. egregia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="003362C80F56FFCD7D4EFC431E76FC58" author="Fernando, E. S." box="[321,569,950,977]" pageId="8" pageNumber="128" pagination="775 - 784" refId="ref7644" refString="Fernando, E. S. (1994) New species of Pinanga (Palmae: Arecoideae) from Luzon Island, Philippines. Kew Bulletin 49 (4): 775 - 784. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 4118071" type="journal article" year="1994">Fernando (1994: 775)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="A3A264BA0F56FFCD7E7CFC421FB1FC59" authority="Beccari (1919 a: 318)" authorityName="Beccari" authorityPageNumber="318" authorityYear="1919" box="[627,1022,950,976]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Pinanga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="8" pageNumber="128" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="isabelensis">
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F56FFCD7E7CFC421F43FC59" box="[627,780,950,976]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="128">P. isabelensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="003362C80F56FFCD7F1BFC431FB1FC59" author="Beccari, O." box="[788,1022,950,976]" pageId="8" pageNumber="128" pagination="295 - 359" refId="ref7416" refString="Beccari, O. (1919 a) The palms of the Philippine Islands. Philippine Journal of Science (Botany) 14: 295 - 359." type="journal article" year="1919">Beccari (1919a:318)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, and a subgroup of clustering species that includes 
<taxonomicName id="A3A264BA0F56FFCD7D10FC2E1DC0FC7D" authorityName="Adorador &amp; Fernando. Clustering" authorityYear="2020" box="[287,399,987,1012]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Pinanga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="8" pageNumber="128" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gruezoi">
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F56FFCD7D10FC2E1DC0FC7D" box="[287,399,987,1012]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="128">P. gruezoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="A3A264BA0F56FFCD7D91FC2E1F70FC7D" authority="Beccari (1919 a: 319)" authorityName="Beccari" authorityPageNumber="319" authorityYear="1919" box="[414,831,986,1012]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Pinanga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="8" pageNumber="128" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="heterophylla">
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F56FFCD7D91FC2E1E07FC7D" box="[414,584,986,1012]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="128">P. heterophylla</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="003362C80F56FFCD7E40FC2F1F70FC7D" author="Beccari, O." box="[591,831,986,1012]" pageId="8" pageNumber="128" pagination="295 - 359" refId="ref7416" refString="Beccari, O. (1919 a) The palms of the Philippine Islands. Philippine Journal of Science (Botany) 14: 295 - 359." type="journal article" year="1919">Beccari (1919a: 319)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="A3A264BA0F56FFCD7F43FC2E18E0FC7C" authority="Beccari (1907: 225)" authorityName="Beccari" authorityPageNumber="225" authorityYear="1907" box="[844,1199,986,1013]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Pinanga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="8" pageNumber="128" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="modesta">
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F56FFCD7F43FC2E1F8AFC7D" box="[844,965,986,1012]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="128">P. modesta</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="003362C80F56FFCD7FC2FC2F18E0FC7C" author="Beccari, O." box="[973,1199,986,1013]" pageId="8" pageNumber="128" pagination="219 - 240" refId="ref7347" refString="Beccari, O. (1907) Notes on Philippine palms, I. Philippine Journal of Science (Botany) 2: 219 - 240." type="journal article" year="1907">Beccari (1907: 225)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="A3A264BA0F56FFCD78E8FC2E1D25FB91" authority="Beccari (1909: 602)" authorityName="Beccari" authorityPageNumber="602" authorityYear="1909" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Pinanga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="8" pageNumber="128" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="geonomiformis">
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F56FFCD78E8FC2E19E4FC7D" box="[1255,1451,986,1012]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="128">P. geonomiformis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="003362C80F56FFCD7C87FC0B1D25FB91" author="Beccari, O." box="[136,362,1022,1048]" pageId="8" pageNumber="128" pagination="639 - 650" refId="ref7374" refString="Beccari, O. (1909) New or little - known Philippine palms. In: Elmer, A. D. E. (Ed.) Leaflets of Philippine Botany 2 (36): 639 - 650." type="book chapter" year="1909">Beccari (1909: 602)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<taxonomicName id="A3A264BA0F56FFCD7D76FC0A1DA6FB91" authorityName="Adorador &amp; Fernando. Clustering" authorityYear="2020" box="[377,489,1023,1048]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Pinanga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="8" pageNumber="128" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gruezoi">
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F56FFCD7D76FC0A1DA6FB91" box="[377,489,1023,1048]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="128">P. gruezoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is unique among the subset with caespitose stems by a combination of the following characters: typically more coriaceous leaflets (5‒11 per side of rachis) which are glabrous underneath, inflorescence with relatively more rachillae (4–9) but are rather short ((2‒) 
<quantity id="A35AB2DC0F56FFCD7F11FBB31F3EFBE9" box="[798,881,1094,1120]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="128" unit="cm" value="7.5" valueMax="9.0" valueMin="6.0">6‒9 cm</quantity>
) and arching to reflexed, which bear relatively large (up to 1.8 × 
<quantity id="A35AB2DC0F56FFCD7D1CFB9F1D2EFB0D" box="[275,353,1130,1156]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="128" unit="cm" value="0.9">0.9 cm</quantity>
) distichously arranged and closely-set (just 
<quantity id="A35AB2DC0F56FFCD7F5FFB9F1FDEFB0C" box="[848,913,1130,1157]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="128" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
apart) ovoid-ellipsoidal fruits. Among the other members of the group, 
<taxonomicName id="A3A264BA0F56FFCD7D80FB7A1E77FB21" authorityName="Beccari" authorityYear="1919" box="[399,568,1166,1192]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Pinanga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="8" pageNumber="128" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="heterophylla">
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F56FFCD7D80FB7A1E77FB21" box="[399,568,1166,1192]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="128">P. heterophylla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is the most similar to 
<taxonomicName id="A3A264BA0F56FFCD7F3BFB7A1FEBFB21" authorityName="Adorador &amp; Fernando. Clustering" authorityYear="2020" box="[820,932,1167,1192]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Pinanga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="8" pageNumber="128" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gruezoi">
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F56FFCD7F3BFB7A1FEBFB21" box="[820,932,1167,1192]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="128">P. gruezoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but the former has much larger middle leaflet dimension, 3-seriate flowers clusters along the rachillae and narrowly ovoid-ellipsoid fruits. Meanwhile, 
<taxonomicName id="A3A264BA0F56FFCD7915FB4619DDFB45" authorityName="Beccari" authorityYear="1907" box="[1306,1426,1202,1228]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Pinanga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="8" pageNumber="128" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="modesta">
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F56FFCD7915FB4619DDFB45" box="[1306,1426,1202,1228]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="128">P. modesta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is decidedly different from the new species due to its subpapyraceous leaflets which are abaxially subglaucescent, fewer and longer more rigid-straight rachillae and ovoid fruits with conical-acuminate apex that are widely spaced along rachillae. Additionally, 
<taxonomicName id="A3A264BA0F56FFCD7D81FAEA1DB2FAB1" authorityName="Adorador &amp; Fernando. Clustering" authorityYear="2020" box="[398,509,1311,1336]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Pinanga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="8" pageNumber="128" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gruezoi">
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F56FFCD7D81FAEA1DB2FAB1" box="[398,509,1311,1336]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="128">P. gruezoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
superficially resembles 
<taxonomicName id="A3A264BA0F56FFCD7F01FAEA1F9EFAB1" authorityName="Beccari" authorityYear="1909" box="[782,977,1310,1336]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Pinanga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="8" pageNumber="128" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="geonomiformis">
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F56FFCD7F01FAEA1F9EFAB1" box="[782,977,1310,1336]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="128">P. geonomiformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but the latter has fewer leaflets per side of rachis which are thinly papyraceous and an inflorescence which bears only one rachilla.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="641D1F390F56FFCD7CB2FA931E9DF9D1" blockId="8.[136,1452,158,1949]" pageId="8" pageNumber="128">
The above-mentioned shared features of the Modesta group can be used to easily distinguish 
<taxonomicName id="A3A264BA0F56FFCD78F6FA921924FA09" authorityName="Adorador &amp; Fernando. Clustering" authorityYear="2020" box="[1273,1387,1383,1408]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Pinanga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="8" pageNumber="128" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gruezoi">
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F56FFCD78F6FA921924FA09" box="[1273,1387,1383,1408]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="128">P. gruezoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the other known clustering 
<taxonomicName id="A3A264BA0F56FFCD7DC8FA7E1E69FA2D" authorityName="Blume" authorityYear="1838" box="[455,550,1419,1444]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Pinanga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="8" pageNumber="128" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F56FFCD7DC8FA7E1E69FA2D" box="[455,550,1419,1444]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="128">Pinanga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the Philippinensis group, namely 
<taxonomicName id="A3A264BA0F56FFCD7FDBFA7E1915FA2D" authority="Fernando (1994: 49)" authorityName="Fernando" authorityPageNumber="49" authorityYear="1994" box="[980,1370,1418,1444]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Pinanga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="8" pageNumber="128" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sobolifera">
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F56FFCD7FDBFA7E182BFA2D" box="[980,1124,1418,1444]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="128">P. sobolifera</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="003362C80F56FFCD7861FA7F1915FA2D" author="Fernando, E. S." box="[1134,1370,1418,1444]" pageId="8" pageNumber="128" pagination="775 - 784" refId="ref7644" refString="Fernando, E. S. (1994) New species of Pinanga (Palmae: Arecoideae) from Luzon Island, Philippines. Kew Bulletin 49 (4): 775 - 784. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 4118071" type="journal article" year="1994">Fernando (1994: 49)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="A3A264BA0F56FFCD7998FA7E1E47FA41" authority="Beccari (1889: 180)" authorityName="Beccari" authorityPageNumber="180" authorityYear="1889" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Pinanga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="8" pageNumber="128" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="philippinensis">
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F56FFCD7998FA7E1D6AFA41" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="128">P. philippinensis</emphasis>
Beccari (1889: 180)
</taxonomicName>
. These two species contain more (10‒40) ±linear-lanceolate (typically 1 
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F56FFCD7916FA5B1968FA41" bold="true" box="[1305,1319,1454,1480]" pageId="8" pageNumber="128">‒</emphasis>
2-costulate) leaflets per side of the rachis and more number of rachillae (8‒20). 
<taxonomicName id="A3A264BA0F56FFCD7F78FA26184BFA65" authorityName="Fernando" authorityYear="1994" box="[887,1028,1490,1516]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Pinanga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="8" pageNumber="128" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sobolifera">
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F56FFCD7F78FA26184BFA65" box="[887,1028,1490,1516]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="128">P. sobolifera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
deviates further from the new species in its stoloniferous habit and spirally arranged floral clusters along the rachillae. On the other hand, 
<taxonomicName id="A3A264BA0F56FFCD78FDFA0219E4F999" authorityName="Beccari" authorityYear="1889" box="[1266,1451,1526,1552]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Pinanga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="8" pageNumber="128" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="philippinensis">
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F56FFCD78FDFA0219E4F999" box="[1266,1451,1526,1552]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="128">P. philippinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
should not be confused with 
<taxonomicName id="A3A264BA0F56FFCD7DC1F9EE1E71F9BD" authorityName="Adorador &amp; Fernando. Clustering" authorityYear="2020" box="[462,574,1563,1588]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Pinanga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="8" pageNumber="128" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gruezoi">
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F56FFCD7DC1F9EE1E71F9BD" box="[462,574,1563,1588]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="128">P. gruezoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
since the former has conspicuously thicker stem, fibrous leaf sheath margins, and longer rachillae which bear more fruits per side.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="641D1F390F56FFCD7CB2F9971849F814" blockId="8.[136,1452,158,1949]" pageId="8" pageNumber="128">
As observed on 
<collectingRegion id="A666D1DB0F56FFCD7D75F9971D8DF9F5" box="[378,450,1634,1660]" country="Philippines" name="Samar" pageId="8" pageNumber="128">Samar</collectingRegion>
Island, this novel taxon could be found across the three forest formations which could account for their morphological variations. Those populations found on lowland up to lower montane forests and over ultramafic rocks are characterized by 2‒5-costulate leaflets (
<figureCitation id="FC9903BC0F56FFCD7F6EF95F181CF94D" box="[865,1107,1706,1732]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[136,229,1859,1881]" captionTargetBox="[185,1403,185,1826]" captionTargetId="figure-19@2.[141,1447,172,1839]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Pinanga gruezoi Adorador &amp; Fernando. Clustering habit showing variations in density of stems and length of petiole and rachis (A‒C). Leaf disposition and different leaflet costulation: erect (D) or slightly arching with few multi-costulate leaflets (E) or with a number of typically 2-costulate leaflets (F). Infructescence architecture showing variations in rachillae number (G‒I). Localities: Mt. Huraw, San Jose de Buan, Samar (A,D,G = the holotype Adorador 004), Barangay Vigan, Gen.Macarthur, Eastern Samar (B = Adorador 092), Barangay Tenani, Paranas, Samar (C,F,I = from Adorador 053), Sitio Arizona, Barangay Cansolabao, Hinabangan, Samar (E,H = Adorador 008). Scale bar: A = 30 cm, B = 1 m, C = 50 cm, D &amp; E = 15 cm, F = 20 cm, G &amp; H = 6 cm, I = 2 cm. Photos A‒I (Jiro T. Adorador)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876721" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13876721/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="128">Figure 1 A–B &amp; D–E</figureCitation>
) and more number of rachillae (5–8) (
<figureCitation id="FC9903BC0F56FFCD7CDBF93B1D36F961" box="[212,377,1742,1768]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[136,229,1859,1881]" captionTargetBox="[185,1403,185,1826]" captionTargetId="figure-19@2.[141,1447,172,1839]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Pinanga gruezoi Adorador &amp; Fernando. Clustering habit showing variations in density of stems and length of petiole and rachis (A‒C). Leaf disposition and different leaflet costulation: erect (D) or slightly arching with few multi-costulate leaflets (E) or with a number of typically 2-costulate leaflets (F). Infructescence architecture showing variations in rachillae number (G‒I). Localities: Mt. Huraw, San Jose de Buan, Samar (A,D,G = the holotype Adorador 004), Barangay Vigan, Gen.Macarthur, Eastern Samar (B = Adorador 092), Barangay Tenani, Paranas, Samar (C,F,I = from Adorador 053), Sitio Arizona, Barangay Cansolabao, Hinabangan, Samar (E,H = Adorador 008). Scale bar: A = 30 cm, B = 1 m, C = 50 cm, D &amp; E = 15 cm, F = 20 cm, G &amp; H = 6 cm, I = 2 cm. Photos A‒I (Jiro T. Adorador)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876721" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13876721/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="128">Figure 1 G–H</figureCitation>
). Meanwhile, populations found over limestone typically have 2-costulate leaflets (
<figureCitation id="FC9903BC0F56FFCD7926F93B19ECF961" box="[1321,1443,1742,1768]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[136,229,1859,1881]" captionTargetBox="[185,1403,185,1826]" captionTargetId="figure-19@2.[141,1447,172,1839]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Pinanga gruezoi Adorador &amp; Fernando. Clustering habit showing variations in density of stems and length of petiole and rachis (A‒C). Leaf disposition and different leaflet costulation: erect (D) or slightly arching with few multi-costulate leaflets (E) or with a number of typically 2-costulate leaflets (F). Infructescence architecture showing variations in rachillae number (G‒I). Localities: Mt. Huraw, San Jose de Buan, Samar (A,D,G = the holotype Adorador 004), Barangay Vigan, Gen.Macarthur, Eastern Samar (B = Adorador 092), Barangay Tenani, Paranas, Samar (C,F,I = from Adorador 053), Sitio Arizona, Barangay Cansolabao, Hinabangan, Samar (E,H = Adorador 008). Scale bar: A = 30 cm, B = 1 m, C = 50 cm, D &amp; E = 15 cm, F = 20 cm, G &amp; H = 6 cm, I = 2 cm. Photos A‒I (Jiro T. Adorador)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876721" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13876721/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="128">Figure 1 F</figureCitation>
) and few rachillae (
<figureCitation id="FC9903BC0F56FFCD7D55F9071D82F885" box="[346,461,1778,1804]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[136,229,1859,1881]" captionTargetBox="[185,1403,185,1826]" captionTargetId="figure-19@2.[141,1447,172,1839]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Pinanga gruezoi Adorador &amp; Fernando. Clustering habit showing variations in density of stems and length of petiole and rachis (A‒C). Leaf disposition and different leaflet costulation: erect (D) or slightly arching with few multi-costulate leaflets (E) or with a number of typically 2-costulate leaflets (F). Infructescence architecture showing variations in rachillae number (G‒I). Localities: Mt. Huraw, San Jose de Buan, Samar (A,D,G = the holotype Adorador 004), Barangay Vigan, Gen.Macarthur, Eastern Samar (B = Adorador 092), Barangay Tenani, Paranas, Samar (C,F,I = from Adorador 053), Sitio Arizona, Barangay Cansolabao, Hinabangan, Samar (E,H = Adorador 008). Scale bar: A = 30 cm, B = 1 m, C = 50 cm, D &amp; E = 15 cm, F = 20 cm, G &amp; H = 6 cm, I = 2 cm. Photos A‒I (Jiro T. Adorador)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876721" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13876721/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="128">Figure 1 I</figureCitation>
). Moreover, those on lowland and lower montane forests exhibit accentuated reddish to maroon colourations on young vegetative and reproductive axes, much denser ramenta on abaxial folds; characters that are otherwise less demonstrated when found thriving over limestone and serpentine substrates. Within the same clump, saplings can attain longer internodes and leaf axes (petiole, rachis, and leaflets) dimensions (
<figureCitation id="FC9903BC0F56FFCD78F5F8AB1938F8F1" box="[1274,1399,1886,1912]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[136,229,1859,1881]" captionTargetBox="[185,1403,185,1826]" captionTargetId="figure-19@2.[141,1447,172,1839]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Pinanga gruezoi Adorador &amp; Fernando. Clustering habit showing variations in density of stems and length of petiole and rachis (A‒C). Leaf disposition and different leaflet costulation: erect (D) or slightly arching with few multi-costulate leaflets (E) or with a number of typically 2-costulate leaflets (F). Infructescence architecture showing variations in rachillae number (G‒I). Localities: Mt. Huraw, San Jose de Buan, Samar (A,D,G = the holotype Adorador 004), Barangay Vigan, Gen.Macarthur, Eastern Samar (B = Adorador 092), Barangay Tenani, Paranas, Samar (C,F,I = from Adorador 053), Sitio Arizona, Barangay Cansolabao, Hinabangan, Samar (E,H = Adorador 008). Scale bar: A = 30 cm, B = 1 m, C = 50 cm, D &amp; E = 15 cm, F = 20 cm, G &amp; H = 6 cm, I = 2 cm. Photos A‒I (Jiro T. Adorador)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876721" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13876721/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="128">Figure 1 C</figureCitation>
) but will ultimately approach the described dimensions when reproductively mature.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>