176 lines
14 KiB
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176 lines
14 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.38.7609" ID-PMC="PMC4086209" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-38-37" ID-Pensoft-UUID="FFA5FFF84108660AFFB3FFE8DB0EEA0F" ID-PubMed="25009437" ID-Zenodo-Dep="576221" ModsDocID="1314-2003-38-37" checkinTime="1451251736276" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Wagner, Warren L., Clark, John R. & Lorence, David H." docDate="2014" docId="514A0F1EFD4C5FB2743E59B47BA09512" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 38: 37-67" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 38" docPubDate="2014-06-04" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.38.7609" docTitle="Bidens cordifolia Sch. Bip., Flora 39: 36. 1856." docType="treatment" docVersion="6" id="FFA5FFF84108660AFFB3FFE8DB0EEA0F" lastPageNumber="55" masterDocId="FFA5FFF84108660AFFB3FFE8DB0EEA0F" masterDocTitle="Revision of endemic Marquesas Islands Bidens (Asteraceae, Coreopsideae)" masterLastPageNumber="67" masterPageNumber="37" pageNumber="54" updateTime="1668141127548" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Revision of endemic Marquesas Islands Bidens (Asteraceae, Coreopsideae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Wagner, Warren L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Botany, MRC- 166, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, P. O. Box 37012, Washington, DC 20013 - 7012, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">wagnerw@si.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Clark, John R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>National Tropical Botanical Garden, 3530 Papalina Road, Kalaheo, HI 96741 - 9599, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Lorence, David H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>National Tropical Botanical Garden, 3530 Papalina Road, Kalaheo, HI 96741 - 9599, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2014</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2014-06-04</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>38</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>37</mods:start>
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<mods:end>67</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.38.7609</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.38.7609</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-38-37</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">FFA5FFF84108660AFFB3FFE8DB0EEA0F</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">576221</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152025218" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:514A0F1EFD4C5FB2743E59B47BA09512" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/514A0F1EFD4C5FB2743E59B47BA09512" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="55" pageId="17" pageNumber="54">
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<subSubSection pageId="17" pageNumber="54" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="54">
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9.
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<taxonomicName LSID="514A0F1E-FD4C-5FB2-743E-59B47BA09512" authority="Sch. Bip., Flora 39: 36. 1856." authorityName="Sch. Bip., Flora 39: 36. 1856." class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Asteraceae" genus="Bidens" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Bidens cordifolia" order="Campanulales" pageId="17" pageNumber="54" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="cordifolia">Bidens cordifolia Sch. Bip., Flora 39: 36. 1856.</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Bidens beckiana (F. Br.) Sherff (A-B). A Distal part of plant B Head post-flowering showing involucral bracts and apex of achenes. Drawn from Florence 9368 (US) [A] and Perlman 10064 (US) [B]. Bidens cordifolia Sch. Bip. (C-D). C Distal part of plant D Head post-flowering showing involucral bracts. Drawn from Wood & Perlman 4600 (US). Bidens polycephala Sch. Bip. (E-F). E Distal part of plant F Head post-flowering showing involucral bracts and apex of achenes. Drawn from Perlman 15878 (US). Image from field shots used to augment illustration of Wood 10504." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10675" pageId="17" pageNumber="54">Figure 3C-D</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="17" pageNumber="54" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="54">
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<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Asteraceae" genus="Coreopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Campanulales" pageId="17" pageNumber="54" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="cordifolia">Coreopsis cordifolia</taxonomicName>
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(Sch. Bip.) Drake, Ill. Fl. Ins. Mar. Pac.: 208. 1890.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="54">
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Campylotheca" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Asterales" pageId="17" pageNumber="54" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cordifolia">Campylotheca cordifolia</taxonomicName>
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(Sch. Bip.) F. Br., Bernice P. Bishop Mus. Bull. 130: 357. 1935.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="17" pageNumber="54" type="type">
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="54">Type.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="54">Marquesas Islands. Nuku Hiva, D.E.S.A. Jardin 199 (holotype: P).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="18" pageNumber="55" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="55">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="18" pageNumber="55" start="start">Description</pageBreakToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="55">
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Erect subshrubs 0.4-1 m tall; young stems and leaves moderately to densely pubescent. Leaves simple or compound and trifoliolate, 6-16 cm long including petiole, blade elliptic to elliptic-lanceolate, 4-9
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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2-4.8 cm, moderately pubescent, especially on lower surface, midrib, veins, and in a line along the petiole, margins serrate, apex acuminate to caudate. Heads usually 5, in cymes terminating main stem and lateral branches, 5-10 mm in diameter excluding rays, peduncles 1.5-4 cm long, sparsely pubescent, hair becoming denser near the heads; outer involucral bracts 5-9 mm long, oblong-elliptic, spreading, well differentiated from inner bracts, moderately to sparsely ciliate; ray florets usually 6-13 per head, sterile, rays yellow, ca. 15
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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4 mm; disk florets ca. 30, perfect. Achenes black, straight, ca. 3
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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0.5 mm, margins setose; pappus usually of 2-3 irregular antrorse barbed awns.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="18" pageNumber="55" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="55">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="55">Marquesas Islands, occurring only in a relative small area of the Toovii Plateau on Nuku Hiva, from 750-1130 m.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="18" pageNumber="55" type="habitat">
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="55">Habitat.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="55">
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<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Asteraceae" genus="Bidens" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Campanulales" pageId="18" pageNumber="55" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="cordifolia">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="55">Bidens cordifolia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is known from montane wet shrubland or low forest with
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Metrosideros" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Myrtales" pageId="18" pageNumber="55" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="collina">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="55">Metrosideros collina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cunoniaceae" genus="Weinmannia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Oxalidales" pageId="18" pageNumber="55" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="marquesan">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="55">Weinmannia marquesan</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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a with fern understory along with other shrubs and trees such as species of
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<taxonomicName class="Rosopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Coprosma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Gentianales" pageId="18" pageNumber="55" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="55">Coprosma</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhizophoraceae" genus="Crossostylis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Malpighiales" pageId="18" pageNumber="55" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="55">Crossostylis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Cyrtandra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Tubiflorae" pageId="18" pageNumber="55" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="55">Cyrtandra</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Filicopsida" family="Gleicheniaceae" genus="Dicranopteris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Gleicheniales" pageId="18" pageNumber="55" phylum="Pteridophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="55">Dicranopteris</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Loganiaceae" genus="Geniostoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Gentianales" pageId="18" pageNumber="55" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="55">Geniostoma</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Myrsinaceae" genus="Myrsine" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Primulales" pageId="18" pageNumber="55" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="55">Myrsine</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="18" pageNumber="55" type="conservation status">
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="55">Conservation status.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="55">
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Proposed IUCN Red List Category
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="55">Critically Endangered</emphasis>
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(CR), criteria B1ab, B2a,b (i-iii): B1, total extent of occurrence less than 100 km² (less than 10 km²); a,b, known from a single location; B2a, area of occupancy estimated to be less than 10 km²; B2b (i-iii), habitat continuing decline inferred. The suitable habitat for
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<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Asteraceae" genus="Bidens" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Campanulales" pageId="18" pageNumber="55" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="cordifolia">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="55">Bidens cordifolia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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on Nuku Huka (ca. 340 km²) is indicated as an endangered environment, threatened by human activity (deforestation, fire), feral animals (goats), and invasive plants, thus reducing the extent of the forest.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="18" pageNumber="55" type="specimens examined">
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="55">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="55">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="55">Marquesas Islands.</emphasis>
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="55">Nuku Hiva:</emphasis>
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Toovii and road from Taiohae Bay to Toovii, 750 m, 3 Aug 1988, Wagner & Lorence 6258 (BISH, US); Toovii, Ooumu area, top of Tapueahu Valley off new hwy, 1067-1128 m, 8°51"S/140°19"W, 20-22 Sep 1995, Wood & Perlman 4600 (BISH, P, PAP, PTBG, US).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="18" pageNumber="55" type="discussion">
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="55">Discussion.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="55">
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<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Asteraceae" genus="Bidens" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Campanulales" pageId="18" pageNumber="55" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="cordifolia">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="55">Bidens cordifolia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is one of the least known species of
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<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Asteraceae" genus="Bidens" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Campanulales" pageId="18" pageNumber="55" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="55">Bidens</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in the Marquesas Islands. We have seen only two collections we refer to this species as well as images taken by
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Jean-François">Jean-Francois</normalizedToken>
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Butaud in 2008 and 2009 of additional populations. In addition to these collections and observations this species was only known from the type and a collection made in 1840 (Barclay 3213, BM) as cited by
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<bibRefCitation author="Sherff, EE" journalOrPublisher="Publications of Field Museum of Natural History, Botanical Series" pageId="21" pageNumber="58" pagination="1 - 709" refId="B13" refString="Sherff, EE, 1937. The genus Bidens. Publications of Field Museum of Natural History, Botanical Series 16: 1 - 709" title="The genus Bidens." volume="16" year="1937">Sherff (1937)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |