298 lines
43 KiB
XML
298 lines
43 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="10.37520/fi.2022.016" ID-ISSN="2533-4069" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7522801" approvalRequired="105" approvalRequired_for_taxonomicNames="25" approvalRequired_for_textStreams="59" approvalRequired_for_treatments="21" checkinTime="1673382488781" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Friis, Else Marie, Crane, Peter R., Pedersen, Kaj Raunsgaard, Mendes, Mário Miguel & Kvaček, Jiří" docDate="2022" docId="03FD87F2FFF5FFE4FF15F96BC3ADFC4D" docLanguage="en" docName="FossilImprint.78.2.341-424.pdf" docOrigin="Fossil Imprint 78 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.37520/fi.2022.016" docStyle="DocumentStyle:0EC54BF35E227CA4627F894F6BA30634.2:FossilImprint.2016-.journal_article" docStyleId="0EC54BF35E227CA4627F894F6BA30634" docStyleName="FossilImprint.2016-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Canrightiopsis crassitesta E. M. FRIIS, G. W. GRIMM, M. M. MENDES et K. R. PEDERSEN 2015" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="351" masterDocId="FFC4FF8AFFFDFFEEFFBFFFFFC378FFA6" masterDocTitle="The Early Cretaceous Mesofossil Flora Of Catefica, Portugal: Angiosperms" masterLastPageNumber="424" masterPageNumber="341" pageNumber="349" updateTime="1673383361075" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-ND-3.0">
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<mods:title>The Early Cretaceous Mesofossil Flora Of Catefica, Portugal: Angiosperms</mods:title>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Friis, Else Marie</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Crane, Peter R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Pedersen, Kaj Raunsgaard</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Mendes, Mário Miguel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Kvaček, Jiří</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title>Fossil Imprint</mods:title>
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<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number>2022-12-20</mods:number>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>78</mods:number>
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<mods:start>341</mods:start>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.37520/fi.2022.016</mods:url>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.37520/fi.2022.016</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISSN">2533-4069</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">7522801</mods:identifier>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FD87F2FFF5FFE4FF15F96BC3ADFC4D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FD87F2FFF5FFE4FF15F96BC3ADFC4D" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="351" pageId="8" pageNumber="349">
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<paragraph blockId="8.[170,726,1684,1740]" pageId="8" pageNumber="349">
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<heading centered="true" fontSize="8" level="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="349" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName authority="E. M. FRIIS, G. W. GRIMM, M. M. MENDES et K. R. PEDERSEN, 2015" authorityName="E. M. FRIIS, G. W. GRIMM, M. M. MENDES et K. R. PEDERSEN" authorityYear="2015" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Canrightiopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="8" pageNumber="349" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="crassitesta">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="349">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[170,453,1684,1708]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="349">Canrightiopsis crassitesta</emphasis>
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E.M.FRIIS, G.W.GRIMM, M.M.MENDES et K.R.PEDERSEN, 2015
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="8.[347,548,1748,1772]" box="[347,548,1748,1772]" pageId="8" pageNumber="349">
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<figureCitation box="[347,548,1748,1772]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="11.[125,206,1852,1873]" captionTargetBox="[126,1440,151,1837]" captionTargetId="figure-2@11.[122,1443,148,1840]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Text-fig. 6. Scanning electron microscope (SEM, a, g, h) and synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM, b–f) images of fruits and pollen grains of Canrightiopsis crassitesta (a–c, g, h) and fruit of Canrightiopsis intermedia (d–f); Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Dorsal view of fruit showing rim of hypanthium (arrowheads); b) Surface rendering of longitudinal section in the median plane of fruit (cut between orthoslices yz0440-0510) showing the thin fruit wall, thick endotesta of the seed coat (en, dark blue) and the orthotropous, pendent seed with the chalaza (ch) near the fruit apex and the micropyle (mi) at the fruit base; note the tiny embryo (emb) adjacent to the micropyle at the base of the fruit; c) Longitudinal section (orthoslice xz0511) through the seed wall showing the thick, finely crystalliferous endotesta (en) surrounding the nutritive tissue of the seed; d) Surface rendering of fruit in dorsal view showing rim of the hypanthium (arrowheads) and apical stigmatic region (st); e) Surface rendering of" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522813" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522813/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="349">Text-fig. 6a–c, g, h</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="351" pageId="8" pageNumber="349" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="8.[129,768,1795,1947]" lastBlockId="8.[843,1482,151,859]" pageId="8" pageNumber="349">
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D e s c r i p t i o n a n d r e m a r k s.
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<taxonomicName authorityName="E. M. FRIIS, G. W. GRIMM, M. M. MENDES et K. R. PEDERSEN" authorityYear="2015" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Canrightiopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="8" pageNumber="349" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="crassitesta">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="349">Canrightiopsis crassitesta</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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was established based on fruits, seeds and adhering pollen from the Catefica mesofossil flora (
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<bibRefCitation author="Friis, E. M. & Grimm, G. W. & Mendes, M. M. & Pedersen, K. R." pageId="8" pageNumber="349" pagination="184 - 212" refId="ref56303" refString="Friis, E. M., Grimm, G. W., Mendes, M. M., Pedersen, K. R. (2015 a): Canrightiopsis, a new Early Cretaceous fossil with Clavatipollenites - type pollen bridge the gap between extinct Canrightia and extant Chloranthaceae. - Grana, 54: 184 - 212. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00173134.2015.1060750" type="journal article" year="2015">Friis et al. 2015a</bibRefCitation>
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). The fruits are elliptical to spherical in outline and are interpreted as berries with a single seed (
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<figureCitation box="[632,859,151,1947]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="11.[125,206,1852,1873]" captionTargetBox="[126,1440,151,1837]" captionTargetId="figure-2@11.[122,1443,148,1840]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Text-fig. 6. Scanning electron microscope (SEM, a, g, h) and synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM, b–f) images of fruits and pollen grains of Canrightiopsis crassitesta (a–c, g, h) and fruit of Canrightiopsis intermedia (d–f); Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Dorsal view of fruit showing rim of hypanthium (arrowheads); b) Surface rendering of longitudinal section in the median plane of fruit (cut between orthoslices yz0440-0510) showing the thin fruit wall, thick endotesta of the seed coat (en, dark blue) and the orthotropous, pendent seed with the chalaza (ch) near the fruit apex and the micropyle (mi) at the fruit base; note the tiny embryo (emb) adjacent to the micropyle at the base of the fruit; c) Longitudinal section (orthoslice xz0511) through the seed wall showing the thick, finely crystalliferous endotesta (en) surrounding the nutritive tissue of the seed; d) Surface rendering of fruit in dorsal view showing rim of the hypanthium (arrowheads) and apical stigmatic region (st); e) Surface rendering of" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522813" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522813/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="349">Text-fig. 6a, b</figureCitation>
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). They are derived from bisexual flowers and remains of a hypanthium, as well as scars from stamens, are present on the probable abaxial face of the fruit, about one third to two thirds of the distance from the base (
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<figureCitation box="[1308,1469,249,273]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="11.[125,206,1852,1873]" captionTargetBox="[126,1440,151,1837]" captionTargetId="figure-2@11.[122,1443,148,1840]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Text-fig. 6. Scanning electron microscope (SEM, a, g, h) and synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM, b–f) images of fruits and pollen grains of Canrightiopsis crassitesta (a–c, g, h) and fruit of Canrightiopsis intermedia (d–f); Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Dorsal view of fruit showing rim of hypanthium (arrowheads); b) Surface rendering of longitudinal section in the median plane of fruit (cut between orthoslices yz0440-0510) showing the thin fruit wall, thick endotesta of the seed coat (en, dark blue) and the orthotropous, pendent seed with the chalaza (ch) near the fruit apex and the micropyle (mi) at the fruit base; note the tiny embryo (emb) adjacent to the micropyle at the base of the fruit; c) Longitudinal section (orthoslice xz0511) through the seed wall showing the thick, finely crystalliferous endotesta (en) surrounding the nutritive tissue of the seed; d) Surface rendering of fruit in dorsal view showing rim of the hypanthium (arrowheads) and apical stigmatic region (st); e) Surface rendering of" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522813" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522813/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="349">Text-fig. 6a, d</figureCitation>
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). The seeds are orthotropous, pendent and endotestal with a distinct, thick and finely crystalliferous endotesta (Textfig. 6b, c). The outer surface of endotesta is characterized by relatively large pits arranged in longitudinal rows that are also visible where the fruit wall is compressed or poorly preserved (
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<figureCitation box="[958,1084,444,468]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="11.[125,206,1852,1873]" captionTargetBox="[126,1440,151,1837]" captionTargetId="figure-2@11.[122,1443,148,1840]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Text-fig. 6. Scanning electron microscope (SEM, a, g, h) and synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM, b–f) images of fruits and pollen grains of Canrightiopsis crassitesta (a–c, g, h) and fruit of Canrightiopsis intermedia (d–f); Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Dorsal view of fruit showing rim of hypanthium (arrowheads); b) Surface rendering of longitudinal section in the median plane of fruit (cut between orthoslices yz0440-0510) showing the thin fruit wall, thick endotesta of the seed coat (en, dark blue) and the orthotropous, pendent seed with the chalaza (ch) near the fruit apex and the micropyle (mi) at the fruit base; note the tiny embryo (emb) adjacent to the micropyle at the base of the fruit; c) Longitudinal section (orthoslice xz0511) through the seed wall showing the thick, finely crystalliferous endotesta (en) surrounding the nutritive tissue of the seed; d) Surface rendering of fruit in dorsal view showing rim of the hypanthium (arrowheads) and apical stigmatic region (st); e) Surface rendering of" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522813" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522813/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="349">Text-fig. 6a</figureCitation>
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). The tegmen is three cell layers thick. In some specimens, remains of an endothelium are seen as slightly elongated cells, but the distinct endothelium seen in other species of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="E. M. FRIIS, G. W. GRIMM, M. M. MENDES et K. R. PEDERSEN and Kvacekispermum E. M. FRIIS, P. R. CRANE et K. R. PEDERSEN" authorityYear="2015" box="[1059,1218,542,566]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Canrightiopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="8" pageNumber="349" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[1059,1218,542,566]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="349">Canrightiopsis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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has not been observed. Pollen grains attached to the fruits are similar to dispersed pollen assigned to the extinct pollen genus
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<taxonomicName authority="COUPER" authorityName="COUPER" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Clavatipollenites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="8" pageNumber="349" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[1299,1481,607,631]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="349">Clavatipollenites</emphasis>
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COUPER
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<figureCitation box="[936,1090,640,664]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="11.[125,206,1852,1873]" captionTargetBox="[126,1440,151,1837]" captionTargetId="figure-2@11.[122,1443,148,1840]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Text-fig. 6. Scanning electron microscope (SEM, a, g, h) and synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM, b–f) images of fruits and pollen grains of Canrightiopsis crassitesta (a–c, g, h) and fruit of Canrightiopsis intermedia (d–f); Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Dorsal view of fruit showing rim of hypanthium (arrowheads); b) Surface rendering of longitudinal section in the median plane of fruit (cut between orthoslices yz0440-0510) showing the thin fruit wall, thick endotesta of the seed coat (en, dark blue) and the orthotropous, pendent seed with the chalaza (ch) near the fruit apex and the micropyle (mi) at the fruit base; note the tiny embryo (emb) adjacent to the micropyle at the base of the fruit; c) Longitudinal section (orthoslice xz0511) through the seed wall showing the thick, finely crystalliferous endotesta (en) surrounding the nutritive tissue of the seed; d) Surface rendering of fruit in dorsal view showing rim of the hypanthium (arrowheads) and apical stigmatic region (st); e) Surface rendering of" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522813" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522813/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="349">
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Text-fig.
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<quantity box="[1036,1064,640,664]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="6.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="349" unit="g" value="6.0">6g</quantity>
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, h
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</figureCitation>
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). Grains are 12–14 µm in equatorial diameter, monocolpate, semitectate-reticulate with a long, extended colpus with an irregular margin. The reticulum is composed of narrow, beaded muri supported by long, scattered columellae (
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<figureCitation box="[1097,1275,770,794]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="11.[125,206,1852,1873]" captionTargetBox="[126,1440,151,1837]" captionTargetId="figure-2@11.[122,1443,148,1840]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Text-fig. 6. Scanning electron microscope (SEM, a, g, h) and synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM, b–f) images of fruits and pollen grains of Canrightiopsis crassitesta (a–c, g, h) and fruit of Canrightiopsis intermedia (d–f); Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Dorsal view of fruit showing rim of hypanthium (arrowheads); b) Surface rendering of longitudinal section in the median plane of fruit (cut between orthoslices yz0440-0510) showing the thin fruit wall, thick endotesta of the seed coat (en, dark blue) and the orthotropous, pendent seed with the chalaza (ch) near the fruit apex and the micropyle (mi) at the fruit base; note the tiny embryo (emb) adjacent to the micropyle at the base of the fruit; c) Longitudinal section (orthoslice xz0511) through the seed wall showing the thick, finely crystalliferous endotesta (en) surrounding the nutritive tissue of the seed; d) Surface rendering of fruit in dorsal view showing rim of the hypanthium (arrowheads) and apical stigmatic region (st); e) Surface rendering of" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522813" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522813/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="349">
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Text-fig.
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<quantity box="[1208,1236,770,794]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="6.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="349" unit="g" value="6.0">6g</quantity>
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, h
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</figureCitation>
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). The embryo is minute and surrounded by a nutritive tissue of thin-walled, isodiametric cells (
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<figureCitation box="[1044,1197,835,859]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="11.[125,206,1852,1873]" captionTargetBox="[126,1440,151,1837]" captionTargetId="figure-2@11.[122,1443,148,1840]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Text-fig. 6. Scanning electron microscope (SEM, a, g, h) and synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM, b–f) images of fruits and pollen grains of Canrightiopsis crassitesta (a–c, g, h) and fruit of Canrightiopsis intermedia (d–f); Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Dorsal view of fruit showing rim of hypanthium (arrowheads); b) Surface rendering of longitudinal section in the median plane of fruit (cut between orthoslices yz0440-0510) showing the thin fruit wall, thick endotesta of the seed coat (en, dark blue) and the orthotropous, pendent seed with the chalaza (ch) near the fruit apex and the micropyle (mi) at the fruit base; note the tiny embryo (emb) adjacent to the micropyle at the base of the fruit; c) Longitudinal section (orthoslice xz0511) through the seed wall showing the thick, finely crystalliferous endotesta (en) surrounding the nutritive tissue of the seed; d) Surface rendering of fruit in dorsal view showing rim of the hypanthium (arrowheads) and apical stigmatic region (st); e) Surface rendering of" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522813" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522813/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="349">Text-fig. 6b, c</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="8.[843,1482,883,1949]" pageId="8" pageNumber="349">
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A f f i n i t y a n d o t h e r o c c u r r e n c e s. Analysis of the phylogenetic relationships of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="E. M. FRIIS, G. W. GRIMM, M. M. MENDES et K. R. PEDERSEN and Kvacekispermum E. M. FRIIS, P. R. CRANE et K. R. PEDERSEN" authorityYear="2015" box="[1243,1402,915,939]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Canrightiopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="8" pageNumber="349" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[1243,1402,915,939]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="349">Canrightiopsis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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placed the genus in the
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Friis and Pedersen" baseAuthorityYear="2011" box="[1040,1206,948,972]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="8" pageNumber="349" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Chloranthaceae</taxonomicName>
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as part of the
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<taxonomicName authority="J. R. FORST. et G. FORST." authorityName="J. R. FORST. et G. FORST." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Ascarina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="8" pageNumber="349" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis box="[1385,1481,948,971]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="349">Ascarina</emphasis>
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J.R.FORST. et G.FORST.
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</taxonomicName>
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-
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<taxonomicName box="[1113,1225,980,1004]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Sarcandra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="8" pageNumber="349" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[1113,1225,980,1004]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="349">Sarcandra</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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GARDNER-
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<taxonomicName authority="SW." authorityName="SW." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Chloranthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="8" pageNumber="349" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[1348,1481,980,1004]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="349">Chloranthus</emphasis>
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SW.
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</taxonomicName>
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clade, particularly close to
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<taxonomicName box="[1182,1294,1013,1037]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Sarcandra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="8" pageNumber="349" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[1182,1294,1013,1037]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="349">Sarcandra</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName authority="(Friis et al. 2015 a)" baseAuthorityName="Friis" baseAuthorityYear="2015" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Chloranthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="8" pageNumber="349" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[1348,1481,1013,1037]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="349">Chloranthus</emphasis>
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(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Friis, E. M. & Grimm, G. W. & Mendes, M. M. & Pedersen, K. R." box="[850,1038,1045,1069]" pageId="8" pageNumber="349" pagination="184 - 212" refId="ref56303" refString="Friis, E. M., Grimm, G. W., Mendes, M. M., Pedersen, K. R. (2015 a): Canrightiopsis, a new Early Cretaceous fossil with Clavatipollenites - type pollen bridge the gap between extinct Canrightia and extant Chloranthaceae. - Grana, 54: 184 - 212. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00173134.2015.1060750" type="journal article" year="2015">Friis et al. 2015a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, a result also supported by a subsequent analysis (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Doyle, J. A. & Endress, P. K." box="[943,1210,1078,1102]" pageId="8" pageNumber="349" pagination="156 - 202" refId="ref54160" refString="Doyle, J. A., Endress, P. K. (2018): Phylogenetic analyses of Cretaceous fossils related to Chloranthaceae and their evolutionary implications. - The Botanical Review, 84: 156 - 202. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 12229 - 018 - 9197 - 6" type="journal article" year="2018">Doyle and Endress 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="8.[843,1482,883,1949]" pageId="8" pageNumber="349">
|
||
Fruits and seeds of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="E. M. FRIIS, G. W. GRIMM, M. M. MENDES et K. R. PEDERSEN and Kvacekispermum E. M. FRIIS, P. R. CRANE et K. R. PEDERSEN" authorityYear="2015" box="[1090,1249,1111,1135]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Canrightiopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="8" pageNumber="349" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1090,1249,1111,1135]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="349">Canrightiopsis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are common in Early Cretaceous mesofossil floras from
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[1245,1339,1143,1167]" name="Portugal" pageId="8" pageNumber="349">Portugal</collectingCountry>
|
||
. In addition to
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="E. M. FRIIS, G. W. GRIMM, M. M. MENDES et K. R. PEDERSEN" authorityYear="2015" box="[874,1023,1176,1199]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Canrightiopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="8" pageNumber="349" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="crassitesta">
|
||
<emphasis box="[874,892,1176,1199]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="349">C</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[909,1023,1176,1199]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="349">crassitesta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, two other species have been recognized including
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="E. M. FRIIS, G. W. GRIMM, M. M. MENDES et K. R. PEDERSEN, Catanthus" authorityYear="2015" box="[947,1091,1208,1232]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Canrightiopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="8" pageNumber="349" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="intermedia">
|
||
<emphasis box="[947,965,1209,1232]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="349">C</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[975,1091,1208,1232]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="349">intermedia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="E. M. FRIIS, G. W. GRIMM, M. M. MENDES et K. R. PEDERSEN. Only" authorityName="E. M. FRIIS, G. W. GRIMM, M. M. MENDES et K. R. PEDERSEN. Only" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Canrightiopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="8" pageNumber="349" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dinisii">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1136,1154,1209,1232]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="349">C</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[1165,1232,1208,1232]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="349">dinisii</emphasis>
|
||
E.M.FRIIS, G.W.GRIMM, M.M.MENDES et K.R.PEDERSEN. Only
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="E. M. FRIIS, G. W. GRIMM, M. M. MENDES et K. R. PEDERSEN" authorityYear="2015" box="[1275,1428,1241,1264]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Canrightiopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="8" pageNumber="349" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="crassitesta">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1275,1293,1241,1264]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="349">C</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[1314,1428,1241,1264]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="349">crassitesta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="E. M. FRIIS, G. W. GRIMM, M. M. MENDES et K. R. PEDERSEN, Catanthus" authorityYear="2015" box="[843,993,1273,1297]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Canrightiopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="8" pageNumber="349" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="intermedia">
|
||
<emphasis box="[843,861,1274,1297]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="349">C</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[877,993,1273,1297]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="349">intermedia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are present in the Catefica mesofossil flora.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="E. M. FRIIS, G. W. GRIMM, M. M. MENDES et K. R. PEDERSEN" authorityYear="2015" box="[843,993,1306,1330]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Canrightiopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="8" pageNumber="349" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="crassitesta">
|
||
<emphasis box="[843,861,1306,1329]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="349">C</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[879,993,1307,1330]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="349">crassitesta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="E. M. FRIIS, G. W. GRIMM, M. M. MENDES et K. R. PEDERSEN, Catanthus" authorityYear="2015" box="[1253,1406,1306,1330]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Canrightiopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="8" pageNumber="349" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="intermedia">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1253,1271,1306,1329]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="349">C</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[1290,1406,1306,1330]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="349">intermedia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by its much thicker endotesta, but the two species are similar in fruit morphology and without internal details, the fossils are difficult to separate. All
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="E. M. FRIIS, G. W. GRIMM, M. M. MENDES et K. R. PEDERSEN and Kvacekispermum E. M. FRIIS, P. R. CRANE et K. R. PEDERSEN" authorityYear="2015" box="[1194,1353,1404,1428]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Canrightiopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="8" pageNumber="349" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1194,1353,1404,1428]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="349">Canrightiopsis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimens from Catefica studied using SEM are typical
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="E. M. FRIIS, G. W. GRIMM, M. M. MENDES et K. R. PEDERSEN" authorityYear="2015" box="[1329,1475,1437,1460]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Canrightiopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="8" pageNumber="349" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="crassitesta">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1329,1347,1437,1460]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="349">C</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[1361,1475,1437,1460]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="349">crassitesta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, while only
|
||
<specimenCount box="[967,1115,1469,1493]" pageId="8" pageNumber="349" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
is a distinct
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="E. M. FRIIS, G. W. GRIMM, M. M. MENDES et K. R. PEDERSEN, Catanthus" authorityYear="2015" box="[1257,1406,1469,1493]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Canrightiopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="8" pageNumber="349" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="intermedia">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1257,1275,1469,1492]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="349">C</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[1290,1406,1469,1493]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="349">intermedia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Other specimens from Catefica for which internal features are unknown are referred to as
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1151,1350,1534,1558]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Canrightiopsis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="8" pageNumber="349" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1151,1310,1534,1558]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="349">Canrightiopsis</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Friis, E. M. & Grimm, G. W. & Mendes, M. M. & Pedersen, K. R." pageId="8" pageNumber="349" pagination="184 - 212" refId="ref56303" refString="Friis, E. M., Grimm, G. W., Mendes, M. M., Pedersen, K. R. (2015 a): Canrightiopsis, a new Early Cretaceous fossil with Clavatipollenites - type pollen bridge the gap between extinct Canrightia and extant Chloranthaceae. - Grana, 54: 184 - 212. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00173134.2015.1060750" type="journal article" year="2015">Friis et al. 2015a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="8.[843,1482,883,1949]" pageId="8" pageNumber="349">
|
||
Fruits and seeds of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="E. M. FRIIS, G. W. GRIMM, M. M. MENDES et K. R. PEDERSEN and Kvacekispermum E. M. FRIIS, P. R. CRANE et K. R. PEDERSEN" authorityYear="2015" box="[1132,1291,1599,1623]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Canrightiopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="8" pageNumber="349" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1132,1291,1599,1623]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="349">Canrightiopsis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are particularly common in the mesofossil flora from Famalicão, but are also reported from the Arazede, Buarcos, Chicalhão,
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[1403,1450,1664,1688]" country="Switzerland" name="Valais" pageId="8" pageNumber="349">Vale</collectingRegion>
|
||
de Água and Vila Verde mesofossil floras (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Friis, E. M. & Grimm, G. W. & Mendes, M. M. & Pedersen, K. R." box="[1279,1470,1696,1721]" pageId="8" pageNumber="349" pagination="184 - 212" refId="ref56303" refString="Friis, E. M., Grimm, G. W., Mendes, M. M., Pedersen, K. R. (2015 a): Canrightiopsis, a new Early Cretaceous fossil with Clavatipollenites - type pollen bridge the gap between extinct Canrightia and extant Chloranthaceae. - Grana, 54: 184 - 212. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00173134.2015.1060750" type="journal article" year="2015">Friis et al. 2015a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Currently
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="E. M. FRIIS, G. W. GRIMM, M. M. MENDES et K. R. PEDERSEN" authorityYear="2015" box="[954,1102,1730,1753]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Canrightiopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="8" pageNumber="349" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="crassitesta">
|
||
<emphasis box="[954,972,1730,1753]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="349">C</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[988,1102,1730,1753]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="349">crassitesta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is reported only from the Catefica mesofossil flora.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="8.[843,1482,883,1949]" lastBlockId="8.[147,1463,2019,2099]" pageId="8" pageNumber="349">
|
||
Pollen grains found on fruits of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="E. M. FRIIS, G. W. GRIMM, M. M. MENDES et K. R. PEDERSEN" authorityYear="2015" box="[1205,1482,1794,1818]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Canrightiopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="8" pageNumber="349" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="crassitesta">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1205,1482,1794,1818]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="349">Canrightiopsis crassitesta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are similar in size and general morphology to those found in situ in isolated stamens and inflorescence fragments from Catefica with
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1000,1182,1892,1916]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Clavatipollenites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="8" pageNumber="349" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1000,1182,1892,1916]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="349">Clavatipollenites</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-type pollen (
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart-0="Text-fig" captionStart-1="Text-fig" captionStart-2="Text-fig" captionStart-3="Text-fig" captionStartId-0="18.[147,226,1475,1496]" captionStartId-1="19.[125,206,1653,1674]" captionStartId-2="20.[148,228,1245,1266]" captionStartId-3="21.[125,206,1031,1052]" captionTargetBox-0="[148,1462,151,1459]" captionTargetBox-1="[125,1440,151,1637]" captionTargetBox-2="[148,1462,152,1230]" captionTargetBox-3="[125,1440,151,1015]" captionTargetId-0="figure-186@18.[145,1466,148,1461]" captionTargetId-1="figure-125@19.[122,1443,149,1641]" captionTargetId-2="figure-356@20.[145,1466,148,1232]" captionTargetId-3="figure-483@21.[122,1443,148,1018]" captionTargetPageId-0="18" captionTargetPageId-1="19" captionTargetPageId-2="20" captionTargetPageId-3="21" captionText-0="Text-fig. 10. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of isolated “Stamen fragment with Clavatipollenites-type pollen sp. 1”; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Fragment of tetrasporangiate stamen with pollen in situ; b) Detail from stamen fragment showing distal and proximal surfaces of in situ pollen grains and tiny orbicules on the inner surface of the anther wall (arrows); c) Pollen grains in distal view showing short colpi with irregular margins and aperture membrane with irregular verrucae; d) Detail of pollen wall showing the semitectate-reticulate tectum and long, scattered columellae supporting the narrow muri with finely verrucate supratectal ornamentation. Specimen, Catefica 50-S170387 (a–d). Scale bars = 600 Μm (a), 20 Μm (b), 6 Μm (c), 1.5 Μm (d)." captionText-1="Text-fig. 11. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of isolated “Stamen fragment with Clavatipollenites-type pollen sp. 2”; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Fragment of tetrasporangiate stamen with pollen in situ; b) Detail from stamen fragment showing distal and proximal surfaces of in situ pollen grains; c) Pollen grain in distal view showing short colpus with irregular margin and aperture membrane covered by irregular verrucae; d) Detail of pollen wall showing tiny spherical orbicules; e) Detail of pollen wall showing the semitectate-reticulate tectum and long, scattered columellae supporting the narrow muri with finely verrucate supratectal ornamentation. Specimen, Catefica 50-S170389 (a–e). Scale bars = 600 Μm (a), 20 Μm (b), 6 Μm (c), 3 Μm (d), 1.5 Μm (e)." captionText-2="Text-fig. 12. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of isolated “Stamen fragment with Clavatipollenites-type pollen sp. 3”; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Stamen fragment with pollen in situ; b, c) Pollen grains showing the semitectate-reticulate pollen wall and folds (c) indicating a possible monocolpate aperture; d) Detail of pollen wall showing the semitectate-reticulate tectum and long, scattered columellae supporting the narrow muri with finely verrucate supratectal ornamentation; e) Detail of pollen wall showing tiny, spherical, finely spiny orbicules. Specimen, Catefica 50-S170449 (a–e). Scale bars = 600 Μm (a), 6 Μm (b, c), 1.5 Μm (d, e)." captionText-3="Text-fig. 13. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of “Staminate inflorescence fragment with Clavatipollenites-type pollen sp. 4”; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Fragment of stamen whorl from staminate inflorescence showing several closely packed, almost sessile stamens that lack a well-developed filament; b, c) Distal and proximal views of pollen grains showing poorly defined aperture with verrucate aperture membrane; d) Detail of pollen wall showing the semitectate-reticulate tectum and long, scattered columellae supporting the narrow muri with finely verrucate supratectal ornamentation. Specimen, Catefica 49-S107782 (a–d). Scale bars = 600 Μm (a), 6 Μm (b, c), 1.5 Μm (d)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522821" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522823" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522825" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522827" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7522821/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7522823/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/7522825/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/7522827/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="349">Text-figs 10– 13</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<tableCitation box="[884,951,1924,1949]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="5.[106,162,152,173]" captionText="Table 1. Chloranthoid taxa recognized in the Catefica mesofossil flora based on inflorescences and flowers as well as isolated fruits, seeds and stamens with pollen characters added for those taxa where pollen are known." pageId="8" pageNumber="349">Tab. 1</tableCitation>
|
||
), but the reticulum of the pollen associated with
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="349">
|
||
xy1485) through fruit in the region of the hypanthium rim showing sections through the two seeds close to the chalazal region; note endotesta (oi-end) surrounded by larger cells of exotesta (oi-o) and fruit wall (fr). Specimen, Catefica 49-S174249 (
|
||
<typeStatus box="[1315,1406,2048,2069]" pageId="8" pageNumber="349">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, a–f). Scale bars = 300 Μm (a–c, e, f), 100 Μm (d).
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522809" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7522809" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522809/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="350" startId="9.[125,206,1696,1717]" targetBox="[127,1440,151,1680]" targetPageId="9">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="9.[125,1441,1696,2069]" pageId="9" pageNumber="350">
|
||
Text-fig. 4. Synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM) images of seeds of
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Friis & Crane & Pedersen & Mendes & Kvaček, 2022" authorityName="Friis & Crane & Pedersen & Mendes & Kvaček" authorityYear="2022" box="[1135,1343,1696,1717]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Canrightia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="9" pageNumber="350" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="foveolata" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1135,1343,1696,1717]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="350">Canrightia foveolata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1352,1435,1696,1717]" pageId="9" pageNumber="350" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
; Catefica locality, Portugal. a–d) Volume renderings of abraded seeds in ventral (a), lateral (b, d) and apical (c) views showing the slightly protruding chalaza (arrows) and dense longitudinal grooves with shallow pits in the surface of the endotesta; e) Transverse section of seed (orthoslice xy0665) showing the irregular grooved surface of the endotesta (oi-en) and the tegmen comprised of two layers of thick-walled cells that surround the cells of the prominent endothelium (asterisk); f) Longitudinal section (orthoslice xz1195) through seed showing the thin-walled endothelium cells (asterisk) surrounded by the thicker cells of the outer tegmen and endotesta; g) Longitudinal section (orthoslice yz0727) through seed showing outlines of angular crystals evenly distributed in cells of the endotesta (oi-en); note the outer epidermis of the tegmen (ii-o) composed of thick-walled cells; h) Longitudinal section (orthoslice xz0940) of seed showing details of the chalazal region with course of the vascular bundle (vb), cells of the prominent endothelium (asterisk), crystalliferous endotesta of the outer integument (oi-en) and the distinct thick walled cells of the outer cells of the tegmen (ii-o); i) Longitudinal and tangential section (orthoslice yz0542) through the endotesta (oi-en) showing the outlines of densely spaced crystals. Specimens, Catefica 242-S175178 (a–c, e–h), Catefica 49-S175179 (d, i). Scale bars = 300 Μm (a–d), 100 Μm (e, f, h, i), 50 Μm (g).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522811" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7522811" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522811/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="351" startId="10.[147,228,767,788]" targetBox="[150,1462,151,751]" targetPageId="10">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="10.[147,1463,767,876]" pageId="10" pageNumber="351">
|
||
Text-fig. 5. Scanning electron microscope images of the seed of
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[793,939,767,788]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Canrightia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="10" pageNumber="351" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[793,901,767,788]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="351">Canrightia</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Seed in ventral view showing the slightly protruding chalaza (ch) at the apex, pointed micropyle (mi) at the base and pitted surface of the endotesta; b) Detail of endotesta surface showing larger pits in longitudinal rows and the finer pits created by crystals in the cells of the endotesta. Specimen, Catefica MM158-P0289 (a, b). Scale bars = 300 Μm (a), 100 Μm (b).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="10.[129,768,947,1003]" pageId="10" pageNumber="351">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="E. M. FRIIS, G. W. GRIMM, M. M. MENDES et K. R. PEDERSEN" authorityYear="2015" box="[129,410,947,971]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Canrightiopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="10" pageNumber="351" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="crassitesta">
|
||
<emphasis box="[129,410,947,971]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="351">Canrightiopsis crassitesta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is more open and the grains are smaller.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |