428 lines
54 KiB
XML
428 lines
54 KiB
XML
<document id="1677C86777CFF46F151A15637F6A0020" ID-DOI="10.1206/0003-0090.444.1.1" ID-ISSN="0003-0090" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5414262" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1630357135215" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Gusmão, Luciana C. & Rodríguez, Estefanía" docDate="2021" docId="03F087F5FF83CD7888BDFAFC7DA0F7BE" docLanguage="en" docName="B444.pdf" docOrigin="Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2021 (444)" docSource="https://bioone.org/journals/bulletin-of-the-american-museum-of-natural-history/volume-444/issue-1/0003-0090.444.1.1/Deep-Sea-Anemones-Cnidaria--Anthozoa--Actiniaria-from-the/10.1206/0003-0090.444.1.1.full" docStyle="DocumentStyle:915933466F796C9C739DF4DB6B8DCFA6.9:BulAmeMusNatHis.2011-.journal_article.1cover.type1" docStyleId="915933466F796C9C739DF4DB6B8DCFA6" docStyleName="BulAmeMusNatHis.2011-.journal_article.1cover.type1" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Hormathia pectinata" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="43" masterDocId="FFC9FF8DFFAACD548817FF99791CF174" masterDocTitle="Deep-Sea Anemones (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Actiniaria) From The South Atlantic" masterLastPageNumber="73" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="41" updateTime="1699245628872" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
|
||
<mods:mods id="F0C30E2D9AD8A853DCBF48DBD6BFD568" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="24D8270D529E44451E577B04645F4F17">
|
||
<mods:title id="3F7A24840377A2B18866922150E9DB4B">Deep-Sea Anemones (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Actiniaria) From The South Atlantic</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="A610490E92635B3B35B628C8E292CA2A" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="346E9A5820555677FC6A1980FDBA4BEA">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="A713FA7F2EECCE4352433E299CDB6A40">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="95DC091FA768D83C883697A433AF475F">Gusmão, Luciana C.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="816E8E5FC4F71AEA81AE6776BDD163B3" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="BBE09B4833A5F9997626825C4D43CAFB">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="C35DDC0BCD815602BDF64811498BD080">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="FBC3D2023FD1022D257C39BA345B7170">Rodríguez, Estefanía</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="928BCC948A5A2041C3F71DB4B4F48BB1">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="BE69814FBB1AF919DDC6FCC3DFB7D6B0" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="7A7614D6810145DBEBDF09CF2B9AF2F3">
|
||
<mods:title id="52E43F72307483F07CA4B2BA4B67F484">Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="D771F9749CBEAE094483ADFB2D078369">
|
||
<mods:date id="CE2FC4ABB9AEA01C5EEDD5FDB53E0CD3">2021</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="4F50399D51027F85729D08806A9486AA" type="pubDate">
|
||
<mods:number id="8908F84B3761BBB2263F0D712651F69F">2021-02-04</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="08B77DAA550E9EFF14E7BDEF0ECC44FA" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="0CF0A81C868CF2BF3BEF41879275E2B5">2021</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="920BE690D1D9EC7FAE223CCDD74D71B3" type="issue">
|
||
<mods:number id="8152271AAD057608325E39D716C5ED10">444</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="A9079B221B3FE4BD55FC6858AA2BC6E4" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="E9C5508235A5603C65B4104720260FF3">1</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="53F9702D4D6F8B74B1D7B75C8FDC0524">73</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:location id="C67FAC37353C7E9B7CF906CF82D54DB6">
|
||
<mods:url id="FD9D086167A2C39FF67FF41D3AA5CC96">https://bioone.org/journals/bulletin-of-the-american-museum-of-natural-history/volume-444/issue-1/0003-0090.444.1.1/Deep-Sea-Anemones-Cnidaria--Anthozoa--Actiniaria-from-the/10.1206/0003-0090.444.1.1.full</mods:url>
|
||
</mods:location>
|
||
<mods:classification id="E7E1B175B146D214AC9B8CC9CBF62643">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="84A20916BD127AAFF3B70A5384880425" type="DOI">10.1206/0003-0090.444.1.1</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="862B64DF6165CDD1DB4F80DC5627AD4E" type="ISSN">0003-0090</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="6FCC40DFD5374BB56AB6903E8CC2C3F4" type="Zenodo-Dep">5414262</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="03F087F5FF83CD7888BDFAFC7DA0F7BE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F087F5FF83CD7888BDFAFC7DA0F7BE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F087F5FF83CD7888BDFAFC7DA0F7BE" lastPageId="44" lastPageNumber="43" pageId="41" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3436568FF83CD7D88BDFAFC7B22F409" box="[170,574,1381,1405]" pageId="41" pageNumber="41" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE636E3FF83CD7D88BDFAFC7B22F409" blockId="41.[170,574,1381,1405]" box="[170,574,1381,1405]" pageId="41" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<heading id="D0AE818FFF83CD7D88BDFAFC7B22F409" box="[170,574,1381,1405]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="41" pageNumber="41" reason="2">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D60FF83CD7D88BDFAFC7B22F409" ID-CoL="3MPFL" authority="(Hertwig, 1882)" baseAuthorityName="Hertwig" baseAuthorityYear="1882" box="[170,574,1381,1405]" class="Anthozoa" family="Hormathiidae" genus="Hormathia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="41" pageNumber="41" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pectinata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEAF1FF83CD7D88BDFAFC7896F409" box="[170,394,1381,1405]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="41">Hormathia pectinata</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC84B12FF83CD7D898FFAFC7B2BF409" author="Hertwig, R." box="[408,567,1381,1405]" pageId="41" pageNumber="41" pagination="1 - 136" refId="ref39469" refString="Hertwig, R. 1882. Report on the Actiniaria dredged by H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873 - 1876. Report on the scientific results of the voyage of H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873 - 76 (Zoology) 6 (1): 1 - 136. London: Printed for H. M. S. O." type="journal article" year="1882">Hertwig, 1882</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3436568FF83CD7D88EBFA0F78F0F4DB" box="[252,492,1430,1455]" pageId="41" pageNumber="41" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE636E3FF83CD7D88EBFA0F78F0F4DB" blockId="41.[252,492,1430,1455]" box="[252,492,1430,1455]" pageId="41" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<heading id="D0AE818FFF83CD7D88EBFA0F78F0F4DB" box="[252,492,1430,1455]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="41" pageNumber="41" reason="2">
|
||
<figureCitation id="13622A66FF83CD7D88EBFA0F788BF4DB" box="[252,407,1430,1455]" captionStart-0="FIG" captionStart-1="FIG" captionStartId-0="43.[109,151,1226,1247]" captionStartId-1="44.[109,151,1158,1179]" captionTargetBox-1="[140,599,224,1126]" captionTargetId-1="figure-488@44.[140,604,224,1129]" captionTargetPageId-1="44" captionText-0="FIG. 17. External and internal anatomy and histology of Hormathia pectinata (Hertwig, 1882). A, Oral view of preserved specimen previously dissected; note the medium-sized tubercles on column; B, longitudinal section through distal column and the short and narrow mesogleal sphincter musculature; C, detail of alveolar arrangement of distal sphincter musculature; D, detail of horizontally stratified alveolar arrangement of proximal sphincter musculature; E, histological longitudinal section through distal column and short, narrow mesogleal sphincter musculature; F, longitudinal section through distal column with slight mesogleal basal aboral thickening of tentacle (arrow); G, longitudinal section through tentacle with ectodermal longitudinal musculature (arrow); H, cross section through column at actinopharynx level with two siphonoglyphs and cycles of mesenteries (numbers); I, cross section through midcolumn showing arrangement of four cycles of mesenteries (numbers); note all mesenteries with filaments; J, cross section through midcolumn with a pair of mesenteries of second cycle with filaments; note the strong, diffuse retractor musculature and thick proximal region of mesenteries with weak parietobasilar musculature; K, cross section through proximal column with a pair of mesenteries of third cycle with filaments; note the weak retractor musculature; L, detail of parietobasilar musculature of second and fourth cycle mesenteries (numbers). Abbreviations: di, directive pair of mesenteries; fi, filaments; pb, parietobasilar musculature; re, retractor musculature; si, siphonoglyph; sp, marginal sphincter musculature; t, tentacle. Scale bars: A, 32 mm; B, 40 mm; C, 0.1 mm; D, G, 0.2 mm; E, 6 mm; F, J, 0.6 mm; H, 16 mm; I, 2 mm; K, 0.4 mm; L, 1 mm." captionText-1="FIG. 18. Cnidom of Hormathia pectinata (Hertwig, 1882): A, B, F, G, I, J, L, M, O, P, basitrich; C, H, K, N, Q, p-mastigophore B1; D, E, spirocyst." figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5414286" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/5414286/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="41">Figures 17–18</figureCitation>
|
||
, table 8
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3436568FF83CD7D889BFA517A9FF5CD" pageId="41" pageNumber="41" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE636E3FF83CD7D889BFA5178E3F7F2" blockId="41.[108,637,1480,1736]" pageId="41" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B313CBEFF83CD7D889BFA517B03F494" box="[140,543,1480,1504]" collectionCode="MATERIAL" pageId="41" pageNumber="41" specimenCode="MNRJ 6759" specimenCount="3">
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED48AE26FF83CD7D889BFA5179E3F494" box="[140,255,1480,1504]" pageId="41" pageNumber="41">MATERIAL</collectionCode>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBFF9E98FF83CD7D8910FA507899F494" box="[263,389,1480,1504]" collectionCode="MNRJ" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/zi1i-a0b5" name="Museu Nacional/Universidade Federal de Rio de Janeiro" pageId="41" pageNumber="41">MNRJ 6759</specimenCode>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D5FFD6AFF83CD7D8984FA517B04F494" box="[403,536,1480,1504]" pageId="41" pageNumber="41" type="generic">3 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B313CBEFF83CD7D8A3FFA5178E7F7F2" collectingDate="2002-07-27" collectionCode="V, RS" collectorName="Projeto Programa Obs & Bordo da Frota Arrendada Obs Doacao de Carlos M. L." country="Brazil" elevation="526" latitude="-33.768333" location="southwestern Atlantic" longLatPrecision="92" longitude="-52.0005" municipality="Bordo da Frota Arrendada Obs Doacao de Carlos" pageId="41" pageNumber="41" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Rio Grande do Sul">
|
||
locality:
|
||
<collectorName id="26AC5335FF83CD7D887BFA707846F775" box="[108,346,1513,1538]" pageId="41" pageNumber="41">Projeto Programa Obs</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26AC5335FF83CD7D8973FA7078BEF756" pageId="41" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6B82AC99FF83CD7D8973FA707879F756" pageId="41" pageNumber="41">Bordo da Frota Arrendada Obs Doação de Carlos</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
M.L.
|
||
</collectorName>
|
||
Silva, CF/
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED48AE26FF83CD7D8A02F9937B34F756" box="[533,552,1546,1570]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="41" pageNumber="41" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
|
||
Kimpo Maru,
|
||
<location id="8E866038FF83CD7D88A2F9B278BDF737" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F087F5FF83CD7888BDFAFC7DA0F7BE:8E866038FF83CD7D88A2F9B278BDF737" box="[181,417,1579,1603]" country="Brazil" latitude="-33.768333" longLatPrecision="92" longitude="-52.0005" municipality="Bordo da Frota Arrendada Obs Doacao de Carlos" name="southwestern Atlantic" pageId="41" pageNumber="41" stateProvince="Rio Grande do Sul">southwestern Atlantic</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34E7673FF83CD7D89BBF9B278F0F737" box="[428,492,1579,1603]" name="Brazil" pageId="41" pageNumber="41">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
, off the coast of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="499DF801FF83CD7D889DF9D57845F710" box="[138,345,1612,1636]" country="Brazil" name="Rio Grande do Sul" pageId="41" pageNumber="41">Rio Grande do Sul</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED48AE26FF83CD7D897EF9D57897F710" box="[361,395,1612,1636]" pageId="41" pageNumber="41">RS</collectionCode>
|
||
),
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE6D5024FF83CD7D89B7F9D57B12F710" box="[416,526,1611,1636]" degrees="33" direction="south" minutes="46.1" orientation="latitude" pageId="41" pageNumber="41" precision="92" value="-33.768333">33°46.1′ S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE6D5024FF83CD7D8A00F9D57999F7F1" degrees="52" direction="west" minutes="00.03" orientation="longitude" pageId="41" pageNumber="41" precision="9" value="-52.0005">52°00.03′ W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, collected on
|
||
<date id="FFE71023FF83CD7D890FF9F77887F7F2" box="[280,411,1645,1670]" pageId="41" pageNumber="41" value="2002-07-27">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFA3E9CBFF83CD7D890FF9F77887F7F2" box="[280,411,1645,1670]" pageId="41" pageNumber="41" value="2002-07-27">27 July 2002</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<quantity id="4CA19B06FF83CD7D89BDF9F478EEF7F2" box="[426,498,1645,1670]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.26" pageId="41" pageNumber="41" unit="m" value="526.0">
|
||
<elevation id="0074D1D0FF83CD7D89BDF9F478EEF7F2" box="[426,498,1645,1670]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.26" pageId="41" pageNumber="41" unit="m" value="526.0">526 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE636E3FF83CD7D889BF9167B60F7BC" blockId="41.[108,637,1480,1736]" pageId="41" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B313CBEFF83CD7D889BF916788EF7BC" collectionCode="MATERIAL" pageId="41" pageNumber="41" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED48AE26FF83CD7D889BF916781EF7D3" box="[140,258,1679,1703]" pageId="41" pageNumber="41">MATERIAL</collectionCode>
|
||
EXAMINED:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D60FF83CD7D898BF91779DCF7BC" authority=": AMNH" authorityName="AMNH" class="Anthozoa" family="Hormathiidae" genus="Hormathia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="41" pageNumber="41" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="armata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEAF1FF83CD7D898BF9177B6AF7D2" box="[412,630,1678,1702]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="41">Hormathia armata</emphasis>
|
||
: AMNH
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
4005 (
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D5FFD6AFF83CD7D891AF9297897F7BC" box="[269,395,1712,1736]" pageId="41" pageNumber="41" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B313CBEFF83CD7D898AF9297B60F7BC" box="[413,636,1712,1736]" collectionCode="XIX" pageId="41" pageNumber="41" specimenCode="XIX/3" specimenCount="1">
|
||
locality: ANT
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBFF9E98FF83CD7D8A2EF9297B60F7BC" box="[569,636,1712,1736]" collectionCode="XIX" pageId="41" pageNumber="41">XIX/3</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE636E3FF83CD7D8ABBFF7B7D49F377" blockId="41.[684,1213,226,1738]" pageId="41" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B313CBEFF83CD7D8ABBFF7B7D4CF00A" collectingDate="2002-02-14" collectionCode="RV" collectorName="Cruise & I Program & Polarstern & Sta. PS" country="Antarctica" elevation="426" latitude="-61.633667" location="Southern Ocean" longLatPrecision="10" longitude="-57.5345" municipality="Drake Passage" pageId="41" pageNumber="41" specimenCount="2">
|
||
<collectorName id="26AC5335FF83CD7D8ABBFF7B7BEAF18E" box="[684,758,226,250]" pageId="41" pageNumber="41">Cruise</collectorName>
|
||
, ANDEEP
|
||
<collectorName id="26AC5335FF83CD7D8B65FF7A7AF9F18F" box="[882,997,227,251]" pageId="41" pageNumber="41">I Program</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED48AE26FF83CD7D8BE7FF7A7D0FF18E" box="[1008,1043,227,250]" country="Italy" name="Collection of Leptospira Strains" pageId="41" pageNumber="41">RV</collectionCode>
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEAF1FF83CD7D8C0DFF7B7D9BF18E" box="[1050,1159,226,250]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<collectorName id="26AC5335FF83CD7D8C0DFF7B7D9BF18E" box="[1050,1159,226,250]" pageId="41" pageNumber="41">Polarstern</collectorName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26AC5335FF83CD7D8C82FF7B7BD0F06F" pageId="41" pageNumber="41">Sta. PS</collectorName>
|
||
61/106–1,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE6D5024FF83CD7D8B2AFE9A7AA5F06F" box="[829,953,258,283]" degrees="61" direction="south" minutes="38.02" orientation="latitude" pageId="41" pageNumber="41" precision="9" value="-61.633667">61°38.02′ S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE6D5024FF83CD7D8BD5FE9A7D57F06F" box="[962,1099,258,283]" degrees="57" direction="west" minutes="32.07" orientation="longitude" pageId="41" pageNumber="41" precision="9" value="-57.5345">57°32.07′ W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8E866038FF83CD7D8C40FE9A7BE9F049" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F087F5FF83CD7888BDFAFC7DA0F7BE:8E866038FF83CD7D8C40FE9A7BE9F049" country="Antarctica" latitude="-61.633667" longLatPrecision="10" longitude="-57.5345" municipality="Drake Passage" name="Southern Ocean" pageId="41" pageNumber="41">Southern Ocean</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6B82AC99FF83CD7D8B15FEBD7AB8F049" box="[770,932,292,317]" pageId="41" pageNumber="41">Drake Passage</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34E7673FF83CD7D8BA5FEBD7D3BF048" box="[946,1063,292,316]" name="Antarctica" pageId="41" pageNumber="41">Antarctica</collectingCountry>
|
||
, collected on
|
||
<date id="FFE71023FF83CD7D8ABBFEDF7A76F02A" box="[684,874,325,350]" pageId="41" pageNumber="41" value="2002-02-14">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFA3E9CBFF83CD7D8ABBFEDF7A76F02A" box="[684,874,325,350]" pageId="41" pageNumber="41" value="2002-02-14">14 February 2002</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<quantity id="4CA19B06FF83CD7D8B6FFEDF7AEBF02A" box="[888,1015,326,350]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.255" metricValueMax="4.27" metricValueMin="4.24" pageId="41" pageNumber="41" unit="m" value="425.5" valueMax="427.0" valueMin="424.0">
|
||
<elevation id="0074D1D0FF83CD7D8B6FFEDF7AEBF02A" box="[888,1015,326,350]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.255" metricValueMax="4.27" metricValueMin="4.24" pageId="41" pageNumber="41" unit="m" value="425.5" valueMax="427.0" valueMin="424.0">424–427 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D60FF83CD7D8C1EFEDC7A4AF00B" authority=": AMNH" authorityName="AMNH" class="Anthozoa" family="Hormathiidae" genus="Hormathia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="41" pageNumber="41" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="lacunifera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEAF1FF83CD7D8C1EFEDC7BF0F00A" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="41">Hormathia lacunifera</emphasis>
|
||
: AMNH
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
4106 (
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D5FFD6AFF83CD7D8BA6FEFE7D54F00A" box="[945,1096,358,383]" pageId="41" pageNumber="41" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B313CBEFF83CD7D8C75FEFF7D4EF377" collectionCode="RV" collectorName="Cruise & I Program & Polarstern & Sta. PS" country="Antarctica" county="Elephant Islands" elevation="289" latitude="-61.192833" location="Southern Ocean" longLatPrecision="10" longitude="-54.7165" municipality="South Shetland Islands" pageId="41" pageNumber="41" specimenCode="XIX/3" specimenCount="1">
|
||
locality: ANT
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBFF9E98FF83CD7D8AE7FE117A28F0D4" box="[752,820,392,416]" collectionCode="XIX" pageId="41" pageNumber="41">XIX/3</specimenCode>
|
||
<collectorName id="26AC5335FF83CD7D8B57FE1E7A97F0EB" box="[832,907,391,415]" pageId="41" pageNumber="41">Cruise</collectorName>
|
||
, ANDEEP
|
||
<collectorName id="26AC5335FF83CD7D8C06FE117D96F0D4" box="[1041,1162,392,416]" pageId="41" pageNumber="41">I Program</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED48AE26FF83CD7D8C8EFE117DA0F0EB" box="[1177,1212,392,415]" country="Italy" name="Collection of Leptospira Strains" pageId="41" pageNumber="41">RV</collectionCode>
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEAF1FF83CD7D8ABBFE307A0BF0B5" box="[684,791,425,449]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<collectorName id="26AC5335FF83CD7D8ABBFE307A0BF0B5" box="[684,791,425,449]" pageId="41" pageNumber="41">Polarstern</collectorName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26AC5335FF83CD7D8B34FE307A71F0B4" box="[803,877,424,449]" pageId="41" pageNumber="41">Sta. PS</collectorName>
|
||
61/049–1,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE6D5024FF83CD7D8BCDFE317D4DF0B5" box="[986,1105,423,449]" degrees="61" direction="south" minutes="11.57" orientation="latitude" pageId="41" pageNumber="41" precision="9" value="-61.192833">61°11.57′ S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE6D5024FF83CD7D8C40FE317BD9F095" degrees="54" direction="west" minutes="42.99" orientation="longitude" pageId="41" pageNumber="41" precision="9" value="-54.7165">54°42.99′ W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8E866038FF83CD7D8AC6FE537A9BF096" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F087F5FF83CD7888BDFAFC7DA0F7BE:8E866038FF83CD7D8AC6FE537A9BF096" box="[721,903,458,482]" country="Antarctica" county="Elephant Islands" latitude="-61.192833" longLatPrecision="10" longitude="-54.7165" municipality="South Shetland Islands" name="Southern Ocean" pageId="41" pageNumber="41">Southern Ocean</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34E7673FF83CD7D8B83FE537D14F096" box="[916,1032,458,482]" name="Antarctica" pageId="41" pageNumber="41">Antarctica</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6B82AC99FF83CD7D8C03FE537BE6F377" pageId="41" pageNumber="41">South Shetland Islands</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62874E6FFF83CD7D8B11FE727AA6F377" box="[774,954,491,515]" pageId="41" pageNumber="41">Elephant Islands</collectingCounty>
|
||
(
|
||
<quantity id="4CA19B06FF83CD7D8BDEFE727D55F377" box="[969,1097,491,515]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8899999999999997" metricValueMax="3.06" metricValueMin="2.7199999999999998" pageId="41" pageNumber="41" unit="m" value="289.0" valueMax="306.0" valueMin="272.0">
|
||
<elevation id="0074D1D0FF83CD7D8BDEFE727D55F377" box="[969,1097,491,515]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8899999999999997" metricValueMax="3.06" metricValueMin="2.7199999999999998" pageId="41" pageNumber="41" unit="m" value="289.0" valueMax="306.0" valueMin="272.0">272–306 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE636E3FF83CD7D8ADBFD957A9FF5CD" blockId="41.[684,1213,226,1738]" pageId="41" pageNumber="41">
|
||
EXTERNAL
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED48AE26FF83CD7D8B53FD957AB3F350" box="[836,943,524,548]" pageId="41" pageNumber="41">ANATOMY</collectionCode>
|
||
(fig. 17): Body short and broad in preserved specimens, up to
|
||
<quantity id="4CA19B06FF83CD7D8C5AFDB47D81F330" box="[1101,1181,557,581]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.2" pageId="41" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="52.0">52 mm</quantity>
|
||
in length and
|
||
<quantity id="4CA19B06FF83CD7D8B3DFDD77A65F311" box="[810,889,590,614]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.8" pageId="41" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="58.0">58 mm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter (fig. 17A). Pedal disc flat, circular, adherent,
|
||
<quantity id="4CA19B06FF83CD7D8BF4FDF67D2FF3F3" box="[995,1075,623,647]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="41" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="23.0">23 mm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter in preserved specimens (fig. 17A). Column cylindrical with deciduous cuticle (fig. 17A), often only between large tubercles (fig. 17A); tubercles smooth, distributed in entire column, regularly arranged (fig. 17A, H). Column divisible into scapus and scapulus; short capitulum not distinct, retracted into scapus in contracted preserved specimens (fig. 17A, B). Margin of capitulum tentaculate (fig. 17E). Column white in preserved specimens with brown cuticle (fig. 17A);
|
||
<quantity id="4CA19B06FF83CD7D8AE6FC427A5CF286" box="[753,832,987,1011]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="41" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="18.0">18 mm</quantity>
|
||
in length and
|
||
<quantity id="4CA19B06FF83CD7D8BF2FC427D29F286" box="[997,1077,987,1011]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9" pageId="41" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="39.0">39 mm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter in preserved specimens. Oral disc circular, small, narrower than column in preserved specimens (fig. 17A). Oral disc contracted in all specimens,
|
||
<quantity id="4CA19B06FF83CD7D8ABBFBC67BE4F502" box="[684,760,1119,1143]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="41" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 mm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter in preserved specimens. Tentacles 92–96, short, thick, pointed, displaced to margin of oral disc.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3436568FF83CD7F8ADBFB5B7848F21A" lastPageId="43" lastPageNumber="43" pageId="41" pageNumber="41" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE636E3FF83CD7F8ADBFB5B780BF06F" blockId="41.[684,1213,226,1738]" lastBlockId="43.[108,637,226,1175]" lastPageId="43" lastPageNumber="43" pageId="41" pageNumber="41">
|
||
INTERNAL ANATOMY AND HISTOLOGY (fig. 17): Body with wall thickness fairly uniform along column: epidermis and gastrodermis thinner than thick mesoglea (fig. 17E); limit between scapus and scapulus gradual (fig. 17E). Marginal sphincter musculature mesogleal, alveolar, long, narrow (fig. 17B, E); fibers in most of mesoglea, close to gastrodermis distally and scarce and narrow proximally (fig. 17B, E). Longitudinal musculature of tentacles ectodermal (fig. 17F); tentacles without mesogleal aboral thickenings (fig. 17G). Actinopharynx up to
|
||
<quantity id="4CA19B06FF83CD7D8C12F9B77D4CF731" box="[1029,1104,1582,1606]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="41" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="20.0">20 mm</quantity>
|
||
in length, approximately one half of column’s length; longitudinally sulcated throughout; with thick and highly glandular epidermis (not shown). Specimens with two differentiated siphonoglyphs (fig. 17H) with thin gastrodermis and epidermis and thick mesoglea.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE636E3FF81CD7F889BFEBD7B39F27F" blockId="43.[108,637,226,1175]" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">Mesenteries hexamerously arranged in four cycles (6+6+12+24 = 48 pairs) on most of body length (fig. 17H, I): at actinopharynx-level first cycle perfect, including two pairs of directives, each associated with one siphonoglyph; remaining pairs of second to fourth cycles imperfect. All mesenteries with filaments; those of first to third cycles with acontia. All examined specimens sterile. Retractors of first to third cycles well developed, diffuse (fig. 17I), restricted to distal part of mesentery (fig. 17J, K); those of fourth cycle very weak (fig. 17L). Parietobasilar musculature weak in all mesenteries, (fig. 17I–L), stronger in mesenteries of fourth cycle (fig. 17K, L). Basilar musculature of mesenteries strong (not shown).</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE636E3FF81CD7F889BFC8D7848F21A" blockId="43.[108,637,226,1175]" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">
|
||
CNIDOM (fig. 18): Spirocysts, basitrichs,
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEAF1FF81CD7F887BFCAF7965F239" box="[108,121,822,845]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">p</emphasis>
|
||
-mastigophores B1. See figure 18 and table 8 for size and distribution.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3436568FF81CD7F889BFCEE7D7EF21A" pageId="43" pageNumber="43" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE636E3FF81CD7F889BFCEE7D7EF21A" blockId="43.[108,637,226,1175]" lastBlockId="43.[684,1213,226,1175]" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">
|
||
DISTRIBUTION AND NATURAL HISTORY:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D60FF81CD7F8A5EFCE17839F2C4" baseAuthorityName="Hertwig" baseAuthorityYear="1882" class="Anthozoa" family="Hormathiidae" genus="Hormathia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="43" pageNumber="43" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pectinata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEAF1FF81CD7F8A5EFCE17839F2C4" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">Hormathia pectinata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has been recorded from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34E7673FF81CD7F8A56FC017B60F2C4" box="[577,636,920,944]" name="Chile" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">Chile</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34E7673FF81CD7F88B1FC207804F2A5" box="[166,280,953,977]" name="Argentina" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">Argentina</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC84B12FF81CD7F8927FC2078C2F2A5" author="Hertwig, R." box="[304,478,953,977]" pageId="43" pageNumber="43" pagination="1 - 136" refId="ref39469" refString="Hertwig, R. 1882. Report on the Actiniaria dredged by H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873 - 1876. Report on the scientific results of the voyage of H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873 - 76 (Zoology) 6 (1): 1 - 136. London: Printed for H. M. S. O." type="journal article" year="1882">Hertwig, 1882</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; McMurrich, 1893;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC84B12FF81CD7F88A7FC43784BF286" author="Carlgren, O." box="[176,343,986,1010]" pageId="43" pageNumber="43" pagination="1 - 38" refId="ref37128" refString="Carlgren, O. 1959. Corallimorpharia and Actiniaria with description of a new genus and species from Peru. Reports of the Lund University Chile Expedition 1948 - 49 38. Arkiv fur Zoologi 71: 1 - 38." type="journal article" year="1959">Carlgren, 1959</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC84B12FF81CD7F8973FC437B68F286" author="Riemann-Zurneck, K." box="[356,628,986,1010]" pageId="43" pageNumber="43" pagination="273 - 325" refId="ref41216" refString="Riemann-Zurneck, K. 1973. Actiniaria des Sudwestatlantik I. Hormathiidae. Helgolander Wissenschaftliche Meeresuntersuchungen 25: 273 - 325." type="journal article" year="1973">Riemann-Zürneck, 1973</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) going as far north on the eastern coast of South America as the southern edge of the La Plata estuary off the coast of Mar del Plata. This species has a discontinuous distribution in the SWA (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC84B12FF81CD7F8864FBE67899F5E3" author="Riemann-Zurneck, K." box="[115,389,1151,1175]" pageId="43" pageNumber="43" pagination="91 - 149" refId="ref41443" refString="Riemann-Zurneck, K. 1986. Zur Biogeographie des Sudwestatlantik mit besonderer Berucksichtigung der Seeanemonen (Coelenterata: Actiniaria). Helgolander Wissenschaftliche Meeresuntersuchungen 40: 91 - 149." type="journal article" year="1986">Riemann-Zürneck, 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Specimens of
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEAF1FF81CD7F8A38FB197BF0F18D" box="[559,748,226,1175]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">H. pec- tinata</emphasis>
|
||
from this study were collected at a single site off the coast of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="499DF801FF81CD7F8B94FE9A7D4CF06F" box="[899,1104,259,283]" country="Brazil" name="Rio Grande do Sul" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">Rio Grande do Sul</collectingRegion>
|
||
in southern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34E7673FF81CD7F8AC0FEBD7A0BF048" box="[727,791,292,316]" name="Brazil" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
at
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D5FFD6AFF81CD7F8B2FFEBD7A9FF04F" box="[824,899,292,316]" pageId="43" pageNumber="43" type="generic">
|
||
<quantity id="4CA19B06FF81CD7F8B2FFEBD7A63F04F" box="[824,895,292,316]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.26" pageId="43" pageNumber="43" unit="m" value="526.0">526 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
This new record extends the geographic range of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D60FF81CD7F8B8AFEDF7D34F029" baseAuthorityName="Hertwig" baseAuthorityYear="1882" box="[925,1064,326,349]" class="Anthozoa" family="Hormathiidae" genus="Hormathia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="43" pageNumber="43" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pectinata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEAF1FF81CD7F8B8AFEDF7D34F029" box="[925,1064,326,349]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">H. pectinata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
north of La Plata River including the southern Brazilian coast, and fall within the shallower range of the species bathymetric distribution in bathyal (
|
||
<quantity id="4CA19B06FF81CD7F8C92FE317A1DF095" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.125" metricValueMax="12.2" metricValueMin="4.05" pageId="43" pageNumber="43" unit="m" value="812.5" valueMax="1220.0" valueMin="405.0">405– 1220 m</quantity>
|
||
) rather than abyssal waters (
|
||
<quantity id="4CA19B06FF81CD7F8C54FE507BD8F376" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8685" metricValueMax="2.925" metricValueMin="2.812" pageId="43" pageNumber="43" unit="m" value="2868.5" valueMax="2925.0" valueMin="2812.0">2812–2925 m</quantity>
|
||
) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC84B12FF81CD7F8ACEFE737D65F376" author="Rodriguez, E. & P. J. Lopez-Gonzalez" box="[729,1145,490,514]" pageId="43" pageNumber="43" pagination="116 - 123" refId="ref41512" refString="Rodriguez, E., and P. J. Lopez-Gonzalez. 2001. A new species of Hormathia (Actiniaria, Hormathidae) from the eastern Weddell Sea, Antarctica. Helgoland Marine Research 55: 116 - 123." type="journal article" year="2001">Rodríguez and López-González, 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D60FF81CD7F8C9DFE727A72F357" baseAuthorityName="Hertwig" baseAuthorityYear="1882" class="Anthozoa" family="Hormathiidae" genus="Hormathia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="43" pageNumber="43" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pectinata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEAF1FF81CD7F8C9DFE727A72F357" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">Hormathia pectinata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
shows an overlapping geographic and bathymetric distribution only in its sub-Antarctic range with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D60FF81CD7F8BD1FDD77D4EF311" box="[966,1106,589,613]" class="Anthozoa" family="Hormathiidae" genus="Hormathia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="43" pageNumber="43" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="lacunifera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEAF1FF81CD7F8BD1FDD77D4EF311" box="[966,1106,589,613]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">H. lacunifera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which is a circumpolar Southern Ocean species similarly distributed from continental shelf and bathyal depths.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D60FF81CD7F8B12FD287D8EF3BD" authority="(Hertwig, 1882)" authorityName="Fautin" authorityYear="2016" baseAuthorityName="Hertwig" baseAuthorityYear="1882" box="[773,1170,689,713]" class="Anthozoa" family="Hormathiidae" genus="Hormathia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="43" pageNumber="43" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="spinosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEAF1FF81CD7F8B12FD287AC9F3BC" box="[773,981,689,713]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">Hormathia spinosa</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC84B12FF81CD7F8BF1FD287D96F3BD" author="Hertwig, R." box="[998,1162,689,713]" pageId="43" pageNumber="43" pagination="1 - 136" refId="ref39469" refString="Hertwig, R. 1882. Report on the Actiniaria dredged by H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873 - 1876. Report on the scientific results of the voyage of H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873 - 76 (Zoology) 6 (1): 1 - 136. London: Printed for H. M. S. O." type="journal article" year="1882">Hertwig, 1882</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, on the other hand, is found in sub-Antarctic region and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34E7673FF81CD7F8ACBFD6A7A05F27E" box="[732,793,755,778]" name="Japan" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC84B12FF81CD7F8B30FD6A7ADAF27F" author="Hertwig, R." box="[807,966,755,779]" pageId="43" pageNumber="43" pagination="1 - 136" refId="ref39469" refString="Hertwig, R. 1882. Report on the Actiniaria dredged by H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873 - 1876. Report on the scientific results of the voyage of H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873 - 76 (Zoology) 6 (1): 1 - 136. London: Printed for H. M. S. O." type="journal article" year="1882">Hertwig, 1882</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) whereas
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D60FF81CD7F8C23FD6A7DBFF27E" box="[1076,1187,755,778]" class="Anthozoa" family="Hormathiidae" genus="Hormathia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="43" pageNumber="43" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="armata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEAF1FF81CD7F8C23FD6A7DBFF27E" box="[1076,1187,755,778]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">H. armata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is known only from the Antarctic Peninsula and Weddell Sea at shallower continental waters (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC84B12FF81CD7F8AA4FCCF7D4AF21A" author="Rodriguez, E. & P. J. Lopez-Gonzalez" box="[691,1110,854,878]" pageId="43" pageNumber="43" pagination="1 - 100" refId="ref41553" refString="Rodriguez, E., and P. J. Lopez-Gonzalez. 2013. New records of Antarctic and sub-Antarctic sea anemones (Cnidaria, Anthozoa, Actiniaria and Corallimorpharia) from the Weddell Sea, Antarctic Peninsula, and Scotia Arc. Zootaxa 3624: 1 - 100." type="journal article" year="2013">Rodríguez and López-González, 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3436568FF81CD788ADBFCEE7DA0F7BE" lastPageId="44" lastPageNumber="44" pageId="43" pageNumber="43" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE636E3FF81CD788ADBFCEE7DA0F7BE" blockId="43.[684,1213,226,1175]" lastBlockId="44.[684,1213,226,1738]" lastPageId="44" lastPageNumber="44" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">
|
||
REMARKS: The genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D60FF81CD7F8BAFFCEE7D2CF2FB" authorityName="Gosse" authorityYear="1859" box="[952,1072,887,911]" class="Anthozoa" family="Hormathiidae" genus="Hormathia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="43" pageNumber="43" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEAF1FF81CD7F8BAFFCEE7D2CF2FB" box="[952,1072,887,911]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">Hormathia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is one of the most distinctive genera of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D60FF81CD7F8BC1FC017D6CF2C4" authorityName="Carlgren" authorityYear="1932" box="[982,1136,920,944]" class="Anthozoa" family="Hormathiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="43" pageNumber="43" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="family">Hormathiidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
and is defined by characters that have all been found in our specimens: 6 pairs of perfect and sterile mesenteries, same number of mesenteries distally and proximally, column divisible into scapus and scapulus; scapus with tubercles and cuticle; no cinclides; 96 tentacles without aboral thickenings, and absence of cuplike pedal disc. Six species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D60FF86CD788910FA9B7862F46E" authorityName="Gosse" authorityYear="1859" box="[263,382,1282,1306]" class="Anthozoa" family="Hormathiidae" genus="Hormathia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="44" pageNumber="44" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEAF1FF86CD788910FA9B7862F46E" box="[263,382,1282,1306]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="44">Hormathia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have been recorded in the Southern Hemisphere (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC84B12FF86CD78898AFABA7B3AF44F" author="Dunn, D. F." box="[413,550,1315,1339]" pageId="44" pageNumber="44" pagination="1 - 67" refId="ref38204" refString="Dunn, D. F. 1983. Some Antarctic and sub-Antarctic sea anemones (Coelenterata: Ptychodactiaria and Actiniaria). Antarctic Research Series 39: 1 - 67." type="book chapter" year="1983">Dunn, 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC84B12FF86CD788A24FABA78C4F428" author="Rodriguez, E. & P. J. Lopez-Gonzalez" pageId="44" pageNumber="44" pagination="1 - 100" refId="ref41553" refString="Rodriguez, E., and P. J. Lopez-Gonzalez. 2013. New records of Antarctic and sub-Antarctic sea anemones (Cnidaria, Anthozoa, Actiniaria and Corallimorpharia) from the Weddell Sea, Antarctic Peninsula, and Scotia Arc. Zootaxa 3624: 1 - 100." type="journal article" year="2013">Rodríguez and López-González, 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC84B12FF86CD7889F1FADD7B68F428" author="Fautin, D. G." box="[486,628,1348,1372]" pageId="44" pageNumber="44" pagination="1 - 449" refId="ref38575" refString="Fautin, D. G. 2016. Catalog to families, genera, and species of orders Actiniaria and Corallimorpharia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa). Zootaxa 4145: 1 - 449." type="journal article" year="2016">Fautin, 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) though only four might be valid (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D60FF86CD7889F9FAFF7B69F409" baseAuthorityName="Hertwig" baseAuthorityYear="1882" box="[494,629,1382,1405]" class="Anthozoa" family="Hormathiidae" genus="Hormathia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="44" pageNumber="44" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pectinata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEAF1FF86CD7889F9FAFF7B69F409" box="[494,629,1382,1405]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="44">H. pectinata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D60FF86CD78887BFA1E79E6F4EA" box="[108,250,1414,1438]" class="Anthozoa" family="Hormathiidae" genus="Hormathia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="44" pageNumber="44" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="lacunifera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEAF1FF86CD78887BFA1E79E6F4EA" box="[108,250,1414,1438]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="44">H. lacunifera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D60FF86CD78891EFA1E7867F4EA" authorityName="Fautin" authorityYear="2016" baseAuthorityName="Hertwig" baseAuthorityYear="1882" box="[265,379,1415,1438]" class="Anthozoa" family="Hormathiidae" genus="Hormathia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="44" pageNumber="44" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="spinosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEAF1FF86CD78891EFA1E7867F4EA" box="[265,379,1415,1438]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="44">H. spinosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D60FF86CD78899EFA1E78BCF4CB" authority=": Rodriguez and Lopez-Gonzalez, 2013" authorityName=": Rodriguez and Lopez-Gonzalez" authorityYear="2013" class="Anthozoa" family="Hormathiidae" genus="Hormathia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="44" pageNumber="44" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="armata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEAF1FF86CD78899EFA1E78E0F4EA" box="[393,508,1415,1438]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="44">H. armata</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC84B12FF86CD788A1DFA1F78BCF4CB" author="Rodriguez, E. & P. J. Lopez-Gonzalez" pageId="44" pageNumber="44" pagination="1 - 100" refId="ref41553" refString="Rodriguez, E., and P. J. Lopez-Gonzalez. 2013. New records of Antarctic and sub-Antarctic sea anemones (Cnidaria, Anthozoa, Actiniaria and Corallimorpharia) from the Weddell Sea, Antarctic Peninsula, and Scotia Arc. Zootaxa 3624: 1 - 100." type="journal article" year="2013">Rodríguez and López-González, 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). The anatomy and microanatomy of the individuals of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D60FF86CD7889E0FA507B60F494" baseAuthorityName="Hertwig" baseAuthorityYear="1882" box="[503,636,1481,1504]" class="Anthozoa" family="Hormathiidae" genus="Hormathia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="44" pageNumber="44" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pectinata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEAF1FF86CD7889E0FA507B60F494" box="[503,636,1481,1504]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="44">H. pectinata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
examined in this study agrees with the description of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC84B12FF86CD7888A8F99378C0F756" author="Riemann-Zurneck, K." box="[191,476,1546,1570]" pageId="44" pageNumber="44" pagination="273 - 325" refId="ref41216" refString="Riemann-Zurneck, K. 1973. Actiniaria des Sudwestatlantik I. Hormathiidae. Helgolander Wissenschaftliche Meeresuntersuchungen 25: 273 - 325." type="journal article" year="1973">Riemann-Zürneck (1973)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, including the number and cycles of tentacles and mesenteries. We observed the same thickening of the mesoglea in the retractors of mesenteries observed by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC84B12FF86CD78887BF9177881F7D3" author="Riemann-Zurneck, K." box="[108,413,1678,1703]" pageId="44" pageNumber="44" pagination="273 - 325" refId="ref41216" refString="Riemann-Zurneck, K. 1973. Actiniaria des Sudwestatlantik I. Hormathiidae. Helgolander Wissenschaftliche Meeresuntersuchungen 25: 273 - 325." type="journal article" year="1973">Riemann-Zürneck (1973)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(see fig. 17I–L). Unfortunately, our specimens were sterile, so we cannot comment on the fertility of the species. Though the comparative work of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC84B12FF86CD788C0BFE9A7A2FF048" author="Riemann-Zurneck, K." pageId="44" pageNumber="44" pagination="273 - 325" refId="ref41216" refString="Riemann-Zurneck, K. 1973. Actiniaria des Sudwestatlantik I. Hormathiidae. Helgolander Wissenschaftliche Meeresuntersuchungen 25: 273 - 325." type="journal article" year="1973">Riemann-Zürneck (1973)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
found that the taxonomic significance of the cnidon within the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D60FF86CD788C52FEDC7DA0F029" authorityName="Gosse" authorityYear="1859" box="[1093,1212,325,349]" class="Anthozoa" family="Hormathiidae" genus="Hormathia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="44" pageNumber="44" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEAF1FF86CD788C52FEDC7DA0F029" box="[1093,1212,325,349]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="44">Hormathia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is low, the size of basitrichs in the acontia is regarded as a distinctive character that differentiates species within the genus. Though the measurement of basitrichs in the acontia of our specimens is on the higher side of the range, it clearly identifies our specimens as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D60FF86CD788C22FD957DA0F357" baseAuthorityName="Hertwig" baseAuthorityYear="1882" box="[1077,1212,524,547]" class="Anthozoa" family="Hormathiidae" genus="Hormathia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="44" pageNumber="44" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pectinata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEAF1FF86CD788C22FD957DA0F357" box="[1077,1212,524,547]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="44">H. pectinata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and differentiates them from the remaining species of the genus in the southern Atlantic. Similar longer basitrichs in the acontia of specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D60FF86CD788ADAFD097A4BF3D3" baseAuthorityName="Hertwig" baseAuthorityYear="1882" box="[717,855,656,679]" class="Anthozoa" family="Hormathiidae" genus="Hormathia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="44" pageNumber="44" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pectinata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEAF1FF86CD788ADAFD097A4BF3D3" box="[717,855,656,679]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="44">H. pectinata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were also found by Riemann- Zürneck (1973) in material from the coast of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34E7673FF86CD788ABBFD4B7A03F39E" box="[684,799,722,746]" name="Argentina" pageId="44" pageNumber="44">Argentina</collectingCountry>
|
||
. The small size of individuals of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D60FF86CD788CB6FD4B7A0CF27E" baseAuthorityName="Hertwig" baseAuthorityYear="1882" class="Anthozoa" family="Hormathiidae" genus="Hormathia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="44" pageNumber="44" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pectinata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEAF1FF86CD788CB6FD4B7A0CF27E" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="44">H. pectinata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
found in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34E7673FF86CD788B9EFD6A7AD9F27F" box="[905,965,755,779]" name="Chile" pageId="44" pageNumber="44">Chile</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E28841FF86CD788BCFFD6A7D16F27F" box="[984,1034,755,779]" pageId="44" pageNumber="44">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality) might explain the particularly short basitrichs of the acontia in this material. Here, we confirm the presence of
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEAF1FF86CD788B3BFCCE7A25F21A" box="[812,825,855,878]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="44">p</emphasis>
|
||
-mastigophores B
|
||
<quantity id="4CA19B06FF86CD788BECFCCF7D3DF21A" box="[1019,1057,854,878]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="44" pageNumber="44" unit="in" value="1.0">1 in</quantity>
|
||
relative abundance in the acontia of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D60FF86CD788BAEFCE17D5CF2FB" baseAuthorityName="Hertwig" baseAuthorityYear="1882" box="[953,1088,888,911]" class="Anthozoa" family="Hormathiidae" genus="Hormathia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="44" pageNumber="44" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pectinata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEAF1FF86CD788BAEFCE17D5CF2FB" box="[953,1088,888,911]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="44">H. pectinata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(fig. 18Q), which had been previously found by Riemann- Zürneck (1973) in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D60FF86CD788B6AFC237D1FF2A5" baseAuthorityName="Hertwig" baseAuthorityYear="1882" box="[893,1027,954,977]" class="Anthozoa" family="Hormathiidae" genus="Hormathia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="44" pageNumber="44" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pectinata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEAF1FF86CD788B6AFC237D1FF2A5" box="[893,1027,954,977]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="44">H. pectinata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34E7673FF86CD788C5FFC207DA5F2A5" box="[1096,1209,953,977]" name="Argentina" pageId="44" pageNumber="44">Argentina</collectingCountry>
|
||
. This highly distinctive character further corroborates the identification of our specimens as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D60FF86CD788ABBFB847A2CF540" baseAuthorityName="Hertwig" baseAuthorityYear="1882" box="[684,816,1053,1076]" class="Anthozoa" family="Hormathiidae" genus="Hormathia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="44" pageNumber="44" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pectinata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEAF1FF86CD788ABBFB847A2CF540" box="[684,816,1053,1076]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="44">H. pectinata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and differentiates it from other species in the genus, and could explain the lack of a sister relationship between this species and other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D60FF86CD788ABBFBE67A47F5E3" box="[684,859,1151,1175]" class="Anthozoa" family="Hormathiidae" genus="Hormathia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="44" pageNumber="44" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEAF1FF86CD788ABBFBE67A38F5E3" box="[684,804,1151,1175]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="44">Hormathia</emphasis>
|
||
spp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in all phylogenetic analyses to date (e.g.,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC84B12FF86CD788B0BFB387D39F5CD" author="Gusmao, L. C. & Daly, M." box="[796,1061,1185,1209]" pageId="44" pageNumber="44" pagination="868 - 877" refId="ref39034" refString="Gusmao, L. C., and Daly, M. 2010. Evolution of sea anemones (Cnidaria: Actiniaria: Hormathiidae) symbiotic with hermit crabs. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 56: 868 - 877." type="journal article" year="2010">Gusmão and Daly, 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC84B12FF86CD788C38FB387A17F5AE" author="Rodriguez, E. & M. Barbeitos & M. Daly & L. C. Gusmao & V. Haussermann" pageId="44" pageNumber="44" pagination="375 - 392" refId="ref41719" refString="Rodriguez, E., M. Barbeitos, M. Daly, L. C. Gusmao, and V. Haussermann. 2012. Toward a natural classification: phylogeny of acontiate sea anemones (Cnidaria, Anthozoa, Actiniaria). Cladistics 28: 375 - 392." type="journal article" year="2012">Rodríguez et al., 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, 2014;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC84B12FF86CD788B4DFB5B7D59F5AE" author="Gusmao, L. C. & L. Berniker & V. Van Deusen & O. Harris & E. Rodriguez" box="[858,1093,1218,1242]" pageId="44" pageNumber="44" pagination="1271 - 1286" refId="ref39177" refString="Gusmao, L. C., L. Berniker, V. Van Deusen, O. Harris, and E. Rodriguez. 2019 a. Halcampulactidae (Actiniaria, Actinostoloidea), a new family of burrowing sea anemones with external brooding from Antarctica. Polar Biology 42: 1271 - 1286." type="journal article" year="2019">Gusmão et al., 2019a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC84B12FF86CD788C46FB5B7D84F5AE" author="Gusmao, L. C. & E. Rodriguez & M. Daly" box="[1105,1176,1218,1242]" pageId="44" pageNumber="44" pagination="567 - 583" refId="ref39233" refString="Gusmao, L. C., E. Rodriguez, M. Daly. 2019 b. Description of Calliactis tigris sp. nov.: reconciling taxon- omy and phylogeny in hermit-crab symbiotic anemones (Cnidaria: Actiniaria: Hormathiidae). Organisms Diversity and Evolution 19: 567 - 583." type="journal article" year="2019">2019b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). It might also be possible that
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEAF1FF86CD788C17FB7A7D11F58E" box="[1024,1037,1251,1274]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="44">p</emphasis>
|
||
-mastigophores have been overlooked in the acontia of other hormathiids and that further examination will reveal their presence in other genera or species in the family. The cnidom of our specimens agree generally with the one given by Riemann- Zürneck (1973) for
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEAF1FF86CD788B9FFA337D08F4B5" box="[904,1044,1450,1473]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D60FF86CD788B9FFA337D0CF4B5" baseAuthorityName="Hertwig" baseAuthorityYear="1882" box="[904,1040,1450,1473]" class="Anthozoa" family="Hormathiidae" genus="Hormathia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="44" pageNumber="44" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pectinata">H. pectinata</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
except that we found
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEAF1FF86CD788AEEFA527A1AF496" box="[761,774,1483,1506]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="44">p</emphasis>
|
||
-mastigophores B
|
||
<quantity id="4CA19B06FF86CD788BC7FA537AE7F496" box="[976,1019,1482,1506]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="44" pageNumber="44" unit="in" value="1.0">1 in</quantity>
|
||
the column and basitrichs in a larger category in the filaments, a difference that has been used to differentiate
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D60FF86CD788CB6F9947A13F731" baseAuthorityName="Hertwig" baseAuthorityYear="1882" class="Anthozoa" family="Hormathiidae" genus="Hormathia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="44" pageNumber="44" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pectinata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEAF1FF86CD788CB6F9947A13F731" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="44">H. pectinata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D60FF86CD788B41F9B77AD5F731" authorityName=": Rodriguez and Lopez-Gonzalez" authorityYear="2013" box="[854,969,1582,1605]" class="Anthozoa" family="Hormathiidae" genus="Hormathia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="44" pageNumber="44" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="armata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEAF1FF86CD788B41F9B77AD5F731" box="[854,969,1582,1605]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="44">H. armata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D60FF86CD788C13F9B77D6AF731" authorityName="Fautin" authorityYear="2016" baseAuthorityName="Hertwig" baseAuthorityYear="1882" box="[1028,1142,1582,1605]" class="Anthozoa" family="Hormathiidae" genus="Hormathia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="44" pageNumber="44" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="spinosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEAF1FF86CD788C13F9B77D6AF731" box="[1028,1142,1582,1605]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="44">H. spinosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(E.R., personal obs.). It is possible that these large basitrichs in the filaments are the result of contamination from acontia as they overlap in size. In addition, although the
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEAF1FF86CD788BD8F92B7AC0F7BD" box="[975,988,1714,1737]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="44">p</emphasis>
|
||
-mastigophores B1
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |