377 lines
47 KiB
XML
377 lines
47 KiB
XML
<document id="1DD51D2A6A258CC2C40F253C834126DD" ID-CLB-Dataset="29448" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4472.2.5" ID-GBIF-Dataset="1113cb35-3bdb-482b-babd-a58f7caea92c" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1440225" ID-ZooBank="542D5E73-A1E6-421A-8C4B-72487FA4789B" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1538372179209" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Horowitz, Jeremy, Opresko, Dennis M. & Bridge, Tom C. L." docDate="2018" docId="03F087B8FFA42639E7BCFEA9F72D0F10" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4472.2.5.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4472 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Heteropathes americana , Opresko 2003" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="324" masterDocId="FFC9FFC0FFAB2628E72BFF8BF6020C6F" masterDocTitle="Black corals (Anthozoa: Antipatharia) from the deep (916 m - 2542 m) Coral Sea, north-eastern Australia" masterLastPageNumber="326" masterPageNumber="307" pageNumber="322" updateTime="1698559056856" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="C46FC28D1F53306B70FB9F87D77FB73B" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="D3CCC5726965EF44936E1EDEBCDDAAC4">
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<mods:title id="2DC27E8668557E96966F9804D6C1F461">Black corals (Anthozoa: Antipatharia) from the deep (916 m - 2542 m) Coral Sea, north-eastern Australia</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="30171D0D0EBAAD3AE6BFCE1F3ACA7CF3" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="4718CA07F02AE86FFBB0CA3B2144CE05">Horowitz, Jeremy</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="ABA20F428BEAEE927D850C145F77534E">Opresko, Dennis M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="C7E83CED9122E3C06992524DE214B38C" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="0EB22ECD4278CCCDE8232CACF461BF82">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="68BF6672CED1132049A69468EF7DEB03">Bridge, Tom C. L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="41AC92C10CBC84CCD309C7FFFA7FC557">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="50994AC1EC38F95823F4B6E9CCCF774D">
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<mods:title id="57454592073F4D735A37512EA540C74A">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="0F178B6831332A3B5015397EAC477D33">
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<mods:date id="195D41EB0E07A0F1B09A78C25CE4C8F7">2018</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="88B3B73FA8F860CF4B8E6A7D5E50B57B">2018-09-10</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="8EB3F7587500A024A43715DE6DA316ED" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="869C6CD62602DED5558DCB521C4A40C0">4472</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="9151AA9B5C59740FDEFF6E908AB63EF0">2</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="2F62DC2E32956A5DAAA5A6C32AD29ADB">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="FF71770DEFFAA01CC163E39354F2E890" type="CLB-Dataset">29448</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="479328C456937A9289DD07FDA308307B" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4472.2.5</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="B59959B93B3D2109C6CD1AB4386C5F3F" type="GBIF-Dataset">1113cb35-3bdb-482b-babd-a58f7caea92c</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="CF4BD7C87EEF7CE3762D159BC236F110" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="F2B39A4058FC8C8B9D2D2DD2B6A1E0B4" type="Zenodo-Dep">1440225</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="A25F7620FB3B0F6861065EE291780B0F" type="ZooBank">542D5E73-A1E6-421A-8C4B-72487FA4789B</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="03F087B8FFA42639E7BCFEA9F72D0F10" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5975722" ID-GBIF-Taxon="148421356" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5975722" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F087B8FFA42639E7BCFEA9F72D0F10" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F087B8FFA42639E7BCFEA9F72D0F10" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="324" pageId="15" pageNumber="322">
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<subSubSection id="C3436525FFA42627E7BCFEA9F4B60D53" box="[151,692,290,316]" pageId="15" pageNumber="322" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BE636AEFFA42627E7BCFEA9F4B60D53" blockId="15.[151,692,290,350]" box="[151,692,290,316]" pageId="15" pageNumber="322">
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<heading id="D0AE81C2FFA42627E7BCFEA9F4B60D53" bold="true" box="[151,692,290,316]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="322" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFA42627E7BCFEA9F4B60D53" bold="true" box="[151,692,290,316]" pageId="15" pageNumber="322">
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<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFA42627E7BCFEA9F72F0D53" bold="true" box="[151,301,290,316]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="322">Heteropathe</emphasis>
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s
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<taxonomicName id="4C594D2DFFA42627E614FEA9F4B60D53" ID-CoL="6LSF4" authority=", Opresko (2003)" authorityName=", Opresko" authorityYear="2003" box="[319,692,290,316]" class="Anthozoa" family="Cladopathidae" genus="Heteropathes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="15" pageNumber="322" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="americana">
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cf.
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<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFA42627E64FFEA9F7EE0D53" bold="true" box="[356,492,290,316]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="322">americana,</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC84B5FFFA42627E6DFFEA9F4B60D53" box="[500,692,290,316]" pageId="15" pageNumber="322" refId="ref9735" refString="Opresko, D. M. (2003) Revision of the Antipatharia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa). Part III. Cladopathidae. Zoologische Mededelingen, 77 (31), 495 - 536." type="journal article">Opresko (2003)</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3436525FFA42627E7BCFECDF7380D31" box="[151,314,325,350]" pageId="15" pageNumber="322" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BE636AEFFA42627E7BCFECDF7380D31" blockId="15.[151,692,290,350]" box="[151,314,325,350]" pageId="15" pageNumber="322">
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(
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<figureCitation id="13622A2BFFA42627E7B5FECDF6EE0D31" box="[158,236,326,350]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1969,1991]" captionTargetBox="[211,1380,226,1901]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[183,1402,193,1941]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. a, Map of collection sites for the specimens in this study and other locations globally where the same species have been collected; b, view of the Central and Eastern Indo-Pacific region; c, new black coral records from the Coral Sea." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1440227/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="322">FIgS. 1</figureCitation>
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ANd
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<figureCitation id="13622A2BFFA42627E608FECDF7330D31" box="[291,305,326,350]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1776,1798]" captionTargetBox="[155,1433,198,1754]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[151,1436,193,1755]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 7. Heteropathes cf. americana: a, G73229, entire corallum; b, G61967, section of an anterior pinnule with subpinnules; c, G61967, section of lateral pinnule with spines; d–e, G73229, spines on sections of anterior pinnules." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1440239/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="322">7</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3436525FFA42627E7BCFE06F49F0DCC" box="[151,669,397,419]" pageId="15" pageNumber="322" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BE636AEFFA42627E7BCFE06F49F0DCC" blockId="15.[151,669,397,419]" box="[151,669,397,419]" pageId="15" pageNumber="322">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB491180FFA42627E7BCFE06F49F0DCC" box="[151,669,397,419]" pageId="15" pageNumber="322">
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<taxonomicName id="4C594D2DFFA42627E7BCFE06F46B0DCC" ID-CoL="6LSF4" authority="Opresko (2003): 531" authorityName=", Opresko" authorityPageNumber="531" authorityYear="2003" box="[151,617,397,419]" class="Anthozoa" family="Cladopathidae" genus="Heteropathes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="15" pageNumber="322" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="americana">
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<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFA42627E7BCFE06F7920DCC" box="[151,400,397,419]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="322">Heteropathes americana</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0AF810BFFFA42627E6BCFE06F46B0DCC" author="" box="[407,617,397,419]" page="531" pageId="15" pageNumber="322">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC84B5FFFA42627E6BCFE06F4390DCC" box="[407,571,397,419]" pageId="15" pageNumber="322" refId="ref9735" refString="Opresko, D. M. (2003) Revision of the Antipatharia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa). Part III. Cladopathidae. Zoologische Mededelingen, 77 (31), 495 - 536." type="journal article">Opresko (2003)</bibRefCitation>
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: 531
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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–536
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3436525FFA42627E7BCFE44F2E90D87" box="[151,1259,463,488]" pageId="15" pageNumber="322" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BE636AEFFA42627E7BCFE44F2E90D87" blockId="15.[151,1438,463,2037]" box="[151,1259,463,488]" pageId="15" pageNumber="322">
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<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFA42627E7BCFE44F7800D87" bold="true" box="[151,386,463,488]" pageId="15" pageNumber="322">Material examined:</emphasis>
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MTQ MATeRIAL (PReSeRVed
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<collectionCode id="ED48AE6BFFA42627E585FE5BF4C60D88" box="[686,708,464,487]" pageId="15" pageNumber="322">IN</collectionCode>
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eTHYL ALCOHOL): G73229 (STATION dATA
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<collectionCode id="ED48AE6BFFA42627E340FE5BF2830D88" box="[1131,1153,464,487]" pageId="15" pageNumber="322">IN</collectionCode>
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<tableCitation id="C6DB0315FFA42627E3A3FE44F2D80D87" box="[1160,1242,463,488]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,239,152,175]" captionText="TABLE 1. Species identifications and station data for CIDARIS specimens." pageId="15" pageNumber="322">TAbLe 1</tableCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3436525FFA42627E7ECFE7FF5AD0F43" pageId="15" pageNumber="322" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BE636AEFFA42627E7ECFE7FF5AD0F43" blockId="15.[151,1438,463,2037]" pageId="15" pageNumber="322">
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<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFA42627E7ECFE7FF7380E62" bold="true" box="[199,314,500,525]" pageId="15" pageNumber="322">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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(AfTeR
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC84B5FFFA42627E6A2FE7FF42C0E63" box="[393,558,500,525]" pageId="15" pageNumber="322" refId="ref9735" refString="Opresko, D. M. (2003) Revision of the Antipatharia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa). Part III. Cladopathidae. Zoologische Mededelingen, 77 (31), 495 - 536." type="journal article">OPReSkO 2003</bibRefCitation>
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): CORALLUM MONOPOdIAL ANd PINNULATe; PINNULeS ARRANged IN TWO LATeRAL ROWS ANd ONe OR TWO IRRegULAR ANTeRIOR ROWS. LATeRAL PINNULeS SIMPLe, eLONgATe, ARRANged ALTeRNATeLY ANd INCLINed ANd CURVed dISTALLY ANd eXTeNdINg TO THe TOP Of THe CORALLUM; ANTeRIOR PINNULeS SHORT, SUbPINNULATe, ANd eXTeNdINg OUT NeARLY PeRPeNdICULAR TO THe PLANe CONTAININg THe STeM ANd LATeRAL PINNULeS. ANTeRIOR PINNULeS WITH ONe TO THRee SeCONdARY PINNULeS, THe LOWeRMOST TWO USUALLY ARRANged bILATeRALLY. SeCONdARY PINNULeS MAY be SUbPINNULATe, WITH THe TeRTIARY PINNULeS USUALLY ARISINg fROM UPPeR ANd/OR LOWeR SURfACe Of SeCONdARIeS. SPINeS ON LATeRAL PINNULeS SMALL (AbOUT 0.05 MM OR LeSS), TRIANgULAR, ACUTe, COMPReSSed. SPINeS ON ANTeRIOR PINNULeS LARgeR ON ONe SIde Of AXIS (UP TO 0.13 MM) ANd INCLINed dISTALLY. POLYPS 5 MM TO 6 MM IN TRANSVeRSe dIAMeTeR (fROM dISTAL edge Of dISTAL LATeRAL TeNTACLeS TO THe PROXIMAL edge Of THe PROXIMAL LATeRAL TeNTACLeS).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3436525FFA42627E7ECFCBCF35708FB" pageId="15" pageNumber="322" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BE636AEFFA42627E7ECFCBCF35708FB" blockId="15.[151,1438,463,2037]" pageId="15" pageNumber="322">
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<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFA42627E7ECFCBCF4350F3F" bold="true" box="[199,567,823,848]" pageId="15" pageNumber="322">Description of MTQ specimen:</emphasis>
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MONOPOdIAL WITH PINNULeS ARRANged IN TWO LATeRAL ROWS ANd ONe IRRegULAR ROW Of ANTeRIOR PINNULeS. TOTAL STeM LeNgTH IS 4 CM; HOWeVeR, THe STeM TIP IS bROkeN. LATeRAL PINNULeS ARe SIMPLe, eLONgATe, ARRANged ALTeRNATeLY, eXCePT fOR THe fIRST SeT Of LATeRAL PINNULeS, WHICH ARe NeARLY OPPOSITe, WITH 3 MM SPACeS beTWeeN PINNULeS ON ONe SIde Of THe STeM, ANd ARe CURVed dISTALLY (
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<figureCitation id="13622A2BFFA42627E4D5FC2FF2740FD3" box="[1022,1142,932,956]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1776,1798]" captionTargetBox="[155,1433,198,1754]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[151,1436,193,1755]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 7. Heteropathes cf. americana: a, G73229, entire corallum; b, G61967, section of an anterior pinnule with subpinnules; c, G61967, section of lateral pinnule with spines; d–e, G73229, spines on sections of anterior pinnules." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1440239/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="322">FIgURe 7A</figureCitation>
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). ANTeRIOR PINNULeS RANge beTWeeN 0.8 CM ANd 1 CM LeNgTH, ARe SPACed 0.1 CM TO 0.2 CM APART ANd HAVe ONe TO TWO ORdeRS Of SUbPINNULeS (
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<figureCitation id="13622A2BFFA42627E7B6FC67F70D086A" box="[157,271,1004,1029]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1776,1798]" captionTargetBox="[155,1433,198,1754]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[151,1436,193,1755]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 7. Heteropathes cf. americana: a, G73229, entire corallum; b, G61967, section of an anterior pinnule with subpinnules; c, G61967, section of lateral pinnule with spines; d–e, G73229, spines on sections of anterior pinnules." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1440239/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="322">FIgURe 7b</figureCitation>
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). FOUR TO fIVe ROWS Of SPINeS CAN be SeeN fROM ONe ASPeCT ON LATeRAL PINNULeS (
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<figureCitation id="13622A2BFFA42627E347FC67F2D9086B" box="[1132,1243,1004,1028]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1776,1798]" captionTargetBox="[155,1433,198,1754]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[151,1436,193,1755]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 7. Heteropathes cf. americana: a, G73229, entire corallum; b, G61967, section of an anterior pinnule with subpinnules; c, G61967, section of lateral pinnule with spines; d–e, G73229, spines on sections of anterior pinnules." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1440239/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="322">FIgURe 7C</figureCitation>
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) ANd TWO ROWS Of SPINeS CAN be SeeN fROM ONe ASPeCT ON ANTeRIOR PINNULeS (
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<figureCitation id="13622A2BFFA42627E438FB9BF5870847" box="[787,901,1039,1064]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1776,1798]" captionTargetBox="[155,1433,198,1754]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[151,1436,193,1755]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 7. Heteropathes cf. americana: a, G73229, entire corallum; b, G61967, section of an anterior pinnule with subpinnules; c, G61967, section of lateral pinnule with spines; d–e, G73229, spines on sections of anterior pinnules." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1440239/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="322">FIgURe 7d</figureCitation>
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). SPINeS ON LATeRAL PINNULeS ARe SMOOTH, SIMPLe, 0.045 MM IN HeIgHT, ANd ARe TRIANgULAR, ACUTe ANd COMPReSSed (
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<figureCitation id="13622A2BFFA42627E45EFBBFF5E90823" box="[885,1003,1076,1100]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1776,1798]" captionTargetBox="[155,1433,198,1754]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[151,1436,193,1755]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 7. Heteropathes cf. americana: a, G73229, entire corallum; b, G61967, section of an anterior pinnule with subpinnules; c, G61967, section of lateral pinnule with spines; d–e, G73229, spines on sections of anterior pinnules." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1440239/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="322">FIgURe 7C</figureCitation>
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). SPINeS ON ANTeRIOR PINNULeS ARe LeSS UNIfORMLY SHAPed, RANgINg fROM TRIANgULAR TO eXTReMeLY dISTALLY INCLINed, VARYINg IN HeIgHT fROM 0.04 MM TO 0.08 MM, ANd ARe geNeRALLY LARgeR THAN SPINeS ON LATeRAL PINNULeS, eSPeCIALLY ON THe OUTeR CONVeX SIde (
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<figureCitation id="13622A2BFFA42627E3FCFBF7F34A08FB" box="[1239,1352,1148,1172]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1776,1798]" captionTargetBox="[155,1433,198,1754]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[151,1436,193,1755]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 7. Heteropathes cf. americana: a, G73229, entire corallum; b, G61967, section of an anterior pinnule with subpinnules; c, G61967, section of lateral pinnule with spines; d–e, G73229, spines on sections of anterior pinnules." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1440239/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="322">FIgURe 7e</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3436525FFA42627E7ECFB14F2260B9B" pageId="15" pageNumber="322" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BE636AEFFA42627E7ECFB14F2260B9B" blockId="15.[151,1438,463,2037]" pageId="15" pageNumber="322">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFA42627E7ECFB14F73F08D7" bold="true" box="[199,317,1183,1208]" pageId="15" pageNumber="322">Remarks:</emphasis>
|
||
FOUR NOMINAL SPeCIeS ARe CURReNTLY ReCOgNIzed IN THe geNUS:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D2DFFA42627E33BFB2AF2D708D7" baseAuthorityName="Cooper" baseAuthorityYear="1909" box="[1040,1237,1184,1208]" class="Anthozoa" family="Cladopathidae" genus="Heteropathes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="15" pageNumber="322" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="heterorhodzos">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFA42627E33BFB2AF22608D7" box="[1040,1060,1185,1208]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="322">H</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFA42627E31DFB2BF2D708D7" box="[1078,1237,1184,1208]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="322">heterorhodzos</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(FORSTeR
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC84B5FFFA42627E26FFB2BF6D108B3" pageId="15" pageNumber="322" refId="ref8850" refString="Cooper, C. F. (1909) Antipatharia. Reports of the Percy Sladen Trust Expedition to the Indian Ocean. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London, 2 (12), 301 - 323. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1909. tb 00144. x" type="journal article">COOPeR, 1909</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D2DFFA42627E7C2FB4EF78608B3" authorityName=", Opresko" authorityYear="2003" box="[233,388,1221,1244]" class="Anthozoa" family="Cladopathidae" genus="Heteropathes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="15" pageNumber="322" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="americana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFA42627E7C2FB4EF6FF08B3" box="[233,253,1221,1244]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="322">H</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFA42627E626FB4EF78608B3" box="[269,388,1221,1244]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="322">americana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC84B5FFFA42627E6A4FB4FF43A08B3" box="[399,568,1220,1245]" pageId="15" pageNumber="322" refId="ref9735" refString="Opresko, D. M. (2003) Revision of the Antipatharia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa). Part III. Cladopathidae. Zoologische Mededelingen, 77 (31), 495 - 536." type="journal article">OPReSkO, 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D2DFFA42627E56DFB4EF4C708B3" baseAuthorityName="Opresko" baseAuthorityYear="2005" box="[582,709,1220,1244]" class="Anthozoa" family="Cladopathidae" genus="Heteropathes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="15" pageNumber="322" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pacifica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFA42627E56DFB4EF45808B3" box="[582,602,1221,1244]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="322">H</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFA42627E540FB4FF4C708B3" box="[619,709,1220,1244]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="322">pacifica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC84B5FFFA42627E5E4FB4FF57A08B2" box="[719,888,1220,1245]" pageId="15" pageNumber="322" refId="ref9771" refString="Opresko, D. M. (2005) New genera and species of antipatharian corals (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) from the North Pacific. Zoologische Mededelingen, 79 (22), 129 - 165." type="journal article">OPReSkO, 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, ANd
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D2DFFA42627E492FB4EF22C08B3" authorityName="de Matos, Braga-Henriques, Santos & Ribero" authorityYear="2014" box="[953,1070,1220,1244]" class="Anthozoa" family="Cladopathidae" genus="Heteropathes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="15" pageNumber="322" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="opreski">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFA42627E492FB4EF5CF08B3" box="[953,973,1221,1244]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="322">H</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFA42627E4F6FB4FF22C08B3" box="[989,1070,1220,1244]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="322">opreski</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
de
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC84B5FFFA42627E377FB4FF2ED08B3" box="[1116,1263,1220,1244]" pageId="15" pageNumber="322" refId="ref9112" refString="De Matos, V., Braga-Henriques, A., Santos, R. S. & Ribeiro, P. A. (2014) New species of Heteropathes (Anthozoa: Antipatharia) expands genus distribution to the NE Atlantic. Zootaxa, 3827 (2), 293 - 300. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3827.2.10" type="journal article">MATOS, 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. SPeCIeS IN THe geNUS
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D2DFFA42627E7C9FB63F77A096F" authorityName="Opresko" authorityYear="2011" box="[226,376,1256,1280]" class="Anthozoa" family="Cladopathidae" genus="Heteropathes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="15" pageNumber="322" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFA42627E7C9FB63F77A096F" box="[226,376,1256,1280]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="322">Heteropathes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
ARe IdeNTIfIed bASed ON THe ReLATIVe SIze Of SPINeS ON ANTeRIOR PINNULeS ANd SUbPINNULeS ANd dIffeReNCeS IN THe SUbPINNULATION Of THe ANTeRIOR PINNULeS. THe CIDARIS SPeCIMeN IS LeAST SIMILAR WITH
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D2DFFA42627E20CFA86F39F094B" authorityName="de Matos, Braga-Henriques, Santos & Ribero" authorityYear="2014" box="[1319,1437,1292,1316]" class="Anthozoa" family="Cladopathidae" genus="Heteropathes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="15" pageNumber="322" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="opreski">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFA42627E20CFA86F39F094B" box="[1319,1437,1292,1316]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="322">H. opreski</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
beCAUSe
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D2DFFA42627E7DCFABAF7680927" authorityName="de Matos, Braga-Henriques, Santos & Ribero" authorityYear="2014" box="[247,362,1328,1352]" class="Anthozoa" family="Cladopathidae" genus="Heteropathes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="15" pageNumber="322" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="opreski">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFA42627E7DCFABAF7680927" box="[247,362,1328,1352]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="322">H. opreski</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
HAS SHORTeR PINNULeS COMPARed TO THe STeM, HAS SeCONdARY PINNULeS ON LATeRAL PRIMARY PINNULeS, ANd MUCH HIgHeR ORdeRS Of SUbPINNULATION ON THe ANTeRIOR PRIMARY PINNULeS (“HeAVILY SUbPINNULATed” COMPARed TO ONe TO TWO ORdeRS Of SUbPINNULATION fOR THe CIDARIS SPeCIMeN). THe CIDARIS SPeCIMeN IS ALSO UNLIke
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D2DFFA42627E2AAFAF2F73409DB" baseAuthorityName="Cooper" baseAuthorityYear="1909" class="Anthozoa" family="Cladopathidae" genus="Heteropathes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="15" pageNumber="322" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="heterorhodzos">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFA42627E2AAFAF2F39709FF" box="[1409,1429,1401,1424]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="322">H</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFA42627E7BCFA17F73409DB" box="[151,310,1436,1460]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="322">heterorhodzos</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
beCAUSe
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D2DFFA42627E68FFA16F46B09DB" baseAuthorityName="Cooper" baseAuthorityYear="1909" box="[420,617,1436,1460]" class="Anthozoa" family="Cladopathidae" genus="Heteropathes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="15" pageNumber="322" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="heterorhodzos">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFA42627E68FFA16F46B09DB" box="[420,617,1436,1460]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="322">H. heterorhodzos</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
HAS fIVe TO SIX SeCONdARY PINNULeS ARISINg fROM ONe POINT ON ANTeRIOR PRIMARY PINNULeS WITH NO eVIdeNCe Of TeRTIARY PINNULeS. THeRefORe, THe CIDARIS SPeCIMeN IS LIkeLY TO be eITHeR
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D2DFFA42627E2AAFA4AF70D0993" authorityName=", Opresko" authorityYear="2003" class="Anthozoa" family="Cladopathidae" genus="Heteropathes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="15" pageNumber="322" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="americana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFA42627E2AAFA4AF70D0993" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="322">H. americana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
OR
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D2DFFA42627E61FFA6EF7B20993" baseAuthorityName="Opresko" baseAuthorityYear="2005" box="[308,432,1508,1532]" class="Anthozoa" family="Cladopathidae" genus="Heteropathes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="15" pageNumber="322" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pacifica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFA42627E61FFA6EF7B20993" box="[308,432,1508,1532]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="322">H. pacifica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
beCAUSe bOTH SPeCIeS HAVe ONe TO TWO ORdeRS Of ANTeRIOR SUbPINNULeS, LIke G73229. THeSe TWO SPeCIeS dIffeR bASed ON THe LeNgTH Of THe dISTAL eNd Of THe STeM AbOVe THe PINNULATed SeCTION WHeRe
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D2DFFA42627E2AAF982F70D0A2B" authorityName=", Opresko" authorityYear="2003" class="Anthozoa" family="Cladopathidae" genus="Heteropathes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="15" pageNumber="322" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="americana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFA42627E2AAF982F70D0A2B" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="322">H. americana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
HAS A PINNULATed SeCTION Of ~1 CM fOLLOWed dISTALLY bY>7 CM WITHOUT PINNULATION WHILe
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D2DFFA42627E3D8F9A6F3720A2B" baseAuthorityName="Opresko" baseAuthorityYear="2005" box="[1267,1392,1580,1604]" class="Anthozoa" family="Cladopathidae" genus="Heteropathes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="15" pageNumber="322" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pacifica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFA42627E3D8F9A6F3720A2B" box="[1267,1392,1580,1604]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="322">H. pacifica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
HAS PINNULeS eXTeNdINg TO NeAR THe dISTAL eNd Of THe STeM. ALTHOUgH G73229 HAS LONg eYeLASH-SHAPed LATeRAL PINNULeS, LIke
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D2DFFA42627E7E1F9FEF7650AE3" authorityName=", Opresko" authorityYear="2003" box="[202,359,1653,1676]" class="Anthozoa" family="Cladopathidae" genus="Heteropathes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="15" pageNumber="322" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="americana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFA42627E7E1F9FEF7650AE3" box="[202,359,1653,1676]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="322">H. americana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, THe STeM TIP Of THe MTQ SPeCIMeN IS bROkeN WHICH MAkeS IT dIffICULT TO IdeNTIfY THe SPeCIeS bASed ON THe LeNgTH Of THe UPPeRMOST UNPINNULATed SeCTION Of THe STeM. THeSe TWO SPeCIeS ALSO dIffeR IN THe ReLATIVe SIze Of SPINeS beTWeeN LATeRAL ANd ANTeRIOR PINNULeS WHeRe, LIke THe CIDARIS SPeCIMeN,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D2DFFA42627E3B3F936F3370ABB" authorityName=", Opresko" authorityYear="2003" box="[1176,1333,1725,1748]" class="Anthozoa" family="Cladopathidae" genus="Heteropathes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="15" pageNumber="322" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="americana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFA42627E3B3F936F3370ABB" box="[1176,1333,1725,1748]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="322">H. americana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
COLONIeS HAVe SIgNIfICANTLY LARgeR SPINeS ON OUTeR CONVeX SIdeS Of ANTeRIOR PINNULeS WHILe
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D2DFFA42627E31CF96AF2B40A97" baseAuthorityName="Opresko" baseAuthorityYear="2005" box="[1079,1206,1760,1784]" class="Anthozoa" family="Cladopathidae" genus="Heteropathes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="15" pageNumber="322" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pacifica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFA42627E31CF96AF2B40A97" box="[1079,1206,1760,1784]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="322">H. pacifica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
HAS geNeRALLY eqUAL SPINe HeIgHTS beTWeeN PINNULe
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E2880CFFA42627E6C4F88FF42D0B73" box="[495,559,1796,1820]" pageId="15" pageNumber="322">TYPeS</typeStatus>
|
||
. ALTHOUgH THIS SPeCIMeN MOST ReSeMbLeS
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D2DFFA42627E4D6F88EF2950B73" authorityName=", Opresko" authorityYear="2003" box="[1021,1175,1797,1820]" class="Anthozoa" family="Cladopathidae" genus="Heteropathes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="15" pageNumber="322" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="americana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFA42627E4D6F88EF2950B73" box="[1021,1175,1797,1820]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="322">H. americana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, THe STeM TIP IS bROkeN, ANd THe COLONY LACkS POLYPS, WHICH ARe feATUReS THAT WOULd ALLOW OUR SPeCIeS IdeNTIfICATION TO be MORe defINITIVe. ALSO, THe CIDARIS SPeCIMeN HAS fOUR TO fIVe ROWS Of SPINeS VISIbLe IN ONe VIeW Of LATeRAL PINNULeS ANd TWO ROWS Of SPINeS VISIbLe IN ONe VIeW Of ANTeRIOR PINNULeS, WHICH IS MORe IN LINe WITH
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D2DFFA42627E4F9F8FAF24C0BE7" baseAuthorityName="Opresko" baseAuthorityYear="2005" box="[978,1102,1904,1928]" class="Anthozoa" family="Cladopathidae" genus="Heteropathes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="15" pageNumber="322" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pacifica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFA42627E4F9F8FAF24C0BE7" box="[978,1102,1904,1928]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="322">H. pacifica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(THe
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D2DFFA42627E3ACF8FAF3010BE7" baseAuthorityName="Opresko" baseAuthorityYear="2005" box="[1159,1283,1904,1928]" class="Anthozoa" family="Cladopathidae" genus="Heteropathes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="15" pageNumber="322" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pacifica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFA42627E3ACF8FAF3010BE7" box="[1159,1283,1904,1928]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="322">H. pacifica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E2880CFFA42627E221F8FAF3380BE7" box="[1290,1338,1905,1928]" pageId="15" pageNumber="322">TYPe</typeStatus>
|
||
HAS fOUR TO fIVe ANd THRee ROWS Of SPINeS IN ONe VIeW Of LATeRAL ANd ANTeRIOR PINNULeS, ReSPeCTIVeLY), bUT NOT TOO dIffeReNT THAN
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D2DFFA42627E7BCF832F7320BBF" authorityName=", Opresko" authorityYear="2003" box="[151,304,1977,2000]" class="Anthozoa" family="Cladopathidae" genus="Heteropathes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="15" pageNumber="322" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="americana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFA42627E7BCF832F7320BBF" box="[151,304,1977,2000]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="322">H. americana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
THAT IT COULdN’T ReVeAL PLASTICITY fOR THe CHARACTeRISTIC (THe
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D2DFFA42627E49EF832F24C0BBF" authorityName=", Opresko" authorityYear="2003" box="[949,1102,1977,2000]" class="Anthozoa" family="Cladopathidae" genus="Heteropathes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="15" pageNumber="322" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="americana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFA42627E49EF832F24C0BBF" box="[949,1102,1977,2000]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="322">H. americana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E2880CFFA42627E37FF832F2860BBF" box="[1108,1156,1977,2000]" pageId="15" pageNumber="322">TYPe</typeStatus>
|
||
HAS fIVe TO eIgHT ANd TWO TO THRee ROWS Of SPINeS IN ONe VIeW Of LATeRAL ANd ANTeRIOR PINNULeS, ReSPeCTIVeLY).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF266626FFBB2638E7BCF97BF3320B4A" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1440239/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="323" startId="16.[151,250,1776,1798]" targetBox="[155,1433,198,1754]" targetPageId="16">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE636AEFFBB2638E7BCF97BF3320B4A" blockId="16.[151,1436,1776,1829]" pageId="16" pageNumber="323">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFBB2638E7BCF97BF71B0B69" bold="true" box="[151,281,1776,1798]" pageId="16" pageNumber="323">FIGURE 7.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D2DFFBB2638E60DF97BF44F0B69" authorityName=", Opresko" authorityYear="2003" box="[294,589,1776,1798]" class="Anthozoa" family="Cladopathidae" genus="Heteropathes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="16" pageNumber="323" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="americana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFBB2638E60DF97BF7AC0B69" box="[294,430,1776,1798]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="323">Heteropathes</emphasis>
|
||
cf.
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFBB2638E6CAF97AF44F0B69" box="[481,589,1777,1798]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="323">americana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFBB2638E54AF97BF46F0B69" bold="true" box="[609,621,1776,1798]" pageId="16" pageNumber="323">a</emphasis>
|
||
, G73229, entire corallum;
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFBB2638E4B1F97BF5AA0B69" bold="true" box="[922,936,1776,1798]" pageId="16" pageNumber="323">b</emphasis>
|
||
, G61967, section of an anterior pinnule with subpinnules;
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFBB2638E636F884F72A0B4A" bold="true" box="[285,296,1807,1829]" pageId="16" pageNumber="323">c</emphasis>
|
||
, G61967, section of lateral pinnule with spines;
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFBB2638E43FF884F5390B4A" bold="true" box="[788,827,1807,1829]" pageId="16" pageNumber="323">d–e</emphasis>
|
||
, G73229, spines on sections of anterior pinnules.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3436525FFBB2639E7ECF8D9F7380CDF" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="324" pageId="16" pageNumber="323" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE636AEFFBB2638E7ECF8D9F3770BB9" blockId="16.[151,1437,1874,2006]" pageId="16" pageNumber="323">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFBB2638E7ECF8D9F7600B04" bold="true" box="[199,354,1874,1899]" pageId="16" pageNumber="323">Distribution:</emphasis>
|
||
THIS SPeCIeS IS kNOWN TO OCCUR IN THe NORTHWeST ATLANTIC OCeAN ANd CARIbbeAN SeA beTWeeN THe dePTHS Of 895 M TO 2200 M ANd THIS STUdY POTeNTIALLY eXPANdS THe dISTRIbUTION TO THe CORAL SeA,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34E763EFFBB2638E3F0F8FDF3400BE1" box="[1243,1346,1910,1934]" name="Australia" pageId="16" pageNumber="323">AUSTRALIA</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13622A2BFFBB2638E27BF8FDF6B60BDD" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1969,1991]" captionTargetBox="[211,1380,226,1901]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[183,1402,193,1941]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. a, Map of collection sites for the specimens in this study and other locations globally where the same species have been collected; b, view of the Central and Eastern Indo-Pacific region; c, new black coral records from the Coral Sea." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1440227/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="323">FIgURe 1C</figureCitation>
|
||
), A RANge eXPANSION Of>15,000 kM. THIS STUdY ALSO POTeNTIALLY eXPANdS THe geNUS (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D2DFFBB2638E37EF811F2E90BDD" authorityName="Opresko" authorityYear="2011" box="[1109,1259,1946,1970]" class="Anthozoa" family="Cladopathidae" genus="Heteropathes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="16" pageNumber="323" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFBB2638E37EF811F2E90BDD" box="[1109,1259,1946,1970]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="323">Heteropathes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) ANd THe fAMILY (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D2DFFBB2638E7B7F836F7470BB9" authorityName="Brook" authorityYear="1889" box="[156,325,1981,2006]" class="Anthozoa" family="Cladopathidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="16" pageNumber="323" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="family">CLAdOPATHIdAe</taxonomicName>
|
||
) TO THe CORAL SeA,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34E763EFFBB2638E53FF835F47D0BB9" box="[532,639,1982,2006]" name="Australia" pageId="16" pageNumber="323">AUSTRALIA</collectingCountry>
|
||
, WITH RANge eXPANSIONS Of> 8,000 kM ANd ~2,000 kM, ReSPeCTIVeLY.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE636AEFFBA2639E7BCFF13F7380CDF" blockId="17.[151,314,152,178]" box="[151,314,152,178]" pageId="17" pageNumber="324">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFBA2639E7BCFF13F7380CDF" bold="true" box="[151,314,152,178]" pageId="17" pageNumber="324">CONCLUSION</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3436525FFBA2639E7BCFF54F72D0F10" pageId="17" pageNumber="324" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE636AEFFBA2639E7BCFF54F7E40E78" blockId="17.[151,1437,222,895]" pageId="17" pageNumber="324">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B313CF3FFBA2639E7BCFF54F3640D0C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1913889440" collectionCode="OUR, THAT, CORALS, IN, CORAL, THAN" country="American Samoa" location="We" pageId="17" pageNumber="324" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED48AE6BFFBA2639E7BCFF54F6C10C98" box="[151,195,223,247]" pageId="17" pageNumber="324">OUR</collectionCode>
|
||
ReSULTS deMONSTRATe
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED48AE6BFFBA2639E686FF54F7D50C98" box="[429,471,223,247]" pageId="17" pageNumber="324">THAT</collectionCode>
|
||
THe dIVeRSITY Of bLACk
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED48AE6BFFBA2639E5FCFF54F53A0C99" box="[727,824,223,247]" pageId="17" pageNumber="324">CORALS IN</collectionCode>
|
||
THe deeP
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED48AE6BFFBA2639E48CFF54F5E70C98" box="[935,997,223,247]" pageId="17" pageNumber="324">CORAL</collectionCode>
|
||
SeA IS HIgHeR
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED48AE6BFFBA2639E3A3FF54F2BA0C98" box="[1160,1208,223,247]" pageId="17" pageNumber="324">THAN</collectionCode>
|
||
THe SINgLe ReCORd Of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D2DFFBA2639E7BCFE88F7640D74" baseAuthorityName="Brook" baseAuthorityYear="1889" box="[151,358,259,283]" class="Anthozoa" family="Schizopathidae" genus="Abyssopathes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="17" pageNumber="324" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="lyra">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFBA2639E7BCFE88F7640D74" box="[151,358,259,283]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="324">Abyssopathes lyra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC84B5FFFBA2639E644FE89F40B0D74" box="[367,521,258,283]" pageId="17" pageNumber="324" refId="ref8690" refString="Brook, G. (1889) Report on the Antipatharia. Rep. Sci. Res. Uoy. H. M. S. Challenger. Zoology, 32 (80), 1 - 222." type="journal article">BROOk (1889)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
ReCORded PReVIOUSLY. ALL fIVe SPeCIeS IdeNTIfIed
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED48AE6BFFBA2639E31DFE88F2790D74" box="[1078,1147,259,283]" pageId="17" pageNumber="324">IN OUR</collectionCode>
|
||
COLLeCTION RePReSeNT NeW ReCORdS fOR THe RegION. THe LARge RANge eXPANSIONS (> 15,000 kM) HIgHLIgHT THe LACk Of SAMPLINg
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED48AE6BFFBA2639E3C1FEACF3020D51" box="[1258,1280,295,318]" pageId="17" pageNumber="324">IN</collectionCode>
|
||
THe deeP-SeA, ANd
|
||
<location id="8E866075FFBA2639E7ECFEC0F6EA0D0D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F087B8FFA42639E7BCFEA9F72D0F10:8E866075FFBA2639E7ECFEC0F6EA0D0D" box="[199,232,331,354]" country="American Samoa" name="We" pageId="17" pageNumber="324">We</location>
|
||
COULd ReASONAbLY eXPeCT SPeCIeS RANgeS TO CONTINUe TO eXPANd
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34E763EFFBA2639E480FEC0F5C00D0C" box="[939,962,331,355]" name="American Samoa" pageId="17" pageNumber="324">AS</collectingCountry>
|
||
MORe deeP-SeA HAbITATS ARe SURVeYed
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
. OUR ReSULTS SHOW THAT THe SPeCIeS RePORTed HeRe HAVe MUCH LARgeR geOgRAPHIC RANgeS THAN ReCORded PReVIOUSLY, ANd PROVIde fURTHeR eVIdeNCe THAT MANY bLACk CORALS ARe COSMOPOLITAN. HOWeVeR, IT IS IMPORTANT TO ReMeMbeR THAT THeSe SPeCIeS WeRe IdeNTIfIed bASed ON TRAdITIONAL MORPHOLOgICAL TAXONOMY, ANd THAT geNeTIC STUdIeS ARe Needed TO VeRIfY WHeTHeR MORPHOLOgICAL SPeCIeS ARe COMPRISed Of MULTIPLe CRYPTIC SPeCIeS COMPLeXeS THAT ARe dIffICULT TO dIffeReNTIATe MORPHOLOgICALLY.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE636AEFFBA2639E7ECFDA8F72D0F10" blockId="17.[151,1437,222,895]" pageId="17" pageNumber="324">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B313CF3FFBA2639E7ECFDA8F71E0EEC" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1913889436" collectionCode="THIS, ALSO, WITH" county="Of" location="HeRe WeRe" municipality="Of" pageId="17" pageNumber="324" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED48AE6BFFBA2639E7ECFDA8F6FB0E54" box="[199,249,547,571]" pageId="17" pageNumber="324">THIS</collectionCode>
|
||
STUdY
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED48AE6BFFBA2639E660FDA8F77A0E54" box="[331,376,547,571]" pageId="17" pageNumber="324">ALSO</collectionCode>
|
||
deMONSTRATeS THe UTILITY
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62874E22FFBA2639E5B7FDA9F4B10E54" box="[668,691,546,571]" pageId="17" pageNumber="324">Of</collectingCounty>
|
||
MUSeUM COLLeCTIONS fOR dOCUMeNTINg THe OCCURReNCe
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6B82ACD4FFBA2639E203FDA9F33D0E54" box="[1320,1343,546,571]" pageId="17" pageNumber="324">Of</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
POORLYkNOWN SPeCIeS. THe SPeCIMeNS RePORTed
|
||
<location id="8E866075FFBA2639E543FDCCF4D50E31" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F087B8FFA42639E7BCFEA9F72D0F10:8E866075FFBA2639E543FDCCF4D50E31" box="[616,727,583,606]" county="Of" municipality="Of" name="HeRe WeRe" pageId="17" pageNumber="324">HeRe WeRe</location>
|
||
HOUSed, ALONg
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED48AE6BFFBA2639E4A2FDCCF5B90E31" box="[905,955,583,606]" pageId="17" pageNumber="324">WITH</collectionCode>
|
||
OTHeR MATeRIAL COLLeCTed ON THe CIDARIS eXPedITIONS
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B313CF3FFBA2639E601FDE0F3680E80" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1913889439" collectionCode="IN, MOST, CORAL, MUCH, STILL, AWAITS, WITH, INTO, CORALS" county="Of" location="Of" municipality="Of" pageId="17" pageNumber="324" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="WeSTeRN">
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED48AE6BFFBA2639E601FDE0F7420EED" box="[298,320,619,642]" pageId="17" pageNumber="324">IN</collectionCode>
|
||
THe MTQ COLLeCTION fOR ALMOST 30 YeARS. THe CIDARIS eXPedITIONS ReMAIN THe
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED48AE6BFFBA2639E3DFFDE0F3280EEC" box="[1268,1322,619,643]" pageId="17" pageNumber="324">MOST</collectionCode>
|
||
COMPLeTe SAMPLINg
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62874E22FFBA2639E62CFD05F71C0EC8" box="[263,286,654,679]" pageId="17" pageNumber="324">Of</collectingCounty>
|
||
bIOdIVeRSITY
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED48AE6BFFBA2639E693FD04F7CC0EC9" box="[440,462,655,678]" pageId="17" pageNumber="324">IN</collectionCode>
|
||
THe deeP
|
||
<collectingRegion id="499DF84CFFBA2639E569FD04F49B0EC8" box="[578,665,655,679]" country="American Samoa" name="Western" pageId="17" pageNumber="324">WeSTeRN</collectingRegion>
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED48AE6BFFBA2639E588FD04F4E30EC8" box="[675,737,655,679]" pageId="17" pageNumber="324">CORAL</collectionCode>
|
||
SeA, bUT
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED48AE6BFFBA2639E479FD04F5920EC8" box="[850,912,655,679]" pageId="17" pageNumber="324">MUCH</collectionCode>
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6B82ACD4FFBA2639E4B1FD05F5B30EC8" box="[922,945,654,679]" pageId="17" pageNumber="324">Of</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
THe MATeRIAL
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED48AE6BFFBA2639E367FD04F2C50EC8" box="[1100,1223,655,679]" pageId="17" pageNumber="324">STILL AWAITS</collectionCode>
|
||
eXAMINATION fROM ReSeARCHeRS
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED48AE6BFFBA2639E634FD38F7530EA5" box="[287,337,691,714]" pageId="17" pageNumber="324">WITH</collectionCode>
|
||
SUffICIeNT TAXONOMIC eXPeRTISe. DeSPITe ReCeIVINg LITTLe ATTeNTION fOR 30 YeARS, THeSe SPeCIMeNS HAVe NOW PROVIded NeW INSIgHTS
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED48AE6BFFBA2639E538FD5CF43D0E80" box="[531,575,727,751]" pageId="17" pageNumber="324">INTO</collectionCode>
|
||
THe dIVeRSITY ANd TAXONOMY
|
||
<location id="8E866075FFBA2639E4A1FD5DF5A30E80" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F087B8FFA42639E7BCFEA9F72D0F10:8E866075FFBA2639E4A1FD5DF5A30E80" box="[906,929,726,751]" county="Of" municipality="Of" name="Of" pageId="17" pageNumber="324" stateProvince="WeSTeRN">Of</location>
|
||
bLACk
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED48AE6BFFBA2639E4DBFD5CF2500E81" box="[1008,1106,727,751]" pageId="17" pageNumber="324">CORALS IN</collectionCode>
|
||
THe deeP SeA. THeRefORe
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B313CF3FFBA2639E25CFD5CF7F20F58" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1913889437" collectionCode="OUR, IN, SUCH" country="American Samoa" location="Of" pageId="17" pageNumber="324" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED48AE6BFFBA2639E25CFD5CF39E0E80" box="[1399,1436,727,751]" pageId="17" pageNumber="324">OUR</collectionCode>
|
||
ReSULTS deMONSTRATe THe VALUe
|
||
<location id="8E866075FFBA2639E6C5FD71F4070F7C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F087B8FFA42639E7BCFEA9F72D0F10:8E866075FFBA2639E6C5FD71F4070F7C" box="[494,517,762,787]" country="American Samoa" name="Of" pageId="17" pageNumber="324">Of</location>
|
||
MUSeUM COLLeCTIONS fOR dOCUMeNTINg bIOdIVeRSITY, PARTICULARLY
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED48AE6BFFBA2639E3F5FD70F2F60F7D" box="[1246,1268,763,786]" pageId="17" pageNumber="324">IN</collectionCode>
|
||
POORLY-kNOWN HAbITATS
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED48AE6BFFBA2639E7D2FC94F72E0F58" box="[249,300,799,823]" country="Georgia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14155" name="Sukhumi Botanical Garden of Georgian Academy of Sciences" pageId="17" pageNumber="324">SUCH</collectionCode>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34E763EFFBA2639E613FC94F74D0F58" box="[312,335,799,823]" name="American Samoa" pageId="17" pageNumber="324">AS</collectingCountry>
|
||
THe deeP SeA
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B313CF3FFBA2639E6D4FC94F72D0F10" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1913889438" collectionCode="SUCH, CAN, INTO" country="American Samoa" location="Of" pageId="17" pageNumber="324" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED48AE6BFFBA2639E6D4FC94F4350F58" box="[511,567,799,823]" country="Georgia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14155" name="Sukhumi Botanical Garden of Georgian Academy of Sciences" pageId="17" pageNumber="324">SUCH</collectionCode>
|
||
kNOWLedge
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED48AE6BFFBA2639E5E3FC94F4ED0F58" box="[712,751,799,823]" pageId="17" pageNumber="324">CAN</collectionCode>
|
||
PROVIde IMPORTANT INSIgHTS
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED48AE6BFFBA2639E31DFC94F2600F58" box="[1078,1122,799,823]" pageId="17" pageNumber="324">INTO</collectionCode>
|
||
THe CONSeqUeNCeS
|
||
<location id="8E866075FFBA2639E26BFC95F3550F58" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F087B8FFA42639E7BCFEA9F72D0F10:8E866075FFBA2639E26BFC95F3550F58" box="[1344,1367,798,823]" country="American Samoa" name="Of" pageId="17" pageNumber="324">Of</location>
|
||
RAPId eNVIRONMeNTAL CHANge ON SPeCIeS dISTRIbUTIONS, ANd PROVIde VALUAbLe INfORMATION TO INfORM CONSeRVATION ANd MANAgeMeNT.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |