283 lines
26 KiB
XML
283 lines
26 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.792.28034" ID-GBIF-Dataset="7fd0c3bc-e8fa-411a-9c71-dc8a4dcaa155" ID-PMC="PMC6207639" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-792-69" ID-PubMed="30386160" ID-ZBK="A8CFA44B27C4463B980C4A0EE3E0108B" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2018" ModsDocID="1313-2970-792-69" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 792" ModsDocTitle="A revision of Lycinella Gorham, 1884 with the description of six new species (Coleoptera, Lycidae, Calopterini)" checkinTime="1540346565951" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Ferreira, Vinicius S. & Ivie, Michael A." docDate="2018" docId="03EF98F4995732F282C7D8DBA84E87C1" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 792: 69-89" docOrigin="ZooKeys 792" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.792.28034" docTitle="Lycinella Gorham 1884" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="69" masterDocId="900202059E30FFB4FFA0FF91FFF6FFAE" masterDocTitle="A revision of Lycinella Gorham, 1884 with the description of six new species (Coleoptera, Lycidae, Calopterini)" masterLastPageNumber="89" masterPageNumber="69" pageNumber="69" updateTime="1668166337875" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A revision of Lycinella Gorham, 1884 with the description of six new species (Coleoptera, Lycidae, Calopterini)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Ferreira, Vinicius S.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Ivie, Michael A.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2018</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>792</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>69</mods:start>
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<mods:end>89</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.792.28034</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.792.28034</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-792-69</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">A8CFA44B27C4463B980C4A0EE3E0108B</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">A8CFA44B27C4463B980C4A0EE3E0108B</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="148967436" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EF98F4995732F282C7D8DBA84E87C1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EF98F4995732F282C7D8DBA84E87C1" lastPageNumber="69" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="69" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName authority="Gorham, 1884" authorityName="Gorham" authorityYear="1884" class="Insecta" family="Lycidae" genus="Lycinella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lycinella" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lycinella Gorham, 1884</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="69" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lycidae" genus="Lycinella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lycinella" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lycinella</taxonomicName>
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Gorham, 1884: 248;
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<bibRefCitation pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Bertkau 1886</bibRefCitation>
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: 290;
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<bibRefCitation pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Bourgeois 1891</bibRefCitation>
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: 344;
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<bibRefCitation author="Pic, M" journalOrPublisher="l'Echange, Revue Linneenne Hors texte" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" pagination="21 - 24" title="Contribution a l'etude des Lycides." volume="409" year="1921">Pic 1921</bibRefCitation>
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: 21;
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<bibRefCitation author="Kleine, R" journalOrPublisher="In: Junk W, Schenkling S (Eds) Coleopterorum Catalogueus auspiciis et auxilio, Berlin" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" title="Lycidae Pars 128." year="1933">Kleine 1933</bibRefCitation>
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: 34;
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<bibRefCitation author="Blackwelder, RE" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the United States National Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" pagination="1 - 925" title="Checklist of the coleopterous insects of Mexico, Central America, the West Indies and South America." url="https://doi.org/10.5479/si.03629236.185.3" volume="185" year="1945">Blackwelder 1945</bibRefCitation>
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: 348;
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<bibRefCitation author="Bocakova, M" journalOrPublisher="Studies on Neotropical Fauna and Environment" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" pagination="207 - 234" title="Revision of the tribe Calopterini (Coleoptera, Lycidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1076/snfe.38.3.207.28169" volume="38" year="2003">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Bocáková">Bocakova</normalizedToken>
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2003
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</bibRefCitation>
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: 212, 230;
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<bibRefCitation author="Bocakova, M" journalOrPublisher="Insect Systematics and Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" pagination="437 - 447" title="Phylogeny and classification of the tribe Calopterini (Coleoptera, Lycidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1163/187631204788912472" volume="35" year="2005">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Bocáková">Bocakova</normalizedToken>
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2005
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</bibRefCitation>
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: 445;
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<bibRefCitation author="Bocak, L" journalOrPublisher="Annales Zoologici" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" pagination="695 - 720" title="Phylogeny and classification of the family Lycidae (Insecta: Coleoptera)." url="https://doi.org/10.3161/000345408X396639" volume="58" year="2008">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Bocák">Bocak</normalizedToken>
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and
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Bocáková">Bocakova</normalizedToken>
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2008
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</bibRefCitation>
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: 713.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="69" type="type species">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Type species.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lycidae" genus="Lycinella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lycinella opaca" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="opaca">Lycinella opaca</taxonomicName>
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Gorham, 1884 (subsequent designation by
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<bibRefCitation pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Bourgeois 1891</bibRefCitation>
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: 345)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="69" type="differential diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lycidae" genus="Lycinella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lycinella" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lycinella</taxonomicName>
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can be easily identified among other
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<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" rank="tribe" tribe="Leptolycini">Leptolycini</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" rank="tribe" tribe="Calopterini">Calopterini</taxonomicName>
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by the subserrate antennae (Figs 13-20) with antennomere III longer than II but much shorter than IV, the relatively long and strongly hooked mandibles (Figure 22), the normal maxillary palps (Figure 23) and by the presence of eight discal stemmata on the pronotum (Figure 11) and stemmata on the pro- and mesocoxae (Figure 12).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="69" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">General dorsal coloration dark brown to black, with pronotum black, yellow-brown or yellow in some species bearing dark macula in discal portion or with complete longitudinal medial region (Figs 1-9). Body densely setose, dorsal pubescence long and erect, remainder of body with fine yellow pubescence throughout (Figs 1-9).</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
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Figures 1-9. Dorsal habitus of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lycidae" genus="Lycinella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lycinella" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lycinella</taxonomicName>
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. 1
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<taxonomicName lsidName="L. opaca" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" rank="species" species="opaca">L. opaca</taxonomicName>
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Gorham, 1884 (lectotype) 2
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<taxonomicName lsidName="L. parvula" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" rank="species" species="parvula">L. parvula</taxonomicName>
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Gorham, 1884 (lectotype) 3
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<taxonomicName lsidName="L. parvula" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" rank="species" species="parvula">L. parvula</taxonomicName>
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4
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<taxonomicName lsidName="L. adamantis" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" rank="species" species="adamantis">L. adamantis</taxonomicName>
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5
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<taxonomicName lsidName="L. hansoni" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" rank="species" species="hansoni">L. hansoni</taxonomicName>
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6
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<taxonomicName lsidName="L. milleri" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" rank="species" species="milleri">L. milleri</taxonomicName>
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7
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<taxonomicName lsidName="L. cidaoi" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" rank="species" species="cidaoi">L. cidaoi</taxonomicName>
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8
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<taxonomicName lsidName="L. marshalli" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" rank="species" species="marshalli">L. marshalli</taxonomicName>
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9
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<taxonomicName lsidName="L. pugliesae" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" rank="species" species="pugliesae">L. pugliesae</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
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Head as long as wide, widest behind eyes, posteriorly partially covered by pronotum, hypognathous. Eyes hemispherical, projecting anterolaterally when viewed dorsally; coarsely granulate. Mouthparts: Maxillary palp four-segmented, with last palpomere acuminate, densely setose (Figure 23). Labial palp 3-segmented, palpomeres I and II subequal in length, palpomere III elongate and cylindrical, acuminate, densely setose (Figure 23). Mandibles moderately enlarged to elongate, strongly hooked apically (Figure 22). Posterior margin of epistoma emarginate, labrum wider than long or longer than wide, setose (Fig. 21). Antennae inserted on gibbous prominence; subserrate to filiform; 11-segmented, with sparse short bristle-like setae on apices of antennomeres; reaching middle of elytra; scape conical to subconical, antennomere III approx. 1.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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longer than II, much shorter than IV; flagellomeres decreasing in length towards apex.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
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Prothorax: pronotum wider than long, trapezoidal; margins prominent; anterior angles round, posterior angles acute or moderately rounded; longitudinal carina in anterior portion of pronotum strongly to hardly visible, bifurcate posteriorly (Figs 1-9); eight pronotal stemmata located on edges of pronotum (Figs 1-9, 11). Hypomeron concave, hypomeral stemmata absent. Mesothorax: mesospiracles elongate, slightly protuberant (Figure 25). Prosternum V-shaped; posterior margin rounded to bifurcate and divergent; laterally reaching hypomeron (Figure 25). Mesoventrite trapezoidal, posteriorly reaching anterior margin of metaventrite, connected to mesanepisternum by additional segment, mesepimeron more densely pubescent than surrounding sclerites (Figure 25). Mesonotum (as represented by
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<taxonomicName lsidName="L. parvula" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" rank="species" species="parvula">L. parvula</taxonomicName>
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) divided by scutellum into halves, posteriorly divergent (Figure 25); scutellum shortened, posteriorly bifurcate, of variable size (Figs 1-9; 26). Metathorax: metaventrite convex, posterolateral angles pronounced, acute; metadiscrimen complete; metanepisternum and metepimeron elongate (Figure 25-26), metendosternite (as represented by
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<taxonomicName lsidName="L. parvula" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" rank="species" species="parvula">L. parvula</taxonomicName>
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) elongate, membranous, with strongly visible ventral longitudinal flange, furcal arms divergent (Figure 26). Elytra subparallel, 6-11
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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longer than pronotum; reticulate, with four elytral costae more or less developed on each elytron (Figs 1-9). Membranous wings (as represented by
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<taxonomicName lsidName="L. parvula" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" rank="species" species="parvula">L. parvula</taxonomicName>
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) well developed (Figure 28). Legs: slender, elongate; protrochanthin slender and exposed (Figure 27); trochanters tubular; femora and tibiae quite elongate, clavate, subequal in length (Figure 27); pro- and mesocoxae conical, moderately elongate, obliquely positioned, procoxae contiguous, some species with stemmata on each pro- and mesocoxae (Figure 12), metacoxae wider than long (Figure 25); tarsomeres 5-5-5, narrowed, tarsomere four not expanded laterally (Figure 27).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Abdomen of males with eight ventrites; male genitalia symmetrical; median lobe tapered apically to stout (Figs 29-36); parameres rounded apically (Figs 29-36); phallobase elongate to slightly shortened, with posterior margin rounded or irregular (Figs 29-36).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="69" type="females">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Females.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Unknown.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Length (pronotum + elytra): 3.1-4.8 mm. Width (across humeri): 0.8-1.1 mm.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="69" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lycidae" genus="Lycinella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lycinella" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lycinella</taxonomicName>
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is known to occur in Panama, Guatemala, and Costa Rica (Figure 37).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="69" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Biology and immature.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
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Females are unknown and presumably neotenic. Although information about the ecology and biology of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lycidae" genus="Lycinella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lycinella" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lycinella</taxonomicName>
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is unknown we can infer from the fact they were virtually all taken in Malaise traps that males of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lycidae" genus="Lycinella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lycinella" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lycinella</taxonomicName>
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species are flight active species.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="69" type="taxonomic placement of">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
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Taxonomic placement of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lycidae" genus="Lycinella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lycinella" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lycinella</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
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The initial tribal placement of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lycidae" genus="Lycinella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lycinella" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lycinella</taxonomicName>
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was difficult because it is among the genera that, like
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lycidae" genus="Cephalolycus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cephalolycus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Cephalolycus</taxonomicName>
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Pic, 1926 and
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ripiphoridae" genus="Aporrhipis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aporrhipis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Aporrhipis</taxonomicName>
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Pascoe, 1887, shares features of both
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<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" rank="tribe" tribe="Calopterini">Calopterini</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" rank="tribe" tribe="Leptolycini">Leptolycini</taxonomicName>
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(see
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<bibRefCitation pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Miller 1991</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation author="Bocakova, M" journalOrPublisher="Studies on Neotropical Fauna and Environment" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" pagination="207 - 234" title="Revision of the tribe Calopterini (Coleoptera, Lycidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1076/snfe.38.3.207.28169" volume="38" year="2003">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Bocáková">Bocakova</normalizedToken>
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2003
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||
</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation author="Bocakova, M" journalOrPublisher="Insect Systematics and Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" pagination="437 - 447" title="Phylogeny and classification of the tribe Calopterini (Coleoptera, Lycidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1163/187631204788912472" volume="35" year="2005">2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
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||
<bibRefCitation author="Ferreira, VS" journalOrPublisher="The Coleopterists Bulletin" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" pagination="663 - 666" title="Redescription of Cephalolycusmajor Pic, 1926 (Coleoptera: Elateroidea: Lycidae) and a discussion on its taxonomic position." url="https://doi.org/10.1649/0010-065X-70.3.663" volume="70" year="2016">Ferreira and Ivie 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Ferreira, VS" journalOrPublisher="The Coleopterists Bulletin" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" pagination="371 - 375" title="Redescription of Aporrhipis Pascoe, 1887 (Coleoptera: Lycidae), with a discussion of its tribal placement." url="https://doi.org/10.1649/0010-065X-72.2.371" volume="72" year="2018">Ferreira et al. 2018</bibRefCitation>
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||
).
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<bibRefCitation author="Bocak, L" journalOrPublisher="Polskie Pismo Entomologiczne" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" pagination="623 - 676" title="Revision of the suprageneric classification of the family Lycidae (Coleoptera)." volume="59" year="1990">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Bocák">Bocak</normalizedToken>
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||
and
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Bocáková">Bocakova</normalizedToken>
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||
(1990)
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||
</bibRefCitation>
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||
placed the genus in the
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<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" rank="tribe" tribe="Leptolycini">Leptolycini</taxonomicName>
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, but based on examination of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lycidae" genus="Lycinella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lycinella humeralis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="humeralis">Lycinella humeralis</taxonomicName>
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, here moved to the Leptolycine genus
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lycidae" genus="Ceratoprion" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ceratoprion" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Ceratoprion</taxonomicName>
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||
.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
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The subtribe
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<taxonomicName genus="Acroleptina" lsidName="Acroleptina" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" rank="genus">Acroleptina</taxonomicName>
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(
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<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" rank="tribe" tribe="Calopterini">Calopterini</taxonomicName>
|
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), where
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lycidae" genus="Lycinella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lycinella" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lycinella</taxonomicName>
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is currently placed, are suspected of having neotenous females (
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<bibRefCitation author="Barancikova, B" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" pagination="61 - 65" title="Review of the genus Ceratopriomorphus Pic, 1922 (Coleoptera: Lycidae)." volume="2683" year="2010">Barancikova et al. 2010</bibRefCitation>
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||
), as do the known
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" rank="tribe" tribe="Leptolycini">Leptolycini</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Miller 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Kazantsev, SV" journalOrPublisher="Russian Entomological Journal" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" pagination="9 - 31" title="New and little-known taxa of " neotenic " Lycidae (Coleoptera), with discussion of their phylogeny." volume="22" year="2013">Kazantsev 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, Ferreira and Ivie unpublished). Males of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lycidae" genus="Lycinella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lycinella" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lycinella</taxonomicName>
|
||
conform to the general morphology of the groups with known or suspected neotenous females.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Ferreira, VS" journalOrPublisher="The Coleopterists Bulletin" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" pagination="663 - 666" title="Redescription of Cephalolycusmajor Pic, 1926 (Coleoptera: Elateroidea: Lycidae) and a discussion on its taxonomic position." url="https://doi.org/10.1649/0010-065X-70.3.663" volume="70" year="2016">Ferreira and Ivie (2016)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Ferreira, VS" journalOrPublisher="The Coleopterists Bulletin" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" pagination="371 - 375" title="Redescription of Aporrhipis Pascoe, 1887 (Coleoptera: Lycidae), with a discussion of its tribal placement." url="https://doi.org/10.1649/0010-065X-72.2.371" volume="72" year="2018">Ferreira et al. (2018)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, discuss the morphological delimitation between males of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" rank="tribe" tribe="Calopterini">Calopterini</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" rank="tribe" tribe="Leptolycini">Leptolycini</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which is based on a weak tarsal character (
|
||
<bibRefCitation pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Miller 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Ferreira, VS" journalOrPublisher="The Coleopterists Bulletin" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" pagination="663 - 666" title="Redescription of Cephalolycusmajor Pic, 1926 (Coleoptera: Elateroidea: Lycidae) and a discussion on its taxonomic position." url="https://doi.org/10.1649/0010-065X-70.3.663" volume="70" year="2016">Ferreira and Ivie 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and placement of taxa such as
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lycidae" genus="Cephalolycus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cephalolycus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Cephalolycus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ripiphoridae" genus="Aporrhipis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aporrhipis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Aporrhipis</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="Acroleptina" lsidName="Acroleptina" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" rank="genus">Acroleptina</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Ferreira, VS" journalOrPublisher="The Coleopterists Bulletin" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" pagination="663 - 666" title="Redescription of Cephalolycusmajor Pic, 1926 (Coleoptera: Elateroidea: Lycidae) and a discussion on its taxonomic position." url="https://doi.org/10.1649/0010-065X-70.3.663" volume="70" year="2016">Ferreira and Ivie 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Kazantsev, SV" journalOrPublisher="Russian Entomological Journal" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" pagination="127 - 146" title="New leptolycines from Ecuador and Peru (Coleoptera: Lycidae)." volume="26" year="2017">Kazantsev 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) remains unclear. Although
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lycidae" genus="Lycinella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lycinella" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lycinella</taxonomicName>
|
||
has the narrow tarsomere IV normally present in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" rank="tribe" tribe="Leptolycini">Leptolycini</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lycidae" genus="Lycinella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lycinella" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lycinella</taxonomicName>
|
||
lacks the reduced mouthparts found in all adult male
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" rank="tribe" tribe="Leptolycini">Leptolycini</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In the absence of molecular data or other evidence to the contrary, we place
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lycidae" genus="Lycinella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lycinella" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lycinella</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" rank="tribe" tribe="Calopterini">Calopterini</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
|
||
Figures 10-12. 10) Dorsal habitus of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lycidae" genus="Lycinella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lycinella humeralis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="humeralis">Lycinella humeralis</taxonomicName>
|
||
. 11 Pronotum and pronotal stemmata of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="L. parvula" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" rank="species" species="parvula">L. parvula</taxonomicName>
|
||
12 Stemmata in pro- and mesocoxae of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="L. pugliesae" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" rank="species" species="pugliesae">L. pugliesae</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |