552 lines
58 KiB
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552 lines
58 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="70E48DC995A97599B6E2432A9F22CC0A">Ten new species of lichenized Basidiomycota in the genera Dictyonema and Cora (Agaricales: Hygrophoraceae), with a key to all accepted genera and species in the Dictyonema clade</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="2A49739C2678AAE5F7AD7ED7A315C5D8">Lücking, Robert</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B885F45ACBE3EC7F61D0BC960ADF19A8">Dal-Forno, Manuela</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="1D774300358274329D58C4D2AF3B78AB">Department of Environmental Science and Policy, George Mason University, 4400 University Drive, Fairfax, VA 22030 - 4444, U. S. A. Biodiversity Assessment, Charles Darwin Foundation (AISBL), Puerto Ayora, Santa Cruz, Galápagos, Ecuador</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="F98B4D33280A453527F3C14F10C7091A">Department of Environmental Science and Policy, George Mason University, 4400 University Drive, Fairfax, VA 22030 - 4444, U. S. A. Biodiversity Assessment, Charles Darwin Foundation (AISBL), Puerto Ayora, Santa Cruz, Galápagos, Ecuador</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="06A5160703CCC7913A7CDF9B564D9048">Facultad de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco, Av. de la Cultura, Nro. 733, Cusco, Perú Fundación Instituto Botánico de Venezuela, División de Plantas no Vasculares, Sección Hongos y Líquenes, Ave. Salvador Allende, Jardín Botánico de Caracas, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Apartado # 2156, Caracas 1010 - A, Venezuela</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="9A13938C31F6B740133F3216996FD138">Instituto de Botânica, Núcleo de Pesquisa em Micologia, Caixa Postal 68041, São Paulo / SP, CEP 04045 - 972, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="6ED094CD968942C27C852BCE30DC1B0E">Moncada, Bibiana</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="5121D502733AD576032289C8314FAF8C">Licenciatura en Biología, Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas, Cra. 4 No. 26 B- 54, Torre de Laboratorios, Herbario, Bogotá, Colombia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="F8E36AAD2058454E1B48460BB82BC611">Morales, Eduardo A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="6DF74A3831D2B5CDC5E6233CC9824B29">Herbario Criptogámico, Universidad Católica Boliviana San Pablo, Calle M. Márquez esq. Plaza Jorge Trigo s / n, P. O. Box 5381, Cochabamba, Bolivia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="9110AE8CD82206337F01C0B3ED655962">Committee on Evolutionary Biology, University of Chicago, 1025 E. 57 th Street, Chicago, Illinois 60637, U. S. A.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="29E3BAB1F024C7C5B603B5F1775BD64E">Facultad de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco, Av. de la Cultura, Nro. 733, Cusco, Perú Laboratorio de Ecofisiología Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Matemática, Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal, Lima, Perú</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="507C88C09D0245514D5211CE4B0AD305">Yánez-Ayabaca, Alba</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="32C8D51E0DBA3284A781ABBED083CD08">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="16805F270331B49C919C534EA8C51F25">2013</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="EC244FB2B5C0DBA2F5B2BA6545F85DF4">2013-10-24</mods:number>
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<heading id="D08881EAD1587565FF15F89FFCF7F8EA" box="[151,862,1805,1831]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" reason="3">
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<taxonomicName id="4C7F4D05D1587565FF15F89FFD3FF8EA" authority="Wilk, Lucking & E. Morales" authorityName="Wilk, Lucking & E. Morales" authorityYear="2013" box="[151,662,1805,1831]" class="Insecta" family="Polythoridae" genus="Cora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aspera" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B90BEA94D1587565FF15F89FFE83F8EA" bold="true" box="[151,298,1805,1831]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Cora aspera</emphasis>
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Wilk, Lücking & E. Morales
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23857EFD1587565FD26F89FFD56F8EA" box="[676,767,1805,1831]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation id="13442A03D1587565FC8DF89FFCFCF8EA" box="[783,853,1805,1831]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,247,1723,1745]" captionTargetBox="[200,1387,274,1698]" captionTargetId="figure-171@8.[200,1387,274,1698]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Cora aspera. A. Specimen in the field (Colombia, Lücking 33332). B. Lobe enlarged showing rough upper surface (holotype). C. Lobe underside showing hymenophore with slightly involute, smooth margins (holotype). Scale in A–B = 10 mm, in C = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5099726" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5099726/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
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)
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<paragraph id="8BC03686D1587565FF15F8A6FE28F883" blockId="7.[151,688,1844,1909]" box="[151,385,1844,1870]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Mycobank #805377</paragraph>
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<materialsCitation id="3B173CDBD1587565FF15F8C9FD19F8B8" accessionNumber="KF443231" box="[151,688,1883,1909]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" specimenCount="1">
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Genbank ITS barcoding sequence:
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<accessionNumber id="942CAB65D1587565FDB0F8C9FD19F8B8" box="[562,688,1883,1909]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/KF443231" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">KF443231</accessionNumber>
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<paragraph id="8BC03686D1587565FF15F80CFD45F838" blockId="7.[151,1436,1950,2037]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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Differing from the superficially similar
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<taxonomicName id="4C7F4D05D1587565FDC2F80CFCACF878" authorityName="J. E. Hern. & Lucking" authorityYear="2013" box="[576,773,1950,1973]" class="Insecta" family="Polythoridae" genus="Cora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arachnoidea">
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<emphasis id="B90BEA94D1587565FDC2F80CFCACF878" box="[576,773,1950,1973]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Cora arachnoidea</emphasis>
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in the absence of a dense, distinct upper tomentum and in the epiphytic growth habit, and from the closely related
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<taxonomicName id="4C7F4D05D1587565FC80F82CFCD0F818" box="[770,889,1982,2005]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Thelephoraceae" genus="Thelephora" kingdom="Fungi" order="Thelephorales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="pavonia">
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<emphasis id="B90BEA94D1587565FC80F82CFCD0F818" box="[770,889,1982,2005]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">C. pavonia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in the plane lobe surface with scattered, indistinct upper tomentum, and in the epiphytic growth habit.
|
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C365650DD157756BFF15FF0AFD6FFC7A" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BC03686D157756AFF15FF0AFAA8FF15" blockId="8.[151,1436,152,216]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<materialsCitation id="3B173CDBD157756AFF15FF0AFAA8FF15" collectingDate="2004-12-12" collectionCode="KRAM, LPB" collectorName="La Palma" country="Bolivia" elevation="2582" latitude="-17.816668" location="Siberia region" longLatPrecision="1277" longitude="-64.666664" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Santa Cruz" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis id="B90BEA94D157756AFF15FF0AFEBBFF7F" bold="true" box="[151,274,152,178]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C48824D157756AFF15FF0AFEA4FF7F" box="[151,269,152,178]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
—
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3687616D157756AFEB3FF0AFE05FF7F" box="[305,428,152,178]" name="Bolivia" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">BOLIVIA</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B90BEA94D157756AFE35FF0AFDE6FF7F" bold="true" box="[439,591,152,178]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49BBF864D157756AFE35FF0AFDE0FF7F" box="[439,585,152,178]" country="Bolivia" name="Santa Cruz" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Santa Cruz</collectingRegion>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Caballero,
|
||
<location id="8EA0605DD157756AFD5AFF0AFCD7FF7F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D68790D158756BFF15F89FFCE8F868:8EA0605DD157756AFD5AFF0AFCD7FF7F" box="[728,894,152,178]" country="Bolivia" latitude="-17.816668" longLatPrecision="1277" longitude="-64.666664" name="Siberia region" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" stateProvince="Santa Cruz">Siberia region</location>
|
||
near
|
||
<collectorName id="268A5350D157756AFC3DFF0AFB9BFF7F" box="[959,1074,152,178]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">La Palma</collectorName>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4B5041D157756AFBBCFF0AFB02FF7F" box="[1086,1195,152,178]" degrees="17" direction="south" minutes="49" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" precision="925" value="-17.816668">17° 49' S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4B5041D157756AFB3AFF0AFA86FF7F" box="[1208,1327,152,178]" degrees="64" direction="west" minutes="40" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" precision="925" value="-64.666664">64° 40' W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4C879B63D157756AFAB9FF0AFA3EFF7F" box="[1339,1431,152,178]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.582" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="m" value="2582.0">
|
||
<elevation id="0052D1B5D157756AFAB9FF0AFA3EFF7F" box="[1339,1431,152,178]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.582" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="m" value="2582.0">2582 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
; Yungas cloud forest, epiphytic on bark;
|
||
<date id="FFC11046D157756AFDE9FF2CFCE5FF15" box="[619,844,190,216]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" value="2004-12-12">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF85E9AED157756AFDE9FF2CFCE5FF15" box="[619,844,190,216]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" value="2004-12-12">12 December 2004</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B90BEA94D157756AFCDAFF2CFC74FF15" box="[856,989,190,216]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Wilk 2780b</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6EAE43D157756AFC6EFF2CFBE0FF15" box="[1004,1097,190,216]" country="Poland" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15714" name="Polish Academy of Sciences" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="Herbarium">KRAM</collectionCode>
|
||
; isotype:
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6EAE43D157756AFB38FF2CFB5CFF15" box="[1210,1269,190,216]" country="Bolivia" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15532" name="Herbario Nacional de Bolivia, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="Herbarium">LPB</collectionCode>
|
||
).
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF00660ED157756AFF15F929FF40F8C6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5099726" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5099726" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5099726/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" startId="8.[151,247,1723,1745]" targetBox="[200,1387,274,1698]" targetPageId="8">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC03686D157756AFF15F929FF40F8C6" blockId="8.[151,1436,1723,1803]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90BEA94D157756AFF15F929FEB9F91C" bold="true" box="[151,272,1723,1745]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7F4D05D157756AFE95F929FE3FF91D" authorityName="Wilk, Lucking & E. Morales" authorityYear="2013" box="[279,406,1723,1744]" class="Insecta" family="Polythoridae" genus="Cora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aspera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90BEA94D157756AFE95F929FE3FF91D" box="[279,406,1723,1744]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Cora aspera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. A. Specimen in the field (Colombia,
|
||
<emphasis id="B90BEA94D157756AFC9AF929FC04F91D" box="[792,941,1723,1744]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Lücking 33332</emphasis>
|
||
). B. Lobe enlarged showing rough upper surface (holotype). C. Lobe underside showing hymenophore with slightly involute, smooth margins (holotype). Scale in A–B = 10 mm, in C = 1 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC03686D157756BFF44F8F3FCB6FD65" blockId="8.[151,1436,1889,2031]" lastBlockId="9.[151,1436,152,1957]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
Thallus epiphytic on twigs and branches of trees, foliose, up to
|
||
<quantity id="4C879B63D157756AFC27F8F3FC77F8B6" box="[933,990,1889,1915]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="cm" value="7.0">7 cm</quantity>
|
||
across, composed of 1–5 semicircular lobes per thallus; lobes
|
||
<quantity id="4C879B63D157756AFE28F81AFDA8F86F" box="[426,513,1928,1954]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="cm" value="3.0" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="1.0">1–5 cm</quantity>
|
||
wide and
|
||
<quantity id="4C879B63D157756AFDFAF81AFD66F86F" box="[632,719,1928,1954]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="cm" value="3.0" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="1.0">1–5 cm</quantity>
|
||
long, often branched and with short radial branching sutures, light greenish grey with slight concentric color zonation when fresh, with thin but distinct, involute, white to light grey margins, becoming white to (dark) grey in the herbarium. Upper surface rough and thinly scabrose in thin, concentric lines but lacking a continuous, distinct tomentum; trichomes where present in concentric lines, free and irregularly arranged, 0.1–0.15 mm long and
|
||
<quantity id="4C879B63D156756BFC15FF2CFBA0FF15" box="[919,1033,190,216]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="mm" value="7.5" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="5.0">5–10 µm</quantity>
|
||
thick at the base, composed of agglutinated hyphae; involute margin usually shortly pilose; lower surface ecorticate, finely felty-arachnoid (representing the exposed medulla) to almost glabrous, light grey when fresh and becoming white in the herbarium. Thallus in section
|
||
<quantity id="4C879B63D156756BFD86FEA0FD37FE81" box="[516,670,306,332]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="mm" value="250.0" valueMax="300.0" valueMin="200.0">200–300 µm</quantity>
|
||
thick, with upper cortex, photobiont layer, and medulla; upper cortex formed by a
|
||
<quantity id="4C879B63D156756BFEF9FECBFE5AFEBE" box="[379,499,345,371]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.75" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="mm" value="37.5" valueMax="50.0" valueMin="25.0">25–50 µm</quantity>
|
||
thick layer of rather loosely packed, irregularly arranged to nearly periclinal,
|
||
<quantity id="4C879B63D156756BFAFDFECBFF7FFE57" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="mm" value="4.5" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="4.0">4– 5 µm</quantity>
|
||
thick hyphae supported by an indistinct,
|
||
<quantity id="4C879B63D156756BFD41FE12FC95FE57" box="[707,828,384,410]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="mm" value="25.0" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="20.0">20–30 µm</quantity>
|
||
high 'medullary' layer of spaced groups of densely packed, anticlinal,
|
||
<quantity id="4C879B63D156756BFEF8FE34FE7FFE0D" box="[378,470,422,448]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="mm" value="4.0" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="3.0">3–5 µm</quantity>
|
||
thick hyphae; photobiont layer
|
||
<quantity id="4C879B63D156756BFCD4FE34FC76FE0D" box="[854,991,422,448]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" metricValueMax="12.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="mm" value="95.0" valueMax="120.0" valueMin="70.0">70–120 µm</quantity>
|
||
thick, composed of clusters of short, coiled cyanobacterial filaments wrapped in a dense, paraplectenchymatous hyphal sheath formed by jigsaw puzzle-shaped cells, clusters
|
||
<quantity id="4C879B63D156756BFE6EFE66FDCCFDC3" box="[492,613,500,526]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="mm" value="25.0" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="20.0">20–30 µm</quantity>
|
||
diam., individual photobiont cells
|
||
<quantity id="4C879B63D156756BFB82FE66FBD0FDC3" box="[1024,1145,500,526]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.15" metricValueMax="1.3" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="mm" value="11.5" valueMax="13.0" valueMin="10.0">10–13 µm</quantity>
|
||
broad and
|
||
<quantity id="4C879B63D156756BFB7FFE66FAF1FDC3" box="[1277,1368,500,526]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="mm" value="6.5" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="5.0">5–8 µm</quantity>
|
||
long, dark blue-green to lighter green in upper portions, penetrated by tubular fungal hyphae; heterocytes sparse, hyaline to pale yellow,
|
||
<quantity id="4C879B63D156756BFE27FDD3FDA7FD96" box="[421,526,577,603]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="mm" value="10.5" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="9.0">9–12 µm</quantity>
|
||
wide and
|
||
<quantity id="4C879B63D156756BFD04FDD3FD49FD96" box="[646,736,577,603]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="mm" value="5.5" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="5.0">5–6 µm</quantity>
|
||
long; cells of hyphal sheath wavy in lateral outline,
|
||
<quantity id="4C879B63D156756BFAC3FDD3FA35FD96" box="[1345,1436,577,603]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="mm" value="3.5" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="3.0">3–4 µm</quantity>
|
||
thick; medulla
|
||
<quantity id="4C879B63D156756BFECBFDFAFE78FD4F" box="[329,465,616,642]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="mm" value="75.0" valueMax="100.0" valueMin="50.0">50–100 µm</quantity>
|
||
thick, composed of loosely woven, irregularly arranged to more or less periclinal hyphae
|
||
<quantity id="4C879B63D156756BFF71FD1CFEE7FD65" box="[243,334,654,680]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="mm" value="4.5" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="4.0">4–5 µm</quantity>
|
||
thick; clamp connections not observed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC03686D156756BFF44FD27FCF9FC5D" blockId="9.[151,1436,152,1957]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
Hymenophore developed as elongate, resupinate patches forming more or less concentric ridges on the underside, patches
|
||
<quantity id="4C879B63D156756BFE0AFD4EFE55FD3B" box="[392,508,732,758]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="mm" value="5.5" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="1.0">1–10 mm</quantity>
|
||
long and 0.5–
|
||
<quantity id="4C879B63D156756BFD35FD4EFD50FD3B" box="[695,761,732,758]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
|
||
broad, with pale yellow, smooth surface and smooth, involute margins; hymenophore in section
|
||
<quantity id="4C879B63D156756BFD24FC90FC9BFCD1" box="[678,818,770,796]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="mm" value="75.0" valueMax="100.0" valueMin="50.0">50–100 µm</quantity>
|
||
thick, composed of a paraplectenchymatous layer resting on loose,
|
||
<quantity id="4C879B63D156756BFEEFFCBBFE65FC8E" box="[365,460,809,835]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="mm" value="5.0" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="4.0">4–6 µm</quantity>
|
||
thick, generative medullary hyphae and supporting the hymenium; hymenium composed of numerous, palisade-like basidioles and scattered basidia; basidioles 20–35 ×
|
||
<quantity id="4C879B63D156756BFB5BFCC2FA93FCA7" box="[1241,1338,848,874]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="mm" value="5.5" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="5.0">5–6 µm</quantity>
|
||
; basidia 25–40 ×
|
||
<quantity id="4C879B63D156756BFF7DFCE4FEF5FC5D" box="[255,348,886,912]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="mm" value="6.5" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="6.0">6–7 µm</quantity>
|
||
, 4-sterigmate; basidiospores not observed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC03686D156756BFF44FC0FFD6FFC7A" blockId="9.[151,1436,152,1957]" box="[198,710,925,951]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Chemistry: no substances detected by TLC.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C365650DD156756BFF44FC56FC6EFB9F" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC03686D156756BFF44FC56FC6EFB9F" blockId="9.[151,1436,152,1957]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90BEA94D156756BFF44FC56FDA3FC13" bold="true" box="[198,522,964,990]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Distribution and Ecology:</emphasis>
|
||
—This species is known from several collections from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3687616D156756BFB11FC56FABDFC13" box="[1171,1300,964,990]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3687616D156756BFAA3FC56FA3EFC13" box="[1313,1431,964,990]" name="Colombia" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3687616D156756BFF15FC78FF52FBC9" box="[151,251,1002,1028]" name="Ecuador" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3687616D156756BFE85FC78FEC8FBC9" box="[263,353,1002,1028]" name="Bolivia" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3687616D156756BFE22FC78FE73FBC9" box="[416,474,1002,1028]" name="Peru" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
. It appears to be a primarily epiphytic species, growing on twigs and branches of trees and shrubs in (upper) montane rain forest and paramo vegetation, where it competes with other foliose macrolichens such as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7F4D05D156756BFE15FBAAFDE7FB9F" box="[407,590,1080,1106]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Collemataceae" genus="Leptogium" kingdom="Fungi" order="Peltigerales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90BEA94D156756BFE15FBAAFDBDFB9F" box="[407,532,1080,1106]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Leptogium</emphasis>
|
||
spp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7F4D05D156756BFDD8FBAAFCB9FB9F" box="[602,784,1080,1106]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Lobariaceae" genus="Lobariella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" order="Peltigerales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90BEA94D156756BFDD8FBAAFD7CFB9F" box="[602,725,1080,1106]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Lobariella</emphasis>
|
||
spp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7F4D05D156756BFCCCFBAAFC6EFB9F" box="[846,967,1080,1106]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Lobariaceae" genus="Sticta" kingdom="Fungi" order="Peltigerales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90BEA94D156756BFCCCFBAAFC39FB9F" box="[846,912,1080,1106]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Sticta</emphasis>
|
||
spp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C365650DD156756BFF44FBCCFAA8FBB5" box="[198,1281,1118,1144]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC03686D156756BFF44FBCCFAA8FBB5" blockId="9.[151,1436,152,1957]" box="[198,1281,1118,1144]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90BEA94D156756BFF44FBCCFEFEFBB5" bold="true" box="[198,343,1118,1144]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Etymology:</emphasis>
|
||
—The epithet refers to the rough appearance of the surface especially when dry.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C365650DD156756BFF44FB17FCE8F868" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC03686D156756BFF44FB17FB88F95B" blockId="9.[151,1436,152,1957]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90BEA94D156756BFF44FB17FEE8FB52" bold="true" box="[198,321,1157,1183]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Remarks:</emphasis>
|
||
—
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEE4B77D156756BFEE2FB17FD8FFB52" author="Parmasto, E." box="[352,550,1157,1183]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="99 - 144" refId="ref21500" refString="Parmasto, E. (1978) The genus Dictyonema (' Thelephorolichenes'). Nova Hedwigia 29: 99 - 144." type="journal article" year="1978">Parmasto (1978)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and other authors (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEE4B77D156756BFC97FB17FBBBFB52" author="Mitidieri, J. & Joly, S. & Ferraz, E. C." box="[789,1042,1157,1183]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="119 - 121" refId="ref21116" refString="Mitidieri, J., Joly, S. & Ferraz, E. C. (1964) Teste de antibiose exercida pelo extrato do liquens Parmelia tinctorum Desp. e Cora pavonia (Web.) E. Fries. Revista de Agronomia [Piracicaba] 39: 119 - 121." type="journal article" year="1964">
|
||
Mitidieri
|
||
<emphasis id="B90BEA94D156756BFC09FB17FC60FB52" box="[907,969,1157,1183]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
1964
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEE4B77D156756BFBA3FB17FB02FB52" author="Feige, B." box="[1057,1195,1157,1183]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="169 - 180" refId="ref18729" refString="Feige, B. (1969) Stoffwechselphysiologische Untersuchungen an den tropischen Basidiolichene Cora pavonia (Sw.) Fr. Flora 160: 169 - 180." type="journal article" year="1969">Feige 1969</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEE4B77D156756BFB39FB17FA3EFB52" author="Oberwinkler, F." box="[1211,1431,1157,1183]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="139 - 169" refId="ref21251" refString="Oberwinkler, F. (1970) Die Gattungen der Basidiolichenen. Vortrage aus dem Gesamtgebiet der Botanik, N. F. 4: 139 - 169." type="book chapter" year="1970">Oberwinkler 1970</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEE4B77D156756BFF15FB3EFF7CFB0B" author="Oberwinkler, F." box="[151,213,1196,1222]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="739 - 774" refId="ref21332" refString="Oberwinkler, F. (1984) Fungus-alga interactions in basidiolichens. Beiheft zur Nova Hedwigia 79: 739 - 774." type="journal article" year="1984">1984</bibRefCitation>
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||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEE4B77D156756BFF60FB3EFE88FB0B" author="Oberwinkler, F." box="[226,289,1196,1222]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="211 - 225" refId="ref21354" refString="Oberwinkler, F. (2001) Basidiolichens. In: Hock, B. (ed.). The Mycota. Vol. IX. Fungal Associations: 211 - 225. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York." type="book chapter" year="2001">2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEE4B77D156756BFEAFFB3EFE4AFB0B" author="Parmasto, E." box="[301,483,1196,1222]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="99 - 144" refId="ref21500" refString="Parmasto, E. (1978) The genus Dictyonema (' Thelephorolichenes'). Nova Hedwigia 29: 99 - 144." type="journal article" year="1978">Parmasto 1978</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEE4B77D156756BFE72FB3EFD34FB0B" author="Coxson, D. S." box="[496,669,1196,1222]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="241 - 245" refId="ref18422" refString="Coxson, D. S. (1987 a) Effects of desiccation on net photosynthetic activity in the basidiomycete lichen Cora pavonia E. Fries from the cloud / mist zone of the tropical volcano La Soufriere (Guadeloupe). The Bryologist 90: 241 - 245." type="journal article" year="1987">Coxson 1987a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
–c;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEE4B77D156756BFD4AFB3EFBE2FB0B" author="Fritz-Sheridan, R. P. & Portecop, J." box="[712,1099,1196,1222]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="194 - 199" refId="ref18897" refString="Fritz-Sheridan, R. P. & Portecop, J. (1987) Nitrogen fixation on the tropical volcano, La Soufriere (Guadeloupe): 1. A survey of nitrogen fixation by blue-green algal microepiphytes and lichen endophytes. Biotropica 19: 194 - 199." type="journal article" year="1987">Fritz-Sheridan & Portecop 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEE4B77D156756BFBDAFB3EFAE4FB0B" author="Iacomini, M. & Zanin, S. M. W. & Fontana, J. D." box="[1112,1357,1196,1222]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="55 - 65" refId="ref19557" refString="Iacomini, M., Zanin, S. M. W. & Fontana, J. D. (1987) Isolation and characterization of B-D-glucan, heteropolysaccharide, and trehalose components of the basidiomycetous lichen Cora pavonia. Carbohydrate Research 168: 55 - 65. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1016 / 0008 - 6215 (87) 80006 - x" type="journal article" year="1987">
|
||
Iacomini
|
||
<emphasis id="B90BEA94D156756BFB48FB3EFAAFFB0B" box="[1226,1286,1196,1222]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
1987
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Fritz- Sheridan 1988;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEE4B77D156756BFED7FB41FD9CFB20" author="Hawksworth, D. L." box="[341,565,1235,1261]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="101" refId="ref18997" refString="Hawksworth, D. L. (1988) A new name for Dictyonema pavonium (Swartz) Parmasto. Lichenologist 20: 101." type="journal article" year="1988">Hawksworth 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEE4B77D156756BFDC0FB41FCDCFB20" author="Larcher, W. & Vareschi, V." box="[578,885,1235,1261]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="269 - 277" refId="ref20079" refString="Larcher, W. & Vareschi, V. (1988) Variation in morphology and functional traits of Dictyonema glabratum from contrasting habitats in the Venezuelan Andes. Lichenologist 20: 269 - 277. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1017 / s 0024282988000301" type="journal article" year="1988">Larcher & Vareschi 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEE4B77D156756BFC00FB41FBADFB20" author="Wolf, J. H. D." box="[898,1028,1235,1261]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="1 - 52" refId="ref22225" refString="Wolf, J. H. D. (1993) Epiphyte communities of tropical montane rain forests in the northern Andes. I. Lower montane communities. Phytocoenologia 22: 1 - 52." type="journal article" year="1993">Wolf 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEE4B77D156756BFB93FB41FB41FB20" author="Lange, O. L. & Budel, B. & Zellner, H. & Zotz, G. & Meyer, A." box="[1041,1256,1235,1261]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="279 - 290" refId="ref20020" refString="Lange, O. L., Budel, B., Zellner, H., Zotz, G. & Meyer, A. (1994) Field Measurements of water relations and CO 2 exchange of the tropical, cyanobacterial basidiolichen Dictyonema glabratum in a Panamanian rainforest. Botanica Acta 107: 279 - 290." type="journal article" year="1994">
|
||
Lange
|
||
<emphasis id="B90BEA94D156756BFBE6FB41FB08FB20" box="[1124,1185,1235,1261]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
1994
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEE4B77D156756BFB77FB41FF7CFADE" author="Piovano, M. & Chamy, M. C. & Garbarino, J. A. & Quilhot, W." pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="163 - 165" refId="ref21552" refString="Piovano, M., Chamy, M. C., Garbarino, J. A. & Quilhot, W. (1995) Studies on Chilean lichens XXIV. Secondary products from Dictyonema glabratum (Basidiomycotina). Boletin, Sociedad Chilena de Quimica 40: 163 - 165. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1017 / s 002428299500051 x" type="journal article" year="1995">
|
||
Piovano
|
||
<emphasis id="B90BEA94D156756BFADDFB41FA35FB20" box="[1375,1436,1235,1261]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
1995
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEE4B77D156756BFF60FB6BFE65FADE" author="Thomas, M. A. & Nash III, T. H. & Gries, C." box="[226,460,1273,1299]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="183 - 195" refId="ref21839" refString="Thomas, M. A., Nash III, T. H. & Gries, C. (1997) Ecophysiological comparison of two tropical / subtropical lichen species: Dictyonema glabratum from an alpine habitat and Coenogonium interplexum from a lowland forest. Bibliotheca Lichenologica 67: 183 - 195. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1046 / j. 1469 - 8137.2002.00360. x" type="journal article" year="1997">
|
||
Thomas
|
||
<emphasis id="B90BEA94D156756BFECBFB6BFE2CFADE" box="[329,389,1273,1299]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
1997
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEE4B77D156756BFE5BFB6BFD17FADE" author="Azenha, G. & Iturriaga, T. & Michelangeli, F. I. & Rodriguez, E." box="[473,702,1273,1299]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="8 - 14" refId="ref18045" refString="Azenha, G., Iturriaga, T., Michelangeli, F. I. & Rodriguez, E. (1998) Ethnolichenology, biological activity, and biochemistry of Amazonian lichen species. Emanations from the Rainforest 1: 8 - 14." type="journal article" year="1998">
|
||
Azenha
|
||
<emphasis id="B90BEA94D156756BFDB9FB6BFDDEFADE" box="[571,631,1273,1299]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
1998
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEE4B77D156756BFD49FB6BFC7DFADE" author="Trembley, M. L. & Ringli, C. & Honegger, R." box="[715,980,1273,1299]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="185 - 195" refId="ref21948" refString="Trembley, M. L., Ringli, C. & Honegger, R. (2002 a) Differential expression of hydrophobins DGH 1, DGH 2 and DGH 3 and immunolocalization of DGH 1 in strata of the lichenized basidocarp of Dictyonema glabratum. New Phytologist 154: 185 - 195." type="journal article" year="2002">
|
||
Trembley
|
||
<emphasis id="B90BEA94D156756BFCC7FB6BFC28FADE" box="[837,897,1273,1299]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2002a
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, b;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEE4B77D156756BFB82FB6BFAA1FADE" author="Carbonero, E. R. & Sassaki, G. L. & Gorin, P. A. J. & Iacomini, M." box="[1024,1288,1273,1299]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="175 - 178" refId="ref18239" refString="Carbonero, E. R., Sassaki, G. L., Gorin, P. A. J. & Iacomini, M. (2002) A (1> 6) - linked - mannopyrananan, pseudonigeran, and a (1> 4) - linked - xylan, isolated from the lichenised basidiomycete Dictyonema glabratum. FEMS Microbiology Letters 206: 175 - 178. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1574 - 6968.2002. tb 11005. x" type="journal article" year="2002">
|
||
Carbonero
|
||
<emphasis id="B90BEA94D156756BFB07FB6BFB68FADE" box="[1157,1217,1273,1299]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2002
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Elifio
|
||
<emphasis id="B90BEA94D156756BFAE2FB6BFA35FADE" box="[1376,1436,1273,1299]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2002) considered
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7F4D05D156756BFEEBFAB2FDD1FAF7" box="[361,632,1312,1338]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Hygrophoraceae" genus="Dictyonema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="glabratum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90BEA94D156756BFEEBFAB2FDD1FAF7" box="[361,632,1312,1338]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Dictyonema glabratum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(including
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7F4D05D156756BFC82FAB2FC0BFAF7" box="[768,930,1312,1338]" class="Insecta" family="Polythoridae" genus="Cora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pavonia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90BEA94D156756BFC82FAB2FC0BFAF7" box="[768,930,1312,1338]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Cora pavonia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) to be a species with wide distribution and broad ecological amplitude, being found on a wide range of substrata. The data now available indicate that this is not the case. The many species recognized phylogenetically and morphologically also have distinct substrate preferences, growing either on bare soil, among bryophytes, on rock, or epiphytic on branches, rarely on tree trunks.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7F4D05D156756BFE12FA29FD8AFA18" authorityName="Wilk, Lucking & E. Morales" authorityYear="2013" box="[400,547,1467,1493]" class="Insecta" family="Polythoridae" genus="Cora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aspera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90BEA94D156756BFE12FA29FD8AFA18" box="[400,547,1467,1493]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Cora aspera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is one of a few species growing typically as an epiphyte and it is thus far the largest and most common epiphytic species known in the genus. It resembles the distantly related
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7F4D05D156756BFA02FA73FE84F9EF" authorityName="J. E. Hern. & Lucking" authorityYear="2013" class="Insecta" family="Polythoridae" genus="Cora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arachnoidea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90BEA94D156756BFA02FA73FE84F9EF" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">C. arachnoidea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in dry condition but can be distinguished by the lack of a dense tomentum covering the entire upper surface and by the much finer, almost reticulate hymenophore. The latter is similar to that found in the more closely related
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7F4D05D156756BFE17F9C7FDB3F9A2" box="[405,538,1621,1647]" class="Insecta" family="Polythoridae" genus="Cora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pavonia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90BEA94D156756BFE17F9C7FDB3F9A2" box="[405,538,1621,1647]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">C. pavonia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but that species differs by its terrestrial growth in bryophyte mats and its distinctly brownish color when fresh, as well as its coarsely undulate surface.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC03686D156756BFF44F931FCE8F868" blockId="9.[151,1436,152,1957]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90BEA94D156756BFF44F931FDC3F970" bold="true" box="[198,618,1699,1725]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Additional specimens examined:</emphasis>
|
||
—
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B173CDBD156756BFD0AF931FB92F92E" collectingDate="2007-09" country="Costa Rica" county="Coto Brus" location="Las Cruces Biological Station" municipality="San Vito" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Puntarenas">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3687616D156756BFD0AF931FC97F970" box="[648,830,1699,1725]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">COSTA RICA</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B90BEA94D156756BFCD3F931FC40F970" bold="true" box="[849,1001,1699,1725]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49BBF864D156756BFCD3F931FC4DF970" box="[849,996,1699,1725]" country="Costa Rica" name="Puntarenas" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Puntarenas</collectingRegion>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62A14E0AD156756BFC7AF931FBD3F970" box="[1016,1146,1699,1725]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Coto Brus</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BA4ACFCD156756BFB0CF931FB57F970" box="[1166,1278,1699,1725]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">San Vito</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EA0605DD156756BFA93F931FEC4F92E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D68790D158756BFF15F89FFCE8F868:8EA0605DD156756BFA93F931FEC4F92E" country="Costa Rica" county="Coto Brus" municipality="San Vito" name="Las Cruces Biological Station" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" stateProvince="Puntarenas">Las Cruces Biological Station</location>
|
||
and
|
||
<location id="8EA0605DD156756BFE2AF95BFDD4F92E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D68790D158756BFF15F89FFCE8F868:8EA0605DD156756BFE2AF95BFDD4F92E" box="[424,637,1737,1763]" country="Costa Rica" county="Coto Brus" municipality="San Vito" name="Botanical Garden" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" stateProvince="Puntarenas">Botanical Garden</location>
|
||
;
|
||
<date id="FFC11046D156756BFD0BF95BFCE4F92E" box="[649,845,1737,1763]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" value="2007-09">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF85E9AED156756BFD0BF95BFCE4F92E" box="[649,845,1737,1763]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" value="2007-09">September 2007</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B90BEA94D156756BFCD8F95BFBA2F92E" box="[858,1035,1737,1763]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Lücking 21016</emphasis>
|
||
(F)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B173CDBD156756BFBC5F95BFBCBF8FD" collectingDate="2007-11-13" collectionCode="LPB" country="Bolivia" county="Murillo" elevation="3805" latitude="-16.2" location="Laguna de Viscachani" longLatPrecision="1282" longitude="-68.13333" municipality="Valle de Zongo" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="La Paz">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3687616D156756BFBC5F95BFB6DF92E" box="[1095,1220,1737,1763]" name="Bolivia" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">BOLIVIA</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B90BEA94D156756BFB52F95BFA9BF92E" bold="true" box="[1232,1330,1737,1763]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49BBF864D156756BFB52F95BFA85F92E" box="[1232,1324,1737,1763]" country="Bolivia" name="La Paz" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">La Paz</collectingRegion>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62A14E0AD156756BFAB8F95BFA3EF92E" box="[1338,1431,1737,1763]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Murillo</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BA4ACFCD156756BFF15F962FEE2F8C7" box="[151,331,1776,1802]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Valle de Zongo</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EA0605DD156756BFED5F962FDF2F8C7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D68790D158756BFF15F89FFCE8F868:8EA0605DD156756BFED5F962FDF2F8C7" box="[343,603,1776,1802]" country="Bolivia" county="Murillo" latitude="-16.2" longLatPrecision="1282" longitude="-68.13333" municipality="Valle de Zongo" name="Laguna de Viscachani" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" stateProvince="La Paz">Laguna de Viscachani</location>
|
||
, a las orillas de la laguna;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4B5041D156756BFC0CF962FC5EF8C7" box="[910,1015,1776,1802]" degrees="16" direction="south" minutes="12" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" precision="925" value="-16.2">16º 12' S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4B5041D156756BFB81F962FBDFF8C7" box="[1027,1142,1776,1802]" degrees="68" direction="west" minutes="08" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" precision="925" value="-68.13333">68º 08' W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4C879B63D156756BFB03F962FB75F8C7" box="[1153,1244,1776,1802]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8049999999999997" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="m" value="3805.0">
|
||
<elevation id="0052D1B5D156756BFB03F962FB75F8C7" box="[1153,1244,1776,1802]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8049999999999997" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="m" value="3805.0">3805 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
; piso altoandino con pajonales y vegetación baja,
|
||
<date id="FFC11046D156756BFDB1F884FC8DF8FD" box="[563,804,1814,1840]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" value="2007-11-13">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF85E9AED156756BFDB1F884FC8DF8FD" box="[563,804,1814,1840]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" value="2007-11-13">13 November 2007</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B90BEA94D156756BFCB0F884FC40F8FD" box="[818,1001,1814,1840]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Lücking 23564</emphasis>
|
||
(F,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6EAE43D156756BFB9EF884FBF0F8FD" box="[1052,1113,1814,1840]" country="Bolivia" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15532" name="Herbario Nacional de Bolivia, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="Herbarium">LPB</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B173CDBD156756BFBEDF884FBD2F89A" collectingDate="2009-07-07" collectionCode="HCUCB" country="Bolivia" elevation="2018" latitude="-17.216667" location="Incachaca" longLatPrecision="1279" longitude="-65.833336" municipality="Chapare" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Cochabamba">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90BEA94D156756BFBEDF884FA8DF8FD" bold="true" box="[1135,1316,1814,1840]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49BBF864D156756BFBEDF884FA89F8FD" box="[1135,1312,1814,1840]" country="Bolivia" name="Cochabamba" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Cochabamba</collectingRegion>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BA4ACFCD156756BFAACF884FA3EF8FD" box="[1326,1431,1814,1840]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Chapare</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EA0605DD156756BFF15F8AFFEB8F89A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D68790D158756BFF15F89FFCE8F868:8EA0605DD156756BFF15F8AFFEB8F89A" box="[151,273,1853,1879]" country="Bolivia" latitude="-17.216667" longLatPrecision="1279" longitude="-65.833336" municipality="Chapare" name="Incachaca" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" stateProvince="Cochabamba">Incachaca</location>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4B5041D156756BFE9CF8AFFE25F89A" box="[286,396,1853,1879]" degrees="17" direction="south" minutes="13" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" precision="925" value="-17.216667">17° 13' S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4B5041D156756BFE18F8AFFDBAF89A" box="[410,531,1853,1879]" degrees="65" direction="west" minutes="50" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" precision="925" value="-65.833336">65° 50' W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4C879B63D156756BFDA2F8AFFDD4F89A" box="[544,637,1853,1879]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.018" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="m" value="2018.0">
|
||
<elevation id="0052D1B5D156756BFDA2F8AFFDD4F89A" box="[544,637,1853,1879]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.018" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="m" value="2018.0">2018 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
;
|
||
<date id="FFC11046D156756BFD09F8AFFCB3F89A" box="[651,794,1853,1879]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" value="2009-07-07">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF85E9AED156756BFD09F8AFFCB3F89A" box="[651,794,1853,1879]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" value="2009-07-07">7 July 2009</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B90BEA94D156756BFCA4F8AFFC71F89A" box="[806,984,1853,1879]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Lücking 29128</emphasis>
|
||
(F,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6EAE43D156756BFB8AF8AFFBDAF89A" box="[1032,1139,1853,1879]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">HCUCB</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B173CDBD156756BFB05F8AFFB26F8B3" collectingDate="2009-07-07" collectionCode="HCUCB" country="Bolivia" county="Cochabamba" elevation="3262" latitude="-17.266666" location="Corani" longLatPrecision="1279" longitude="-65.9" municipality="Chapare" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Cochabamba">
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62A14E0AD156756BFB05F8AFFA8FF89A" box="[1159,1318,1853,1879]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Cochabamba</collectingCounty>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BA4ACFCD156756BFAB0F8AFFA3EF89A" box="[1330,1431,1853,1879]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Chapare</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EA0605DD156756BFF15F8F6FF42F8B3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D68790D158756BFF15F89FFCE8F868:8EA0605DD156756BFF15F8F6FF42F8B3" box="[151,235,1892,1918]" country="Bolivia" county="Cochabamba" latitude="-17.266666" longLatPrecision="1279" longitude="-65.9" municipality="Chapare" name="Corani" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" stateProvince="Cochabamba">Corani</location>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4B5041D156756BFF77F8F6FEC8F8B3" box="[245,353,1892,1918]" degrees="17" direction="south" minutes="16" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" precision="925" value="-17.266666">17° 16' S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4B5041D156756BFEEFF8F6FE4BF8B3" box="[365,482,1892,1918]" degrees="65" direction="west" minutes="54" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" precision="925" value="-65.9">65° 54' W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4C879B63D156756BFE6FF8F6FDE0F8B3" box="[493,585,1892,1918]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2619999999999996" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="m" value="3262.0">
|
||
<elevation id="0052D1B5D156756BFE6FF8F6FDE0F8B3" box="[493,585,1892,1918]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2619999999999996" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="m" value="3262.0">3262 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
;
|
||
<date id="FFC11046D156756BFDD6F8F6FD77F8B3" box="[596,734,1892,1918]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" value="2009-07-07">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF85E9AED156756BFDD6F8F6FD77F8B3" box="[596,734,1892,1918]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" value="2009-07-07">7 July 2009</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B90BEA94D156756BFD68F8F6FC31F8B3" box="[746,920,1892,1918]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Lücking 29356</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B90BEA94D156756BFC25F8F6FC59F8B3" box="[935,1008,1892,1918]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">29364</emphasis>
|
||
(F,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6EAE43D156756BFB9FF8F6FB2EF8B3" box="[1053,1159,1892,1918]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">HCUCB</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B173CDBD156756BFB1BF8F6FC97F868" collectingDate="2009-08" country="Peru" location="Machu Picchu" municipality="Aguas Calientes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Cusco">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3687616D156756BFB1BF8F6FB41F8B3" box="[1177,1256,1892,1918]" name="Peru" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">PERU</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B90BEA94D156756BFB70F8F6FAE3F8B3" bold="true" box="[1266,1354,1892,1918]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49BBF864D156756BFB70F8F6FAEDF8B3" box="[1266,1348,1892,1918]" country="Peru" name="Cusco" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Cuzco</collectingRegion>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BA4ACFCD156756BFAD3F8F6FEAEF868" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Aguas Calientes</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
, near
|
||
<location id="8EA0605DD156756BFECEF819FE50F868" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D68790D158756BFF15F89FFCE8F868:8EA0605DD156756BFECEF819FE50F868" box="[332,505,1931,1957]" country="Peru" municipality="Aguas Calientes" name="Machu Picchu" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" stateProvince="Cusco">Machu Picchu</location>
|
||
;
|
||
<date id="FFC11046D156756BFD86F819FD34F868" box="[516,669,1931,1957]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" value="2009-08">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF85E9AED156756BFD86F819FD34F868" box="[516,669,1931,1957]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" value="2009-08">August 2009</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B90BEA94D156756BFD2BF819FCA6F868" box="[681,783,1931,1957]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Vera s.n.</emphasis>
|
||
(F)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |