756 lines
87 KiB
XML
756 lines
87 KiB
XML
<document id="2F862E14E0CDB2510DA8A9B1CC614E00" ID-CLB-Dataset="36829" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3823.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="cdc3964e-ebf3-491e-b10c-9ad6592cb0f0" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="286373" ID-ZooBank="0D42FA17-3B11-4DBB-9E48-D7D505F9CE29" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460443345149" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Austin, William C., Ott, Bruce S., Reiswig, Henry M., Romagosa, Paula & G, Neil" docDate="2014" docId="03D0FB0AFFB92E2109E0FD04FB427B1A" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03823p084.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3823 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Homaxinella amphispicula" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="52" masterDocId="FFE98372FF892E120977FF89FF837A07" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic review of Hadromerida (Porifera, Demospongiae) from British Columbia, Canada, and adjacent waters, with the description of nine new species" masterLastPageNumber="84" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="49" updateTime="1698333174097" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="466BC0EAB7F92A0DEB8867C245D56726" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="6FBA031E9563993BB47720B367DE7321">
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<mods:title id="247B599F75B9BE808CA5A2E3B760EF40">Taxonomic review of Hadromerida (Porifera, Demospongiae) from British Columbia, Canada, and adjacent waters, with the description of nine new species</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="BAD372D2BCF874792D6DCB082953D84B" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="7956FA31928553D823CD176F9AF4B386">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="77DBCB27B3B484053E8267F90F2DFC05">Austin, William C.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:roleTerm id="C9C674CF7231AF6B5DAF819C936BC975">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="E84A494EF1D060656500D62B0F5023C0">Ott, Bruce S.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="E7F64CC759F542D287D34EAB46ED3BF9" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="BA87F8BFD0E9538C863BC774C8B4270D">
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<mods:roleTerm id="05A45D336EB2578D3B287C28CC32CDC2">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="1A3D52ACCF39D58DEF0A9E79CA8153E9">Reiswig, Henry M.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="DB2DC5D8682CE36E48983BFE88664F49" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="FBBF360870D76325A9E1B475DA0728D1">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="E2CE02558DF3F6D84EFFEAAC4440612B">Romagosa, Paula</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="4046297F2C48598C7E5CE62B94F72EE7" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="02AC50FD78166A4A095A360BEC44E491">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="FE8AC6AC963C9933852C6F4780E0D7AA">G, Neil</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="3D54E937F6F83C3EEF455E7B62941440">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="C848A51FF7279E06CBB471E38F9109A0">
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<mods:date id="E4DDDBD7273709FE2A2D1C370264C92A">2014</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="C8E93D74810F83D40418B320A00E58C1" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="A33B676D631D2C6B5CE0BC1AD37526C5">3823</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:number id="14CD1A43B9E02EA7CDECD0AD46F0B9BA">1</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="5F0DD616E679A2A0EB301B29FC9821A6">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="78B704E923DFE3327DCF3220274BDC41" type="CLB-Dataset">36829</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="71953C62B94A81F1183C889E49EE5865" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3823.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="8C28F47D56752688384FDBE773FAA6A6" type="GBIF-Dataset">cdc3964e-ebf3-491e-b10c-9ad6592cb0f0</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="F8A6E1CFF22010D4A3A8325A81767829" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="E5568AF1975FB0D36DCCEB1995EEC19B" type="Zenodo-Dep">286373</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03D0FB0AFFB92E2109E0FD04FB427B1A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6132564" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127668516" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6132564" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D0FB0AFFB92E2109E0FD04FB427B1A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D0FB0AFFB92E2109E0FD04FB427B1A" lastPageId="51" lastPageNumber="52" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
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<subSubSection id="C3631997FFB92E2209E0FD04FDE17909" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BC64A1CFFB92E2209E0FD04FD7178A0" blockId="48.[151,754,653,712]" box="[151,754,653,679]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
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<heading id="D08EFD70FFB92E2209E0FD04FD7178A0" bold="true" box="[151,754,653,679]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" reason="1">
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||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFFB92E2209E0FD04FD7178A0" bold="true" box="[151,754,653,679]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C79319FFFB92E2209E0FD04FE5C78A0" box="[151,479,653,679]" class="Demospongiae" family="Suberitidae" genus="Homaxinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="amphispicula">
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||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFFB92E2209E0FD04FE5C78A0" bold="true" box="[151,479,653,679]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Homaxinella amphispicula</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
(de
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE837EDFFB92E220B63FD04FD6978A0" author="Laubenfels" box="[532,746,653,679]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" refString="Laubenfels, M. W. de. (1961) Porifera of Friday Harbor and vicinity. Pacific Science, 15, 192 - 202." type="journal article" year="1961">Laubenfels, 1961</bibRefCitation>
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||
)
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||
</emphasis>
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||
</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BC64A1CFFB92E2209E0FD26FE9478CF" blockId="48.[151,754,653,712]" box="[151,279,687,712]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
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||
<figureCitation id="13425699FFB92E2209E0FD26FF6078CF" box="[151,227,687,712]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="50.[151,250,1768,1790]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,285,1732]" captionTargetId="figure@50.[151,1436,285,1733]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURE 18. Homaxinella amphispicula (de Laubenfels, 1961). A, expanded specimen, scale bar approx. 2.5 cm; B, contracted specimen, scale bar 1.3 cm; C, axial skeleton in cross section, scale bar 500 µm; D, extra-axial bundles of spicules running to surface, scale bar 500 µm; E, styles and subtylostyles sta. 94 / 82, scale bar left 100 µm, middle and right 10 µm; F, styles and subtylostyles of holotype H. amphispicula USNM, scale bar left 100 µm, middle and right 30 µm; G, styles of Homaxinella subdula from the UK, scale bar left 200 µm, middle and right 30 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/286391/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
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A–F
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC64A1CFFB92E2209E0FD71FDE17909" blockId="48.[151,610,760,782]" box="[151,610,760,782]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C79319FFFB92E2209E0FD71FE0E7909" box="[151,397,760,782]" class="Demospongiae" family="Raspailiidae" genus="Syringella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Axinellida" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="amphispicula">
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<emphasis id="B90D960EFFB92E2209E0FD71FE0E7909" box="[151,397,760,782]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Syringella amphispicula</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
de
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE837EDFFB92E2208C5FD71FDE17909" author="Laubenfels" box="[434,610,760,782]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" refString="Laubenfels, M. W. de. (1961) Porifera of Friday Harbor and vicinity. Pacific Science, 15, 192 - 202." type="journal article" year="1961">Laubenfels, 1961</bibRefCitation>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C3631997FFB92E2209E0FCB3FA887C14" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="8BC64A1CFFB92E2209E0FCB3FACD7954" blockId="48.[151,1437,826,2023]" box="[151,1358,826,851]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
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||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFFB92E2209E0FCB3FE037954" bold="true" box="[151,384,826,851]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Material examined.</emphasis>
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C2F4BEFFB92E2208F0FCB3FE777954" box="[391,500,826,851]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
:
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||
<collectionCode id="ED68D2D9FFB92E220889FCB2FDCC7954" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[510,591,827,851]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
22707, Griffin Bay, Washington, (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4D2CDBFFB92E220AA4FCB2FBBA7954" box="[979,1081,826,851]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" precision="925" value="48.483334">48º 29′N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
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||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4D2CDBFFB92E220D33FCB2FB3D7954" box="[1092,1214,826,851]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" precision="925" value="-122.96667">122º 58′W</geoCoordinate>
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),
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||
<quantity id="4C81E7F9FFB92E220DA6FCB3FA887955" box="[1233,1291,826,851]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" unit="m" value="45.0">45 m</quantity>
|
||
deep.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC64A1CFFB92E2209B0FCD7FAC87F10" blockId="48.[151,1437,826,2023]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
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||
Other material: KML 1051, KML 225/70, Gordon Channel,
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||
<collectionCode id="ED68D2D9FFB92E220A0AFCD6FC267970" box="[893,933,863,887]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">BC</collectionCode>
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||
, (
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||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4D2CDBFFB92E220ACDFCD7FBB47970" box="[954,1079,862,887]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" precision="92" value="50.883335">50º 53.0'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4D2CDBFFB92E220D34FCD6FB507970" box="[1091,1235,863,887]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" precision="92" value="-127.505">127º 30.3'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), 91–
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||
<quantity id="4C81E7F9FFB92E220C65FCD7FACD7971" box="[1298,1358,862,887]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.6" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" unit="m" value="46.0">46 m</quantity>
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||
depth,
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||
<date id="FFC76CDCFFB92E2209E0FC0FFEBE7999" box="[151,317,901,926]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" value="1970-09-16">Sept. 16, 1970</date>
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||
, coll. W.C. Austin; KML 1051, NM 126, Copper Bluffs,
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||
<collectionCode id="ED68D2D9FFB92E220AB3FC0FFC6F7999" box="[964,1004,902,926]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">BC</collectionCode>
|
||
, (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4D2CDBFFB92E220D77FC0CFBE07999" box="[1024,1123,898,926]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" precision="925" value="50.1">50o 06'N</geoCoordinate>
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||
,
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||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4D2CDBFFB92E220D07FC0CFB667999" box="[1136,1253,898,926]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" precision="925" value="-125.26667">125o 16'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
),
|
||
<quantity id="4C81E7F9FFB92E220D8DFC0CFACC799A" box="[1274,1359,901,926]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" metricValueMax="15.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" unit="m" value="9.5" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="4.0">4–15 m</quantity>
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||
depth,
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||
<date id="FFC76CDCFFB92E2209E0FC24FEB779C2" box="[151,308,940,965]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" value="1978-04-16">Apr. 16, 1978</date>
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||
, coll. & photo N. McDaniel; VT19/81, Dark Cove, Jervis Inlet,
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||
<collectionCode id="ED68D2D9FFB92E220D70FC24FBAC79C2" box="[1031,1071,941,965]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">BC</collectionCode>
|
||
, (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4D2CDBFFB92E220D34FC24FB3A79C2" box="[1091,1209,937,965]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" precision="92" value="49.81333">49o 48.8'N</geoCoordinate>
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||
,
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||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4D2CDBFFB92E220DB3FC24FACC79C2" box="[1220,1359,937,965]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" precision="92" value="-123.95">123o 57.0'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
),
|
||
<quantity id="4C81E7F9FFB92E220C14FC25FA1F79C3" box="[1379,1436,940,965]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" unit="m" value="36.0">36 m</quantity>
|
||
depth,
|
||
<date id="FFC76CDCFFB92E220994FC59FEFD79EF" box="[227,382,976,1001]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" value="1981-02-24">Feb. 24, 1981</date>
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||
, coll. W.C. Austin; KML 1049, KML sta. 161/70, Porlier Pass,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED68D2D9FFB92E220D34FC59FBE879EF" box="[1091,1131,976,1000]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">BC</collectionCode>
|
||
, (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4D2CDBFFB92E220D09FC59FB7B79EF" box="[1150,1272,976,1000]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" precision="92" value="49.003334">49º 00.2'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4D2CDBFFB92E220C75FC59FA1379EE" box="[1282,1424,976,1001]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" precision="92" value="-123.58667">123º 35.2'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
),
|
||
<quantity id="4C81E7F9FFB92E2209E0FC7DFF7E7E0B" box="[151,253,1012,1037]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" unit="m" value="13.5" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="12.0">12–15 m</quantity>
|
||
depth,
|
||
<date id="FFC76CDCFFB92E22082FFC7CFE767E0A" box="[344,501,1013,1037]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" value="1970-08-08">Aug. 8, 1970</date>
|
||
, coll. W.C. Austin,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D7F8195FFB92E220BA8FC7CFCE57E0A" box="[735,870,1012,1037]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
; KML 1048, KML sta. 88/75, N. of Moreton I., Barkley Sd.,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED68D2D9FFB92E22085BFB91FED77E37" box="[300,340,1048,1072]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">BC</collectionCode>
|
||
, (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4D2CDBFFB92E22081EFB91FE667E36" box="[361,485,1048,1073]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" precision="92" value="48.886665">48º 53.2'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4D2CDBFFB92E220886FB91FD027E37" box="[497,641,1048,1073]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" precision="92" value="-125.331665">125º 19.9'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
),
|
||
<quantity id="4C81E7F9FFB92E220BE1FB91FD797E37" box="[662,762,1048,1072]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.35" metricValueMax="3.7" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" unit="m" value="33.5" valueMax="37.0" valueMin="30.0">30–37 m</quantity>
|
||
depth,
|
||
<date id="FFC76CDCFFB92E220A27FB90FC727E36" box="[848,1009,1048,1073]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" value="1975-04-18">Apr. 18, 1975</date>
|
||
, coll. W.C. Austin, 1 fragment; KML 1047, KML sta. 61/69, Bamfield, Barkley Sd.,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED68D2D9FFB92E220BD1FBB4FD4D7E52" box="[678,718,1085,1109]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">BC</collectionCode>
|
||
, (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4D2CDBFFB92E220B96FBB4FCD87E52" box="[737,859,1084,1109]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" precision="92" value="48.835">48º 50.1'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4D2CDBFFB92E220A10FBB5FC767E52" box="[871,1013,1084,1109]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" precision="92" value="-125.135">125º 08.1'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
),
|
||
<quantity id="4C81E7F9FFB92E220D7FFBB4FBC27E53" box="[1032,1089,1085,1109]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" unit="m" value="18.0">18 m</quantity>
|
||
depth,
|
||
<date id="FFC76CDCFFB92E220DE3FBB4FAA37E52" box="[1172,1312,1084,1109]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" value="1969-06-02">Jun. 2, 1969</date>
|
||
, coll. W.C. Austin,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D7F8195FFB92E220985FBEAFEFB7E7B" box="[242,376,1123,1148]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
; KML 1050, KML sta. 94/82, N. tip of Pender I., in Navy Channel,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED68D2D9FFB92E220DE2FBEAFB3E7E7C" box="[1173,1213,1123,1147]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">BC</collectionCode>
|
||
, (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4D2CDBFFB92E220DA4FBEAFADF7E7C" box="[1235,1372,1119,1147]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" precision="9" value="48.823334">48o 49.40'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4D2CDBFFB92E220C1DFBEAFF7A7EA5" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" precision="9" value="-123.32">123o 19.20'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
),
|
||
<quantity id="4C81E7F9FFB92E220878FB03FEC97EA6" box="[271,330,1162,1186]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" unit="m" value="20.0">20 m</quantity>
|
||
depth,
|
||
<date id="FFC76CDCFFB92E2208D5FB03FDC57EA5" box="[418,582,1162,1186]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" value="1982-05-27">May 27, 1982</date>
|
||
, coll. W.C. Austin; VT16/81, McCurdy Pt, Saanich Inlet,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED68D2D9FFB92E220D94FB03FA887EA5" box="[1251,1291,1162,1186]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">BC</collectionCode>
|
||
, (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4D2CDBFFB92E220C56FB03FA1B7EA5" box="[1313,1432,1158,1186]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" precision="92" value="48.628334">48o 37.7'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4D2CDBFFB92E2209E0FB38FEA07ECE" box="[151,291,1197,1225]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" precision="92" value="-123.51833">123o 31.1'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
),
|
||
<quantity id="4C81E7F9FFB92E22084DFB38FEF47ECF" box="[314,375,1201,1225]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.9" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" unit="m" value="99.0">99 m</quantity>
|
||
and
|
||
<quantity id="4C81E7F9FFB92E2208C2FB39FE707ECF" box="[437,499,1200,1225]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.6" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" unit="m" value="76.0">76 m</quantity>
|
||
depth,
|
||
<date id="FFC76CDCFFB92E220B39FB39FD677ECE" box="[590,740,1200,1225]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" value="1981-02-04">Feb. 4, 1981</date>
|
||
, coll. V. Tunnicliffe/W.C. Austin; VT10/80, Squally Reach, Saanich Inlet,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED68D2D9FFB92E22084CFB51FEE07EF7" box="[315,355,1240,1264]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">BC</collectionCode>
|
||
, (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4D2CDBFFB92E220800FB51FE6D7EF7" box="[375,494,1236,1264]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" precision="92" value="48.556667">48o 33.4'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4D2CDBFFB92E22088CFB51FD067EF7" box="[507,645,1236,1264]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" precision="92" value="-123.541664">123o 32.5'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
),
|
||
<quantity id="4C81E7F9FFB92E220BEDFB5EFD567EE8" box="[666,725,1239,1264]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.3" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" unit="m" value="63.0">63 m</quantity>
|
||
depth,
|
||
<date id="FFC76CDCFFB92E220A5CFB51FC4F7EF7" box="[811,972,1240,1264]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" value="1980-05-18">May 18, 1980</date>
|
||
, coll. V. Tunnicliffe/W.C. Austin; VT14/ 80, Elbow Pt., Saanich Inlet,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED68D2D9FFB92E2208A9FB76FD857F10" box="[478,518,1279,1303]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">BC</collectionCode>
|
||
, (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4D2CDBFFB92E220B6DFB76FD0C7F10" box="[538,655,1275,1303]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" precision="92" value="48.546665">48o 32.8'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4D2CDBFFB92E220BECFB76FCA77F10" box="[667,804,1275,1303]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" precision="92" value="-123.54">123o 32.4'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
),
|
||
<quantity id="4C81E7F9FFB92E220A4FFB77FCF27F11" box="[824,881,1278,1303]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" unit="m" value="65.0">65 m</quantity>
|
||
depth,
|
||
<date id="FFC76CDCFFB92E220AB3FB76FBE67F10" box="[964,1125,1279,1303]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" value="1980-11-20">Nov. 20, 1980</date>
|
||
, coll. V. Tunnicliffe.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC64A1CFFB92E2209B0FAABFA1E7FA0" blockId="48.[151,1437,826,2023]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
||
Field images without vouchers: Fearney Pt., Agamemnon Channel,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED68D2D9FFB92E220AAFFAABFB837F3D" box="[984,1024,1314,1338]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">BC</collectionCode>
|
||
, (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4D2CDBFFB92E220D60FAABFB177F3C" box="[1047,1172,1314,1339]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" precision="92" value="49.645">49º 38.7′N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4D2CDBFFB92E220DD4FAABFAA37F3C" box="[1187,1312,1314,1339]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" precision="925" value="-124.083336">124º 05′W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), photo N. McDaniel; Skookumchuk Narrows,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED68D2D9FFB92E220B5BFACEFDD77F58" box="[556,596,1351,1375]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">BC</collectionCode>
|
||
, (approx.
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4D2CDBFFB92E220BB4FACEFCBF7F58" box="[707,828,1350,1375]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" precision="92" value="49.736668">49º 44.2′N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
–
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4D2CDBFFB92E220A3CFACFFC547F58" box="[843,983,1350,1375]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" precision="92" value="-123.89667">123º 53.8′W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
),
|
||
<date id="FFC76CDCFFB92E220A9DFACEFBDB7F58" box="[1002,1112,1351,1375]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" value="1977-01">Jan. 1977</date>
|
||
, photo N. McDaniel; Turn I.,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED68D2D9FFB92E2209E0FAE2FF3C7F84" box="[151,191,1387,1411]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">BC</collectionCode>
|
||
, (approx.
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4D2CDBFFB92E220844FAE3FE1A7F84" box="[307,409,1386,1411]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" precision="925" value="50.35">50º 21′N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4D2CDBFFB92E2208D0FAE3FDA07F84" box="[423,547,1386,1411]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" precision="925" value="-125.45">125º 27′W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), photo N. McDaniel; West Race Rock, Juan de Fuca Strait,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED68D2D9FFB92E220DA9FAE2FA857F84" box="[1246,1286,1387,1411]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">BC</collectionCode>
|
||
, (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4D2CDBFFB92E220C6CFAE2FA1B7F84" box="[1307,1432,1386,1411]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" precision="92" value="48.298332">48º 17.9′N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4D2CDBFFB92E2209E0FA06FEA57FA0" box="[151,294,1422,1447]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" precision="92" value="-123.53833">123º 32.3′W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), photo N. McDaniel; Dawley Passage, SE Meares I.,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED68D2D9FFB92E220AF4FA06FC287FA0" box="[899,939,1423,1447]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">BC</collectionCode>
|
||
, (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4D2CDBFFB92E220AC9FA06FBA67FA0" box="[958,1061,1422,1447]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" precision="925" value="49.133335">49º 08′N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4D2CDBFFB92E220D58FA07FB2A7FA0" box="[1071,1193,1422,1447]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" precision="925" value="-125.78333">125º 47′W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), photo N. McDaniel.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC64A1CFFB92E2209B0FA3BFA887C14" blockId="48.[151,1437,826,2023]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
||
Comparative material:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C79319FFFB92E2208B3FA3BFD327FCC" box="[452,689,1458,1483]" class="Demospongiae" family="Suberitidae" genus="Homaxinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="subdula">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFFB92E2208B3FA3BFD327FCC" box="[452,689,1458,1483]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Homaxinella subdula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED68D2D9FFB92E220BC8FA3AFC917FCC" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[703,786,1459,1483]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
, ex. British Museum Nat. Hist. 65112 (R1384), Eddystone,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36E0A8CFFB92E2209E0FA5EFF4C7FE9" box="[151,207,1495,1518]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">U.K.</collectingCountry>
|
||
, (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4D2CDBFFB92E220995FA5FFED97FE8" box="[226,346,1494,1519]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" precision="92" value="50.18">50º 10.8'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4D2CDBFFB92E220812FA5EFE607FE8" box="[357,483,1495,1519]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" precision="92" value="-4.18">04º 10.8'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
),
|
||
<date id="FFC76CDCFFB92E220881FA5EFDE97FE8" box="[502,618,1495,1519]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" value="1930-05">May 1930</date>
|
||
, coll. M. Burton, ID M. Burton.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C79319FFFB92E220AA7FA5FFB3D7FE8" box="[976,1214,1494,1519]" class="Demospongiae" family="Suberitidae" genus="Homaxinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="subdula">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFFB92E220AA7FA5FFB3D7FE8" box="[976,1214,1494,1519]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Homaxinella subdula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED68D2D9FFB92E220DBCFA5EFA9D7FE8" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[1227,1310,1495,1519]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
, ex. British Museum,
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C2F4BEFFB92E220871FA72FEBE7C14" box="[262,317,1531,1555]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
R1384, East coast Lundy I, Outer Knoll,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36E0A8CFFB92E220A7DFA72FCC17C15" box="[778,834,1531,1554]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">U.K.</collectingCountry>
|
||
, (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4D2CDBFFB92E220A21FA73FC4E7C14" box="[854,973,1530,1555]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" precision="92" value="51.18833">51º 11.3'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4D2CDBFFB92E220AAEFA72FBB77C14" box="[985,1076,1531,1555]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" precision="925" value="-4.633333">4º 38'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), coll. J.D. George.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3631997FFB92E2209B0F997FD797D34" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC64A1CFFB92E2209B0F997FCF47C78" blockId="48.[151,1437,826,2023]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFFB92E2209B0F997FEDA7C30" bold="true" box="[199,345,1566,1591]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFFB92E22081FF996FDEA7C31" box="[360,617,1566,1590]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Macroscopic features.</emphasis>
|
||
Erect, branching with occasional anastomosing, root-like processes attached to the substrate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13425699FFB92E2208CFF9CBFD8A7C5C" box="[440,521,1602,1627]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="50.[151,250,1768,1790]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,285,1732]" captionTargetId="figure@50.[151,1436,285,1733]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURE 18. Homaxinella amphispicula (de Laubenfels, 1961). A, expanded specimen, scale bar approx. 2.5 cm; B, contracted specimen, scale bar 1.3 cm; C, axial skeleton in cross section, scale bar 500 µm; D, extra-axial bundles of spicules running to surface, scale bar 500 µm; E, styles and subtylostyles sta. 94 / 82, scale bar left 100 µm, middle and right 10 µm; F, styles and subtylostyles of holotype H. amphispicula USNM, scale bar left 100 µm, middle and right 30 µm; G, styles of Homaxinella subdula from the UK, scale bar left 200 µm, middle and right 30 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/286391/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
|
||
A, B). Consistency tough, wiry, with firm surface, but readily bent; size up to
|
||
<quantity id="4C81E7F9FFB92E220CF7F9CAFF3A7C79" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" unit="cm" value="10.0">10 cm</quantity>
|
||
with branch diameters of
|
||
<quantity id="4C81E7F9FFB92E2208A9F9EFFDCF7C79" box="[478,588,1638,1663]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" unit="mm" value="7.5" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="5.0">5–10 mm</quantity>
|
||
; colour in life pale yellow.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC64A1CFFB92E2209B0F902FE7D7CEC" blockId="48.[151,1437,826,2023]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFFB92E2209B0F902FE3A7CA4" box="[199,441,1675,1699]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Microscopic features.</emphasis>
|
||
Axial skeleton is condensed, with bundles of spicules oriented parallel to the long axis of sponge (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13425699FFB92E220980F927FEC87CC0" box="[247,331,1710,1735]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="50.[151,250,1768,1790]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,285,1732]" captionTargetId="figure@50.[151,1436,285,1733]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURE 18. Homaxinella amphispicula (de Laubenfels, 1961). A, expanded specimen, scale bar approx. 2.5 cm; B, contracted specimen, scale bar 1.3 cm; C, axial skeleton in cross section, scale bar 500 µm; D, extra-axial bundles of spicules running to surface, scale bar 500 µm; E, styles and subtylostyles sta. 94 / 82, scale bar left 100 µm, middle and right 10 µm; F, styles and subtylostyles of holotype H. amphispicula USNM, scale bar left 100 µm, middle and right 30 µm; G, styles of Homaxinella subdula from the UK, scale bar left 200 µm, middle and right 30 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/286391/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
|
||
C). Extra-axial bundles of spicules extend from the axial spicules to the surface (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13425699FFB92E220D9CF927FABD7CC0" box="[1259,1342,1710,1735]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="50.[151,250,1768,1790]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,285,1732]" captionTargetId="figure@50.[151,1436,285,1733]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURE 18. Homaxinella amphispicula (de Laubenfels, 1961). A, expanded specimen, scale bar approx. 2.5 cm; B, contracted specimen, scale bar 1.3 cm; C, axial skeleton in cross section, scale bar 500 µm; D, extra-axial bundles of spicules running to surface, scale bar 500 µm; E, styles and subtylostyles sta. 94 / 82, scale bar left 100 µm, middle and right 10 µm; F, styles and subtylostyles of holotype H. amphispicula USNM, scale bar left 100 µm, middle and right 30 µm; G, styles of Homaxinella subdula from the UK, scale bar left 200 µm, middle and right 30 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/286391/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
|
||
D); they may project beyond the surface.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC64A1CFFB92E2209B0F97FFD797D34" blockId="48.[151,1437,826,2023]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFFB92E2209B0F97FFEAF7D08" box="[199,300,1782,1807]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Spicules.</emphasis>
|
||
Megascleres basically thin straight styles (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13425699FFB92E220A64F97FFCE67D08" box="[787,869,1782,1807]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="50.[151,250,1768,1790]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,285,1732]" captionTargetId="figure@50.[151,1436,285,1733]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURE 18. Homaxinella amphispicula (de Laubenfels, 1961). A, expanded specimen, scale bar approx. 2.5 cm; B, contracted specimen, scale bar 1.3 cm; C, axial skeleton in cross section, scale bar 500 µm; D, extra-axial bundles of spicules running to surface, scale bar 500 µm; E, styles and subtylostyles sta. 94 / 82, scale bar left 100 µm, middle and right 10 µm; F, styles and subtylostyles of holotype H. amphispicula USNM, scale bar left 100 µm, middle and right 30 µm; G, styles of Homaxinella subdula from the UK, scale bar left 200 µm, middle and right 30 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/286391/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
|
||
E, F) with abrupt apices; some slightly swollen as incipient subtylotes. Size ranges are given in
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6FB7FA7FFB92E220BE5F893FD757D34" box="[658,758,1818,1843]" captionStart="TABLE 10" captionStartId="49.[151,239,368,391]" captionTargetBox="[159,1402,418,719]" captionTargetPageId="49" captionText="TABLE 10. Homaxinella spp. styles & subtylostyles range, mean length & width in µm." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF061A94FFB82E2309E0FEF9FBCA7B80" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" tableUuid="DF061A94FFB82E2309E0FEF9FBCA7B80">Table 10</tableCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3631997FFB92E2109B0F8B7FB427B1A" lastPageId="51" lastPageNumber="52" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC64A1CFFB92E2309B0F8B7FCFC7B47" blockId="48.[151,1437,826,2023]" lastBlockId="49.[151,1436,151,320]" lastPageId="49" lastPageNumber="50" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFFB92E2209B0F8B7FEB87D50" bold="true" box="[199,315,1854,1879]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
This species was originally placed in the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C79319FFFB92E220A2DF8B7FC4E7D50" box="[858,973,1854,1879]" class="Demospongiae" family="Raspailiidae" genus="Syringella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Axinellida" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFFB92E220A2DF8B7FC4E7D50" box="[858,973,1854,1879]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Syringella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by de
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE837EDFFB92E220D6EF8B7FB687D50" author="Laubenfels" box="[1049,1259,1854,1879]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" refString="Laubenfels, M. W. de. (1961) Porifera of Friday Harbor and vicinity. Pacific Science, 15, 192 - 202." type="journal article" year="1961">Laubenfels (1961)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE837EDFFB92E220D81F8B6FA1F7D50" author="Hooper" box="[1270,1436,1855,1879]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" refString="Hooper, J. N. A. (2002) Family Raspailiidae Hentschel, 1923. In: Hooper, J. N. A. & Soest, R. W. M. van (Eds.), Systema Porifera: A guide to the classification of sponges, Kluwer Academic / Plenum Publishers, New York, Boston, Dordrecht, London & Moscow, pp. 469 - 510." type="book chapter" year="2002">Hooper (2002)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
noted that “
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFFB92E22086EF8EBFE1F7D7C" box="[281,412,1890,1915]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C79319FFFB92E22086EF8EBFE107D7C" box="[281,403,1890,1915]" class="Demospongiae" family="Raspailiidae" genus="Syringella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Axinellida" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">Syringella</taxonomicName>
|
||
”
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is not a valid taxon and the next available name is
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C79319FFFB92E220AA0F8EBFAA77D7C" authority="Topsent, 1928" authorityName="Topsent" authorityYear="1928" box="[983,1316,1890,1915]" class="Demospongiae" family="Raspailiidae" genus="Parasyringella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Axinellida" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFFB92E220AA0F8EBFBFC7D7C" box="[983,1151,1890,1915]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Parasyringella</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE837EDFFB92E220DF2F8EAFAA77D7C" author="Topsent" box="[1157,1316,1891,1915]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" refString="Topsent, E. (1928) Spongiaires de l'Atlantique et de la Mediterranee, provenant des croisieres du Prince Albert Ier de Monaco. Resultats des Campagnes Scientifiques d'Albert Ier de Monaco, LXXIV, 1 - 376 + pls. I - XI." type="book chapter" year="1928">Topsent, 1928</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
which is a subgenus of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C79319FFFB92E220851F80FFE117D98" box="[294,402,1926,1951]" class="Demospongiae" family="Raspailiidae" genus="Raspailia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFFB92E220851F80FFE117D98" box="[294,402,1926,1951]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Raspailia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C79319FFFB92E2208DAF80FFDA37D98" box="[429,544,1926,1951]" class="Demospongiae" family="Raspailiidae" genus="Syringella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Axinellida" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFFB92E2208DAF80FFDA37D98" box="[429,544,1926,1951]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Syringella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
”
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C79319FFFB92E220B42F80FFD4F7D98" box="[565,716,1926,1951]" class="Demospongiae" family="Raspailiidae" genus="Syringella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Axinellida" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="amphispicula">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFFB92E220B42F80FFD4F7D98" box="[565,716,1926,1951]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">amphispicula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
does not otherwise fit the diagnosis of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C79319FFFB92E220DFBF80FFAB77D98" box="[1164,1332,1926,1951]" class="Demospongiae" family="Raspailiidae" genus="Parasyringella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Axinellida" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFFB92E220DFBF80FFAB77D98" box="[1164,1332,1926,1951]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Parasyringella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
which is unbranched and has bouquets of ectosomal styles. Most
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C79319FFFB92E220A6EF823FC207DC4" box="[793,931,1962,1987]" class="Demospongiae" family="Raspailiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Porifera" rank="family">Raspailiidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
have acanthorhabds and those which do not are otherwise different from “
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFFB92E220894F846FD267DE0" box="[483,677,1998,2023]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
||
S.”
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C79319FFFB92E220B79F847FD267DE0" box="[526,677,1998,2023]" class="Demospongiae" family="Raspailiidae" genus="Syringella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Axinellida" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="amphispicula">amphispicula</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
. Two genera of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C79319FFFB92E220A2EF847FC5A7DE0" box="[857,985,1998,2023]" class="Demospongiae" family="Suberitidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Porifera" rank="family">Suberitidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
are arborescent with branches similar to the stem:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C79319FFFB82E230874FF1EFE187AB7" box="[259,411,151,176]" class="Demospongiae" family="Suberitidae" genus="Plicatellopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFFB82E230874FF1EFE187AB7" box="[259,411,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Plicatellopsis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C79319FFFB82E2308A7FF1EFDE27AB7" box="[464,609,151,176]" class="Demospongiae" family="Suberitidae" genus="Homaxinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFFB82E2308A7FF1EFDE27AB7" box="[464,609,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Homaxinella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Both have an axially condensed skeleton. The former has well developed extra-axial bundles of spicules extending from the axis to the surface, while the latter has similarly oriented bundles which are poorly developed or absent after preservation (van
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE837EDFFB82E230A09FF69FB867AFF" author="Soest" box="[894,1029,224,248]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" refString="Soest, R. W. M. van. (2002) Family Suberitidae, Schmidt. 1870. In: Hooper, J. N. A. & Soest, R. W. M. van (Eds.), Systema Porifera: A guide to the classification of sponges. Kluwer Academic / Plenum Publishers, New York, pp. 227 - 244." type="book chapter" year="2002">Soest 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C79319FFFB82E230D6AFF56FB357AFF" box="[1053,1206,223,248]" class="Demospongiae" family="Suberitidae" genus="Plicatellopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFFB82E230D6AFF56FB357AFF" box="[1053,1206,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Plicatellopsis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has, in addition, a pallisade of small spicules in the ectosome which is absent in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C79319FFFB82E230A38FE8DFC637B1A" box="[847,992,260,285]" class="Demospongiae" family="Suberitidae" genus="Homaxinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFFB82E230A38FE8DFC637B1A" box="[847,992,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Homaxinella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The spicules are tylostyles, with small tyles in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C79319FFFB82E230998FEAEFE0B7B47" box="[239,392,295,320]" class="Demospongiae" family="Suberitidae" genus="Plicatellopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFFB82E230998FEAEFE0B7B47" box="[239,392,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Plicatellopsis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and styles in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C79319FFFB82E230B55FEAEFD307B47" box="[546,691,295,320]" class="Demospongiae" family="Suberitidae" genus="Homaxinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFFB82E230B55FEAEFD307B47" box="[546,691,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Homaxinella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(van
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE837EDFFB82E230B85FEA1FCF07B47" author="Soest" box="[754,883,296,320]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" refString="Soest, R. W. M. van. (2002) Family Suberitidae, Schmidt. 1870. In: Hooper, J. N. A. & Soest, R. W. M. van (Eds.), Systema Porifera: A guide to the classification of sponges. Kluwer Academic / Plenum Publishers, New York, pp. 227 - 244." type="book chapter" year="2002">Soest 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF061A94FFB82E2309E0FEF9FBCA7B80" ID-Table-UUID="DF061A94FFB82E2309E0FEF9FBCA7B80" box="[151,1097,368,391]" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF061A94FFB82E2309E0FEF9FBCA7B80" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" targetBox="[159,1402,418,719]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="49">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC64A1CFFB82E2309E0FEF9FBCA7B80" blockId="49.[151,1097,368,391]" box="[151,1097,368,391]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFFB82E2309E0FEF9FE947B80" bold="true" box="[151,279,368,391]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">TABLE 10.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C79319FFFB82E230869FEF9FE2B7B80" box="[286,424,368,391]" class="Demospongiae" family="Suberitidae" genus="Homaxinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFFB82E230869FEF9FE2B7B80" box="[286,424,368,391]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Homaxinella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
spp. styles & subtylostyles range, mean length & width in µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC64A1CFFB82E2309E8FE2BFAD878C8" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<table id="F979B8BCFFB8D1ED09E8FE2BFAF978C8" box="[159,1402,418,719]" gridcols="5" gridrows="7" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<tr id="3549485EFFB8D1ED09E8FE2BFAF97BD0" box="[159,1402,418,471]" gridrow="0" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<th id="76982122FFB8D1ED09E8FE2BFEEB7BD0" box="[159,360,418,471]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Location</th>
|
||
<th id="76982122FFB8D1ED08FCFE2BFDEB7BD0" box="[395,616,418,471]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
Sta. 94/82
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C79319FFFB82E2308FCFE48FD977BD0" box="[395,532,449,471]" class="Demospongiae" family="Raspailiidae" genus="Syringella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Axinellida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="amphispicula">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFFB82E2308FCFE48FD977BD0" box="[395,532,449,471]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">amphispicula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="76982122FFB8D1ED0BE6FE2BFCED7BD0" box="[657,878,418,471]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
No. 126
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C79319FFFB82E230BE6FE48FC9A7BD0" box="[657,793,449,471]" class="Demospongiae" family="Raspailiidae" genus="Syringella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Axinellida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="amphispicula">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFFB82E230BE6FE48FC9A7BD0" box="[657,793,449,471]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">amphispicula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="76982122FFB8D1ED0AEFFE2BFBF67BD0" box="[920,1141,418,471]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
Holotype
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C79319FFFB82E230AEFFE48FBA27BD0" box="[920,1057,449,471]" class="Demospongiae" family="Raspailiidae" genus="Syringella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Axinellida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="amphispicula">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFFB82E230AEFFE48FBA27BD0" box="[920,1057,449,471]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">amphispicula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="76982122FFB8D1ED0DE9FE2BFAF97BD0" box="[1182,1402,418,471]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
Eddystone, UK
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C79319FFFB82E230DE9FE48FB6D7BD0" box="[1182,1262,449,471]" class="Demospongiae" family="Suberitidae" genus="Homaxinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="subdula">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFFB82E230DE9FE48FB6D7BD0" box="[1182,1262,449,471]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">subdula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3549485EFFB8D1ED09E8FE63FAF97807" box="[159,1402,490,512]" gridrow="1" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1">
|
||
<th id="76982122FFB8D1ED09E8FE63FEEB7807" box="[159,360,490,512]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Ectosome length</th>
|
||
<td id="76982122FFB8D1ED08FCFE63FDEB7807" box="[395,616,490,512]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">260–(536)–710 N=25</td>
|
||
<td id="76982122FFB8D1ED0BE6FE63FCED7807" box="[657,878,490,512]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">270–(540)–710 N=25</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3549485EFFB8D1ED09E8FD9DFAF9782D" box="[159,1402,532,554]" gridrow="2" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1">
|
||
<th id="76982122FFB8D1ED09E8FD9DFEEB782D" box="[159,360,532,554]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Ectosome width</th>
|
||
<td id="76982122FFB8D1ED08FCFD9DFDEB782D" box="[395,616,532,554]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">6–(11.5)–20 N=25</td>
|
||
<td id="76982122FFB8D1ED0BE6FD9DFCED782D" box="[657,878,532,554]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">4.6–(8.8)–14 N=25</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3549485EFFB8D1ED09E8FDB4FAF97854" box="[159,1402,573,595]" gridrow="3" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1">
|
||
<th id="76982122FFB8D1ED09E8FDB4FEEB7854" box="[159,360,573,595]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Choanosome length</th>
|
||
<td id="76982122FFB8D1ED08FCFDB4FDEB7854" box="[395,616,573,595]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">270–(621)–830 N=25</td>
|
||
<td id="76982122FFB8D1ED0BE6FDB4FCED7854" box="[657,878,573,595]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">325–(605)–850 N=25</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3549485EFFB8D1ED09E8FDEFFAF9787B" box="[159,1402,614,636]" gridrow="4" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1">
|
||
<th id="76982122FFB8D1ED09E8FDEFFEEB787B" box="[159,360,614,636]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Choanosome width</th>
|
||
<td id="76982122FFB8D1ED08FCFDEFFDEB787B" box="[395,616,614,636]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">7–(16.3)–20 N=25</td>
|
||
<td id="76982122FFB8D1ED0BE6FDEFFCED787B" box="[657,878,614,636]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">5–(11)–16 N=25</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3549485EFFB8D1ED09E8FD19FAF978A1" box="[159,1402,656,678]" gridrow="5" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<th id="76982122FFB8D1ED09E8FD19FEEB78A1" box="[159,360,656,678]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">*Combined length</th>
|
||
<td id="76982122FFB8D1ED08FCFD19FDEB78A1" box="[395,616,656,678]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">260–(579)–830 N=50</td>
|
||
<td id="76982122FFB8D1ED0BE6FD19FCED78A1" box="[657,878,656,678]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">270–(573)–850 N=50</td>
|
||
<td id="76982122FFB8D1ED0AEFFD19FBF678A1" box="[920,1141,656,678]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">360–(571)–760 N=15</td>
|
||
<td id="76982122FFB8D1ED0DE9FD19FAF978A1" box="[1182,1402,656,678]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">270–(416)–550 N=10</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3549485EFFB8D1ED09E8FD30FAF978C8" box="[159,1402,697,719]" gridrow="6" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<th id="76982122FFB8D1ED09E8FD30FEEB78C8" box="[159,360,697,719]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">*Combined width</th>
|
||
<td id="76982122FFB8D1ED08FCFD30FDEB78C8" box="[395,616,697,719]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">6–(13.9)–20 N=50</td>
|
||
<td id="76982122FFB8D1ED0BE6FD30FCED78C8" box="[657,878,697,719]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">4.6–(9.9)–16 N=50</td>
|
||
<td id="76982122FFB8D1ED0AEFFD30FBF678C8" box="[920,1141,697,719]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">6–(12.4)–17.5 N=15</td>
|
||
<td id="76982122FFB8D1ED0DE9FD30FAF978C8" box="[1182,1402,697,719]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">3.8–(4.7)–7.5 N=8</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC64A1CFFB82E2309B0FC9DFEB579BB" blockId="49.[151,1437,788,2037]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
The overall form of specimens examined by us looks much like
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C79319FFFB82E230AEDFC9DFAEF792A" authority="Bowerbank, 1866" authorityName="Bowerbank" authorityYear="1866" box="[922,1388,788,813]" class="Demospongiae" family="Suberitidae" genus="Homaxinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="subdula">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFFB82E230AEDFC9DFB08792A" box="[922,1163,788,813]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Homaxinella subdula</emphasis>
|
||
(Bowerbank, 1866)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and is quite different from that in the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C2F4BEFFB82E230B5DFCB1FDD97957" box="[554,602,824,848]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">type</typeStatus>
|
||
species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C79319FFFB82E230B93FCBEFCFF7957" box="[740,892,823,848]" class="Demospongiae" family="Suberitidae" genus="Plicatellopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFFB82E230B93FCBEFCFF7957" box="[740,892,823,848]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Plicatellopsis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C79319FFFB82E230AF8FCB0FBB47957" box="[911,1079,823,848]" class="Demospongiae" family="Suberitidae" genus="Plicatellopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="arborescens">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFFB82E230AF8FCB0FC1E7957" box="[911,925,825,848]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFFB82E230AD8FCBEFBB47957" box="[943,1079,823,848]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">arborescens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. However, the branches of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C79319FFFB82E230CF6FCB0FF737972" class="Demospongiae" family="Suberitidae" genus="Homaxinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="subdula">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFFB82E230CF6FCB0FF737972" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">H. subdula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are typically at right angles to the main stalk while they form roughly a 45º angle to the stalk in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C79319FFFB82E2309E0FCF6FE44799F" box="[151,455,895,920]" class="Demospongiae" family="Suberitidae" genus="Homaxinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="amphispicula">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFFB82E2309E0FCF6FE44799F" box="[151,455,895,920]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Homaxinella amphispicula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Van
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE837EDFFB82E230B7DFC09FD5F799F" box="[522,732,895,920]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" refString="Soest, R. W. M. van, Boury-Esnault, N., Hooper, J. N. A., Rutzler, K., de Voogd, N. J., Alvarez, B., Hajdu, E., Pisera, A. B., Vacelet, J., Manconi, R., Schoenberg, C., Janussen, D., Tabachnick, K. R., Klautau, M. (2012) World Porifera database. Available from: http: // www. marinespecies. org / porifera. (accessed 1 November 2012)" type="journal article">
|
||
Soest
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFFB82E230B38FC08FD0A799F" box="[591,649,895,920]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2012)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
placed the de Laubenfels’
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C79319FFFB82E230D65FCF6FAA7799F" box="[1042,1316,895,920]" class="Demospongiae" family="Raspailiidae" genus="Syringella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Axinellida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="amphispicula">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFFB82E230D65FCF6FAA7799F" box="[1042,1316,895,920]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Syringella amphispicula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C79319FFFB82E2309E0FC2DFEAC79BA" box="[151,303,932,957]" class="Demospongiae" family="Suberitidae" genus="Plicatellopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFFB82E2309E0FC2DFEAC79BA" box="[151,303,932,957]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Plicatellopsis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC64A1CFFB82E2309B0FC41FC187E92" blockId="49.[151,1437,788,2037]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
Our specimens of both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C79319FFFB82E2308A6FC40FD0F79E7" box="[465,652,967,992]" class="Demospongiae" family="Raspailiidae" genus="Syringella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Axinellida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="amphispicula">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFFB82E2308A6FC40FD0F79E7" box="[465,652,967,992]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">H. amphispicula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C79319FFFB82E230BB3FC40FCC379E7" box="[708,832,967,992]" class="Demospongiae" family="Suberitidae" genus="Homaxinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="subdula">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFFB82E230BB3FC40FCC379E7" box="[708,832,967,992]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">H. subdula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have typical styles but also some megascleres which are clearly incipient subtylostytes (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13425699FFB82E230B4CFC65FD127E03" box="[571,657,1004,1029]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="50.[151,250,1768,1790]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,285,1732]" captionTargetId="figure@50.[151,1436,285,1733]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURE 18. Homaxinella amphispicula (de Laubenfels, 1961). A, expanded specimen, scale bar approx. 2.5 cm; B, contracted specimen, scale bar 1.3 cm; C, axial skeleton in cross section, scale bar 500 µm; D, extra-axial bundles of spicules running to surface, scale bar 500 µm; E, styles and subtylostyles sta. 94 / 82, scale bar left 100 µm, middle and right 10 µm; F, styles and subtylostyles of holotype H. amphispicula USNM, scale bar left 100 µm, middle and right 30 µm; G, styles of Homaxinella subdula from the UK, scale bar left 200 µm, middle and right 30 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/286391/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
|
||
F, G). This includes the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C2F4BEFFB82E230AB3FC65FBA57E02" box="[964,1062,1004,1029]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C79319FFFB82E230D2DFC64FA987E02" box="[1114,1307,1004,1029]" class="Demospongiae" family="Raspailiidae" genus="Syringella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Axinellida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="amphispicula">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFFB82E230D2DFC64FA987E02" box="[1114,1307,1004,1029]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">H. amphispicula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
which we examined, and the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C2F4BEFFB82E230819FB86FE537E2F" box="[366,464,1039,1064]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C79319FFFB82E230880FB98FDF77E2F" box="[503,628,1039,1064]" class="Demospongiae" family="Suberitidae" genus="Homaxinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="subdula">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFFB82E230880FB98FDF77E2F" box="[503,628,1039,1064]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">H. subdula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
when re-examined by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE837EDFFB82E230A0FFB99FB9F7E2F" author="Burton" box="[888,1052,1039,1064]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" refString="Burton, M. (1935) Some sponges from the Okhotsk Sea and the Sea of Japan. Issledovaniya Fauny Morei Zoologicheskii Institut Akademii Nauk SSSR, 22, 64 - 81." type="journal article" year="1935">Burton (1935)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. De
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE837EDFFB82E230D26FB86FAA37E2F" author="Laubenfels" box="[1105,1312,1039,1064]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" refString="Laubenfels, M. W. de. (1961) Porifera of Friday Harbor and vicinity. Pacific Science, 15, 192 - 202." type="journal article" year="1961">Laubenfels (1961)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
stated that the spicules of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C79319FFFB82E230825FBBCFD927E4A" box="[338,529,1076,1101]" class="Demospongiae" family="Raspailiidae" genus="Syringella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Axinellida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="amphispicula">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFFB82E230825FBBCFD927E4A" box="[338,529,1076,1101]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">H. amphispicula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were exclusively tylostyles. However, no megasleres could be described as tylostyles in any of the material we examined including the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C2F4BEFFB82E230AF1FBDEFC6B7E77" box="[902,1000,1111,1136]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C79319FFFB82E230D6AFBD0FB5C7E77" box="[1053,1247,1111,1136]" class="Demospongiae" family="Raspailiidae" genus="Syringella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Axinellida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="amphispicula">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFFB82E230D6AFBD0FB5C7E77" box="[1053,1247,1111,1136]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">H. amphispicula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13425699FFB82E230D81FBDEFACC7E77" box="[1270,1359,1111,1136]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="50.[151,250,1768,1790]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,285,1732]" captionTargetId="figure@50.[151,1436,285,1733]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURE 18. Homaxinella amphispicula (de Laubenfels, 1961). A, expanded specimen, scale bar approx. 2.5 cm; B, contracted specimen, scale bar 1.3 cm; C, axial skeleton in cross section, scale bar 500 µm; D, extra-axial bundles of spicules running to surface, scale bar 500 µm; E, styles and subtylostyles sta. 94 / 82, scale bar left 100 µm, middle and right 10 µm; F, styles and subtylostyles of holotype H. amphispicula USNM, scale bar left 100 µm, middle and right 30 µm; G, styles of Homaxinella subdula from the UK, scale bar left 200 µm, middle and right 30 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/286391/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
|
||
C, D).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C79319FFFB82E2309E0FBF5FEB37E92" box="[151,304,1148,1173]" class="Demospongiae" family="Suberitidae" genus="Plicatellopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFFB82E2309E0FBF5FEB37E92" box="[151,304,1148,1173]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Plicatellopsis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
spp. are characterized as having exclusively tylostyles.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC64A1CFFB82E2309B0FB16FD5F7F4F" blockId="49.[151,1437,788,2037]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
The upper size limit and mean size of styles in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C79319FFFB82E230A76FB28FC3D7EBF" box="[769,958,1183,1208]" class="Demospongiae" family="Raspailiidae" genus="Syringella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Axinellida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="amphispicula">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFFB82E230A76FB28FC3D7EBF" box="[769,958,1183,1208]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">H. amphispicula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are considerably larger than those in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C79319FFFB82E230CF6FB28FF737EDA" class="Demospongiae" family="Suberitidae" genus="Homaxinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="subdula">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFFB82E230CF6FB28FF737EDA" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">H. subdula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36E0A8CFFB82E230829FB4CFE057EDB" box="[350,390,1221,1244]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">UK</collectingCountry>
|
||
based on our specimens (above) and descriptions by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE837EDFFB82E230AA8FB4DFB7A7EDA" author="Picton" box="[991,1273,1220,1245]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" refString="Picton, B. E. & Morrow, C. C. (2005) Encyclopedia of Marine Life of Britain and Ireland. Available from http: // www. habitas. org. uk / marinelife / species. asp? item = C 3780 (accessed 1 June 2008)" type="journal article" year="2005">Picton & Morrow (2005)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and van
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE837EDFFB82E230C17FB4DFF667F07" author="Soest" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" refString="Soest, R. W. M. van. (2002) Family Suberitidae, Schmidt. 1870. In: Hooper, J. N. A. & Soest, R. W. M. van (Eds.), Systema Porifera: A guide to the classification of sponges. Kluwer Academic / Plenum Publishers, New York, pp. 227 - 244." type="book chapter" year="2002">Soest (2002)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. However, the styles fall within the large range given by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE837EDFFB82E230AEDFB6EFBBD7F07" author="Koltun" box="[922,1086,1255,1280]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" refString="Koltun, V. M. (1959) Silicospongin sponges of the northern and far eastern seas of the USSR - Keys to the fauna of the USSR. Opredelieli po faune SSR, 67, 1 - 235. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="1959">Koltun (1959)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
of 195–863 Μm for some
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D7F8195FFB82E230CF7FB6EFE8F7F22" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="generic">75 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
identified as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C79319FFFB82E2308C7FA84FDAC7F22" box="[432,559,1292,1317]" class="Demospongiae" family="Suberitidae" genus="Homaxinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="subdula">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFFB82E2308C7FA84FDAC7F22" box="[432,559,1292,1317]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">H. subdula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with a recorded range extending from the NE Atlantic to the Bering Sea, Okhotsk Sea, Sea of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36E0A8CFFB82E2308F6FAB8FE477F4F" box="[385,452,1329,1352]" name="Japan" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and the southern Kurils.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC64A1CFFB82E2309B0FADCFDF97CFF" blockId="49.[151,1437,788,2037]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
We reviewed the literature to assess whether or not populations in the NE Pacific are conspecific with one or more of the other species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C79319FFFB82E2308AFFAFEFDEA7F97" box="[472,617,1399,1424]" class="Demospongiae" family="Suberitidae" genus="Homaxinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFFB82E2308AFFAFEFDEA7F97" box="[472,617,1399,1424]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Homaxinella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
described from the NW Pacific.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE837EDFFB82E230AABFAF0FBF87F97" author="Burton" box="[988,1147,1399,1424]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" refString="Burton, M. (1935) Some sponges from the Okhotsk Sea and the Sea of Japan. Issledovaniya Fauny Morei Zoologicheskii Institut Akademii Nauk SSSR, 22, 64 - 81." type="journal article" year="1935">Burton (1935)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
reported
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C79319FFFB82E230D9FFAFEFAFF7F97" box="[1256,1404,1399,1424]" class="Demospongiae" family="Suberitidae" genus="Pachaxinella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Suberitida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFFB82E230D9FFAFEFAFF7F97" box="[1256,1404,1399,1424]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Pachaxinella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C79319FFFB82E2309E0FA15FEAB7FB2" box="[151,296,1436,1461]" class="Demospongiae" family="Suberitidae" genus="Homaxinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFFB82E2309E0FA15FEAB7FB2" box="[151,296,1436,1461]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Homaxinella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C79319FFFB82E23084FFA15FE127FB2" box="[312,401,1436,1461]" class="Demospongiae" family="Suberitidae" genus="Homaxinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="subdula">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFFB82E23084FFA15FE127FB2" box="[312,401,1436,1461]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">subdula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as occurring in the Sea of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36E0A8CFFB82E230BC8FA14FD7C7FB3" box="[703,767,1437,1460]" name="Japan" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
and neighbouring areas but he provided no spicule sizes or information on branching. Five other species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C79319FFFB82E230B92FA36FCF57FDF" box="[741,886,1471,1496]" class="Demospongiae" family="Suberitidae" genus="Homaxinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFFB82E230B92FA36FCF57FDF" box="[741,886,1471,1496]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Homaxinella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have been described from the Sea of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36E0A8CFFB82E230C22FA48FA1B7FDF" box="[1365,1432,1473,1496]" name="Japan" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C79319FFFB82E2309E0FA6DFDDC7FFB" authority="Hoshino, 1981" authorityName="Hoshino" authorityYear="1981" box="[151,607,1508,1533]" class="Demospongiae" family="Suberitidae" genus="Homaxinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="brevistyla">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFFB82E2309E0FA6DFE207FFA" box="[151,419,1508,1533]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Homaxinella brevistyla</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE837EDFFB82E2308C4FA6DFDDC7FFB" author="Hoshino" box="[435,607,1508,1533]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" refString="Hoshino, T. (1981) Shallow-water demosponges of western Japan II. Journal of Science of the Hiroshima University, (B), 29 (2), 207 - 278." type="journal article" year="1981">Hoshino, 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(styles 300–470 µm) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C79319FFFB82E230ADBFA6DFAC77FFB" authority="Ridley, 1884" authorityName="Ridley" authorityYear="1884" box="[940,1348,1508,1533]" class="Demospongiae" family="Axinellidae" genus="Axinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Halichondrida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="echidnaea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFFB82E230ADBFA6DFB0F7FFA" box="[940,1164,1508,1533]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Axinella echidnaea</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE837EDFFB82E230DD5FA6DFABF7FFB" author="Ridley" box="[1186,1340,1508,1533]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" refString="Ridley, S. O. (1884) Spongiida. Report on the zoological collection made in the Indo-Pacific Ocean during the voyage of the H. M. S. " Alert " 1881 - 82, 366 - 382, 582 - 630, pls. 39 - 43, 53, 54." type="journal volume" year="1884">Ridley, 1884</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(styles 400–1500 µm) can be excluded based on style size.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C79319FFFB82E230A71F98EFAC47C27" authority="Hoshino, 1981 (Tanita 1968)" authorityName="Hoshino, 1981 (Tanita" authorityYear="1968" box="[774,1351,1543,1568]" class="Demospongiae" family="Suberitidae" genus="Homaxinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="tanitai">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFFB82E230A71F98EFC6F7C27" box="[774,1004,1543,1568]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Homaxinella tanitai</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE837EDFFB82E230A80F98EFB237C27" author="Hoshino" box="[1015,1184,1543,1568]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" refString="Hoshino, T. (1981) Shallow-water demosponges of western Japan II. Journal of Science of the Hiroshima University, (B), 29 (2), 207 - 278." type="journal article" year="1981">Hoshino, 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE837EDFFB82E230DC4F98EFABC7C27" author="Tanita" box="[1203,1343,1543,1568]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" refString="Tanita, S. (1968) Sponge-fauna of the Ariake Sea. Bulletin of the Seikai Regional Fisheries Research Laboratory, 36, 39 - 63." type="journal article" year="1968">Tanita 1968</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(styles 370–630 µm) is likely excluded based on specimens being unbranched although they might be juveniles as the largest was
|
||
<quantity id="4C81E7F9FFB82E23086BF9C6FEEF7C6F" box="[284,364,1615,1640]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" unit="cm" value="3.5">3.5 cm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C79319FFFB82E230800F9C6FCDE7C6F" authority="Tanita et al. 1989" authorityName="Tanita et al." authorityYear="1989" box="[375,861,1615,1640]" class="Demospongiae" family="Suberitidae" genus="Homaxinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="infundibula">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFFB82E230800F9C6FD137C6F" box="[375,656,1615,1640]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Homaxinella infundibula</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE837EDFFB82E230BEFF9C6FCDE7C6F" author="Tanita" box="[664,861,1615,1640]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" refString="Tanita, S. & Hoshino, T. (1989) The Demospongiae of Sagami Bay. Biological Laboratory, Imperial Household, Japan, 162 pp., 19 pls." type="book" year="1989">
|
||
Tanita
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFFB82E230B92F9D8FC9D7C6F" box="[741,798,1615,1640]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
1989
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be excluded based on spicule length (480–970 µm) and funnel shape.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C79319FFFB82E2308DDF9FDFC367C8B" authority="Tanita et al. 1989" authorityName="Tanita et al." authorityYear="1989" box="[426,949,1652,1677]" class="Demospongiae" family="Suberitidae" genus="Homaxinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="ramosimassa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFFB82E2308DDF9FDFD597C8B" box="[426,730,1652,1677]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Homaxinella ramosimassa</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE837EDFFB82E230B92F9FDFC367C8B" author="Tanita" box="[741,949,1652,1677]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" refString="Tanita, S. & Hoshino, T. (1989) The Demospongiae of Sagami Bay. Biological Laboratory, Imperial Household, Japan, 162 pp., 19 pls." type="book" year="1989">
|
||
Tanita
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFFB82E230A41F9FCFCF17C8A" box="[822,882,1652,1677]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
1989
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be excluded based on spicule length (570–980 µm) and the tight ramifying and anastomosing form. Two additional species from the Phillippines can be excluded based on form.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C79319FFFB82E2308C6F935FCEF7CD2" authority="Levi, 1961" authorityName="Levi" authorityYear="1961" box="[433,876,1724,1749]" class="Demospongiae" family="Suberitidae" genus="Homaxinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="acanthelloides">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFFB82E2308C6F935FD6F7CD2" box="[433,748,1724,1749]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Homaxinella acanthelloides</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE837EDFFB82E230B84F935FCEF7CD2" author="Levi" box="[755,876,1724,1749]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" refString="Levi, C. (1961) Spongiaries des Isles Philippines, principalment recoltees au voisinage de Zamboanga. Philippine Journal of Science, 88 (4), 509 - 533." type="journal article" year="1961">Lévi, 1961</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has hollow branches and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C79319FFFB82E230DF9F935FE937CFF" authority="Levi, 1961" authorityName="Levi" authorityYear="1961" class="Demospongiae" family="Suberitidae" genus="Homaxinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="domantayi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFFB82E230DF9F935FA1F7CD2" box="[1166,1436,1724,1749]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Homaxinella domantayi</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE837EDFFB82E2309E0F956FE937CFF" author="Levi" box="[151,272,1759,1784]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" refString="Levi, C. (1961) Spongiaries des Isles Philippines, principalment recoltees au voisinage de Zamboanga. Philippine Journal of Science, 88 (4), 509 - 533." type="journal article" year="1961">Lévi, 1961</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has flattened lamellar branches.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC64A1CFFB82E2309B0F88DFD5D7DF2" blockId="49.[151,1437,788,2037]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFFB82E2309B0F88DFEDC7D1A" bold="true" box="[199,351,1796,1821]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Conclusions.</emphasis>
|
||
We do not agree with van
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE837EDFFB82E230BE6F88DFCE17D1B" box="[657,866,1796,1821]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" refString="Soest, R. W. M. van, Boury-Esnault, N., Hooper, J. N. A., Rutzler, K., de Voogd, N. J., Alvarez, B., Hajdu, E., Pisera, A. B., Vacelet, J., Manconi, R., Schoenberg, C., Janussen, D., Tabachnick, K. R., Klautau, M. (2012) World Porifera database. Available from: http: // www. marinespecies. org / porifera. (accessed 1 November 2012)" type="journal article">
|
||
Soest
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFFB82E230BA1F88CFC8C7D1A" box="[726,783,1796,1821]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2012)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
in the reassignment of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C79319FFFB82E230D1BF88DFAFD7D1A" box="[1132,1406,1796,1821]" class="Demospongiae" family="Raspailiidae" genus="Syringella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Axinellida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="amphispicula">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFFB82E230D1BF88DFAFD7D1A" box="[1132,1406,1796,1821]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Syringella amphispicula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C79319FFFB82E2309E0F8AEFEAC7D47" box="[151,303,1831,1856]" class="Demospongiae" family="Suberitidae" genus="Plicatellopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFFB82E2309E0F8AEFEAC7D47" box="[151,303,1831,1856]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Plicatellopsis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Rather, we propose that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C79319FFFB82E230B3DF8A1FD7F7D47" box="[586,764,1831,1856]" class="Demospongiae" family="Raspailiidae" genus="Syringella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Axinellida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="amphispicula">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFFB82E230B3DF8A1FD7F7D47" box="[586,764,1831,1856]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">S. amphispicula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
should be assigned to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C79319FFFB82E230A80F8AEFB0B7D47" box="[1015,1160,1831,1856]" class="Demospongiae" family="Suberitidae" genus="Homaxinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFFB82E230A80F8AEFB0B7D47" box="[1015,1160,1831,1856]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Homaxinella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The differences in form and megasclere size are sufficient to warrant separation of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C79319FFFB82E230A34F8C4FC7C7D62" box="[835,1023,1868,1893]" class="Demospongiae" family="Raspailiidae" genus="Syringella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Axinellida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="amphispicula">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFFB82E230A34F8C4FC7C7D62" box="[835,1023,1868,1893]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">H. amphispicula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from N. Atlantic populations of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C79319FFFB82E230CF6F8C4FF737D8F" class="Demospongiae" family="Suberitidae" genus="Homaxinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="subdula">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFFB82E230CF6F8C4FF737D8F" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">H. subdula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
at the species level. We suggest that the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C79319FFFB82E230BCCF8F8FCB57D8F" box="[699,822,1903,1928]" class="Demospongiae" family="Suberitidae" genus="Homaxinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="subdula">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFFB82E230BCCF8F8FCB57D8F" box="[699,822,1903,1928]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">H. subdula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE837EDFFB82E230A2BF8E6FC787D8F" author="Koltun" box="[860,1019,1903,1928]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" refString="Koltun, V. M. (1959) Silicospongin sponges of the northern and far eastern seas of the USSR - Keys to the fauna of the USSR. Opredelieli po faune SSR, 67, 1 - 235. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="1959">Koltun (1959)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
encompasses more than one species. The information available in the literature indicates that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C79319FFFB82E230A42F81CFC777DAA" box="[821,1012,1940,1965]" class="Demospongiae" family="Raspailiidae" genus="Syringella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Axinellida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="amphispicula">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFFB82E230A42F81CFC777DAA" box="[821,1012,1940,1965]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">H. amphispicula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is not conspecific with any species reported from the NW Pacific although it may be the species which
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE837EDFFB82E230AB6F830FBE77DD6" author="Burton" box="[961,1124,1976,2001]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" refString="Burton, M. (1935) Some sponges from the Okhotsk Sea and the Sea of Japan. Issledovaniya Fauny Morei Zoologicheskii Institut Akademii Nauk SSSR, 22, 64 - 81." type="journal article" year="1935">Burton (1935)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
identified as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C79319FFFB82E230C7FF831FF737DF2" class="Demospongiae" family="Suberitidae" genus="Pachaxinella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Suberitida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="subdula">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFFB82E230C7FF831FF737DF2" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Pachaxinella subdula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the Sea of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36E0A8CFFB82E2308FDF854FE497DF3" box="[394,458,2013,2036]" name="Japan" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
and the Sea of Okhotsk.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC64A1CFFBB2E2009B0FF1EFDF87AB7" blockId="50.[199,1081,151,213]" box="[199,635,151,176]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFFBB2E2009B0FF1EFE2D7AB7" bold="true" box="[199,430,151,176]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Bathymetric range.</emphasis>
|
||
<quantity id="4C81E7F9FFBB2E2008C2FF11FDAD7AA8" box="[437,558,152,176]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" unit="m" value="40.0" valueMax="70.0" valueMin="10.0">10 to 70 m</quantity>
|
||
depth.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC64A1CFFBB2E2009B0FF35FBBA7AD2" blockId="50.[199,1081,151,213]" box="[199,1081,188,213]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFFBB2E2009B0FF35FE6C7AD2" bold="true" box="[199,495,188,213]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Geographic distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Washington (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36E0A8CFFBB2E200BFEFF35FD477AD3" box="[649,708,188,212]" name="United States of America" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
) and British
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36E0A8CFFBB2E200A21FF35FC477AD2" box="[854,964,188,213]" name="United States of America" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Columbia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36E0A8CFFBB2E200AA4FF35FBAE7AD2" box="[979,1069,188,213]" name="Canada" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Canada</collectingCountry>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF061A94FFBB2E2009E0F961FC5D7D7E" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/286391/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" targetBox="[151,1436,285,1732]" targetPageId="50">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC64A1CFFBB2E2009E0F961FC5D7D7E" blockId="50.[151,1436,1768,1913]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFFBB2E2009E0F961FEA57CF9" bold="true" box="[151,294,1768,1790]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">FIGURE 18.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C79319FFFBB2E200844F961FDCF7CF9" box="[307,588,1768,1790]" class="Demospongiae" family="Suberitidae" genus="Homaxinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="amphispicula">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFFBB2E200844F961FDCF7CF9" box="[307,588,1768,1790]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Homaxinella amphispicula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(de Laubenfels, 1961
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFFBB2E200A4BF960FCC97CF9" box="[828,842,1769,1790]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">).</emphasis>
|
||
A, expanded specimen, scale bar approx. 2.5 cm; B, contracted specimen, scale bar 1.3 cm; C, axial skeleton in cross section, scale bar 500 µm; D, extra-axial bundles of spicules running to surface, scale bar 500 µm; E, styles and subtylostyles sta. 94/82, scale bar left 100 µm, middle and right 10 µm; F, styles and subtylostyles of holotype
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C79319FFFBB2E200B60F8CCFD417D5D" box="[535,706,1860,1882]" class="Demospongiae" family="Suberitidae" genus="Homaxinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="amphispicula">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFFBB2E200B60F8CCFD417D5D" box="[535,706,1860,1882]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">H. amphispicula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
USNM, scale bar left 100 µm, middle and right 30 µm; G, styles of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C79319FFFBB2E2009E0F8EAFEF37D7E" box="[151,368,1891,1913]" class="Demospongiae" family="Suberitidae" genus="Homaxinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="subdula">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFFBB2E2009E0F8EAFEF37D7E" box="[151,368,1891,1913]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Homaxinella subdula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the UK, scale bar left 200 µm, middle and right 30 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC64A1CFFBA2E2109B0FF1EFB427B1A" blockId="51.[151,1436,151,285]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFFBA2E2109B0FF1EFEA87AB7" bold="true" box="[199,299,151,176]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Ecology.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C79319FFFBA2E210843FF10FE6C7AB7" box="[308,495,151,176]" class="Demospongiae" family="Suberitidae" genus="Homaxinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="amphispicula">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFFBA2E210843FF10FE6C7AB7" box="[308,495,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">H. amphispicula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
occurs on rock but is also attached to shells on otherwise soft bottoms and ranges from low to high tidal current environments. It and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C79319FFFBA2E210A7FFF35FC347AD2" box="[776,951,188,213]" class="Demospongiae" family="Suberitidae" genus="Aaptos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="simplex">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFFBA2E210A7FFF35FC347AD2" box="[776,951,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Aaptos simplex</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are the first recognizable sessile species occurring above anoxic conditions in the Saanich Inlet fjord. Small (
|
||
<quantity id="4C81E7F9FFBA2E210AEBFF69FC717AFF" box="[924,1010,224,248]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" unit="cm" value="2.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.0">2–3 cm</quantity>
|
||
) individuals are erect, cylindrical and unbranched. Like many other suberitids
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C79319FFFBA2E210B2CFE8CFC977B1A" box="[603,788,260,285]" class="Demospongiae" family="Suberitidae" genus="Homaxinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="amphispicula">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFFBA2E210B2CFE8CFC977B1A" box="[603,788,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">H. amphispicula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can contract to a considerable degree.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |