237 lines
27 KiB
XML
237 lines
27 KiB
XML
<document id="636A7D168D3D713BDDC2323F0BEEB2E9" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.180897" ID-GBIF-Dataset="d0034a16-cad2-4058-9569-95a0dd26699c" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="180897" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459818700620" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Barnett, Leonie J., Smales, Lesley R. & Cribb, Thomas H." docDate="2008" docId="03C487A0FF88FF8CFF164E59FCE9FC0C" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01705p039.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1705" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0.4:Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleId="6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Cantharus capricornia" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="29" masterDocId="FFFDFFD8FF8EFF84FF814D6CFFB9F96E" masterDocTitle="A complex of putative acanthocolpid cercariae (Digenea) from Nassarius olivaceus and N. dorsatus (Gastropoda: Nassariidae) in Central Queensland, Australia" masterLastPageNumber="39" masterPageNumber="21" pageNumber="27" updateTime="1698221669718" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="F466A5C4D45F339C68C8D2BDDB3AA3C0">
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<mods:title id="134B5039B15091A268501BCD5E52F888">A complex of putative acanthocolpid cercariae (Digenea) from Nassarius olivaceus and N. dorsatus (Gastropoda: Nassariidae) in Central Queensland, Australia</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="4FBBD1CEBD117664A18D2DD01059D3C9" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="6D62516DFA01AC5DE752A25524FFB219">
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<mods:namePart id="1C32007B929F83DAFF3B8500B5B6A40F">Barnett, Leonie J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="97D35D104C5FE64C0DF18409E26B469D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="C6919B3C5C9FBF9DEC5C65C6D994074A">Smales, Lesley R.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="F9A3F53E5572B30A2399297CC3EF89B9" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="D852BDDBE93146F5FCFCBEFC50774058">
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<mods:roleTerm id="B80091B9615510E1D35817C992CDB7A2">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="77691027E997E7444BCBED3B1431F26C">Cribb, Thomas H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="2A44E13E8E60477D0ED2767EAEBBAB3E">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="B75BFC198B43106A5C54AB3B9B84C7EC">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="DB1DE0E7CF1D86D4BCF4A6D009B4F772">
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<mods:date id="60C546EE6EE854B5B5CAA86A18CB368D">2008</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="4867474F3249B4ADFEF339D0655EB3C3" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="BB84C9EFB0436E0F7BF9AC4FE33866D0">1705</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="B1F3D4F3CC71655580608A155A1C3815">21</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="25F0701CA03CE8D55062E6A6CCE5D23E">39</mods:end>
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<mods:classification id="635AA45D867FB3B9E96476A1BBBC5DEA">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="9B9D9DE10F83F29663DE48EB83430CE7" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.180897</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="613B71125F56AF017E2791C3707EBEA3" type="GBIF-Dataset">d0034a16-cad2-4058-9569-95a0dd26699c</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="7C5C38B8ADE916ABB9AACBEDDC3B0C80" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="2B81B8BE1A96B198CA6867F0BE4BE819" type="Zenodo-Dep">180897</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03C487A0FF88FF8CFF164E59FCE9FC0C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6236152" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119355270" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6236152" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C487A0FF88FF8CFF164E59FCE9FC0C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C487A0FF88FF8CFF164E59FCE9FC0C" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="6" pageNumber="27">
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<subSubSection id="C377653DFF88FF82FF164E59FF56FA1C" pageId="6" pageNumber="27" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BD236B6FF88FF82FF164E59FE04FA21" blockId="6.[151,445,821,882]" box="[151,445,821,847]" pageId="6" pageNumber="27">
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<heading id="D09A81DAFF88FF82FF164E59FE04FA21" bold="true" box="[151,445,821,847]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="27" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B919EAA4FF88FF82FF164E59FE04FA21" bold="true" box="[151,445,821,847]" pageId="6" pageNumber="27">
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<emphasis id="B919EAA4FF88FF82FF164E59FE2DFA21" bold="true" box="[151,404,821,847]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="27">
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Cercaria
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<taxonomicName id="4C6D4D35FF88FF82FE894E59FE2DFA21" box="[264,404,821,847]" class="Gastropoda" family="Buccinidae" genus="Cantharus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="27" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="capricornia">capricornia</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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III
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD236B6FF88FF82FF164E34FF56FA1C" blockId="6.[151,445,821,882]" box="[151,239,856,882]" pageId="6" pageNumber="27">
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(
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<figureCitation id="13562A33FF88FF82FF1E4E34FF5CFA1C" box="[159,229,856,882]" captionStart="FIGURE 3. a – e" captionStartId="7.[151,255,1579,1603]" captionTargetBox="[176,1429,241,1533]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,194,1555]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. a – e. Cercaria capricornia III, naturally emerged from Nassarius olivaceus: a. Body, heat-killed, in ventral view; b. Entire cercaria, heat-killed, from side view; c. Live cercaria, resting attitude, side view; d. Live cercaria, resting attitude, ventral view; e. Rediae, fixed, containing cercariae at different stages of development. Scale bars a, b = 100 μm; c, d not to scale; e = 200 μm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/180900/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="27">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C377653DFF88FF8CFF164ECEFCE9FC0C" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="6" pageNumber="27" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BD236B6FF88FF82FF164ECEFED9FDC2" blockId="6.[151,1436,930,1516]" pageId="6" pageNumber="27">
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<emphasis id="B919EAA4FF88FF82FF164ECEFF62FAD2" bold="true" box="[151,219,930,956]" pageId="6" pageNumber="27">Host:</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C6D4D35FF88FF82FF624ECEFDE4FAD2" authority="Bruguiere" authorityName="Bruguiere" box="[227,605,930,956]" class="Gastropoda" family="Nassariidae" genus="Nassarius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="27" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="olivaceus">
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<emphasis id="B919EAA4FF88FF82FF624ECEFE77FAD5" box="[227,462,930,955]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="27">Nassarius olivaceus</emphasis>
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(Bruguière)
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</taxonomicName>
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(Gastropoda,
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<taxonomicName id="4C6D4D35FF88FF82FC854ECEFC2BFAD2" box="[772,914,930,956]" class="Gastropoda" family="Nassariidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="27" phylum="Mollusca" rank="family">Nassariidae</taxonomicName>
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).
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<emphasis id="B919EAA4FF88FF82FF444EA6FE8CFA8A" bold="true" box="[197,309,970,996]" pageId="6" pageNumber="27">Locality:</emphasis>
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Ross Creek, Yeppoon, Queensland (
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<geoCoordinate id="EE595071FF88FF82FD654EA6FC82FA8A" box="[740,827,970,996]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="27" precision="925" value="-23.133333">23°8' S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE595071FF88FF82FCC94EA6FC07FA8A" box="[840,958,970,996]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="27" precision="925" value="150.75">150°45' E</geoCoordinate>
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).
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<emphasis id="B919EAA4FF88FF82FF444E9EFE96FD62" bold="true" box="[197,303,1010,1036]" pageId="6" pageNumber="27">Habitat:</emphasis>
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Amongst and immediately adjacent to mangroves on intertidal mudflats.
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<emphasis id="B919EAA4FF88FF82FF444976FDBDFD5A" bold="true" box="[197,516,1050,1076]" pageId="6" pageNumber="27">Prevalence of emergence:</emphasis>
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0.10% (2 of 1908
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<taxonomicName id="4C6D4D35FF88FF82FD614976FCC9FD5D" box="[736,880,1050,1075]" class="Gastropoda" family="Nassariidae" genus="Nassarius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="27" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="olivaceus">
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<emphasis id="B919EAA4FF88FF82FD614976FCC9FD5D" box="[736,880,1050,1075]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="27">N. olivaceus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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).
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<emphasis id="B919EAA4FF88FF82FF44492EFE85FD32" bold="true" box="[197,316,1090,1116]" pageId="6" pageNumber="27">Material:</emphasis>
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South Australian Museum, AHC 29312–AHC 29313, AHC 34549–AHC 34553.
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<emphasis id="B919EAA4FF88FF82FF444906FE0BFDEA" bold="true" box="[197,434,1130,1156]" pageId="6" pageNumber="27">Dates of collection:</emphasis>
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<date id="FFD31076FF88FF82FE3A4906FCA7FDEA" box="[443,798,1130,1156]" pageId="6" pageNumber="27" value="2005-02" valueMax="2005-11-31" valueMin="2005-02-00">February and November 2005</date>
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.
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<emphasis id="B919EAA4FF88FF82FF4449FEFED9FDC2" bold="true" box="[197,352,1170,1196]" pageId="6" pageNumber="27">Description:</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD236B6FF88FF82FF4449D6FEB0FDBA" blockId="6.[151,1436,930,1516]" box="[197,265,1210,1236]" pageId="6" pageNumber="27">Redia</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD236B6FF88FF82FF44498FFD25FD92" blockId="6.[151,1436,930,1516]" box="[197,668,1250,1276]" pageId="6" pageNumber="27">
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<emphasis id="B919EAA4FF88FF82FF44498FFF48FD92" box="[197,241,1251,1276]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="27">Site</emphasis>
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. Reproductive and digestive glands.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD236B6FF88FF82FF444867FD68FC1A" blockId="6.[151,1436,930,1516]" pageId="6" pageNumber="27">
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<emphasis id="B919EAA4FF88FF82FF444867FE96FC4A" box="[197,303,1291,1316]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="27">Structure</emphasis>
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. Body elongate, cylindrical with posterior extremity tapering to point (
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<figureCitation id="13562A33FF88FF82FBF74866FB52FC4A" box="[1142,1259,1290,1316]" captionStart="FIGURE 3. a – e" captionStartId="7.[151,255,1579,1603]" captionTargetBox="[176,1429,241,1533]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,194,1555]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. a – e. Cercaria capricornia III, naturally emerged from Nassarius olivaceus: a. Body, heat-killed, in ventral view; b. Entire cercaria, heat-killed, from side view; c. Live cercaria, resting attitude, side view; d. Live cercaria, resting attitude, ventral view; e. Rediae, fixed, containing cercariae at different stages of development. Scale bars a, b = 100 μm; c, d not to scale; e = 200 μm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/180900/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="27">Figure 3e</figureCitation>
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). Mouth opens terminally; pharynx spherical. Cercariae in various stages of development.
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<emphasis id="B919EAA4FF88FF82FF444837FEF6FC1A" box="[197,335,1371,1396]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="27">Dimensions</emphasis>
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. Based on 10 unflattened rediae.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD236B6FF88FF82FF4448EEFE43FCF2" blockId="6.[151,1436,930,1516]" box="[197,506,1410,1436]" pageId="6" pageNumber="27">Length: 620–1000 (801.0)</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD236B6FF88FF82FF4448C6FE59FCAA" blockId="6.[151,1436,930,1516]" box="[197,480,1450,1476]" pageId="6" pageNumber="27">Width: 100–170 (121.0)</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD236B6FF88FF82FF4448BEFD3BFC82" blockId="6.[151,1436,930,1516]" box="[197,642,1490,1516]" pageId="6" pageNumber="27">
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Pharynx: 22–30 (25.5)
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<date id="FFD31076FF88FF82FE5448BEFD8DFC82" box="[469,564,1490,1516]" pageId="6" pageNumber="27" value="1920-10-30">x 20–30</date>
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(26.3)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD236B6FF88FF82FF164B4EFE6CFF52" blockId="6.[151,1437,1570,2036]" box="[151,469,1570,1596]" pageId="6" pageNumber="27">Naturally emerged cercaria</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD236B6FF88FF82FF444B27FB7DFECA" blockId="6.[151,1437,1570,2036]" pageId="6" pageNumber="27">
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<emphasis id="B919EAA4FF88FF82FF444B27FEB9FF0A" box="[197,256,1611,1636]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="27">Body</emphasis>
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. Flattened, with conspicuous constriction immediately posterior to ventral sucker (
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<figureCitation id="13562A33FF88FF82FB504B26FAFEFF0A" box="[1233,1351,1610,1636]" captionStart="FIGURE 3. a – e" captionStartId="7.[151,255,1579,1603]" captionTargetBox="[176,1429,241,1533]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,194,1555]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. a – e. Cercaria capricornia III, naturally emerged from Nassarius olivaceus: a. Body, heat-killed, in ventral view; b. Entire cercaria, heat-killed, from side view; c. Live cercaria, resting attitude, side view; d. Live cercaria, resting attitude, ventral view; e. Rediae, fixed, containing cercariae at different stages of development. Scale bars a, b = 100 μm; c, d not to scale; e = 200 μm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/180900/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="27">Figure 3a</figureCitation>
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). Forebody reduced, arched ventrally; body anterior to constriction pyriform, widest at level of anterior margin of ventral sucker. Hindbody posterior to constriction expanded, large, broadly ovate, extremely flattened, extending backwards beyond tail junction on both sides, with deep ventral keel longitudinally between constriction and midpoint of excretory vesicle; keel oblong in profile, deepest at anterior margin of excretory vesicle (
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<figureCitation id="13562A33FF88FF82FF524A7EFEF4FE42" box="[211,333,1810,1836]" captionStart="FIGURE 3. a – e" captionStartId="7.[151,255,1579,1603]" captionTargetBox="[176,1429,241,1533]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,194,1555]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. a – e. Cercaria capricornia III, naturally emerged from Nassarius olivaceus: a. Body, heat-killed, in ventral view; b. Entire cercaria, heat-killed, from side view; c. Live cercaria, resting attitude, side view; d. Live cercaria, resting attitude, ventral view; e. Rediae, fixed, containing cercariae at different stages of development. Scale bars a, b = 100 μm; c, d not to scale; e = 200 μm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/180900/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="27">Figure 3b</figureCitation>
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). In life, body bent dorsally (~90°) at constriction, forebody bent forward ventrally at eyespots; fleshy portion around ventral sucker extremely expanded; hindbody bent ventrally (~120°) at level of anterior margin of excretory vesicle; sides of hindbody anterior from this point to appendage flexed dorsally in a shallow V, sides of posterior hindbody curving ventrally, bowl shaped (
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<figureCitation id="13562A33FF88FF82FB8A4AE6FB0EFECA" box="[1035,1207,1930,1956]" captionStart="FIGURE 3. a – e" captionStartId="7.[151,255,1579,1603]" captionTargetBox="[176,1429,241,1533]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,194,1555]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. a – e. Cercaria capricornia III, naturally emerged from Nassarius olivaceus: a. Body, heat-killed, in ventral view; b. Entire cercaria, heat-killed, from side view; c. Live cercaria, resting attitude, side view; d. Live cercaria, resting attitude, ventral view; e. Rediae, fixed, containing cercariae at different stages of development. Scale bars a, b = 100 μm; c, d not to scale; e = 200 μm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/180900/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="27">Figures 3c, 3d</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD236B6FF88FF82FF444ADFFD59FE9A" blockId="6.[151,1437,1570,2036]" pageId="6" pageNumber="27">
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<emphasis id="B919EAA4FF88FF82FF444ADFFEEDFEA2" box="[197,340,1971,1996]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="27">Appendages</emphasis>
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: Paired appendages, arising from dorsal surface near lateral edge of hindbody, flat paddle shape variable from short, wide to longer, narrow.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="DF12663EFF89FF83FF164B47FE75FFC7" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/180900/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" targetBox="[176,1429,241,1533]" targetPageId="7">
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<paragraph id="8BD236B6FF89FF83FF164B47FE75FFC7" blockId="7.[151,1436,1579,1706]" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">
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<emphasis id="B919EAA4FF89FF83FF164B47FEA3FF2D" bold="true" box="[151,282,1579,1603]" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
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a–e.
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<emphasis id="B919EAA4FF89FF83FED54B47FD83FF2C" box="[340,570,1579,1602]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">
|
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Cercaria
|
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<taxonomicName id="4C6D4D35FF89FF83FE3D4B47FD83FF2C" box="[444,570,1579,1602]" class="Gastropoda" family="Buccinidae" genus="Cantharus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="capricornia">capricornia</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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III, naturally emerged from
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<taxonomicName id="4C6D4D35FF89FF83FCEF4B47FBFCFF2C" box="[878,1093,1579,1602]" class="Gastropoda" family="Nassariidae" genus="Nassarius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="olivaceus">
|
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<emphasis id="B919EAA4FF89FF83FCEF4B47FBFCFF2C" box="[878,1093,1579,1602]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">Nassarius olivaceus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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:
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<emphasis id="B919EAA4FF89FF83FBD54B47FBDEFF2D" bold="true" box="[1108,1127,1579,1603]" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">a.</emphasis>
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Body, heat-killed, in ventral view;
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<emphasis id="B919EAA4FF89FF83FF584B21FF57FF0B" bold="true" box="[217,238,1613,1637]" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">b.</emphasis>
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Entire cercaria, heat-killed, from side view;
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<emphasis id="B919EAA4FF89FF83FD4D4B21FD67FF0B" bold="true" box="[716,734,1613,1637]" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">c.</emphasis>
|
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Live cercaria, resting attitude, side view;
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<emphasis id="B919EAA4FF89FF83FB1F4B21FB0AFF0B" bold="true" box="[1182,1203,1613,1637]" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">d.</emphasis>
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Live cercaria, resting attitude, ventral view;
|
||
<emphasis id="B919EAA4FF89FF83FE074B1CFE21FFE6" bold="true" box="[390,408,1648,1672]" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">e.</emphasis>
|
||
Rediae, fixed, containing cercariae at different stages of development. Scale bars a, b = 100 μm; c, d not to scale; e = 200 μm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD236B6FF89FF83FF444BB2FC34FE4E" blockId="7.[151,1437,1758,2024]" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<emphasis id="B919EAA4FF89FF83FF444BB2FE8AFF99" box="[197,307,1758,1783]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">Tegument</emphasis>
|
||
. Spines anterior to constriction, arranged in regular rows in anterior forebody, longest in anterior two-thirds forebody, decreasing in size towards constriction.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD236B6FF89FF83FF444A42FA8BFE1E" blockId="7.[151,1437,1758,2024]" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<emphasis id="B919EAA4FF89FF83FF444A42FE99FE29" box="[197,288,1838,1863]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">Suckers</emphasis>
|
||
. Oral sucker opening ventrosubterminally, spinose, lacking stylet. Ventral sucker round, row of approximately 93–94 inward pointing spines at aperture, several rows of spines bordering the cavity.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD236B6FF89FF83FF444A12FC2EFEF6" blockId="7.[151,1437,1758,2024]" box="[197,919,1918,1944]" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<emphasis id="B919EAA4FF89FF83FF444A12FE8EFEF9" box="[197,311,1918,1943]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">Eye-spots</emphasis>
|
||
. Round, dense, lateral on either side of prepharynx.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD236B6FF89FF83FF444ACAFAF1FEAE" blockId="7.[151,1437,1758,2024]" box="[197,1352,1958,1984]" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<emphasis id="B919EAA4FF89FF83FF444ACAFE9FFED1" box="[197,294,1958,1983]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">Pigment</emphasis>
|
||
. Golden brown shading, throughout hindbody, in fleshy portion anterior to ventral sucker.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD236B6FF89FF8CFF444AA2FCEDF86C" blockId="7.[151,1437,1758,2024]" lastBlockId="8.[151,1437,152,1378]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<emphasis id="B919EAA4FF89FF83FF444AA2FE1EFE89" box="[197,423,1998,2023]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">Penetration glands</emphasis>
|
||
. Two pairs of small central glands; ducts run anteriorly either side of pharynx, continue forward medially, diverging laterally anterior to eye-spots and running to dorsal lip of oral sucker; three pairs of large lateral glands present, anterolateral to ventral sucker; ducts run anteriorly on lateral edges of body to dorsal lip of oral sucker; all anterior to constriction.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD236B6FF86FF8CFF444C7CFAF6F844" blockId="8.[151,1437,152,1378]" box="[197,1359,272,298]" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<emphasis id="B919EAA4FF86FF8CFF444C7CFE30F847" box="[197,393,272,297]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">Digestive system</emphasis>
|
||
. Mouth opens anteroventrally. Prepharynx long, narrow. Pharynx pyriform, small.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD236B6FF86FF8CFF444C54FAB5F8CC" blockId="8.[151,1437,152,1378]" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<emphasis id="B919EAA4FF86FF8CFF444C54FE28F83F" box="[197,401,312,337]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">Excretory system</emphasis>
|
||
. Excretory vesicle I-shaped, cylindrical, turgid, thin-walled, slightly longer than onethird length hindbody. Two lateral ducts open into anterior extremity of vesicle, continue in close association with vesicle towards posterior extremity. Flame cells difficult to discern, formula not determined.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD236B6FF86FF8CFF444CDCFB7EF8A4" blockId="8.[151,1437,152,1378]" box="[197,1223,432,458]" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<emphasis id="B919EAA4FF86FF8CFF444CDCFF56F8A7" box="[197,239,432,457]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">Tail</emphasis>
|
||
. Simple, long, cylindrical, gradually tapering terminally; lacks spines, setae or fins.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD236B6FF86FF8CFF444CB4FCEDF89C" blockId="8.[151,1437,152,1378]" box="[197,852,472,498]" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<emphasis id="B919EAA4FF86FF8CFF444CB4FEF6F89F" box="[197,335,472,497]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">Dimensions</emphasis>
|
||
. Based on 36 naturally emerged specimens.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD236B6FF86FF8CFF444F6CFD00FB74" blockId="8.[151,1437,152,1378]" box="[197,697,512,538]" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">Total length body: 485–760 (584.6 ± 81.1)</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD236B6FF86FF8CFF444F44FCE1FB2C" blockId="8.[151,1437,152,1378]" box="[197,856,552,578]" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">Length anterior end to tail base: 445–700 (541.4 ± 74.9)</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD236B6FF86FF8CFF444F3CFC9DFB04" blockId="8.[151,1437,152,1378]" box="[197,804,592,618]" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">Maximum width hindbody: 215–420 (280.7 ± 57.0)</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD236B6FF86FF8CFF444F14FCA6FBFC" blockId="8.[151,1437,152,1378]" box="[197,799,632,658]" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">Maximum width forebody: 115–183 (143.5 ± 18.5)</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD236B6FF86FF8CFF444FCCFD7DFBD4" blockId="8.[151,1437,152,1378]" box="[197,708,672,698]" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">Width at constriction: 70–133 (95.2 ± 16.3)</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD236B6FF86FF8CFF444FA4FD17FB8C" blockId="8.[151,1437,152,1378]" box="[197,686,712,738]" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">Length forebody: 125–175 (149.8 ± 12.4)</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD236B6FF86FF8CFF444F9CFC89FA64" blockId="8.[151,1437,152,1378]" box="[197,816,752,778]" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">
|
||
Oral sucker: 42–53 (48.1 ± 2.8)
|
||
<date id="FFD31076FF86FF8CFDBE4F9CFDC8FA64" box="[575,625,752,778]" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" value="1945-10">x 45</date>
|
||
–53 (48.7 ± 2.1)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD236B6FF86FF8CFF444E74FCD4FA5C" blockId="8.[151,1437,152,1378]" box="[197,877,792,818]" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">
|
||
Ventral sucker: 77–105 (91.0 ± 7.1)
|
||
<date id="FFD31076FF86FF8CFDEF4E74FD18FA5C" box="[622,673,792,818]" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" value="1975-10">x 75</date>
|
||
–103 (87.4 ± 7.2)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD236B6FF86FF8CFF444E2CFDEDFA34" blockId="8.[151,1437,152,1378]" box="[197,596,832,858]" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">Prepharynx: 85–120 (104.0 ± 9.1)</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD236B6FF86FF8CFF444E04FDA8FAEC" blockId="8.[151,1437,152,1378]" box="[197,529,872,898]" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">Pharynx: 20–25 (22.4 ± 1.7)</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD236B6FF86FF8CFF444EFCFC17FAC4" blockId="8.[151,1437,152,1378]" box="[197,942,912,938]" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">
|
||
Excretory vesicle: 122–220 (157.4 ± 26.9)
|
||
<date id="FFD31076FF86FF8CFD3C4EFCFCA5FAC4" box="[701,796,912,938]" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" value="1935-10-25">x 25–35</date>
|
||
(27.7 ± 3.0)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD236B6FF86FF8CFF444ED4FCA7FABC" blockId="8.[151,1437,152,1378]" box="[197,798,952,978]" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">
|
||
Tail: 430–810 (608.2 ± 123.3)
|
||
<date id="FFD31076FF86FF8CFDAC4ED4FDD9FABC" box="[557,608,952,978]" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" value="1935-10">x 35</date>
|
||
–63 (47.8 ± 8.8)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD236B6FF86FF8CFF444E8CFC16FA94" blockId="8.[151,1437,152,1378]" box="[197,943,992,1018]" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">
|
||
Appendage (n=70): 35–265 (92.4 ± 54.3)
|
||
<date id="FFD31076FF86FF8CFD304E8CFCA9FA94" box="[689,784,992,1018]" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" value="1963-10-15">x 15–63</date>
|
||
(36.7 ± 11.3)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD236B6FF86FF8CFF444964FD4EFD24" blockId="8.[151,1437,152,1378]" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<emphasis id="B919EAA4FF86FF8CFF444964FD73FD4F" box="[197,714,1032,1057]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">Cercarial emergence: rhythm and variation.</emphasis>
|
||
Large numbers seen to emerge on consecutive days, length of time between periods of emergence not determined.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD236B6FF86FF8CFF444934FCE9FC0C" blockId="8.[151,1437,152,1378]" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<emphasis id="B919EAA4FF86FF8CFF444934FE8CFD1F" box="[197,309,1112,1137]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">Behavior.</emphasis>
|
||
Naturally emerged cercariae are free-swimming and swim actively toward light. When swimming, the hindbody is folded ventrally and the forebody is contracted longitudinally, appendages are contracted; the tail lashes from side to side for movement. When resting, the hindbody is held in threedimensional shape (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13562A33FF86FF8CFE0249BCFE40FD84" box="[387,505,1232,1258]" captionStart="FIGURE 3. a – e" captionStartId="7.[151,255,1579,1603]" captionTargetBox="[176,1429,241,1533]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,194,1555]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. a – e. Cercaria capricornia III, naturally emerged from Nassarius olivaceus: a. Body, heat-killed, in ventral view; b. Entire cercaria, heat-killed, from side view; c. Live cercaria, resting attitude, side view; d. Live cercaria, resting attitude, ventral view; e. Rediae, fixed, containing cercariae at different stages of development. Scale bars a, b = 100 μm; c, d not to scale; e = 200 μm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/180900/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">Figure 3c</figureCitation>
|
||
); tail extends backwards dorsally from hindbody, curves ventrally. When first emerged, cercariae swim actively towards light and frequently rise to surface, float in water column, slowly settle. After about 24 hours, cercariae become less active, may attach to the substrate at tip of tail, decaudation may occur and they start to die. The cercariae never encyst.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |