308 lines
40 KiB
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308 lines
40 KiB
XML
<document id="A7B71665B914F7F0D09641A6B058BB1E" ID-CLB-Dataset="27356" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4577.3.2" ID-GBIF-Dataset="665a714c-6c8e-4d42-a544-282471582c07" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="2632241" ID-ZooBank="E935D0FF-BECD-4981-BAED-CAE1053B041B" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1554704520014" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Marques, Dayse W. A., Skevington, Jeffrey H. & Rafael, José A." docDate="2019" docId="03B987A5526EFFFEFF2D3A95FE56FD28" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4577.3.2.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4577 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Amazunculus besti Rafael" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="445" masterDocId="FF80FFDD526BFFF8FFBA3E61FFD2FF80" masterDocTitle="Revision of the genus Amazunculus Rafael (Diptera: Pipunculidae), with description of six new species" masterLastPageNumber="472" masterPageNumber="439" pageNumber="444" updateTime="1698719050237" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="C16FA6F51A5B393644AE9EA18776219A">Revision of the genus Amazunculus Rafael (Diptera: Pipunculidae), with description of six new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="101935FE4638C7B83E45E2177C4C18E3">Marques, Dayse W. A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="C89CD7A80DF4BD60C1C406DCE704DE99">Skevington, Jeffrey H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="7ADD929842D7712752E9CE0A09EEF860">Rafael, José A.</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="03B987A5526EFFFEFF2D3A95FE56FD28" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5932622" ID-GBIF-Taxon="156146797" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5932622" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B987A5526EFFFEFF2D3A95FE56FD28" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B987A5526EFFFEFF2D3A95FE56FD28" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="445" pageId="5" pageNumber="444">
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<paragraph id="8BAF36B3526EFFFDFF2D3A95FE06FA8E" blockId="5.[151,468,1268,1327]" box="[151,468,1268,1294]" pageId="5" pageNumber="444">
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<heading id="D0E781DF526EFFFDFF2D3A95FE06FA8E" bold="true" box="[151,468,1268,1294]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="444" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C104D30526EFFFDFF2D3A95FE06FA8E" ID-CoL="CKMT" authority="Rafael" authorityName="Rafael" box="[151,468,1268,1294]" class="Insecta" family="Pipunculidae" genus="Amazunculus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="444" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="besti">
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<emphasis id="B964EAA1526EFFFDFF2D3A95FE06FA8E" bold="true" box="[151,468,1268,1294]" pageId="5" pageNumber="444">
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<emphasis id="B964EAA1526EFFFDFF2D3A95FEA9FA8E" bold="true" box="[151,379,1268,1294]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="444">Amazunculus besti</emphasis>
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Rafael
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C30A6538526EFFFDFF2D3B77FEC7FAAF" box="[151,277,1302,1327]" pageId="5" pageNumber="444" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BAF36B3526EFFFDFF2D3B77FEC7FAAF" blockId="5.[151,468,1268,1327]" box="[151,277,1302,1327]" pageId="5" pageNumber="444">
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<figureCitation id="132B2A36526EFFFDFF2D3B77FEC7FAAF" box="[151,277,1302,1327]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 16–19" captionStart-1="FIGURES 20–30" captionStartId-0="6.[151,264,1667,1690]" captionStartId-1="7.[151,264,1905,1928]" captionTargetBox-0="[161,1425,721,1631]" captionTargetBox-1="[160,1418,200,1874]" captionTargetId-0="figure@6.[161,1426,721,1645]" captionTargetId-1="figure@7.[160,1426,200,1874]" captionTargetPageId-0="6" captionTargetPageId-1="7" captionText-0="FIGURES 16–19. Amazunculus besti Rafael. Holotype male. 16, Habitus, left lateral view; 17, Habitus, dorsal view; 18, Wing; 19, Holotype labels." captionText-1="FIGURES 20–30. Amazunculus besti Rafael. Holotype male. 20, Tergite 6 and sternites 6, 7, ventral view; 21, Syntergosternite 8, posterior view; 22, Epandrium and surstyli, dorsal view; 23, Epandrium and surstyli, dorsal view; 24, Left surstylus, lateral view; 25, Right surstylus, lateral view; 26, Hypandrium, phallic guide and phallus, ventral view; 27, Phallic guide, dorsal view; 28, Hypandrium, phallic guide and phallus, left lateral view; 29, Phallus, ventral view; 30, Ejaculatory apodeme." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/2632247/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/2632249/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="444">Figs 16–30</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C30A6538526EFFFDFF2D3B3FFC60FA13" pageId="5" pageNumber="444" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BAF36B3526EFFFDFF2D3B3FFC60FA13" blockId="5.[151,1436,1374,1427]" pageId="5" pageNumber="444">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB00119D526EFFFDFF2D3B3FFC60FA13" pageId="5" pageNumber="444">
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<taxonomicName id="4C104D30526EFFFDFF2D3B3FFDD8FAF4" ID-CoL="CKMT" authority="Rafael, 1986: 17" authorityName="Rafael" authorityPageNumber="17" authorityYear="1986" box="[151,522,1374,1396]" class="Insecta" family="Pipunculidae" genus="Amazunculus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="444" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="besti">
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<emphasis id="B964EAA1526EFFFDFF2D3B3FFE84FAF4" box="[151,342,1374,1396]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="444">Amazunculus besti</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0AB110A2526EFFFDFEE73B3FFDD8FAF4" author="Rafael, J. A." box="[349,522,1374,1396]" page="17" pageId="5" pageNumber="444" year="1986">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF814B42526EFFFDFEE73B3FFE36FAF4" author="Rafael, J. A." box="[349,484,1374,1396]" pageId="5" pageNumber="444" pagination="15 - 19" refId="ref13824" refString="Rafael, J. A. (1986) Amazunculus, a new genus from the Amazon basin (Diptera: Pipunculidae). Amazoniana, 10 (1), 15 - 19." type="journal article" year="1986">Rafael, 1986</bibRefCitation>
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: 17
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</treatmentCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
, fig. 6;
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<treatmentCitation id="0AB110A2526EFFFDFDE73B3FFCBCFAF4" author="Rafael, J. A. & Rosa, M. S. S." box="[605,878,1374,1396]" page="343" pageId="5" pageNumber="444" year="1991">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF814B42526EFFFDFDE73B3FFCE8FAF4" author="Rafael, J. A. & Rosa, M. S. S." box="[605,826,1374,1396]" pageId="5" pageNumber="444" pagination="337 - 350" refId="ref13971" refString="Rafael, J. A. & Rosa, M. S. S. (1991) Pipunculidae (Diptera) da estacao ecologica de Maraca e da localidade de Pacaraima, Roraima, Brasil. Acta Amazonica, 21, 337 - 350. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / 1809 - 43921991211350" type="journal article" year="1991">Rafael & Rosa, 1991</bibRefCitation>
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: 343
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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;
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB110A2526EFFFDFCC03B3EFB9BFAF4" author="De Meyer, M." box="[890,1097,1374,1396]" page="44" pageId="5" pageNumber="444" year="1996">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF814B42526EFFFDFCC03B3EFBF7FAF4" author="De Meyer, M." box="[890,1061,1374,1396]" pageId="5" pageNumber="444" pagination="1 - 127" refId="ref13487" refString="De Meyer, M. (1996) World catalogue of Pipunculidae (Diptera). Documents de Travail de l'Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique, 86, 1 - 127." type="journal article" year="1996">De Meyer, 1996</bibRefCitation>
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: 44
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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(cat.);
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB110A2526EFFFDFB2F3B3FFF3DFA13" author="Galinkin, J. & Rafael, J. A." page="521" pageId="5" pageNumber="444" year="2008">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF814B42526EFFFDFB2F3B3FFA4AFAF4" author="Galinkin, J. & Rafael, J. A." box="[1173,1432,1374,1396]" pageId="5" pageNumber="444" pagination="517 - 524" refId="ref13521" refString="Galinkin, J. & Rafael, J. A. (2008) Revisao do genero neotropical Amazunculus Rafael (Diptera: Pipunculidae) com descricao de tres novas especies e chave de identificacao. Acta Amazonica, 38 (3), 517 - 524. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0044 - 59672008000300017" type="journal article" year="2008">Galinkin & Rafael, 2008</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 521
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
, figs 10, 11;
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB110A2526EFFFDFECB3B1CFD74FA13" author="Rodriguez, H. C. & Rafael, J. A." box="[369,678,1405,1427]" page="14" pageId="5" pageNumber="444" year="2012">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EF814B42526EFFFDFECB3B1CFD53FA13" author="Rodriguez, H. C. & Rafael, J. A." box="[369,641,1405,1427]" pageId="5" pageNumber="444" refId="ref14029" refString="Rodriguez, H. C. & Rafael, J. A. (2012) Pipunculidae (Diptera) of Latin America and the Caribbean: A Catalog of species with notes on biology and Pipunculid-Host associations. LAP Lambert Academic Publishing GmbH & Co. KG, Saarbrucken, 56 pp." type="book" year="2012">Rodriguez & Rafael, 2012</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 14
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
;
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EF814B42526EFFFDFD0B3B1FFC7CFA13" author="Marques, D. W. A. & Rafael, J. A." box="[689,942,1405,1427]" pageId="5" pageNumber="444" refId="ref13760" refString="Marques, D. W. A. & Rafael, J. A. (2018) Pipunculidae. In: Catalogo Taxonomico da Fauna do Brasil. PNUD. Available from: http: // fauna. jbrj. gov. br / fauna / listaBrasil / PrincipalUC / PrincipalUC. do? lingua = pt (accessed 29 March 2018)" type="url" year="2018">Marques & Rafael, 2018</bibRefCitation>
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.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C30A6538526EFFFEFF2D3BDEFB75FF55" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="445" pageId="5" pageNumber="444" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BAF36B3526EFFFDFF2D3BDEFDA8F82C" blockId="5.[151,1437,1471,2037]" pageId="5" pageNumber="444">
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<emphasis id="B964EAA1526EFFFDFF2D3BDEFE96FA58" bold="true" box="[151,324,1471,1496]" pageId="5" pageNumber="444">Redescription.</emphasis>
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Mesopleuron black, brown pruinose, except anepisternum grey pruinose anterodorsally; katatergite grey pruinose and anatergite grey brown pruinose. Mediotergite mostly brown pruinose. Legs (
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<figureCitation id="132B2A36526EFFFDFB6D3B85FA8BFA7D" box="[1239,1369,1508,1533]" captionStart="FIGURES 16–19" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1667,1690]" captionTargetBox="[161,1425,721,1631]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[161,1426,721,1645]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 16–19. Amazunculus besti Rafael. Holotype male. 16, Habitus, left lateral view; 17, Habitus, dorsal view; 18, Wing; 19, Holotype labels." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2632247/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="444">Figs 16–17</figureCitation>
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) dark brown to black, except apices of the coxae, trochanters, femora and bases of tibiae yellow; femora with grey pruinescence on the posterior face below.
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<emphasis id="B964EAA1526EFFFDFD3B384DFD13F9C5" bold="true" box="[641,705,1580,1605]" pageId="5" pageNumber="444">Wing</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation id="132B2A36526EFFFDFD6F384DFCFEF9C4" box="[725,812,1580,1605]" captionStart="FIGURES 16–19" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1667,1690]" captionTargetBox="[161,1425,721,1631]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[161,1426,721,1645]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 16–19. Amazunculus besti Rafael. Holotype male. 16, Habitus, left lateral view; 17, Habitus, dorsal view; 18, Wing; 19, Holotype labels." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2632247/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="444">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
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). Length
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<quantity id="4CE89B56526EFFFDFC27384DFC28F9C4" box="[925,1018,1580,1604]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.8" pageId="5" pageNumber="444" unit="mm" value="7.8">7.8 mm</quantity>
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. LW/MWW = 3.3. LTC/LFC = 1.3. Membrane mostly hyaline except basal third darkened.
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<emphasis id="B964EAA1526EFFFDFC9B382EFC44F9E8" bold="true" box="[801,918,1615,1640]" pageId="5" pageNumber="444">Abdomen</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation id="132B2A36526EFFFDFC13382EFBD3F9E8" box="[937,1025,1615,1640]" captionStart="FIGURES 16–19" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1667,1690]" captionTargetBox="[161,1425,721,1631]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[161,1426,721,1645]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 16–19. Amazunculus besti Rafael. Holotype male. 16, Habitus, left lateral view; 17, Habitus, dorsal view; 18, Wing; 19, Holotype labels." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2632247/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="444">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
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). Dark brown to black with brown pruinescence, all tergites with interrupted bands of grey pruinescence posteriorly. Tergite 6 and sternites 6 and 7 as in
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<figureCitation id="132B2A36526EFFFDFF0038F6FEC6F930" box="[186,276,1687,1712]" captionStart="FIGURES 20–30" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1905,1928]" captionTargetBox="[160,1418,200,1874]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[160,1426,200,1874]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 20–30. Amazunculus besti Rafael. Holotype male. 20, Tergite 6 and sternites 6, 7, ventral view; 21, Syntergosternite 8, posterior view; 22, Epandrium and surstyli, dorsal view; 23, Epandrium and surstyli, dorsal view; 24, Left surstylus, lateral view; 25, Right surstylus, lateral view; 26, Hypandrium, phallic guide and phallus, ventral view; 27, Phallic guide, dorsal view; 28, Hypandrium, phallic guide and phallus, left lateral view; 29, Phallus, ventral view; 30, Ejaculatory apodeme." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2632249/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="444">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
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.
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<emphasis id="B964EAA1526EFFFDFE9F38F6FE7AF930" bold="true" box="[293,424,1687,1712]" pageId="5" pageNumber="444">Terminalia</emphasis>
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. Syntergosternite 8 with a moderately large membranous area (
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<figureCitation id="132B2A36526EFFFDFB1138F6FAD7F930" box="[1195,1285,1687,1712]" captionStart="FIGURES 20–30" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1905,1928]" captionTargetBox="[160,1418,200,1874]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[160,1426,200,1874]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 20–30. Amazunculus besti Rafael. Holotype male. 20, Tergite 6 and sternites 6, 7, ventral view; 21, Syntergosternite 8, posterior view; 22, Epandrium and surstyli, dorsal view; 23, Epandrium and surstyli, dorsal view; 24, Left surstylus, lateral view; 25, Right surstylus, lateral view; 26, Hypandrium, phallic guide and phallus, ventral view; 27, Phallic guide, dorsal view; 28, Hypandrium, phallic guide and phallus, left lateral view; 29, Phallus, ventral view; 30, Ejaculatory apodeme." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2632249/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="444">Fig. 21</figureCitation>
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). Epandrium yellowish brown, very inflated. Surstyli (
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||
<figureCitation id="132B2A36526EFFFDFDC338DDFD2FF954" box="[633,765,1724,1749]" captionStart="FIGURES 20–30" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1905,1928]" captionTargetBox="[160,1418,200,1874]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[160,1426,200,1874]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 20–30. Amazunculus besti Rafael. Holotype male. 20, Tergite 6 and sternites 6, 7, ventral view; 21, Syntergosternite 8, posterior view; 22, Epandrium and surstyli, dorsal view; 23, Epandrium and surstyli, dorsal view; 24, Left surstylus, lateral view; 25, Right surstylus, lateral view; 26, Hypandrium, phallic guide and phallus, ventral view; 27, Phallic guide, dorsal view; 28, Hypandrium, phallic guide and phallus, left lateral view; 29, Phallus, ventral view; 30, Ejaculatory apodeme." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2632249/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="444">Figs 22–23</figureCitation>
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) yellowish brown, symmetric and fused with epandrium, distinctly projected ventrally (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132B2A36526EFFFDFDBA38BEFD59F978" box="[512,651,1759,1784]" captionStart="FIGURES 20–30" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1905,1928]" captionTargetBox="[160,1418,200,1874]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[160,1426,200,1874]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 20–30. Amazunculus besti Rafael. Holotype male. 20, Tergite 6 and sternites 6, 7, ventral view; 21, Syntergosternite 8, posterior view; 22, Epandrium and surstyli, dorsal view; 23, Epandrium and surstyli, dorsal view; 24, Left surstylus, lateral view; 25, Right surstylus, lateral view; 26, Hypandrium, phallic guide and phallus, ventral view; 27, Phallic guide, dorsal view; 28, Hypandrium, phallic guide and phallus, left lateral view; 29, Phallus, ventral view; 30, Ejaculatory apodeme." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2632249/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="444">Figs 24–25</figureCitation>
|
||
), surpassing margins of epandrium and almost reaching base of abdomen. Phallic guide (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132B2A36526EFFFDFE113965FDF9F89D" box="[427,555,1796,1821]" captionStart="FIGURES 20–30" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1905,1928]" captionTargetBox="[160,1418,200,1874]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[160,1426,200,1874]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 20–30. Amazunculus besti Rafael. Holotype male. 20, Tergite 6 and sternites 6, 7, ventral view; 21, Syntergosternite 8, posterior view; 22, Epandrium and surstyli, dorsal view; 23, Epandrium and surstyli, dorsal view; 24, Left surstylus, lateral view; 25, Right surstylus, lateral view; 26, Hypandrium, phallic guide and phallus, ventral view; 27, Phallic guide, dorsal view; 28, Hypandrium, phallic guide and phallus, left lateral view; 29, Phallus, ventral view; 30, Ejaculatory apodeme." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2632249/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="444">Figs 26–28</figureCitation>
|
||
) very elongated, expanded laterally medially (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132B2A36526EFFFDFB8A3965FB51F89C" box="[1072,1155,1796,1821]" captionStart="FIGURES 20–30" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1905,1928]" captionTargetBox="[160,1418,200,1874]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[160,1426,200,1874]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 20–30. Amazunculus besti Rafael. Holotype male. 20, Tergite 6 and sternites 6, 7, ventral view; 21, Syntergosternite 8, posterior view; 22, Epandrium and surstyli, dorsal view; 23, Epandrium and surstyli, dorsal view; 24, Left surstylus, lateral view; 25, Right surstylus, lateral view; 26, Hypandrium, phallic guide and phallus, ventral view; 27, Phallic guide, dorsal view; 28, Hypandrium, phallic guide and phallus, left lateral view; 29, Phallus, ventral view; 30, Ejaculatory apodeme." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2632249/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="444">Fig. 27</figureCitation>
|
||
), longer than surstyli and strongly curved, about 2.4× the hypandrium length. Basal processes of phallus large and pointed, surpassing posterior margin of hypandrium but narrower than hypandrium (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132B2A36526EFFFDFCC2392DFC2CF8E4" box="[888,1022,1868,1893]" captionStart="FIGURES 20–30" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1905,1928]" captionTargetBox="[160,1418,200,1874]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[160,1426,200,1874]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 20–30. Amazunculus besti Rafael. Holotype male. 20, Tergite 6 and sternites 6, 7, ventral view; 21, Syntergosternite 8, posterior view; 22, Epandrium and surstyli, dorsal view; 23, Epandrium and surstyli, dorsal view; 24, Left surstylus, lateral view; 25, Right surstylus, lateral view; 26, Hypandrium, phallic guide and phallus, ventral view; 27, Phallic guide, dorsal view; 28, Hypandrium, phallic guide and phallus, left lateral view; 29, Phallus, ventral view; 30, Ejaculatory apodeme." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2632249/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="444">Figs 26, 29</figureCitation>
|
||
). Apex of phallus elongated, ending well beyond the two long desclerotized projections and with small spiniform projections on medial surface (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132B2A36526EFFFDFAD0390EFF30F82C" captionStart="FIGURES 20–30" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1905,1928]" captionTargetBox="[160,1418,200,1874]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[160,1426,200,1874]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 20–30. Amazunculus besti Rafael. Holotype male. 20, Tergite 6 and sternites 6, 7, ventral view; 21, Syntergosternite 8, posterior view; 22, Epandrium and surstyli, dorsal view; 23, Epandrium and surstyli, dorsal view; 24, Left surstylus, lateral view; 25, Right surstylus, lateral view; 26, Hypandrium, phallic guide and phallus, ventral view; 27, Phallic guide, dorsal view; 28, Hypandrium, phallic guide and phallus, left lateral view; 29, Phallus, ventral view; 30, Ejaculatory apodeme." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2632249/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="444">Figs 28–29</figureCitation>
|
||
). Ejaculatory apodeme as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="132B2A36526EFFFDFD9939F5FDA4F82C" box="[547,630,1940,1965]" captionStart="FIGURES 20–30" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1905,1928]" captionTargetBox="[160,1418,200,1874]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[160,1426,200,1874]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 20–30. Amazunculus besti Rafael. Holotype male. 20, Tergite 6 and sternites 6, 7, ventral view; 21, Syntergosternite 8, posterior view; 22, Epandrium and surstyli, dorsal view; 23, Epandrium and surstyli, dorsal view; 24, Left surstylus, lateral view; 25, Right surstylus, lateral view; 26, Hypandrium, phallic guide and phallus, ventral view; 27, Phallic guide, dorsal view; 28, Hypandrium, phallic guide and phallus, left lateral view; 29, Phallus, ventral view; 30, Ejaculatory apodeme." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2632249/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="444">Fig. 30</figureCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAF36B3526EFFFEFF7D39D9FB75FF55" blockId="5.[151,1437,1471,2037]" lastBlockId="6.[151,1436,151,680]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="445" pageId="5" pageNumber="444">
|
||
<emphasis id="B964EAA1526EFFFDFF7D39D9FECCF851" bold="true" box="[199,286,1976,2001]" pageId="5" pageNumber="444">Female</emphasis>
|
||
known and described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF814B42526EFFFDFDEE39D9FD25F851" author="Rafael, J. A." box="[596,759,1976,2001]" pageId="5" pageNumber="444" pagination="15 - 19" refId="ref13824" refString="Rafael, J. A. (1986) Amazunculus, a new genus from the Amazon basin (Diptera: Pipunculidae). Amazoniana, 10 (1), 15 - 19." type="journal article" year="1986">Rafael (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Front and face with grey pubescence. Postpronotal lobe, mesopleuron and anterior part of scutum with grey pruinescence. Wing base darkened. Abdominal tergites with interrupted bands of grey pruinescence posterolaterally. Ovipositor. OL:
|
||
<quantity id="4CE89B56526DFFFEFC6C3EF6FBE3FF2F" box="[982,1073,151,176]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="445" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
; PL:
|
||
<quantity id="4CE89B56526DFFFEFBCB3EF9FB1EFF2F" box="[1137,1228,152,176]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="445" unit="mm" value="0.9">0.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
; B:
|
||
<quantity id="4CE89B56526DFFFEFB443EF6FA8BFF2F" box="[1278,1369,151,176]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="445" unit="mm" value="0.6">0.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Base dark brown to black, grey pruinose. Piercer yellowish brown, distal part shining and straight.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C30A6538526DFFFEFF7D3EBEFC13FDE0" pageId="6" pageNumber="445" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAF36B3526DFFFEFF7D3EBEFE70FE74" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,680]" pageId="6" pageNumber="445">
|
||
<emphasis id="B964EAA1526DFFFEFF7D3EBEFDD7FF78" bold="true" box="[199,517,223,248]" pageId="6" pageNumber="445">Type material examined.</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B783CEE526DFFFEFDAC3E81FCA2FEC0" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2235579174" collectingDate="1982-09" collectionCode="AM, DIPT, INPA" collectorName="R. Best & J. Skevington Specimen" country="Brazil" county="Amana" latitude="-2.5834804" location="Amazonas" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-64.66669" municipality="Rio Japura" pageId="6" pageNumber="445" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-male="2" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54AB8811526DFFFEFDAC3E81FD78FF78" box="[534,682,224,248]" pageId="6" pageNumber="445" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D16FD3A526DFFFEFD063E81FD06FF77" box="[700,724,224,247]" pageId="6" pageNumber="445" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
: “
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3077623526DFFFEFD4F3E81FC8FFF78" box="[757,861,224,248]" name="Brazil" pageId="6" pageNumber="445">BRASIL</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED01AE76526DFFFEFCCE3E81FC76FF78" box="[884,932,224,248]" country="Australia" name="Australian Museum" pageId="6" pageNumber="445" type="Museum">AM</collectionCode>
|
||
[
|
||
<location id="8ECF6068526DFFFEFC103E81FBF4FF78" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B987A5526EFFFEFF2D3A95FE56FD28:8ECF6068526DFFFEFC103E81FBF4FF78" box="[938,1062,224,248]" country="Brazil" county="Amana" latitude="-2.5834804" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-64.66669" municipality="Rio Japura" name="Amazonas" pageId="6" pageNumber="445">Amazonas</location>
|
||
],
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BCBACC9526DFFFEFBF93EBEFB1BFF78" box="[1091,1225,223,248]" pageId="6" pageNumber="445">Rio Japurá</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
, L.[ago]
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62CE4E3F526DFFFEFAFE3E81FA4AFF78" box="[1348,1432,224,248]" pageId="6" pageNumber="445">Amanã</collectingCounty>
|
||
, [
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE245074526DFFFEFF243F65FEFAFE9D" box="[158,296,260,285]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="445" precision="1" value="-2.5834804">2°35'0.53"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE245074526DFFFEFEF83F65FE37FE9D" box="[322,485,260,285]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="445" precision="1" value="-64.66669">64°40'0.09"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
],
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFEAE99B526DFFFEFDBF3F65FD8FFE9D" box="[517,605,260,285]" pageId="6" pageNumber="445" value="1982-09">
|
||
<date id="FFAE1073526DFFFEFDBF3F65FD8FFE9D" box="[517,605,260,285]" pageId="6" pageNumber="445" value="1982-09">ix.1982</date>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26E55365526DFFFEFDCF3F64FD05FE9C" box="[629,727,260,284]" pageId="6" pageNumber="445">R. Best</collectorName>
|
||
” “Holótipo
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D16FD3A526DFFFEFCC03F64FC43FE9C" box="[890,913,261,284]" pageId="6" pageNumber="445" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C104D30526DFFFEFC103F65FB39FE9D" authority="Rafael" authorityName="Rafael" box="[938,1259,260,285]" class="Insecta" family="Pipunculidae" genus="Amazunculus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="445" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="besti">
|
||
<emphasis id="B964EAA1526DFFFEFC103F65FB5BFE9C" box="[938,1161,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="445">Amazunculus besti</emphasis>
|
||
Rafael
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
”, “
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED01AE76526DFFFEFAA23F65FA88FE9C" box="[1304,1370,260,284]" pageId="6" pageNumber="445">DIPT</collectionCode>
|
||
. 364 HOLÓTIPO” “
|
||
<collectorName id="26E55365526DFFFEFEF93F49FD83FEC0" box="[323,593,295,320]" pageId="6" pageNumber="445">J. Skevington Specimen</collectorName>
|
||
#7941” (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED01AE76526DFFFEFD033F49FD2EFEC0" box="[697,764,296,320]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm88-499z" name="Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia" pageId="6" pageNumber="445">INPA</collectionCode>
|
||
) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132B2A36526DFFFEFCA93F46FCB5FEC0" box="[787,871,295,320]" captionStart="FIGURES 16–19" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1667,1690]" captionTargetBox="[161,1425,721,1631]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[161,1426,721,1645]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 16–19. Amazunculus besti Rafael. Holotype male. 16, Habitus, left lateral view; 17, Habitus, dorsal view; 18, Wing; 19, Holotype labels." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2632247/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="445">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B783CEE526DFFFEFCC13F49FE4DFE74" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2235579166" collectingDate="1982-08" collectingDateMax="1987-11-30" collectingDateMin="1982-08" collectionCode="DIPT, INPA" collectorName="R. Best & J. Skevington Specimen & J. A. Rafael & J. E. B. Brasil & L. S. Aquino" country="Brazil" county="Paratipo" determinerName="J. A. Rafael" latitude="3.4166667" location="Ilha de Maraca" longLatPrecision="1307" longitude="-61.666668" municipality="Rio Uraricoera" pageId="6" pageNumber="445" specimenCount="5" specimenCount-female="4" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Roraima" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54AB8811526DFFFEFCC13F49FC30FEC0" box="[891,994,296,320]" pageId="6" pageNumber="445" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
: “
|
||
<emphasis id="B964EAA1526DFFFEFC423F49FBFCFEC0" box="[1016,1070,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="445">idem</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFEAE99B526DFFFEFB873F46FB76FEC0" box="[1085,1188,295,320]" pageId="6" pageNumber="445" value="1982-08">
|
||
<date id="FFAE1073526DFFFEFB873F46FB76FEC0" box="[1085,1188,295,320]" pageId="6" pageNumber="445" value="1982-08">viii.1982</date>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26E55365526DFFFEFB0A3F49FAD7FEC0" box="[1200,1285,296,320]" pageId="6" pageNumber="445">R. Best</collectorName>
|
||
” “
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62CE4E3F526DFFFEFA9A3F46FA52FEC0" box="[1312,1408,295,320]" pageId="6" pageNumber="445">Parátipo</collectingCounty>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D16FD3A526DFFFEFA3D3F49FA4EFEBF" box="[1415,1436,296,319]" pageId="6" pageNumber="445" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C104D30526DFFFEFF2D3F2DFE13FEE5" authority="Rafael" authorityName="Rafael" box="[151,449,332,357]" class="Insecta" family="Pipunculidae" genus="Amazunculus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="445" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="besti">
|
||
<emphasis id="B964EAA1526DFFFEFF2D3F2DFEB8FEE4" box="[151,362,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="445">Amazunculus besti</emphasis>
|
||
Rafael
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
”, “
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED01AE76526DFFFEFE583F2DFDF6FEE4" box="[482,548,332,356]" pageId="6" pageNumber="445">DIPT</collectionCode>
|
||
. 364 PARÁTIPO” “
|
||
<collectorName id="26E55365526DFFFEFCB13F2DFBCEFEE5" box="[779,1052,332,357]" pageId="6" pageNumber="445">J. Skevington Specimen</collectorName>
|
||
#7942” (
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D16FD3A526DFFFEFB313F2DFB67FEE4" box="[1163,1205,332,356]" pageId="6" pageNumber="445" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED01AE76526DFFFEFB7F3F2DFADBFEE4" box="[1221,1289,332,356]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm88-499z" name="Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia" pageId="6" pageNumber="445">INPA</collectionCode>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="B964EAA1526DFFFEFAA63F2DFF2EFE08" bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="445">Additional material</emphasis>
|
||
: “
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3077623526DFFFEFEAC3F11FE52FE08" box="[278,384,368,392]" name="Brazil" pageId="6" pageNumber="445">BRASIL</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49D4F851526DFFFEFE363F0EFE3DFE08" box="[396,495,367,392]" country="Brazil" name="Roraima" pageId="6" pageNumber="445">Roraima</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BCBACC9526DFFFEFE463F0EFD75FE08" box="[508,679,367,392]" pageId="6" pageNumber="445">Rio Uraricoera</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8ECF6068526DFFFEFD093F0EFCB3FE08" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B987A5526EFFFEFF2D3A95FE56FD28:8ECF6068526DFFFEFD093F0EFCB3FE08" box="[691,865,367,392]" country="Brazil" county="Paratipo" latitude="3.4166667" longLatPrecision="1307" longitude="-61.666668" municipality="Rio Uraricoera" name="Ilha de Maraca" pageId="6" pageNumber="445" stateProvince="Roraima">Ilha de Maracá</location>
|
||
, [
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE245074526DFFFEFCCE3F0EFC07FE08" box="[884,981,367,392]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="445" precision="925" value="3.4166667">03°25'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE245074526DFFFEFC583F0EFB98FE08" box="[994,1098,367,392]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="445" precision="925" value="-61.666668">61°40'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
],
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFEAE99B526DFFFEFBE73F11FB25FE08" box="[1117,1271,368,392]" pageId="6" pageNumber="445" value="1987-05-02" valueMax="1987-05-13" valueMin="1987-05-02">
|
||
<date id="FFAE1073526DFFFEFBE73F11FB25FE08" box="[1117,1271,368,392]" pageId="6" pageNumber="445" value="1987-05-02" valueMax="1987-05-13" valueMin="1987-05-02">02–13.v.1987</date>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
” “
|
||
<collectorName id="26E55365526DFFFEFAAC3F11FA4AFE08" box="[1302,1432,367,392]" pageId="6" pageNumber="445">J.A. Rafael</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26E55365526DFFFEFF2D3FF4FEF7FE2D" box="[151,293,404,429]" pageId="6" pageNumber="445">J.E.B. Brasil</collectorName>
|
||
e
|
||
<collectorName id="26E55365526DFFFEFEFB3FF5FE1CFE2D" box="[321,462,404,429]" pageId="6" pageNumber="445">L.S. Aquino</collectorName>
|
||
” “
|
||
<location id="8ECF6068526DFFFEFE503FF5FD3BFE2D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B987A5526EFFFEFF2D3A95FE56FD28:8ECF6068526DFFFEFE503FF5FD3BFE2D" box="[490,745,404,429]" country="Brazil" county="Paratipo" latitude="3.4166667" longLatPrecision="1307" longitude="-61.666668" municipality="Rio Uraricoera" name="Armadilha de Malaise" pageId="6" pageNumber="445" stateProvince="Roraima">Armadilha de Malaise</location>
|
||
” “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C104D30526DFFFEFCB23FF5FBF9FE2D" authority="Rafael" authorityName="Rafael" box="[776,1067,404,429]" class="Insecta" family="Pipunculidae" genus="Amazunculus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="445" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="besti">
|
||
<emphasis id="B964EAA1526DFFFEFCB23FF5FC08FE2C" box="[776,986,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="445">Amazunculus besti</emphasis>
|
||
Rafael
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
det.
|
||
<determinerName id="7E73DA77526DFFFEFBDE3FF5FB37FE2D" box="[1124,1253,404,429]" pageId="6" pageNumber="445">J.A. Rafael</determinerName>
|
||
” “
|
||
<collectorName id="26E55365526DFFFEFAB93FF5FED7FE50" pageId="6" pageNumber="445">J. Skevington Specimen</collectorName>
|
||
#7917” (
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D16FD3A526DFFFEFEC93FD9FE4DFE4F" box="[371,415,440,464]" pageId="6" pageNumber="445" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED01AE76526DFFFEFE163FD9FE22FE50" box="[428,496,440,464]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm88-499z" name="Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia" pageId="6" pageNumber="445">INPA</collectionCode>
|
||
); “
|
||
<emphasis id="B964EAA1526DFFFEFDAB3FD9FD95FE50" box="[529,583,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="445">idem</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFEAE99B526DFFFEFDED3FD6FD29FE50" box="[599,763,439,464]" pageId="6" pageNumber="445" value="1987-11-21" valueMax="1987-11-30" valueMin="1987-11-21">
|
||
<date id="FFAE1073526DFFFEFDED3FD6FD29FE50" box="[599,763,439,464]" pageId="6" pageNumber="445" value="1987-11-21" valueMax="1987-11-30" valueMin="1987-11-21">21–30.xi.1987</date>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26E55365526DFFFEFCB23FD9FC54FE50" box="[776,902,439,464]" pageId="6" pageNumber="445">J.A. Rafael</collectorName>
|
||
e equipe” “
|
||
<location id="8ECF6068526DFFFEFBB73FD6FADFFE50" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B987A5526EFFFEFF2D3A95FE56FD28:8ECF6068526DFFFEFBB73FD6FADFFE50" box="[1037,1293,439,464]" country="Brazil" county="Paratipo" latitude="3.4166667" longLatPrecision="1307" longitude="-61.666668" municipality="Rio Uraricoera" name="Armadilha de Malaise" pageId="6" pageNumber="445" stateProvince="Roraima">Armadilha de Malaise</location>
|
||
” “DW0412- DW0413” (
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D16FD3A526DFFFEFEA03FBDFE96FE74" box="[282,324,476,500]" pageId="6" pageNumber="445" type="female">2 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED01AE76526DFFFEFEE83FBDFE44FE74" box="[338,406,476,500]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm88-499z" name="Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia" pageId="6" pageNumber="445">INPA</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAF36B3526DFFFEFF7D3F9EFBFCFDBD" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,680]" pageId="6" pageNumber="445">
|
||
<emphasis id="B964EAA1526DFFFEFF7D3F9EFE66FD98" bold="true" box="[199,436,511,536]" pageId="6" pageNumber="445">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54AB8811526DFFFEFF7D3F9EFEE6FD98" box="[199,308,511,536]" pageId="6" pageNumber="445" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
condition.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Head lost; right wing detached, mounted on microslide; left wing with apex damaged; front legs glued in a paper triangle; terminalia placed in a microvial with glycerin.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAF36B3526DFFFEFF7D3C26FC13FDE0" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,680]" box="[199,961,583,608]" pageId="6" pageNumber="445">
|
||
<emphasis id="B964EAA1526DFFFEFF7D3C26FDD6FDE0" bold="true" box="[199,516,583,608]" pageId="6" pageNumber="445">Geographical distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3077623526DFFFEFDB13C26FD86FDE0" box="[523,596,583,608]" name="Brazil" pageId="6" pageNumber="445">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49D4F851526DFFFEFDE43C26FD13FDE0" box="[606,705,583,608]" country="Brazil" name="Roraima" pageId="6" pageNumber="445">Roraima</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Amazonas (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132B2A36526DFFFEFCE83C26FC67FDE0" box="[850,949,583,608]" captionStart="FIGURES 182" captionStartId="30.[151,264,1634,1657]" captionTargetBox="[242,1345,625,1604]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[242,1345,625,1604]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURES 182. Distribution of Amazunculus species. 182, A. acreanus sp. nov., A. besti Rafael, A. bethoi sp. nov., A. cordigaster Galinkin & Rafael and A. deargentatus Galinkin & Rafael." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2632291/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="445">Fig. 182</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C30A6538526DFFFEFF7D3C0DFE56FD28" pageId="6" pageNumber="445" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAF36B3526DFFFEFF7D3C0DFE56FD28" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,680]" pageId="6" pageNumber="445">
|
||
<emphasis id="B964EAA1526DFFFEFF7D3C0DFEF1FD05" bold="true" box="[199,291,620,645]" pageId="6" pageNumber="445">Habitat</emphasis>
|
||
. This species is found in the Brazilian Amazon rainforest, with some specimens collected in Malaise traps at ground level.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |