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<mods:title id="B7F6272C5FB18DEEBE4B478D632680F6">A revision of Chinese pear psyllids (Hemiptera: Psylloidea) associated with Pyrus ussuriensis</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03B1723DFFEBFF82FF60FC1556947362" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6178504" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119527424" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6178504" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B1723DFFEBFF82FF60FC1556947362" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B1723DFFEBFF82FF60FC1556947362" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="69" pageId="7" pageNumber="65">
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<paragraph id="8BA7C32BFFEBFF8EFF60FC1557EE748A" blockId="7.[151,745,933,991]" box="[151,745,933,959]" pageId="7" pageNumber="65">
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<taxonomicName id="4C18B8A8FFEBFF8EFF60FC1557EE748A" ID-CoL="P64W" authority="Yang &amp; Li" authorityName="Yang &amp; Li" box="[151,745,933,959]" class="Insecta" family="Psyllidae" genus="Cacopsylla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chinensis" subGenus="Hepatopsylla">
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<emphasis id="B96C1F39FFEBFF8EFF60FC15541C748A" bold="true" box="[151,283,933,959]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="65">Cacopsylla</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B96C1F39FFEBFF8EFEDBFC1554CD748A" bold="true" box="[300,458,933,959]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="65">Hepatopsylla</emphasis>
) 
<emphasis id="B96C1F39FFEBFF8EFE2CFC15574A748A" bold="true" box="[475,589,933,959]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="65">chinensis</emphasis>
(Yang &amp; Li)
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<paragraph id="8BA7C32BFFEBFF8EFF60FC77542074EA" blockId="7.[151,745,933,991]" box="[151,295,967,991]" pageId="7" pageNumber="65">
(
<figureCitation id="1323DFAEFFEBFF8EFF68FC77541874EA" box="[159,287,967,991]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 20 – 29" captionStart-1="FIGURES 30 – 32" captionStartId-0="8.[151,264,1867,1890]" captionStartId-1="9.[151,264,1936,1959]" captionTargetBox-0="[193,1386,220,1808]" captionTargetBox-1="[183,1387,228,1935]" captionTargetId-0="figure@8.[179,1407,193,1846]" captionTargetId-1="figure@9.[181,1405,193,1941]" captionTargetPageId-0="8" captionTargetPageId-1="9" captionText-0="FIGURES 20 – 29. Cacopsylla (Hepatopsylla) chinensis (Yang &amp; Li, 1981), adult. 20. Head, antennae removed; 21. microscopic structure of denoted part of vertex; 22. male terminalia, without distal aedeagus segment; 23. distal aedeagus segment; 24. inner view of paramere; 25. female terminalia, inner valvulae removed; 26. antennal segment X of summer form; 27. antennal segment X of winter form; 28. fore wing of summer form; 29. fore wing of winter form. Scale: for 20, 0.16 mm; for 21, 0.064 mm; for 22, 23 &amp; 25, 0.2 mm; for 24, 26 &amp; 27, 0.32 mm; for 28 &amp; 29, 0.3 mm." captionText-1="FIGURES 30 – 32. Cacopsylla (Hepatopsylla) chinensis (Yang &amp; Li, 1981), nymph. 30. Overall view, left half shows dorsal aspect, right half shows ventral aspect; 31. ventral surface of caudal plate; 32. tarsal arolium and claws. Scale: for 17, 0.6 mm; for 18, 0.2 mm; for 19, 0.05 mm." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/213979/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/213980/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="65">Figs 20–32</figureCitation>
)
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<subSubSection id="C30290A0FFEBFF83FF60FBA050327224" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="68" pageId="7" pageNumber="65" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BA7C32BFFEBFF8EFF60FBA0560F7313" blockId="7.[151,1225,1040,1123]" box="[151,776,1040,1062]" pageId="7" pageNumber="65">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB08E405FFEBFF8EFF60FBA0560F7313" box="[151,776,1040,1062]" pageId="7" pageNumber="65">
<taxonomicName id="4C18B8A8FFEBFF8EFF60FBA057127310" ID-CoL="4PRHS" authority="Yang &amp; Li, 1981: 37" authorityName="Yang &amp; Li" authorityPageNumber="37" authorityYear="1981" box="[151,533,1040,1062]" class="Insecta" family="Psyllidae" genus="Psylla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chinensis">
<emphasis id="B96C1F39FFEBFF8EFF60FBA0543C7313" box="[151,315,1040,1062]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="65">Psylla chinensis</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AB9E53AFFEBFF8EFEB6FBA157127310" author="Yang" box="[321,533,1040,1062]" page="37" pageId="7" pageNumber="65" year="1981">
<bibRefCitation id="EF89BEDAFFEBFF8EFEB6FBA154E87310" author="Yang" box="[321,495,1040,1062]" pageId="7" pageNumber="65" refString="Yang, C-K. &amp; Li, F. (1981) The pear Psylla (Homoptera) of China with descriptions of seven new species. Entomotaxonomia, 3, 35 - 47." type="journal article" year="1981">Yang &amp; Li, 1981</bibRefCitation>
: 37
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; Hodkinson, 1986: 325.
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<paragraph id="8BA7C32BFFEBFF8EFF60FB9F566C7356" blockId="7.[151,1225,1040,1123]" pageId="7" pageNumber="65">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB08E405FFEBFF8EFF60FB9F566C7356" pageId="7" pageNumber="65">
<taxonomicName id="4C18B8A8FFEBFF8EFF60FB9F57DD7371" ID-CoL="P64W" authority="Yang &amp; Li" authorityName="Yang &amp; Li" authorityYear="1993" box="[151,730,1070,1093]" class="Insecta" family="Psyllidae" genus="Cacopsylla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chinensis">
<emphasis id="B96C1F39FFEBFF8EFF60FB9F546A7370" box="[151,365,1071,1093]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="65">Cacopsylla chinensis</emphasis>
(
<treatmentCitation id="0AB9E53AFFEBFF8EFE8DFB9F57DD7371" author="Yang" box="[378,730,1070,1092]" page="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="65" year="1993">
<bibRefCitation id="EF89BEDAFFEBFF8EFE8DFB9F57DD7371" author="Yang" box="[378,730,1070,1092]" pageId="7" pageNumber="65" refString="Li, F., Liu, Y. &amp; Yang, C. (1993) The psyllids (Homoptera: Psylloidea) of Ningxia, China: An annotated checklist. Acta Agriculturae Boreal-occidentalis Sinica, 2, 6 - 12." type="journal article" year="1993">Yang &amp; Li): Li, Liu &amp; Yang, 1993</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
: 9; 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB9E53AFFEBFF8EFD09FB9F51287371" author="Yang" box="[766,1071,1070,1092]" page="213" pageId="7" pageNumber="65" year="2004">
<bibRefCitation id="EF89BEDAFFEBFF8EFD09FB9F56FB7371" author="Yang" box="[766,1020,1070,1092]" pageId="7" pageNumber="65" refString="Yang, M., Huang, J. &amp; Li, F. (2004) A new record of Cacopsylla species (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) from pear orchards in Taiwan. Formosan Entomology, 24, 213 - 220." type="journal article" year="2004">Yang, Huang &amp; Li, 2004</bibRefCitation>
: 213
</treatmentCitation>
; 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB9E53AFFEBFF8EFBCDFB9E51C27371" author="Li" box="[1082,1221,1070,1092]" page="872" pageId="7" pageNumber="65" year="2011">
<bibRefCitation id="EF89BEDAFFEBFF8EFBCDFB9E51947371" author="Li" box="[1082,1171,1070,1092]" pageId="7" pageNumber="65" refString="Li, F. (2011) Psyllidomorpha of China (Insecta: Hemiptera). Science Press, Beijing, 1976 pp." type="book" year="2011">Li, 2011</bibRefCitation>
: 872
</treatmentCitation>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C18B8A8FFEBFF8EFF60FBFD57267356" ID-CoL="5X5MQ" authority="Li, 1993: 452" authorityName="Li" authorityPageNumber="452" authorityYear="1993" box="[151,545,1101,1123]" class="Insecta" family="Psyllidae" genus="Cacopsylla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guangdongli">
<emphasis id="B96C1F39FFEBFF8EFF60FBFD54887356" box="[151,399,1101,1123]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="65">Cacopsylla guangdongli</emphasis>
Li, 1993: 452
</taxonomicName>
. Synonymized by 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB9E53AFFEBFF8EFD2BFBFD56607356" author="Li" box="[732,871,1101,1123]" page="872" pageId="7" pageNumber="65" year="2011">
<bibRefCitation id="EF89BEDAFFEBFF8EFD2BFBFD56337356" author="Li" box="[732,820,1101,1123]" pageId="7" pageNumber="65" refString="Li, F. (2011) Psyllidomorpha of China (Insecta: Hemiptera). Science Press, Beijing, 1976 pp." type="book" year="2011">Li, 2011</bibRefCitation>
: 872
</treatmentCitation>
.
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA7C32BFFEBFF8EFF60FB3F55EE7202" blockId="7.[151,1437,1167,2028]" pageId="7" pageNumber="65">
<emphasis id="B96C1F39FFEBFF8EFF60FB3F55E5739D" bold="true" box="[151,226,1167,1192]" pageId="7" pageNumber="65">Adult.</emphasis>
Coloration: Summer form: General colour green to yellow. Concave area around discal foveae of vertex slightly darker. Ocelli orange. Compound eyes grey. Antenna light yellow, apices of segments IV–VIII brown, segments IX–X entirely black. Thoracic terga with orange stripes. Legs yellow. Fore wing transparent and more or less yellowish (
<figureCitation id="1323DFAEFFEBFF8EFEBDFB4C54A67221" box="[330,417,1276,1300]" captionStart="FIGURES 20 – 29" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1867,1890]" captionTargetBox="[193,1386,220,1808]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[179,1407,193,1846]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 20 – 29. Cacopsylla (Hepatopsylla) chinensis (Yang &amp; Li, 1981), adult. 20. Head, antennae removed; 21. microscopic structure of denoted part of vertex; 22. male terminalia, without distal aedeagus segment; 23. distal aedeagus segment; 24. inner view of paramere; 25. female terminalia, inner valvulae removed; 26. antennal segment X of summer form; 27. antennal segment X of winter form; 28. fore wing of summer form; 29. fore wing of winter form. Scale: for 20, 0.16 mm; for 21, 0.064 mm; for 22, 23 &amp; 25, 0.2 mm; for 24, 26 &amp; 27, 0.32 mm; for 28 &amp; 29, 0.3 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/213979/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="65">Fig. 28</figureCitation>
), veins yellow, without marking near apex of claval suture. Male and female terminalia yellow.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA7C32BFFEBFF8EFF32FAF456FC7101" blockId="7.[151,1437,1167,2028]" pageId="7" pageNumber="65">Winter form: Body brown, with dark pattern occupying large areas. Vertex yellow, discal foveae dark brown, concave area around discal foveae with dark brown marking that vary among individuals. Genal process brown. Antenna yellowish brown, apices of segments IV–VII dark brown, segments VIII–X entirely black. Ocelli yellow or orange. Thoracic terga brown, with dark brown stripes on mesopreascutum, and black stripes on mesoscutum. Legs brown, femora variably blackened; apical tarsal segments dark brown. Fore wing transparent and colourless, veins dark brown, C+Sc and pterostigma yellowish brown, marking near apex of claval suture dark brown and relatively small. Abdomen including male and female terminalia dark brown.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA7C32BFFEBFF8EFF32F98F56BE7048" blockId="7.[151,1437,1167,2028]" pageId="7" pageNumber="65">
Structure: Summer form: Body glabrous. Head strongly inclined from longitudinal body axis, about as wide as mesoscutum. Vertex (
<figureCitation id="1323DFAEFFEBFF8EFE6DF9D454F57149" box="[410,498,1636,1660]" captionStart="FIGURES 20 – 29" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1867,1890]" captionTargetBox="[193,1386,220,1808]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[179,1407,193,1846]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 20 – 29. Cacopsylla (Hepatopsylla) chinensis (Yang &amp; Li, 1981), adult. 20. Head, antennae removed; 21. microscopic structure of denoted part of vertex; 22. male terminalia, without distal aedeagus segment; 23. distal aedeagus segment; 24. inner view of paramere; 25. female terminalia, inner valvulae removed; 26. antennal segment X of summer form; 27. antennal segment X of winter form; 28. fore wing of summer form; 29. fore wing of winter form. Scale: for 20, 0.16 mm; for 21, 0.064 mm; for 22, 23 &amp; 25, 0.2 mm; for 24, 26 &amp; 27, 0.32 mm; for 28 &amp; 29, 0.3 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/213979/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="65">Fig. 21</figureCitation>
) finely sculptured with microscopic setae and scaly micro structures that are relatively large, smooth and dense. Genal processes (
<figureCitation id="1323DFAEFFEBFF8EFCF3F937565D71AA" box="[772,858,1671,1695]" captionStart="FIGURES 20 – 29" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1867,1890]" captionTargetBox="[193,1386,220,1808]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[179,1407,193,1846]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 20 – 29. Cacopsylla (Hepatopsylla) chinensis (Yang &amp; Li, 1981), adult. 20. Head, antennae removed; 21. microscopic structure of denoted part of vertex; 22. male terminalia, without distal aedeagus segment; 23. distal aedeagus segment; 24. inner view of paramere; 25. female terminalia, inner valvulae removed; 26. antennal segment X of summer form; 27. antennal segment X of winter form; 28. fore wing of summer form; 29. fore wing of winter form. Scale: for 20, 0.16 mm; for 21, 0.064 mm; for 22, 23 &amp; 25, 0.2 mm; for 24, 26 &amp; 27, 0.32 mm; for 28 &amp; 29, 0.3 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/213979/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="65">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
) cone-shaped, moderately divergent and subacute apically, about as long as vertex along median suture, covered with long setae. Antenna slender and relatively short; terminal setae (
<figureCitation id="1323DFAEFFEBFF8EFE78F96054E671DD" box="[399,481,1744,1768]" captionStart="FIGURES 20 – 29" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1867,1890]" captionTargetBox="[193,1386,220,1808]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[179,1407,193,1846]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 20 – 29. Cacopsylla (Hepatopsylla) chinensis (Yang &amp; Li, 1981), adult. 20. Head, antennae removed; 21. microscopic structure of denoted part of vertex; 22. male terminalia, without distal aedeagus segment; 23. distal aedeagus segment; 24. inner view of paramere; 25. female terminalia, inner valvulae removed; 26. antennal segment X of summer form; 27. antennal segment X of winter form; 28. fore wing of summer form; 29. fore wing of winter form. Scale: for 20, 0.16 mm; for 21, 0.064 mm; for 22, 23 &amp; 25, 0.2 mm; for 24, 26 &amp; 27, 0.32 mm; for 28 &amp; 29, 0.3 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/213979/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="65">Fig. 26</figureCitation>
) of different lengths, longer one about 1.5 times as long as shorter one, and slightly shorter than antennal segment X. Metatibia with blunt basal spine, apical spurs arranged as 1+3+1. Fore wing (
<figureCitation id="1323DFAEFFEBFF8EFA98F94455B17005" captionStart="FIGURES 20 – 29" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1867,1890]" captionTargetBox="[193,1386,220,1808]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[179,1407,193,1846]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 20 – 29. Cacopsylla (Hepatopsylla) chinensis (Yang &amp; Li, 1981), adult. 20. Head, antennae removed; 21. microscopic structure of denoted part of vertex; 22. male terminalia, without distal aedeagus segment; 23. distal aedeagus segment; 24. inner view of paramere; 25. female terminalia, inner valvulae removed; 26. antennal segment X of summer form; 27. antennal segment X of winter form; 28. fore wing of summer form; 29. fore wing of winter form. Scale: for 20, 0.16 mm; for 21, 0.064 mm; for 22, 23 &amp; 25, 0.2 mm; for 24, 26 &amp; 27, 0.32 mm; for 28 &amp; 29, 0.3 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/213979/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="65">Fig. 28</figureCitation>
) oval, widest in the middle; pterostigma relatively long, ending in the apical 2/5 of cell r1; cell cu1 near quadrate, curvature of vein Cu1a relatively strong; surface spinules present in all cells, leaving wide spinule-free stripes along veins, fields narrowing along wing margin in cells r1, r2, m1, m2 and cu1.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA7C32BFFEBFF83FF32F83C500577C2" blockId="7.[151,1437,1167,2028]" lastBlockId="10.[151,1437,151,2018]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="68" pageId="7" pageNumber="65">
Male terminalia: Proctiger (
<figureCitation id="1323DFAEFFEBFF8EFDF1F83C575C7091" box="[518,603,1932,1956]" captionStart="FIGURES 20 – 29" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1867,1890]" captionTargetBox="[193,1386,220,1808]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[179,1407,193,1846]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 20 – 29. Cacopsylla (Hepatopsylla) chinensis (Yang &amp; Li, 1981), adult. 20. Head, antennae removed; 21. microscopic structure of denoted part of vertex; 22. male terminalia, without distal aedeagus segment; 23. distal aedeagus segment; 24. inner view of paramere; 25. female terminalia, inner valvulae removed; 26. antennal segment X of summer form; 27. antennal segment X of winter form; 28. fore wing of summer form; 29. fore wing of winter form. Scale: for 20, 0.16 mm; for 21, 0.064 mm; for 22, 23 &amp; 25, 0.2 mm; for 24, 26 &amp; 27, 0.32 mm; for 28 &amp; 29, 0.3 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/213979/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="65">Fig. 22</figureCitation>
) slender and slightly curved, covered with sparse short setae. Paramere (
<figureCitation id="1323DFAEFFEBFF8EFF57F800542570FD" box="[160,290,1968,1992]" captionStart="FIGURES 20 – 29" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1867,1890]" captionTargetBox="[193,1386,220,1808]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[179,1407,193,1846]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 20 – 29. Cacopsylla (Hepatopsylla) chinensis (Yang &amp; Li, 1981), adult. 20. Head, antennae removed; 21. microscopic structure of denoted part of vertex; 22. male terminalia, without distal aedeagus segment; 23. distal aedeagus segment; 24. inner view of paramere; 25. female terminalia, inner valvulae removed; 26. antennal segment X of summer form; 27. antennal segment X of winter form; 28. fore wing of summer form; 29. fore wing of winter form. Scale: for 20, 0.16 mm; for 21, 0.064 mm; for 22, 23 &amp; 25, 0.2 mm; for 24, 26 &amp; 27, 0.32 mm; for 28 &amp; 29, 0.3 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/213979/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="65">Figs 22, 24</figureCitation>
) lamellar and slender; apex tooth-shaped, slightly projected cephalad; setae present in both inner and outer surface, particularly dense and long in basal half of inner surface, and along anterior and posterior margin; uneven on outer surface, more densely spaced in posterior half. Apical dilatation (
<figureCitation id="1323DFAEFFE6FF83FBA1FF2751AD779A" box="[1110,1194,151,175]" captionStart="FIGURES 20 – 29" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1867,1890]" captionTargetBox="[193,1386,220,1808]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[179,1407,193,1846]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 20 – 29. Cacopsylla (Hepatopsylla) chinensis (Yang &amp; Li, 1981), adult. 20. Head, antennae removed; 21. microscopic structure of denoted part of vertex; 22. male terminalia, without distal aedeagus segment; 23. distal aedeagus segment; 24. inner view of paramere; 25. female terminalia, inner valvulae removed; 26. antennal segment X of summer form; 27. antennal segment X of winter form; 28. fore wing of summer form; 29. fore wing of winter form. Scale: for 20, 0.16 mm; for 21, 0.064 mm; for 22, 23 &amp; 25, 0.2 mm; for 24, 26 &amp; 27, 0.32 mm; for 28 &amp; 29, 0.3 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/213979/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="68">Fig. 23</figureCitation>
) of aedeagus spoonshaped, with rounded tip; sclerotised end tube of ductus ejaculatorius near straight. Subgenital plate (
<figureCitation id="1323DFAEFFE6FF83FAFEFF0C505C77E1" box="[1289,1371,188,212]" captionStart="FIGURES 20 – 29" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1867,1890]" captionTargetBox="[193,1386,220,1808]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[179,1407,193,1846]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 20 – 29. Cacopsylla (Hepatopsylla) chinensis (Yang &amp; Li, 1981), adult. 20. Head, antennae removed; 21. microscopic structure of denoted part of vertex; 22. male terminalia, without distal aedeagus segment; 23. distal aedeagus segment; 24. inner view of paramere; 25. female terminalia, inner valvulae removed; 26. antennal segment X of summer form; 27. antennal segment X of winter form; 28. fore wing of summer form; 29. fore wing of winter form. Scale: for 20, 0.16 mm; for 21, 0.064 mm; for 22, 23 &amp; 25, 0.2 mm; for 24, 26 &amp; 27, 0.32 mm; for 28 &amp; 29, 0.3 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/213979/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="68">Fig. 22</figureCitation>
) with several setae that vary in length along dorsal margin, ventral surface evenly covered with short setae.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF6793A3FFE4FF81FF60F8FB514570E9" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/213979/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="66" targetBox="[193,1386,220,1808]" targetPageId="8">
<paragraph id="8BA7C32BFFE4FF81FF60F8FB514570E9" blockId="8.[151,1436,1867,2012]" pageId="8" pageNumber="66">
<emphasis id="B96C1F39FFE4FF81FF60F8FB54527055" bold="true" box="[151,341,1867,1890]" pageId="8" pageNumber="66">FIGURES 20–29</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C18B8A8FFE4FF81FE9DF8FB56D47057" ID-CoL="P64W" authority="Yang &amp; Li, 1981" authorityName="Yang &amp; Li" authorityYear="1981" box="[362,979,1867,1890]" class="Insecta" family="Psyllidae" genus="Cacopsylla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chinensis" subGenus="Hepatopsylla">
<emphasis id="B96C1F39FFE4FF81FE9DF8FB54DB7054" box="[362,476,1867,1889]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="66">Cacopsylla</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B96C1F39FFE4FF81FE04F8FB577D7054" box="[499,634,1867,1889]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="66">Hepatopsylla</emphasis>
) 
<emphasis id="B96C1F39FFE4FF81FD67F8FB57E97054" box="[656,750,1867,1889]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="66">chinensis</emphasis>
(Yang &amp; Li, 1981)
</taxonomicName>
, adult. 
<emphasis id="B96C1F39FFE4FF81FBDAF8FB51417055" bold="true" box="[1069,1094,1867,1888]" pageId="8" pageNumber="66">20</emphasis>
. Head, antennae removed; 
<emphasis id="B96C1F39FFE4FF81FA8BF8FB50927055" bold="true" box="[1404,1429,1867,1888]" pageId="8" pageNumber="66">21</emphasis>
. microscopic structure of denoted part of vertex; 
<emphasis id="B96C1F39FFE4FF81FD60F8DA57B7704A" bold="true" box="[663,688,1898,1919]" pageId="8" pageNumber="66">22</emphasis>
. male terminalia, without distal aedeagus segment; 
<emphasis id="B96C1F39FFE4FF81FB22F8DA51E9704A" bold="true" box="[1237,1262,1898,1919]" pageId="8" pageNumber="66">23</emphasis>
. distal aedeagus segment; 
<emphasis id="B96C1F39FFE4FF81FF0EF839541570AB" bold="true" box="[249,274,1929,1950]" pageId="8" pageNumber="66">24</emphasis>
. inner view of paramere; 
<emphasis id="B96C1F39FFE4FF81FDEFF839573670AB" bold="true" box="[536,561,1929,1950]" pageId="8" pageNumber="66">25</emphasis>
. female terminalia, inner valvulae removed; 
<emphasis id="B96C1F39FFE4FF81FC0DF839511470AB" bold="true" box="[1018,1043,1929,1950]" pageId="8" pageNumber="66">26</emphasis>
. antennal segment X of summer form; 
<emphasis id="B96C1F39FFE4FF81FF60F81855B77088" bold="true" box="[151,176,1960,1981]" pageId="8" pageNumber="66">27</emphasis>
. antennal segment X of winter form; 
<emphasis id="B96C1F39FFE4FF81FDC4F818574B7088" bold="true" box="[563,588,1960,1981]" pageId="8" pageNumber="66">28</emphasis>
. fore wing of summer form; 
<emphasis id="B96C1F39FFE4FF81FC80F81856977088" bold="true" box="[887,912,1960,1981]" pageId="8" pageNumber="66">29</emphasis>
. fore wing of winter form. Scale: for 20, 0.16 mm; for 21, 0.064 mm; for 22, 23 &amp; 25, 0.2 mm; for 24, 26 &amp; 27, 0.32 mm; for 28 &amp; 29, 0.3 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF6793A3FFE5FF80FF60F82054E170D1" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/213980/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="67" targetBox="[183,1387,228,1935]" targetPageId="9">
<paragraph id="8BA7C32BFFE5FF80FF60F82054E170D1" blockId="9.[151,1436,1936,2020]" pageId="9" pageNumber="67">
<emphasis id="B96C1F39FFE5FF80FF60F82054497093" bold="true" box="[151,334,1936,1959]" pageId="9" pageNumber="67">FIGURES 30–32</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C18B8A8FFE5FF80FEAAF82056A57092" ID-CoL="P64W" authority="Yang &amp; Li, 1981" authorityName="Yang &amp; Li" authorityYear="1981" box="[349,930,1936,1959]" class="Insecta" family="Psyllidae" genus="Cacopsylla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chinensis" subGenus="Hepatopsylla">
<emphasis id="B96C1F39FFE5FF80FEAAF82054C87093" box="[349,463,1936,1958]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="67">Cacopsylla</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B96C1F39FFE5FF80FE17F82057607093" box="[480,615,1936,1958]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="67">Hepatopsylla</emphasis>
) 
<emphasis id="B96C1F39FFE5FF80FD8FF82057D17093" box="[632,726,1936,1958]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="67">chinensis</emphasis>
(Yang &amp; Li, 1981)
</taxonomicName>
, nymph. 
<emphasis id="B96C1F39FFE5FF80FBF4F821511B7093" bold="true" box="[1027,1052,1937,1958]" pageId="9" pageNumber="67">30</emphasis>
. Overall view, left half shows dorsal aspect, right half shows ventral aspect; 
<emphasis id="B96C1F39FFE5FF80FDD0F81F574770F1" bold="true" box="[551,576,1967,1988]" pageId="9" pageNumber="67">31</emphasis>
. ventral surface of caudal plate; 
<emphasis id="B96C1F39FFE5FF80FC7AF81F56A170F1" bold="true" box="[909,934,1967,1988]" pageId="9" pageNumber="67">32</emphasis>
. tarsal arolium and claws. Scale: for 17, 0.6 mm; for 18, 0.2 mm; for 19, 0.05 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BA7C32BFFE6FF83FF32FEB457CF76B2" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,2018]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68">
Female terminalia (
<figureCitation id="1323DFAEFFE6FF83FE69FEB454F57629" box="[414,498,260,284]" captionStart="FIGURES 20 – 29" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1867,1890]" captionTargetBox="[193,1386,220,1808]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[179,1407,193,1846]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 20 – 29. Cacopsylla (Hepatopsylla) chinensis (Yang &amp; Li, 1981), adult. 20. Head, antennae removed; 21. microscopic structure of denoted part of vertex; 22. male terminalia, without distal aedeagus segment; 23. distal aedeagus segment; 24. inner view of paramere; 25. female terminalia, inner valvulae removed; 26. antennal segment X of summer form; 27. antennal segment X of winter form; 28. fore wing of summer form; 29. fore wing of winter form. Scale: for 20, 0.16 mm; for 21, 0.064 mm; for 22, 23 &amp; 25, 0.2 mm; for 24, 26 &amp; 27, 0.32 mm; for 28 &amp; 29, 0.3 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/213979/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="68">Fig. 25</figureCitation>
): Proctiger weakly concave dorsally, covered with setae that vary in length; laterally and apex of apical part sparsely covered with peg setae that are relatively long, gradually replaced by normal setae basally. Anus large, nearly half as long as the proctiger longitudinally. Subgenital plate covered with short setae on ventral surface, with several peg setae at subapex.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA7C32BFFE6FF83FF32FE24507E752F" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,2018]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68">
Winter form: Differing from summer form in: Body much larger than summer form. Terminal setae (
<figureCitation id="1323DFAEFFE6FF83FAD2FE2450727699" box="[1317,1397,404,428]" captionStart="FIGURES 20 – 29" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1867,1890]" captionTargetBox="[193,1386,220,1808]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[179,1407,193,1846]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 20 – 29. Cacopsylla (Hepatopsylla) chinensis (Yang &amp; Li, 1981), adult. 20. Head, antennae removed; 21. microscopic structure of denoted part of vertex; 22. male terminalia, without distal aedeagus segment; 23. distal aedeagus segment; 24. inner view of paramere; 25. female terminalia, inner valvulae removed; 26. antennal segment X of summer form; 27. antennal segment X of winter form; 28. fore wing of summer form; 29. fore wing of winter form. Scale: for 20, 0.16 mm; for 21, 0.064 mm; for 22, 23 &amp; 25, 0.2 mm; for 24, 26 &amp; 27, 0.32 mm; for 28 &amp; 29, 0.3 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/213979/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="68">Fig. 27</figureCitation>
) of antenna short, the longer one about 1.5 times long as the shorter one, about half long as antennal segment X. Fore wing (
<figureCitation id="1323DFAEFFE6FF83FF17FE6C543776C1" box="[224,304,476,500]" captionStart="FIGURES 20 – 29" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1867,1890]" captionTargetBox="[193,1386,220,1808]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[179,1407,193,1846]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 20 – 29. Cacopsylla (Hepatopsylla) chinensis (Yang &amp; Li, 1981), adult. 20. Head, antennae removed; 21. microscopic structure of denoted part of vertex; 22. male terminalia, without distal aedeagus segment; 23. distal aedeagus segment; 24. inner view of paramere; 25. female terminalia, inner valvulae removed; 26. antennal segment X of summer form; 27. antennal segment X of winter form; 28. fore wing of summer form; 29. fore wing of winter form. Scale: for 20, 0.16 mm; for 21, 0.064 mm; for 22, 23 &amp; 25, 0.2 mm; for 24, 26 &amp; 27, 0.32 mm; for 28 &amp; 29, 0.3 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/213979/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="68">Fig. 29</figureCitation>
) oblong oval, widest at apical third; 4 obscure radular areas present in cells cu1, m2, m1 and r2 (the one in r2 smaller and variable in size among individuals), surface spinules reduced to small area along claval suture.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA7C32BFFE6FF83FF32FD9A508C7550" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,2018]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68">
<emphasis id="B96C1F39FFE6FF83FF32FD9A54997577" bold="true" box="[197,414,553,578]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68">5th instar nymph.</emphasis>
Coloration: For specimens preserved in absolute ethanol and not dissected. Body general color yellow, sclerites of mature individuals darker. Compound eyes red. Apical 2/3 of antennal segment 7 black.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA7C32BFFE6FF83FF32FDC150327224" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,2018]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68">
Structures: Body oblong oval. Dorsal surface (
<figureCitation id="1323DFAEFFE6FF83FD3DFDC1561C75BC" box="[714,795,625,649]" captionStart="FIGURES 30 – 32" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1936,1959]" captionTargetBox="[183,1387,228,1935]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[181,1405,193,1941]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 30 – 32. Cacopsylla (Hepatopsylla) chinensis (Yang &amp; Li, 1981), nymph. 30. Overall view, left half shows dorsal aspect, right half shows ventral aspect; 31. ventral surface of caudal plate; 32. tarsal arolium and claws. Scale: for 17, 0.6 mm; for 18, 0.2 mm; for 19, 0.05 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/213980/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="68">Fig. 30</figureCitation>
) unevenly covered with capitate setae that vary in length. Ventral surface of abdomen (
<figureCitation id="1323DFAEFFE6FF83FE29FD2557287598" box="[478,559,661,685]" captionStart="FIGURES 30 – 32" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1936,1959]" captionTargetBox="[183,1387,228,1935]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[181,1405,193,1941]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 30 – 32. Cacopsylla (Hepatopsylla) chinensis (Yang &amp; Li, 1981), nymph. 30. Overall view, left half shows dorsal aspect, right half shows ventral aspect; 31. ventral surface of caudal plate; 32. tarsal arolium and claws. Scale: for 17, 0.6 mm; for 18, 0.2 mm; for 19, 0.05 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/213980/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="68">Fig. 30</figureCitation>
) covered with simple setae that are longer laterally. Micro spinules present on both dorsal and ventral surfaces as shown in 
<figureCitation id="1323DFAEFFE6FF83FD62FD0957EF75E4" box="[661,744,697,721]" captionStart="FIGURES 30 – 32" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1936,1959]" captionTargetBox="[183,1387,228,1935]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[181,1405,193,1941]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 30 – 32. Cacopsylla (Hepatopsylla) chinensis (Yang &amp; Li, 1981), nymph. 30. Overall view, left half shows dorsal aspect, right half shows ventral aspect; 31. ventral surface of caudal plate; 32. tarsal arolium and claws. Scale: for 17, 0.6 mm; for 18, 0.2 mm; for 19, 0.05 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/213980/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="68">Fig. 30</figureCitation>
; on dorsal surface short, lamellar and multicuspid; on ventral surface long, spinous and unicuspid. Ocular seta (
<figureCitation id="1323DFAEFFE6FF83FD25FD6D562275C0" box="[722,805,733,757]" captionStart="FIGURES 30 – 32" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1936,1959]" captionTargetBox="[183,1387,228,1935]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[181,1405,193,1941]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 30 – 32. Cacopsylla (Hepatopsylla) chinensis (Yang &amp; Li, 1981), nymph. 30. Overall view, left half shows dorsal aspect, right half shows ventral aspect; 31. ventral surface of caudal plate; 32. tarsal arolium and claws. Scale: for 17, 0.6 mm; for 18, 0.2 mm; for 19, 0.05 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/213980/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="68">Fig. 30</figureCitation>
) capitate and relatively long. A long capitate seta (
<figureCitation id="1323DFAEFFE6FF83FA99FD6D55B1742C" captionStart="FIGURES 30 – 32" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1936,1959]" captionTargetBox="[183,1387,228,1935]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[181,1405,193,1941]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 30 – 32. Cacopsylla (Hepatopsylla) chinensis (Yang &amp; Li, 1981), nymph. 30. Overall view, left half shows dorsal aspect, right half shows ventral aspect; 31. ventral surface of caudal plate; 32. tarsal arolium and claws. Scale: for 17, 0.6 mm; for 18, 0.2 mm; for 19, 0.05 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/213980/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="68">Fig. 30</figureCitation>
) present behind compound eye near body margin on dorsal surface. Antenna (
<figureCitation id="1323DFAEFFE6FF83FBB7FCB15193742C" box="[1088,1172,769,793]" captionStart="FIGURES 30 – 32" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1936,1959]" captionTargetBox="[183,1387,228,1935]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[181,1405,193,1941]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 30 – 32. Cacopsylla (Hepatopsylla) chinensis (Yang &amp; Li, 1981), nymph. 30. Overall view, left half shows dorsal aspect, right half shows ventral aspect; 31. ventral surface of caudal plate; 32. tarsal arolium and claws. Scale: for 17, 0.6 mm; for 18, 0.2 mm; for 19, 0.05 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/213980/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="68">Fig. 30</figureCitation>
) slender, 7-segmented, apices of segments 3 and 5 each with a rhinarium, two rhinaria on segment 7. Four pairs of capitate setae present on head anterior margin and submargin (
<figureCitation id="1323DFAEFFE6FF83FDAFFCF957B67454" box="[600,689,841,865]" captionStart="FIGURES 30 – 32" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1936,1959]" captionTargetBox="[183,1387,228,1935]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[181,1405,193,1941]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 30 – 32. Cacopsylla (Hepatopsylla) chinensis (Yang &amp; Li, 1981), nymph. 30. Overall view, left half shows dorsal aspect, right half shows ventral aspect; 31. ventral surface of caudal plate; 32. tarsal arolium and claws. Scale: for 17, 0.6 mm; for 18, 0.2 mm; for 19, 0.05 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/213980/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="68">Fig. 30</figureCitation>
). A sclerite with a spiracle present on ventral surface between praecoxa and mesocoxa, and a sclerite with a spiracle present on ventral surface between mesocoxa and metacoxa (
<figureCitation id="1323DFAEFFE6FF83FF56FC2155F0749C" box="[161,247,913,937]" captionStart="FIGURES 30 – 32" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1936,1959]" captionTargetBox="[183,1387,228,1935]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[181,1405,193,1941]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 30 – 32. Cacopsylla (Hepatopsylla) chinensis (Yang &amp; Li, 1981), nymph. 30. Overall view, left half shows dorsal aspect, right half shows ventral aspect; 31. ventral surface of caudal plate; 32. tarsal arolium and claws. Scale: for 17, 0.6 mm; for 18, 0.2 mm; for 19, 0.05 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/213980/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="68">Fig. 30</figureCitation>
). Fore wing pad with a row of 9–11 capitate setae that vary in length along outer margin, hind wing pad with two capitate setae at distal angle (
<figureCitation id="1323DFAEFFE6FF83FD95FC0557BD74F8" box="[610,698,949,973]" captionStart="FIGURES 30 – 32" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1936,1959]" captionTargetBox="[183,1387,228,1935]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[181,1405,193,1941]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 30 – 32. Cacopsylla (Hepatopsylla) chinensis (Yang &amp; Li, 1981), nymph. 30. Overall view, left half shows dorsal aspect, right half shows ventral aspect; 31. ventral surface of caudal plate; 32. tarsal arolium and claws. Scale: for 17, 0.6 mm; for 18, 0.2 mm; for 19, 0.05 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/213980/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="68">Fig. 30</figureCitation>
). Dorsal surface of mesotibia with 2 long capitate setae; dorsal surface of metatibia with 1 long and 1 short capitate setae (
<figureCitation id="1323DFAEFFE6FF83FCBDFC6956A674C4" box="[842,929,985,1009]" captionStart="FIGURES 30 – 32" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1936,1959]" captionTargetBox="[183,1387,228,1935]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[181,1405,193,1941]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 30 – 32. Cacopsylla (Hepatopsylla) chinensis (Yang &amp; Li, 1981), nymph. 30. Overall view, left half shows dorsal aspect, right half shows ventral aspect; 31. ventral surface of caudal plate; 32. tarsal arolium and claws. Scale: for 17, 0.6 mm; for 18, 0.2 mm; for 19, 0.05 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/213980/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="68">Fig. 30</figureCitation>
). Tarsal arolium (
<figureCitation id="1323DFAEFFE6FF83FB9AFC6951C674C4" box="[1133,1217,985,1009]" captionStart="FIGURES 30 – 32" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1936,1959]" captionTargetBox="[183,1387,228,1935]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[181,1405,193,1941]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 30 – 32. Cacopsylla (Hepatopsylla) chinensis (Yang &amp; Li, 1981), nymph. 30. Overall view, left half shows dorsal aspect, right half shows ventral aspect; 31. ventral surface of caudal plate; 32. tarsal arolium and claws. Scale: for 17, 0.6 mm; for 18, 0.2 mm; for 19, 0.05 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/213980/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="68">Fig. 32</figureCitation>
) petiolate and fanshaped, relatively wide apically. 2+2 lateral free sclerites (
<figureCitation id="1323DFAEFFE6FF83FCBEFC4D56987320" box="[841,927,1021,1045]" captionStart="FIGURES 30 – 32" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1936,1959]" captionTargetBox="[183,1387,228,1935]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[181,1405,193,1941]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 30 – 32. Cacopsylla (Hepatopsylla) chinensis (Yang &amp; Li, 1981), nymph. 30. Overall view, left half shows dorsal aspect, right half shows ventral aspect; 31. ventral surface of caudal plate; 32. tarsal arolium and claws. Scale: for 17, 0.6 mm; for 18, 0.2 mm; for 19, 0.05 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/213980/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="68">Fig. 30</figureCitation>
) bearing a spiracle each present on ventral surface of abdomen. Caudal plate (
<figureCitation id="1323DFAEFFE6FF83FDDCFB915779730C" box="[555,638,1057,1081]" captionStart="FIGURES 30 – 32" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1936,1959]" captionTargetBox="[183,1387,228,1935]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[181,1405,193,1941]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 30 – 32. Cacopsylla (Hepatopsylla) chinensis (Yang &amp; Li, 1981), nymph. 30. Overall view, left half shows dorsal aspect, right half shows ventral aspect; 31. ventral surface of caudal plate; 32. tarsal arolium and claws. Scale: for 17, 0.6 mm; for 18, 0.2 mm; for 19, 0.05 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/213980/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="68">Fig. 31</figureCitation>
) relatively large, with a pair of spiracle on either side of circum-anal ring. Outer circum-anal ring (
<figureCitation id="1323DFAEFFE6FF83FE15FBF557347368" box="[482,563,1093,1117]" captionStart="FIGURES 30 – 32" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1936,1959]" captionTargetBox="[183,1387,228,1935]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[181,1405,193,1941]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 30 – 32. Cacopsylla (Hepatopsylla) chinensis (Yang &amp; Li, 1981), nymph. 30. Overall view, left half shows dorsal aspect, right half shows ventral aspect; 31. ventral surface of caudal plate; 32. tarsal arolium and claws. Scale: for 17, 0.6 mm; for 18, 0.2 mm; for 19, 0.05 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/213980/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="68">Fig. 31</figureCitation>
) oval, with anterior margin strongly concave, posterior margin almost straight and lateral margins convex. Inner circum-anal ring (
<figureCitation id="1323DFAEFFE6FF83FD14FBD9563273B4" box="[739,821,1129,1153]" captionStart="FIGURES 30 – 32" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1936,1959]" captionTargetBox="[183,1387,228,1935]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[181,1405,193,1941]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 30 – 32. Cacopsylla (Hepatopsylla) chinensis (Yang &amp; Li, 1981), nymph. 30. Overall view, left half shows dorsal aspect, right half shows ventral aspect; 31. ventral surface of caudal plate; 32. tarsal arolium and claws. Scale: for 17, 0.6 mm; for 18, 0.2 mm; for 19, 0.05 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/213980/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="68">Fig. 31</figureCitation>
) more or less subparallel to outer, with lateral margins more evenly curved. Ventral surface of caudal plate (
<figureCitation id="1323DFAEFFE6FF83FD1BFB3D56397390" box="[748,830,1165,1189]" captionStart="FIGURES 30 – 32" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1936,1959]" captionTargetBox="[183,1387,228,1935]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[181,1405,193,1941]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 30 – 32. Cacopsylla (Hepatopsylla) chinensis (Yang &amp; Li, 1981), nymph. 30. Overall view, left half shows dorsal aspect, right half shows ventral aspect; 31. ventral surface of caudal plate; 32. tarsal arolium and claws. Scale: for 17, 0.6 mm; for 18, 0.2 mm; for 19, 0.05 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/213980/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="68">Fig. 31</figureCitation>
) with 2+2 simple setae right anterior to outer circumanal ring, 2 simple setae within the suture, a hemicycle row of simple setae from around the spiracles to anterior of anal suture, a series of simple setae near anterior margin and a series of simple setae near posterior margin. Abdominal margin (
<figureCitation id="1323DFAEFFE6FF83FE8BFB4954CA7224" box="[380,461,1273,1297]" captionStart="FIGURES 30 – 32" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1936,1959]" captionTargetBox="[183,1387,228,1935]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[181,1405,193,1941]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 30 – 32. Cacopsylla (Hepatopsylla) chinensis (Yang &amp; Li, 1981), nymph. 30. Overall view, left half shows dorsal aspect, right half shows ventral aspect; 31. ventral surface of caudal plate; 32. tarsal arolium and claws. Scale: for 17, 0.6 mm; for 18, 0.2 mm; for 19, 0.05 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/213980/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="68">Fig. 30</figureCitation>
) bearing 7 pairs of long and 3 pairs of short capitate setae, lacking sectasetae.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30290A0FFE6FF82FF32FAAD549A756A" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="69" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BA7C32BFFE6FF83FF32FAAD502E7200" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,2018]" box="[197,1321,1309,1334]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68">
<emphasis id="B96C1F39FFE6FF83FF32FAAD54A97203" bold="true" box="[197,430,1309,1334]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68">Material examined.</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="54A37D89FFE6FF83FE42FAAD57257200" box="[437,546,1309,1333]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
: male, dry mounted, 
<emphasis id="B96C1F39FFE6FF83FCFAFAAD56C77203" bold="true" box="[781,960,1309,1334]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68">
<collectingCountry id="F30F83BBFFE6FF83FCFAFAAD565F7203" box="[781,856,1309,1334]" name="China" pageId="10" pageNumber="68">China</collectingCountry>
, Beijing,
</emphasis>
Xiyuan, 
<date id="FFA6E5EBFFE6FF83FBDFFAAD519F7200" box="[1064,1176,1309,1333]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" value="1965-05-23">23.v.1965</date>
, Li Fasheng.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA7C32BFFE6FF83FF32FAF2564A7160" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,2018]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68">
<typeStatus id="54A37D89FFE6FF83FF32FAF25430726F" box="[197,311,1346,1370]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
: 
<emphasis id="B96C1F39FFE6FF83FEB7FAF154F4726F" bold="true" box="[320,499,1345,1370]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68">
<collectingCountry id="F30F83BBFFE6FF83FEB7FAF1548C726F" box="[320,395,1345,1370]" name="China" pageId="10" pageNumber="68">China</collectingCountry>
, Beijing,
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="9D1E08A2FFE6FF83FE0DFAF15740726C" box="[506,583,1345,1369]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" type="male">8 male</specimenCount>
, 
<specimenCount id="9D1E08A2FFE6FF83FDA4FAF157B1726C" box="[595,694,1345,1369]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" type="female">6 female</specimenCount>
, Bei’anhe, 
<date id="FFA6E5EBFFE6FF83FCC3FAF156A2726C" box="[820,933,1345,1369]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" value="1965-05-24">24.v.1965</date>
, Li Fasheng; 
<specimenCount id="9D1E08A2FFE6FF83FBCDFAF15191726C" box="[1082,1174,1345,1369]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" type="male">10 male</specimenCount>
, 
<specimenCount id="9D1E08A2FFE6FF83FB56FAF15003726C" box="[1185,1284,1345,1369]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" type="female">8 female</specimenCount>
, same data as the 
<typeStatus id="54A37D89FFE6FF83FF32FAD5542D7248" box="[197,298,1381,1405]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
; 
<specimenCount id="9D1E08A2FFE6FF83FECEFAD5548C7248" box="[313,395,1381,1405]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
, Beijing Agricultural University, 
<date id="FFA6E5EBFFE6FF83FCE7FAD5568F7248" box="[784,904,1381,1405]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" value="1955-04-23">23.iv.1955</date>
, Yang Chikun; 
<specimenCount id="9D1E08A2FFE6FF83FBB7FAD551AF7248" box="[1088,1192,1381,1405]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" type="female">4 female</specimenCount>
, Beijing Agricultural University, 
<date id="FFA6E5EBFFE6FF83FEEBFA39548A7294" box="[284,397,1417,1441]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" value="1965-05-23">23.v.1965</date>
, Li Fasheng with light trap; 
<specimenCount id="9D1E08A2FFE6FF83FD24FA3956257294" box="[723,802,1417,1441]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
, 
<specimenCount id="9D1E08A2FFE6FF83FCD8FA3956927294" box="[815,917,1417,1441]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
, Baijiatong, 
<date id="FFA6E5EBFFE6FF83FBD1FA3951907294" box="[1062,1175,1417,1441]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" value="1964-05-12">12.v.1964</date>
, Li Fasheng; 
<specimenCount id="9D1E08A2FFE6FF83FAC5FA39509F7294" box="[1330,1432,1417,1441]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" type="female">3 female</specimenCount>
, Beijing Agricultural University, 
<date id="FFA6E5EBFFE6FF83FDF9FA1D577D72F0" box="[526,634,1453,1477]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" value="1974-06-07">7.vi.1974</date>
, Yang Chikun; 
<specimenCount id="9D1E08A2FFE6FF83FCC6FA1D569E72F0" box="[817,921,1453,1477]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
, Mentougou, 
<date id="FFA6E5EBFFE6FF83FBCEFA1D51A272F0" box="[1081,1189,1453,1477]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" value="1960-06-06">6.vi.1960</date>
, Li Fasheng; 
<specimenCount id="9D1E08A2FFE6FF83FAB0FA1D509F72F0" box="[1351,1432,1453,1477]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
, Beijing Agricultural University, 
<date id="FFA6E5EBFFE6FF83FDE3FA61579772DC" box="[532,656,1489,1513]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" value="1975-03-15">15.iii.1975</date>
, 
<specimenCount id="9D1E08A2FFE6FF83FD57FA6157F472DC" box="[672,755,1489,1513]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
, Beijing Agricultural University, winter form, 
<date id="FFA6E5EBFFE6FF83FAEBFA61509072DC" box="[1308,1431,1489,1513]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" value="1975-03-13">13.iii.1975</date>
, Yang Chikun; 
<specimenCount id="9D1E08A2FFE6FF83FEC8FA4554977138" box="[319,400,1525,1549]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" type="male">2 male</specimenCount>
, 
<specimenCount id="9D1E08A2FFE6FF83FE6AFA4657037138" box="[413,516,1525,1549]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" type="female">7 female</specimenCount>
, Baijiatong, winter form, 
<date id="FFA6E5EBFFE6FF83FCD9FA4556B77138" box="[814,944,1525,1549]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" value="1965-04-08">1965–IV–8</date>
, Li Fasheng; 
<specimenCount id="9D1E08A2FFE6FF83FBB9FA4551987138" box="[1102,1183,1525,1549]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" type="male">5 male</specimenCount>
, 
<specimenCount id="9D1E08A2FFE6FF83FB5AFA4550147138" box="[1197,1299,1525,1549]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" type="female">8 female</specimenCount>
, Baijiatong, winter form, 
<date id="FFA6E5EBFFE6FF83FEDCF9A954927104" box="[299,405,1561,1585]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" value="1966-04-08">8.iv.1966</date>
, Li Fasheng; 
<specimenCount id="9D1E08A2FFE6FF83FDDBF9A957887104" box="[556,655,1561,1585]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
, Mentougou, 
<date id="FFA6E5EBFFE6FF83FCDEF9A9568B7104" box="[809,908,1561,1585]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" value="1960-05-07">7.v.1960</date>
, 
<specimenCount id="9D1E08A2FFE6FF83FC60F9A956FD7104" box="[919,1018,1561,1585]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
, Mentougou, 
<date id="FFA6E5EBFFE6FF83FB63F9A9500B7104" box="[1172,1292,1561,1585]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" value="1960-04-13">13.iv.1960</date>
, Li Fasheng; 
<specimenCount id="9D1E08A2FFE6FF83FF6EF98D55FA7160" box="[153,253,1597,1621]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" type="female">2 female</specimenCount>
, Beijing Agricultural University, 
<date id="FFA6E5EBFFE6FF83FD83F98D57CA7160" box="[628,717,1597,1621]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" value="1974-03">iii.1974</date>
, Yang Wei.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA7C32BFFE6FF82FF32F9D1570876C1" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,2018]" lastBlockId="11.[153,1436,151,1112]" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="69" pageId="10" pageNumber="68">
Non-paratypic specimens: 
<emphasis id="B96C1F39FFE6FF83FE05F9D15792714F" bold="true" box="[498,661,1633,1658]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68">
<collectingCountry id="F30F83BBFFE6FF83FE05F9D1573A714F" box="[498,573,1633,1658]" name="China" pageId="10" pageNumber="68">China</collectingCountry>
, Jinlin,
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="9D1E08A2FFE6FF83FD6AF9D157FD714C" box="[669,762,1633,1657]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" type="male">10 male</specimenCount>
, 
<specimenCount id="9D1E08A2FFE6FF83FCF1F9D1567E714C" box="[774,889,1633,1657]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" type="female">18 female</specimenCount>
, Ji’an, 
<quantity id="4CE06ECEFFE6FF83FC3DF9D1510B714C" box="[970,1036,1633,1657]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" unit="m" value="150.0">150m</quantity>
, 
<date id="FFA6E5EBFFE6FF83FBEFF9D151A6714C" box="[1048,1185,1633,1657]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" value="1983-08-11">11.viii.1983</date>
, Li Fasheng; 
<specimenCount id="9D1E08A2FFE6FF83FACCF9D1509F714C" box="[1339,1432,1633,1657]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" type="male">15 male</specimenCount>
, 
<specimenCount id="9D1E08A2FFE6FF83FF6EF935540C71A8" box="[153,267,1669,1693]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" type="female">18 female</specimenCount>
, Liudaogou, Hunjiang, 
<quantity id="4CE06ECEFFE6FF83FDE5F935575271A8" box="[530,597,1669,1693]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.4" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" unit="m" value="840.0">840m</quantity>
, 
<date id="FFA6E5EBFFE6FF83FD97F93557DB71A8" box="[608,732,1669,1693]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" value="1983-08-04">4.viii.1983</date>
, Li Fasheng; 
<specimenCount id="9D1E08A2FFE6FF83FC85F93556B871A8" box="[882,959,1669,1693]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" type="male">2 male</specimenCount>
, 
<specimenCount id="9D1E08A2FFE6FF83FC3CF935512971A8" box="[971,1070,1669,1693]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" type="female">5 female</specimenCount>
, Tonghua, 
<quantity id="4CE06ECEFFE6FF83FB5EF93551EC71A8" box="[1193,1259,1669,1693]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" unit="m" value="450.0">450m</quantity>
, 
<date id="FFA6E5EBFFE6FF83FB01F935507F71A8" box="[1270,1400,1669,1693]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" value="1983-07-31">31.vii.1983</date>
, Li Fasheng; 
<specimenCount id="9D1E08A2FFE6FF83FEF0F919545171F4" box="[263,342,1705,1729]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" type="male">2 male</specimenCount>
, 
<specimenCount id="9D1E08A2FFE6FF83FE93F91954CD71F4" box="[356,458,1705,1729]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" type="female">2 female</specimenCount>
, Antu, 
<quantity id="4CE06ECEFFE6FF83FDE9F919576671F4" box="[542,609,1705,1729]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" unit="m" value="700.0">700m</quantity>
, 
<date id="FFA6E5EBFFE6FF83FD99F91957E571F4" box="[622,738,1705,1729]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" value="1993-07-07">7.vii.1993</date>
, Li Fasheng. 
<emphasis id="B96C1F39FFE6FF83FC89F91956F771F7" bold="true" box="[894,1008,1705,1730]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68">Liaoning,</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="9D1E08A2FFE6FF83FC0EF919515871F4" box="[1017,1119,1705,1729]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" type="female">3 female</specimenCount>
, Xingcheng, 
<quantity id="4CE06ECEFFE6FF83FB00F919503E71F4" box="[1271,1337,1705,1729]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.8" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" unit="m" value="780.0">780m</quantity>
, without date and collector. 
<emphasis id="B96C1F39FFE6FF83FE87F97D54CB71D3" bold="true" box="[368,460,1741,1766]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68">Beijing,</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="9D1E08A2FFE6FF83FE23F97D573571D0" box="[468,562,1741,1765]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" type="male">20 male</specimenCount>
, 
<specimenCount id="9D1E08A2FFE6FF83FDC9F97D57B671D0" box="[574,689,1741,1765]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" type="female">17 female</specimenCount>
, Changping, Heishanzhai, 
<date id="FFA6E5EBFFE6FF83FC16F97D514A71D0" box="[993,1101,1741,1765]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" value="2010-09-02">2.ix.2010</date>
, Luo Xinyu. 
<emphasis id="B96C1F39FFE6FF83FB13F97D507071D3" bold="true" box="[1252,1399,1741,1766]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68">Nei Mongol,</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="9D1E08A2FFE6FF83FA77F97D55D5703C" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" type="male">15 male</specimenCount>
, 
<specimenCount id="9D1E08A2FFE6FF83FF14F941545B703C" box="[227,348,1777,1801]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" type="female">16 female</specimenCount>
, Hohhot, 
<date id="FFA6E5EBFFE6FF83FE21F941575F703C" box="[470,600,1777,1801]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" value="1978-07-28">28.vii.1978</date>
, Yang Chikun. 
<emphasis id="B96C1F39FFE6FF83FCEFF9415663703F" bold="true" box="[792,868,1777,1802]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68">Hebei,</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="9D1E08A2FFE6FF83FC84F94156D2703C" box="[883,981,1777,1801]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" type="male">29 male</specimenCount>
, 
<specimenCount id="9D1E08A2FFE6FF83FC10F9415158703C" box="[999,1119,1777,1801]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" type="female">38 female</specimenCount>
, Zhuoxian, 
<date id="FFA6E5EBFFE6FF83FB06F9415076703C" box="[1265,1393,1777,1801]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" value="1965" valueMax="1966">1965–1966</date>
, Li Fasheng, Yang Chikun &amp; Wu Weijun; 
<specimenCount id="9D1E08A2FFE6FF83FD74F8A557F67018" box="[643,753,1813,1837]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
, Jinxian, 
<date id="FFA6E5EBFFE6FF83FC98F8A556D87018" box="[879,991,1813,1837]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" value="1976-05-10">10.v.1976</date>
, Hu Dunxiao; 
<specimenCount id="9D1E08A2FFE6FF83FB56F8A550007018" box="[1185,1287,1813,1837]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" type="male">32 male</specimenCount>
, 
<specimenCount id="9D1E08A2FFE6FF83FAEBF8A5509F7018" box="[1308,1432,1813,1837]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" type="female">39 female</specimenCount>
, Guangtoushan, Pingquan, 
<quantity id="4CE06ECEFFE6FF83FE35F889571D7064" box="[450,538,1849,1873]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" unit="m" value="1200.0">1200 m</quantity>
, 
<date id="FFA6E5EBFFE6FF83FDD0F889579C7064" box="[551,667,1849,1873]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" value="1986-07-03">3.vii.1986</date>
, Li Fasheng. 
<emphasis id="B96C1F39FFE6FF83FCC3F88956897067" bold="true" box="[820,910,1849,1874]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68">Shanxi,</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="9D1E08A2FFE6FF83FC61F88A56E27064" box="[918,997,1849,1873]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" type="male">7 male</specimenCount>
, 
<specimenCount id="9D1E08A2FFE6FF83FC06F88951637064" box="[1009,1124,1849,1873]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" type="female">12 female</specimenCount>
, Taigu, 
<quantity id="4CE06ECEFFE6FF83FB49F889500F7064" box="[1214,1288,1849,1873]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" unit="m" value="800.0">800 m</quantity>
, 
<date id="FFA6E5EBFFE6FF83FAE2F88950907064" box="[1301,1431,1849,1873]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" value="1981-07-30">30.vii.1981</date>
, Li Fasheng; 
<specimenCount id="9D1E08A2FFE6FF83FEDEF8ED547E7040" box="[297,377,1885,1909]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
, 
<specimenCount id="9D1E08A2FFE6FF83FE71F8ED54EB7040" box="[390,492,1885,1909]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" type="female">5 female</specimenCount>
, Xuegongling, Lishi, 
<quantity id="4CE06ECEFFE6FF83FD13F8ED563A7040" box="[740,829,1885,1909]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" unit="m" value="1700.0">1700 m</quantity>
, 
<date id="FFA6E5EBFFE6FF83FCBCF8ED56C07040" box="[843,967,1885,1909]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" value="1981-08-05">5.viii.1981</date>
, Li Fasheng; 
<specimenCount id="9D1E08A2FFE6FF83FB93F8ED51B37040" box="[1124,1204,1885,1909]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" type="male">2 male</specimenCount>
, 
<specimenCount id="9D1E08A2FFE6FF83FB35F8ED50207040" box="[1218,1319,1885,1909]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
, Fenyang, 
<date id="FFA6E5EBFFE6FF83FF6EF831541270AC" box="[153,277,1921,1945]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" value="1981-08-06">6.viii.1981</date>
, Yang Chikun; 
<specimenCount id="9D1E08A2FFE6FF83FE37F831572370AC" box="[448,548,1921,1945]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" type="female">2 female</specimenCount>
, Zhongtiaoshan, Qinshui, 
<quantity id="4CE06ECEFFE6FF83FCBFF831569970AC" box="[840,926,1921,1945]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" unit="m" value="1500.0">1500 m</quantity>
, 
<date id="FFA6E5EBFFE6FF83FC5EF831513470AC" box="[937,1075,1921,1945]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" value="1981-08-14">14.viii.1981</date>
, Li Fasheng. 
<emphasis id="B96C1F39FFE6FF83FB3FF831502870AF" bold="true" box="[1224,1327,1921,1946]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68">Shaanxi,</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="9D1E08A2FFE6FF83FAC1F831508470AC" box="[1334,1411,1921,1945]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" type="male">4 male</specimenCount>
, 
<specimenCount id="9D1E08A2FFE6FF83FA79F83155EF7088" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" type="female">3 female</specimenCount>
, Wugong, 
<date id="FFA6E5EBFFE6FF83FE91F81554F77088" box="[358,496,1957,1981]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" value="1962-08-10">10.viii.1962</date>
, Li Fasheng &amp; Yang Chikun; 
<specimenCount id="9D1E08A2FFE6FF83FCA7F81556A67088" box="[848,929,1957,1981]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" type="male">4 male</specimenCount>
, 
<specimenCount id="9D1E08A2FFE6FF83FC47F81551107088" box="[944,1047,1957,1981]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" type="female">9 female</specimenCount>
, Zhenba, 
<quantity id="4CE06ECEFFE6FF83FB7DF81551E37088" box="[1162,1252,1957,1981]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" unit="m" value="1200.0">1200 m</quantity>
, 
<date id="FFA6E5EBFFE6FF83FB04F81550737088" box="[1267,1396,1957,1981]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" value="1985-07-20">20.vii.1985</date>
, Li Fasheng; 
<specimenCount id="9D1E08A2FFE6FF83FEF3F879545570D4" box="[260,338,1993,2017]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" type="male">9 male</specimenCount>
, 
<specimenCount id="9D1E08A2FFE6FF83FEABF87954C970D4" box="[348,462,1993,2017]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" type="female">15 female</specimenCount>
, Foping, 
<quantity id="4CE06ECEFFE6FF83FDC2F879578C70D4" box="[565,651,1993,2017]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" unit="m" value="1200.0">1200 m</quantity>
, 
<date id="FFA6E5EBFFE6FF83FD61F879561F70D4" box="[662,792,1993,2017]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" value="1985-07-17">17.vii.1985</date>
, Li Fasheng. 
<emphasis id="B96C1F39FFE6FF83FC5AF879511670D7" bold="true" box="[941,1041,1993,2018]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68">Ningxia,</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="9D1E08A2FFE6FF83FBEFF879516270D4" box="[1048,1125,1993,2017]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" type="male">2 male</specimenCount>
, 
<specimenCount id="9D1E08A2FFE6FF83FB87F87951D470D4" box="[1136,1235,1993,2017]" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" type="female">2 female</specimenCount>
, Lingwu, 
<quantity id="4CE06ECEFFE6FF83FAB5F879509070D4" box="[1346,1431,1993,2017]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="10" pageNumber="68" unit="m" value="1100.0">1100 m</quantity>
, 
<date id="FFA6E5EBFFE7FF82FF6EFF275403779A" box="[153,260,151,175]" pageId="11" pageNumber="69" value="1962-06-01">1.vi.1962</date>
, Gao Zhaoning; 
<specimenCount id="9D1E08A2FFE7FF82FE26FF275735779A" box="[465,562,151,175]" pageId="11" pageNumber="69" type="male">27 male</specimenCount>
, 
<specimenCount id="9D1E08A2FFE7FF82FDB4FF2757BC779A" box="[579,699,151,175]" pageId="11" pageNumber="69" type="female">39 female</specimenCount>
, Luhuatai, Yinchuan, 
<quantity id="4CE06ECEFFE7FF82FC36FF27511D779A" box="[961,1050,151,175]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.111" pageId="11" pageNumber="69" unit="m" value="1111.0">1111 m</quantity>
, 
<date id="FFA6E5EBFFE7FF82FBDBFF275198779A" box="[1068,1183,151,175]" pageId="11" pageNumber="69" value="1980-07-01">1.vii.1980</date>
, Li Fasheng &amp; Yang Chikun; 
<specimenCount id="9D1E08A2FFE7FF82FF09FF0C545977E1" box="[254,350,188,212]" pageId="11" pageNumber="69" type="male">41 male</specimenCount>
, 
<specimenCount id="9D1E08A2FFE7FF82FE99FF0C54E277E1" box="[366,485,188,212]" pageId="11" pageNumber="69" type="female">57 female</specimenCount>
, Longde, 
<quantity id="4CE06ECEFFE7FF82FDABFF0C57B077E1" box="[604,695,188,212]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="11" pageNumber="69" unit="m" value="2300.0">2300 m</quantity>
, 
<date id="FFA6E5EBFFE7FF82FD30FF0C564E77E1" box="[711,841,188,212]" pageId="11" pageNumber="69" value="1980-07-17">17.vii.1980</date>
, Li Fasheng &amp; Yang Chikun. 
<emphasis id="B96C1F39FFE7FF82FB47FF0B500277E1" bold="true" box="[1200,1285,187,212]" pageId="11" pageNumber="69">Gansu,</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="9D1E08A2FFE7FF82FAE7FF0C507777E1" box="[1296,1392,188,212]" pageId="11" pageNumber="69" type="male">14 male</specimenCount>
, 
<specimenCount id="9D1E08A2FFE7FF82FA77FF0C55EF77C2" pageId="11" pageNumber="69" type="female">22 female</specimenCount>
, Yuzhong, 
<quantity id="4CE06ECEFFE7FF82FE86FF6F54C977C2" box="[369,462,223,247]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="69" unit="m" value="2000.0">2000 m</quantity>
, 
<date id="FFA6E5EBFFE7FF82FE17FF6F576D77C2" box="[480,618,223,247]" pageId="11" pageNumber="69" value="1980-08-20">20.viii.1980</date>
, Li Fasheng &amp; Yang Chikun; 
<specimenCount id="9D1E08A2FFE7FF82FC28FF6F514677C2" box="[991,1089,223,247]" pageId="11" pageNumber="69" type="male">50 male</specimenCount>
, 
<specimenCount id="9D1E08A2FFE7FF82FBA5FF6F51CC77C2" box="[1106,1227,223,247]" pageId="11" pageNumber="69" type="female">31 female</specimenCount>
, Linxia, 
<quantity id="4CE06ECEFFE7FF82FACDFF6F509077C2" box="[1338,1431,223,247]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="11" pageNumber="69" unit="m" value="1900.0">1900 m</quantity>
, 
<date id="FFA6E5EBFFE7FF82FF6EFEB454257629" box="[153,290,260,284]" pageId="11" pageNumber="69" value="1980-08-18">18.viii.1980</date>
, Li Fasheng &amp; Yang Chikun; 
<specimenCount id="9D1E08A2FFE7FF82FD98FEB457CC7629" box="[623,715,260,284]" pageId="11" pageNumber="69" type="male">10 male</specimenCount>
, 
<specimenCount id="9D1E08A2FFE7FF82FD22FEB456407629" box="[725,839,260,284]" pageId="11" pageNumber="69" type="female">17 female</specimenCount>
, Ciwang, Linxia, 
<date id="FFA6E5EBFFE7FF82FBF9FEB451907629" box="[1038,1175,260,284]" pageId="11" pageNumber="69" value="2000-08-20">20.viii.2000</date>
, Han Shuqin; 
<specimenCount id="9D1E08A2FFE7FF82FAC2FEB450847629" box="[1333,1411,260,284]" pageId="11" pageNumber="69" type="male">9 male</specimenCount>
, 
<specimenCount id="9D1E08A2FFE7FF82FA79FEB455EF760A" pageId="11" pageNumber="69" type="female">9 female</specimenCount>
, Wenxian, 
<quantity id="4CE06ECEFFE7FF82FE94FE9754AB760A" box="[355,428,295,319]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="69" unit="m" value="800.0">800 m</quantity>
, 
<date id="FFA6E5EBFFE7FF82FE40FE975734760A" box="[439,563,295,319]" pageId="11" pageNumber="69" value="1980-08-06">6.viii.1980</date>
, Li Fasheng; 
<specimenCount id="9D1E08A2FFE7FF82FD3DFE975621760A" box="[714,806,295,319]" pageId="11" pageNumber="69" type="male">23 male</specimenCount>
, 
<specimenCount id="9D1E08A2FFE7FF82FCC6FE9756A5760A" box="[817,930,295,319]" pageId="11" pageNumber="69" type="female">26 female</specimenCount>
, Dangxian, 
<quantity id="4CE06ECEFFE7FF82FBDFFE975178760A" box="[1064,1151,295,319]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.73" pageId="11" pageNumber="69" unit="m" value="1730.0">1730 m</quantity>
, 
<date id="FFA6E5EBFFE7FF82FB7DFE975013760A" box="[1162,1300,295,319]" pageId="11" pageNumber="69" value="1980-08-10">10.viii.1980</date>
, Li Fasheng &amp; Yang Chikun; 
<specimenCount id="9D1E08A2FFE7FF82FEACFEFC54AD7651" box="[347,426,332,356]" pageId="11" pageNumber="69" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
, 
<specimenCount id="9D1E08A2FFE7FF82FE40FEFC571B7651" box="[439,540,332,356]" pageId="11" pageNumber="69" type="female">9 female</specimenCount>
, Lanzhou, 
<quantity id="4CE06ECEFFE7FF82FD6DFEFC57F57651" box="[666,754,332,356]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="11" pageNumber="69" unit="m" value="1500.0">1500 m</quantity>
, 
<date id="FFA6E5EBFFE7FF82FD08FEFC568E7651" box="[767,905,332,356]" pageId="11" pageNumber="69" value="1980-08-19">19.viii.1980</date>
, Li Fasheng; 
<specimenCount id="9D1E08A2FFE7FF82FBD3FEFC51867651" box="[1060,1153,332,356]" pageId="11" pageNumber="69" type="male">13 male</specimenCount>
, 
<specimenCount id="9D1E08A2FFE7FF82FB79FEFC50067651" box="[1166,1281,332,356]" pageId="11" pageNumber="69" type="female">23 female</specimenCount>
, 
<date id="FFA6E5EBFFE7FF82FAFAFEFC50907651" box="[1293,1431,332,356]" pageId="11" pageNumber="69" value="1980-08-27">27.viii.1980</date>
, Gangu, 
<quantity id="4CE06ECEFFE7FF82FF02FEDF544276B2" box="[245,325,367,391]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.23" pageId="11" pageNumber="69" unit="m" value="1230.0">1230m</quantity>
, Li Fasheng. 
<emphasis id="B96C1F39FFE7FF82FE10FEDF575176BD" bold="true" box="[487,598,367,392]" pageId="11" pageNumber="69">Xinjiang,</emphasis>
Korla, Zhou Nali, without details. 
<emphasis id="B96C1F39FFE7FF82FC02FEDF513976BD" bold="true" box="[1013,1086,367,392]" pageId="11" pageNumber="69">Hubei</emphasis>
: 
<specimenCount id="9D1E08A2FFE7FF82FBA6FEDF51A576B2" box="[1105,1186,367,391]" pageId="11" pageNumber="69" type="male">6 male</specimenCount>
, 
<specimenCount id="9D1E08A2FFE7FF82FB45FEC0501E76B2" box="[1202,1305,367,391]" pageId="11" pageNumber="69" type="female">7 female</specimenCount>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F30F83BBFFE7FF82FADFFEDF509F76B2" box="[1320,1432,367,391]" name="Sierra Leone" pageId="11" pageNumber="69">Shizishan</collectingCountry>
, Wuhan, 
<date id="FFA6E5EBFFE7FF82FF0DFE2454737699" box="[250,372,404,428]" pageId="11" pageNumber="69" value="1984-06-10">10.vi.1984</date>
, Yang Chikun; 
<specimenCount id="9D1E08A2FFE7FF82FDDDFE2457967699" box="[554,657,404,428]" pageId="11" pageNumber="69" type="female">6 female</specimenCount>
, Yangri, Shengnongjia, 
<quantity id="4CE06ECEFFE7FF82FC51FE2456F57699" box="[934,1010,404,428]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="69" unit="m" value="400.0">400 m</quantity>
, 
<date id="FFA6E5EBFFE7FF82FBF6FE24517C7699" box="[1025,1147,404,428]" pageId="11" pageNumber="69" value="1984-06-25">25.vi.1984</date>
, Yang Chikun. 
<emphasis id="B96C1F39FFE7FF82FAC6FE23507B7699" bold="true" box="[1329,1404,403,428]" pageId="11" pageNumber="69">Anhui</emphasis>
: 
<specimenCount id="9D1E08A2FFE7FF82FA79FE2455D576FA" pageId="11" pageNumber="69" type="male">3 male</specimenCount>
, 
<specimenCount id="9D1E08A2FFE7FF82FF28FE07544376FA" box="[223,324,439,463]" pageId="11" pageNumber="69" type="female">6 female</specimenCount>
, Laoda, Xuancheng, 
<date id="FFA6E5EBFFE7FF82FDC2FE0757B776FA" box="[565,688,439,463]" pageId="11" pageNumber="69" value="1980-09-12">12.ix.1980</date>
, 
<date id="FFA6E5EBFFE7FF82FD4AFE07563276FA" box="[701,821,439,463]" pageId="11" pageNumber="69" value="1980-04-12">12.iv.1980</date>
, 
<date id="FFA6E5EBFFE7FF82FCB5FE0756BC76FA" box="[834,955,439,463]" pageId="11" pageNumber="69" value="1978-04-27">27.iv.1978</date>
, collector unknown. 
<emphasis id="B96C1F39FFE7FF82FB5EFE07502676E5" bold="true" box="[1193,1313,439,464]" pageId="11" pageNumber="69">Shandong</emphasis>
: 
<specimenCount id="9D1E08A2FFE7FF82FAC5FE07508676FA" box="[1330,1409,439,463]" pageId="11" pageNumber="69" type="male">3 male</specimenCount>
, 
<specimenCount id="9D1E08A2FFE7FF82FA79FE0755EF76C1" pageId="11" pageNumber="69" type="female">4 female</specimenCount>
, Qingdao, without details.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA7C32BFFE7FF82FF32FE4F50117522" blockId="11.[153,1436,151,1112]" box="[197,1302,511,536]" pageId="11" pageNumber="69">
Absolute ethanol preserved specimens: 
<emphasis id="B96C1F39FFE7FF82FD75FE4F57D0752D" bold="true" box="[642,727,511,536]" pageId="11" pageNumber="69">Beijing</emphasis>
: Changping, Heishanzhai, 
<date id="FFA6E5EBFFE7FF82FBF0FE4F518E7522" box="[1031,1161,511,535]" pageId="11" pageNumber="69" value="2010-09-02">2010–IX–2</date>
, Luo Xinyu.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA7C32BFFE7FF82FF32FD94549A756A" blockId="11.[153,1436,151,1112]" pageId="11" pageNumber="69">
<emphasis id="B96C1F39FFE7FF82FF32FD9454187509" box="[197,287,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="69">Nymphs</emphasis>
: 
<emphasis id="B96C1F39FFE7FF82FEC5FD93547C7509" bold="true" box="[306,379,547,572]" pageId="11" pageNumber="69">
<collectingCountry id="F30F83BBFFE7FF82FEC5FD93547C7509" box="[306,379,547,572]" name="China" pageId="11" pageNumber="69">China</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
: 
<emphasis id="B96C1F39FFE7FF82FE7AFD9354E57509" bold="true" box="[397,482,547,572]" pageId="11" pageNumber="69">Beijing</emphasis>
: 18 individuals, Kangde, 
<date id="FFA6E5EBFFE7FF82FCE3FD9456877509" box="[788,896,548,572]" pageId="11" pageNumber="69" value="1960-06-08">8.vi.1960</date>
, collector unknown; 23 individuals, Wenquan, 
<date id="FFA6E5EBFFE7FF82FF6EFDF7540B756A" box="[153,268,583,607]" pageId="11" pageNumber="69" value="1963-07-04">4.vii.1963</date>
, Li Fasheng.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30290A0FFE7FF82FF32FDDB57897421" pageId="11" pageNumber="69" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BA7C32BFFE7FF82FF32FDDB568F7592" blockId="11.[153,1436,151,1112]" pageId="11" pageNumber="69">
<emphasis id="B96C1F39FFE7FF82FF32FDDB54AA75B1" bold="true" box="[197,429,619,644]" pageId="11" pageNumber="69">
Distribution. 
<collectingCountry id="F30F83BBFFE7FF82FE93FDDB54AA75B1" box="[356,429,619,644]" name="China" pageId="11" pageNumber="69">China</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
: Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Beijing, Hebei, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Gansu, Xinjiang, Ningxia, Shandong, Hubei, Anhui, Zhejiang, Guizhou, Guangdong, 
<collectingCountry id="F30F83BBFFE7FF82FCD9FD3F56837592" box="[814,900,655,679]" name="Taiwan" pageId="11" pageNumber="69">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA7C32BFFE7FF82FF32FD0457897421" blockId="11.[153,1436,151,1112]" pageId="11" pageNumber="69">
<emphasis id="B96C1F39FFE7FF82FF32FD04545375F9" bold="true" box="[197,340,692,716]" pageId="11" pageNumber="69">Host plants.</emphasis>
This species has been recorded on nearly all cultivated species and varieties of Chinese domestic 
<taxonomicName id="4C18B8A8FFE7FF82FF6EFD6955DC75C5" box="[153,219,729,752]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Pyrus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="11" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96C1F39FFE7FF82FF6EFD6955DC75C5" box="[153,219,729,752]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="69">Pyrus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species, such as 
<taxonomicName id="4C18B8A8FFE7FF82FE6FFD69575375C5" box="[408,596,728,752]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Pyrus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="11" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bretschneideri">
<emphasis id="B96C1F39FFE7FF82FE6FFD69575375C5" box="[408,596,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="69">P. bretschneideri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C18B8A8FFE7FF82FD7DFD69560275C5" box="[650,773,728,752]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Pyrus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="11" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pyrifolia">
<emphasis id="B96C1F39FFE7FF82FD7DFD69560275C5" box="[650,773,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="69">P. pyrifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, including the strains bred from 
<taxonomicName id="4C18B8A8FFE7FF82FB84FD69500C75C5" box="[1139,1291,729,752]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Pyrus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="11" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ussuriensis">
<emphasis id="B96C1F39FFE7FF82FB84FD69500C75C5" box="[1139,1291,729,752]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="69">P. ussuriensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. However, it is seldom found on varieties of 
<emphasis id="B96C1F39FFE7FF82FE0DFD4D57847421" box="[506,643,765,788]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="69">P. c o m m u n i s</emphasis>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30290A0FFE7FF82FF32FC9056947362" pageId="11" pageNumber="69" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BA7C32BFFE7FF82FF32FC9057F0733A" blockId="11.[153,1436,151,1112]" pageId="11" pageNumber="69">
<emphasis id="B96C1F39FFE7FF82FF32FC90543E740D" bold="true" box="[197,313,800,824]" pageId="11" pageNumber="69">Remarks.</emphasis>
Known as Chinese pear psyllid, this species is, economically, the most important pear psyllid in 
<collectingCountry id="F30F83BBFFE7FF82FF6EFCF455E77469" box="[153,224,836,860]" name="China" pageId="11" pageNumber="69">China</collectingCountry>
. It is widely distributed with a relatively wide host range. Its voltinism differs in different latitudes. In Beijing it has 4 generations per year (
<bibRefCitation id="EF89BEDAFFE7FF82FDCFFCD757EC744A" author="Pan" box="[568,747,871,896]" pageId="11" pageNumber="69" refString="Pan, C. &amp; Du, X. (2006) Research on the occurrence regulation and control technology of Psylla chinensis in organic pear orchard. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 22, 303 - 305" type="journal article" year="2006">Pan &amp; Du 2006</bibRefCitation>
), in northeastern 
<collectingCountry id="F30F83BBFFE7FF82FC5CFCD756E9744A" box="[939,1006,871,895]" name="China" pageId="11" pageNumber="69">China</collectingCountry>
2–3, while south of Hebei it may have 6–7 generations (
<bibRefCitation id="EF89BEDAFFE7FF82FEAAFC3C54FB7491" author="Li" box="[349,508,908,932]" pageId="11" pageNumber="69" refString="Li, D., Zhang, C., Su, H. &amp; Xu, G. (1992) Studies on the biological characters of the Chinese pear sucker, Psylla chinensis. Forest Research, 5, 278 - 283." type="journal article" year="1992">Li et al. 1992</bibRefCitation>
). Like 
<taxonomicName id="4C18B8A8FFE7FF82FDBAFC3D57CB7491" box="[589,716,908,932]" class="Insecta" family="Psyllidae" genus="Cacopsylla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pyricola">
<emphasis id="B96C1F39FFE7FF82FDBAFC3D57CB7491" box="[589,716,908,932]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="69">C. pyricola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, this species overwinters as adults in fallen leaf-litter or on the stems of the host. The overwintering period in Beijing is from late October to mid March, and is shorter in warmer areas. The nymphs secrete small amounts of wax and honey-dew that is relatively watery. Older nymphal instars are almost entirely submerged in their own secretions.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA7C32BFFE7FF82FF32FBAD56947362" blockId="11.[153,1436,151,1112]" pageId="11" pageNumber="69">
We suspect that this species has a wider distribution than currently recorded. It probably occurs in all provinces of 
<collectingCountry id="F30F83BBFFE7FF82FF40FB8F55FD7362" box="[183,250,1087,1111]" name="China" pageId="11" pageNumber="69">China</collectingCountry>
where the four major series of cultivated pears are planted.
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