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<document id="4013D0C8CE62B59C5D6AABB224A6A232" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.213975" ID-GBIF-Dataset="1694bfbf-32c4-4225-b0d9-4d38db540814" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="213975" ID-ZooBank="2C43EA7B-94F7-4133-9070-21AC4A8AB734" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460533137334" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Luo, Xinyu, Li, Fasheng, Ma, Yanfang &amp; Cai, Wanzhi" docDate="2012" docId="03B1723DFFE2FF99FF60F8A8513A7196" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03489p080.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3489" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Cacopsylla (Hepatopsylla) liaoli Yang &amp; Li" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="74" masterDocId="FF880A45FFECFF89FFF7FFB055077735" masterDocTitle="A revision of Chinese pear psyllids (Hemiptera: Psylloidea) associated with Pyrus ussuriensis" masterLastPageNumber="80" masterPageNumber="58" pageNumber="72" updateTime="1698316025171" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="06DFDA9478FCBD7507E856087E930F09">A revision of Chinese pear psyllids (Hemiptera: Psylloidea) associated with Pyrus ussuriensis</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="A4E6FA9E871BB1D4EB6C07A795E09795">Luo, Xinyu</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="32F2FEE4B4639736BB31BB4F957CBCCC">Li, Fasheng</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="278009E06AEDD5401DFA676CB394F582">Ma, Yanfang</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="A64350C29D8C2C049F570A95A30F4829">Cai, Wanzhi</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="2B48248B85AB025D13CA57559B9A9F2C">2012</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="6ACF99FCD4FE9F70398199670C312D1D">3489</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03B1723DFFE2FF99FF60F8A8513A7196" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6178506" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119527435" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6178506" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B1723DFFE2FF99FF60F8A8513A7196" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B1723DFFE2FF99FF60F8A8513A7196" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="74" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">
<subSubSection id="C30290A0FFE2FF87FF60F8A854207061" pageId="14" pageNumber="72" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BA7C32BFFE2FF87FF60F8A857997004" blockId="14.[151,670,1816,1876]" box="[151,670,1816,1841]" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">
<heading id="D0EF7447FFE2FF87FF60F8A857997004" bold="true" box="[151,670,1816,1841]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="14" pageNumber="72" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="4C18B8A8FFE2FF87FF60F8A857997004" ID-CoL="5WTMV" authority="Yang &amp; Li" authorityName="Yang &amp; Li" box="[151,670,1816,1841]" class="Insecta" family="Psyllidae" genus="Cacopsylla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="liaoli" subGenus="Hepatopsylla">
<emphasis id="B96C1F39FFE2FF87FF60F8A857997004" bold="true" box="[151,670,1816,1841]" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">
<emphasis id="B96C1F39FFE2FF87FF60F8A854127004" bold="true" box="[151,277,1816,1841]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">Cacopsylla</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B96C1F39FFE2FF87FED2F8A854BB7004" bold="true" box="[293,444,1816,1841]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">Hepatopsylla</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B96C1F39FFE2FF87FE3BF8A857007004" bold="true" box="[460,519,1816,1841]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">liaoli</emphasis>
(Yang &amp; Li)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA7C32BFFE2FF87FF60F88C54207061" blockId="14.[151,670,1816,1876]" box="[151,295,1852,1876]" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">
(
<figureCitation id="1323DFAEFFE2FF87FF68F88C54187061" box="[159,287,1852,1876]" captionStart="FIGURES 44 – 51" captionStartId="15.[151,264,1909,1932]" captionTargetBox="[202,1409,195,1873]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[191,1410,159,1891]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 44 – 51. Cacopsylla (Cacopsylla) liaoli (Yang &amp; Li, 1981), adult. 44. Head, antennae removed; 45. microscopic structure of denoted part of vertex; 46. male terminalia, without distal aedeagus segment; 47. distal aedeagus segment; 48. inner view of paramere; 49. female terminalia, inner valvulae removed; 50. antennal segment X; 51. fore wing. Scale: for 44, 0.16 mm; for 45, 0.064 mm; for 46, 47 &amp; 49, 0.2 mm; for 48 &amp; 50, 0.32 mm; for 51, 0.6 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/213983/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">Figs 44–51</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30290A0FFE2FF99FF60F834574973C6" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="74" pageId="14" pageNumber="72" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BA7C32BFFE2FF87FF60F8345764708C" blockId="14.[151,735,1924,1977]" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB08E405FFE2FF87FF60F8345764708C" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">
<taxonomicName id="4C18B8A8FFE2FF87FF60F83454EB70AF" ID-CoL="4PRP5" authority="Yang &amp; Li, 1981: 43" authorityName="Yang &amp; Li" authorityPageNumber="43" authorityYear="1981" box="[151,492,1924,1946]" class="Insecta" family="Psyllidae" genus="Psylla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="liaoli">
<emphasis id="B96C1F39FFE2FF87FF60F834541570AF" box="[151,274,1924,1946]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">Psylla liaoli</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AB9E53AFFE2FF87FEEFF83554EB70AF" author="Yang" box="[280,492,1924,1946]" page="43" pageId="14" pageNumber="72" year="1981">
<bibRefCitation id="EF89BEDAFFE2FF87FEEFF83554C170AF" author="Yang" box="[280,454,1924,1946]" pageId="14" pageNumber="72" refString="Yang, C-K. &amp; Li, F. (1981) The pear Psylla (Homoptera) of China with descriptions of seven new species. Entomotaxonomia, 3, 35 - 47." type="journal article" year="1981">Yang &amp; Li, 1981</bibRefCitation>
: 43
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
; Hodkinson, 1986: 327.
<taxonomicName id="4C18B8A8FFE2FF87FF60F813572B708C" ID-CoL="5WTMV" authority="Yang &amp; Li" authorityName="Yang &amp; Li" authorityYear="2011" box="[151,556,1955,1977]" class="Insecta" family="Psyllidae" genus="Cacopsylla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="liaoli">
<emphasis id="B96C1F39FFE2FF87FF60F8135443708C" box="[151,324,1955,1977]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">Cacopsylla liaoli</emphasis>
(Yang &amp;
<treatmentCitation id="0AB9E53AFFE2FF87FE5FF813572B708C" author="Li" box="[424,556,1955,1977]" page="864" pageId="14" pageNumber="72" year="2011">
<bibRefCitation id="EF89BEDAFFE2FF87FE5FF813572B708C" author="Li" box="[424,556,1955,1977]" pageId="14" pageNumber="72" refString="Li, F. (2011) Psyllidomorpha of China (Insecta: Hemiptera). Science Press, Beijing, 1976 pp." type="book" year="2011">Li): Li, 2011</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
: 864.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF6793A3FFE3FF86FF60F8C5511070D2" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/213983/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="73" targetBox="[202,1409,195,1873]" targetPageId="15">
<paragraph id="8BA7C32BFFE3FF86FF60F8C5511070D2" blockId="15.[151,1436,1909,2023]" pageId="15" pageNumber="73">
<emphasis id="B96C1F39FFE3FF86FF60F8C5545770BF" bold="true" box="[151,336,1909,1932]" pageId="15" pageNumber="73">FIGURES 44–51</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C18B8A8FFE3FF86FE97F8C5566A70B9" ID-CoL="5WTMV" authority="Yang &amp; Li, 1981" authorityName="Yang &amp; Li" authorityYear="1981" box="[352,877,1909,1932]" class="Insecta" family="Psyllidae" genus="Cacopsylla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="liaoli" subGenus="Cacopsylla">
<emphasis id="B96C1F39FFE3FF86FE97F8C554D570BE" box="[352,466,1909,1931]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="73">Cacopsylla</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B96C1F39FFE3FF86FE13F8C5575170BE" box="[484,598,1909,1931]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="73">Cacopsylla</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B96C1F39FFE3FF86FD90F8C5579B70BE" box="[615,668,1909,1931]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="73">liaoli</emphasis>
(Yang &amp; Li, 1981)
</taxonomicName>
, adult.
<emphasis id="B96C1F39FFE3FF86FC4BF8C556D270BF" bold="true" box="[956,981,1909,1930]" pageId="15" pageNumber="73">44</emphasis>
. Head, antennae removed;
<emphasis id="B96C1F39FFE3FF86FB00F8C5501770BF" bold="true" box="[1271,1296,1909,1930]" pageId="15" pageNumber="73">45</emphasis>
. microscopic structure of denoted part of vertex;
<emphasis id="B96C1F39FFE3FF86FE0DF8245714709C" bold="true" box="[506,531,1940,1961]" pageId="15" pageNumber="73">46</emphasis>
. male terminalia, without distal aedeagus segment;
<emphasis id="B96C1F39FFE3FF86FBEBF8245132709C" bold="true" box="[1052,1077,1940,1961]" pageId="15" pageNumber="73">47</emphasis>
. distal aedeagus segment;
<emphasis id="B96C1F39FFE3FF86FAB5F824505C709C" bold="true" box="[1346,1371,1940,1961]" pageId="15" pageNumber="73">48</emphasis>
. inner view of paramere;
<emphasis id="B96C1F39FFE3FF86FEAEF803547570FD" bold="true" box="[345,370,1971,1992]" pageId="15" pageNumber="73">49</emphasis>
. female terminalia, inner valvulae removed;
<emphasis id="B96C1F39FFE3FF86FCB4F803565B70FD" bold="true" box="[835,860,1971,1992]" pageId="15" pageNumber="73">50</emphasis>
. antennal segment X;
<emphasis id="B96C1F39FFE3FF86FBB2F803515970FD" bold="true" box="[1093,1118,1971,1992]" pageId="15" pageNumber="73">51</emphasis>
. fore wing. Scale: for 44, 0.16 mm; for 45, 0.064 mm; for 46, 47 &amp; 49, 0.2 mm; for 48 &amp; 50, 0.32 mm; for 51, 0.6 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BA7C32BFFFCFF99FF60FF275073769A" blockId="16.[151,1437,151,1700]" pageId="16" pageNumber="74">
<emphasis id="B96C1F39FFFCFF99FF60FF2755E57785" bold="true" box="[151,226,151,176]" pageId="16" pageNumber="74">Adult.</emphasis>
Coloration: Body black. Females lighter than males in general colour. Vertex black; areas alongside the median suture and middle of the hind margin yellowish brown to blackish brown. Genal process black. Compound eyes red; ocelli yellowish brown. Antenna yellow, with brown apices on segment VI, segments VII–VIII entirely brown, segments IX–X entirely black. Thorax black, terga gradually lightening into brown from bilateral sides to the middle; stripes unclear. Legs yellow, metafemora brown exept for apical 1/5 and basal 1/4, apical tarsal segments brown. Fore wing transparent, more or less yellowish, hind half covered by large brown pattern (
<figureCitation id="1323DFAEFFFCFF99FAB5FEFC50947651" box="[1346,1427,332,356]" captionStart="FIGURES 44 – 51" captionStartId="15.[151,264,1909,1932]" captionTargetBox="[202,1409,195,1873]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[191,1410,159,1891]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 44 – 51. Cacopsylla (Cacopsylla) liaoli (Yang &amp; Li, 1981), adult. 44. Head, antennae removed; 45. microscopic structure of denoted part of vertex; 46. male terminalia, without distal aedeagus segment; 47. distal aedeagus segment; 48. inner view of paramere; 49. female terminalia, inner valvulae removed; 50. antennal segment X; 51. fore wing. Scale: for 44, 0.16 mm; for 45, 0.064 mm; for 46, 47 &amp; 49, 0.2 mm; for 48 &amp; 50, 0.32 mm; for 51, 0.6 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/213983/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="74">Fig. 51</figureCitation>
) which occupies cells cu2, cu1, m2, m1, apical 1/5 of r2 and apical angle of r1, with the small area around the anal break uncolored. Abdomen blackish brown. Male proctiger brown, paramere yellow. Female terminalia brown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA7C32BFFFCFF99FF32FE0A51C87452" blockId="16.[151,1437,151,1700]" pageId="16" pageNumber="74">
Structures: Body glabrous and relatively slender. Head relatively small, about as wide as mesoscutum, strongly inclined from longitudinal body axis. Vertex (
<figureCitation id="1323DFAEFFFCFF99FD50FE6F57FC76C2" box="[679,763,479,503]" captionStart="FIGURES 44 – 51" captionStartId="15.[151,264,1909,1932]" captionTargetBox="[202,1409,195,1873]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[191,1410,159,1891]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 44 – 51. Cacopsylla (Cacopsylla) liaoli (Yang &amp; Li, 1981), adult. 44. Head, antennae removed; 45. microscopic structure of denoted part of vertex; 46. male terminalia, without distal aedeagus segment; 47. distal aedeagus segment; 48. inner view of paramere; 49. female terminalia, inner valvulae removed; 50. antennal segment X; 51. fore wing. Scale: for 44, 0.16 mm; for 45, 0.064 mm; for 46, 47 &amp; 49, 0.2 mm; for 48 &amp; 50, 0.32 mm; for 51, 0.6 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/213983/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="74">Fig. 45</figureCitation>
) finely sculptured with microscopic setae and scaly micro structures that are relatively long, narrow, sparse and remarkably reduced; fore margin relatively strongly deflexed. Genal processes (
<figureCitation id="1323DFAEFFFCFF99FE9FFD9754B8750A" box="[360,447,551,575]" captionStart="FIGURES 44 – 51" captionStartId="15.[151,264,1909,1932]" captionTargetBox="[202,1409,195,1873]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[191,1410,159,1891]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 44 – 51. Cacopsylla (Cacopsylla) liaoli (Yang &amp; Li, 1981), adult. 44. Head, antennae removed; 45. microscopic structure of denoted part of vertex; 46. male terminalia, without distal aedeagus segment; 47. distal aedeagus segment; 48. inner view of paramere; 49. female terminalia, inner valvulae removed; 50. antennal segment X; 51. fore wing. Scale: for 44, 0.16 mm; for 45, 0.064 mm; for 46, 47 &amp; 49, 0.2 mm; for 48 &amp; 50, 0.32 mm; for 51, 0.6 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/213983/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="74">Fig. 44</figureCitation>
) cone-shaped and near obliquely truncate subapically, shorter than the vertex along median suture, and covered with very sparse short setae. Antenna relatively short and slender, slightly squiggly; terminal setae (
<figureCitation id="1323DFAEFFFCFF99FEB1FDDF549F75B2" box="[326,408,623,647]" captionStart="FIGURES 44 – 51" captionStartId="15.[151,264,1909,1932]" captionTargetBox="[202,1409,195,1873]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[191,1410,159,1891]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 44 – 51. Cacopsylla (Cacopsylla) liaoli (Yang &amp; Li, 1981), adult. 44. Head, antennae removed; 45. microscopic structure of denoted part of vertex; 46. male terminalia, without distal aedeagus segment; 47. distal aedeagus segment; 48. inner view of paramere; 49. female terminalia, inner valvulae removed; 50. antennal segment X; 51. fore wing. Scale: for 44, 0.16 mm; for 45, 0.064 mm; for 46, 47 &amp; 49, 0.2 mm; for 48 &amp; 50, 0.32 mm; for 51, 0.6 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/213983/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="74">Fig. 50</figureCitation>
) not as long as each other, the longer one about twice as long as the shorter one, and about as long as antennal segment X. Metatibia with well developed basal spine, apical spurs arranged in (1+1+2+1). Fore wing (
<figureCitation id="1323DFAEFFFCFF99FEEDFD07546C75FA" box="[282,363,695,719]" captionStart="FIGURES 44 – 51" captionStartId="15.[151,264,1909,1932]" captionTargetBox="[202,1409,195,1873]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[191,1410,159,1891]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 44 – 51. Cacopsylla (Cacopsylla) liaoli (Yang &amp; Li, 1981), adult. 44. Head, antennae removed; 45. microscopic structure of denoted part of vertex; 46. male terminalia, without distal aedeagus segment; 47. distal aedeagus segment; 48. inner view of paramere; 49. female terminalia, inner valvulae removed; 50. antennal segment X; 51. fore wing. Scale: for 44, 0.16 mm; for 45, 0.064 mm; for 46, 47 &amp; 49, 0.2 mm; for 48 &amp; 50, 0.32 mm; for 51, 0.6 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/213983/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="74">Fig. 51</figureCitation>
) oblong oval, widest at apical third; pterostigma relatively long, ending at apical third of cell r1; cell cu1 relatively flat, turning of vein Cu1a relatively smooth; surface spinules that are obviously denser than normal (as is in most
<taxonomicName id="4C18B8A8FFFCFF99FE67FCB457097429" ID-CoL="62JS4" box="[400,526,772,796]" class="Insecta" family="Psyllidae" genus="Cacopsylla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96C1F39FFFCFF99FE67FCB457097429" box="[400,526,772,796]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="74">Cacopsylla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
spp. represented by
<taxonomicName id="4C18B8A8FFFCFF99FD0EFCB556847429" ID-CoL="P64W" box="[761,899,772,796]" class="Insecta" family="Psyllidae" genus="Cacopsylla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chinensis">
<emphasis id="B96C1F39FFFCFF99FD0EFCB556847429" box="[761,899,772,796]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="74">C. chinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) present in all cells, leaving spinule-free bands along veins, narrowing apically along Rs, M1+2, M3+4 and Cu1a; 3 sets of relatively less developed radular spinules present in cells m1, m2 and cu1, only distinguished under high-power objective (40× or higher).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA7C32BFFFCFF99FF32FCC356D67356" blockId="16.[151,1437,151,1700]" pageId="16" pageNumber="74">
Male terminalia: Proctiger (
<figureCitation id="1323DFAEFFFCFF99FE0DFCC3574C74BE" box="[506,587,883,907]" captionStart="FIGURES 44 – 51" captionStartId="15.[151,264,1909,1932]" captionTargetBox="[202,1409,195,1873]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[191,1410,159,1891]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 44 – 51. Cacopsylla (Cacopsylla) liaoli (Yang &amp; Li, 1981), adult. 44. Head, antennae removed; 45. microscopic structure of denoted part of vertex; 46. male terminalia, without distal aedeagus segment; 47. distal aedeagus segment; 48. inner view of paramere; 49. female terminalia, inner valvulae removed; 50. antennal segment X; 51. fore wing. Scale: for 44, 0.16 mm; for 45, 0.064 mm; for 46, 47 &amp; 49, 0.2 mm; for 48 &amp; 50, 0.32 mm; for 51, 0.6 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/213983/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="74">Fig. 46</figureCitation>
) slightly arched, covered with short setae. Paramere (
<figureCitation id="1323DFAEFFFCFF99FB69FCC3503674BE" box="[1182,1329,883,907]" captionStart="FIGURES 44 – 51" captionStartId="15.[151,264,1909,1932]" captionTargetBox="[202,1409,195,1873]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[191,1410,159,1891]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 44 – 51. Cacopsylla (Cacopsylla) liaoli (Yang &amp; Li, 1981), adult. 44. Head, antennae removed; 45. microscopic structure of denoted part of vertex; 46. male terminalia, without distal aedeagus segment; 47. distal aedeagus segment; 48. inner view of paramere; 49. female terminalia, inner valvulae removed; 50. antennal segment X; 51. fore wing. Scale: for 44, 0.16 mm; for 45, 0.064 mm; for 46, 47 &amp; 49, 0.2 mm; for 48 &amp; 50, 0.32 mm; for 51, 0.6 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/213983/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="74">Figs 46 &amp; 48</figureCitation>
) lamellar and relatively broad; apex tooth-shaped, blunt, moderately inflexed and projected caudad; dense erect short setae present in both inner and outer surface, relatively evenly distributed, slightly longer and denser in posterior margin than in anterior margin. Apical half of basal aedeagus segment (
<figureCitation id="1323DFAEFFFCFF99FCA8FC6F56B774C2" box="[863,944,991,1015]" captionStart="FIGURES 44 – 51" captionStartId="15.[151,264,1909,1932]" captionTargetBox="[202,1409,195,1873]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[191,1410,159,1891]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 44 – 51. Cacopsylla (Cacopsylla) liaoli (Yang &amp; Li, 1981), adult. 44. Head, antennae removed; 45. microscopic structure of denoted part of vertex; 46. male terminalia, without distal aedeagus segment; 47. distal aedeagus segment; 48. inner view of paramere; 49. female terminalia, inner valvulae removed; 50. antennal segment X; 51. fore wing. Scale: for 44, 0.16 mm; for 45, 0.064 mm; for 46, 47 &amp; 49, 0.2 mm; for 48 &amp; 50, 0.32 mm; for 51, 0.6 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/213983/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="74">Fig. 46</figureCitation>
) moderately curved caudad; distal aedaegus segment (
<figureCitation id="1323DFAEFFFCFF99FEFFFBB3545C732E" box="[264,347,1027,1051]" captionStart="FIGURES 44 – 51" captionStartId="15.[151,264,1909,1932]" captionTargetBox="[202,1409,195,1873]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[191,1410,159,1891]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 44 – 51. Cacopsylla (Cacopsylla) liaoli (Yang &amp; Li, 1981), adult. 44. Head, antennae removed; 45. microscopic structure of denoted part of vertex; 46. male terminalia, without distal aedeagus segment; 47. distal aedeagus segment; 48. inner view of paramere; 49. female terminalia, inner valvulae removed; 50. antennal segment X; 51. fore wing. Scale: for 44, 0.16 mm; for 45, 0.064 mm; for 46, 47 &amp; 49, 0.2 mm; for 48 &amp; 50, 0.32 mm; for 51, 0.6 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/213983/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="74">Fig. 47</figureCitation>
) slightly curved, apical dilatation relatively less dilated; ductus ejaculatorius projecting dorsalbasally and moderately curved apically. Subgenital plate (
<figureCitation id="1323DFAEFFFCFF99FCC6FB975681730A" box="[817,902,1063,1087]" captionStart="FIGURES 44 – 51" captionStartId="15.[151,264,1909,1932]" captionTargetBox="[202,1409,195,1873]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[191,1410,159,1891]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 44 – 51. Cacopsylla (Cacopsylla) liaoli (Yang &amp; Li, 1981), adult. 44. Head, antennae removed; 45. microscopic structure of denoted part of vertex; 46. male terminalia, without distal aedeagus segment; 47. distal aedeagus segment; 48. inner view of paramere; 49. female terminalia, inner valvulae removed; 50. antennal segment X; 51. fore wing. Scale: for 44, 0.16 mm; for 45, 0.064 mm; for 46, 47 &amp; 49, 0.2 mm; for 48 &amp; 50, 0.32 mm; for 51, 0.6 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/213983/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="74">Fig. 46</figureCitation>
) near quadrate, with several setae that vary in length in dorsal margin, ventral surface sparsely covered with short setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA7C32BFFFCFF99FF32FBDF574973C6" blockId="16.[151,1437,151,1700]" pageId="16" pageNumber="74">
Female terminalia (
<figureCitation id="1323DFAEFFFCFF99FE5EFBDF570473B2" box="[425,515,1135,1159]" captionStart="FIGURES 44 – 51" captionStartId="15.[151,264,1909,1932]" captionTargetBox="[202,1409,195,1873]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[191,1410,159,1891]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 44 – 51. Cacopsylla (Cacopsylla) liaoli (Yang &amp; Li, 1981), adult. 44. Head, antennae removed; 45. microscopic structure of denoted part of vertex; 46. male terminalia, without distal aedeagus segment; 47. distal aedeagus segment; 48. inner view of paramere; 49. female terminalia, inner valvulae removed; 50. antennal segment X; 51. fore wing. Scale: for 44, 0.16 mm; for 45, 0.064 mm; for 46, 47 &amp; 49, 0.2 mm; for 48 &amp; 50, 0.32 mm; for 51, 0.6 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/213983/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="74">Fig. 49</figureCitation>
): Proctiger convex dorsally in profile, covered with setae that vary in length; remarkably curved at about the middle of anus longitudinally, with the basal part rising upward; laterally and apex of apical part covered with peg setae that gradually turn longer in the basal part. Subgenital plate relatively flat, covered with short setae and peg setae.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30290A0FFFCFF99FF32FB4E541B72DA" pageId="16" pageNumber="74" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BA7C32BFFFCFF99FF32FB4E55D8720E" blockId="16.[151,1437,151,1700]" pageId="16" pageNumber="74">
<emphasis id="B96C1F39FFFCFF99FF32FB4E54A87222" bold="true" box="[197,431,1278,1303]" pageId="16" pageNumber="74">Material examined.</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="54A37D89FFFCFF99FE40FB4F57237222" box="[439,548,1279,1303]" pageId="16" pageNumber="74" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
: male, dry mounted,
<emphasis id="B96C1F39FFFCFF99FCE5FB4E56DB7222" bold="true" box="[786,988,1278,1303]" pageId="16" pageNumber="74">
<collectingCountry id="F30F83BBFFFCFF99FCE5FB4E565A7222" box="[786,861,1278,1303]" name="China" pageId="16" pageNumber="74">China</collectingCountry>
, Liaoning,
</emphasis>
Beizhen, Xingcheng,
<date id="FFA6E5EBFFFCFF99FB2FFB4F504F7222" box="[1240,1352,1279,1303]" pageId="16" pageNumber="74" value="1960-05-11">11.v.1960</date>
, Zhang Ciren.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA7C32BFFFCFF99FF32FAF85647726A" blockId="16.[151,1437,151,1700]" box="[197,832,1351,1376]" pageId="16" pageNumber="74">
<typeStatus id="54A37D89FFFCFF99FF32FAF854317255" box="[197,310,1352,1376]" pageId="16" pageNumber="74" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
:
<specimenCount id="9D1E08A2FFFCFF99FEB7FAF75489726A" box="[320,398,1351,1375]" pageId="16" pageNumber="74" type="male">8 male</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="9D1E08A2FFFCFF99FE6DFAF754F9726A" box="[410,510,1351,1375]" pageId="16" pageNumber="74" type="female">6 female</specimenCount>
, with same data as
<typeStatus id="54A37D89FFFCFF99FD21FAF7563B726A" box="[726,828,1351,1375]" pageId="16" pageNumber="74" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA7C32BFFFCFF99FF32FADB541B72DA" blockId="16.[151,1437,151,1700]" pageId="16" pageNumber="74">
Non-paratypic specimens:
<emphasis id="B96C1F39FFFCFF99FE05FADA57BB72B6" bold="true" box="[498,700,1386,1411]" pageId="16" pageNumber="74">
<collectingCountry id="F30F83BBFFFCFF99FE05FADA573A72B6" box="[498,573,1386,1411]" name="China" pageId="16" pageNumber="74">China</collectingCountry>
, Liaoning,
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="9D1E08A2FFFCFF99FD34FADB561572B6" box="[707,786,1387,1411]" pageId="16" pageNumber="74" type="male">5 male</specimenCount>
, Xicheng,
<date id="FFA6E5EBFFFCFF99FC7CFADB56EC72B6" box="[907,1003,1387,1411]" pageId="16" pageNumber="74" value="1964-07">vii.1964</date>
, Wu Weijun.
<emphasis id="B96C1F39FFFCFF99FB73FADA51D672B6" bold="true" box="[1156,1233,1386,1411]" pageId="16" pageNumber="74">Hebei,</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="9D1E08A2FFFCFF99FB2EFADB502072B6" box="[1241,1319,1387,1411]" pageId="16" pageNumber="74" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="9D1E08A2FFFCFF99FAC4FADB509F72B6" box="[1331,1432,1387,1411]" pageId="16" pageNumber="74" type="female">5 female</specimenCount>
, Guangtoushan, Pingquan,
<quantity id="4CE06ECEFFFCFF99FE35FA3F57557292" box="[450,594,1423,1447]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="16" pageNumber="74" unit="m" value="1000.0" valueMax="1500.0" valueMin="500.0">500–1500 m</quantity>
,
<date id="FFA6E5EBFFFCFF99FDA8FA3F57D47292" box="[607,723,1423,1447]" pageId="16" pageNumber="74" value="1986-07-03">3.vii.1986</date>
, Li Fasheng.
<emphasis id="B96C1F39FFFCFF99FC9BFA3E56B87292" bold="true" box="[876,959,1422,1447]" pageId="16" pageNumber="74">Shanxi</emphasis>
:
<specimenCount id="9D1E08A2FFFCFF99FC38FA3F51197292" box="[975,1054,1423,1447]" pageId="16" pageNumber="74" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="9D1E08A2FFFCFF99FBDDFA3F51887292" box="[1066,1167,1423,1447]" pageId="16" pageNumber="74" type="female">6 female</specimenCount>
, Fengshan, Taigu,
<quantity id="4CE06ECEFFFCFF99FA93FA3F55B672FE" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="16" pageNumber="74" unit="m" value="1300.0">1300 m</quantity>
,
<date id="FFA6E5EBFFFCFF99FF36FA03542D72FE" box="[193,298,1459,1483]" pageId="16" pageNumber="74" value="1982-04-05">5.iv.1982</date>
, Pang Zhen.
<emphasis id="B96C1F39FFFCFF99FE3EFA02571072FE" bold="true" box="[457,535,1458,1483]" pageId="16" pageNumber="74">Gansu</emphasis>
:
<specimenCount id="9D1E08A2FFFCFF99FDDEFA03577C72FE" box="[553,635,1459,1483]" pageId="16" pageNumber="74" type="male">4 male</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="9D1E08A2FFFCFF99FD7CFA0357F872FE" box="[651,767,1459,1483]" pageId="16" pageNumber="74" type="female">11 female</specimenCount>
, Sanshilipu, Hezheng,
<date id="FFA6E5EBFFFCFF99FBFBFA03518272FE" box="[1036,1157,1459,1483]" pageId="16" pageNumber="74" value="2009-04-23">23.iv.2009</date>
, Ma Yanfang, on
<taxonomicName id="4C18B8A8FFFCFF99FAACFA04541272DA" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Pyrus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="16" pageNumber="74" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ussuriensis">
<emphasis id="B96C1F39FFFCFF99FAACFA04541272DA" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="74">Pyrus ussuriensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30290A0FFFCFF99FF32FA4A501C7102" pageId="16" pageNumber="74" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BA7C32BFFFCFF99FF32FA4A562B7126" blockId="16.[151,1437,151,1700]" box="[197,812,1530,1555]" pageId="16" pageNumber="74">
<emphasis id="B96C1F39FFFCFF99FF32FA4A54A97126" bold="true" box="[197,430,1530,1555]" pageId="16" pageNumber="74">
Distribution.
<collectingCountry id="F30F83BBFFFCFF99FE92FA4A54A97126" box="[357,430,1530,1555]" name="China" pageId="16" pageNumber="74">China</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
: Liaoning, Hebei, Shanxi, Gansu.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA7C32BFFFCFF99FF32F9AF501C7102" blockId="16.[151,1437,151,1700]" box="[197,1307,1567,1591]" pageId="16" pageNumber="74">
<emphasis id="B96C1F39FFFCFF99FF32F9AF54537102" bold="true" box="[197,340,1567,1591]" pageId="16" pageNumber="74">Host plants.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C18B8A8FFFCFF99FEACF99057127102" box="[347,533,1568,1591]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Pyrus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="16" pageNumber="74" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="communis">
<emphasis id="B96C1F39FFFCFF99FEACF99057127102" box="[347,533,1568,1591]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="74">Pyrus communis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C18B8A8FFFCFF99FDD4F99057D87102" box="[547,735,1567,1591]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Pyrus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="16" pageNumber="74" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bretschneideri">
<emphasis id="B96C1F39FFFCFF99FDD4F99057D87102" box="[547,735,1567,1591]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="74">P. bretschneideri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(common name: Bai li, white pear),
<taxonomicName id="4C18B8A8FFFCFF99FB8BF99050147102" box="[1148,1299,1568,1591]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Pyrus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="16" pageNumber="74" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ussuriensis">
<emphasis id="B96C1F39FFFCFF99FB8BF99050147102" box="[1148,1299,1568,1591]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="74">P. ussuriensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30290A0FFFCFF99FF32F9F3513A7196" pageId="16" pageNumber="74" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BA7C32BFFFCFF99FF32F9F3513A7196" blockId="16.[151,1437,151,1700]" pageId="16" pageNumber="74">
<emphasis id="B96C1F39FFFCFF99FF32F9F35435716E" bold="true" box="[197,306,1603,1627]" pageId="16" pageNumber="74">Remarks</emphasis>
. This species is known as Liaoning pear psyllid. According to
<bibRefCitation id="EF89BEDAFFFCFF99FC00F9F451E7716E" author="Pang" box="[1015,1248,1603,1628]" pageId="16" pageNumber="74" refString="Pang, Z. &amp; Pang, Y. (1990) On the morphology and bionomics of Psylla liaoli. Acta Phytophylacica Sinica, 17, 365 - 368." type="journal article" year="1990">Pang &amp; Pang (1990)</bibRefCitation>
, it is polyvoltine (2 generations a year in Taigu, Shanxi Province) without seasonal dimorphism, and overwinters as 2nd instar nymphs. These authors also gave a brief description and illustration of the nymphs.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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