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<document id="55FE1539685D104035FBDDD7AE196B9B" ID-CLB-Dataset="22342" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2015.168" ID-GBIF-Dataset="24091335-c320-468c-93cc-9667c275c35b" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3805931" ID-ZooBank="BD52040D-6774-4181-AB53-4629CCA310F9" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1588788904204" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Sidorov, Dmitry A., Gontcharov, Andrey A. &amp; Sharina, Svetlana N." docDate="2015" docId="03B13F619241FFD4FDF8588C549FFC7D" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-2015-168a.pdf.imf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 168" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Anopogammarus birsteini Derzhavin 1945" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="11" masterDocId="FF8847199244FFDEFFEF594B5059FFE5" masterDocTitle="A new genus and two new species of cavernicolous amphipods (Crustacea: Typhlogammaridae) from the Western Caucasus" masterLastPageNumber="32" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="6" updateTime="1698838722004" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-3.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-3.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="996ED3FC562E2149E6A3D9F53023FD02">A new genus and two new species of cavernicolous amphipods (Crustacea: Typhlogammaridae) from the Western Caucasus</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="2016CEC230A4D3559261125777D02A89">Sidorov, Dmitry A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="A5E19CC368D50EB28A0E768454D06A0E">Institute of Biology and Soil Science, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 100 - let Vladivostoku Av. 159, Vladivostok 690022, Russia. &amp; urn: lsid: zoobank. org: author: CA 39 E 974 - 5 B 23 - 42 CE- 919 D- 5 EC 937301494</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="4896FC5732A2565EC1A9731BACB40372">Gontcharov, Andrey A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="CDD1DFCF9E9EA68553AD6EE1BAF25B10">Institute of Biology and Soil Science, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 100 - let Vladivostoku Av. 159, Vladivostok 690022, Russia. &amp; urn: lsid: zoobank. org: author: D 16 C 97 A 5 - FB 70 - 414 A-ACCE-D 17519 A 1 BE 6 C</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="2467017C4C594FA95D493752BC26D458">Sharina, Svetlana N.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="9B84A4ABDB52148226CBFC8638C77833">A. V. Zhirmunsky Institute of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 17 Palchevskogo St., Vladivostok 690041, Russia. &amp; Far Eastern Federal University, 8 Suhanova St., Vladivostok 690950, Russia. &amp; urn: lsid: zoobank. org: author: 3159 D 4 D 5 - 2 BF 1 - 4 E 12 - 8280 - 2 BD 3 F 83 C 8 F 55</mods:affiliation>
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<treatment id="03B13F619241FFD4FDF8588C549FFC7D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3815889" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163970825" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3815889" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B13F619241FFD4FDF8588C549FFC7D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B13F619241FFD4FDF8588C549FFC7D" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<subSubSection id="C302DDFC9241FFDBFDF8588C5444FE04" box="[535,1053,455,481]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="nomenclature">
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<taxonomicName id="4C18F5F49241FFDBFDF8588C5444FE04" ID-CoL="66WN9" authority="Derzhavin, 1945" authorityName="Derzhavin" authorityYear="1945" box="[535,1053,455,481]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Anopogammarus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="birsteini">
<emphasis id="B96C52659241FFDBFDF8588C530BFE04" bold="true" box="[535,850,455,481]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Anopogammarus birsteini</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF89F3869241FFDBFCB6588C5444FE04" author="Derzhavin" box="[857,1053,455,481]" firstAuthor="Derzhavin" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="27 - 43" refId="ref12954" refString="Derzhavin A. N. 1945. The subterranean Amphipoda of Transcaucasus. Bulletin of the Academy of Sciences of Azerbaijan SSR 8: 27 - 43. [in Russian, with English summary]" type="journal article" year="1945">Derzhavin, 1945</bibRefCitation>
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<figureCitation id="132392F29241FFDBFD5258A1535FFDE1" box="[701,774,490,516]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[189,232,1857,1883]" captionTargetBox="[239,1352,268,1805]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[229,1365,265,1813]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 4. — A–D. Anopogammarus birsteini Derzhavin, 1945. ♀, 9.0 mm, X44039/Cr-1645-FEFU: A. Habitus from left side. B. Urosome. C. Head. D. Metasomal and urosomal segments with telson. — E–G. Zenkevitchia sandroruffoi sp. nov. Paratype, ♀, 6.3 mm, X44045/Cr-1651-FEFU. E. Lateralia. F. Head. G. Urosome. — H–K. Adaugammarus pilosus sp. nov. Holotype, ♀, 13.5 mm, X44046/Cr- 1652-FEFU. H. Lateralia. I. Head. J. Urosome. K. Lateralia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3805945" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3805945/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Figs 4</figureCitation>
A–E, 5–6
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<treatmentCitation id="0AB9A8669241FFDBFF525B6652B0FDA0" author="Derzhavin A. N." box="[189,745,555,583]" page="34" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" year="1945">
<taxonomicName id="4C18F5F49241FFDBFF525B6652B0FDA0" ID-CoL="66WN9" authority="Derzhavin, 1945: 34" authorityName="Derzhavin" authorityPageNumber="34" authorityYear="1945" box="[189,745,555,583]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Anopogammarus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="birsteini">
<emphasis id="B96C52659241FFDBFF525B6651B6FDA0" box="[189,495,555,583]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Anopogammarus birsteini</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF89F3869241FFDBFE195B6052B0FDA0" author="Derzhavin" box="[502,745,555,581]" firstAuthor="Derzhavin" page="34" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="27 - 43" refId="ref12954" refString="Derzhavin A. N. 1945. The subterranean Amphipoda of Transcaucasus. Bulletin of the Academy of Sciences of Azerbaijan SSR 8: 27 - 43. [in Russian, with English summary]" type="journal article" year="1945">Derzhavin, 1945: 34</bibRefCitation>
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, pl. 2.
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</paragraph>
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB08A9599241FFDBFF525B255483FD28" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<taxonomicName id="4C18F5F49241FFDBFF525B2551B6FD62" ID-CoL="66WN9" authorityName="Derzhavin" authorityYear="1945" box="[189,495,621,648]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Anopogammarus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="birsteini">
<emphasis id="B96C52659241FFDBFF525B2551B6FD62" box="[189,495,621,648]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Anopogammarus birsteini</emphasis>
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–
<treatmentCitation id="0AB9A8669241FFDBFDE15B2653ECFD62" author="Birstein J. A. &amp; Ljovuschkin S. I." box="[526,949,621,647]" page="1512" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" year="1967">
<bibRefCitation id="EF89F3869241FFDBFDE15B2653ECFD62" author="Birstein &amp; Ljovuschkin" box="[526,949,621,647]" firstAuthor="Birstein" page="1512" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="1509 - 1535" refId="ref12649" refString="Birstein J. A. &amp; Ljovuschkin S. I. 1967. Some results and problems in studying of the subterranean fauna of the U. S. S. R. Zoologichesky Zhurnal 46: 1509 - 1535. [in Russian, with English summary]" type="journal article" year="1967">Birstein &amp; Ljovuschkin 1967: 1512</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0AB9A8669241FFDBFC2E5B265410FD62" author="Birstein J. A. &amp; Ljovuschkin S. I." box="[961,1097,621,647]" page="1478" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" year="1970">
<bibRefCitation id="EF89F3869241FFDBFC2E5B265410FD62" author="Birstein &amp; Ljovuschkin" box="[961,1097,621,647]" firstAuthor="Birstein" page="1478" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="1471 - 1487" refId="ref12698" refString="Birstein J. A. &amp; Ljovuschkin S. I. 1970. Biospeologica Sovietica 41. Genera of Amphipoda endemic for Transcaucasus. Zoologichesky Zhurnal 49: 1471 - 1487. [in Russian, with English summary]" type="journal article" year="1970">1970: 1478</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, figs 4–6. —
<treatmentCitation id="0AB9A8669241FFDBFB065B2650B4FD4F" author="Stock J. H." page="339" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" year="1973">
<bibRefCitation id="EF89F3869241FFDBFB065B2650B4FD4F" author="Stock" firstAuthor="Stock" page="339" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="339 - 341" refId="ref14233" refString="Stock J. H. 1973. The existence of interstitial members of the Gammarus - group (Amphipoda). Crustaceana 24: 339 - 341. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1163 / 156854073 X 00731" type="journal article" year="1973">Stock 1973: 339</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
. —
<treatmentCitation id="0AB9A8669241FFDBFECF5BDB524DFD4F" author="Bousfield E. L." box="[288,532,656,682]" page="291" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" year="1977">
<bibRefCitation id="EF89F3869241FFDBFECF5BDB524DFD4F" author="Bousfield" box="[288,532,656,682]" firstAuthor="Bousfield" page="291" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="282 - 316" refId="ref12830" refString="Bousfield E. L. 1977. A new look at the systematics of gammaroidean amphipods of the world. Crustaceana, Supplement 4: 282 - 316." type="journal article" year="1977">Bousfield 1977: 291</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
. —
<treatmentCitation id="0AB9A8669241FFDBFDA75BDB53E6FD4F" author="Karaman G. S. &amp; Barnard J. L." box="[584,959,656,682]" page="142" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" year="1979">
<bibRefCitation id="EF89F3869241FFDBFDA75BDB53E6FD4F" author="Karaman &amp; Barnard" box="[584,959,656,682]" firstAuthor="Karaman" page="142" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="106 - 165" refId="ref13555" refString="Karaman G. S. &amp; Barnard J. L. 1979. Classificatory revisions in gammaridean Amphipoda (Crustacea), part 1. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 92: 106 - 165." type="journal article" year="1979">Karaman &amp; Barnard 1979: 142</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
. —
<treatmentCitation id="0AB9A8669241FFDBFC1D5BDB5512FD4F" author="Barnard J. L. &amp; Karaman G. S." box="[1010,1355,656,682]" page="8" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" year="1980">
<bibRefCitation id="EF89F3869241FFDBFC1D5BDB5512FD4F" author="Barnard &amp; Karaman" box="[1010,1355,656,682]" firstAuthor="Barnard" page="8" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="5 - 16" refId="ref12520" refString="Barnard J. L. &amp; Karaman G. S. 1980. Classification of gammarid Amphipoda. Crustaceana, Supplement 6: 5 - 16." type="journal article" year="1980">Barnard &amp; Karaman 1980: 8</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
. —
<treatmentCitation id="0AB9A8669241FFDBFF525BF85278FD28" author="Barnard J. L. &amp; Barnard C. M." box="[189,545,691,717]" page="502" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" year="1983">
<bibRefCitation id="EF89F3869241FFDBFF525BF85278FD28" author="Barnard &amp; Barnard" box="[189,545,691,717]" firstAuthor="Barnard" page="502" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="2" refId="ref12487" refString="Barnard J. L. &amp; Barnard C. M. 1983. Freshwater Amphipoda of the World. Vols 1, 2. Mt. Vernon, Hayfield Associates, Virginia." type="journal article" year="1983">Barnard &amp; Barnard 1983: 502</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
. —
<treatmentCitation id="0AB9A8669241FFDBFDBF5BF8534FFD28" author="Ruffo S." box="[592,790,691,717]" page="450" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" year="1995">
<bibRefCitation id="EF89F3869241FFDBFDBF5BF8534FFD28" author="Ruffo" box="[592,790,691,717]" firstAuthor="Ruffo" page="450" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="443 - 452" refId="ref13787" refString="Ruffo S. 1995. Un nuovo gammaride cavernicolo dell'Albania (Albanogammarus inguscioi n. gen. n. sp.). Bollettino del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Verona 19: 443 - 452." type="journal article" year="1995">Ruffo 1995: 450</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
. —
<treatmentCitation id="0AB9A8669241FFDBFCAA5BF854C3FD28" author="Karaman G. S. &amp; Ruffo S." box="[837,1178,691,717]" page="159" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" year="1995">
<bibRefCitation id="EF89F3869241FFDBFCAA5BF854C3FD28" author="Karaman &amp; Ruffo" box="[837,1178,691,717]" firstAuthor="Karaman" page="159" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="157 - 171" refId="ref13593" refString="Karaman G. S. &amp; Ruffo S. 1995. Sinogammarus troglodytes n. gen. n. sp. A new troglobiont Gammarid from China (Crustacea Amphipoda). International Journal of Speleology 23: 157 - 171." type="journal article" year="1995">Karaman &amp; Ruffo 1995: 159</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, 160.
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</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C302DDFC9241FFDBFF525BBE51FFFBB8" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BA78E779241FFDBFF525BBE51F3FCEA" blockId="5.[189,426,757,783]" box="[189,426,757,783]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<heading id="D0EF391B9241FFDBFF525BBE51F3FCEA" bold="true" box="[189,426,757,783]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B96C52659241FFDBFF525BBE51F3FCEA" bold="true" box="[189,426,757,783]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Material examined</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA78E779241FFDBFF525A685164FC42" blockId="5.[189,1399,803,935]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<collectingCountry id="F30FCEE79241FFDBFF525A68511FFCD8" box="[189,326,803,829]" name="Georgia" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">GEORGIA</collectingCountry>
:
<specimenCount id="9D1E45FE9241FFDBFEBE5A685127FCD8" box="[337,382,803,829]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="9D1E45FE9241FFDBFE625A6851E3FCD8" box="[397,442,803,829]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
, Western Caucasus, Gagra District, near Goluboe Lake (43°3508 N, 40°4119 E). Specimens, completely dissected and mounted on a single slide per number:
<specimenCount id="9D1E45FE9241FFDBFBA75A0D5407FC85" box="[1096,1118,838,864]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
(oostegites initial, nonsetose) 9.0 mm,
<specimenCount id="9D1E45FE9241FFDBFE6C5A2151C0FC61" box="[387,409,874,900]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
<quantity id="4CE023929241FFDBFE4D5A215259FC61" box="[418,512,874,900]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="mm" value="8.5">8.5 mm</quantity>
,
<date id="FFA6A8B79241FFDBFDE25A2152F3FC61" box="[525,682,874,900]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="2015-06-15">
15 Jun.
<quantity id="4CE023929241FFDBFD835A2152F3FC61" box="[620,682,874,900]" metricMagnitude="6" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0151329999999996" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="m" value="2015133.0">2015</quantity>
</date>
, 133 m a.s.l., springs, coll. D.M. Palatov (
<accessionNumber id="944B13949241FFDBFB4C5A21555CFC61" box="[1187,1285,874,900]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/X44039" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="EnaNcbi">X44039</accessionNumber>
/Cr-
<date id="FFA6A8B79241FFDBFAD95A215085FC42" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="1645" valueMax="1646">1645- 46</date>
-
<collectionCode id="ED0916B29241FFDBFF0C5AC65168FC42" box="[227,305,909,935]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">FEFU</collectionCode>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA78E779241FFDBFF525A85526DFC0D" blockId="5.[189,564,974,1000]" box="[189,564,974,1000]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<heading id="D0EF391B9241FFDBFF525A85526DFC0D" bold="true" box="[189,564,974,1000]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B96C52659241FFDBFF525A85526DFC0D" bold="true" box="[189,564,974,1000]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Additional material examined</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA78E779241FFDBFF525AB651FFFBB8" blockId="5.[189,1399,1021,1117]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<collectingCountry id="F30FCEE79241FFDBFF525AB6511FFBF2" box="[189,326,1021,1047]" name="Georgia" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">GEORGIA</collectingCountry>
:
<specimenCount id="9D1E45FE9241FFDBFEA15AB651D7FBF2" box="[334,398,1021,1047]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="female">5 ♀♀</specimenCount>
(6.0 mm,
<date id="FFA6A8B79241FFDBFDEE5AB65244FBF2" box="[513,541,1021,1047]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">3x</date>
7.0 mm,
<quantity id="4CE023929241FFDBFD6C5AB65287FBF2" box="[643,734,1021,1047]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="mm" value="7.5">7.5 mm</quantity>
; oostegites initial, non-setose),
<specimenCount id="9D1E45FE9241FFDBFBA85AB654DEFBF2" box="[1095,1159,1021,1047]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="male">5 ♂♂</specimenCount>
(
<date id="FFA6A8B79241FFDBFB7A5AB654E8FBF2" box="[1173,1201,1021,1047]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">3x</date>
6.0 mm,
<quantity id="4CE023929241FFDBFAF75AB6552BFBF2" box="[1304,1394,1021,1047]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="mm" value="7.5">7.5 mm</quantity>
, 9.0 mm),
<specimenCount id="9D1E45FE9241FFDBFEDF5D6B512CFBDF" box="[304,373,1056,1082]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="generic">3 juv.</specimenCount>
, specimens measured, partially dissected and stored in different vials (1-12/1sd-IBSS), same data as above.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF67DEFF9241FFDBFF525E34526FF83A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3805943" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3805943" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3805943/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" startId="5.[189,232,1919,1945]" targetBox="[193,1393,1307,1872]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="8BA78E779241FFDBFF525E34526FF83A" blockId="5.[189,1399,1919,2015]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="B96C52659241FFDBFF525E345155F87C" bold="true" box="[189,268,1919,1945]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 3.</emphasis>
Unrooted ML-tree with bootstrap support values based on the mt-
<emphasis id="B96C52659241FFDBFBC45E34543AF87C" box="[1067,1123,1919,1945]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">cox1</emphasis>
sequences (values less than 50% not shown). Specimen labels refer to information given in Table S1. Scale bar indicates the number of substitutions per site.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF67DEFF9242FFD8FF525E0A53D1F80D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3805945" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3805945" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3805945/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" startId="6.[189,232,1857,1883]" targetBox="[239,1352,268,1805]" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph id="8BA78E779242FFD8FF525E0A53D1F80D" blockId="6.[189,1399,1857,2024]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<emphasis id="B96C52659242FFD8FF525E0A51D8F8BE" bold="true" box="[189,385,1857,1883]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 4. — A–D</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C18F5F49242FFD8FE7A5E0953FFF8BE" authority="Derzhavin, 1945" authorityName="Derzhavin" authorityYear="1945" box="[405,934,1857,1884]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Anopogammarus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="birsteini">
<emphasis id="B96C52659242FFD8FE7A5E095295F8BE" box="[405,716,1857,1884]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Anopogammarus birsteini</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF89F3869242FFD8FD365E0A53FFF8BE" author="Derzhavin" box="[729,934,1857,1883]" firstAuthor="Derzhavin" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="27 - 43" refId="ref12954" refString="Derzhavin A. N. 1945. The subterranean Amphipoda of Transcaucasus. Bulletin of the Academy of Sciences of Azerbaijan SSR 8: 27 - 43. [in Russian, with English summary]" type="journal article" year="1945">Derzhavin, 1945</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. ♀, 9.0 mm,
<accessionNumber id="944B13949242FFD8FBBA5E0A54EEF8BE" box="[1109,1207,1857,1883]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/X44039" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="EnaNcbi">X44039</accessionNumber>
/Cr-1645-FEFU:
<emphasis id="B96C52659242FFD8FF525E2F508BF89B" bold="true" box="[189,210,1892,1918]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">A</emphasis>
. Habitus from left side.
<emphasis id="B96C52659242FFD8FE1E5E2F525CF89B" bold="true" box="[497,517,1892,1918]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">B</emphasis>
. Urosome.
<emphasis id="B96C52659242FFD8FD615E2F52FAF89B" bold="true" box="[654,675,1892,1918]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C</emphasis>
. Head.
<emphasis id="B96C52659242FFD8FD105E2F534DF89B" bold="true" box="[767,788,1892,1918]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">D</emphasis>
. Metasomal and urosomal segments with telson. —
<emphasis id="B96C52659242FFD8FF525ECC50AFF844" bold="true" box="[189,246,1927,1953]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">E–G</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C18F5F49242FFD8FEE85ECC5260F844" authority="Sidorov &amp; Gontcharov &amp; Sharina, 2015" authorityName="Sidorov &amp; Gontcharov &amp; Sharina" authorityYear="2015" box="[263,569,1927,1953]" class="Malacostraca" family="Typhlogammaridae" genus="Zenkevitchia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sandroruffoi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B96C52659242FFD8FEE85ECC5260F844" box="[263,569,1927,1953]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Zenkevitchia sandroruffoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25FEF1E9242FFD8FDAC5ECC52F9F844" box="[579,672,1927,1953]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Paratype, ♀, 6.3 mm,
<accessionNumber id="944B13949242FFD8FC585ECC5440F844" box="[951,1049,1927,1953]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/X44045" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="EnaNcbi">X44045</accessionNumber>
/Cr-1651-FEFU.
<emphasis id="B96C52659242FFD8FB0D5ECC54AFF844" bold="true" box="[1250,1270,1927,1953]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">E</emphasis>
. Lateralia.
<emphasis id="B96C52659242FFD8FF525EE15096F821" bold="true" box="[189,207,1962,1988]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">F</emphasis>
. Head.
<emphasis id="B96C52659242FFD8FEC15EE1511CF821" bold="true" box="[302,325,1962,1988]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">G</emphasis>
. Urosome. —
<emphasis id="B96C52659242FFD8FE175EE1526DF821" bold="true" box="[504,564,1962,1988]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">H–K</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C18F5F49242FFD8FDAA5EE15302F821" authority="Sidorov &amp; Gontcharov &amp; Sharina, 2015" authorityName="Sidorov &amp; Gontcharov &amp; Sharina" authorityYear="2015" box="[581,859,1962,1988]" class="Malacostraca" family="Typhlogammaridae" genus="Adaugammarus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pilosus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B96C52659242FFD8FDAA5EE15302F821" box="[581,859,1962,1988]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Adaugammarus pilosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25FEF1E9242FFD8FC8A5EE15398F821" box="[869,961,1962,1988]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Holotype, ♀, 13.5 mm,
<accessionNumber id="944B13949242FFD8FB065EE15511F821" box="[1257,1352,1962,1988]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/X44046" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="EnaNcbi">X44046</accessionNumber>
/Cr- 1652-FEFU.
<emphasis id="B96C52659242FFD8FEB75E855136F80D" bold="true" box="[344,367,1998,2024]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">H</emphasis>
. Lateralia.
<emphasis id="B96C52659242FFD8FE1B5E8551A6F80D" bold="true" box="[500,511,1998,2024]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">I</emphasis>
. Head.
<emphasis id="B96C52659242FFD8FDB45E855233F80D" bold="true" box="[603,618,1998,2024]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">J</emphasis>
. Urosome.
<emphasis id="B96C52659242FFD8FD1D5E855350F80D" bold="true" box="[754,777,1998,2024]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">K</emphasis>
. Lateralia.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF67DEFF9243FFD9FF545ECC5234F802" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3805949" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3805949" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3805949/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" startId="7.[187,230,1927,1953]" targetBox="[217,1375,277,1879]" targetPageId="7">
<paragraph id="8BA78E779243FFD9FF545ECC5234F802" blockId="7.[187,1398,1927,2023]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="B96C52659243FFD9FF545ECC5155F844" bold="true" box="[187,268,1927,1953]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 5.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C18F5F49243FFD9FEF95EC35346F844" authority="Derzhavin, 1945" authorityName="Derzhavin" authorityYear="1945" box="[278,799,1927,1954]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Anopogammarus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="birsteini">
<emphasis id="B96C52659243FFD9FEF95EC35212F844" box="[278,587,1927,1954]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Anopogammarus birsteini</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF89F3869243FFD9FDBA5ECC5346F844" author="Derzhavin" box="[597,799,1927,1953]" firstAuthor="Derzhavin" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="27 - 43" refId="ref12954" refString="Derzhavin A. N. 1945. The subterranean Amphipoda of Transcaucasus. Bulletin of the Academy of Sciences of Azerbaijan SSR 8: 27 - 43. [in Russian, with English summary]" type="journal article" year="1945">Derzhavin, 1945</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. ♀, 9.0 mm,
<accessionNumber id="944B13949243FFD9FC2C5ECC547DF844" box="[963,1060,1927,1953]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/X44039" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="EnaNcbi">X44039</accessionNumber>
/Cr-1645-FEFU.
<emphasis id="B96C52659243FFD9FB015ECC555AF844" bold="true" box="[1262,1283,1927,1953]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">A</emphasis>
. Antenna 1.
<emphasis id="B96C52659243FFD9FF355EE150B7F821" bold="true" box="[218,238,1962,1988]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">B</emphasis>
. Antenna 2.
<emphasis id="B96C52659243FFD9FE6A5EE151E7F821" bold="true" box="[389,446,1962,1988]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">C–D</emphasis>
. Palmar margins of gnathopods 1 and 2 propodi.
<emphasis id="B96C52659243FFD9FBE45EE15446F821" bold="true" box="[1035,1055,1962,1988]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">E</emphasis>
. Maxilla 1.
<emphasis id="B96C52659243FFD9FB5F5EE1549BF821" bold="true" box="[1200,1218,1962,1988]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">F</emphasis>
. Outer plate of maxilla 1.
<emphasis id="B96C52659243FFD9FED75E865116F802" bold="true" box="[312,335,1997,2023]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">G</emphasis>
. Palp of right maxilla 1.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C302DDFC924CFFD6FF52584254E9FE7D" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BA78E77924CFFD6FF525842517DFEC6" blockId="8.[189,292,265,291]" box="[189,292,265,291]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<heading id="D0EF391B924CFFD6FF525842517DFEC6" bold="true" box="[189,292,265,291]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B96C5265924CFFD6FF525842517DFEC6" bold="true" box="[189,292,265,291]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Remark</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA78E77924CFFD6FF52587354E9FE7D" blockId="8.[189,1399,312,408]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
Although
<taxonomicName id="4C18F5F4924CFFD6FED55872519DFEB7" authorityName="Derzhavin" authorityYear="1945" box="[314,452,312,339]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Anopogammarus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="birsteini">
<emphasis id="B96C5265924CFFD6FED55872519DFEB7" box="[314,452,312,339]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">A. birsteini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was described by
<bibRefCitation id="EF89F386924CFFD6FD57587353D6FEB7" author="Derzhavin" box="[696,911,312,338]" firstAuthor="Derzhavin" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="27 - 43" refId="ref12954" refString="Derzhavin A. N. 1945. The subterranean Amphipoda of Transcaucasus. Bulletin of the Academy of Sciences of Azerbaijan SSR 8: 27 - 43. [in Russian, with English summary]" type="journal article" year="1945">
Derzhavin (
<date id="FFA6A8B7924CFFD6FCA6587353DFFEB7" box="[841,902,312,338]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" value="1945">1945</date>
)
</bibRefCitation>
based on an 8.0 mm female and was subsequently redescribed in detail (
<bibRefCitation id="EF89F386924CFFD6FD815810538EFE90" author="Birstein &amp; Ljovuschkin" box="[622,983,347,373]" firstAuthor="Birstein" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="1471 - 1487" refId="ref12698" refString="Birstein J. A. &amp; Ljovuschkin S. I. 1970. Biospeologica Sovietica 41. Genera of Amphipoda endemic for Transcaucasus. Zoologichesky Zhurnal 49: 1471 - 1487. [in Russian, with English summary]" type="journal article" year="1970">
Birstein &amp; Ljovuschkin
<date id="FFA6A8B7924CFFD6FC745810538EFE90" box="[923,983,347,373]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" value="1970">1970</date>
</bibRefCitation>
) based on both sexes, we further introduce an amended diagnostic description to emphasize some important characters.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C302DDFC924CFFD7FF5258F45296F989" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BA78E77924CFFD6FF5258F4518DFE3C" blockId="8.[189,468,447,473]" box="[189,468,447,473]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<heading id="D0EF391B924CFFD6FF5258F4518DFE3C" bold="true" box="[189,468,447,473]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B96C5265924CFFD6FF5258F4518DFE3C" bold="true" box="[189,468,447,473]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Diagnostic description</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA78E77924CFFD6FF5258A5556CFD97" blockId="8.[189,1399,494,626]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
SIZE. Female body length 9.0 mm and male, body length
<quantity id="4CE02392924CFFD6FCB658A553EAFDED" box="[857,947,494,520]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="mm" value="8.5">8.5 mm</quantity>
(
<accessionNumber id="944B1394924CFFD6FC2D58A5547DFDED" box="[962,1060,494,520]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/X44039" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="EnaNcbi">X44039</accessionNumber>
/Cr-
<date id="FFA6A8B7924CFFD6FBB958A554ECFDED" box="[1110,1205,494,520]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" value="1645" valueMax="1646">1645-46</date>
-FEFU). Robust, large-sized species of gammarid-like habitus (sexual dimorphism weakly pronounced, i.e., females larger than males). Coxal gills 2–7 stalked, triangular or sacciforme, largest on gnathopod 2, successively smaller on pereopods 3 to 7, gill 7 the smallest. Body length 6.0–17.0 mm (
<specimenCount id="9D1E45FE924CFFD6FBDC5B135410FD97" box="[1075,1097,600,626]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
), 6.0–14.0 mm (
<specimenCount id="9D1E45FE924CFFD6FAE05B13557CFD97" box="[1295,1317,600,626]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA78E77924CFFD7FF525BD25549FDD8" blockId="8.[189,1399,665,937]" lastBlockId="9.[189,1399,266,573]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
GENERAL BODY MORPHOLOGY (
<figureCitation id="132392F2924CFFD6FDFA5BD2523BFD56" box="[533,610,665,691]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[189,232,1857,1883]" captionTargetBox="[239,1352,268,1805]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[229,1365,265,1813]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 4. — A–D. Anopogammarus birsteini Derzhavin, 1945. ♀, 9.0 mm, X44039/Cr-1645-FEFU: A. Habitus from left side. B. Urosome. C. Head. D. Metasomal and urosomal segments with telson. — E–G. Zenkevitchia sandroruffoi sp. nov. Paratype, ♀, 6.3 mm, X44045/Cr-1651-FEFU. E. Lateralia. F. Head. G. Urosome. — H–K. Adaugammarus pilosus sp. nov. Holotype, ♀, 13.5 mm, X44046/Cr- 1652-FEFU. H. Lateralia. I. Head. J. Urosome. K. Lateralia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3805945" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3805945/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Figs 4</figureCitation>
A–D, 6G). Body smooth, lacking dorsal cuticular elements. Head as long as first pereon segment; rostrum absent; inferior antennal sinus shallow, sub-rounded. Eyes absent. Pleosomites and urosomites on dorsal surface with lateral groups of spines and setae; medial elements absent. Dorsal surface of urosomites 1–3 armed with robust spines in the following manner: 1 (3-0-0-3), 2 (2-0-0-2), 3 (1-0-1). Epimeral plate 1: postero-ventral corner prominent; posterior and ventral margins convex; 2 stiff setae along ventral margin, 2 setae along posterior margin. Epimeral plate 2: postero-ventral corner acuminate; posterior and ventral margins convex; 5 stiff setae in two rows along ventral margin, 1 seta along posterior margin at corner. Epimeral plate 3: postero-ventral corner acuminate; posterior margin concave; ventral margin convex; 4 stiff seta along ventral margin, 2 setae along posterior margin. Telson as long as broad; cleft entirely; 2 or 3 apical spines per lobe present, these are 0.2× telson length, each accompanied by setae. Antennae (
<figureCitation id="132392F2924DFFD7FC0D581B541CFE8F" box="[994,1093,336,362]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[189,232,1857,1883]" captionTargetBox="[239,1352,268,1805]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[229,1365,265,1813]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 4. — A–D. Anopogammarus birsteini Derzhavin, 1945. ♀, 9.0 mm, X44039/Cr-1645-FEFU: A. Habitus from left side. B. Urosome. C. Head. D. Metasomal and urosomal segments with telson. — E–G. Zenkevitchia sandroruffoi sp. nov. Paratype, ♀, 6.3 mm, X44045/Cr-1651-FEFU. E. Lateralia. F. Head. G. Urosome. — H–K. Adaugammarus pilosus sp. nov. Holotype, ♀, 13.5 mm, X44046/Cr- 1652-FEFU. H. Lateralia. I. Head. J. Urosome. K. Lateralia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3805945" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3805945/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Figs 4A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="132392F2924DFFD7FBBD581B5439FE8F" box="[1106,1120,336,362]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="7.[187,230,1927,1953]" captionTargetBox="[217,1375,277,1879]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[201,1395,259,1887]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Fig. 5. Anopogammarus birsteini Derzhavin, 1945. ♀, 9.0 mm, X44039/Cr-1645-FEFU. A. Antenna 1. B. Antenna 2. C–D. Palmar margins of gnathopods 1 and 2 propodi. E. Maxilla 1. F. Outer plate of maxilla 1. G. Palp of right maxilla 1." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3805949" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3805949/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">5</figureCitation>
A–B). Antenna 1 0.65× of body length; main flagellum with up to 30–32 articles; almost all flagellar articles bearing small aesthetascs accompanied by 2–8 short setae; peduncular articles in ratio 1:0.7:0.4; proximal article of peduncle with 3 sets of short setae along ventral margin; accessory flagellum 3- or 4-articulated. Length ratio of antenna 1 to antenna 2 is 1:0.5; flagellum of antenna 2 with 11–15 articles, each article densely setose; length ratio of peduncle articles 4 and 5 is 1:0.9; flagellum as long as peduncle (articles 4+5); peduncular articles 4 and 5 with sets of long stiff setae along ventral margin; gland cone short.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF67DEFF924CFFD6FF525EE754E0F80C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3805953" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3805953" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3805953/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" startId="8.[189,232,1964,1990]" targetBox="[211,1383,1005,1908]" targetPageId="8">
<paragraph id="8BA78E77924CFFD6FF525EE754E0F80C" blockId="8.[189,1398,1964,2025]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="B96C5265924CFFD6FF525EE75152F823" bold="true" box="[189,267,1964,1990]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 6.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C18F5F4924CFFD6FEFD5EE6534AF823" authority="Derzhavin, 1945" authorityName="Derzhavin" authorityYear="1945" box="[274,787,1964,1991]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Anopogammarus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="birsteini">
<emphasis id="B96C5265924CFFD6FEFD5EE6521DF823" box="[274,580,1964,1991]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Anopogammarus birsteini</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF89F386924CFFD6FDA35EE7534AF823" author="Derzhavin" box="[588,787,1964,1990]" firstAuthor="Derzhavin" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="27 - 43" refId="ref12954" refString="Derzhavin A. N. 1945. The subterranean Amphipoda of Transcaucasus. Bulletin of the Academy of Sciences of Azerbaijan SSR 8: 27 - 43. [in Russian, with English summary]" type="journal article" year="1945">Derzhavin, 1945</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. ♀, 9.0 mm,
<accessionNumber id="944B1394924CFFD6FC435EE75457F823" box="[940,1038,1964,1990]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/X44039" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="EnaNcbi">X44039</accessionNumber>
/Cr-1645-FEFU.
<emphasis id="B96C5265924CFFD6FB3A5EE754B3F823" bold="true" box="[1237,1258,1964,1990]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">A</emphasis>
. Pleopod 2.
<emphasis id="B96C5265924CFFD6FF525E845088F80C" bold="true" box="[189,209,1999,2025]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">B</emphasis>
. Coupling setae of pleopod 2.
<emphasis id="B96C5265924CFFD6FDD65E845217F80C" bold="true" box="[569,590,1999,2025]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">C</emphasis>
. Uropod 1.
<emphasis id="B96C5265924CFFD6FD345E8452A9F80C" bold="true" box="[731,752,1999,2025]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">D</emphasis>
. Uropod 2.
<emphasis id="B96C5265924CFFD6FC925E8453E8F80C" bold="true" box="[893,945,1999,2025]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">E–F</emphasis>
. Uropod 3.
<emphasis id="B96C5265924CFFD6FBD15E84540CF80C" bold="true" box="[1086,1109,1999,2025]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">G</emphasis>
. Telson.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BA78E77924DFFD7FF525B2E5377FCEE" blockId="9.[189,1399,613,779]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
MOUTH PARTS (typical gammarid,
<figureCitation id="132392F2924DFFD7FDAB5B2E52D5FD9A" box="[580,652,613,639]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="7.[187,230,1927,1953]" captionTargetBox="[217,1375,277,1879]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[201,1395,259,1887]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Fig. 5. Anopogammarus birsteini Derzhavin, 1945. ♀, 9.0 mm, X44039/Cr-1645-FEFU. A. Antenna 1. B. Antenna 2. C–D. Palmar margins of gnathopods 1 and 2 propodi. E. Maxilla 1. F. Outer plate of maxilla 1. G. Palp of right maxilla 1." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3805949" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3805949/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Figs 5</figureCitation>
E–G). Maxilla 1 palp longer than outer plate, distal article with 5 apical and 2 sub-apical setae (both palps asymmetric, right palp broader, with 4–5 strong spines and 2 plumose setae on apex and 1–2 setae on outer margin); outer plate with 12–14 spines (5 poorly toothed and 9 multi-toothed); inner plate trapezoidal, with 12 plumose setae. Foregut lateralia with 13 strong pectinate spines and densely setose row of stiff setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA78E77924DFFD7FF525A78552FFB48" blockId="9.[189,1399,819,1197]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
GNATHOPODS 1–2 (
<figureCitation id="132392F2924DFFD7FE645A785197FCA8" box="[395,462,819,845]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="7.[187,230,1927,1953]" captionTargetBox="[217,1375,277,1879]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[201,1395,259,1887]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Fig. 5. Anopogammarus birsteini Derzhavin, 1945. ♀, 9.0 mm, X44039/Cr-1645-FEFU. A. Antenna 1. B. Antenna 2. C–D. Palmar margins of gnathopods 1 and 2 propodi. E. Maxilla 1. F. Outer plate of maxilla 1. G. Palp of right maxilla 1." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3805949" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3805949/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
C–D). Gnathopod 1: propodus almond-shaped, palm convex, with cutting margin acanthaceous and 2× longer than posterior margin; along posterior margin two sets of simple setae; antero-distal group of anterior margin with 10 setae; palmar margin with short, notched setae along outer and inner faces, palmar angle undefined, a group of 10 distally-notched strong spines on both faces (with 2 strong mid-palmar spines in the place where tip of nail close); nail long, 0.25× total length of dactylus, 1 seta along anterior margin, with 4 setules at hinge. Gnathopod 2: propodus small (compared to the body) and slightly larger than propodus of gnathopod 1; propodus almond-shaped, palm convex, with cutting margin acanthaceous and as long as posterior margin; posterior margin with 6 sets of stiff setae; antero-distal group of anterior margin with 10 setae; palmar margin with short, notched setae along outer and inner faces, palmar angle undefined, a group of 8 distally-notched strong spines on both faces (with 2 strong mid-palmar spines in the place where tip of nail close); dactylus similar to that of gnathopod 1.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA78E77924DFFD7FF525D9F5338FAD0" blockId="9.[189,1399,1236,1333]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
PLEOPODS (
<figureCitation id="132392F2924DFFD7FED65D9F5127FB0B" box="[313,382,1236,1262]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[189,232,1964,1990]" captionTargetBox="[211,1383,1005,1908]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[189,1398,990,1925]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 6. Anopogammarus birsteini Derzhavin, 1945. ♀, 9.0 mm, X44039/Cr-1645-FEFU. A. Pleopod 2. B. Coupling setae of pleopod 2. C. Uropod 1. D. Uropod 2. E–F. Uropod 3. G. Telson." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3805953" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3805953/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
A–B). Pleopods 1–3 sub-equal, each with 2 coupling setae (retinacula) accompanied by 1–3 stiff setae; peduncular articles fringed with long, thin setae; proximal article of inner rami fringed with 4 setae. Pleopods 1–3 rami with 15–19 articles each.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA78E77924DFFD7FF525C175296F989" blockId="9.[189,1399,1372,1644]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
UROPODS (
<figureCitation id="132392F2924DFFD7FED95C1751C2FA93" box="[310,411,1372,1398]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[189,232,1857,1883]" captionTargetBox="[239,1352,268,1805]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[229,1365,265,1813]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 4. — A–D. Anopogammarus birsteini Derzhavin, 1945. ♀, 9.0 mm, X44039/Cr-1645-FEFU: A. Habitus from left side. B. Urosome. C. Head. D. Metasomal and urosomal segments with telson. — E–G. Zenkevitchia sandroruffoi sp. nov. Paratype, ♀, 6.3 mm, X44045/Cr-1651-FEFU. E. Lateralia. F. Head. G. Urosome. — H–K. Adaugammarus pilosus sp. nov. Holotype, ♀, 13.5 mm, X44046/Cr- 1652-FEFU. H. Lateralia. I. Head. J. Urosome. K. Lateralia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3805945" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3805945/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Figs 4A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="132392F2924DFFD7FE455C1751E1FA93" box="[426,440,1372,1398]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[189,232,1964,1990]" captionTargetBox="[211,1383,1005,1908]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[189,1398,990,1925]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 6. Anopogammarus birsteini Derzhavin, 1945. ♀, 9.0 mm, X44039/Cr-1645-FEFU. A. Pleopod 2. B. Coupling setae of pleopod 2. C. Uropod 1. D. Uropod 2. E–F. Uropod 3. G. Telson." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3805953" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3805953/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">6</figureCitation>
C–F). Uropod 1 protopodite with 1 basofacial spine, 3 dorso-lateral spines and 2 dorso-medial spines; exopodite as long as endopodite; rami straight, with single spines along outer margins; both with 5 spines apically and sub-apically (two of them strong). Uropod 2 endopodite slightly shorter than exopodite. Uropod 3 protopodite with 3 groups of spines on apex; endopodite as long as protopodite, with 1 spine and 7 long setae apically; exopodite 2-articulated, about 2.2× longer than protopodite, with 3 groups of lateral spines, 6 groups of long simple setae along inner margin; proximal article with 4 spines and about 10 long setae on apex, terminal article short, 0.09× as long as proximal article, with 6 long simple setae sub-apically.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C302DDFC924DFFD4FF525FDF549FFC7D" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BA78E77924DFFD7FF525FDF518DF94B" blockId="9.[189,468,1684,1710]" box="[189,468,1684,1710]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<heading id="D0EF391B924DFFD7FF525FDF518DF94B" bold="true" box="[189,468,1684,1710]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B96C5265924DFFD7FF525FDF518DF94B" bold="true" box="[189,468,1684,1710]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Discussion of affinities</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA78E77924DFFD4FF525F89555EFE31" blockId="9.[189,1399,1730,2003]" lastBlockId="10.[189,1399,266,469]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
Describing the monotypic genus
<taxonomicName id="4C18F5F4924DFFD7FDD75F8F538AF939" authority="Derzhavin (1945)" authorityName="Derzhavin" authorityYear="1945" box="[568,979,1730,1758]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Anopogammarus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96C5265924DFFD7FDD75F8F5359F93B" box="[568,768,1732,1758]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Anopogammarus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF89F386924DFFD7FCEA5F89538AF939" author="Derzhavin" box="[773,979,1730,1756]" firstAuthor="Derzhavin" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="27 - 43" refId="ref12954" refString="Derzhavin A. N. 1945. The subterranean Amphipoda of Transcaucasus. Bulletin of the Academy of Sciences of Azerbaijan SSR 8: 27 - 43. [in Russian, with English summary]" type="journal article" year="1945">Derzhavin (1945)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
noted a lack of eyes in
<taxonomicName id="4C18F5F4924DFFD7FB365F8F5500F939" authorityName="Derzhavin" authorityYear="1945" box="[1241,1369,1730,1758]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Anopogammarus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="birsteini">
<emphasis id="B96C5265924DFFD7FB365F8F5500F939" box="[1241,1369,1730,1758]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">A. birsteini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as the only difference from the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C18F5F4924DFFD7FDB75FAC5283F8E4" baseAuthorityName="Stock" baseAuthorityYear="1973" box="[600,730,1767,1793]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tanaidacea" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96C5265924DFFD7FDB75FAC5283F8E4" box="[600,730,1767,1793]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Gammarus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and considered this feature characteristic. Later,
<bibRefCitation id="EF89F386924DFFD7FAF55FAD5192F8C6" author="Birstein &amp; Ljovuschkin" firstAuthor="Birstein" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="1471 - 1487" refId="ref12698" refString="Birstein J. A. &amp; Ljovuschkin S. I. 1970. Biospeologica Sovietica 41. Genera of Amphipoda endemic for Transcaucasus. Zoologichesky Zhurnal 49: 1471 - 1487. [in Russian, with English summary]" type="journal article" year="1970">
Birstein &amp; Ljovuschkin (
<date id="FFA6A8B7924DFFD7FE695E42519AF8C6" box="[390,451,1801,1827]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" value="1970">1970</date>
)
</bibRefCitation>
re-described
<taxonomicName id="4C18F5F4924DFFD7FD9B5E4153F3F8C6" authorityName="Derzhavin" authorityYear="1945" box="[628,938,1801,1828]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Anopogammarus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="birsteini">
<emphasis id="B96C5265924DFFD7FD9B5E4153F3F8C6" box="[628,938,1801,1828]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Anopogammarus birsteini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in detail and considered this species, along with
<taxonomicName id="4C18F5F4924DFFD7FEAD5E67529FF8A3" authority="Absolon, 1927" authorityName="Absolon" authorityYear="1927" box="[322,710,1836,1863]" class="Malacostraca" family="Typhlogammaridae" genus="Metohia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carinata">
<emphasis id="B96C5265924DFFD7FEAD5E675256F8A2" box="[322,527,1836,1863]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Metohia carinata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF89F386924DFFD7FDF95E67529FF8A3" author="Absolon" box="[534,710,1836,1862]" firstAuthor="Absolon" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="290 - 295" refId="ref12407" refString="Absolon Ch. 1927. Les grandes amphipodes aveugles dans les grottes balkaniques. Comptes rendues du Congres de Constantine, Association Francaise pour l'Avancement des Sciences, Paris 51: 290 - 295." type="journal article" year="1927">Absolon, 1927</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, as derived from
<taxonomicName id="4C18F5F4924DFFD7FC7B5E66544FF8A2" baseAuthorityName="Stock" baseAuthorityYear="1973" box="[916,1046,1837,1863]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tanaidacea" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96C5265924DFFD7FC7B5E66544FF8A2" box="[916,1046,1837,1863]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Gammarus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, implying a subgeneric status for the genera
<taxonomicName id="4C18F5F4924DFFD7FE9F5E1B5261F88F" authorityName="Derzhavin" authorityYear="1945" box="[368,568,1872,1898]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Anopogammarus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96C5265924DFFD7FE9F5E1B5261F88F" box="[368,568,1872,1898]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Anopogammarus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C18F5F4924DFFD7FD975E045283F88C" authorityName="Absolon" authorityYear="1927" box="[632,730,1871,1897]" class="Malacostraca" family="Typhlogammaridae" genus="Metohia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96C5265924DFFD7FD975E045283F88C" box="[632,730,1871,1897]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Metohia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. However, according to their view,
<taxonomicName id="4C18F5F4924DFFD7FB7F5E04552EF88F" authorityName="Birstein &amp; Ljovuschkin" authorityYear="1970" box="[1168,1399,1871,1898]" class="Malacostraca" family="Typhlogammaridae" genus="Zenkevitchia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="revazi">
<emphasis id="B96C5265924DFFD7FB7F5E04552EF88F" box="[1168,1399,1871,1898]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Zenkevitchia revazi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occupies an intermediate position between the specialized
<taxonomicName id="4C18F5F4924DFFD7FC655E3954EBF869" authorityName="Birstein" authorityYear="1940" box="[906,1202,1906,1932]" class="Malacostraca" family="Typhlogammaridae" genus="Zenkevitchia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="admirabilis">
<emphasis id="B96C5265924DFFD7FC655E3954EBF869" box="[906,1202,1906,1932]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Zenkevitchia admirabilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C18F5F4924DFFD7FB1B5E3F5101F855" authority="(Stock 1973)" baseAuthorityName="Stock" baseAuthorityYear="1973" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tanaidacea" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96C5265924DFFD7FB1B5E3F552FF86B" box="[1268,1398,1908,1934]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Gammarus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF89F386924DFFD7FF2A5EDD5116F855" author="Stock" box="[197,335,1942,1968]" firstAuthor="Stock" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="339 - 341" refId="ref14233" refString="Stock J. H. 1973. The existence of interstitial members of the Gammarus - group (Amphipoda). Crustaceana 24: 339 - 341. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1163 / 156854073 X 00731" type="journal article" year="1973">Stock 1973</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. Subsequently,
<bibRefCitation id="EF89F386924DFFD7FDE45EDD5312F855" author="Karaman &amp; Barnard" box="[523,843,1942,1968]" firstAuthor="Karaman" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="106 - 165" refId="ref13555" refString="Karaman G. S. &amp; Barnard J. L. 1979. Classificatory revisions in gammaridean Amphipoda (Crustacea), part 1. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 92: 106 - 165." type="journal article" year="1979">
Karaman &amp; Barnard (
<date id="FFA6A8B7924DFFD7FCE95EDD531AF855" box="[774,835,1942,1968]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" value="1979">1979</date>
)
</bibRefCitation>
transferred
<taxonomicName id="4C18F5F4924DFFD7FC385EDC5462F855" authorityName="Birstein &amp; Ljovuschkin" authorityYear="1970" box="[983,1083,1943,1968]" class="Malacostraca" family="Typhlogammaridae" genus="Zenkevitchia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="revazi">
<emphasis id="B96C5265924DFFD7FC385EDC5462F855" box="[983,1083,1943,1968]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Z. revazi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to
<taxonomicName id="4C18F5F4924DFFD7FBB15EDC557FF854" authorityName="Derzhavin" authorityYear="1945" box="[1118,1318,1943,1969]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Anopogammarus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96C5265924DFFD7FBB15EDC557FF854" box="[1118,1318,1943,1969]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Anopogammarus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, based on the non-moplike structure of maxilla 1 and reduced palps in the former species. Later, the same authors (
<bibRefCitation id="EF89F386924EFFD4FF2A584151AFFEC1" author="Barnard &amp; Karaman" box="[197,502,266,292]" firstAuthor="Barnard" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="5 - 16" refId="ref12520" refString="Barnard J. L. &amp; Karaman G. S. 1980. Classification of gammarid Amphipoda. Crustaceana, Supplement 6: 5 - 16." type="journal article" year="1980">
Barnard &amp; Karaman
<date id="FFA6A8B7924EFFD4FE55584151AFFEC1" box="[442,502,266,292]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" value="1980">1980</date>
</bibRefCitation>
) again confirmed that
<taxonomicName id="4C18F5F4924EFFD4FD1658405398FEC0" authorityName="Derzhavin" authorityYear="1945" box="[761,961,267,293]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Anopogammarus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96C5265924EFFD4FD1658405398FEC0" box="[761,961,267,293]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Anopogammarus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, along with the rest of the taxa placed in the Family group 2 (
<taxonomicName id="4C18F5F4924EFFD4FE35586652FCFEA2" authorityName="Schaferna" authorityYear="1907" box="[474,677,301,327]" class="Malacostraca" family="Typhlogammaridae" genus="Typhlogammarus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96C5265924EFFD4FE35586652FCFEA2" box="[474,677,301,327]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Typhlogammarus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group, hypogean large gammarids)
<emphasis id="B96C5265924EFFD4FBB4586554C5FEA2" box="[1115,1180,302,327]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">sensu</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF89F386924EFFD4FB495866552BFEA2" author="Bousfield" box="[1190,1394,301,327]" firstAuthor="Bousfield" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="282 - 316" refId="ref12830" refString="Bousfield E. L. 1977. A new look at the systematics of gammaroidean amphipods of the world. Crustaceana, Supplement 4: 282 - 316." type="journal article" year="1977">Bousfield (1977)</bibRefCitation>
, has no strong distinction from the
<emphasis id="B96C5265924EFFD4FDBB581B53F6FE8F" box="[596,943,336,362]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Gammarus-Echinogammarus</emphasis>
group (see
<bibRefCitation id="EF89F386924EFFD4FBD4581B50B4FE68" author="Barnard &amp; Karaman" firstAuthor="Barnard" page="7 - 9" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="5 - 16" refId="ref12520" refString="Barnard J. L. &amp; Karaman G. S. 1980. Classification of gammarid Amphipoda. Crustaceana, Supplement 6: 5 - 16." type="journal article" year="1980">Barnard &amp; Karaman 1980: 7–9</bibRefCitation>
).
<bibRefCitation id="EF89F386924EFFD4FEEC583851C7FE68" author="Ruffo" box="[259,414,371,397]" firstAuthor="Ruffo" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="443 - 452" refId="ref13787" refString="Ruffo S. 1995. Un nuovo gammaride cavernicolo dell'Albania (Albanogammarus inguscioi n. gen. n. sp.). Bollettino del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Verona 19: 443 - 452." type="journal article" year="1995">Ruffo (1995)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="EF89F386924EFFD4FE3558385355FE68" author="Karaman &amp; Ruffo" box="[474,780,371,397]" firstAuthor="Karaman" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="157 - 171" refId="ref13593" refString="Karaman G. S. &amp; Ruffo S. 1995. Sinogammarus troglodytes n. gen. n. sp. A new troglobiont Gammarid from China (Crustacea Amphipoda). International Journal of Speleology 23: 157 - 171." type="journal article" year="1995">Karaman &amp; Ruffo (1995)</bibRefCitation>
, describing two genera of cavernicolous amphipods (
<taxonomicName id="4C18F5F4924EFFD4FF2858DD51C1FE55" authorityName="Ruffo" authorityYear="1995" box="[199,408,406,432]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Albanogammarus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96C5265924EFFD4FF2858DD51C1FE55" box="[199,408,406,432]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Albanogammarus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C18F5F4924EFFD4FE3E58DC52D8FE54" authorityName="Karaman &amp; Ruffo" authorityYear="1995" box="[465,641,407,433]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Sinogammarus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96C5265924EFFD4FE3E58DC52D8FE54" box="[465,641,407,433]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Sinogammarus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingCountry id="F30FCEE7924EFFD4FD2858DD537DFE55" box="[711,804,406,432]" name="Albania" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Albania</collectingCountry>
and Southwest
<collectingCountry id="F30FCEE7924EFFD4FC3058DD5471FE55" box="[991,1064,406,432]" name="China" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">China</collectingCountry>
, respectively), discussed the position of the new taxa in depth and hypothesized an obvious affinity with
<taxonomicName id="4C18F5F4924EFFD4FBD858F054A6FE30" authorityName="Derzhavin" authorityYear="1945" box="[1079,1279,443,469]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Anopogammarus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96C5265924EFFD4FBD858F054A6FE30" box="[1079,1279,443,469]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Anopogammarus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA78E77924EFFD4FF5258B0549FFC7D" blockId="10.[189,1399,507,920]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
The revision of the group cannot be considered as completed, because the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C18F5F4924EFFD4FB4158B7552FFDF3" authorityName="Derzhavin" authorityYear="1945" box="[1198,1398,508,534]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Anopogammarus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96C5265924EFFD4FB4158B7552FFDF3" box="[1198,1398,508,534]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Anopogammarus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is heterogeneous and needs to be split. We propose transferring
<taxonomicName id="4C18F5F4924EFFD4FC2E5B545483FDDC" baseAuthorityName="Birstein &amp; Levuschkin" baseAuthorityYear="1970" box="[961,1242,543,569]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Anopogammarus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="revazi">
<emphasis id="B96C5265924EFFD4FC2E5B545483FDDC" box="[961,1242,543,569]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Anopogammarus revazi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C18F5F4924EFFD4FF525B0A510AFDBE" authorityName="Birstein" authorityYear="1940" box="[189,339,577,603]" class="Malacostraca" family="Typhlogammaridae" genus="Zenkevitchia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96C5265924EFFD4FF525B0A510AFDBE" box="[189,339,577,603]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Zenkevitchia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C18F5F4924EFFD4FE855B0A538FFDBE" authority="Birstein &amp; Ljovuschkin, 1970" authorityName="Birstein &amp; Ljovuschkin" authorityYear="1970" box="[362,982,577,604]" class="Malacostraca" family="Typhlogammaridae" genus="Zenkevitchia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="revazi">
<emphasis id="B96C5265924EFFD4FE855B0A520CFDB9" box="[362,597,577,604]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Zenkevitchia revazi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF89F386924EFFD4FD8D5B0A538FFDBE" author="Birstein &amp; Ljovuschkin" box="[610,982,577,603]" firstAuthor="Birstein" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="1471 - 1487" refId="ref12698" refString="Birstein J. A. &amp; Ljovuschkin S. I. 1970. Biospeologica Sovietica 41. Genera of Amphipoda endemic for Transcaucasus. Zoologichesky Zhurnal 49: 1471 - 1487. [in Russian, with English summary]" type="journal article" year="1970">Birstein &amp; Ljovuschkin, 1970</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, comb. resurr.) and to the newly proposed group (
<taxonomicName id="4C18F5F4924EFFD4FE6E5B2E524AFD9A" authorityName="Sidorov &amp; Gontcharov &amp; Sharina" authorityYear="2015" box="[385,531,613,639]" class="Malacostraca" family="Typhlogammaridae" genus="Zenkevitchia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sandroruffoi">
<emphasis id="B96C5265924EFFD4FE6E5B2E524AFD9A" box="[385,531,613,639]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">sandroruffoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-group). The monotypic genus
<taxonomicName id="4C18F5F4924EFFD4FC995B2D5467FD65" authorityName="Derzhavin" authorityYear="1945" box="[886,1086,614,640]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Anopogammarus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96C5265924EFFD4FC995B2D5467FD65" box="[886,1086,614,640]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Anopogammarus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
based on
<taxonomicName id="4C18F5F4924EFFD4FB415B2D51B7FD47" authority="Derzhavin, 1945" authorityName="Derzhavin" authorityYear="1945" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Anopogammarus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="birsteini">
<emphasis id="B96C5265924EFFD4FB415B2D5146FD47" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Anopogammarus birsteini</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF89F386924EFFD4FEC85BC351B7FD47" author="Derzhavin" box="[295,494,648,674]" firstAuthor="Derzhavin" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="27 - 43" refId="ref12954" refString="Derzhavin A. N. 1945. The subterranean Amphipoda of Transcaucasus. Bulletin of the Academy of Sciences of Azerbaijan SSR 8: 27 - 43. [in Russian, with English summary]" type="journal article" year="1945">Derzhavin, 1945</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, however, should be considered a component of the family
<taxonomicName id="4C18F5F4924EFFD4FB5E5BC35515FD47" authorityName="Leach" authorityYear="1814" box="[1201,1356,648,674]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Gammaridae</taxonomicName>
. As the above-mentioned authors, we believe that the monotypic genus
<taxonomicName id="4C18F5F4924EFFD4FC195BE754E7FD23" authorityName="Derzhavin" authorityYear="1945" box="[1014,1214,684,710]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Anopogammarus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96C5265924EFFD4FC195BE754E7FD23" box="[1014,1214,684,710]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Anopogammarus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has an affinity to
<taxonomicName id="4C18F5F4924EFFD4FF315B8551F6FD0D" authorityName="Ruffo" authorityYear="1995" box="[222,431,718,744]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Albanogammarus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96C5265924EFFD4FF315B8551F6FD0D" box="[222,431,718,744]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Albanogammarus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C18F5F4924EFFD4FE015B8452C7FD0C" authorityName="Karaman &amp; Ruffo" authorityYear="1995" box="[494,670,719,745]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Sinogammarus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96C5265924EFFD4FE015B8452C7FD0C" box="[494,670,719,745]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Sinogammarus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. This assumption is based on the following shared features: the structure of the anterior margin of the cephalon (lateral interantennal lobes slightly subquadrate); powerful dorsal armament of urosomal segments; antenna 1 with small aesthetascs in males (? lacking in
<taxonomicName id="4C18F5F4924EFFD4FF525A7351D7FCB7" authorityName="Ruffo" authorityYear="1995" box="[189,398,824,850]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Albanogammarus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96C5265924EFFD4FF525A7351D7FCB7" box="[189,398,824,850]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Albanogammarus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); calceoli on antenna 2 absent; article 1 of antenna 2 being rather large, bearing short setae, and antennal gland cone short; structure of maxilla 1 (outer plate with multi-toothed non-falcate spines and palps clearly asymmetric); uropod 3 long and with 2-articulated outer ramus.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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