209 lines
24 KiB
XML
209 lines
24 KiB
XML
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<mods:titleInfo id="FCE46B3D4314554415EED951024CB394">
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<mods:title id="EA779AC0C81DCB77158850EF85FEC11A">Spalacidae</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="6E0F9B1A9E78592A65F60489B912DAE5">Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="C9FC85996CD552245576774006AB20A9">Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="C6F60BD4C37073E01EA1A3F5C1D7CE2E">Thomas E. Lacher, Jr</mods:namePart>
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<mods:dateIssued id="19513C72812DDD0B692AD9286DF324DB">2017</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther id="021D6D5E75A4D9F8EFC79CD2A080AFAC" type="pubDate">2017-11-30</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher id="59435AAE5DBA09BEF1707D0EC582867F">Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:placeTerm id="99C3F9C5AF2DB6B00CBDBF35815B3D82">Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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<mods:titleInfo id="64A66F0FCD6D2219FF60AC80B85187AA">
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<mods:title id="34FF6599CBF400C50B392BEB137FF195">Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 7 Rodents II</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03AE87DDFF98BD14FFEBFB1BF7F7FDA4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6608846" ID-GBIF-Taxon="195728730" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6608846" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AE87DDFF98BD14FFEBFB1BF7F7FDA4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AE87DDFF98BD14FFEBFB1BF7F7FDA4" lastPageNumber="133" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">
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<subSubSection id="C31D6540FF98BD14FFEBFB1BFF10FB78" box="[108,139,1188,1234]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="8BB836CBFF98BD14FFEBFB1BFF10FB78" blockId="4.[105,910,1188,1277]" box="[108,139,1188,1234]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">
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<heading id="D0F081A7FF98BD14FFEBFB1BFF10FB78" box="[108,139,1188,1234]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">
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<figureCitation id="133C2A4EFF98BD14FFEBFB1BFF10FB78" box="[108,139,1188,1234]" captionStart="Plate 5: Spalacidae" captionStartId="2.[102,132,3298,3323]" captionTargetBox="[14,2754,13,3646]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="1. Altai Zokor (Myospalax myospalax), 2. Steppe Zokor (Myospalax aspalax), 3. Armand’s Zokor (Mpyospalax armandii), 4. Manchurian Zokor (Myospalax psilurus), 5. Khingan Zokor (Myospalax epsilanus), 6. Fontanier’s Zokor (FEospalax fontaniern), 7. Gansu Zokor (Fospalax cansus), 8. Qinling Zokor (Fospalax rufescens), 9. Plateau Zokor (FEospalax bailey), 10. Rothschild’s Zokor (Eospalax rothschildi), 11. Smith’s Zokor (Eospalax smithu), 12. Chinese Bamboo Rat (Rhizomys sinensis), 13. Hoary Bamboo Rat (Rhizomys pruinosus), 14. Indomalayan Bamboo Rat (Rhizomys sumatrensis), 15. Lesser Bamboo Rat (Cannomys badius), 16. African Root Rat (Tachyoryctes splendens), 17. Giant Root Rat (Tachyoryctes macrocephalus), 18. Oltenia Blind Mole-rat (Spalax istricus), 19. Mehely’s Blind Mole-rat (Spalax antiquus), 20. Bukovina Blind Mole-rat (Spalax graecus), 21. Podolsk Blind Mole-rat (Spalax zemni), 22. Sandy Blind Mole-rat (Spalax arenarius), 23. Greater Blind Mole-rat (Spalax microphthalmus), 24. Giant Blind Mole-rat (Spalax giganteus), 25. Kazakhstan Blind Mole-rat (Spalax uralensis), 26. Lesser Blind Mole-rat (Nannospalax leucodon), 27. Anatolian Blind Mole-rat (Nannospalax xanthodon), 28. Middle East Blind Mole-rat (Nannospalax ehrenbergi)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6609169" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6609169/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">7.</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31D6540FF98BD14FF1AFB1BFE37FB78" box="[157,428,1188,1234]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="8BB836CBFF98BD14FF1AFB1BFE37FB78" blockId="4.[105,910,1188,1277]" box="[157,428,1188,1234]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">
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<heading id="D0F081A7FF98BD14FF1AFB1BFE37FB78" box="[157,428,1188,1234]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">
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<vernacularName id="050446E5FF98BD14FF1AFB1BFE37FB78" box="[157,428,1188,1234]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">Gansu Zokor</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31D6540FF98BD14FE77FB1BFC8EFB78" box="[496,789,1188,1234]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" type="nomenclature">
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||
<paragraph id="8BB836CBFF98BD14FE77FB1BFC8EFB78" blockId="4.[105,910,1188,1277]" box="[496,789,1188,1234]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">
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<heading id="D0F081A7FF98BD14FE77FB1BFC8EFB78" box="[496,789,1188,1234]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">
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<taxonomicName id="4C074D48FF98BD14FE77FB1BFC8EFB78" ID-CoL="456CQ" baseAuthorityName="Lyon" baseAuthorityYear="1907" box="[496,789,1188,1234]" class="Mammalia" family="Spalacidae" genus="Eospalax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cansus">
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<emphasis id="B973EAD9FF98BD14FE77FB1BFC8EFB78" box="[496,789,1188,1234]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">Eospalax cansus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31D6540FF98BD14FFEDFB5BFC16FB53" box="[106,909,1252,1273]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="8BB836CBFF98BD14FFEDFB5BFC16FB53" blockId="4.[105,910,1188,1277]" box="[106,909,1252,1273]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">
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<heading id="D0F081A7FF98BD14FFEDFB5BFC16FB53" box="[106,909,1252,1273]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">
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<emphasis id="B973EAD9FF98BD14FFEDFB5BFF2DFB53" bold="true" box="[106,182,1252,1273]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="050446E5FF98BD14FF39FB5BFEC0FB53" box="[190,347,1252,1273]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">Zokor du Gansu</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="B973EAD9FF98BD14FEF7FB5BFE51FB53" bold="true" box="[368,458,1252,1273]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="050446E5FF98BD14FE53FB5BFDEDFB53" box="[468,630,1252,1273]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">Gansu-Blindmull</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="B973EAD9FF98BD14FD0CFB5BFD7DFB53" bold="true" box="[651,742,1252,1273]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="050446E5FF98BD14FD77FB5BFC16FB53" box="[752,909,1252,1273]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">Zocor de Gansu</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31D6540FF98BD14FD4AFA97FA80FAE3" box="[717,1307,1320,1353]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" type="reference_group">
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||
<paragraph id="8BB836CBFF98BD14FD4AFA97FA80FAE3" blockId="4.[713,1312,1320,1746]" box="[717,1307,1320,1353]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">
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<emphasis id="B973EAD9FF98BD14FD4AFA97FCF3FAE3" bold="true" box="[717,872,1320,1353]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C074D48FF98BD14FCF9FA97FA8CFAE3" ID-CoL="456CQ" authority="Lyon, 1907" authorityName="Lyon" authorityYear="1907" box="[894,1303,1320,1353]" class="Mammalia" family="Spalacidae" genus="Myotalpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cansus">Myotalpa cansus Lyon, 1907</taxonomicName>
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,
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31D6540FF98BD14FD49FAECFC31FA3D" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BB836CBFF98BD14FD49FAECFC31FA3D" blockId="4.[713,1312,1320,1746]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">
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<materialsCitation id="3B6F3C96FF98BD14FD49FAECFC31FA3D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3802165305" country="China" location="Taocheo" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kan-su">
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“
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<location id="8ED86010FF98BD14FD5FFAECFCCAFADA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AE87DDFF98BD14FFEBFB1BF7F7FDA4:8ED86010FF98BD14FD5FFAECFCCAFADA" box="[728,849,1363,1392]" country="China" name="Taocheo" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" stateProvince="Kan-su">Taocheo</location>
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[= Chaozhou],
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<collectingRegion id="49C3F829FF98BD14FBC9FAECFB36FADA" box="[1102,1197,1363,1392]" country="China" name="Gansu" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">Kan-su</collectingRegion>
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, northwestern
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<collectingCountry id="F310765BFF98BD14FCC5FAC9FC03FA3D" box="[834,920,1398,1431]" name="China" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">China</collectingCountry>
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.”
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31D6540FF98BD14FD4BFA21FB26F79E" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BB836CBFF98BD14FD4BFA21FB26F79E" blockId="4.[713,1312,1320,1746]" lastBlockId="4.[101,1311,1752,3479]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">
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Although O. Thomas and others had treated them as a separate species, G. M. Allen in 1940 included
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<taxonomicName id="4C074D48FF98BD14FC4EFA52FB85F9A4" authorityName="Lyon" authorityYear="1907" box="[969,1054,1517,1550]" class="Mammalia" family="Spalacidae" genus="Myotalpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cansus">cansus</taxonomicName>
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as a subspecies of Jfontaniern and treated
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<taxonomicName id="4C074D48FF98BD14FB91F9ABFB1DF99F" box="[1046,1158,1556,1589]" class="Mammalia" family="Spalacidae" genus="Eospalax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rufescens">rufescens</taxonomicName>
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as a synonym of
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<taxonomicName id="4C074D48FF98BD14FCC7F982FC0EF9F4" authorityName="Lyon" authorityYear="1907" box="[832,917,1597,1630]" class="Mammalia" family="Spalacidae" genus="Myotalpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cansus">cansus</taxonomicName>
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. Many references to E. fontaniern in the literature pertain to the better-studied FE.
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<taxonomicName id="4C074D48FF98BD14FC4CF937FBBAF903" authorityName="Lyon" authorityYear="1907" box="[971,1057,1672,1705]" class="Mammalia" family="Spalacidae" genus="Myotalpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cansus">cansus</taxonomicName>
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. In recent years, various studies have supported treating
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<taxonomicName id="4C074D48FF98BD14FFEFF967FF7CF953" authorityName="Lyon" authorityYear="1907" box="[104,231,1752,1785]" class="Mammalia" family="Spalacidae" genus="Myotalpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cansus">E. cansus</taxonomicName>
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as a distinct species from
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<taxonomicName id="4C074D48FF98BD14FDEEF967FC8DF953" box="[617,790,1752,1785]" class="Mammalia" family="Spalacidae" genus="Siphneus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fontanierii">E. fontanierii</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C074D48FF98BD14FCAEF967FC58F953" box="[809,963,1752,1785]" class="Mammalia" family="Spalacidae" genus="Eospalax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rufescens">E. rufescens</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName id="4C074D48FF98BD14FB90F967FB0BF953" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1911" box="[1047,1168,1752,1785]" class="Mammalia" family="Spalacidae" genus="Eospalax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="baileyi">E. baileyi</taxonomicName>
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based on mtDNA, cranial morphology, molar shape, hair morphology, and features of internal organs. Molecular data are inconclusive about affinities of
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<taxonomicName id="4C074D48FF98BD14FC30F898FBAEF8E2" authorityName="Lyon" authorityYear="1907" box="[951,1077,1831,1864]" class="Mammalia" family="Spalacidae" genus="Myotalpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cansus">E. cansus</taxonomicName>
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within
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<taxonomicName id="4C074D48FF98BD14FB25F898FA8EF8E2" authorityName="G. M. Allen" authorityYear="1940" box="[1186,1301,1831,1864]" class="Mammalia" family="Spalacidae" genus="Eospalax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Eospalax</taxonomicName>
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, but it does not appear to be closely related to
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<taxonomicName id="4C074D48FF98BD14FD58F8F1FC12F8C5" box="[735,905,1870,1903]" class="Mammalia" family="Spalacidae" genus="Siphneus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fontanierii">E. fontanierii</taxonomicName>
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. Three distinct mitochondrial clades of
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<taxonomicName id="4C074D48FF98BD14FE8DF8C1FE1EF83D" authorityName="Lyon" authorityYear="1907" box="[266,389,1918,1943]" class="Mammalia" family="Spalacidae" genus="Myotalpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cansus">E. cansus</taxonomicName>
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have been identified that correspond to central Shaanxi; Ningxia and south-eastern Gansu; and eastern Qinghai and south-western Gansu. These appear to roughly correspond to groupings recovered based on morphometric analysis of Lu Qingbin and colleagues in 2013. Additional research is required to determine if
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<taxonomicName id="4C074D48FF98BD14FFEFF7ACFF78F79E" authorityName="Lyon" authorityYear="1907" box="[104,227,2067,2100]" class="Mammalia" family="Spalacidae" genus="Myotalpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cansus">E. cansus</taxonomicName>
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warrants division into subspecies or even multiple species. Monotypic.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31D6540FF98BD14FFEFF7FCFB1EF7F6" box="[104,1157,2115,2140]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" type="multiple">
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<caption id="DF786643FF98BD14FFEFF7FCFB1EF7F6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6609120" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6609120" box="[104,1157,2115,2140]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6609120/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" targetBox="[102,693,1328,1742]" targetPageId="4">
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<paragraph id="8BB836CBFF98BD14FFEFF7FCFB1EF7F6" blockId="4.[101,1311,1752,3479]" box="[104,1157,2115,2140]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">
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||
<emphasis id="B973EAD9FF98BD14FFEFF7FCFE8CF7F6" bold="true" box="[104,279,2115,2140]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">Distribution.</emphasis>
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Gansu, Ningxia, Shaanxi, Sichuan, and Hubei (C & E China).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31D6540FF98BD14FFEFF7DDFE1BF6C5" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BB836CBFF98BD14FFEFF7DDFE1BF6C5" blockId="4.[101,1311,1752,3479]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">
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<emphasis id="B973EAD9FF98BD14FFEFF7DDFEF8F729" bold="true" box="[104,355,2146,2179]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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Head-body 155-230 mm, tail 33-66 mm; weight 150-430 g. Male Gansu Zokors are larger than females, and populations at higher elevations tend to be larger. The Gansu Zokoris brownish, although slightly darker than Fontanier’s Zokor (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C074D48FF98BD14FFF2F766FEBFF750" box="[117,292,2265,2298]" class="Mammalia" family="Spalacidae" genus="Siphneus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fontanierii">E. fontanierii</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Hairs are dark gray at bases. Unlike Fontanier’s Zokor, the Gansu Zokor usually lacks white blaze; when present, it is small. Tail and feet are sparsely haired. Immature individuals are gray. Median occipital crest is well-developed, and M? has two re-entrant folds.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31D6540FF98BD14FFE0F6C8FB67F64D" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB836CBFF98BD14FFE0F6C8FB67F64D" blockId="4.[101,1311,1752,3479]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAD9FF98BD14FFE0F6C8FF4DF632" bold="true" box="[103,214,2423,2456]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">Habitat.</emphasis>
|
||
Grassland, shrub-steppe, and forest at elevations of 1500-2500 m on the Loess Plateau. Burrows of Gansu Zokors have been excavated in areas with high concentrations of grasses, sagebrush (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C074D48FF98BD14FE6BF679FDF2F64D" box="[492,617,2502,2535]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Artemisia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Artemisia</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C074D48FF98BD14FDF0F679FC8EF64D" box="[631,789,2502,2535]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
), and thyme (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C074D48FF98BD14FC5EF679FBD9F64D" box="[985,1090,2502,2535]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Thymus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Thymus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C074D48FF98BD14FBD5F679FB74F64D" box="[1106,1263,2502,2535]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Lamiaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31D6540FF98BD14FFE0F652FC6BF5A4" box="[103,1008,2541,2574]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" type="food_feeding">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB836CBFF98BD14FFE0F652FC6BF5A4" blockId="4.[101,1311,1752,3479]" box="[103,1008,2541,2574]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAD9FF98BD14FFE0F652FEF7F5A4" bold="true" box="[103,364,2541,2574]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
|
||
Gansu Zokors eat underground plant matter.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31D6540FF98BD14FFE0F5AAFC3FF550" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" type="breeding">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB836CBFF98BD14FFE0F5AAFC3FF550" blockId="4.[101,1311,1752,3479]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAD9FF98BD14FFE0F5AAFF76F59C" bold="true" box="[103,237,2581,2614]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">Breeding.</emphasis>
|
||
Ganu Zokors breed primarily in April-July. As breeding approaches, males consume more food and increase digging activity, and their testes descend. When a captive male was placed in shared spaces with a female, the two initially acted aggressively, began to act more amicably, and finally mated. Courtship lasts ¢.25 days. Mating bouts appear to be most common in morning, last 10-30 minutes, and can continue for 8-10 days. Litter sizes are 1-5 young, usually 2-3 young.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31D6540FF98BD14FFE2F4BEFA8CF488" box="[101,1303,2817,2850]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" type="activity">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB836CBFF98BD14FFE2F4BEFA8CF488" blockId="4.[101,1311,1752,3479]" box="[101,1303,2817,2850]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAD9FF98BD14FFE2F4BEFECBF488" bold="true" box="[101,336,2817,2850]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
|
||
When walking, claws of Gansu Zokors are folded undersoles offeet.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31D6540FF98BD14FFE0F497FB43F3F6" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB836CBFF98BD14FFE0F497FB43F3F6" blockId="4.[101,1311,1752,3479]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAD9FF98BD14FFE0F497FCB6F4E3" bold="true" box="[103,813,2856,2889]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
|
||
The Gansu Zokor lives almost entirely underground. Communication occurs seismically via call and head drumming; they squeal when frightened. Individuals clearly know status of neighboring individuals. If an individual is removed,its territory will be quickly occupied. This behavior appears to allow individuals to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C074D48FF98BD14FDADF47AFCBFF44C" box="[554,804,3013,3046]" form="overlapping" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" rank="form">form overlapping</taxonomicName>
|
||
burrow systems, allowing mates to find each other. Males have larger tunnel systems than females and are more aggressive. Predators include the Mountain Weasel (Mustela altaica) and the Steppe Polecat (M. eversmanii). Remains of the Gansu Zokor have also been found in owl pellets.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31D6540FF98BD14FFE0F3DCFD01F23D" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB836CBFF98BD14FFE0F3DCFD01F23D" blockId="4.[101,1311,1752,3479]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAD9FF98BD14FFE0F3DCFE5AF32E" bold="true" box="[103,449,3171,3204]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
|
||
Not assessed on The [UCN Red List. Classified as least concern on the 2016 China Red List, where it is treated as a distinct species. The Gansu Zokor has a wide distribution and large population and is found in protected areas. Overgrazing is a common problem acrossits distribution, and research is needed to understand complex interactions among overgrazing, erosion, habitat restoration, and zokor activities. The Gansu Zokor is considered a pest because it is thought to exacerbate erosion and hinder forest restoration projects by feeding on seedlings. It is also an agricultural pest of several crops including soybeans.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31D6540FF98BD14FAE0FE8FF7F7FDA4" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" type="bibRefCitation_list">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB836CBFF98BD14FAE0FE8FF7F7FDA4" blockId="4.[1381,2586,304,531]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAD9FF98BD14FAE0FE8FF99BFEE3" bold="true" box="[1383,1536,304,329]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">Bibliography.</emphasis>
|
||
Allen (1940), Ellerman & Morrison-Scott (1951), Fan Naichang & Shi Yinzhu (1982), He Ya et al. (2012), Hongo et al. (1993), Jiang Zhigang et al. (2016), Lawrence (1991), Li Baoguo & Chen Fuguan (1989), Li Jingang, He Jianping & Wang Tingzheng (2001), Li Jingang, Wang Tingzheng & He Jianping (2001), Lu Qingbin et al. (2013), Musser & Carleton (2005), Norris et al. (2004), Smith & Johnston (2008a), Su Junhu et al. (2014), Thomas (1911a, 1911b), Wang Tingzheng & Li Xiaochen (1993), Wu Panwen et al. (2007), Yang Chuanhua etal. (2012), Zhang Tongzuo et al. (2013), Zhou Caiquan & Zhou Kaiya (2008).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |