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<treatment id="03ADE350B179FFE1F1CFFED88901CDAA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5259456" ID-GBIF-Taxon="193331831" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5259456" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03ADE350B179FFE1F1CFFED88901CDAA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03ADE350B179FFE1F1CFFED88901CDAA" lastPageId="107" lastPageNumber="108" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">
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<paragraph id="8BBB5246B179FFE0F1CFFED88AF4CD00" blockId="106.[151,702,331,390]" box="[151,702,331,358]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">
<heading id="D0F3E52AB179FFE0F1CFFED88AF4CD00" bold="true" box="[151,702,331,358]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B9708E54B179FFE0F1CFFED88AF4CD00" bold="true" box="[151,702,331,358]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">
34.
<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B179FFE0F19BFEDF8AF4CD00" ID-CoL="4H84N" authority="Bland, 1980" authorityName="Bland" authorityYear="1980" box="[195,702,331,358]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caudasimplex">
<emphasis id="B9708E54B179FFE0F19BFEDF8A69CD03" bold="true" box="[195,547,332,358]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Phyllonorycter caudasimplex</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF952FB7B179FFE0F373FED88AF4CD00" author="Bland" box="[555,702,331,357]" firstAuthor="Bland" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" pagination="25 - 35" refId="ref190158" refString="Bland, K. P. (1980) Nigerian Gracillariidae. Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society, 34, 25 - 35." type="journal article" year="1980">Bland, 1980</bibRefCitation>
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<paragraph id="8BBB5246B179FFE0F1CFFEFD8927CDE3" blockId="106.[151,702,331,390]" box="[151,365,366,390]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">
(
<figureCitation id="133F4EC3B179FFE0F1C7FEFD88BFCDE3" box="[159,245,366,390]" captionStart="FIGURES 75–80" captionStartId="200.[151,263,1806,1829]" captionTargetBox="[209,1376,193,1783]" captionTargetId="figure-124@200.[209,1378,193,1783]" captionTargetPageId="200" captionText="FIGURES 75–80. Adults. Scale bar 1 mm. 75, Phyllonorycter caudasimplex, holotype ♀, Nigeria, Ile-Ife, 30.xii.1971, leg. J.T.Medler, in BMNH. 76, Phyllonorycter leucaspis, paratype ♂, Namibia, Brandberg, 18.iii.2001, leg. W. Mey, specimen ID: RMCA ENT 000004446. 77, Phyllonorycter ololua, holotype ♂, Kenya, Nairobi, Ololua Forest, 23.v.1999, leg. B. Bytebier, specimen ID: RMCA ENT 000003274. 78, Phyllonorycter ruizivorus, holotype ♂, Reunion, St. Pierre, mine 02.x.1998, leg. S. Quilici, in BMNH. 79, Phyllonorycter ruizivorus, paratype ♂, Reunion, Le Port, mine 28.viii.2009, leg. J. Rochat, specimen ID: RMCA ENT 000005299. 80, Phyllonorycter trochetellus, holotype ♂, Mauritius, mine ??iv.2004, leg. C. Müller, in BMNH." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6052181" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6052181/files/figure.png" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Figs 75</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="133F4EC3B179FFE0F059FEFD8967CDE3" box="[257,301,366,390]" captionStart="FIGURES 328–329" captionStartId="259.[151,264,1921,1944]" captionTargetBox="[249,1355,184,1890]" captionTargetId="figure-95@259.[218,1369,177,1917]" captionTargetPageId="259" captionText="FIGURES 328–329. Female genitalia. Scale bar 200 µm. 328, Phyllonorycter caudasimplex, holotype, the drawing is made by Willy De Prins after the original description, examination of the genitalia prep. 21279, in BMNH and the drawing of Bland (1980: 33, fig. 2c). 329, Phyllonorycter leucaspis, paratype, the drawing is made by Willy De Prins after the original description, examination of the genitalia prep. trb 2793 in ZMHB and the drawing of Triberti (1980: 81–82, fig. 6d)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6052435" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6052435/files/figure.png" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">328</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="133F4EC3B179FFE0F061FEFD892ECDE3" box="[313,356,366,390]" captionStart="FIGURES 379–390" captionStartId="274.[151,263,1922,1945]" captionTargetBox="[226,1357,205,1889]" captionTargetId="figure-70@274.[218,1369,193,1901]" captionTargetPageId="274" captionText="FIGURES 379–390. Distribution of Afrotropical Lithocolletinae species. 379, Phyllonorycter brachylaenae. 380, Phyllonorycter dombeyae. 381, Phyllonorycter hibiscina. 382, Phyllonorycter ipomoellus. 383, Phyllonorycter turensis. 384, Phyllonorycter hibiscola. 385, Phyllonorycter lemarchandi. 386, Phyllonorycter albertinus. 387, Phyllonorycter caudasimplex. 388, Phyllonorycter leucaspis. 389, Phyllonorycter ololua. 390, Phyllonorycter didymopa." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6052491" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6052491/files/figure.png" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">387</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C31E01CDB179FFE0F1CFFE248A89CD8E" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" type="reference_group">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB147568B179FFE0F1CFFE248A89CD8E" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">
<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B179FFE0F1CFFE2489F5CDA8" ID-CoL="4H84N" authorityName="Bland" authorityYear="1980" box="[151,447,439,461]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caudasimplex">
<emphasis id="B9708E54B179FFE0F1CFFE2489F5CDA8" box="[151,447,439,461]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Phyllonorycter caudasimplex</emphasis>
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—
<treatmentCitation id="0AA57457B179FFE0F082FE258AEFCDA9" author="Bland, K. P." box="[474,677,438,460]" page="31" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" year="1980">
<bibRefCitation id="EF952FB7B179FFE0F082FE258AEFCDA9" author="Bland" box="[474,677,438,460]" firstAuthor="Bland" page="31 - 33" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" pagination="25 - 35" refId="ref190158" refString="Bland, K. P. (1980) Nigerian Gracillariidae. Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society, 34, 25 - 35." type="journal article" year="1980">Bland (1980: 31–33</bibRefCitation>
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, figs; 1e, 2c),
<treatmentCitation id="0AA57457B179FFE0F26BFE258C0ACDA9" author="Dall'Asta, U. &amp; De Prins, J. &amp; De Prins, W." box="[819,1088,438,461]" page="33" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" year="2001">
<bibRefCitation id="EF952FB7B179FFE0F26BFE258C0ACDA9" author="Dall'Asta" box="[819,1088,438,461]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Dall'Asta" page="33" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" refId="ref191504" refString="Dall'Asta, U., De Prins, J. &amp; De Prins, W. (2001) Preliminary checklist of Gracillariidae of the Afrotropical Region. Zoologische Documentatie, Koninklijk Museum voor Midden-Afrika, Tervuren, Belgie, 25, 48 pp." type="book" year="2001">
Dall’Asta
<emphasis id="B9708E54B179FFE0F2C4FE248B82CDA8" box="[924,968,439,461]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">et al</emphasis>
. (2001: 33)
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
,
<treatmentCitation id="0AA57457B179FFE0F512FE248DDDCDA9" author="De Prins, W. &amp; De Prins, J." box="[1098,1431,438,460]" page="277" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" year="2005">
<bibRefCitation id="EF952FB7B179FFE0F512FE248DDDCDA9" author="De Prins &amp; De Prins" box="[1098,1431,438,460]" firstAuthor="De Prins" page="277" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" refId="ref192296" refString="De Prins, W. &amp; De Prins, J. (2005) Gracillariidae (Lepidoptera). In: Landry, B. (Ed.), World catalogue of insects. Volume 6. Apollo Books, Stenstrup, 502 pp." type="book" year="2005">De Prins &amp; De Prins (2005: 277)</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
,
<treatmentCitation id="0AA57457B179FFE0F19FFE468994CD8E" author="Guillermet, C." box="[199,478,469,491]" page="118" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" year="2011">
<bibRefCitation id="EF952FB7B179FFE0F19FFE468994CD8E" author="Guillermet" box="[199,478,469,491]" firstAuthor="Guillermet" page="118 - 120" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" refId="ref193890" refString="Guillermet, C. (2011). Les Heteroceres, ou paillons de nuit, de l'ile de La Reunion. Parc National de La Reunion et Association N. D. P., 556 pp., 13 pls." type="book" year="2011">Guillermet (2011: 118–120</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
; figs a–d, pl. 3, fig. 2).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31E01CDB179FFE0F1CFFD8488ABCF85" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BBB5246B179FFE0F1CFFD8488ABCF85" blockId="106.[151,1439,535,2036]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">
<emphasis id="B9708E54B179FFE0F1CFFD848959CE55" bold="true" box="[151,275,535,560]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" reason="1">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B179FFE0F043FD8A8999CE55" authorityName="Bland" authorityYear="1980" box="[283,467,536,560]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caudasimplex">
<emphasis id="B9708E54B179FFE0F043FD8A8999CE55" box="[283,467,536,560]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">P. caudasimplex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is indistinguishable in wing pattern from
<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B179FFE0F2E8FD8A8C18CE55" authorityName="De Prins" authorityYear="2012" box="[944,1106,536,560]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trochetellus">
<emphasis id="B9708E54B179FFE0F2E8FD8A8C18CE55" box="[944,1106,536,560]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">P. trochetellus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B179FFE0F5D1FD8A8D53CE4A" authorityName="De Prins" authorityYear="2012" box="[1161,1305,536,560]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ruizivorus">
<emphasis id="B9708E54B179FFE0F5D1FD8A8D53CE4A" box="[1161,1305,536,560]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">P. ruizivorus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Species in this group show the main diagnostic differences in male genitalia. Male genitalia of
<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B179FFE0F5F4FDAE8D21CE31" authorityName="Bland" authorityYear="1980" box="[1196,1387,572,596]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caudasimplex">
<emphasis id="B9708E54B179FFE0F5F4FDAE8D21CE31" box="[1196,1387,572,596]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">P. caudasimplex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are unknown. Beside
<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B179FFE0F037FDF28A64CE1D" authorityName="Bland" authorityYear="1980" box="[367,558,608,632]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caudasimplex">
<emphasis id="B9708E54B179FFE0F037FDF28A64CE1D" box="[367,558,608,632]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">P. caudasimplex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
female genitalia of two
<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B179FFE0F239FDF38B86CE1D" authorityName="Triberti" authorityYear="2004" box="[865,972,608,632]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leucaspis">
<emphasis id="B9708E54B179FFE0F239FDF38B86CE1D" box="[865,972,608,632]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">leucaspis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group species are known: those of
<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B179FFE0F4DFFDF28948CEF9" authorityName="Triberti" authorityYear="2004" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leucaspis">
<emphasis id="B9708E54B179FFE0F4DFFDF28948CEF9" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">P. leucaspis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B179FFE0F019FD16899BCEF9" authorityName="De Prins" authorityYear="2012" box="[321,465,645,668]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ruizivorus">
<emphasis id="B9708E54B179FFE0F019FD16899BCEF9" box="[321,465,645,668]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">P. ruizivorus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Diagnostic features of female genitalia are defined by measuring the ratio of length of apophyses and by observing the shape of antrum. Posterior apophyses in
<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B179FFE0F558FD3A8CCCCEA5" authorityName="Triberti" authorityYear="2004" box="[1024,1158,680,704]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leucaspis">
<emphasis id="B9708E54B179FFE0F558FD3A8CCCCEA5" box="[1024,1158,680,704]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">P. leucaspis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are longer than anterior apophyses, in
<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B179FFE0F011FD5E8A40CE81" authorityName="Bland" authorityYear="1980" box="[329,522,716,740]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caudasimplex">
<emphasis id="B9708E54B179FFE0F011FD5E8A40CE81" box="[329,522,716,740]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">P. caudasimplex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
both apophyses are about of equal length and in
<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B179FFE0F5D1FD5E8D79CE81" authorityName="De Prins" authorityYear="2012" box="[1161,1331,716,740]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trochetellus">
<emphasis id="B9708E54B179FFE0F5D1FD5E8D79CE81" box="[1161,1331,716,740]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">P. trochetellus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
anterior apophyses are 1.2× longer than posterior apophyses. Antrum in
<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B179FFE0F2F8FD628C14CF6D" authorityName="Bland" authorityYear="1980" box="[928,1118,752,776]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caudasimplex">
<emphasis id="B9708E54B179FFE0F2F8FD628C14CF6D" box="[928,1118,752,776]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">P. caudasimplex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
broad rectangular shaped, almost as long as broad, antrum in
<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B179FFE0F36FFC868A96CF49" authorityName="De Prins" authorityYear="2012" box="[567,732,788,812]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trochetellus">
<emphasis id="B9708E54B179FFE0F36FFC868A96CF49" box="[567,732,788,812]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">P. trochetellus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
ca. 4× broader than long and in
<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B179FFE0F53AFC868CA6CF49" authorityName="Triberti" authorityYear="2004" box="[1122,1260,788,812]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leucaspis">
<emphasis id="B9708E54B179FFE0F53AFC868CA6CF49" box="[1122,1260,788,812]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">P. leucaspis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
it is small and rounded. Furthermore, it is the only species recorded from West Africa belonging to the
<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B179FFE0F5D3FCAB8CBCCF35" authorityName="Triberti" authorityYear="2004" box="[1163,1270,824,848]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leucaspis">
<emphasis id="B9708E54B179FFE0F5D3FCAB8CBCCF35" box="[1163,1270,824,848]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">leucaspis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group. A very large geographical distance separates this species from any other member of this group and the unique shape of antrum suggests that this species distantly related to other species in the
<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B179FFE0F2A7FC138C20CFFD" authorityName="Triberti" authorityYear="2004" box="[1023,1130,896,920]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leucaspis">
<emphasis id="B9708E54B179FFE0F2A7FC138C20CFFD" box="[1023,1130,896,920]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">leucaspis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group. No doubt that the discovery of the male will help to resolve both the diagnosis and the position of
<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B179FFE0F572FC368CA9CFD9" authorityName="Bland" authorityYear="1980" box="[1066,1251,932,956]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caudasimplex">
<emphasis id="B9708E54B179FFE0F572FC368CA9CFD9" box="[1066,1251,932,956]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">P. caudasimplex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the
<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B179FFE0F469FC378DD1CFD9" authorityName="Triberti" authorityYear="2004" box="[1329,1435,932,956]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leucaspis">
<emphasis id="B9708E54B179FFE0F469FC378DD1CFD9" box="[1329,1435,932,956]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">leucaspis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31E01CDB179FFE0F19FFC788CE9C82E" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BBB5246B179FFE0F19FFC788CE9C82E" blockId="106.[151,1439,535,2036]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">
<emphasis id="B9708E54B179FFE0F19FFC7889F9C861" bold="true" box="[199,435,1003,1028]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" reason="1">Material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B6C581BB179FFE0F0E4FC7F8CE9C82E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3464736545" collectingDate="1971-12-30" collectionCode="BMNH" collectorName="J. T. Medler'" country="Nigeria" location="Ile - Ife" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B9708E54B179FFE0F0E4FC7F8A69C861" box="[444,547,1004,1028]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">
<typeStatus id="54BFECE4B179FFE0F0E4FC7F8A69C861" box="[444,547,1004,1028]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
:
<specimenCount id="9D0299CFB179FFE0F36CFC7F8A03C866" box="[564,585,1004,1027]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
, [1] ‘Holotype’; [2] ‘
<emphasis id="B9708E54B179FFE0F21CFC788BD6C861" bold="true" box="[836,924,1003,1028]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">
<collectingCountry id="F31312D6B179FFE0F21CFC788BD6C861" box="[836,924,1003,1028]" name="Nigeria" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Nigeria</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
:
<location id="8EDB049DB179FFE0F2F6FC7F8C48C861" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03ADE350B179FFE1F1CFFED88901CDAA:8EDB049DB179FFE0F2F6FC7F8C48C861" box="[942,1026,1004,1028]" country="Nigeria" name="Ile - Ife" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Ile –Ife</location>
/ W State
<date id="FFBA7486B179FFE0F5DAFC7F8D5CC861" box="[1154,1302,1004,1028]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" value="1971-12-30">
<collectingDate id="EFFE8D6EB179FFE0F5DAFC7F8D5CC861" box="[1154,1302,1004,1028]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" value="1971-12-30">30 Dec 1971</collectingDate>
</date>
/ Col.
<collectorName id="26F13790B179FFE0F432FC7F88BCC842" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">J. T. Medler’</collectorName>
; [3] ‘Gen[italia]. slide / B. 183.’; [4] ‘Brit[ish]. Mus[eum]. / 1979-377’; [5] ‘B.[ritish] M.[useum] ♀ / Genitalia slide / No. 21279’; [6] ‘Type /
<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B179FFE0F304FBA78B4EC829" authorityName="Hubner" authorityYear="1822" box="[604,772,1076,1100]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9708E54B179FFE0F304FBA78B4EC829" box="[604,772,1076,1100]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Phyllonorycter</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
/
<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B179FFE0F241FBA78BF9C829" authorityName="Bland" authorityYear="1980" box="[793,947,1076,1100]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caudasimplex">
<emphasis id="B9708E54B179FFE0F241FBA78BF9C829" box="[793,947,1076,1100]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">caudasimplex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
/ Bland.’, in
<collectionCode id="ED15CA83B179FFE0F51FFBA78CD5C82E" box="[1095,1183,1076,1099]" collectionName="United Kingdom, London, The Natural History Museum [formerly British Museum (Natural History)]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">BMNH</collectionCode>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31E01CDB179FFE0F19FFBC48AD4CBB5" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BBB5246B179FFE0F19FFBC48B19C80A" blockId="106.[151,1439,535,2036]" box="[199,851,1111,1136]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">
<emphasis id="B9708E54B179FFE0F19FFBC4893EC815" bold="true" box="[199,372,1111,1136]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" reason="1">Redescription.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B9708E54B179FFE0F023FBCB89F2C815" box="[379,440,1112,1136]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Adult</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="133F4EC3B179FFE0F09FFBC48A51C80A" box="[455,539,1111,1135]" captionStart="FIGURES 75–80" captionStartId="200.[151,263,1806,1829]" captionTargetBox="[209,1376,193,1783]" captionTargetId="figure-124@200.[209,1378,193,1783]" captionTargetPageId="200" captionText="FIGURES 75–80. Adults. Scale bar 1 mm. 75, Phyllonorycter caudasimplex, holotype ♀, Nigeria, Ile-Ife, 30.xii.1971, leg. J.T.Medler, in BMNH. 76, Phyllonorycter leucaspis, paratype ♂, Namibia, Brandberg, 18.iii.2001, leg. W. Mey, specimen ID: RMCA ENT 000004446. 77, Phyllonorycter ololua, holotype ♂, Kenya, Nairobi, Ololua Forest, 23.v.1999, leg. B. Bytebier, specimen ID: RMCA ENT 000003274. 78, Phyllonorycter ruizivorus, holotype ♂, Reunion, St. Pierre, mine 02.x.1998, leg. S. Quilici, in BMNH. 79, Phyllonorycter ruizivorus, paratype ♂, Reunion, Le Port, mine 28.viii.2009, leg. J. Rochat, specimen ID: RMCA ENT 000005299. 80, Phyllonorycter trochetellus, holotype ♂, Mauritius, mine ??iv.2004, leg. C. Müller, in BMNH." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6052181" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6052181/files/figure.png" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Fig. 75</figureCitation>
). Forewing length: 3.2 mm.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBB5246B179FFE0F19FFBEF8956C89A" blockId="106.[151,1439,535,2036]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">
<emphasis id="B9708E54B179FFE0F19FFBEF8945C8F1" box="[199,271,1148,1172]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Head:</emphasis>
Vertex tufted with ochreous brown piliform scales; frons smooth, shiny white. Labial palpus white. Antenna slightly shorter than forewing, flagellomeres lightly ringed by sequence of fuscous and pale ochreous brown scales, pedicel with pale ochreous shine, scape shiny white anteriorly and ochreous brown posteriorly.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBB5246B179FFE0F19FFA9F8AB9CAE9" blockId="106.[151,1439,535,2036]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">
<emphasis id="B9708E54B179FFE0F19FFA9F895DC941" box="[199,279,1292,1316]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Thorax</emphasis>
: Shiny white anteriorly and pale fuscous posteriorly. Tegula ochreous brown anteriorly and white posteriorly. Forewing ochreous brown with white markings, consisting of short basal streak, two fascia, two costal and one dorsal strigulae; basal streak oblique and directed towards costa, finely edged posteriorly, first fascia at 1/5 oblique, directed towards apex, tapering, gently curved towards apex becoming obsolete before costa; second fascia at 1/2, broadest at dorsum, basal edge oblique, apical edge runs almost straight, second fascia constricts above midline of forewing before costa and at subcostal sector it broadens to half as broad as at dorsum, edged on both sides, first dorsal strigula and first costal strigula at 3/4 opposite each other, meeting above midline of forewing, separated by irroration of black scales; first dorsal strigula triangular shaped, bigger than first costal strigula, both strigulae edged basally; second costal strigula small, obscure, white, surrounded by dark fuscous and brown scales scattered in termen and tornal sectors at apical part. Hindwing fuscous with long, light fuscous fringe. Legs white with mixture of fuscous and brown scales.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBB5246B179FFE0F19FF90B89A5CACA" blockId="106.[151,1439,535,2036]" box="[199,495,1687,1712]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">
<emphasis id="B9708E54B179FFE0F19FF90B8920CAD5" box="[199,362,1688,1712]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Male genitalia</emphasis>
. Unknown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBB5246B179FFE0F19FF92F8AD4CBB5" blockId="106.[151,1439,535,2036]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">
<emphasis id="B9708E54B179FFE0F19FF92F89CECAB1" box="[199,388,1724,1748]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Female genitalia</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="133F4EC3B179FFE0F0CCF92F89BFCAB1" box="[404,501,1724,1748]" captionStart="FIGURES 328–329" captionStartId="259.[151,264,1921,1944]" captionTargetBox="[249,1355,184,1890]" captionTargetId="figure-95@259.[218,1369,177,1917]" captionTargetPageId="259" captionText="FIGURES 328–329. Female genitalia. Scale bar 200 µm. 328, Phyllonorycter caudasimplex, holotype, the drawing is made by Willy De Prins after the original description, examination of the genitalia prep. 21279, in BMNH and the drawing of Bland (1980: 33, fig. 2c). 329, Phyllonorycter leucaspis, paratype, the drawing is made by Willy De Prins after the original description, examination of the genitalia prep. trb 2793 in ZMHB and the drawing of Triberti (1980: 81–82, fig. 6d)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6052435" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6052435/files/figure.png" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Fig. 328</figureCitation>
). Papillae anales connected dorsally, rounded, longer than wide, weakly sclerotized, covered with scarce short setae, basal bar very narrow, imperceptible at preparation. Posterior apophyses sclerotized, slender, rather long, reaching posterior margin of segment VII. Segment VIII weakly sclerotized, weakly connected with segment VII. Anterior apophyses slightly shorter than posterior apophyses, slender, pointed, reaching posterior 1/3 of segment VII. Ostium bursae located at posterior edge of segment VII, antrum straight short tubular shape, sclerotized, ductus sinusoid at initial part, ductus bursae broadly tubular, smoothly merging with corpus bursae without visible transitional marking; ductus bursae + corpus bursae ca. 1.5× length of segment VII; signum on corpus bursae absent.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31E01CDB179FFE1F19FF84889AFCCD5" lastPageId="107" lastPageNumber="108" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BBB5246B179FFE0F19FF8488A4FCB91" blockId="106.[151,1439,535,2036]" box="[199,517,2011,2036]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">
<emphasis id="B9708E54B179FFE0F19FF848896CCB91" bold="true" box="[199,294,2011,2036]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" reason="1">Biology.</emphasis>
Habitat not known.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBB5246B178FFE1F19FFF0B89AFCCD5" blockId="107.[151,1440,151,463]" box="[199,485,151,176]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">
<emphasis id="B9708E54B178FFE1F19FFF0B8922CCD5" bold="true" box="[199,360,151,176]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" reason="1">Host plant(s).</emphasis>
Unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31E01CDB178FFE1F19FFF2E8BFECD25" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BBB5246B178FFE1F19FFF2E8BFECD25" blockId="107.[151,1440,151,463]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">
<emphasis id="B9708E54B178FFE1F19FFF2E88B6CCB1" box="[199,252,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">Note</emphasis>
: The records taken from labels of reared specimens from
<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B178FFE1F2C9FF2E8C38CCB1" authority="Cav." authorityName="Cav." box="[913,1138,188,212]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Ruizia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cordata">
<emphasis id="B9708E54B178FFE1F2C9FF2E8C7DCCB1" box="[913,1079,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">Ruizia cordata</emphasis>
Cav.
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B178FFE1F5F2FF2F8883CC92" authority="Cav." authorityName="Cav." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Dombeya" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="acutangula">
<emphasis id="B9708E54B178FFE1F5F2FF2F8DD6CCB1" box="[1194,1436,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">Dombeya acutangula</emphasis>
Cav.
</taxonomicName>
[
<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B178FFE1F182FF4C8913CC92" box="[218,345,223,247]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Malvaceae</taxonomicName>
] at the BMNH should be excluded from the host list of
<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B178FFE1F2B6FF728CECCC9D" authorityName="Bland" authorityYear="1980" box="[1006,1190,224,248]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caudasimplex">
<emphasis id="B9708E54B178FFE1F2B6FF728CECCC9D" box="[1006,1190,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">P. caudasimplex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, since the specimens which are referred to in
<bibRefCitation id="EF952FB7B178FFE1F0F0FE978B57CD79" author="De Prins &amp; De Prins" box="[424,797,260,284]" firstAuthor="De Prins" page="277" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" refId="ref192296" refString="De Prins, W. &amp; De Prins, J. (2005) Gracillariidae (Lepidoptera). In: Landry, B. (Ed.), World catalogue of insects. Volume 6. Apollo Books, Stenstrup, 502 pp." type="book" year="2005">De Prins &amp; De Prins (2005: 277)</bibRefCitation>
revealed that it is a misidentification. Specimens belong to the species
<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B178FFE1F06CFEBA8988CD5A" authority="Prins &amp; Kawahara, 2012" authorityName="Prins &amp; Kawahara" authorityYear="2012" box="[308,450,296,320]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ruizivorus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9708E54B178FFE1F06CFEBA8988CD5A" box="[308,450,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">P. ruizivorus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A243332FB178FFE1F091FEBB8A4ECD5A" box="[457,516,296,319]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
which is described in this publication.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31E01CDB178FFE1F19FFED88B14CD01" box="[199,862,331,356]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BBB5246B178FFE1F19FFED88B14CD01" blockId="107.[151,1440,151,463]" box="[199,862,331,356]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">
<emphasis id="B9708E54B178FFE1F19FFED88920CD01" bold="true" box="[199,362,331,356]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" reason="1">Flight period.</emphasis>
Specimens were collected in late December.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31E01CDB178FFE1F19FFEFC8901CDAA" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BBB5246B178FFE1F19FFEFC8C92CDE2" blockId="107.[151,1440,151,463]" box="[199,1240,367,392]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">
<emphasis id="B9708E54B178FFE1F19FFEFC892ACDED" bold="true" box="[199,352,367,392]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" reason="1">Distribution.</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="133F4EC3B178FFE1F037FEFC8998CDE2" box="[367,466,367,391]" captionStart="FIGURES 379–390" captionStartId="274.[151,263,1922,1945]" captionTargetBox="[226,1357,205,1889]" captionTargetId="figure-70@274.[218,1369,193,1901]" captionTargetPageId="274" captionText="FIGURES 379–390. Distribution of Afrotropical Lithocolletinae species. 379, Phyllonorycter brachylaenae. 380, Phyllonorycter dombeyae. 381, Phyllonorycter hibiscina. 382, Phyllonorycter ipomoellus. 383, Phyllonorycter turensis. 384, Phyllonorycter hibiscola. 385, Phyllonorycter lemarchandi. 386, Phyllonorycter albertinus. 387, Phyllonorycter caudasimplex. 388, Phyllonorycter leucaspis. 389, Phyllonorycter ololua. 390, Phyllonorycter didymopa." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6052491" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6052491/files/figure.png" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">Fig. 387</figureCitation>
). Known only from the type locality in Nigeria (
<bibRefCitation id="EF952FB7B178FFE1F2B7FEFC8CD5CDE2" author="Bland" box="[1007,1183,367,391]" firstAuthor="Bland" page="25" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" pagination="25 - 35" refId="ref190158" refString="Bland, K. P. (1980) Nigerian Gracillariidae. Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society, 34, 25 - 35." type="journal article" year="1980">Bland 1980: 25</bibRefCitation>
, 33).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBB5246B178FFE1F1CFFE078901CDAA" blockId="107.[151,1440,151,463]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">
Note: The record from Reunion Island (
<bibRefCitation id="EF952FB7B178FFE1F331FE078B29CDC9" author="Guillermet" box="[617,867,404,428]" firstAuthor="Guillermet" page="119" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" refId="ref193890" refString="Guillermet, C. (2011). Les Heteroceres, ou paillons de nuit, de l'ile de La Reunion. Parc National de La Reunion et Association N. D. P., 556 pp., 13 pls." type="book" year="2011">Guillermet 2011: 119</bibRefCitation>
, figs a–d, pl. 3, fig. 2) is misidentidication of
<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B178FFE1F4DFFE068943CDAA" authority="Prins &amp; Kawahara, 2012" authorityName="Prins &amp; Kawahara" authorityYear="2012" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ruizivorus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9708E54B178FFE1F4DFFE068943CDAA" italics="true" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">P. ruizivorus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A243332FB178FFE1F057FE2B8901CDAA" box="[271,331,440,463]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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