284 lines
33 KiB
XML
284 lines
33 KiB
XML
<document id="5575A0FED5AA2DEE471ECF0BA801EFCC" ID-CLB-Dataset="20704" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3594.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="79af20a5-77f9-4240-ac45-e27fab775ca1" ID-ISSN="11755334" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6052126" ID-ZooBank="B00799F3-F397-438C-B1E1-A8440E636921" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1629833722791" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Prins, Jurate De & Kawahara, Akito Y." docDate="2012" docId="03ADE350B158FFC6F1CFFC8C8DD6CF66" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03594p283.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3594 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3594.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:D239614CE4198176A422035174489AB1.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.monograph" docStyleId="D239614CE4198176A422035174489AB1" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.monograph" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Phyllonorycter grewiaecola" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="77" masterDocId="FF949B28B113FF8AF158FF93884ACC65" masterDocTitle="Systematics, revisionary taxonomy, and biodiversity of Afrotropical Lithocolletinae (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae)" masterLastPageNumber="283" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="76" updateTime="1699143153601" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="2EAC1073889DA907CF888D0E3703BD4C">Systematics, revisionary taxonomy, and biodiversity of Afrotropical Lithocolletinae (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="444C3C5AD8D651E9363E5D29A6CA4478">Prins, Jurate De</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="99C2314997581B2FB0CD47695B735AE2">Kawahara, Akito Y.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="829447B9514551FD21643BC20EC37837">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="E0A6D1862BFC6CA7BC16D76DF6924374">2012</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03ADE350B158FFC6F1CFFC8C8DD6CF66" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6308659" ID-GBIF-Taxon="193331773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6308659" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03ADE350B158FFC6F1CFFC8C8DD6CF66" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03ADE350B158FFC6F1CFFC8C8DD6CF66" lastPageId="76" lastPageNumber="77" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">
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<subSection id="E28B4BADB158FFC6F1CFFC8C8B2ACC92" lastPageId="76" lastPageNumber="77" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" type="multiple">
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<subSubSection id="C31E01CDB158FFC1F1CFFC8C89FBCF5C" box="[151,433,799,825]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BBB5246B158FFC1F1CFFC8C89FBCF5C" blockId="75.[151,433,799,825]" box="[151,433,799,825]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">
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<heading id="D0F3E52AB158FFC1F1CFFC8C89FBCF5C" bold="true" box="[151,433,799,825]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B9708E54B158FFC1F1CFFC8C89FBCF5C" bold="true" box="[151,433,799,825]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">
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The
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<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B158FFC1F197FC8C8915CF5C" ID-CoL="4H88J" baseAuthorityName="Vari" baseAuthorityYear="1961" box="[207,351,799,825]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grewiaecola">
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<emphasis id="B9708E54B158FFC1F197FC8C8915CF5C" bold="true" box="[207,351,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">grewiaecola</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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group
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31E01CDB158FFC1F1CFFCF58DDAC8A0" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BBB5246B158FFC1F1CFFCF58DDAC8A0" blockId="75.[151,1437,870,2014]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">
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The
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<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B158FFC1F194FCF5891FCF1B" baseAuthorityName="Vari" baseAuthorityYear="1961" box="[204,341,870,894]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grewiaecola">
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<emphasis id="B9708E54B158FFC1F194FCF5891FCF1B" box="[204,341,870,894]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">grewiaecola</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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group includes two species:
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<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B158FFC1F3F0FCF58C33CF1B" authority="(Vari, 1961)" baseAuthorityName="Vari" baseAuthorityYear="1961" box="[680,1145,870,894]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grewiaecola">
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<emphasis id="B9708E54B158FFC1F3F0FCF58BA8CF1B" box="[680,994,870,894]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Phyllonorycter grewiaecola</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EF952FB7B158FFC1F2ACFCF58C3BCF1B" author="Vari" box="[1012,1137,870,894]" firstAuthor="Vari" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" refId="ref201509" refString="Vari, L. (1961) South African Lepidoptera. Vol. I. Lithocolletidae. Transvaal Museum Memoir, 12, 238 pp. 112 pls." type="book" year="1961">Vári, 1961</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B158FFC1F5EDFCF48899CFC7" authority="De Prins" authorityName="De Prins" authorityYear="2012" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grewiaephilos" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B9708E54B158FFC1F5EDFCF48D38CF1B" box="[1205,1394,870,894]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">P. grewiaephilos</emphasis>
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De Prins
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A243332FB158FFC1F1B8FC188957CFC7" box="[224,285,907,930]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Adults belonging to the
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<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B158FFC1F360FC188A8BCFC6" baseAuthorityName="Vari" baseAuthorityYear="1961" box="[568,705,907,931]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grewiaecola">
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<emphasis id="B9708E54B158FFC1F360FC188A8BCFC6" box="[568,705,907,931]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">grewiaecola</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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group can be distinguished by a characteristic forewing pattern: two very oblique slender white fasciae, blackish margined from both sides, second fascia sinuating from costa, elongate towards apex, the third group of white markings at subapical sector consisting of a triangular dorsal strigula and a elongate apical stripe (
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<bibRefCitation id="EF952FB7B158FFC1F376FC658AEEC86B" author="Vari" box="[558,676,1014,1038]" firstAuthor="Vari" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" refId="ref201509" refString="Vari, L. (1961) South African Lepidoptera. Vol. I. Lithocolletidae. Transvaal Museum Memoir, 12, 238 pp. 112 pls." type="book" year="1961">Vári 1961</bibRefCitation>
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: pl. 22, fig. 7). White markings edged on both sides. Forewing more or less lanceolate, the costal margin is not convex but straight with slight declination at apical part. The joining vein between R
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<subScript id="17805003B158FFC1F055FBDD895FC839" attach="left" box="[269,277,1102,1116]" fontSize="6" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">4</subScript>
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and R
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<subScript id="17805003B158FFC1F006FBDD892CC839" attach="left" box="[350,358,1102,1116]" fontSize="6" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">3</subScript>
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in
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<emphasis id="B9708E54B158FFC1F0D1FBAD8A71C833" box="[393,571,1086,1110]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">
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the
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<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B158FFC1F0EAFBAD8A71C833" baseAuthorityName="Vari" baseAuthorityYear="1961" box="[434,571,1086,1110]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grewiaecola">grewiaecola</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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group is rudimentary, very slender and indistinct. There are no differences in external features between those two species assigned to the
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<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B158FFC1F201FBF68BA8C818" baseAuthorityName="Vari" baseAuthorityYear="1961" box="[857,994,1125,1149]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grewiaecola">
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<emphasis id="B9708E54B158FFC1F201FBF68BA8C818" box="[857,994,1125,1149]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">grewiaecola</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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group. Therefore, only dissections of genitalia provide the means for an accurate identification. Larvae construct underside tentiform mines on
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<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B158FFC1F411FB1A8911C8A0" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Grewia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
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<emphasis id="B9708E54B158FFC1F411FB1A8DD6C8C4" box="[1353,1436,1161,1185]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Grewia</emphasis>
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spp. (Malvaceae)
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</taxonomicName>
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. Pupa possesses a rudimentary cremaster (
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<figureCitation id="133F4EC3B158FFC1F26EFB3E8B9EC8A0" box="[822,980,1197,1221]" captionStart="FIGURES 136–141" captionStartId="210.[151,263,1631,1654]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1610]" captionTargetId="figure-49@210.[151,1436,193,1610]" captionTargetPageId="210" captionText="FIGURES 136–141. Exuvium of Phyllonorycter grewiaephilos. 136, ventral view. 137, lateral view. 138, terminal segment, caudal view. 139, terminal segment, ventral view. 140, terminal segment, lateral view. 141, small cremaster on terminal segment." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6052216" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6052216/files/figure.png" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Figs 136–141</figureCitation>
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), pupation without cocoon (
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<bibRefCitation id="EF952FB7B158FFC1F454FB3E8DC9C8A0" author="Vari" box="[1292,1411,1197,1221]" firstAuthor="Vari" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" refId="ref201509" refString="Vari, L. (1961) South African Lepidoptera. Vol. I. Lithocolletidae. Transvaal Museum Memoir, 12, 238 pp. 112 pls." type="book" year="1961">Vári 1961</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31E01CDB158FFC1F19FFB428CB8CA10" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BBB5246B158FFC1F19FFB428B2EC9F8" blockId="75.[151,1437,870,2014]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">
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The male genitalia of the
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<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B158FFC1F0A7FB428AC2C88C" baseAuthorityName="Vari" baseAuthorityYear="1961" box="[511,648,1233,1257]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grewiaecola">
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<emphasis id="B9708E54B158FFC1F0A7FB428AC2C88C" box="[511,648,1233,1257]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">grewiaecola</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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group are characterized by a trilobed tegumen, which is a unique character among all
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<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B158FFC1F024FB668A6FC968" baseAuthorityName="De Prins & De Prins" baseAuthorityYear="2012" box="[380,549,1269,1293]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Lithocolletinae">Lithocolletinae</taxonomicName>
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and is a putative apomorphy for this group. Valvae symmetrical, long, narrow, curved, haired and/or covered with tubercles, rounded at apex. Transtilla not complete. Vinculum narrow Ushaped; saccus median or long. Anellus developed, it might carry fultura superior. Aedoeagus short, thick, slightly sinuating, coecum enlarged, vesica with long, narrow cornuti. Sternum VIII in males flap-like, extended, densely covered with tiny nodules, deeply or shallow bifurcate caudally.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BBB5246B158FFC1F19FFA3A8CB8CA10" blockId="75.[151,1437,870,2014]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Female genitalia segment VIII short, well connected with segment VII. Posterior apophyses with enlarged basal 1/3 and with enlarged bases; anterior apophyses initiate at middle of segment VIII from rather broad sclerotized plate. Ostium bursae opens in subposterior sector of segment VII. Sterigmatic sclerotizations located at subposterior sector of segment VII, well developed with long narrow lateral appendages of lamella antevaginalis, act as a third pair of apophyses. Anterior margin of segment VII ca. 2× broader than posterior margin. Ductus bursae wide, corpus bursae elongate sac-shaped, with one moderate signum with fine median ridge.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31E01CDB158FFC6F19FF9118B2ACC92" lastPageId="76" lastPageNumber="77" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BBB5246B158FFC6F19FF9118B2ACC92" blockId="75.[151,1437,870,2014]" lastBlockId="76.[151,1436,151,247]" lastPageId="76" lastPageNumber="77" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">
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Note: this group of species shares a lot of morphological characters with
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<emphasis id="B9708E54B158FFC1F540F9128CD6CAFC" box="[1048,1180,1665,1689]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B158FFC1F540F9128CDCCAFC" authorityName="Chapman" authorityYear="1902" box="[1048,1174,1665,1689]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Cameraria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Cameraria</taxonomicName>
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:
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</emphasis>
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i) presence of sinuate fasciae; ii) presence of lateral appendages on tegumen; iii) narrow rod-like valva covered with tubercules, iv) bifurcate sternumVIII in males, v) signum area on copus bursae crossed by median ridge in females. However, the pupal morphology corresponds to
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<emphasis id="B9708E54B158FFC1F37DF97D8A9CCB63" box="[549,726,1774,1798]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B158FFC1F37DF97D8A9ACB63" authorityName="Hubner" authorityYear="1822" box="[549,720,1774,1798]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Phyllonorycter</taxonomicName>
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:
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</emphasis>
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i) pupal abdominal segments are covered with dense minute spines, whereas in
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<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B158FFC1F037F88289B2CB4C" authorityName="Deschka & Dimic" authorityYear="1986" box="[367,504,1809,1833]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Cameraria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ohridella">
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<emphasis id="B9708E54B158FFC1F037F88289B2CB4C" box="[367,504,1809,1833]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">C. ohridella</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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the pupal abdominal segments carry an inwardly curved thorn and/or a spine (
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<bibRefCitation id="EF952FB7B158FFC1F422F8828911CB28" author="De Prins" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="De Prins" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" pagination="145 - 150" refId="ref192195" refString="De Prins, J., De Prins, W. & De Coninck, E. (2003) The pupal morphology of Cameraria ohridella compared with that of the genus Phyllonorycter (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae). Journal of Pest Science, 76, 145 - 150." type="journal article" year="2003">
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De Prins
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<emphasis id="B9708E54B158FFC1F182F8A58945CB2B" box="[218,271,1846,1870]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">et al</emphasis>
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. 2003
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</bibRefCitation>
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); ii) cremaster present, though it is rudimentary. The
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<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B158FFC1F291F8A58C18CB2B" baseAuthorityName="Vari" baseAuthorityYear="1961" box="[969,1106,1846,1870]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grewiaecola">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B158FFC1F291F8A58C18CB2B" box="[969,1106,1846,1870]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">grewiaecola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group probably occupies an intermediate position between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B158FFC1F0AAF8CA8A27CB14" authorityName="Chapman" authorityYear="1902" box="[498,621,1881,1905]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Cameraria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B158FFC1F0AAF8CA8A27CB14" box="[498,621,1881,1905]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Cameraria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B158FFC1F3FDF8CA8B07CB14" authorityName="Hubner" authorityYear="1822" box="[677,845,1881,1905]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B158FFC1F3FDF8CA8B07CB14" box="[677,845,1881,1905]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Phyllonorycter</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and therefore it is difficult to place it. Probably this species group is an ancestor and might be somewhere at the base position of splitting of the highly divergent
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B158FFC1F1CFF8328958CBDC" authorityName="Chapman" authorityYear="1902" box="[151,274,1953,1977]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Cameraria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B158FFC1F1CFF8328958CBDC" box="[151,274,1953,1977]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Cameraria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B158FFC1F00CF83289B0CBDC" authorityName="Hubner" authorityYear="1822" box="[340,506,1953,1977]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B158FFC1F00CF83289B0CBDC" box="[340,506,1953,1977]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Phyllonorycter</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The generic affinities in morphologically resembling oriental species like
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B158FFC1F4DAF832894DCBBB" baseAuthorityName="Stainton" baseAuthorityYear="1856" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Cameraria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bauhiniae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B158FFC1F4DAF832894DCBBB" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">C. bauhiniae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B158FFC1F042F8558984CBBB" box="[282,462,1990,2014]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Cameraria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="quadrifascia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B158FFC1F042F8558984CBBB" box="[282,462,1990,2014]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">C. quadrifascia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B158FFC1F0BAF8558A15CBBB" authorityName="Kumata" authorityYear="1993" box="[482,607,1990,2014]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Cameraria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="barlowi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B158FFC1F0BAF8558A15CBBB" box="[482,607,1990,2014]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">C. barlowi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B158FFC1F32AF8558B50CBB8" baseAuthorityName="Kumata" baseAuthorityYear="1993" box="[626,794,1990,2014]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Cameraria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="trizosterata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B158FFC1F32AF8558B50CBB8" box="[626,794,1990,2014]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">C. trizosterata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B158FFC1F275F8558BE6CBBB" authorityName="Kumata" authorityYear="1993" box="[813,940,1990,2014]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Cameraria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fasciata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B158FFC1F275F8558BE6CBBB" box="[813,940,1990,2014]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">C. fasciata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are rather vague as well (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF952FB7B158FFC1F5B5F8568DDACBB8" author="Kumata" box="[1261,1424,1989,2013]" firstAuthor="Kumata" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref195766" refString="Kumata, T. (1993) A contribution to the knowledge of the Malaysian Lithocolletinae (Gracillariidae, Lepidoptera), with a revision of Indian Cameraria associated with Leguminosae. Insecta Matsumurana, N. S., 48, 1 - 85." type="journal article" year="1993">Kumata 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Therefore, it seems preferable at the moment to follow a more conservative approach leaving this group in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B15FFFC6F1CFFF2F8974CCB1" authorityName="Hubner" authorityYear="1822" box="[151,318,188,212]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B15FFFC6F1CFFF2F8974CCB1" box="[151,318,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Phyllonorycter</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, as initially proposed by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF952FB7B15FFFC6F30EFF2F8B5BCCB1" author="Vari" box="[598,785,188,212]" firstAuthor="Vari" page="212" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" refId="ref201509" refString="Vari, L. (1961) South African Lepidoptera. Vol. I. Lithocolletidae. Transvaal Museum Memoir, 12, 238 pp. 112 pls." type="book" year="1961">Vári (1961: 212)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and mainly considering the pupal and genital morphology until additional morphological and molecular data are obtained.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</subSection>
|
||
<subSection id="E28B4BADB15FFFC6F1CFFED88DD6CD9A" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" type="key">
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31E01CDB15FFFC6F1CFFED88B92CD00" box="[151,984,331,358]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" type="multiple">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBB5246B15FFFC6F1CFFED88B92CD00" blockId="76.[151,984,331,358]" box="[151,984,331,358]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">
|
||
<heading id="D0F3E52AB15FFFC6F1CFFED88B92CD00" bold="true" box="[151,984,331,358]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" reason="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B15FFFC6F1CFFED88B92CD00" bold="true" box="[151,984,331,358]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">
|
||
Key to the species of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B15FFFC6F092FEDF8A11CD03" baseAuthorityName="Vari" baseAuthorityYear="1961" box="[458,603,332,358]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grewiaecola">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B15FFFC6F092FEDF8A11CD03" bold="true" box="[458,603,332,358]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">grewiaecola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group based on male genitalia
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31E01CDB15FFFC6F1CFFE018DD6CD9A" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" type="key">
|
||
<key id="FF950577B15FFFC6F1CFFE018DD6CD9A" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">
|
||
<keyStep id="30F04AE3B15FFFC6F1CFFE018DD6CD9A" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBB5246B15FFFC6F1CFFE018DD6CDA0" blockId="76.[151,1436,402,511]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">
|
||
<keyLead id="30F5F173B15FFFC6F1CFFE018DD6CDA0" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">
|
||
1. Anellus with well sclerotized fultura superior bearing two sinuate, slender horns; saccus ca. 1/3 length of valva, gradually accuminate caudally; sternum VIII deeply emarginated caudally (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133F4EC3B15FFFC6F20CFE3C8C27CDA1" box="[852,1133,431,452]" captionStart="FIGURES 191–197" captionStartId="221.[151,263,1943,1966]" captionTargetBox="[345,1252,180,1901]" captionTargetId="figure-63@221.[322,1270,165,1913]" captionTargetPageId="221" captionText="FIGURES 191–197. Male genitalia. Scale bar 100 µm. 191–197, Phyllonorycter grewiaecola. 191–193, genitalia prep. MRAC/KMMA 00273, in RMCA. 191, ventral view. 192, sternum VIII. 193, aedoeagus. 194–197, genitalia prep. TMSA 14603, in TMSA. 194, valva. 195, aedoeagus. 196, sternum VIII. 197, fultura superior." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6052274" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6052274/files/figure.png" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Figs 191, 192, 194, 196, 197</figureCitation>
|
||
)............ 21.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B15FFFC6F47EFE238DD6CDA0" ID-CoL="4H88J" baseAuthorityName="Vari" baseAuthorityYear="1961" box="[1318,1436,432,453]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grewiaecola">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B15FFFC6F47EFE238DD6CDA0" box="[1318,1436,432,453]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">grewiaecola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBB5246B15FFFC6F1CFFE5E8DD6CD9A" blockId="76.[151,1436,402,511]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">
|
||
<keyLead id="30F5F173B15FFFC6F1CFFE5E8DD6CD9A" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">
|
||
– Fultura superior on anellus not developed; saccus slightly longer than 1/2 of valva length, equally slender along entire length; sternum VIII, with shallow semi-round emargination (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133F4EC3B15FFFC6F3B0FE798B3BCD9A" box="[744,881,490,511]" captionStart="FIGURES 198–200" captionStartId="222.[151,263,1280,1303]" captionTargetBox="[162,1412,208,1252]" captionTargetId="figure-42@222.[160,1426,193,1259]" captionTargetPageId="222" captionText="FIGURES 198–200. Male genitalia. Scale bar 100 µm. 198–200, Phyllonorycter grewiaephilos, paratype, genitalia prep. MRAC/KMMA 00264, in RMCA. 198, ventral view. 199, sternum VIII. 200, aedoeagus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6052278" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6052278/files/figure.png" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Figs 198, 199</figureCitation>
|
||
)................................22.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B15FFFC6F44DFE798DD6CD9A" ID-CoL="8VLLF" authorityName="De Prins" authorityYear="2012" box="[1301,1436,490,511]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grewiaephilos">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B15FFFC6F44DFE798DD6CD9A" box="[1301,1436,490,511]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">grewiaephilos</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
</key>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</subSection>
|
||
<subSection id="E28B4BADB15FFFC6F1CFFDDC8DD6CF66" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" type="key">
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31E01CDB15FFFC6F1CFFDDC8BA5CE0C" box="[151,1007,591,617]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" type="multiple">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBB5246B15FFFC6F1CFFDDC8BA5CE0C" blockId="76.[151,1007,591,617]" box="[151,1007,591,617]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">
|
||
<heading id="D0F3E52AB15FFFC6F1CFFDDC8BA5CE0C" bold="true" box="[151,1007,591,617]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" reason="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B15FFFC6F1CFFDDC8BA5CE0C" bold="true" box="[151,1007,591,617]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">
|
||
Key to the species of the g
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B15FFFC6F081FDDC8A11CE0C" bold="true" box="[473,603,591,617]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">rewiaecola</emphasis>
|
||
group based on female genitalia
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31E01CDB15FFFC6F1CFFD058DD6CF66" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" type="key">
|
||
<key id="FF950577B15FFFC6F1CFFD058DD6CF66" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">
|
||
<keyStep id="30F04AE3B15FFFC6F1CFFD058DD6CF66" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBB5246B15FFFC6F1CFFD058DD6CEAC" blockId="76.[151,1436,662,771]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">
|
||
<keyLead id="30F5F173B15FFFC6F1CFFD058DD6CEAC" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">
|
||
1. Sterigma well developed and heavily sclerotized cup-shaped with broad lamella antevaginalis; anterior apophyses ca. 1/2 as long as posterior apophyses; signum on corpus bursae oval-shaped with sclerotized median ridge (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133F4EC3B15FFFC6F5D7FD278CAFCEAC" box="[1167,1253,692,713]" captionStart="FIGURES 312–313" captionStartId="253.[151,263,1771,1794]" captionTargetBox="[189,1395,203,1729]" captionTargetId="figure-47@253.[151,1436,193,1750]" captionTargetPageId="253" captionText="FIGURES 312–313. Female genitalia. Scale bar 200 µm. 312, Phyllonorycter grewiaecola, genitalia prep. MRAC/KMMA / 00277, in RMCA. 313, Phyllonorycter grewiaephilos, paratype, genitalia prep. MRAC/KMMA 00265, in RMCA." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6052406" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6052406/files/figure.png" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Fig. 312</figureCitation>
|
||
).. 21.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B15FFFC6F47EFD278DD6CEAC" ID-CoL="4H88J" baseAuthorityName="Vari" baseAuthorityYear="1961" box="[1318,1436,692,713]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grewiaecola">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B15FFFC6F47EFD278DD6CEAC" box="[1318,1436,692,713]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">grewiaecola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBB5246B15FFFC6F1CFFD428DD6CF66" blockId="76.[151,1436,662,771]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">
|
||
<keyLead id="30F5F173B15FFFC6F1CFFD428DD6CF66" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">
|
||
– Sterigma mountain-shaped with narrow lamella antevaginalis; anterior apophyses ca. 3/4 as long as posterior apophyses; signum on corpus bursae diamond-shaped, with sclerotized median ridge (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133F4EC3B15FFFC6F2D6FD7D8BABCF66" box="[910,993,750,771]" captionStart="FIGURES 312–313" captionStartId="253.[151,263,1771,1794]" captionTargetBox="[189,1395,203,1729]" captionTargetId="figure-47@253.[151,1436,193,1750]" captionTargetPageId="253" captionText="FIGURES 312–313. Female genitalia. Scale bar 200 µm. 312, Phyllonorycter grewiaecola, genitalia prep. MRAC/KMMA / 00277, in RMCA. 313, Phyllonorycter grewiaephilos, paratype, genitalia prep. MRAC/KMMA 00265, in RMCA." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6052406" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6052406/files/figure.png" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Fig. 313</figureCitation>
|
||
)......................22.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B15FFFC6F44DFD7D8DD6CF66" ID-CoL="8VLLF" authorityName="De Prins" authorityYear="2012" box="[1301,1436,750,771]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grewiaephilos">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B15FFFC6F44DFD7D8DD6CF66" box="[1301,1436,750,771]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">grewiaephilos</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
</key>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</subSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |