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88 KiB
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708 lines
88 KiB
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<mods:title id="7B8C73E0AE57B8A4D7FC63D2AD33ECB2">Systematics, revisionary taxonomy, and biodiversity of Afrotropical Lithocolletinae (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae)</mods:title>
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<emphasis id="B9708E54B142FFDBF1CFFC418AC2CF89" bold="true" box="[151,648,978,1004]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">
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23.
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<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B142FFDBF19BFC418AC2CF89" ID-CoL="4H88K" authority="(Vari, 1961)" baseAuthorityName="Vari" baseAuthorityYear="1961" box="[195,648,978,1004]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grewiella">
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<emphasis id="B9708E54B142FFDBF19BFC4189A6CF89" bold="true" box="[195,492,978,1004]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Phyllonorycter grewiella</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EF952FB7B142FFDBF0A3FC418ACACF89" author="Vari" box="[507,640,978,1004]" firstAuthor="Vari" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" refId="ref201509" refString="Vari, L. (1961) South African Lepidoptera. Vol. I. Lithocolletidae. Transvaal Museum Memoir, 12, 238 pp. 112 pls." type="book" year="1961">Vári, 1961</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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<subSubSection id="C31E01CDB142FFDBF1CFFC668AACC868" box="[151,742,1013,1037]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BBB5246B142FFDBF1CFFC668AACC868" blockId="81.[151,742,978,1037]" box="[151,742,1013,1037]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">
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(
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<figureCitation id="133F4EC3B142FFDBF1C7FC66896AC868" box="[159,288,1013,1037]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 51–56" captionStart-1="FIGURES 57–62" captionStartId-0="196.[151,263,1828,1851]" captionStartId-1="197.[151,263,1831,1854]" captionTargetBox-0="[209,1378,187,1807]" captionTargetBox-1="[237,1354,181,1816]" captionTargetId-0="figure-133@196.[209,1378,137,1855]" captionTargetId-1="figure-134@197.[237,1355,181,1816]" captionTargetPageId-0="196" captionTargetPageId-1="197" captionText-0="FIGURES 51–56. Adults. Scale bar 1 mm. 51, Phyllonorycter grewiaephilos, holotype ♂, Kenya, Tsavo, mine 12.iv.2002, leg. J. De Prins, specimen ID: RMCA ENT 00000307. 52, Phyllonorycter grewiaephilos, paratype ♂, Kenya, Tsavo, mine 12.iv.2002, leg. J. De Prins, specimen ID: RMCA ENT 000003076. 53, Phyllonorycter grewiella, holotype 6373♂, South Africa, Malelane, 24.iii.1952, leg. A.J.T. Janse & L. Vári, in TMSA. 54, Phyllonorycter grewiella, ♂, Kenya, Tsavo, mine 12.iv.2002, leg. J. De Prins, specimen ID: RMCA ENT 000003111. 55, Phyllonorycter grewiella, ♀, Kenya, Tsavo, mine 12.iv.2002, leg. J. De Prins, specimen ID: RMCA ENT 000003112. 56, Phyllonorycter grewiella, ♀, Namibia, Erongo, 15–16.iii.2005, leg. W. Mey, in ZMHB." captionText-1="FIGURES 57–62. Adults. Scale bar 1 mm. 57, Phyllonorycter grewiella, ♂, Yemen, Ibb, Al Qa’idah, 28.iv.1998, leg. M. Fibiger et al., in ZMUC. 58, Phyllonorycter acutulus, holotype ♂, Kenya, Aberdares, 12.iv.2000, leg. U. Dall’Asta, specimen ID: RMCA ENT 000004451. 59, Phyllonorycter brachylaenae, holotype 6414♂, South Africa, Pretoria, 20.x.1949, leg. L. Vári, in TMSA. 60, Phyllonorycter brachylaenae, ♀, South Africa, Pretoria, 18.iii.1955, leg. L. Vári, specimen ID: RMCA ENT 000004114. 61, Phyllonorycter dombeyae, holotype ♂, South Africa, KwaZulu-Natal, Hluhluwe-Imfolozi, mine 15.vii.2008, leg. C. Lopez-Vaamonde, specimen ID: RMCA ENT 000005040. 62, Phyllonorycter hibiscina, holotype 6403♂, South Africa, Hennops River, 12.ix.1950, leg. L. Vári, in TMSA." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6052169" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6052173" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/6052169/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/6052173/files/figure.png" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Figs 53–57</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="133F4EC3B142FFDBF073FC6689C5C868" box="[299,399,1013,1037]" captionStart="FIGURES 201–205" captionStartId="223.[151,263,1939,1962]" captionTargetBox="[377,1215,187,1897]" captionTargetId="figure-66@223.[370,1218,177,1919]" captionTargetPageId="223" captionText="FIGURES 201–205. Male genitalia. Scale bar 100 µm. 201–205, Phyllonorycter grewiella. 201–202, holotype, the drawing is made by Willy De Prins after the genitalia prep. Vári 7523, in TMSA. 201, valva. 202, sternum VIII. 203–205, genitalia prep. De Prins 3717, in ZMUC. 203, ventral view. 204, sternum VIII. 205, aedoeagus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6052280" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6052280/files/figure.png" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">201–205</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="133F4EC3B142FFDBF0C3FC6689B5C868" box="[411,511,1013,1037]" captionStart="FIGURES 314–317" captionStartId="254.[151,264,1827,1850]" captionTargetBox="[172,1415,194,1783]" captionTargetId="figure-60@254.[151,1436,193,1802]" captionTargetPageId="254" captionText="FIGURES 314–317. Female genitalia. Scale bar 200 µm. 314–315, Phyllonorycter grewiella, genitalia prep. MRAC/KMMA 00262, in RMCA. 314, segments VII–X, lateral view. 315, corpus bursae. 316–317, Phyllonorycter acutulus, holotype, genitalia prep. MRAC/KMMA 00419, in RMCA. 316, segments VII–X, ventral view. 317, corpus bursae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6052410" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6052410/files/figure.png" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">314, 315</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="133F4EC3B142FFDBF353FC668A7DC868" box="[523,567,1013,1037]" captionStart="FIGURES 367–378" captionStartId="273.[151,263,1910,1933]" captionTargetBox="[227,1355,191,1884]" captionTargetId="figure-75@273.[219,1370,179,1894]" captionTargetPageId="273" captionText="FIGURES 367–378. Distribution of Afrotropical Lithocolletinae species. 367, Phyllonorycter achilleus. 368, Phyllonorycter adderis. 369, Phyllonorycter agassizi. 370, Phyllonorycter chionopa. 371, Phyllonorycter encaeria. 372, Phyllonorycter kazuri. 373, Phyllonorycter lantanae. 374, Phyllonorycter gato. 375, Phyllonorycter grewiaecola. 376, Phyllonorycter grewiaephilos. 377, Phyllonorycter grewiella. 378, Phyllonorycter acutulus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6052487" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6052487/files/figure.png" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">377</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="133F4EC3B142FFDBF31BFC668A3AC868" box="[579,624,1013,1037]" captionStart="FIGURES 427–431" captionStartId="278.[151,263,1486,1509]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1465]" captionTargetId="figure-83@278.[151,1436,193,1465]" captionTargetPageId="278" captionText="FIGURES 427–431. Leaf mines of Afrotropical Lithocolletinae species. 427, Phyllonorycter grewiaecola abaxial mine on Grewia tristis [Malvaceae], Tsavo, Kenya, 12 April 2002. 428–429, Phyllonorycter grewiaephilos mine on Grewia villosa [Malvaceae], Tsavo, Kenya, 23 March, 2004. 428, adaxial side. 429, abaxial blotch/tentiform mine. 430, Phyllonorycter grewiella mine on Grewia villosa [Malvaceae], Tsavo, Kenya, 12 April 2002. 431, Phyllonorycter ocimellus mine on Ocimum gratissimum [Lamiaceae], Taita Hills, Kenya, 09 April, 2001." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6052505" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6052505/files/figure.png" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">430</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="133F4EC3B142FFDBF323FC668A94C868" box="[635,734,1013,1037]" captionStart="FIGURES 437–440" captionStartId="280.[151,263,1154,1177]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1129]" captionTargetId="figure-99@280.[151,1436,193,1129]" captionTargetPageId="280" captionText="FIGURES 437–440. Habitats of Afrotropical Lithocolletinae species. 437, Arabuko Sokoke Forest, Kenya, April 2001. The habitat contains elements of coastal mixed forest as well as miombo / Cynometra woodland. 438, Tsavo, Kenya, April 2002. The habitat contains elements of semi-arid grassland and savannah. 439, Ololua Forest, Rift Valley, Kenya, April 2002. The habitat is dominated by tree vegetation. 440, Taita Hills, Kenya, April 2003. The habitat is a precambrian mountain range covered with moist forest housing many endemic species of flora and fauna." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6052511" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6052511/files/figure.png" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">437, 438</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C31E01CDB142FFDBF1CFFBAE8961C8CA" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BBB5246B142FFDBF1CFFBAE8C6FC836" blockId="81.[151,1436,1085,1199]" box="[151,1061,1085,1107]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B142FFDBF1CFFBAE8930C836" authorityName="Vári" authorityYear="1961" box="[151,378,1085,1107]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Lithocolletis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grewiella">
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<emphasis id="B9708E54B142FFDBF1CFFBAE8930C836" box="[151,378,1085,1107]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Lithocolletis grewiella</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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—
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<treatmentCitation id="0AA57457B142FFDBF0CDFBAE8A76C836" author="Vari, L." box="[405,572,1085,1107]" page="213" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" year="1961">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF952FB7B142FFDBF0CDFBAE8A76C836" author="Vari, L." bookContentInfo="238 pp." box="[405,572,1085,1107]" journalOrPublisher="Transvaal Museum Memoir" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" part="12" refId="ref201509" refString="Vari, L. (1961) South African Lepidoptera. Vol. I. Lithocolletidae. Transvaal Museum Memoir, 12, 238 pp. 112 pls." title="South African Lepidoptera. Vol. I. Lithocolletidae" type="book" year="1961">Vári, (1961: 213</bibRefCitation>
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–214; pl. 22, fig. 8; pl. 65, fig. 5; pl. 104, fig. 3).
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<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B142FFDBF1CFFBCF89DFC817" ID-CoL="4H88K" baseAuthorityName="Vari" baseAuthorityYear="1961" box="[151,405,1116,1138]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grewiella">
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<emphasis id="B9708E54B142FFDBF1CFFBCF89DFC817" box="[151,405,1116,1138]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Phyllonorycter grewiella</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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—
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<treatmentCitation id="0AA57457B142FFDBF0E8FBC88AFBC814" author="Vari, L. & Kroon, D." box="[432,689,1115,1137]" page="39" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" year="1986">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF952FB7B142FFDBF0E8FBC88AFBC814" author="Vari & Kroon" box="[432,689,1115,1137]" firstAuthor="Vari" page="39" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" refId="ref201567" refString="Vari, L. & Kroon, D. (1986) Southern African Lepidoptera. A series of cross-referenced indices. Lepidopterists Society of Southern Africa and the Transvaal Museum, Pretoria, 198 pp." type="book" year="1986">Vári & Kroon (1986: 39</bibRefCitation>
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, 136, 157),
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<treatmentCitation id="0AA57457B142FFDBF277FBCF8BAAC814" author="Kroon, D. M." box="[815,992,1115,1137]" page="35" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" year="1999">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF952FB7B142FFDBF277FBCF8BAAC814" author="Kroon" box="[815,992,1115,1137]" firstAuthor="Kroon" page="35" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" pagination="1 - 48" refId="ref195458" refString="Kroon, D. M. (1999) Lepidoptera of Southern Africa: host-plants and other associations. Sasolburg Litho (Pty) Ltd., 160 1 - 48 pp." type="book chapter" year="1999">Kroon (1999: 35</bibRefCitation>
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, 104, 152),
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<treatmentCitation id="0AA57457B142FFDBF506FBC88DDDC814" author="Dall'Asta, U. & De Prins, J. & De Prins, W." box="[1118,1431,1115,1138]" page="33" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" year="2001">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF952FB7B142FFDBF506FBC88DDDC814" author="Dall'Asta" box="[1118,1431,1115,1138]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Dall'Asta" page="33 - 34" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" refId="ref191504" refString="Dall'Asta, U., De Prins, J. & De Prins, W. (2001) Preliminary checklist of Gracillariidae of the Afrotropical Region. Zoologische Documentatie, Koninklijk Museum voor Midden-Afrika, Tervuren, Belgie, 25, 48 pp." type="book" year="2001">
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Dall'Asta
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<emphasis id="B9708E54B142FFDBF59DFBCF8CBEC817" box="[1221,1268,1116,1138]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">et al</emphasis>
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. (2001: 33–34)
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,
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<treatmentCitation id="0AA57457B142FFDBF19FFBE989E3C8F5" author="Vari, L. & Kroon, D. M. & Kruger, M." box="[199,425,1146,1168]" page="26" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" year="2002">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF952FB7B142FFDBF19FFBE989E3C8F5" author="Vari" box="[199,425,1146,1168]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Vari" page="26" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" refId="ref201604" refString="Vari, L., Kroon, D. M. & Kruger, M. (2002) Classification and checklist of the species of Lepidoptera recorded in Southern Africa. Simple Solutions, Chatswood, xxi + 385 pp." type="book" year="2002">
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Vári
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B142FFDBF1A4FBE88961C8F5" box="[252,299,1146,1168]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2002: 26)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AA57457B142FFDBF0EDFBE98B7FC8F5" author="Lopez-Vaamonde, C. & Godfray, H. C. J. & Cook, J. M." box="[437,821,1146,1168]" page="1818" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" year="2003">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF952FB7B142FFDBF0EDFBE98B7FC8F5" author="Lopez-Vaamonde" box="[437,821,1146,1168]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Lopez-Vaamonde" page="1818" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" pagination="1804 - 1821" refId="ref196835" refString="Lopez-Vaamonde, C., Godfray, H. C. J. & Cook, J. M. (2003) Evolutionary dynamics of host-plant use in a genus of leaf-mining moths. Evolution, 57, 1804 - 1821." type="journal article" year="2003">
|
||
Lopez-Vaamonde
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B142FFDBF328FBE88AEFC8F5" box="[624,677,1146,1168]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2003: 1818)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AA57457B142FFDBF21AFBE88CD5C8F5" author="De Prins, W. & De Prins, J." box="[834,1183,1146,1168]" page="298" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" year="2005">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF952FB7B142FFDBF21AFBE88CD5C8F5" author="De Prins & De Prins" box="[834,1183,1146,1168]" firstAuthor="De Prins" page="298" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" refId="ref192296" refString="De Prins, W. & De Prins, J. (2005) Gracillariidae (Lepidoptera). In: Landry, B. (Ed.), World catalogue of insects. Volume 6. Apollo Books, Stenstrup, 502 pp." type="book" year="2005">De Prins & De Prins (2005: 298)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AA57457B142FFDBF5F4FBE9896DC8CA" author="Lopez-Vaamonde, C. & Wikstrom, N. & Labandeira, C. & Godfray, C. J. & Goodman, S. J. & Cook, J. M." page="7" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" year="2006">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF952FB7B142FFDBF5F4FBE9896DC8CA" author="Lopez-Vaamonde" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Lopez-Vaamonde" page="7" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" pagination="1314 - 1326" refId="ref196878" refString="Lopez-Vaamonde, C., Wikstrom, N., Labandeira, C., Godfray, C. J., Goodman, S. J. & Cook, J. M. (2006) Fossil-calibrated molecular phylogenies reveal that leaf-mining moths radiated millions of years after thier host plants. Journal of Evolutionary Biology, 19, 1314 - 1326." type="journal article" year="2006">
|
||
Lopez-Vaamonde
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B142FFDBF43FFBE88DDCC8F5" box="[1383,1430,1146,1168]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2006: 7)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31E01CDB142FFDBF1CFFB488914C9CD" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBB5246B142FFDBF1CFFB488914C9CD" blockId="81.[151,1436,1243,2024]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B142FFDBF1CFFB48895BC891" bold="true" box="[151,273,1243,1268]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" reason="1">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
The forewing pattern is quite unique from other Afrotropical
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B142FFDBF288FB4F8C32C891" authorityName="Hubner" authorityYear="1822" box="[976,1144,1244,1268]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B142FFDBF288FB4F8C32C891" box="[976,1144,1244,1268]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Phyllonorycter</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in that it has two striking broad dorsal strigulae and an obscure apical patch. Valva broad, with a large bidentate sternum VIII. Female genitalia of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B142FFDBF07AFAB689E2C959" baseAuthorityName="Vari" baseAuthorityYear="1961" box="[290,424,1316,1340]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grewiella">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B142FFDBF07AFAB689E2C959" box="[290,424,1316,1340]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">P. grewiella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
lack sterigmatic sclerotization on sternum VII, antrum covered with tiny spines, ductus bursae long, corpus bursae small and round. Larvae of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B142FFDBF24CFADA8BD6C905" baseAuthorityName="Vari" baseAuthorityYear="1961" box="[788,924,1352,1376]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grewiella">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B142FFDBF24CFADA8BD6C905" box="[788,924,1352,1376]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">P. grewiella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
mine the upperside of its host leaf, whereas larvae of the other two
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B142FFDBF0C0FAFF89A1C9E1" box="[408,491,1388,1412]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Grewia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B142FFDBF0C0FAFF89A1C9E1" box="[408,491,1388,1412]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Grewia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
feeding Afrotropical
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B142FFDBF384FAFF8B96C9E1" box="[732,988,1388,1412]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B142FFDBF384FAFF8BCEC9E1" box="[732,900,1388,1412]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Phyllonorycter</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B142FFDBF2BAFAFE8CCFC9E1" box="[994,1157,1388,1412]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grewiaecola">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B142FFDBF2BAFAFE8CCFC9E1" box="[994,1157,1388,1412]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">P. grewiaecola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B142FFDBF5E3FAFE8D39C9E1" authorityName="De Prins" authorityYear="2012" box="[1211,1395,1388,1412]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grewiaephilos">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B142FFDBF5E3FAFE8D39C9E1" box="[1211,1395,1388,1412]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">P. grewiaephilos</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are underside miners.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31E01CDB142FFDBF19FFA208C24CAC1" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBB5246B142FFDBF19FFA208D4CC98A" blockId="81.[151,1436,1243,2024]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B142FFDBF19FFA2089FBC9A9" bold="true" box="[199,433,1459,1484]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" reason="1">Material examined.</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B6C581BB142FFDBF0E1FA278D48C98A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3464736437" collectingDate="1952-03-24" collectionCode="TMSA" collectorName="Janse & Vari'" country="South Africa" location="Malelane" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B142FFDBF0E1FA278A55C9A9" box="[441,543,1460,1484]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54BFECE4B142FFDBF0E1FA278A55C9A9" box="[441,543,1460,1484]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0299CFB142FFDBF376FA278A09C9AE" box="[558,579,1460,1483]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
, [1] [
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B142FFDBF3DCFA208B57C9A9" bold="true" box="[644,797,1459,1484]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31312D6B142FFDBF3DCFA208B57C9A9" box="[644,797,1459,1484]" name="South Africa" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
] ‘
|
||
<location id="8EDB049DB142FFDBF26BFA278BEAC9A9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03ADE350B142FFDEF1CFFC418D08CC92:8EDB049DB142FFDBF26BFA278BEAC9A9" box="[819,928,1460,1484]" country="South Africa" name="Malelane" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Malelane</location>
|
||
/
|
||
<date id="FFBA7486B142FFDBF2EFFA278C7AC9A9" box="[951,1072,1460,1484]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" value="1952-03-24">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFFE8D6EB142FFDBF2EFFA278C7AC9A9" box="[951,1072,1460,1484]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" value="1952-03-24">24.iii.1952</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
/ [leg.]
|
||
<collectorName id="26F13790B142FFDBF5D3FA278C8DC9AE" box="[1163,1223,1460,1483]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Janse</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName id="26F13790B142FFDBF5B4FA278D6DC9A9" box="[1260,1319,1460,1484]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Vari’</collectorName>
|
||
; [2] ‘HT’; [3] ‘G.[enitalia] / 7523’; [4] ‘
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B142FFDBF084FA4B8A22C995" authorityName="Hubner" authorityYear="1825" box="[476,616,1496,1520]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Lithocolletis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B142FFDBF084FA4B8A22C995" box="[476,616,1496,1520]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Lithocolletis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
/
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B142FFDBF325FA4B8B55C98A" authority="Vari" authorityName="Vari" box="[637,799,1495,1520]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grewiella">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B142FFDBF325FA4B8AAFC995" box="[637,741,1496,1520]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">grewiella</emphasis>
|
||
Vári
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
/ ♂ PARATYPE [sic] No 6373’, in
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED15CA83B142FFDBF5E9FA448D48C98A" box="[1201,1282,1495,1519]" collectionName="South Africa, Gauteng, Pretoria, Transvaal Museum" country="South Africa" name="Transvaal Museum" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">TMSA</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBB5246B142FFDBF19FFA6E8C24CAC1" blockId="81.[151,1436,1243,2024]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B6C581BB142FFDBF19FFA6E88A6CA39" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3464736518" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B142FFDBF19FFA6E8973CA71" box="[199,313,1533,1556]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Paratypes</emphasis>
|
||
: 2♂ and 1♀. (including 2♂ and 1♀ genitalia slides).
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B142FFDBF2DFFA688C6ACA71" bold="true" box="[903,1056,1531,1556]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">South Africa</emphasis>
|
||
: 1♀, Skukuza, 6.iv.1952, [leg.] L. Vári, Ac.[quisition] no: 496; G.[enitalia] 7135; AT;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B142FFDBF258F9B38C75CA52" authority="Vari" authorityName="Vari" box="[768,1087,1567,1592]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Lithocolletis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grewiella">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B142FFDBF258F9B38C4BCA5D" box="[768,1025,1568,1592]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Lithocolletis grewiella</emphasis>
|
||
Vári
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
♀ ALLOTYPE No 6374, in
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED15CA83B142FFDBF1CFF9D788A2CA39" box="[151,232,1604,1628]" country="South Africa" name="Transvaal Museum" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">TMSA</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B6C581BB142FFDBF1ACF9D78A33CA1A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3464736578" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">
|
||
1♂, Skukuza, 2.iv.1952, [leg.] L. Vári, Ac.[quisition] no: 447;8; G.[enitalia] 7134;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B142FFDBF5C7F9D78883CA1A" authority="Vari" authorityName="Vari" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Lithocolletis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grewiella">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B142FFDBF5C7F9D78DD1CA39" box="[1183,1435,1604,1628]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Lithocolletis grewiella</emphasis>
|
||
Vári
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
♂ PARATYPE No 6375, in
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED15CA83B142FFDBF37CF9F48A3FCA1A" box="[548,629,1639,1663]" country="South Africa" name="Transvaal Museum" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">TMSA</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B6C581BB142FFDBF3DCF9F48C24CAC1" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3464736397" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">
|
||
1♂, Skukuza, 19.iv.1952, [leg.] L. Vári, Ac.[quisition] no: 492; 10; G.[enitalia] 7130;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B142FFDBF039F91F8ADCCAC1" authority="Vari" authorityName="Vari" box="[353,662,1676,1700]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Lithocolletis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grewiella">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B142FFDBF039F91F8A17CAC1" box="[353,605,1676,1700]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Lithocolletis grewiella</emphasis>
|
||
Vári
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
♂ HOLOTYPE [sic] No 6376, in
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED15CA83B142FFDBF540F91F8C23CAC1" box="[1048,1129,1676,1700]" country="South Africa" name="Transvaal Museum" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">TMSA</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31E01CDB142FFD8F19FF9238B40CF1A" lastPageId="82" lastPageNumber="83" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBB5246B142FFDBF19FF9238D6FCA89" blockId="81.[151,1436,1243,2024]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B142FFDBF19FF9238963CAAD" box="[199,297,1712,1736]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
. The labels “Holotype” and “Paratype” have obviously been reversed in two type specimens while rearranging the collection, since
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF952FB7B142FFDBF35DF9478A88CA89" author="Vari" box="[517,706,1748,1772]" firstAuthor="Vari" page="214" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" refId="ref201509" refString="Vari, L. (1961) South African Lepidoptera. Vol. I. Lithocolletidae. Transvaal Museum Memoir, 12, 238 pp. 112 pls." type="book" year="1961">Vári (1961: 214)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
indicated Malelane as the type locality of this species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBB5246B142FFD8F19FF96B8B40CF1A" blockId="81.[151,1436,1243,2024]" lastBlockId="82.[151,1436,151,2012]" lastPageId="82" lastPageNumber="83" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B142FFDBF19FF96B89E4CB75" box="[199,430,1784,1808]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Additional material:</emphasis>
|
||
7♂, 11♀ (including 4♂ and 1♀ genitalia preparations) and 15 specimens.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B6C581BB142FFDBF45FF96B8A7ACB32" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3464736305" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B142FFDBF45FF96B8DCFCB75" bold="true" box="[1287,1413,1784,1808]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Botswana:</emphasis>
|
||
2 specimens, Kang, 32 km S, 22–24.i.1978, [leg.] M. J. Scoble. Ac[quisition]. no 3703, in
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED15CA83B142FFDBF52FF88F8C82CB51" box="[1143,1224,1820,1844]" country="South Africa" name="Transvaal Museum" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">TMSA</collectionCode>
|
||
. 1 specimen, Nata, 14.i.1978, [leg.] L. Vári, in
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED15CA83B142FFDBF083F8AC8A66CB32" box="[475,556,1855,1879]" country="South Africa" name="Transvaal Museum" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">TMSA</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B6C581BB142FFDBF361F8D38A6DCBA1" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3464736566" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B142FFDBF361F8D38ACCCB3D" bold="true" box="[569,646,1856,1880]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Kenya</emphasis>
|
||
: 2♂, Taita Discovery Centre, Mwakaramba Tank, 03°40’S 38°46’E, 500 m, 02.iv.2001, leg. J. & W. De Prins, e. l.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B142FFDBF3C5F8F78B53CB1E" box="[669,793,1892,1916]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Grewia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B142FFDBF3C5F8F78ABACB19" box="[669,752,1892,1916]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Grewia</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, 18.iv.2001, gen. prep. De Prins 3398♂ (MRAC/KMMA 00261), specimen ID:
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED15CA83B142FFDBF0CBF81489AFCBFA" box="[403,485,1927,1951]" country="Belgium" name="Royal Museum for Central Africa" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" type="Museum">RMCA</collectionCode>
|
||
ENT 000003110, ID:
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED15CA83B142FFDBF3BDF8148B7DCBFA" box="[741,823,1927,1951]" country="Belgium" name="Royal Museum for Central Africa" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" type="Museum">RMCA</collectionCode>
|
||
ENT 000003108, in
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED15CA83B142FFDBF570F8148C25CBFA" box="[1064,1135,1927,1951]" country="France" name="Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">INRA</collectionCode>
|
||
, DNA voucher CLV11807 in
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED15CA83B142FFDBF1ECF83F8949CBA1" box="[180,259,1964,1988]" country="Brazil" name="Crustacean Collection of the Department of Biology" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">CCDB</collectionCode>
|
||
, genitalia slide in
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED15CA83B142FFDBF095F83F8A69CBA1" box="[461,547,1964,1988]" country="Belgium" name="Royal Museum for Central Africa" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" type="Museum">RMCA</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B6C581BB142FFDBF376F83F8D26CBA1" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3464736341" box="[558,1388,1964,1988]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">
|
||
1♀, same locality data, specimen ID:
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED15CA83B142FFDBF28BF83F8C6FCBA1" box="[979,1061,1964,1988]" country="Belgium" name="Royal Museum for Central Africa" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" type="Museum">RMCA</collectionCode>
|
||
ENT 000003120, in
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED15CA83B142FFDBF449F83F8D2DCBA1" box="[1297,1383,1964,1988]" country="Belgium" name="Royal Museum for Central Africa" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" type="Museum">RMCA</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B6C581BB142FFD8F42AF83F8B20CCB1" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3464736524" lastPageId="82" lastPageNumber="83" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">
|
||
2♂, Tsavo National Park, Taita Discovery Centre, 03°40’S 38°45’E, 530 m, mine 12.iv. 2002, leg. J. De Prins; e.l.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B141FFD8F1CFFF0B8A46CCCA" authority="Willd." authorityName="Willd." box="[151,524,151,176]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Grewia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="villosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B141FFD8F1CFFF0B8976CCD5" box="[151,316,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Grewia villosa</emphasis>
|
||
Willd. (Tiliaceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, 24.iv.2002 and 25.iv.2002, specimen IDs:
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED15CA83B141FFD8F2ACFF048C0CCCCA" box="[1012,1094,151,175]" country="Belgium" name="Royal Museum for Central Africa" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" type="Museum">RMCA</collectionCode>
|
||
ENT 000003107, 000003111, gen. prep. De Prins 3482♂ (MRAC/KMMA 00260), in
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED15CA83B141FFD8F248FF2F8B2CCCB1" box="[784,870,188,212]" country="Belgium" name="Royal Museum for Central Africa" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" type="Museum">RMCA</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B6C581BB141FFD8F22AFF2F8DD6CCB6" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3464736384" box="[882,1436,188,212]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">
|
||
1♂, same locality data, e. l. 25.iv.2002, in
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED15CA83B141FFD8F40CFF2F8DD3CCB6" box="[1364,1433,188,211]" country="Kenya" name="National Museums of Kenya" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" type="Museum">NMK</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B6C581BB141FFD8F1CFFF4C8AC8CD79" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3464736356" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">
|
||
4♀, same locality data e.l. from 22.iv.2002 to 24.iv.2002,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED15CA83B141FFD8F242FF4C8B26CC92" box="[794,876,223,247]" country="Belgium" name="Royal Museum for Central Africa" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" type="Museum">RMCA</collectionCode>
|
||
ENT 000003112–000003115, gen. prep. De Prins 3484♀ (MRAC/KMMA 00262), in
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED15CA83B141FFD8F370FE978A34CD79" box="[552,638,260,284]" country="Belgium" name="Royal Museum for Central Africa" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" type="Museum">RMCA</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B6C581BB141FFD8F3D0FE978C40CD01" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3464736475" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">
|
||
1♀, same locality data, e. l. 22.iv.2002, in
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED15CA83B141FFD8F538FE978CEFCD7E" box="[1120,1189,260,283]" country="Kenya" name="National Museums of Kenya" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" type="Museum">NMK</collectionCode>
|
||
. 1♂, Arabuko Sokoke Forest, 10.5 km W Gede, 80 m, 03°16’S 039°58’E, 26.iii.2004, leg. J. & W. De Prins, specimen ID:
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED15CA83B141FFD8F453FEB48D17CD5A" box="[1291,1373,295,319]" country="Belgium" name="Royal Museum for Central Africa" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" type="Museum">RMCA</collectionCode>
|
||
ENT 000003109, gen. prep. De Prins 3644♂ (MRAC/KMMA 00263), in
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED15CA83B141FFD8F2E8FEDF8C4CCD01" box="[944,1030,332,356]" country="Belgium" name="Royal Museum for Central Africa" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" type="Museum">RMCA</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B6C581BB141FFD8F54BFEDF8DD6CDAA" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3464736574" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">
|
||
4♀, Tsavo–ca. 30 km S Voi, Taita Discovery Centre, Env.[ironment] TDC [Taita Discovery Centre], 475 m, 03°43’S 038°46’E mine 23.iii.2004, leg. J. & W. De Prins, e.l.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B141FFD8F0DFFE078AB2CDC9" authority="Willd." authorityName="Willd." box="[391,760,404,428]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Grewia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="villosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B141FFD8F0DFFE078A61CDC9" box="[391,555,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Grewia villosa</emphasis>
|
||
Willd. (Tiliaceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, from 30.iii.2004. to 05.iv.2004, specimen IDs:
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED15CA83B141FFD8F454FE078D14CDC9" box="[1292,1374,404,428]" country="Belgium" name="Royal Museum for Central Africa" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" type="Museum">RMCA</collectionCode>
|
||
ENT 000003116–000003119, in
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED15CA83B141FFD8F080FE248A67CDAA" box="[472,557,439,463]" country="Belgium" name="Royal Museum for Central Africa" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" type="Museum">RMCA</collectionCode>
|
||
, 1♀, ID:
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED15CA83B141FFD8F3F3FE248AB7CDAA" box="[683,765,439,463]" country="Belgium" name="Royal Museum for Central Africa" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" type="Museum">RMCA</collectionCode>
|
||
ENT 000003117, DNA voucher CLV11907, in
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED15CA83B141FFD8F410FE248DD2CDAA" box="[1352,1432,439,463]" country="Brazil" name="Crustacean Collection of the Department of Biology" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">CCDB</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B6C581BB141FFD8F1CFFE488DD6CD91" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3464736409" box="[151,1436,475,500]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B141FFD8F1CFFE4888B4CD91" bold="true" box="[151,254,475,500]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Namibia</emphasis>
|
||
: 1 specimen, Abachaus [Abaehaus], S[outh].W[est]. A[frica]., Feb[ruary]’ [19]43, G. Hobohm, in
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED15CA83B141FFD8F41FFE4F8DD2CD91" box="[1351,1432,476,500]" country="South Africa" name="Transvaal Museum" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">TMSA</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B6C581BB141FFD8F1CFFE6C8BD6CE72" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3464736338" box="[151,924,511,535]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">
|
||
1 specimen, same locality data except the date ix’ [19]45, in
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED15CA83B141FFD8F21EFE6C8BDDCE72" box="[838,919,511,535]" country="South Africa" name="Transvaal Museum" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">TMSA</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B6C581BB141FFD8F2FBFE6C8A19CE5E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3464736381" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">
|
||
1♀, Erongo, Eileen Farm, campsite, 1310 m, 15–16.iii.2005, leg. W. Mey, in
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED15CA83B141FFD8F0A3FDB78A05CE5E" box="[507,591,548,571]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">ZMHB</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B6C581BB141FFD8F302FDB08D21CE3A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3464736598" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B141FFD8F302FDB08AB9CE59" bold="true" box="[602,755,547,572]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">South Africa</emphasis>
|
||
: 1 specimen, Malelane, 24.iii.1952, Janse & Vari, in
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED15CA83B141FFD8F41FFDB78DD2CE59" box="[1351,1432,548,572]" country="South Africa" name="Transvaal Museum" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">TMSA</collectionCode>
|
||
. 1 specimen, Naboospruit, Mosdene Fm. [farm], 17.ii.1976,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B141FFD8F26BFDDB8BCCCE05" box="[819,902,584,608]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Grewia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B141FFD8F26BFDDB8BCCCE05" box="[819,902,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Grewia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
?
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B141FFD8F2C1FDDB8B96CE05" box="[921,988,584,608]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Grewia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="caffra">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B141FFD8F2C1FDDB8B96CE05" box="[921,988,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">caffra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, e. l. 23.ii.1976, L. Vári, in
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED15CA83B141FFD8F44EFDD48D2DCE3A" box="[1302,1383,583,607]" country="South Africa" name="Transvaal Museum" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">TMSA</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B6C581BB141FFD8F42AFDD48B83CEE1" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3464736430" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">
|
||
1♀, Rustenburg, 03.iii.1958. D. W. Rorke, Ac[quisition]. no. 2047, in
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED15CA83B141FFD8F22BFDFF8B8ECEE1" box="[883,964,620,644]" country="South Africa" name="Transvaal Museum" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">TMSA</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B6C581BB141FFD8F296FDFF8986CEC2" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3464736370" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">
|
||
1 specimen, same locality data except the date 04.iii.1958, in
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED15CA83B141FFD8F02FFD1C8982CEC2" box="[375,456,655,679]" country="South Africa" name="Transvaal Museum" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">TMSA</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B6C581BB141FFD8F08DFD1C8937CEA9" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3464736385" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">
|
||
1 specimen, Krüger National Park Survey, Olifants Camp, 23.xi.1961. Ac[quisition]. no. 2341, in
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED15CA83B141FFD8F07FFD278932CEA9" box="[295,376,692,716]" country="South Africa" name="Transvaal Museum" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">TMSA</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B6C581BB141FFD8F0DCFD2788A6CE8A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3464736588" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">
|
||
1 specimen, Kruger National Park Survey, Punda Milia, 6–15.v.1975, Potgieter & Scoble, in
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED15CA83B141FFD8F1CFFD4488A2CE8A" box="[151,232,727,751]" country="South Africa" name="Transvaal Museum" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">TMSA</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B6C581BB141FFD8F1ACFD4489D0CF39" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3464736560" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">
|
||
2 specimens, Nylstroom, Deelkraal Farm, 23.ii.1976, M. J. Scoble. Ac[quisition]. no. 3542, in
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED15CA83B141FFD8F468FD448DCBCE8A" box="[1328,1409,727,751]" country="South Africa" name="Transvaal Museum" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">TMSA</collectionCode>
|
||
. 1 specimen, Pretoriuskop [Pretorius Kop], 02.vi.1980,
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B141FFD8F3ACFD6E8B27CF71" box="[756,877,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">
|
||
on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B141FFD8F242FD6F8B27CF71" box="[794,877,764,788]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Grewia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Grewia</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, e.l. 27.vi.1980, L. Vári, in
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED15CA83B141FFD8F5EDFD6F8D4CCF71" box="[1205,1286,764,788]" country="South Africa" name="Transvaal Museum" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">TMSA</collectionCode>
|
||
. 1 specimen, Skukuza, 27.vi.1980, L. Vári, Ac[quisition]. no. 3820, in
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED15CA83B141FFD8F272FC8C8B31CF52" box="[810,891,799,823]" country="South Africa" name="Transvaal Museum" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">TMSA</collectionCode>
|
||
. 1 specimen, same locality data except the date 04.vii.1980, in
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED15CA83B141FFD8F01CFCD789DFCF39" box="[324,405,836,860]" country="South Africa" name="Transvaal Museum" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">TMSA</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B6C581BB141FFD8F0FAFCD78B40CF1A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3464736344" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B141FFD8F0FAFCD789B6CF39" bold="true" box="[418,508,836,860]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Yemen:</emphasis>
|
||
1♂, prov[ince]. Ibb, 5 km NE Al Qa’jdah [Al Qa’idah], 1850 m, 28.iv.1998, leg. M. Fibiger
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B141FFD8F04DFCFA890DCFE5" box="[277,327,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">et al</emphasis>
|
||
., gen. prep. De Prins 3717♂, in
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED15CA83B141FFD8F3EAFCF48B4DCF1A" box="[690,775,871,895]" country="Denmark" name="Zoological Museum, University of Copenhagen" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">ZMUC</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31E01CDB141FFD9F19FFC18895ACE8A" lastPageId="83" lastPageNumber="84" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBB5246B141FFD8F19FFC188BFBCFC6" blockId="82.[151,1436,151,2012]" box="[199,945,907,932]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B141FFD8F19FFC18893ECFC1" bold="true" box="[199,372,907,932]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" reason="1">Redescription.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B141FFD8F023FC1F89F2CFC1" box="[379,440,908,932]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Adult</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="133F4EC3B141FFD8F09EFC1F8A03CFC1" box="[454,585,908,932]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 51–56" captionStart-1="FIGURES 57–62" captionStartId-0="196.[151,263,1828,1851]" captionStartId-1="197.[151,263,1831,1854]" captionTargetBox-0="[209,1378,187,1807]" captionTargetBox-1="[237,1354,181,1816]" captionTargetId-0="figure-133@196.[209,1378,137,1855]" captionTargetId-1="figure-134@197.[237,1355,181,1816]" captionTargetPageId-0="196" captionTargetPageId-1="197" captionText-0="FIGURES 51–56. Adults. Scale bar 1 mm. 51, Phyllonorycter grewiaephilos, holotype ♂, Kenya, Tsavo, mine 12.iv.2002, leg. J. De Prins, specimen ID: RMCA ENT 00000307. 52, Phyllonorycter grewiaephilos, paratype ♂, Kenya, Tsavo, mine 12.iv.2002, leg. J. De Prins, specimen ID: RMCA ENT 000003076. 53, Phyllonorycter grewiella, holotype 6373♂, South Africa, Malelane, 24.iii.1952, leg. A.J.T. Janse & L. Vári, in TMSA. 54, Phyllonorycter grewiella, ♂, Kenya, Tsavo, mine 12.iv.2002, leg. J. De Prins, specimen ID: RMCA ENT 000003111. 55, Phyllonorycter grewiella, ♀, Kenya, Tsavo, mine 12.iv.2002, leg. J. De Prins, specimen ID: RMCA ENT 000003112. 56, Phyllonorycter grewiella, ♀, Namibia, Erongo, 15–16.iii.2005, leg. W. Mey, in ZMHB." captionText-1="FIGURES 57–62. Adults. Scale bar 1 mm. 57, Phyllonorycter grewiella, ♂, Yemen, Ibb, Al Qa’idah, 28.iv.1998, leg. M. Fibiger et al., in ZMUC. 58, Phyllonorycter acutulus, holotype ♂, Kenya, Aberdares, 12.iv.2000, leg. U. Dall’Asta, specimen ID: RMCA ENT 000004451. 59, Phyllonorycter brachylaenae, holotype 6414♂, South Africa, Pretoria, 20.x.1949, leg. L. Vári, in TMSA. 60, Phyllonorycter brachylaenae, ♀, South Africa, Pretoria, 18.iii.1955, leg. L. Vári, specimen ID: RMCA ENT 000004114. 61, Phyllonorycter dombeyae, holotype ♂, South Africa, KwaZulu-Natal, Hluhluwe-Imfolozi, mine 15.vii.2008, leg. C. Lopez-Vaamonde, specimen ID: RMCA ENT 000005040. 62, Phyllonorycter hibiscina, holotype 6403♂, South Africa, Hennops River, 12.ix.1950, leg. L. Vári, in TMSA." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6052169" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6052173" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/6052169/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/6052173/files/figure.png" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Figs 53–57</figureCitation>
|
||
). Forewing length: 2.4–2.8 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBB5246B141FFD8F19FFC2389D2C81E" blockId="82.[151,1436,151,2012]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B141FFD8F19FFC238947CFAD" box="[199,269,944,968]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Head:</emphasis>
|
||
Vertex tufted with white piliform scales with a faint suffusion of ochreous brown scales; frons smooth, shiny white. Labial palpus as long as diameter of compound eye, white (in a few specimens last segments golden fuscous), apically pointed, directed downwards. Maxillary palpus white, small, proboscis pale beige with light golden shine. Antenna as long as forewing, not ringed, smooth scaled, first four flagellomeres dirty white, remaining flagellomeres light ochreous with golden shine; pedicel shiny white, scape dirty white, pecten white, thick, as long as scape.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBB5246B141FFD8F19FFB1B8B05CA85" blockId="82.[151,1436,151,2012]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B141FFD8F19FFB1B8952C8C5" box="[199,280,1160,1184]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Thorax</emphasis>
|
||
: Ochreous brown with a broad transverse white band anteriorly; tegulae white. Forewing ochreous dark golden with metallic shine with white marking consisting of three tiny costal markings and two large dorsal strigulae; costa with white streak stretching from base to middle of forewing, broader basally and gently tapering apically, edged dorsally; second costal strigula is beyond middle of forewing, narrow spine shaped, oblique, edged basally, third costal strigula at 3/5 oblique, very narrow, consisting of dirty white and golden fuscous scales, obscure, edged basally with black scales; first dorsal strigula at 1/4, broad white, oblique, curved, pointed at middle of forewing, edged with black scales from both sides, second dorsal strigula (patch) at 3/4, white, broad, triangularshaped, edged with black scales basally; apical area of forewing with irroration of fine blackish scales, more dense at tornal sector; a black apical dot present, outer margin of forewing edged with fringe line; fringe pale, very short from apex to tornus, and twice longer along dorsum. Hindwing greyish fuscous with long pale golden shiny fringe. Legs pale, with dark brown markings; fore femur ochreous fuscous, fore tibia fuscous with dirty white basal 1/4, tarsomeres I–III fuscous, apical trasomeres ochreous; mid-tibia with two oblique fuscous ochreous parallel patches, first patch from 1/4 of tibia to middle, second patch from middle to apex; tarsomeres I–II with fuscous basal halves, terminal tarsomeres dirty white; tibial spurs dirty white; hind femur light ochreous, hind tibia ringed with two fuscous stripes, first stripe runs from base to 1/4 of hind tibia, second stripe at apical 1/4 of hind tibia; apical and medial tibial spurs almost of same length, light ochreous; tarsomere I with apical fuscous patch, tarsomere II with basal fuscous patch, terminal tarsomeres III–V light ochreous.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBB5246B141FFD8F19FF97F8B66CB42" blockId="82.[151,1436,151,2012]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B141FFD8F19FF97F897BCB61" box="[199,305,1772,1796]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||
: Fuscous dorsally, golden shiny ventrally, terga VII and VIII light fuscous. Sternum VIII in males well developed, big, tapering caudally with bidentate apex.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBB5246B141FFD9F19FF8A78B09CD06" blockId="82.[151,1436,151,2012]" lastBlockId="83.[151,1437,151,2012]" lastPageId="83" lastPageNumber="84" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B141FFD8F19FF8A78927CB29" box="[199,365,1844,1868]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Male genitalia</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="133F4EC3B141FFD8F026F8A78A55CB29" box="[382,543,1844,1868]" captionStart="FIGURES 201–205" captionStartId="223.[151,263,1939,1962]" captionTargetBox="[377,1215,187,1897]" captionTargetId="figure-66@223.[370,1218,177,1919]" captionTargetPageId="223" captionText="FIGURES 201–205. Male genitalia. Scale bar 100 µm. 201–205, Phyllonorycter grewiella. 201–202, holotype, the drawing is made by Willy De Prins after the genitalia prep. Vári 7523, in TMSA. 201, valva. 202, sternum VIII. 203–205, genitalia prep. De Prins 3717, in ZMUC. 203, ventral view. 204, sternum VIII. 205, aedoeagus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6052280" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6052280/files/figure.png" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Figs 201–205</figureCitation>
|
||
). Tegumen very long (860 µm), cylindrical, somewhat elongate-quadrangular, with small pointed peak at apex; tegumenal arms sclerotized, broad at bases and narrow at apical half, slightly sinuating at basal 1/3, approaching each other at apical 1/3 forming inverted elongate V, narrowly connected at apex; also with weakly sclerotized ark shaped, narrow rounded bridge running from dorsomedian part and reaching 2/3 length of tegumenal arm. Valvae symmetrical, broad at base, as long as tegumen, ca. 860 µm, gently tapering from beyond half and abruptly narrow at apical 1/5; apex and subapical area set with 5–6 long bristles (ca. 115 µm) and multiple shorter bristles, stiff setae (50 µm in length); a spine, 66 µm long, at 2/3 length of valval ventral margin. Vinculum broad, sclerotized, crescent-shaped, with slender saccus of moderate length, ca. 175 µm long, caudal part of slightly enlarged, with rounded apex. Aedoeagus as long as sternum VIII, ca. 810 µm, gently tapering from coecum to middle, then nearly straight and bending caudally with truncate vesica; apical third of aedoaegus with a single cornutus in form of an elongate scar.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBB5246B140FFD9F19FFEE3895ACE8A" blockId="83.[151,1437,151,2012]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B140FFD9F19FFEE389C1CDED" box="[199,395,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Female genitalia</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="133F4EC3B140FFD9F0F8FEFC8A06CDE2" box="[416,588,367,391]" captionStart="FIGURES 314–317" captionStartId="254.[151,264,1827,1850]" captionTargetBox="[172,1415,194,1783]" captionTargetId="figure-60@254.[151,1436,193,1802]" captionTargetPageId="254" captionText="FIGURES 314–317. Female genitalia. Scale bar 200 µm. 314–315, Phyllonorycter grewiella, genitalia prep. MRAC/KMMA 00262, in RMCA. 314, segments VII–X, lateral view. 315, corpus bursae. 316–317, Phyllonorycter acutulus, holotype, genitalia prep. MRAC/KMMA 00419, in RMCA. 316, segments VII–X, ventral view. 317, corpus bursae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6052410" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6052410/files/figure.png" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Figs 314, 315</figureCitation>
|
||
). Papillae anales connected dorsally, flattened, ca. 3× wider than long, sclerotized posteriorly, covered with very small penaculate tubercules of setae posteriorly and bigger penaculate tubercules anteriorly, setae as long as papillae anales, basal bar narrow, slightly wider ventrad at base of posterior apophyses. Posterior apophyses sclerotized, ca. 0.38 mm long, reaching posterior 1/3 segment VII, slender and apically pointed. Segment VIII not sclerotized, weakly connected ventrally and dorsally. Anterior apophyses half of length of posterior, ca. 0.20 mm, located at posterior 1/3 of segment VII. Segment VII strongly scletotized. Sterigma simple, ostium located at posterior margin of segment VII. Ductus bursae very long, ca. 3.5× as long as segment VII, equally narrow along length. Corpus bursae rounded, ca. 0.23 × 0.21 mm, diameter ca. ½ of posterior margin of segment VII, with rounded sclerotized area in anterior poriton of corpus bursae bearing delta-shaped signum and covered with tiny short spines, occupying almost 1/3 of anterior membranous portion of bursa copulatrix.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31E01CDB140FFD9F19FFD6F8B37CF39" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBB5246B140FFD9F19FFD6F8B37CF39" blockId="83.[151,1437,151,2012]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B140FFD9F19FFD6F8963CF71" box="[199,297,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
. The illustration of the female genitalia in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF952FB7B140FFD9F27AFD6F8BEECF71" author="Vari" box="[802,932,764,788]" firstAuthor="Vari" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" refId="ref201509" refString="Vari, L. (1961) South African Lepidoptera. Vol. I. Lithocolletidae. Transvaal Museum Memoir, 12, 238 pp. 112 pls." type="book" year="1961">Vári (1961</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: pl.104: 3) may be misleading.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF952FB7B140FFD9F44FFD6F8886CF52" author="Vari" firstAuthor="Vari" page="214" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" refId="ref201509" refString="Vari, L. (1961) South African Lepidoptera. Vol. I. Lithocolletidae. Transvaal Museum Memoir, 12, 238 pp. 112 pls." type="book" year="1961">Vári (1961: 214)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, while observing the genitalia preparation LV 7135, made from the female paratype specimen No 6374 states, that “ductus and corpus bursae are not perceptible in preparation”.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31E01CDB140FFD9F19FFCF48940C86A" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBB5246B140FFD9F19FFCF48C73CFA2" blockId="83.[151,1437,151,2012]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B140FFD9F19FFCF4890BCFE5" bold="true" box="[199,321,871,896]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" reason="1">Variation.</emphasis>
|
||
The tuft of scales on the head can slightly vary in density of suffusion of ochreous piliform brown scales. The background colour of mesothoracic and metathoracic legs can vary from dirty white to pale yellow. The ground colour of forewings can have slightly different dark ochreous gold shading.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBB5246B140FFD9F19FFC408940C86A" blockId="83.[151,1437,151,2012]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B140FFD9F19FFC4089C1CF89" bold="true" box="[199,395,979,1004]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">DNA sequences.</emphasis>
|
||
A COI barcode is available for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B140FFD9F25DFC468BC6CF89" box="[773,908,980,1004]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Lithocolletis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grewiella">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B140FFD9F25DFC468BC6CF89" box="[773,908,980,1004]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">P. grewiella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Molecular sample code: Pgrew [
|
||
<accessionNumber id="9457CFA5B140FFD9F44DFC478DDACF89" box="[1301,1424,980,1004]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/JX888182" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">JX888182</accessionNumber>
|
||
];
|
||
<tableCitation id="C68667FDB140FFD9F1CFFC6488B0C86A" box="[151,250,1015,1039]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="7.[150,238,1090,1114]" captionTargetBox="[165,1418,1147,1973]" captionText="TABLE 1. Notable historical publications of Lithocolletinae." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF7B02CEB114FF8DF1CEFBD18B6EC83C" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" tableUuid="DF7B02CEB114FF8DF1CEFBD18B6EC83C">Table S1</tableCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31E01CDB140FFD9F19FFB888B55C819" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBB5246B140FFD9F19FFB888CD3C832" blockId="83.[151,1437,151,2012]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B140FFD9F19FFB888960C851" bold="true" box="[199,298,1051,1076]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" reason="1">Habitat.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B140FFD9F06DFB8F8A1BC851" box="[309,593,1052,1076]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grewiella">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B140FFD9F06DFB8F8A1BC851" box="[309,593,1052,1076]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Phyllonorycter grewiella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is found in coastal savannahs of southern and East Africa, also forests belonging to the Zanzibar-Inhambane floristic region and in coastal Yemen (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133F4EC3B140FFD9F2B6FBAC8CC7C832" box="[1006,1165,1087,1111]" captionStart="FIGURES 437–440" captionStartId="280.[151,263,1154,1177]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1129]" captionTargetId="figure-99@280.[151,1436,193,1129]" captionTargetPageId="280" captionText="FIGURES 437–440. Habitats of Afrotropical Lithocolletinae species. 437, Arabuko Sokoke Forest, Kenya, April 2001. The habitat contains elements of coastal mixed forest as well as miombo / Cynometra woodland. 438, Tsavo, Kenya, April 2002. The habitat contains elements of semi-arid grassland and savannah. 439, Ololua Forest, Rift Valley, Kenya, April 2002. The habitat is dominated by tree vegetation. 440, Taita Hills, Kenya, April 2003. The habitat is a precambrian mountain range covered with moist forest housing many endemic species of flora and fauna." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6052511" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6052511/files/figure.png" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Figs 437, 438</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBB5246B140FFD9F19FFBF78B55C819" blockId="83.[151,1437,151,2012]" box="[199,799,1123,1148]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B140FFD9F19FFBF78922C819" bold="true" box="[199,360,1123,1148]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" reason="1">Host plant(s).</emphasis>
|
||
Seven species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B140FFD9F369FBF78B56C819" box="[561,796,1124,1148]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Grewia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B140FFD9F369FBF78ACEC819" box="[561,644,1124,1148]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Grewia</emphasis>
|
||
(Malvaceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31E01CDB140FFD9F19FFB1B8AD0CABA" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBB5246B140FFD9F19FFB1B8A69C8FA" blockId="83.[151,1437,151,2012]" box="[199,547,1159,1184]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B140FFD9F19FFB1B8937C8FA" authority="Meisn." authorityName="Meisn." box="[199,381,1159,1184]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Grewia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="caffra">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B140FFD9F19FFB1B8962C8C5" box="[199,296,1160,1184]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">G. caffra</emphasis>
|
||
Meisn.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B140FFD9F0DBFB148A56C8C5" bold="true" box="[387,540,1159,1184]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">(new record)</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBB5246B140FFD9F19FFB3F8BA6C969" blockId="83.[151,1437,151,2012]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B140FFD9F19FFB3F89DEC8A1" authority="Gaertn." authorityName="Gaertn." box="[199,404,1196,1220]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Grewia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="damine">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B140FFD9F19FFB3F8972C8A1" box="[199,312,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">G. damine</emphasis>
|
||
Gaertn.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B140FFD9F0E4FB3F8A2FC8A1" authority="Juss" authorityName="Juss" box="[444,613,1196,1220]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Grewia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bicolor">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B140FFD9F0E4FB3F8A67C8A1" box="[444,557,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">G. bicolor</emphasis>
|
||
Juss
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).—In note 0496 written by Vári on 02 April 1952 (manuscript notebook of Vári) it is stated that he collected at “Skukuza 1+ some empty mines of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B140FFD9F282FB438C2CC88D" authorityName="Hubner" authorityYear="1825" box="[986,1126,1232,1256]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Lithocolletis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B140FFD9F282FB438C2CC88D" box="[986,1126,1232,1256]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Lithocolletis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(=0447) on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B140FFD9F5A9FB438887C96E" authority="Juss." authorityName="Juss." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Grewia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" sensu="lato" species="bicolor">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B140FFD9F5A9FB438DD6C88D" box="[1265,1436,1232,1256]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Grewia bicolor</emphasis>
|
||
Juss.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A243332FB140FFD9F18CFB6788B6C969" box="[212,252,1268,1292]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" sensu="lato">s. l.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(= 0458) [0458 =
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B140FFD9F092FB678A7DC969" authorityName="Heyden" authorityYear="1843" box="[458,567,1268,1292]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Nepticula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B140FFD9F092FB678A7DC969" box="[458,567,1268,1292]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Nepticula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
]. [
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B140FFD9F30FFB668A96C969" box="[599,732,1268,1292]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grewiella">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B140FFD9F30FFB668A96C969" box="[599,732,1268,1292]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">P. grewiella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[types]]”
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B140FFD9F215FB608B91C969" bold="true" box="[845,987,1267,1292]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">(new record</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBB5246B140FFD9F19FFA8B8A2AC912" blockId="83.[151,1437,151,2012]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B140FFD9F19FFA8B891AC94A" authority="DC." authorityName="DC." box="[199,336,1303,1328]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Grewia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="flava">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B140FFD9F19FFA8B896AC955" box="[199,288,1304,1328]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">G. flava</emphasis>
|
||
DC.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
—In note 3542 written by Vári on 19 February 1976 (manuscript notebook of Vári) it is stated that he collected in “Dellkraal 2 mines of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B140FFD9F30AFAAF8A97C931" authorityName="Wallengren" authorityYear="1881" box="[594,733,1340,1364]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Acrocercops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B140FFD9F30AFAAF8A97C931" box="[594,733,1340,1364]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Acrocercops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[recte
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B140FFD9F26AFAAF8B90C931" authorityName="Hubner" authorityYear="1822" box="[818,986,1340,1364]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B140FFD9F26AFAAF8B90C931" box="[818,986,1340,1364]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Phyllonorycter</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
] on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B140FFD9F54CFAAF8CE3C931" box="[1044,1193,1340,1364]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Grewia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="flava">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B140FFD9F54CFAAF8CE3C931" box="[1044,1193,1340,1364]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Grewia flava</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. First moth emerged 23.ii.1976. [
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B140FFD9F078FAF289EEC91D" box="[288,420,1376,1400]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grewiella">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B140FFD9F078FAF289EEC91D" box="[288,420,1376,1400]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">P. grewiella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
]” (
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B140FFD9F092FAF38A1AC91D" bold="true" box="[458,592,1376,1400]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">new record</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBB5246B140FFD9F19FFA178898C9DA" blockId="83.[151,1437,151,2012]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB147568B140FFD9F19FFA178898C9DA" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B140FFD9F19FFA1789DFC9F9" ID-CoL="3HD9S" authority="Juss." authorityName="Juss." box="[199,405,1412,1436]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Grewia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="flavescens">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B140FFD9F19FFA178910C9F9" box="[199,346,1412,1436]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">G. flavescens</emphasis>
|
||
Juss.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AA57457B140FFD9F0EAFA178A3EC9F9" author="Vari, L." box="[434,628,1412,1436]" page="214" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" year="1961">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF952FB7B140FFD9F0EAFA178A3EC9F9" author="Vari" box="[434,628,1412,1436]" firstAuthor="Vari" page="214" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" refId="ref201509" refString="Vari, L. (1961) South African Lepidoptera. Vol. I. Lithocolletidae. Transvaal Museum Memoir, 12, 238 pp. 112 pls." type="book" year="1961">Vári (1961: 214)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AA57457B140FFD9F3D9FA178B1DC9F9" author="Kroon, D. M." box="[641,855,1412,1436]" page="104" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" year="1999">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF952FB7B140FFD9F3D9FA178B1DC9F9" author="Kroon" box="[641,855,1412,1436]" firstAuthor="Kroon" page="104" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" pagination="1 - 48" refId="ref195458" refString="Kroon, D. M. (1999) Lepidoptera of Southern Africa: host-plants and other associations. Sasolburg Litho (Pty) Ltd., 160 1 - 48 pp." type="book chapter" year="1999">Kroon (1999: 104)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AA57457B140FFD9F23DFA178C19C9F9" author="Dall'Asta, U. & De Prins, J. & De Prins, W." box="[869,1107,1412,1436]" page="34" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" year="2001">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF952FB7B140FFD9F23DFA178C19C9F9" author="Dall'Asta" box="[869,1107,1412,1436]" firstAuthor="Dall'Asta" page="34" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" refId="ref191504" refString="Dall'Asta, U., De Prins, J. & De Prins, W. (2001) Preliminary checklist of Gracillariidae of the Afrotropical Region. Zoologische Documentatie, Koninklijk Museum voor Midden-Afrika, Tervuren, Belgie, 25, 48 pp." type="book" year="2001">Dall’Asta (2001: 34)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AA57457B140FFD9F538FA178887C9DA" author="De Prins, W. & De Prins, J." page="298" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" year="2005">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF952FB7B140FFD9F538FA178887C9DA" author="De Prins & De Prins" firstAuthor="De Prins" page="298" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" refId="ref192296" refString="De Prins, W. & De Prins, J. (2005) Gracillariidae (Lepidoptera). In: Landry, B. (Ed.), World catalogue of insects. Volume 6. Apollo Books, Stenstrup, 502 pp." type="book" year="2005">De Prins & De Prins (2005: 298)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBB5246B140FFD9F19FFA5F8C36CA2A" blockId="83.[151,1437,151,2012]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B140FFD9F19FFA5F89EEC986" authority="Burret" authorityName="Burret" authorityYear="1910" box="[199,420,1484,1508]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Grewia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hexamita">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B140FFD9F19FFA5F891BC981" box="[199,337,1484,1508]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">G. hexamita</emphasis>
|
||
Burret
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B140FFD9F08BFA5F8BDBC981" authority="Burtt Davy & Greenway" authorityName="Burtt Davy & Greenway" box="[467,913,1484,1508]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Grewia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="messinica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B140FFD9F08BFA5F8A2EC981" box="[467,612,1484,1508]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">G. messinica</emphasis>
|
||
Burtt Davy & Greenway
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
)—
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF952FB7B140FFD9F2EDFA5F8C36C981" author="Vari" box="[949,1148,1484,1508]" firstAuthor="Vari" page="214" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" refId="ref201509" refString="Vari, L. (1961) South African Lepidoptera. Vol. I. Lithocolletidae. Transvaal Museum Memoir, 12, 238 pp. 112 pls." type="book" year="1961">Vári (1961: 214)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF952FB7B140FFD9F5D4FA5F8D1BC981" author="Kroon" box="[1164,1361,1484,1508]" firstAuthor="Kroon" page="35" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" pagination="1 - 48" refId="ref195458" refString="Kroon, D. M. (1999) Lepidoptera of Southern Africa: host-plants and other associations. Sasolburg Litho (Pty) Ltd., 160 1 - 48 pp." type="book chapter" year="1999">Kroon (1999: 35</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, 104),
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF952FB7B140FFD9F1CFFA7C8987CA62" author="Dall'Asta" box="[151,461,1519,1544]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Dall'Asta" page="34" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" refId="ref191504" refString="Dall'Asta, U., De Prins, J. & De Prins, W. (2001) Preliminary checklist of Gracillariidae of the Afrotropical Region. Zoologische Documentatie, Koninklijk Museum voor Midden-Afrika, Tervuren, Belgie, 25, 48 pp." type="book" year="2001">
|
||
Dall’Asta
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B140FFD9F055FA628908CA6D" box="[269,322,1520,1544]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2001: 34)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF952FB7B140FFD9F083FA638B2ACA62" author="De Prins & De Prins" box="[475,864,1519,1543]" firstAuthor="De Prins" page="298" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" refId="ref192296" refString="De Prins, W. & De Prins, J. (2005) Gracillariidae (Lepidoptera). In: Landry, B. (Ed.), World catalogue of insects. Volume 6. Apollo Books, Stenstrup, 502 pp." type="book" year="2005">De Prins & De Prins (2005: 298)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. In note 0447 written by Vári on 24 March 1952 (manuscript notebook of Vári) it is stated that he collected at “ Skukuza some mines of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B140FFD9F5D6F9878D50CA49" authorityName="Hubner" authorityYear="1825" box="[1166,1306,1556,1580]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Lithocolletis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B140FFD9F5D6F9878D50CA49" box="[1166,1306,1556,1580]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Lithocolletis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B140FFD9F411F987894CCA2A" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Grewia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="messinica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B140FFD9F411F987894CCA2A" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Grewia messinica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(= 0446) [0446 =
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B140FFD9F08CF9AB8A0BCA35" authorityName="Heyden" authorityYear="1843" box="[468,577,1592,1616]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Nepticula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B140FFD9F08CF9AB8A0BCA35" box="[468,577,1592,1616]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Nepticula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
]. Moth emerged 02.iv.1952. [
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B140FFD9F2C8F9AA8C5ECA35" box="[912,1044,1592,1616]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grewiella">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B140FFD9F2C8F9AA8C5ECA35" box="[912,1044,1592,1616]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">P. grewiella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[types]”.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBB5246B140FFD9F19FF9CF8B45CADE" blockId="83.[151,1437,151,2012]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B140FFD9F19FF9CF89EACA11" authority="Sond." authorityName="Sond." box="[199,416,1628,1652]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Grewia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="monticola">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B140FFD9F19FF9CF8912CA11" box="[199,344,1628,1652]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">G. monticola</emphasis>
|
||
Sond.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
—In note 2047 written by Vári on 23 February 1958 (manuscript notebook of Vári) it is stated that D. W. Rorke collected at “Rustenburg some mines of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B140FFD9F2D3F9138C5DCAFD" authorityName="Hubner" authorityYear="1825" box="[907,1047,1664,1688]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Lithocolletis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B140FFD9F2D3F9138C5DCAFD" box="[907,1047,1664,1688]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Lithocolletis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B140FFD9F51FF9138DD6CAF2" authority="Sond. First" authorityName="Sond. First" box="[1095,1436,1663,1688]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Grewia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="monticola">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B140FFD9F51FF9138D5ECAFD" box="[1095,1300,1664,1688]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Grewia monticola</emphasis>
|
||
Sond. First
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
moth emerged 03.iii.1958. [
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B140FFD9F097F9368A19CAD9" box="[463,595,1700,1724]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grewiella">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B140FFD9F097F9368A19CAD9" box="[463,595,1700,1724]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">P. grewiella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
]”
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B140FFD9F328F9308B42CAD9" bold="true" box="[624,776,1699,1724]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">(new record)</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBB5246B140FFD9F19FF95B8AD0CABA" blockId="83.[151,1437,151,2012]" box="[199,666,1735,1760]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B140FFD9F19FF95B8934CABA" authority="Willd." authorityName="Willd." box="[199,382,1735,1760]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Grewia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="villosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B140FFD9F19FF95B897ACA85" box="[199,304,1736,1760]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">G. villosa</emphasis>
|
||
Willd.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B140FFD9F0DCF9548A57CA85" bold="true" box="[388,541,1735,1760]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">(new record)</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="133F4EC3B140FFD9F374F9548AC5CABA" box="[556,655,1735,1759]" captionStart="FIGURES 427–431" captionStartId="278.[151,263,1486,1509]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1465]" captionTargetId="figure-83@278.[151,1436,193,1465]" captionTargetPageId="278" captionText="FIGURES 427–431. Leaf mines of Afrotropical Lithocolletinae species. 427, Phyllonorycter grewiaecola abaxial mine on Grewia tristis [Malvaceae], Tsavo, Kenya, 12 April 2002. 428–429, Phyllonorycter grewiaephilos mine on Grewia villosa [Malvaceae], Tsavo, Kenya, 23 March, 2004. 428, adaxial side. 429, abaxial blotch/tentiform mine. 430, Phyllonorycter grewiella mine on Grewia villosa [Malvaceae], Tsavo, Kenya, 12 April 2002. 431, Phyllonorycter ocimellus mine on Ocimum gratissimum [Lamiaceae], Taita Hills, Kenya, 09 April, 2001." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6052505" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6052505/files/figure.png" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Fig. 430</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31E01CDB140FFD9F19FF9788B3BCBDD" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBB5246B140FFD9F19FF9788A9ACB29" blockId="83.[151,1437,151,2012]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B140FFD9F19FF9788946CB61" bold="true" box="[199,268,1771,1796]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Mine.</emphasis>
|
||
An upperside tentiform mine, shaped as an oval blotch which can reach 30 mm in diameter with one or two folds. Frass black and loose in mine, pupation without cocoon. Exuvium protrudes epidermis before adult emerges. Mines were found on large young leaves.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBB5246B140FFD9F19FF8C48B3BCBDD" blockId="83.[151,1437,151,2012]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B140FFD9F19FF8C48925CB15" bold="true" box="[199,367,1879,1904]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" reason="1">Flight period.</emphasis>
|
||
Most specimens were reared and collected during every month of the year except August, October and December. The earliest record of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B140FFD9F3FDF8EE8B60CBF1" box="[677,810,1916,1940]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grewiella">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B140FFD9F3FDF8EE8B60CBF1" box="[677,810,1916,1940]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">P. grewiella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is 14 January, the latest 23 November. The majority of specimens were bred and collected in late March and early April.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31E01CDB140FFDEF19FF8508D08CC92" lastPageId="84" lastPageNumber="85" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBB5246B140FFDEF19FF8508D08CC92" blockId="83.[151,1437,151,2012]" lastBlockId="84.[151,1436,151,248]" lastPageId="84" lastPageNumber="85" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B140FFD9F19FF850892ACBB9" bold="true" box="[199,352,1987,2012]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" reason="1">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="133F4EC3B140FFD9F028F8578985CBB9" box="[368,463,1988,2012]" captionStart="FIGURES 367–378" captionStartId="273.[151,263,1910,1933]" captionTargetBox="[227,1355,191,1884]" captionTargetId="figure-75@273.[219,1370,179,1894]" captionTargetPageId="273" captionText="FIGURES 367–378. Distribution of Afrotropical Lithocolletinae species. 367, Phyllonorycter achilleus. 368, Phyllonorycter adderis. 369, Phyllonorycter agassizi. 370, Phyllonorycter chionopa. 371, Phyllonorycter encaeria. 372, Phyllonorycter kazuri. 373, Phyllonorycter lantanae. 374, Phyllonorycter gato. 375, Phyllonorycter grewiaecola. 376, Phyllonorycter grewiaephilos. 377, Phyllonorycter grewiella. 378, Phyllonorycter acutulus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6052487" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6052487/files/figure.png" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Fig. 377</figureCitation>
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B140FFD9F097F8508995CBB9" bold="true" box="[463,479,1987,2012]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">).</emphasis>
|
||
This species is recorded from Botswana, Kenya, Namibia, Yemen
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B140FFD9F58BF8508DD6CBB9" bold="true" box="[1235,1436,1987,2012]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">(all new records)</emphasis>
|
||
and a few localities in South Africa (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF952FB7B147FFDEF363FF048AA7CCCA" author="Vari" box="[571,749,151,175]" firstAuthor="Vari" page="214" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" refId="ref201509" refString="Vari, L. (1961) South African Lepidoptera. Vol. I. Lithocolletidae. Transvaal Museum Memoir, 12, 238 pp. 112 pls." type="book" year="1961">Vári 1961: 214</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The single record from Bontebok (Cape Province) (Lopez-Vaamonde
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B147FFDEF04BFF2E8909CCB1" box="[275,323,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2003: 1818) is not included in our distribution map because it is a questionable record. The species was identified from a single larva only, taken from a mine on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0429C5B147FFDEF212FF738B8ECC92" box="[842,964,224,248]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Grewia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9708E54B147FFDEF212FF738BD7CC9D" box="[842,925,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Grewia</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Lopez-Vaamonde, pers. comm.).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |