209 lines
17 KiB
XML
209 lines
17 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6458594" ID-GBIF-Dataset="adeeb71f-7f8d-4e00-bc9f-35089363f76e" ID-ISBN="978-84-16728-19-0" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6458594" approvalRequired="120" approvalRequired_for_taxonomicNames="95" approvalRequired_for_treatments="25" checkinTime="1600878147105" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Don E. Wilson & Russell A. Mittermeier" docDate="2019" docId="03A687BCFFFDFFFD138AF9A2FD0CFFC0" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_9_Phyllostomidae_444.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Mesophylla macconnelli Thomas 1901" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="560" masterDocId="FF9FFFC4FFB1FFB1133CFFBAFFE0F244" masterDocTitle="Phyllostomidae" masterLastPageNumber="583" masterPageNumber="444" pageNumber="560" updateTime="1656353518553" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
||
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>Phyllostomidae</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
|
||
<mods:originInfo>
|
||
<mods:dateIssued>2019</mods:dateIssued>
|
||
<mods:dateOther type="pubDate">2019-10-31</mods:dateOther>
|
||
<mods:publisher>Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
|
||
<mods:place>
|
||
<mods:placeTerm>Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
|
||
</mods:place>
|
||
</mods:originInfo>
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part>
|
||
<mods:extent unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start>444</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end>583</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:classification>book chapter</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6458594</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">adeeb71f-7f8d-4e00-bc9f-35089363f76e</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="ISBN">978-84-16728-19-0</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">6458594</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6760883" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6760883" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A687BCFFFDFFFD138AF9A2FD0CFFC0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A687BCFFFDFFFD138AF9A2FD0CFFC0" lastPageNumber="560" pageId="76" pageNumber="560">
|
||
<subSubSection box="[182,262,1560,1606]" pageId="76" pageNumber="560" type="multiple">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="76.[178,1221,1560,1649]" box="[182,262,1560,1606]" pageId="76" pageNumber="560">
|
||
<heading box="[182,262,1560,1606]" pageId="76" pageNumber="560">
|
||
<figureCitation box="[182,262,1560,1606]" captionStart="Plate 42: Phyllostomidae" captionStartId="69.[132,162,3301,3326]" captionTargetBox="[19,2765,12,3653]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="143. Guadeloupean Big-eyed Bat (Charoderma tmprovisum), 144. Little Big-eyed Bat (Charoderma trinitatum), 145. Salvin’s Big-eyed Bat (Chiroderma salvini), 146. Hairy Big-eyed Bat (Chiroderma villosum), 147. Brazilian Big-eyed Bat (Chiroderma doriae), 148. Vizotto’s Big-eyed Bat (Chiroderma vizottoi), 149. Bidentate Yellow-eared Bat (Vampyriscus bidens), 150. Brock’s Yellow-eared Bat (Vampyriscus brocki), 151. Striped Yellow-eared Bat (Vampyriscus nymphaea), 152. Baker’s Tent-making Bat (Uroderma bakeri), 153. Common Tent-making Bat (Uroderma bilobatum), 154. Pacific Tent-making Bat (Uroderma convexum), 155. Davis’s Tent-making Bat (Uroderma dauvisi), 156. Brown Tent-making Bat (Uroderma magnirostrum), 157. Kalko’s Yellow-eared Bat (Vampyressa elisabethae), 158. Melissa’s Yellow-eared Bat (Vampyressa melissa), 159. Quechuan Yellow-eared Bat (Vampyressa sinchi), 160. Northern Little Yellow-eared Bat (Vampyressa thyone), 161. Southern Little Yellow-eared Bat (Vampyressa pusilla), 162. MacConnell’s Bat (Mesophylla macconnelli), 163. Caracciolo’s Stripe-faced Bat (Vampyrodes caraccioli), 164. Great Stripe-faced Bat (Vampyrodes major)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6459035" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6459035/files/figure.png" pageId="76" pageNumber="560">162.</figureCitation>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection box="[279,647,1560,1606]" pageId="76" pageNumber="560" type="vernacular_names">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="76.[178,1221,1560,1649]" box="[279,647,1560,1606]" pageId="76" pageNumber="560">
|
||
<heading box="[279,647,1560,1606]" pageId="76" pageNumber="560">
|
||
<vernacularName box="[279,647,1560,1606]" pageId="76" pageNumber="560">MacConnell’s Bat</vernacularName>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection box="[716,1142,1560,1606]" pageId="76" pageNumber="560" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="76.[178,1221,1560,1649]" box="[716,1142,1560,1606]" pageId="76" pageNumber="560">
|
||
<heading box="[716,1142,1560,1606]" pageId="76" pageNumber="560">
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Thomas, 1901" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1901" box="[716,1142,1560,1606]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Mesophylla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="76" pageNumber="560" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macconnelli">
|
||
<emphasis box="[716,1142,1560,1606]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="560">Mesophylla macconnelli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection box="[179,1221,1625,1646]" pageId="76" pageNumber="560" type="vernacular_names">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="76.[178,1221,1560,1649]" box="[179,1221,1625,1646]" pageId="76" pageNumber="560">
|
||
<heading box="[179,1221,1625,1646]" pageId="76" pageNumber="560">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[179,254,1625,1646]" pageId="76" pageNumber="560">French:</emphasis>
|
||
<vernacularName box="[260,467,1625,1646]" pageId="76" pageNumber="560">Vampyresse soufrée</vernacularName>
|
||
/
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[488,578,1625,1646]" pageId="76" pageNumber="560">German:</emphasis>
|
||
<vernacularName box="[588,831,1625,1646]" pageId="76" pageNumber="560">MacConnell-Fledermaus</vernacularName>
|
||
/
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[852,943,1625,1646]" pageId="76" pageNumber="560">Spanish:</emphasis>
|
||
<vernacularName box="[953,1221,1625,1646]" pageId="76" pageNumber="560">Murciélago de MacConnell</vernacularName>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="76.[791,1384,1696,2120]" pageId="76" pageNumber="560">
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="76" pageNumber="560" type="reference_group">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[792,944,1696,1725]" pageId="76" pageNumber="560">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Thomas, 1901" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1901" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Mesophylla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="76" pageNumber="560" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macconnelli">Mesophylla macconnelli Thomas, 1901</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation latitude="3.0" longitude="-59.0" pageId="76" pageNumber="560">
|
||
“Kanuku Mountains, about
|
||
<geoCoordinate box="[1287,1376,1735,1764]" degrees="59" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="76" pageNumber="560" precision="55555" value="-59.0">59° W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
. and
|
||
<geoCoordinate box="[856,920,1771,1804]" degrees="3" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="76" pageNumber="560" precision="55555" value="3.0">3° N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
. ...
|
||
<quantity box="[981,1108,1771,1804]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.096" pageId="76" pageNumber="560" unit="ft" value="2000.0">2000 feet</quantity>
|
||
[=
|
||
<quantity box="[1160,1250,1771,1804]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.1" pageId="76" pageNumber="560" unit="m" value="610.0">610 m</quantity>
|
||
],”
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Guyana" name="Upper Takutu-Upper Essequibo" pageId="76" pageNumber="560">Upper Takutu-Upper Essequibo</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[1151,1257,1810,1843]" name="Guyana" pageId="76" pageNumber="560">Guyana</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="76" pageNumber="560" type="discussion">
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[792,1100,1850,1883]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Mesophylla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="76" pageNumber="560" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macconnelli">Mesophylla macconnelli</taxonomicName>
|
||
was considered a species of
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[944,1083,1889,1922]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Vampyressa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="76" pageNumber="560" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Vampyressa</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but recent morphological and molecular studies demonstrate distinctions between
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1084,1223,1968,2001]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Mesophylla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="76" pageNumber="560" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Mesophylla</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Vampyressa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="76" pageNumber="560" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Vampyressa</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Monotypic.
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="76" pageNumber="560" type="distribution">
|
||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6458926" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6458926" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6458926/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="560" targetBox="[176,767,1699,2113]" targetPageId="76">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="76.[791,1384,1696,2120]" lastBlockId="76.[173,1383,2129,3460]" pageId="76" pageNumber="560">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[791,967,2047,2080]" pageId="76" pageNumber="560">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Central America from
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Nicaragua" pageId="76" pageNumber="560">Nicaragua</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[889,1038,2095,2120]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="76" pageNumber="560">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[1119,1232,2095,2120]" name="Panama" pageId="76" pageNumber="560">Panama</collectingCountry>
|
||
to
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Colombia" pageId="76" pageNumber="560">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[233,380,2129,2158]" name="Venezuela" pageId="76" pageNumber="560">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
|
||
, the Guianas,
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[580,662,2129,2158]" name="Brazil" pageId="76" pageNumber="560">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[677,795,2129,2158]" name="Ecuador" pageId="76" pageNumber="560">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
, E
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[837,904,2129,2158]" name="Peru" pageId="76" pageNumber="560">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and N
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[1014,1110,2129,2158]" name="Bolivia" pageId="76" pageNumber="560">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
|
||
; also on
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[1232,1354,2129,2158]" name="Trinidad and Tobago" pageId="76" pageNumber="560">Trinidad</collectingCountry>
|
||
I.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="76" pageNumber="560" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="76.[173,1383,2129,3460]" pageId="76" pageNumber="560">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[176,433,2173,2198]" pageId="76" pageNumber="560">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
|
||
Head-body 45-49 mm (tailless), ear 9:-5-13-5 mm, hindfoot 8-12 mm, forearm 29-5-34 mm; weight 6-8 g. MacConnell’s Batis very delicate and among the smaller species in the family. Dorsal fur is thick, pale gray-brown or pale gray, getting darker toward back; hairs are tricolored, with pale brown bases, whitish middles, and pale brown tips. There is no white stripe along back. Ventralfur is evenly buffy gray. White facial stripes are indistinct or absent. Noseleaf is simple, bright yellow, medium-sized, and rough-edged,;if laid forward, there is a second tiny noseleaf. Ears and noseleaf are bright yellow, with brownish tinge on upper parts of ears. Wing membrane is “mummy brown.” Tragus is pointed, with lobes that project externally on to front. There is a supplementary lobe on antitragus. Forearm,fingers, and thumbs are yellowish pink. Plagiopatagium extends to distal part of metatarsal, attached to curved calcar. Tail membrane is pale brown and short. Dental formulais12/2, C1/1,P 2/2, M 2/3 (
|
||
<date box="[1309,1343,2603,2632]" pageId="76" pageNumber="560">x2</date>
|
||
) = 30. Premolars are delicate and evenly spaced. Skull is relatively small and fragile. Chromosomal complement has 2n = 21/22 and FN = 18. MacConnell’s Bat has a XXXX,/ XX,Y system, with the Y-chromosome translocated to the autosomes.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="76" pageNumber="560" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="76.[173,1383,2129,3460]" pageId="76" pageNumber="560">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[175,286,2757,2790]" pageId="76" pageNumber="560">Habitat.</emphasis>
|
||
Evergreen forests, rainforests (secondary), and commonly lowlands with numerous palms. MacConnell’s Bat has a clear affinity for tropical humid forests.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="76" pageNumber="560" type="food_feeding">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="76.[173,1383,2129,3460]" pageId="76" pageNumber="560">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[175,438,2836,2869]" pageId="76" pageNumber="560">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
|
||
MacConnell’s Bat is mainly frugivorous. In
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[1060,1273,2836,2869]" name="French Guiana" pageId="76" pageNumber="560">French Guiana</collectingCountry>
|
||
, one of seven individuals had pollen in addition to fruits in its fecal samples.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="76" pageNumber="560" type="breeding">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="76.[173,1383,2129,3460]" pageId="76" pageNumber="560">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[175,305,2914,2947]" pageId="76" pageNumber="560">Breeding.</emphasis>
|
||
Female MacConnell’s Bats with young use the same roost until young reach adulthood. Females often change roosts. Pregnant females have been captured in January—March andJuly-September, suggesting bimodal polyestry as in other stenodermatines.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="76" pageNumber="560" type="activity">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="76.[173,1383,2129,3460]" pageId="76" pageNumber="560">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[173,415,3033,3066]" pageId="76" pageNumber="560">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
|
||
MacConnell’s Bat is nocturnal and makes tents for roosting. In
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[175,391,3076,3105]" name="French Guiana" pageId="76" pageNumber="560">French Guiana</collectingCountry>
|
||
, leaf tents were made of bifid terminal leaflets of palm (
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1210,1374,3076,3105]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Astrocaryum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="76" pageNumber="560" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Astrocaryum</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[174,319,3111,3144]" family="Arecaceae" pageId="76" pageNumber="560" rank="family">Arecaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) fronds in well-drained primary forests. Tents have also been found in a species of
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[325,526,3151,3184]" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyclanthaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pandanales" pageId="76" pageNumber="560" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Cyclanthaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
and apical type tents in
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[888,1180,3151,3184]" class="Liliopsida" family="Araceae" genus="Anthurium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Alismatales" pageId="76" pageNumber="546" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Araceae">Anthurium (Araceae)</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1265,1381,3151,3184]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="76" pageNumber="560" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Geonoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[187,339,3194,3223]" family="Arecaceae" pageId="76" pageNumber="560" rank="family">Arecaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
). MacConnell’s Bats also roost in hollow trees.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="76" pageNumber="560" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="76.[173,1383,2129,3460]" pageId="76" pageNumber="560">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[174,880,3230,3263]" pageId="76" pageNumber="560">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
|
||
Groups of MacConnell’s Bats have 3-8 individuals, including lactating females, young, and 1-2 adult males.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection box="[175,1225,3309,3342]" pageId="76" pageNumber="560" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="76.[173,1383,2129,3460]" box="[175,1225,3309,3342]" pageId="76" pageNumber="560">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[175,523,3309,3342]" pageId="76" pageNumber="560">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
|
||
Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="76" pageNumber="560" type="bibRefCitation_list">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="76.[173,1383,2129,3460]" pageId="76" pageNumber="560">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[175,328,3357,3382]" pageId="76" pageNumber="560">Bibliography.</emphasis>
|
||
Arroyo-Cabrales (2008a), Gomes et al. (2016), Goodwin & Greenhall (1962), Hoofer & Baker (2006), Kunz & Pena (1992), LaVal & Rodriguez-Herrera (2002), Reid (2009), Rodriguez-Herrera et al. (2007), Simmons & Voss (1998), Starrett & Casebeer (1968).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |