192 lines
16 KiB
XML
192 lines
16 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6458594" ID-GBIF-Dataset="adeeb71f-7f8d-4e00-bc9f-35089363f76e" ID-ISBN="978-84-16728-19-0" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6458594" approvalRequired="120" approvalRequired_for_taxonomicNames="95" approvalRequired_for_treatments="25" checkinTime="1600878147105" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Don E. Wilson & Russell A. Mittermeier" docDate="2019" docId="03A687BCFFF3FFF31691FD4AF69AF849" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_9_Phyllostomidae_444.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Sturnira paulsoni de la Torre & Schwartz 1966" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="550" masterDocId="FF9FFFC4FFB1FFB1133CFFBAFFE0F244" masterDocTitle="Phyllostomidae" masterLastPageNumber="583" masterPageNumber="444" pageNumber="550" updateTime="1656353518553" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
||
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>Phyllostomidae</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
|
||
<mods:originInfo>
|
||
<mods:dateIssued>2019</mods:dateIssued>
|
||
<mods:dateOther type="pubDate">2019-10-31</mods:dateOther>
|
||
<mods:publisher>Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
|
||
<mods:place>
|
||
<mods:placeTerm>Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
|
||
</mods:place>
|
||
</mods:originInfo>
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part>
|
||
<mods:extent unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start>444</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end>583</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:classification>book chapter</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6458594</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">adeeb71f-7f8d-4e00-bc9f-35089363f76e</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="ISBN">978-84-16728-19-0</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">6458594</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6760127" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6760127" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A687BCFFF3FFF31691FD4AF69AF849" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A687BCFFF3FFF31691FD4AF69AF849" lastPageNumber="550" pageId="66" pageNumber="550">
|
||
<subSubSection box="[1453,1532,752,798]" pageId="66" pageNumber="550" type="multiple">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="66.[1448,2607,752,840]" box="[1453,1532,752,798]" pageId="66" pageNumber="550">
|
||
<heading box="[1453,1532,752,798]" pageId="66" pageNumber="550">
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1453,1532,752,798]" captionStart="Plate 41: Phyllostomidae" captionStartId="59.[123,153,3247,3272]" captionTargetBox="[22,2764,17,3653]" captionTargetPageId="58" captionText="119. Bidentate Yellow-shouldered Bat (Sturnira bidens), 120. Lesser Yellow-shouldered Bat (Sturnira nana), 121. Arata-Thomas Yellow-shouldered Bat (Sturnira aratathomasi), 122. Honduran Yellow-shouldered Bat (Sturnira hondurensis), 123. Burton's Yellow-shouldered Bat (Stwrnira burtonlimi), 124. Highland Yellow-shouldered Bat (Sturnira ludovici), 125. Adriana’s Yellow-shouldered Bat (Sturnira adrianae), 126. Tschudi’s Yellow-shouldered Bat (Sturnira oporaphilum), 127. Mistratoan Yellow-shouldered Bat (Sturnira mistratensis), 128. Soriano’s Yellow-shouldered Bat (Sturnira sorianoi), 129. Choco Yellow-shouldered Bat (Sturnira koopmanhilli), 130. Talamancan Yellow-shouldered Bat (Sturnira mordax), 131. Perla Yellow-shouldered Bat (Sturnira perla), 132. Tilda’s Yellow-shouldered Bat (Sturnira tildae), 133. Hairy Yellow-shouldered Bat (Sturnira erythromos), 134. Bogota Yellow-shouldered Bat (Sturnira bogotensis), 135. Greater Yellow-shouldered Bat (Sturnira magna), 136. Northern Yellow-shouldered Bat (Sturnira parvidens), 137. Baker's Yellow-shouldered Bat (Sturnira bakeri), 138. Little Yellow-shouldered Bat (Sturnira Lilium), 139. Gianna’s Yellow-shouldered Bat (Sturnira giannae), 140. Dominica Yellow-shouldered Bat (Sturnira angeli), 141. Paulson’s Yellow-shouldered Bat (Sturnira paulsoni), 142. Luis’s Yellow-shouldered Bat (Sturnira luisi)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6459033" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6459033/files/figure.png" pageId="66" pageNumber="550">141.</figureCitation>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection box="[1549,2219,752,798]" pageId="66" pageNumber="550" type="vernacular_names">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="66.[1448,2607,752,840]" box="[1549,2219,752,798]" pageId="66" pageNumber="550">
|
||
<heading box="[1549,2219,752,798]" pageId="66" pageNumber="550">
|
||
<vernacularName box="[1549,2219,752,798]" pageId="66" pageNumber="550">Paulson’s Yellow-shouldered Bat</vernacularName>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection box="[2288,2606,752,798]" pageId="66" pageNumber="550" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="66.[1448,2607,752,840]" box="[2288,2606,752,798]" pageId="66" pageNumber="550">
|
||
<heading box="[2288,2606,752,798]" pageId="66" pageNumber="550">
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="de la Torre & Schwartz, 1966" authorityName="de la Torre & Schwartz" authorityYear="1966" box="[2288,2606,752,798]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Sturnira" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="66" pageNumber="550" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="paulsoni">
|
||
<emphasis box="[2288,2606,752,798]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="550">Sturnira paulsoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection box="[1449,2487,816,837]" pageId="66" pageNumber="550" type="vernacular_names">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="66.[1448,2607,752,840]" box="[1449,2487,816,837]" pageId="66" pageNumber="550">
|
||
<heading box="[1449,2487,816,837]" pageId="66" pageNumber="550">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1449,1525,816,837]" pageId="66" pageNumber="550">French:</emphasis>
|
||
<vernacularName box="[1534,1727,816,837]" pageId="66" pageNumber="550">Sturnire de Paulson</vernacularName>
|
||
/
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1749,1839,816,837]" pageId="66" pageNumber="550">German:</emphasis>
|
||
<vernacularName box="[1849,2171,816,837]" pageId="66" pageNumber="550">Paulson-Gelbschulterfledermaus</vernacularName>
|
||
/
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[2193,2285,816,837]" pageId="66" pageNumber="550">Spanish:</emphasis>
|
||
<vernacularName box="[2294,2487,816,837]" pageId="66" pageNumber="550">Sturniro de Paulson</vernacularName>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="66" pageNumber="550" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="66.[2059,2655,886,1311]" pageId="66" pageNumber="550">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[2060,2216,886,915]" pageId="66" pageNumber="550">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="de la Torre & Schwartz, 1966" authorityName="de la Torre & Schwartz" authorityYear="1966" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Sturnira" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="66" pageNumber="550" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="paulsoni">Sturnira paulsoni de la Torre & Schwartz, 1966</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation pageId="66" pageNumber="550">
|
||
“Lowrt,
|
||
<quantity box="[2402,2495,927,956]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.048" pageId="66" pageNumber="550" unit="ft" value="1000.0">1000 ft</quantity>
|
||
[=
|
||
<quantity box="[2544,2636,927,956]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.05" pageId="66" pageNumber="550" unit="m" value="305.0">305 m</quantity>
|
||
], St. Andrew Parish,
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[2343,2539,971,996]" name="Saint Vincent and the Grenadines" pageId="66" pageNumber="550">Saint Vincent</collectingCountry>
|
||
, British Windward Islands, Lesser Antilles.”
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="66" pageNumber="550" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="66.[2059,2655,886,1311]" lastBlockId="66.[1440,2652,1316,2573]" pageId="66" pageNumber="550">
|
||
Two subspecies from the Lesser Antilles are relevant to this account: S.
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[2496,2570,1081,1114]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Sturnira" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="66" pageNumber="550" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lilium">Lilium</taxonomicName>
|
||
luciae by J. K. Jones, Jr. and C. J. Phillips in 1976 from
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[2141,2300,1160,1193]" name="Saint Lucia" pageId="66" pageNumber="550">Saint Lucia</collectingCountry>
|
||
and S.
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[2414,2489,1160,1193]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Sturnira" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="66" pageNumber="550" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lilium">Lilium</taxonomicName>
|
||
serotinus by H. H. Genoways in 1998 from
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[2521,2645,1199,1232]" name="Grenada" pageId="66" pageNumber="550">Grenada</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Molecular and morphological analyses recognized these forms as a single taxonomic entity, for which the oldest name is S.
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[2076,2188,1316,1349]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Sturnira" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="66" pageNumber="550" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="paulsoni">paulsoni</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Monotypic.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="66" pageNumber="550" type="distribution">
|
||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6458888" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6458888" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6458888/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="550" targetBox="[1445,2036,890,1303]" targetPageId="66">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="66.[1440,2652,1316,2573]" pageId="66" pageNumber="550">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1446,1622,1364,1389]" pageId="66" pageNumber="550">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Endemic to the Lesser Antilles, including
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[2221,2343,1364,1389]" name="Saint Lucia" pageId="66" pageNumber="550">St. Lucia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[2359,2513,1364,1389]" name="Saint Vincent and the Grenadines" pageId="66" pageNumber="550">St. Vincent</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Grenada" pageId="66" pageNumber="550">Grenada</collectingCountry>
|
||
Is.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="66" pageNumber="550" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="66.[1440,2652,1316,2573]" pageId="66" pageNumber="550">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1445,1702,1435,1468]" pageId="66" pageNumber="550">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
|
||
Head-body 64-67 mm (tailless), ear 14-16 mm, hindfoot 11-13 mm, forearm 40-42 mm. No specific data are available for body weight. Paulson's Yellow-shouldered Bat is small and most similar to the
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[2244,2381,1514,1547]" name="Dominica" pageId="66" pageNumber="550">Dominica</collectingCountry>
|
||
Yellow-shouldered Bat (S.
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1551,1627,1557,1586]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Sturnira" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="66" pageNumber="550" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="angeli">angeli</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and the Little Yellow-shouldered Bat (S.
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[2224,2306,1557,1586]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Sturnira" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="66" pageNumber="550" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lilium">Lilium</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Dorsum is pale grayish brown; hair has narrow white basal band (c.0-5 mm), followed by broader dull grayish brown band and equally broad pale buff band, and narrow dark grayish brown apical band. Underparts are dark yellowish buff, with long, thick, silky fur composed of bicolored hairs. Muzzle is blunt, and forehead is rounded. Shoulder areas are clearly tinged in reddish or light brown. Legs, feet, and uropatagium are densely covered with short hairs. Skull is relatively long, braincase is small, and rostrum is elongated. I, and I, are trilobed and subequalin size. Lingual cusps (metaconid and entoconid) of M, and M, are low, rounded,ill-defined, and separated by shallow notch.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="66" pageNumber="550" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="66.[1440,2652,1316,2573]" pageId="66" pageNumber="550">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1443,1554,1909,1942]" pageId="66" pageNumber="550">Habitat.</emphasis>
|
||
Wet interior valleys, near native trees and cultivated fruit crops, and wet dense montane forests with fairly open understories from sea level up to elevations of ¢.
|
||
<quantity box="[1462,1557,1988,2021]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="66" pageNumber="550" unit="m" value="300.0">300 m</quantity>
|
||
. Paulson’s Yellow-shouldered Bat is always netted near streams and never in dry coastal areas.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="66" pageNumber="550" type="food_feeding">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="66.[1440,2652,1316,2573]" pageId="66" pageNumber="550">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1442,1707,2066,2099]" pageId="66" pageNumber="550">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
|
||
Paulson’s Yellow-shouldered Batis expected to be predominantly frugivorous, eating fruits of
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1855,1968,2106,2139]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="66" pageNumber="550" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Solanum</taxonomicName>
|
||
spp. (
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[2064,2223,2106,2139]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="66" pageNumber="550" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Solanaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and species of other
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="66" pageNumber="550" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Solanaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1593,1836,2144,2177]" family="Melastomataceae" pageId="66" pageNumber="550" rank="family">Melastomataceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="66" pageNumber="550" type="breeding">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="66.[1440,2652,1316,2573]" pageId="66" pageNumber="550">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1442,1576,2185,2218]" pageId="66" pageNumber="550">Breeding.</emphasis>
|
||
Pregnant Paulson’s Yellow-shouldered Bats have been recorded in August and lactating females in May.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="66" pageNumber="550" type="activity">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="66.[1440,2652,1316,2573]" pageId="66" pageNumber="550">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1440,1677,2263,2296]" pageId="66" pageNumber="550">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
|
||
Paulson’s Yellow-shouldered Bat seems to be very active throughout the night when fruit resources were abundant.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection box="[1441,2381,2342,2375]" pageId="66" pageNumber="550" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="66.[1440,2652,1316,2573]" box="[1441,2381,2342,2375]" pageId="66" pageNumber="550">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1441,2142,2342,2375]" pageId="66" pageNumber="550">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
|
||
No information.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="66" pageNumber="550" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="66.[1440,2652,1316,2573]" pageId="66" pageNumber="550">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1441,1799,2386,2415]" pageId="66" pageNumber="550">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
|
||
Not assessed on The [UCN Red List. More information on ecology of Paulson’s Yellow-shouldered Bat is necessary for an appropriate assessment ofits population status and to identify potential threats.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="66" pageNumber="550" type="bibRefCitation_list">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="66.[1440,2652,1316,2573]" pageId="66" pageNumber="550">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1441,1594,2509,2534]" pageId="66" pageNumber="550">Bibliography.</emphasis>
|
||
Gannon et al. (1989), Genoways (1998), Hernandez-Canchola & Leén-Paniagua (2017), Jones & Phillips (1976), Koopman (1968), de la Torre & Schwartz (1966), Velazco & Patterson (2013).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |