218 lines
18 KiB
XML
218 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6458594" ID-GBIF-Dataset="adeeb71f-7f8d-4e00-bc9f-35089363f76e" ID-ISBN="978-84-16728-19-0" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6458594" checkinTime="1600878147105" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Don E. Wilson & Russell A. Mittermeier" docDate="2019" docId="03A687BCFFAEFF91165BF2A0FE0AFBCB" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_9_Phyllostomidae_444.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Brachyphylla nana G. S. Miller 1902" docType="treatment" docVersion="12" lastPageNumber="516" masterDocId="FF9FFFC4FFB1FFB1133CFFBAFFE0F244" masterDocTitle="Phyllostomidae" masterLastPageNumber="583" masterPageNumber="444" pageNumber="515" updateTime="1658334750903" updateUser="diego">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Phyllostomidae</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:originInfo>
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<mods:dateIssued>2019</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther type="pubDate">2019-10-31</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher>Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:place>
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<mods:placeTerm>Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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</mods:place>
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</mods:originInfo>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>444</mods:start>
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<mods:end>583</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification>book chapter</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6458594</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">adeeb71f-7f8d-4e00-bc9f-35089363f76e</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISBN">978-84-16728-19-0</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">6458594</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6803145" ID-GBIF-Taxon="196400466" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6803145" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A687BCFFAEFF91165BF2A0FE0AFBCB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A687BCFFAEFF91165BF2A0FE0AFBCB" lastPageId="32" lastPageNumber="516" pageId="31" pageNumber="515">
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<subSubSection box="[1383,1440,3354,3400]" pageId="31" pageNumber="515" type="multiple">
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<paragraph blockId="31.[1381,2387,3354,3478]" box="[1383,1440,3354,3400]" pageId="31" pageNumber="515">
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<heading box="[1383,1440,3354,3400]" pageId="31" pageNumber="515">
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<figureCitation box="[1383,1440,3354,3400]" captionStart="Plate 37: Phyllostomidae" captionStartId="27.[133,163,3312,3337]" captionTargetBox="[24,2766,17,3654]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="47. Insular Single-leat Bat (Monophyllus plethodon), 48. Leach’s Single-leat Bat (Monophyllus redmani), 49. Commissaris’s L. ong-tongued Bat (Glossophaga commissaris), 50. Western Long-tongued Bat (Glossophaga morenoi), 51. Gray's Long-tongued Bat (Glossophaga leachii), 52. Miller's Long-tongued Bat (Glossophaga longirostris), 53. Pallas’s Long-tongued Bat (Glossophaga soricina), 54. Southern LLong-nosed Bat (Leptonyctenis curasoae), 55. Greater Long-nosed Bat (Leptonycteris nivalis), 56. Lesser Long-nosed Bat (Leptonycteris yerbabuenae), 57. Antillean Fruit-eating Bat (Brachyphylla cavernarum), 58. Cuban Fruit-eating Bat (Brachyphylla nana), 59. Jamaican Flower Bat (Phyllonycteris aphylla), 60. Cuban Flower Bat (Phyllonycteris poeyi), 61. Brown Flower Bat (Erophylla bombifrons), 62. Buffy Flower Bat (Erophylla sezekorni)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6458756" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6458756/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="515">58.</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[1458,1934,3354,3400]" pageId="31" pageNumber="515" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="31.[1381,2387,3354,3478]" box="[1458,1934,3354,3400]" pageId="31" pageNumber="515">
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<heading box="[1458,1934,3354,3400]" pageId="31" pageNumber="515">
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<vernacularName box="[1458,1934,3354,3400]" pageId="31" pageNumber="515">Cuban Fruit-eating Bat</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[2003,2343,3354,3400]" pageId="31" pageNumber="515" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="31.[1381,2387,3354,3478]" box="[2003,2343,3354,3400]" pageId="31" pageNumber="515">
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<heading box="[2003,2343,3354,3400]" pageId="31" pageNumber="515">
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<taxonomicName authority="G. S. Miller, 1902" authorityName="G. S. Miller" authorityYear="1902" box="[2003,2343,3354,3400]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Brachyphylla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="515" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nana">
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<emphasis box="[2003,2343,3354,3400]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="515">Brachyphylla nana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="31" pageNumber="515" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="31.[1381,2387,3354,3478]" box="[1382,2386,3418,3439]" pageId="31" pageNumber="515">
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<heading box="[1382,2386,3418,3439]" pageId="31" pageNumber="515">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1382,1458,3418,3439]" pageId="31" pageNumber="515">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[1467,1681,3418,3439]" pageId="31" pageNumber="515">
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Brachyphylle de
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<collectingCountry box="[1632,1681,3418,3439]" name="Cuba" pageId="31" pageNumber="515">Cuba</collectingCountry>
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</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1703,1793,3418,3439]" pageId="31" pageNumber="515">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[1804,2089,3418,3439]" pageId="31" pageNumber="515">Kleiner Antillen-Fruchtvampir</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[2109,2201,3418,3439]" pageId="31" pageNumber="515">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[2211,2297,3418,3439]" pageId="31" pageNumber="515">Bracofilo</vernacularName>
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de
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<collectingCountry box="[2337,2386,3418,3439]" name="Cuba" pageId="31" pageNumber="515">Cuba</collectingCountry>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="31.[1381,2387,3354,3478]" box="[1382,1838,3457,3478]" pageId="31" pageNumber="515">
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<heading box="[1382,1838,3457,3478]" pageId="31" pageNumber="515">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1382,1629,3457,3478]" pageId="31" pageNumber="515">Other common names:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[1637,1838,3457,3478]" pageId="31" pageNumber="515">Antillean Nectar Bat</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="32" pageNumber="516" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph blockId="32.[807,1403,285,712]" pageId="32" pageNumber="516">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[812,968,285,318]" pageId="32" pageNumber="516">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authority="G. S. Miller, 1902" authorityName="G. S. Miller" authorityYear="1902" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Brachyphylla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="516" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nana">Brachyphylla nana G. S. Miller, 1902</taxonomicName>
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,
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[898,1383,332,357]" pageId="32" pageNumber="516" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph blockId="32.[807,1403,285,712]" box="[898,1383,332,357]" pageId="32" pageNumber="516">
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3819564424" box="[898,1383,332,357]" pageId="32" pageNumber="516">
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“El Guama [
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<collectingRegion box="[1070,1265,332,357]" country="Cuba" name="Pinar del Rio" pageId="32" pageNumber="516">Pinar del Rio</collectingRegion>
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],
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<collectingCountry box="[1291,1368,332,357]" name="Cuba" pageId="32" pageNumber="516">Cuba</collectingCountry>
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.”
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="32" pageNumber="516" type="discussion">
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<paragraph blockId="32.[807,1403,285,712]" pageId="32" pageNumber="516">
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<taxonomicName authority="G. S. Miller, 1902" authorityName="G. S. Miller" authorityYear="1902" box="[814,1059,363,396]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Brachyphylla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="516" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nana">Brachyphylla nana</taxonomicName>
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is considered a subspecies of
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<taxonomicName authority="J. E. Gray, 1834" authorityName="J. E. Gray" authorityYear="1834" box="[930,1129,403,436]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Brachyphylla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="516" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cavernarum">B. cavernarum</taxonomicName>
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by some authors.
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<taxonomicName box="[814,1084,442,475]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Brachyphylla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="516" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pumilia">Brachyphylla pumilia</taxonomicName>
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, named by G. S. Miller, Jr. in 1918,is a synonym. Monotypic.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="32" pageNumber="516" type="distribution">
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<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6458716" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6458716" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6458716/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="516" targetBox="[198,788,298,711]" targetPageId="32">
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<paragraph blockId="32.[807,1403,285,712]" pageId="32" pageNumber="516">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[812,988,521,554]" pageId="32" pageNumber="516">Distribution.</emphasis>
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<collectingCountry box="[1008,1082,521,554]" name="Cuba" pageId="32" pageNumber="516">Cuba</collectingCountry>
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(including
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<collectingRegion country="Cuba" name="Isla de la Juventud" pageId="32" pageNumber="516">Isla de la Juventud</collectingRegion>
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),
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<collectingCountry box="[972,1062,565,594]" name="Turks and Caicos Islands" pageId="32" pageNumber="516">Caicos</collectingCountry>
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Is (Middle
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<collectingCountry box="[1227,1323,565,594]" name="Turks and Caicos Islands" pageId="32" pageNumber="516">Caicos</collectingCountry>
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), Hispaniola (including Gonave I), and Grand Cayman I.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="32" pageNumber="516" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="32.[807,1403,285,712]" lastBlockId="32.[195,1404,722,2447]" pageId="32" pageNumber="516">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[812,1064,679,712]" pageId="32" pageNumber="516">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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Head-body 76-90 mm (tailless), ear 14-18 mm, hindfoot 13-20 mm, forearm 54-64 mm; weight 27-41 The Cuban Fruit-eating Bat is fairly large and boisterous. Snoutis short, with dermic folds rather than proper noseleaf, giving the appearance of a pig snout. Small but conspicuous wart 1s 4-6 mm from corner of mouth. Ears are clearly separate over the head. Uropatagium is greatly reduced, and calcar is 1-2 mm. Fur is short and rather thick. Dorsal hairs are 6-8 mm, with whitish, cream, or yellow bases and brown tips Ventral hairs are 4-6 mm and grayish. Chromosomal complement has 2n = 32 and FN = 60, with four pairs of metacentric autosomes and eleven pairs of submetacentric autosomes. X-chromosome is submetacentric, and Y-chromosome is minute acrocentric Testes are 5-9 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<paragraph blockId="32.[195,1404,722,2447]" box="[1379,1400,722,751]" pageId="32" pageNumber="516">g.</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="32.[195,1404,722,2447]" box="[1396,1400,923,948]" pageId="32" pageNumber="516">.</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="32.[195,1404,722,2447]" box="[1396,1400,1041,1066]" pageId="32" pageNumber="516">.</paragraph>
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<subSubSection box="[198,654,1112,1145]" pageId="32" pageNumber="516" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph blockId="32.[195,1404,722,2447]" box="[198,654,1112,1145]" pageId="32" pageNumber="516">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[198,308,1112,1145]" pageId="32" pageNumber="516">Habitat.</emphasis>
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Xeric and mesic forests.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="32" pageNumber="516" type="food_feeding">
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<paragraph blockId="32.[195,1404,722,2447]" pageId="32" pageNumber="516">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[197,456,1151,1184]" pageId="32" pageNumber="516">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
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The Cuban Fruiteating Bat is omnivorous and feeds mostly on nectar and pollen. Eighty-five stomach samples in
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<collectingCountry box="[868,940,1191,1224]" name="Cuba" pageId="32" pageNumber="516">Cuba</collectingCountry>
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contained 68:2% pollen, 51-8% insects, and 1-2% small seeds; in captivity, it readily eats bananas. Insects found included Dictyoptera,
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<taxonomicName box="[374,529,1269,1302]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="516" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Coleoptera</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName box="[544,650,1269,1302]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="516" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Diptera</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName box="[664,837,1269,1302]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="516" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Lepidoptera</taxonomicName>
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, and lepidopteran caterpillars. All insects identified in stomach samples were likely found in flowers. Pollen from species of
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<taxonomicName family="Cactaceae" pageId="32" pageNumber="516" rank="family">Cactaceae</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName box="[275,447,1353,1382]" family="Mimosaceae" pageId="32" pageNumber="516" rank="family">Mimosaceae</taxonomicName>
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, Cesalpinaceae,
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<taxonomicName box="[674,848,1353,1382]" family="Sapindaceae" pageId="32" pageNumber="516" rank="family">Sapindaceae</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName box="[863,1052,1353,1382]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Bignoniaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="32" pageNumber="516" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Bignoniaceae</taxonomicName>
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, and Palmaceae has been found in stomachs. The Cuban Fruit-eating Bat had higher nutritional extraction efficiency from pollen than the frugivorous Jamaican Fruiteating Bat (Artibeusjamaicensis).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="32" pageNumber="516" type="breeding">
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<paragraph blockId="32.[195,1404,722,2447]" pageId="32" pageNumber="516">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[197,332,1467,1500]" pageId="32" pageNumber="516">Breeding.</emphasis>
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Information on breeding comes mostly from Cuban populations; data on reproduction of a few individuals from Middle
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<collectingCountry box="[869,958,1506,1539]" name="Turks and Caicos Islands" pageId="32" pageNumber="516">Caicos</collectingCountry>
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and Hispaniola parallel the information from
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<collectingCountry box="[424,499,1546,1579]" name="Cuba" pageId="32" pageNumber="516">Cuba</collectingCountry>
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. Females are monoestrous and give birth to one young. Pregnancy has been reported in December-May but maximally in February-April. Lactation occurs in May-August. Females will carry their young in day roosts.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="32" pageNumber="516" type="activity">
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<paragraph blockId="32.[195,1404,722,2447]" pageId="32" pageNumber="516">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[195,431,1664,1697]" pageId="32" pageNumber="516">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
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The Cuban Fruit-eating Bat is nocturnal and departs from roosts later than all other bat species. It is also one of the first species to return to roosts before sunrise. Individuals go in and out of caves throughout the night, with no discernible peak in activity. Many individuals use night roosts in caves near their day roosts. It has been reported to roost exclusively in caves, usually in tepid areas (c.26°C).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="32" pageNumber="516" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph blockId="32.[195,1404,722,2447]" pageId="32" pageNumber="516">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[198,909,1861,1894]" pageId="32" pageNumber="516">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
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Colonies in
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<collectingCountry box="[1097,1171,1861,1894]" name="Cuba" pageId="32" pageNumber="516">Cuba</collectingCountry>
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can range from a few thousand to tens of thousands of individuals. Given that some colonies are so large and they use night roosts,it is suggested that many individuals disperse over long distances to forage. In Middle
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<collectingCountry box="[636,728,1980,2013]" name="Turks and Caicos Islands" pageId="32" pageNumber="516">Caicos</collectingCountry>
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, colonies appear to number less than 100 individuals, which could be the result of differences in resource availability between the two islands. Generalized promiscuous copulation was observed in
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<collectingCountry box="[1129,1203,2059,2092]" name="Cuba" pageId="32" pageNumber="516">Cuba</collectingCountry>
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in November. Females will segregate from males during the breeding season either in the same cave chamber or in parts of the cave not used during non-breeding seasons.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="32" pageNumber="516" type="conservation">
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<paragraph blockId="32.[195,1404,722,2447]" pageId="32" pageNumber="516">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[198,544,2177,2210]" pageId="32" pageNumber="516">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
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Classified as Least Concern on The IUCNRed List. The Cuban Fruit-eating Bat is widely distributed and common.It is extinct in
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<collectingCountry box="[1116,1232,2216,2249]" name="Jamaica" pageId="32" pageNumber="516">Jamaica</collectingCountry>
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, where only Pleistocene or subrecent fossil records have been found, and locally extinct in
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<collectingCountry name="Bahamas" pageId="32" pageNumber="516">the Bahamas</collectingCountry>
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. It occurs in protected areas.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="32" pageNumber="516" type="bibRefCitation_list">
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<paragraph blockId="32.[195,1404,722,2447]" pageId="32" pageNumber="516">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,351,2344,2369]" pageId="32" pageNumber="516">Bibliography.</emphasis>
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Davalos & Mancina (2008b), Genoways et al. (2005), Mancina et al. (2005), Miller (1918), Rodriguez-Duran & Christenson (2012), Silva-Taboada (1979), Simmons (2005), Swanepoel & Genoways (1983b Timm & Genoways (2003).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |