213 lines
18 KiB
XML
213 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6458594" ID-GBIF-Dataset="adeeb71f-7f8d-4e00-bc9f-35089363f76e" ID-ISBN="978-84-16728-19-0" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6458594" approvalRequired="120" approvalRequired_for_taxonomicNames="95" approvalRequired_for_treatments="25" checkinTime="1600878147105" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Don E. Wilson & Russell A. Mittermeier" docDate="2019" docId="03A687BCFFA7FFA7138CFEBFFB8FFA80" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_9_Phyllostomidae_444.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Tonatia saurophila Koopman & E. E. Williams 1951" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="506" masterDocId="FF9FFFC4FFB1FFB1133CFFBAFFE0F244" masterDocTitle="Phyllostomidae" masterLastPageNumber="583" masterPageNumber="444" pageNumber="506" updateTime="1656353518553" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Phyllostomidae</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:originInfo>
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<mods:dateIssued>2019</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther type="pubDate">2019-10-31</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher>Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:place>
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<mods:placeTerm>Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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</mods:place>
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</mods:originInfo>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>444</mods:start>
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<mods:end>583</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification>book chapter</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6458594</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">adeeb71f-7f8d-4e00-bc9f-35089363f76e</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISBN">978-84-16728-19-0</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">6458594</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6726938" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6726938" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A687BCFFA7FFA7138CFEBFFB8FFA80" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A687BCFFA7FFA7138CFEBFFB8FFA80" lastPageNumber="506" pageId="22" pageNumber="506">
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<subSubSection box="[176,232,261,311]" pageId="22" pageNumber="506" type="multiple">
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<paragraph blockId="22.[174,1322,261,353]" box="[176,232,261,311]" pageId="22" pageNumber="506">
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<heading box="[176,232,261,311]" pageId="22" pageNumber="506">
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<figureCitation box="[176,232,261,311]" captionStart="Plate 36: Phyllostomidae" captionStartId="17.[137,167,3288,3313]" captionTargetBox="[23,2765,17,3655]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="24. Long-legged Bat (Macrophyllum macrophyllum), 25. Fringe-lipped Bat (Trachops cirrhosus), 26. Striped Hairy-nosed Bat (Gardnerycteris crenulatum), 27. Keenan's Hairy-nosed Bat (Gardnerycteris keenani), 28. Koepcke’s Hairy-nosed Bat (Gardnerycteris koepckeae), 29. Kalko’s Round-eared Bat (Lophostoma kalkoae), 30. Pygmy Round-eared Bat (Lophostoma brasiliense), 31. Carriker’s Round-eared Bat (Lophostoma carrikeri), 32. Schulz’s Round-eared Bat (Lophostoma schulzi), 33. Western Round-eared Bat (Lophostoma occidentale), 34. Davis's Round-eared Bat (Lophostoma evotis), 35. White-throated Round-eared Bat (Lophostoma silvicola), 36. Greater Round-eared Bat (Tonatia bidens), 37. Stripe-headed Round-eared Bat (Tonatia saurophila), 38. Pale-faced Bat (Phylloderma stenops), 39. Pale Spear-nosed Bat (Phyllostomus discolor), 40. Lesser Spear-nosed Bat (Phyllostomus elongatus), 41. Greater Spear-nosed Bat (Phyllostomus hastatus), 42. Guianan Spear-nosed Bat (Phyllostomus latifolius), 43. Woolly False Vampire Bat (Chrotopterus auritus), 44. Southern Golden Bat (Mimon bennettii), 45. Cozumelan Golden Bat (Mimon cozumelae), 46. Spectral Bat (Vampyrum spectrum)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6458675" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6458675/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="506">37.</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[250,911,261,311]" pageId="22" pageNumber="506" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="22.[174,1322,261,353]" box="[250,911,261,311]" pageId="22" pageNumber="506">
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<heading box="[250,911,261,311]" pageId="22" pageNumber="506">
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<vernacularName box="[250,911,261,311]" pageId="22" pageNumber="506">Stripe-headed Round-eared Bat</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[984,1321,261,311]" pageId="22" pageNumber="506" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="22.[174,1322,261,353]" box="[984,1321,261,311]" pageId="22" pageNumber="506">
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<heading box="[984,1321,261,311]" pageId="22" pageNumber="506">
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<taxonomicName authority="Koopman & E. E. Williams, 1951" authorityName="Koopman & E. E. Williams" authorityYear="1951" box="[984,1321,261,311]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Tonatia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="506" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="saurophila">
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<emphasis box="[984,1321,261,311]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="506">Tonatia saurophila</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[175,1237,330,351]" pageId="22" pageNumber="506" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="22.[174,1322,261,353]" box="[175,1237,330,351]" pageId="22" pageNumber="506">
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<heading box="[175,1237,330,351]" pageId="22" pageNumber="506">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[175,251,330,351]" pageId="22" pageNumber="506">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[256,446,330,351]" pageId="22" pageNumber="506">Tonatia des Iézards</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[467,557,330,351]" pageId="22" pageNumber="506">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[568,871,330,351]" pageId="22" pageNumber="506">Kopfstreifen-Rundohrblattnase</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[891,983,330,351]" pageId="22" pageNumber="506">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[988,1237,330,351]" pageId="22" pageNumber="506">Tonatia de cabeza rayada</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="22" pageNumber="506" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph blockId="22.[781,1379,397,824]" pageId="22" pageNumber="506">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[787,942,397,430]" pageId="22" pageNumber="506">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authority="Koopman & E. E. Williams, 1951" authorityName="Koopman & E. E. Williams" authorityYear="1951" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Tonatia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="506" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="saurophila">Tonatia saurophila Koopman & E. E. Williams, 1951</taxonomicName>
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,
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<materialsCitation pageId="22" pageNumber="506">
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“Wallingford Roadside Cave, Balaclava, St. Elizabeth Parish,
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<collectingCountry box="[781,897,515,548]" name="Jamaica" pageId="22" pageNumber="506">Jamaica</collectingCountry>
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.”
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="22" pageNumber="506" type="discussion">
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<paragraph blockId="22.[781,1379,397,824]" pageId="22" pageNumber="506">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Koopman & E. E. Williams" authorityYear="1951" box="[791,1032,555,588]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Tonatia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="506" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="saurophila">Tonatia saurophila</taxonomicName>
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was originally described from fossil material recovered in a cave in
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<collectingCountry box="[781,896,633,666]" name="Jamaica" pageId="22" pageNumber="506">Jamaica</collectingCountry>
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and later found alive in Central America; this subspecies is now considered extinct. S. L. Williams and collaborators in 1995 revised 7
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<taxonomicName box="[1050,1134,752,785]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Tonatia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="506" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Tonatia</taxonomicName>
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and recognized
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<taxonomicName box="[791,968,791,824]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Tonatia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="506" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="saurophila">1. saurophila</taxonomicName>
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as distinct from
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<taxonomicName box="[1249,1373,791,824]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Thymelaeaceae" genus="Lophostoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="22" pageNumber="506" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bidens">71. bidens</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="22.[171,1381,830,2244]" pageId="22" pageNumber="506">
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Thus, references to
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<taxonomicName box="[456,566,830,863]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Thymelaeaceae" genus="Lophostoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="22" pageNumber="506" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bidens">1. bidens</taxonomicName>
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from Central America and northern South America apply to
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<taxonomicName box="[215,382,869,902]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Tonatia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="506" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="saurophila">1. saurophila</taxonomicName>
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. Two extant subspecies recognized.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="22" pageNumber="506" type="synonymic_list">
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<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6458677" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6458677" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6458677/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="506" targetBox="[172,762,408,821]" targetPageId="22">
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<paragraph blockId="22.[171,1381,830,2244]" box="[174,575,909,942]" pageId="22" pageNumber="506">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[174,575,909,942]" pageId="22" pageNumber="506">Subspecies and Distribution.</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="22.[171,1381,830,2244]" pageId="22" pageNumber="506">
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<taxonomicName authority="S. L. Williams, Willig & Reid, 1995" authorityName="S. L. Williams, Willig & Reid" authorityYear="1995" box="[178,815,956,981]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Tonatia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="506" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="saurophila" subSpecies="bakeri">T. s. bakeri S. L. Williams, Willig & Reid, 1995</taxonomicName>
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— from extreme SE Mexico (LLacandon Forest, Chiapas) E to
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<collectingCountry box="[484,627,988,1021]" name="Honduras" pageId="22" pageNumber="506">Honduras</collectingCountry>
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; then, distribution is apparently disjunct and continues S from
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<collectingCountry box="[328,472,1035,1060]" name="Nicaragua" pageId="22" pageNumber="506">Nicaragua</collectingCountry>
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into South America through N
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<collectingCountry box="[916,1055,1035,1060]" name="Colombia" pageId="22" pageNumber="506">Colombia</collectingCountry>
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, NW
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<collectingCountry box="[1131,1249,1035,1060]" name="Ecuador" pageId="22" pageNumber="506">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
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, and NW & N
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<collectingCountry box="[238,383,1070,1099]" name="Venezuela" pageId="22" pageNumber="506">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
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(N of Cordillera de
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<collectingRegion box="[673,780,1070,1099]" country="Venezuela" name="Merida" pageId="22" pageNumber="506">Mérida</collectingRegion>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="22.[171,1381,830,2244]" pageId="22" pageNumber="506">
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<taxonomicName authority="S. L. Williams, Willig & Reid, 1995" authorityName="S. L. Williams, Willig & Reid" authorityYear="1995" box="[178,838,1114,1139]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Tonatia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="506" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="saurophila" subSpecies="maresi">T.s. maresi S. L. Williams, Willig & Reid, 1995</taxonomicName>
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—
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<collectingCountry box="[878,1023,1114,1139]" name="Venezuela" pageId="22" pageNumber="506">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
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(E & S of Cordillera de
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<collectingRegion box="[174,280,1154,1179]" country="Venezuela" name="Merida" pageId="22" pageNumber="506">Mérida</collectingRegion>
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), the Guianas, N & E
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<collectingCountry box="[595,676,1154,1179]" name="Brazil" pageId="22" pageNumber="506">Brazil</collectingCountry>
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, and along upper Amazon Basin in
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<collectingCountry box="[1193,1332,1154,1179]" name="Colombia" pageId="22" pageNumber="506">Colombia</collectingCountry>
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, W
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<collectingCountry box="[174,255,1189,1218]" name="Brazil" pageId="22" pageNumber="506">Brazil</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry box="[272,390,1189,1218]" name="Ecuador" pageId="22" pageNumber="506">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry box="[405,472,1189,1218]" name="Peru" pageId="22" pageNumber="506">Peru</collectingCountry>
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, and
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<collectingCountry box="[551,647,1189,1218]" name="Bolivia" pageId="22" pageNumber="506">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
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; also on
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<collectingCountry box="[771,893,1189,1218]" name="Trinidad and Tobago" pageId="22" pageNumber="506">Trinidad</collectingCountry>
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I.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="22" pageNumber="506" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="22.[171,1381,830,2244]" pageId="22" pageNumber="506">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[173,427,1228,1257]" pageId="22" pageNumber="506">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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Head-body 57-88 mm, tail 13-20 mm, ear 29-35 mm, hindfoot 13-18 mm, forearm 55-60 mm; weight 23-29 g. The Stripe-headed Round-eared Bat is medium-sized, powerful, and strong. Back is uniformly grayish brown to dark brown. Venteris paler than back. Longitudinal white stripe occurs on top of head, which can be very bold or subtle. Rostrum,ears, forearms, legs, and feet are furred. Eyes are small and brown. It has very large rounded ears that do not curl when handled,like those in species of
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<taxonomicName box="[364,517,1461,1494]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Thymelaeaceae" genus="Lophostoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="22" pageNumber="506" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Lophostoma</taxonomicName>
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. Short tail is completely included in uropatagium. Noseleaf is triangular but has indentation on each side close to tip. Lower edge of noseleafis indistinguishable from upper lip. Chromosomal complement has 2n = 16 and FN = 20.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="22" pageNumber="506" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph blockId="22.[171,1381,830,2244]" pageId="22" pageNumber="506">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[173,284,1579,1612]" pageId="22" pageNumber="506">Habitat.</emphasis>
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Tropical rainforests; other tropical ecosystems, including open habitats such as semideciduous forests and drier tropical habitats such as caatinga, cerrado, and
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<collectingRegion box="[174,264,1662,1691]" country="Argentina" name="Chaco" pageId="22" pageNumber="506">Chaco</collectingRegion>
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; swamps; and agricultural areas, at low elevations.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="22" pageNumber="506" type="food_feeding">
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<paragraph blockId="22.[171,1381,830,2244]" pageId="22" pageNumber="506">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[173,434,1698,1731]" pageId="22" pageNumber="506">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
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Based on limited reports, diets of Stripe-headed Round-eared Bats include fruit; insects such as orthopterans, beetles, homopterans, and dipterans; and a few vertebrates.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="22" pageNumber="506" type="breeding">
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<paragraph blockId="22.[171,1381,830,2244]" pageId="22" pageNumber="506">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[173,307,1816,1849]" pageId="22" pageNumber="506">Breeding.</emphasis>
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Female Stripe-headed Round-eared Bats give birth to one young. Reproductive cycle seems to be polyestrous and bimodal, with first peak of births at beginning of rainy season and another one in middle of rainy season.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="22" pageNumber="506" type="activity">
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<paragraph blockId="22.[171,1381,830,2244]" pageId="22" pageNumber="506">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[171,409,1934,1967]" pageId="22" pageNumber="506">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
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Stripe-headed Round-eared Bats have been found in caves, mines, and hollow trees.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[172,1113,2013,2046]" pageId="22" pageNumber="506" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph blockId="22.[171,1381,830,2244]" box="[172,1113,2013,2046]" pageId="22" pageNumber="506">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[172,874,2013,2046]" pageId="22" pageNumber="506">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
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No information.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="22" pageNumber="506" type="conservation">
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<paragraph blockId="22.[171,1381,830,2244]" pageId="22" pageNumber="506">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[173,521,2053,2086]" pageId="22" pageNumber="506">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
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Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List. Given that Stripe-headed Round-eared Bats are vulnerable to habitat disturbance by humans, they are considered threatened in the Mexican federal list of species at risk.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="22" pageNumber="506" type="bibRefCitation_list">
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<paragraph blockId="22.[171,1381,830,2244]" pageId="22" pageNumber="506">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[173,326,2179,2204]" pageId="22" pageNumber="506">Bibliography.</emphasis>
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Aguiar et al. (2015), Clarke & Downie (2001), Dalponte et al. (2016), Gardner (1977b), Koopman & Williams (1951), Lee et al. (2002), Williams & Genoways (2008), Williams et al. (1995).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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||
</document> |