208 lines
18 KiB
XML
208 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6458594" ID-GBIF-Dataset="adeeb71f-7f8d-4e00-bc9f-35089363f76e" ID-ISBN="978-84-16728-19-0" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6458594" approvalRequired="120" approvalRequired_for_taxonomicNames="95" approvalRequired_for_treatments="25" checkinTime="1600878147105" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Don E. Wilson & Russell A. Mittermeier" docDate="2019" docId="03A687BCFF9AFF9A1354FDF4FBC8F88B" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_9_Phyllostomidae_444.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Hsunycteris cadenai" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="527" masterDocId="FF9FFFC4FFB1FFB1133CFFBAFFE0F244" masterDocTitle="Phyllostomidae" masterLastPageNumber="583" masterPageNumber="444" pageNumber="527" updateTime="1656353518553" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Phyllostomidae</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:originInfo>
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<mods:dateIssued>2019</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther type="pubDate">2019-10-31</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher>Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:place>
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<mods:placeTerm>Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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</mods:place>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>444</mods:start>
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<mods:end>583</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification>book chapter</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6458594</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">adeeb71f-7f8d-4e00-bc9f-35089363f76e</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISBN">978-84-16728-19-0</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">6458594</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6727306" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6727306" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A687BCFF9AFF9A1354FDF4FBC8F88B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A687BCFF9AFF9A1354FDF4FBC8F88B" lastPageNumber="527" pageId="43" pageNumber="527">
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<paragraph blockId="43.[102,1149,590,715]" box="[104,161,590,636]" pageId="43" pageNumber="527">
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<heading box="[104,161,590,636]" pageId="43" pageNumber="527">
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<figureCitation box="[104,161,590,636]" captionStart="Plate 39: Phyllostomidae" captionStartId="43.[109,139,3333,3358]" captionTargetBox="[13,2756,14,3657]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="83. Cadena’s Nectar Bat (Hsunycteris cadenai), 84. Dashe’s Nectar Bat (Hsunycteris dashe), 85. Patton’s Nectar Bat (Hsunycteris pationi), 86. Thomas's Nectar Bat (Hsunycteris thomasi), 87. Chestnut Long-tongued Bat (Lionycteris spurrelli), 88. Brazilian Nectar Bat (Lonchophylla mordax), 89. Chocoan Nectar Bat (Lonchophylla chocoana), 90. Goldman's Nectar Bat (Lonchophylla concava), 91. Pacific Forest Long-tongued Bat (Lonchophylla fornicata), 92. Orces’s Long-tongued Bat (Lonchophylla orcesi), 93. Western Nectar Bat (Lonchophylla hesperia), 94. Eastern Cordilleran Nectar Bat (Lonchophylla orienticollina), 95. Handley’s Nectar Bat (Lonchophylla handleyi), 96. Orange Nectar Bat (Lonchophylla robusta), 97. Dekeyser’s Nectar Bat (Lonchophylla dekeyseri), 98. Pale-bellied Nectar Bat (Lonchophylla inexpectata), 99. Bokermann’s Nectar Bat (Lonchophylla bokermanni), 100. Peracchi’s Nectar Bat (Lonchophylla peracchii), 101. Long-snouted Bat (Platalina genovensium), 102. Vieira’s Long-tongued Bat (Xeronycleris vierrai)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6459029" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6459029/files/figure.png" pageId="43" pageNumber="527">83.</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<paragraph blockId="43.[102,1149,590,715]" box="[179,602,590,636]" pageId="43" pageNumber="527">
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<heading box="[179,602,590,636]" pageId="43" pageNumber="527">
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<vernacularName box="[179,602,590,636]" pageId="43" pageNumber="527">Cadena’s Nectar Bat</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[670,1031,590,636]" pageId="43" pageNumber="527" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="43.[102,1149,590,715]" box="[670,1031,590,636]" pageId="43" pageNumber="527">
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<heading box="[670,1031,590,636]" pageId="43" pageNumber="527">
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Woodman & Timm" baseAuthorityYear="2006" box="[670,1031,590,636]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Hsunycteris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="527" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cadenai">
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<emphasis box="[670,1031,590,636]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="527">Hsunycteris cadenai</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="43" pageNumber="527" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="43.[102,1149,590,715]" box="[103,1148,654,675]" pageId="43" pageNumber="527">
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<heading box="[103,1148,654,675]" pageId="43" pageNumber="527">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[103,179,654,675]" pageId="43" pageNumber="527">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[188,431,654,675]" pageId="43" pageNumber="527">Lonchophylle de Cadena</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[453,543,654,675]" pageId="43" pageNumber="527">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[553,814,654,675]" pageId="43" pageNumber="527">Cadena-Nektarfledermaus</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[835,926,654,675]" pageId="43" pageNumber="527">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[935,1148,654,675]" pageId="43" pageNumber="527">Sunicterio de Cadena</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="43.[102,1149,590,715]" box="[103,625,694,715]" pageId="43" pageNumber="527">
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<heading box="[103,625,694,715]" pageId="43" pageNumber="527">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[103,350,694,715]" pageId="43" pageNumber="527">Other common names:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[359,625,694,715]" pageId="43" pageNumber="527">Cadena’s Small Nectar Bat</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<paragraph blockId="43.[716,1309,759,1186]" lastBlockId="43.[103,1314,1193,2767]" pageId="43" pageNumber="527">
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<subSubSection pageId="43" pageNumber="527" type="reference_group">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[716,872,759,792]" pageId="43" pageNumber="527">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authority="Woodman & Timm, 2006" authorityName="Woodman & Timm" authorityYear="2006" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Lonchophylla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="527" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cadena">Lonchophylla cadena Woodman & Timm, 2006</taxonomicName>
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,
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<materialsCitation latitude="3.7333333" longitude="-76.95" pageId="43" pageNumber="527">
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“Twenty-nine km SE of Buenaventura,
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<quantity box="[1024,1094,846,871]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" pageId="43" pageNumber="527" unit="m" value="75.0">75 m</quantity>
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elevation; east bank of Rio Zabaletas, across from the village of Zabaletas (
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<geoCoordinate box="[1020,1132,925,950]" degrees="3" direction="north" minutes="44" orientation="latitude" pageId="43" pageNumber="527" precision="925" value="3.7333333">3°44’ N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate box="[1154,1290,925,950]" degrees="76" direction="west" minutes="57" orientation="longitude" pageId="43" pageNumber="527" precision="925" value="-76.95">76°57' W</geoCoordinate>
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);
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<collectingRegion box="[716,1116,964,989]" country="Colombia" name="Valle del Cauca" pageId="43" pageNumber="527">Valle del Cauca Department</collectingRegion>
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;
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<collectingCountry box="[1133,1275,964,989]" name="Colombia" pageId="43" pageNumber="527">Colombia</collectingCountry>
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.”
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</materialsCitation>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="43" pageNumber="527" type="discussion">
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Molecular and morphological analyses have recovered
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<taxonomicName box="[952,1122,1035,1068]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Lonchophylla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="527" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Lonchophylla</taxonomicName>
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(sensu lato) as a paraphyletic assemblage. Combining evidence from nuclear and mitochondrial genes, karyotypes, and skull morphology, J. A. Parlos and collaborators in 2014 also retrieved
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<taxonomicName box="[910,1080,1193,1226]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Lonchophylla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="527" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Lonchophylla</taxonomicName>
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as paraphyletic. Based on these findings, they described
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<taxonomicName box="[669,817,1233,1266]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Hsunycteris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="527" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Hsunycteris</taxonomicName>
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and included three named species (
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<taxonomicName box="[117,258,1272,1305]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Lonchophylla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="527" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="thomasi">L. thomasi</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName box="[277,416,1272,1305]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Hsunycteris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="527" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cadenai">L. cadenai</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName box="[501,631,1272,1305]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Lonchophylla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="527" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pattoni">L. pattoni</taxonomicName>
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) and one unnamed species. P. M. Velazco and collaborators in 2017 described
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<taxonomicName box="[572,692,1312,1345]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Hsunycteris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="527" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dashe">H. dashe</taxonomicName>
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from north-eastern
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<collectingCountry box="[988,1055,1312,1345]" name="Peru" pageId="43" pageNumber="527">Peru</collectingCountry>
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; it was previously confused with
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<taxonomicName box="[310,558,1352,1385]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Lionycteris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="527" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="spurrelli">Lionycteris spurrelli</taxonomicName>
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. Monotypic.
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</subSubSection>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<subSubSection pageId="43" pageNumber="527" type="distribution">
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||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6458776" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6458776" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6458776/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="527" targetBox="[102,693,768,1181]" targetPageId="43">
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<paragraph blockId="43.[103,1314,1193,2767]" pageId="43" pageNumber="527">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[104,280,1395,1424]" pageId="43" pageNumber="527">Distribution.</emphasis>
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Trans-Andean, known from a few localities in W
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<collectingCountry box="[960,1097,1395,1424]" name="Colombia" pageId="43" pageNumber="527">Colombia</collectingCountry>
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(
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<collectingRegion box="[1117,1248,1395,1424]" country="Colombia" name="Risaralda" pageId="43" pageNumber="527">Risaralda</collectingRegion>
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and
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<collectingRegion box="[103,321,1435,1464]" country="Colombia" name="Valle del Cauca" pageId="43" pageNumber="527">Valle del Cauca</collectingRegion>
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departments) and NW
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<collectingCountry box="[656,775,1435,1464]" name="Ecuador" pageId="43" pageNumber="527">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
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(
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<collectingRegion box="[797,1096,1435,1464]" country="Ecuador" name="Esmeraldas" pageId="43" pageNumber="527">Esmeraldas Province</collectingRegion>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="43" pageNumber="527" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="43.[103,1314,1193,2767]" pageId="43" pageNumber="527">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[104,356,1474,1503]" pageId="43" pageNumber="527">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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Head-body 52-58 mm, tail 7-10 mm, ear 14-15 mm, hindfoot 8-10 mm, forearm 31-32-7 mm; weight
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<quantity box="[667,710,1509,1542]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="7.0" pageId="43" pageNumber="527" unit="g" value="7.0">7 g</quantity>
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. Cadena’s Nectar Bat is among the smaller species in the subfamily
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<taxonomicName box="[443,681,1549,1582]" pageId="43" pageNumber="527" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Lonchophyllinae">Lonchophyllinae</taxonomicName>
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. Dorsal hairs are typically 4-7 mm, bicolored with paler light ocherous buff to ocherous tawny bases (c.60% of length) and darker tips from dark brown on lower back to cinnamon-brown near head; ventral hairs are buckthorn brown to cinnamon-brown, typically unicolored on abdomen but having darker tips near chest. Muzzle is elongated, with lowerjaw extending slightly beyond upperjaw. Weakly developed central rib of noseleaf extends to tip. Ears and wing membranes are blackish brown, and wings attach to ankles. Forearms are naked. Tail membraneis only sparsely haired. Similar to other nectarfeeding bats, rostrum is narrow but only slightly shorter than braincase. In dorsal view of skull, rostrum is short, moderately broad, and inflated above M'; lateral margins are convex; postorbital region is strongly inflated, typically with small lateral projections; and posterior margin of infraorbital foramen typically projects beyond lateral outline of rostrum. I' is more than double size of I’. In palatal view, gaps are obvious between I' and I?, and P* has conspicuous rooted lingual cusp. Dental formula for all species of Hsunycterisis12/2,C1/1,P2/3,M 3/3 (
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<date box="[1105,1139,2066,2095]" pageId="43" pageNumber="527">x2</date>
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) = 34. Chromosomal complement has 2n = 36 and FN = 50, with multiple acrocentric autosomes.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="43" pageNumber="527" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph blockId="43.[103,1314,1193,2767]" pageId="43" pageNumber="527">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[105,216,2141,2174]" pageId="43" pageNumber="527">Habitat.</emphasis>
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Pre-montane rainforests of Pacific coastal plain at elevations below
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<quantity box="[1220,1310,2141,2174]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="43" pageNumber="527" unit="m" value="200.0">200 m</quantity>
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(most records) but also up to ¢.
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<quantity box="[549,660,2181,2214]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="43" pageNumber="527" unit="m" value="2400.0">2400 m</quantity>
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. Cadena’s Nectar Bat seems to prefer primary and secondary rainforests but is also found in clearings, gardens, and banana plantations. A single record comes from Andean montane forests on eastern slope of Western Andes Range. Many individuals have been caught in ground-level (0-3 m) mist nets, indicating preference to fly in low forest strata.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection pageId="43" pageNumber="527" type="food_feeding">
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<paragraph blockId="43.[103,1314,1193,2767]" pageId="43" pageNumber="527">
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||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[106,366,2378,2411]" pageId="43" pageNumber="527">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
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Cadena’s Nectar Batis primarily nectarivorous but also eats pollen, insects, and banana flowers.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[106,479,2458,2491]" pageId="43" pageNumber="527" type="breeding">
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<paragraph blockId="43.[103,1314,1193,2767]" box="[106,479,2458,2491]" pageId="43" pageNumber="527">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[106,240,2458,2491]" pageId="43" pageNumber="527">Breeding.</emphasis>
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No information.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection box="[105,579,2497,2530]" pageId="43" pageNumber="527" type="activity">
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||
<paragraph blockId="43.[103,1314,1193,2767]" box="[105,579,2497,2530]" pageId="43" pageNumber="527">
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||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[105,340,2497,2530]" pageId="43" pageNumber="527">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
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No information.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection box="[106,1046,2536,2569]" pageId="43" pageNumber="527" type="biology_ecology">
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||
<paragraph blockId="43.[103,1314,1193,2767]" box="[106,1046,2536,2569]" pageId="43" pageNumber="527">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[106,807,2536,2569]" pageId="43" pageNumber="527">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
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No information.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection pageId="43" pageNumber="527" type="conservation">
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<paragraph blockId="43.[103,1314,1193,2767]" pageId="43" pageNumber="527">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[107,456,2579,2608]" pageId="43" pageNumber="527">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
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Classified as Data Deficient on The IUCN Red List (as
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<taxonomicName class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Lonchophylla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="527" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cadenai">Lonchophylla cadenai</taxonomicName>
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). Available information is inadequate to make reliable assessments of conservation risks to Cadena’s Nectar Bat.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="43" pageNumber="527" type="bibRefCitation_list">
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<paragraph blockId="43.[103,1314,1193,2767]" pageId="43" pageNumber="527">
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||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[108,260,2702,2727]" pageId="43" pageNumber="527">Bibliography.</emphasis>
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Baker et al. (1982), Carrera et al. (2010), Davalos & Jansa (2004), Griffiths & Gardner (2008b), Parlos et al. (2014), Ribeiro et al. (2003), Velazco et al. (2017), Woodman & Timm (2006).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
</treatment>
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||
</document> |