312 lines
34 KiB
XML
312 lines
34 KiB
XML
<document id="31557962CAF9341FAE0555818D062C98" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3736.5.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="495ee224-dd4f-4c96-aa06-094b23e135a1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="248431" ID-ZooBank="2A05A2A2-CF49-4585-A75D-7086B9DDD7B3" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460698653243" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Sinclair, Bradley J., Brooks, Scott E. & Cumming, Jeffrey M." docDate="2013" docId="03A68780FFF8FFEE56A0FE036BB0FCE6" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03736p456.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3736 (5)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Empis (Enoplempis) arthritica Melander" docType="treatment" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="415" masterDocId="FF9FFFF8FFF3FFE05637FFDF691EFFFC" masterDocTitle="Revision of the Empis subgenus Enoplempis Bigot, east of the Rocky Mountains (Diptera: Empididae)" masterLastPageNumber="456" masterPageNumber="401" pageNumber="412" updateTime="1698354041895" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="A9E8A8F9EBC05CF2A3D3539CE0B02746" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="4DD8CCB719F06C8E296712182D01F1A0">
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<mods:title id="52FBE59A1A4450151F7AE27CAAC0F8B3">Revision of the Empis subgenus Enoplempis Bigot, east of the Rocky Mountains (Diptera: Empididae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="270FEAE8FF1035C8136226030347A2BF" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="6E244357B84E7193C2E7021B62A7F8A0">
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<mods:roleTerm id="80A05D99A7A02A510E260C78A099ADF3">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="B5F2CAB68EE5A47839FCC64E7575A6E8">Sinclair, Bradley J.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="AE2158FEB70C152B5EF25E856B9154D3" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="19B012675C4B870DC1AF9AFB20C184EC">
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<mods:roleTerm id="3496AD9B43F980349B54F91B76C786DC">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="4647F52ADF8CC722895C0E6984F7E2F2">Brooks, Scott E.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="FDFCE4838796DAA975CDF1D1786F322C" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="6FBCBEB328C16F0B49EBFEC313890C70">
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<mods:roleTerm id="CBEA2F1C341388D426B6937A28736B96">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="A836988BC30C9C342FCA83F33E225431">Cumming, Jeffrey M.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="D64A136CA75A6DD22E8CDB7489F40F22">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem id="519E40038D41506474B32EAD8BC5C16D" type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo id="C322FDE66EEDC0866E8130C0E549B9EB">
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<mods:title id="76D64E2056484E9B465575CF78E45EB3">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="646D21B9D20B3CADD4674DD9776A3E68">
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<mods:date id="19809A8D9231349CD6C56AF9C7666BC7">2013</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="E91450A856F5011416F396591BDAF414" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="C1598297BCFD4212B3C60F6F23A7F357">3736</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="6DF0B3647874ABF73F4C515475F98377" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="DA271D2640187E65C1E8E23F436B85A0">5</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="AD40A4BAEF8C2E25787780A6E3BE18EE">401</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="40096754BD7AD06500FA54379C53DDE6">456</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification id="03A0A07373E3C9253B4171C24AD25102">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="0AF572E785A97CC0DD9D5FEE2711DD45" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3736.5.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="BD97951935C2E232EF2F767B32CBAE60" type="GBIF-Dataset">495ee224-dd4f-4c96-aa06-094b23e135a1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="E40ECB51C02DF0E9271B2BE3835DADD6" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="ED054721A032B17426B1F6BF427E6679" type="Zenodo-Dep">248431</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="7DF0012EE6359691D2F0B933F2EA09E3" type="ZooBank">2A05A2A2-CF49-4585-A75D-7086B9DDD7B3</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="03A68780FFF8FFEE56A0FE036BB0FCE6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6157562" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119582597" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6157562" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A68780FFF8FFEE56A0FE036BB0FCE6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A68780FFF8FFEE56A0FE036BB0FCE6" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="415" pageId="11" pageNumber="412">
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<subSubSection id="C315651DFFF8FFEB56A0FE036BADFD87" pageId="11" pageNumber="412" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BB03696FFF8FFEB56A0FE036B96FE0A" blockId="11.[151,648,476,535]" box="[151,648,476,502]" pageId="11" pageNumber="412">
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<heading id="D0F881FAFFF8FFEB56A0FE036B96FE0A" bold="true" box="[151,648,476,502]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="412" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D15FFF8FFEB56A0FE036B96FE0A" ID-CoL="8BZG5" authority="Melander" authorityName="Melander" box="[151,648,476,502]" class="Insecta" family="Empididae" genus="Empis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="412" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arthritica" subGenus="Enoplempis">
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<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFF8FFEB56A0FE036B96FE0A" bold="true" box="[151,648,476,502]" pageId="11" pageNumber="412">
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<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFF8FFEB56A0FE0369FDFE0A" bold="true" box="[151,227,476,502]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="412">Empis</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFF8FFEB56C3FE03689DFE0A" bold="true" box="[244,387,476,502]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="412">Enoplempis</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFF8FFEB57A2FE036B19FE0A" bold="true" box="[405,519,476,502]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="412">arthritica</emphasis>
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Melander
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB03696FFF8FFEB56A0FE2168AFFDEB" blockId="11.[151,648,476,535]" box="[151,433,510,535]" pageId="11" pageNumber="412">
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(
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<figureCitation id="13342A13FFF8FFEB56A8FE2169FBFDEB" box="[159,229,510,535]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1898,1920]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,208,1872]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[151,1436,193,1876]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 6. Male legs of E. (Enoplempis). A, E. arthritica, hindleg, anterior view; B, E. arthritica, apex of hind femur and base of hind tibia, anterior view; C, E. arthritica, apex of hind femur and base of hind tibia, posterior view; D, E. ctenocnema, hindleg, anterior view; E, E. enodis, hindleg, anterior view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/248436/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="412">Figs 6</figureCitation>
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A, B, C, 7A, 11A)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB03696FFF8FFEB56A0FD976BADFD87" blockId="11.[151,1122,582,635]" pageId="11" pageNumber="412">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D15FFF8FFEB56A0FD976B07FDA0" authority="Melander, 1902: 318" authorityName="Melander" authorityPageNumber="318" authorityYear="1902" box="[151,537,582,605]" class="Insecta" family="Empididae" genus="Empis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="412" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arthritica">
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<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFF8FFEB56A0FD976823FDA0" box="[151,317,582,605]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="412">Empis arthritica</emphasis>
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Melander, 1902: 318
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<typeStatus id="54B48834FFF8FFEB5414FD986B4BFDA0" box="[547,597,583,604]" pageId="11" pageNumber="412">Type</typeStatus>
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locality: Montgomery County, Pennsylvania,
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<collectingCountry id="F3187606FFF8FFEB521FFD996D40FDA0" box="[1064,1118,582,604]" name="United States of America" pageId="11" pageNumber="412">USA</collectingCountry>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D15FFF8FFEB56A0FDB96BB1FD87" authority="Melander, 1928: 142" authorityName="Melander" authorityPageNumber="142" authorityYear="1928" box="[151,687,613,635]" class="Insecta" family="Empididae" genus="Empis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="412" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arthritica" subGenus="Enoplempis">
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<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFF8FFEB56A0FDB969C9FD87" box="[151,215,614,635]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="412">Empis</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFF8FFEB56D2FDBA6842FD87" box="[229,348,613,635]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="412">Enoplempis</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFF8FFEB575CFDBA68D2FD87" box="[363,460,613,635]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="412">arthritica</emphasis>
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: Melander, 1928: 142
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C315651DFFF8FFEB56A0FD786B6BFBB0" pageId="11" pageNumber="412" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BB03696FFF8FFEB56A0FD786A4BFCAC" blockId="11.[151,1436,679,2037]" pageId="11" pageNumber="412">
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<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFF8FFEB56A0FD7868A1FD3C" bold="true" box="[151,447,679,704]" pageId="11" pageNumber="412">
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<typeStatus id="54B48834FFF8FFEB56A0FD7869CCFD3C" box="[151,210,679,704]" pageId="11" pageNumber="412">Type</typeStatus>
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material examined
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</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFF8FFEB57E6FD786B63FD3C" bold="true" box="[465,637,679,704]" pageId="11" pageNumber="412">
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<typeStatus id="54B48834FFF8FFEB57E6FD786B63FD3C" box="[465,637,679,704]" pageId="11" pageNumber="412" type="lectotype">LECTOTYPE</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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(here designated in order to fix identity of the species) ♂, labelled: “Montg[omery]Co/
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<date id="FFB11056FFF8FFEB574CFD1368C8FD19" box="[379,470,716,741]" pageId="11" pageNumber="412" value="95-05-26">5.26.95</date>
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[
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<date id="FFB11056FFF8FFEB57EBFD136B56FD19" box="[476,584,716,741]" pageId="11" pageNumber="412" value="1895-05-26">26.v.1895</date>
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] PA”; “W.W. Wheeler,/ Collection”; “
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<typeStatus id="54B48834FFF8FFEB5237FD136D56FD18" box="[1024,1096,716,740]" pageId="11" pageNumber="412">TYPE</typeStatus>
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/ No./ A.M.N.H. [red label]”; “Am. Mus. Nat. Hist./ Dept. Invert. Zool./ No. 961”; “
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<typeStatus id="54B48834FFF8FFEB54C1FD2F6A86FCF4" box="[758,920,752,776]" pageId="11" pageNumber="412" type="lectotype">LECTOTYPE</typeStatus>
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/
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<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D15FFF8FFEB5590FD306AF0FCF4" box="[935,1006,751,776]" class="Insecta" family="Empididae" genus="Empis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="412" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Empis</taxonomicName>
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/
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<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D15FFF8FFEB55C9FD306D83FCF4" authority="Mel." authorityName="Mel." box="[1022,1181,751,776]" class="Insecta" family="Empididae" genus="Empis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="412" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arthritica">arthritica Mel.</taxonomicName>
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/ des. Sinclair, Brooks, Cumming 2012 [red label]” (AMNH).
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<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFF8FFEB547FFCCB6A51FCD1" bold="true" box="[584,847,788,813]" pageId="11" pageNumber="412">
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<typeStatus id="54B48834FFF8FFEB547FFCCB6A51FCD1" box="[584,847,788,813]" pageId="11" pageNumber="412" type="paralectotype">PARALECTOTYPES</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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: Same data as
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<typeStatus id="54B48834FFF8FFEB55C2FCCB6D42FCD1" box="[1013,1116,788,813]" pageId="11" pageNumber="412" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
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(3 ♀, AMNH); same data as
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<typeStatus id="54B48834FFF8FFEB56A0FCE8681FFCAC" box="[151,257,823,848]" pageId="11" pageNumber="412" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
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, except C.W. Johnson Collection (
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<specimenCount id="9D09FD1FFFF8FFEB54B5FCE76BB1FCB3" box="[642,687,824,848]" pageId="11" pageNumber="412" type="generic">2 ♂</specimenCount>
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, 2 ♀, USNM).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB03696FFF8FFEB56F0FC836B6BFBB0" blockId="11.[151,1436,679,2037]" pageId="11" pageNumber="412">
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<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFF8FFEB56F0FC836B31FC89" bold="true" box="[199,559,860,885]" pageId="11" pageNumber="412">Additional material examined</emphasis>
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.
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<collectingCountry id="F3187606FFF8FFEB5408FC836B69FC89" box="[575,631,860,885]" name="United States of America" pageId="11" pageNumber="412">
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<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFF8FFEB5408FC836B69FC89" bold="true" box="[575,631,860,885]" pageId="11" pageNumber="412">USA</emphasis>
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</collectingCountry>
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.
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<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFF8FFEB54B0FC836BEFFC89" bold="true" box="[647,753,860,885]" pageId="11" pageNumber="412">Missouri</emphasis>
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:
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<collectingCountry id="F3187606FFF8FFEB5536FC836A67FC89" box="[769,889,860,885]" name="Heard Island and McDonald Islands" pageId="11" pageNumber="412">McDonald</collectingCountry>
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Co., nr Lanagan,
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<date id="FFB11056FFF8FFEB527FFC836DB5FC88" box="[1096,1195,860,884]" pageId="11" pageNumber="412" value="1984-05-08">8.v.1984</date>
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, G.P. & J.F. Hevel (
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<specimenCount id="9D09FD1FFFF8FFEB53A7FC8369B0FC6B" pageId="11" pageNumber="412" type="generic">1 ♂</specimenCount>
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, USNM).
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<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFF8FFEB5711FCA068DBFC64" bold="true" box="[294,453,895,920]" pageId="11" pageNumber="412">Pennsylvania</emphasis>
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: Dauphin Co., Grantville,
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<date id="FFB11056FFF8FFEB54CDFCA06A74FC64" box="[762,874,895,920]" pageId="11" pageNumber="412" value="1962-05-24">24.v.1962</date>
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, J.G. Chillcott (
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<specimenCount id="9D09FD1FFFF8FFEB5217FC5F6D50FC6B" box="[1056,1102,896,920]" pageId="11" pageNumber="412" type="generic">3 ♂</specimenCount>
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||
, CNC); Hummelstown,
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<date id="FFB11056FFF8FFEB5351FCA06C89FC64" box="[1382,1431,895,920]" pageId="11" pageNumber="412">25.v</date>
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, C.W. Johnson (
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<specimenCount id="9D09FD1FFFF8FFEB577BFC7B6865FC40" box="[332,379,932,956]" pageId="11" pageNumber="412" type="generic">1 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
, 1 ♀, USNM).
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<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFF8FFEB540FFC7B6BB1FC41" bold="true" box="[568,687,932,957]" pageId="11" pageNumber="412">Tennessee</emphasis>
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||
: Knoxville, v (09), J.M. Aldrich (
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<specimenCount id="9D09FD1FFFF8FFEB5271FC7B6D6BFC40" box="[1094,1141,932,956]" pageId="11" pageNumber="412" type="generic">1 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
, 1 ♀, USNM).
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||
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFF8FFEB5305FC7B6C8BFC41" bold="true" box="[1330,1429,932,957]" pageId="11" pageNumber="412">Virginia</emphasis>
|
||
: Bedford Co., NF Goose Ck, Mile 90.2 Blue Ridge Pkwy,
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<date id="FFB11056FFF8FFEB5517FC186A90FC1C" box="[800,910,967,992]" pageId="11" pageNumber="412" value="2006-05-29">29.v.2006</date>
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||
(
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||
<specimenCount id="9D09FD1FFFF8FFEB55A8FC176ADDFC1C" box="[927,963,968,992]" pageId="11" pageNumber="412" type="generic">1♂</specimenCount>
|
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, CSUC); Giles Co., Mountain Lake,
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<quantity id="4CF79B73FFF8FFEB5353FC1869B3FBF9" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.09728" pageId="11" pageNumber="412" unit="ft" value="3600.0">3600 ft</quantity>
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||
.,
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<date id="FFB11056FFF8FFEB56F3FC33682BFBF9" box="[196,309,1004,1029]" pageId="11" pageNumber="412" value="1962-05-28">28.v.1962</date>
|
||
, J.G. Chillcott (
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D09FD1FFFF8FFEB57CDFC336B33FBF8" box="[506,557,1004,1028]" pageId="11" pageNumber="412" type="generic">2 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
, CNC): Giles Co., New River,
|
||
<date id="FFB11056FFF8FFEB558FFC336D37FBF8" box="[952,1065,1004,1028]" pageId="11" pageNumber="412" value="1997-05-17">17.v.1997</date>
|
||
, S.A.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3187606FFF8FFEB524BFC336DFEFBF9" box="[1148,1248,1004,1029]" name="Marshall Islands" pageId="11" pageNumber="412">Marshall</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D09FD1FFFF8FFEB52CEFC336C35FBF8" box="[1273,1323,1004,1028]" pageId="11" pageNumber="412" type="generic">1 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
, DEBU); Montgomery Co., Brush Mt., Blacksburg,
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||
<quantity id="4CF79B73FFF8FFEB54ACFBCF6BE6FBD4" box="[667,760,1039,1064]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5344" pageId="11" pageNumber="412" unit="ft" value="2800.0">2800 ft</quantity>
|
||
., ex. blossoms of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D15FFF8FFEB55E8FBD06DC8FBD4" box="[991,1238,1039,1064]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="11" pageNumber="412" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alleghaniensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFF8FFEB55E8FBD06DC8FBD4" box="[991,1238,1039,1064]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="412">Rubus alleghaniensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
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||
<date id="FFB11056FFF8FFEB52DBFBD06C43FBD4" box="[1260,1373,1039,1064]" pageId="11" pageNumber="412" value="1962-05-27">27.v.1962</date>
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||
, J.R. Vockeroth, J.G. Chillcott (
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D09FD1FFFF8FFEB578DFBEB68F8FBB0" box="[442,486,1076,1101]" pageId="11" pageNumber="412" type="generic">5 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
, 7 ♀, CNC).
|
||
</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C315651DFFF8FFEE56F0FB886A81FD76" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="415" pageId="11" pageNumber="412" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB03696FFF8FFEB56F0FB886A20FB69" blockId="11.[151,1436,679,2037]" pageId="11" pageNumber="412">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFF8FFEB56F0FB886824FB8C" bold="true" box="[199,314,1111,1136]" pageId="11" pageNumber="412">Diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||
. This species is distinguished by the highly modified processes of the hind femur and tibia, including tufted setose process on anterior face of the femur.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB03696FFF8FFEB56F0FB406DD7FA00" blockId="11.[151,1436,679,2037]" pageId="11" pageNumber="412">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFF8FFEB56F0FB406869FB44" bold="true" box="[199,375,1183,1208]" pageId="11" pageNumber="412">Re-description</emphasis>
|
||
. Wing length
|
||
<quantity id="4CF79B73FFF8FFEB542CFB406BB9FB44" box="[539,679,1183,1208]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="6.7" metricValueMin="6.3" pageId="11" pageNumber="412" unit="mm" value="6.5" valueMax="6.7" valueMin="6.3">6.3–6.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFF8FFEB5483FB406BEEFB44" bold="true" box="[692,752,1183,1208]" pageId="11" pageNumber="412">Male</emphasis>
|
||
. Head dark in ground-colour, with dense grey pruinescence on face, frons and occiput. Dichoptic, eye with ommatidia of similar size. Frons divergent towards antennae; below ocellar triangle as wide as or slightly wider than anterior ocellus, bearing short setulae along inner margin of eye. Face slightly divergent towards mouthparts; bare with oral margin dark and shining. Ocellar triangle with grey pruinescence, with pair of short parallel ocellar setae; posterior setulae lacking. Occiput bearing row of postocular setae, stout and black on upper section; shorter and more slender on lower section; occipital setae black, long and stout, subequal in length to upper postocular setae. Postpedicel, stylus and scape mostly dark; extreme base of postpedicel and inner face of pedicel slightly paler or orange-brown. Scape slightly more than 2× longer than pedicel; postpedicel more than 5× longer than basal width, more than 3× longer than stylus. Palpus yellow, with setulae dark. Proboscis largely yellow; apex of labrum reddish brown; labellum with dark setae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB03696FFF8FFEB56F0F9D868CEF8E1" blockId="11.[151,1436,679,2037]" pageId="11" pageNumber="412">Thorax dark in ground-colour, largely densely grey pruinescent. Scutum with pair of distinct dark vittae between acr and dc rows; pair of distinct vittae lateral to dc and above notopleural depression. Pleura grey, often with paler upper parts of katepisternum, anepimeron, laterotergite and meron. Proepisternum with several short, dark setae; prosternum bare. Antepronotum with row of short stout dark setae. Postpronotum paler than scutum, with 4–8 short, dark setae and 1 long seta. Scutum with sparse row of fine acr setulae; dc similar to acr, increasing in length posteriorly; 1 posterior npl, with several anterior npl setae; 1 presut spal; 1 psut spal; 1 pal. Scutellum with pair of short sctl, shorter than pal, lacking marginal setulae. Laterotergite with 3–4 long dark setae. Anterior and posterior spiracles pale.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB03696FFF8FFED56F0F8F66A9DF81F" blockId="11.[151,1436,679,2037]" lastBlockId="13.[151,1436,1706,2019]" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="414" pageId="11" pageNumber="412">
|
||
Legs long, entirely yellow, except for dark ring at trochanter-femur junction and apices of femora; apex of tarsomere 1 and tarsomeres 2–5 reddish brown. Coxae with numerous dark lateral setae, longer and stouter along apical anterior margins.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3187606FFF8FFEB579AF8B068FBF874" box="[429,485,1903,1928]" name="India" pageId="11" pageNumber="412">Hind</collectingCountry>
|
||
trochanter lacking setae. Femora lacking distinct posteroventral row of setae; hind femur thickened towards apex. Fore tibia clothed in long dark setae, shorter than width of tibia; with 3–5 anterodorsal, 2–5 posteroventral and several preapical setae. Mid tibia clothed in long dark setae, shorter than width of tibia; several anterodorsal setae, 4 or more posteroventral and anteroventral setae and several preapical setae.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3187606FFFEFFED56E9F9756808F93F" box="[222,278,1706,1731]" name="India" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">Hind</collectingCountry>
|
||
femur with short preapical anteroventral process, bearing tuft of stiff black setae, with 3 anteroventral setae distal to process (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13342A13FFFEFFED5782F9116B1CF91B" box="[437,514,1742,1767]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1898,1920]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,208,1872]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[151,1436,193,1876]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 6. Male legs of E. (Enoplempis). A, E. arthritica, hindleg, anterior view; B, E. arthritica, apex of hind femur and base of hind tibia, anterior view; C, E. arthritica, apex of hind femur and base of hind tibia, posterior view; D, E. ctenocnema, hindleg, anterior view; E, E. enodis, hindleg, anterior view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/248436/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">Figs 6</figureCitation>
|
||
A–C); inner apex with preapical posteroventral hook-shaped process directed ventrally, short, preapical, posterior finger-like knob and anteroventral apex produced as flange.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3187606FFFEFFED5313F92D6C42F8F7" box="[1316,1372,1778,1803]" name="India" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">Hind</collectingCountry>
|
||
tibia somewhat twisted, geniculate and highly excavated at base, fitting posteroventral processes of femur when reflexed (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13342A13FFFEFFED56A8F8E569FDF8AF" box="[159,227,1850,1875]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1898,1920]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,208,1872]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[151,1436,193,1876]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 6. Male legs of E. (Enoplempis). A, E. arthritica, hindleg, anterior view; B, E. arthritica, apex of hind femur and base of hind tibia, anterior view; C, E. arthritica, apex of hind femur and base of hind tibia, posterior view; D, E. ctenocnema, hindleg, anterior view; E, E. enodis, hindleg, anterior view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/248436/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
A); outer base with short anteroventral knob with tuft of stiff, black setae, opposite tufted process of femur; inner base with posteroventral thumb-like process, apex attenuated, densely clothed in setae; anterodorsal and dorsal portions with several rows of stout, black setae of various lengths, some subequal to width of tibia; several preapical setae present. Tarsomeres 1–5 of all legs with rows of antero- and posteroventral spine-like setae; fore tarsomere 1 somewhat swollen, similar in size to hind tarsomere 1.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF70661EFFFFFFEC56A0F8B56BEEF841" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/248436/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" targetBox="[151,1436,208,1872]" targetPageId="12">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB03696FFFFFFEC56A0F8B56BEEF841" blockId="12.[151,1435,1898,1981]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFFFFFEC56A0F8B56810F883" bold="true" box="[151,270,1898,1920]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">FIGURE 6</emphasis>
|
||
. Male legs of
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFFFFFEC5790F8B468A8F87C" box="[423,438,1899,1920]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">E</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D15FFFFFFEC57FAF8B56B5BF87C" box="[461,581,1898,1920]" class="Insecta" family="Empididae" genus="Enoplempis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFFFFFEC57FAF8B56B5BF87C" box="[461,581,1898,1920]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">Enoplempis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFFFFFEC546BF8B56B70F883" bold="true" box="[604,622,1898,1919]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">A</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D15FFFFFFEC544BF8B46BE5F87C" box="[636,763,1898,1920]" class="Insecta" family="Empididae" genus="Empis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arthritica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFFFFFEC544BF8B46BE5F87C" box="[636,763,1898,1920]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">E. arthritica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, hindleg, anterior view;
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFFFFFEC55CBF8B56D13F883" bold="true" box="[1020,1037,1898,1919]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">B</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D15FFFFFFEC522CF8B46D84F87C" box="[1051,1178,1898,1920]" class="Insecta" family="Empididae" genus="Empis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arthritica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFFFFFEC522CF8B46D84F87C" box="[1051,1178,1898,1920]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">E. arthritica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, apex of hind femur and base of hind tibia, anterior view;
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFFFFFEC57DFF85768E4F862" bold="true" box="[488,506,1928,1950]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">C</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D15FFFFFFEC5430F8556B9AF862" box="[519,644,1928,1951]" class="Insecta" family="Empididae" genus="Empis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arthritica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFFFFFEC5430F8556B9AF862" box="[519,644,1928,1951]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">E. arthritica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, apex of hind femur and base of hind tibia, posterior view;
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFFFFFEC52D6F8566DEDF862" bold="true" box="[1249,1267,1929,1950]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">D</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D15FFFFFFEC5337F8556C88F863" box="[1280,1430,1930,1951]" class="Insecta" family="Empididae" genus="Empis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ctenocnema">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFFFFFEC5337F8556C88F863" box="[1280,1430,1930,1951]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">E. ctenocnema</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, hindleg, anterior view;
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFFFFFEC57B4F878688AF840" bold="true" box="[387,404,1959,1980]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">E</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D15FFFFFFEC5797F87768E0F841" box="[416,510,1959,1981]" class="Insecta" family="Empididae" genus="Empis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="enodis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFFFFFEC5797F87768E0F841" box="[416,510,1959,1981]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">E. enodis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, hindleg, anterior view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF70661EFFFEFFED56A0F9916D6CF998" box="[151,1138,1614,1637]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/248437/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="414" targetBox="[304,1262,209,1584]" targetPageId="13">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB03696FFFEFFED56A0F9916D6CF998" blockId="13.[151,1138,1614,1637]" box="[151,1138,1614,1637]" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFFEFFED56A0F9916812F998" bold="true" box="[151,268,1614,1636]" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">FIGURE 7</emphasis>
|
||
. Male terminalia, lateral view of
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFFEFFED5468F98F6B70F999" box="[607,622,1616,1637]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">E</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D15FFFEFFED54B3F9916BE5F998" box="[644,763,1614,1636]" class="Insecta" family="Empididae" genus="Enoplempis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="414" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFFEFFED54B3F9916BE5F998" box="[644,763,1614,1636]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">Enoplempis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFFEFFED5527F9916A3CF99F" bold="true" box="[784,802,1614,1635]" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">A</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D15FFFEFFED5518F98F6AB2F998" box="[815,940,1614,1637]" class="Insecta" family="Empididae" genus="Empis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="414" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arthritica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFFEFFED5518F98F6AB2F998" box="[815,940,1614,1637]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">E. arthritica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFFEFFED558DF9906AD5F998" bold="true" box="[954,971,1615,1636]" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">B</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D15FFFEFFED55E0F98F6D72F999" box="[983,1132,1616,1637]" class="Insecta" family="Empididae" genus="Empis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="414" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ctenocnema">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFFEFFED55E0F98F6D72F999" box="[983,1132,1616,1637]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">E. ctenocnema</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB03696FFFDFFEE56F0FF486A8CFF07" blockId="14.[151,1436,151,794]" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">Wing clear with brownish veins; all veins complete (except Sc), well sclerotized. Basal costal seta short, inconspicuous, slightly stouter and longer than surrounding costal setae. R5 and M1 somewhat divergent near wing margin; R5 ending beyond wing tip; radial fork acute. Halter yellow.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB03696FFFDFFEE56F0FED66C96FDBE" blockId="14.[151,1436,151,794]" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">
|
||
Abdomen yellow with median area of tergites dark, sternites yellow; long marginal setae on tergites. Marginal setae on segment 8 subequal to length of tergite. Pregenital segments unmodified; sclerites of segment 8 weakly fused laterally, forming complete ring, weakly sclerotized dorsally. Terminalia (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13342A13FFFDFFEE5219FE8E6D6AFE96" box="[1070,1140,337,362]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1614,1636]" captionTargetBox="[304,1262,209,1584]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1436,193,1593]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 7. Male terminalia, lateral view of E. (Enoplempis). A, E. arthritica; B, E. ctenocnema." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/248437/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
A) largely yellow. Cercus broad, well separated from dorsal margin of epandrium, posterior end prolonged into finger-like, setose process arched medially. Hypoproct lacking setae. Epandrial lamella subrectangular, posterodorsal margin produced into hook-like process (lacking pubescence) with bacilliform sclerite extending to base of process; setae short. Hypandrium short, not extended posteriorly with truncate margin, about 0.2× as long as epandrium; lacking setae. Phallus with broad basal 0.3, apical 0.6 gently arched dorsally and gradually tapered; apex emerging beyond cercus; ejaculatory apodeme longer than half length of epandrium; inverted Y-shaped, with median keel reduced.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB03696FFFDFFEE56F0FD926A81FD76" blockId="14.[151,1436,151,794]" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFFDFFEE56F0FD926800FD9A" bold="true" box="[199,286,589,614]" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">Female</emphasis>
|
||
. Similar to male, except as follows: frons slightly broader; hind femur and tibia lacking modified setae and processes; cercus long and slender, slightly shorter than tergite 8.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C315651DFFFDFFEE56F0FD4A6BB0FCE6" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB03696FFFDFFEE56F0FD4A68A0FD0A" blockId="14.[151,1436,151,794]" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFFDFFEE56F0FD4A6A26FD52" bold="true" box="[199,824,661,686]" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">Geographical distribution and seasonal occurrence</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13342A13FFFDFFEE557CFD4A6A81FD52" box="[843,927,661,686]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="22.[151,250,2013,2035]" captionTargetBox="[154,1435,504,1996]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[151,1436,499,2000]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 11. Distribution of E. (Enoplempis). A, E. arthritica and E. gladiator; B, E. gulosa." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/248441/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
|
||
A).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D15FFFDFFEE55F8FD496D47FD52" authority="(En.)" baseAuthorityName="En." box="[975,1113,662,686]" class="Insecta" family="Empididae" genus="Empis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFFDFFEE55F8FD496D0BFD51" box="[975,1045,662,685]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">Empis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFFDFFEE521DFD486D4EFD52" box="[1066,1104,663,686]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">En.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D15FFFDFFEE5252FD4A6DCFFD52" box="[1125,1233,661,686]" class="Insecta" family="Empididae" genus="Empis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arthritica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFFDFFEE5252FD4A6DCFFD52" box="[1125,1233,661,686]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">arthritica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
ranges along the Appalachian Mountains from Pennsylvania to Tennessee, west to the Ozark Plateau in Missouri. Adults have been collected throughout May.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB03696FFFDFFEE56F0FCDE6BB0FCE6" blockId="14.[151,1436,151,794]" box="[199,686,769,794]" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFFDFFEE56F0FCDE68F2FCE6" bold="true" box="[199,492,769,794]" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">Nuptial gift presentation</emphasis>
|
||
. Form unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |