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<document id="F7FDE3F27387E3E7406779343C4FB526" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3736.5.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="495ee224-dd4f-4c96-aa06-094b23e135a1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="248431" ID-ZooBank="2A05A2A2-CF49-4585-A75D-7086B9DDD7B3" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460698653243" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Sinclair, Bradley J., Brooks, Scott E. &amp; Cumming, Jeffrey M." docDate="2013" docId="03A68780FFD8FFCF56A0FAE16A3EFD9C" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03736p456.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3736 (5)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Empis (Enoplempis) tridentata Coquillett" docType="treatment" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="448" masterDocId="FF9FFFF8FFF3FFE05637FFDF691EFFFC" masterDocTitle="Revision of the Empis subgenus Enoplempis Bigot, east of the Rocky Mountains (Diptera: Empididae)" masterLastPageNumber="456" masterPageNumber="401" pageNumber="444" updateTime="1698354041895" updateUser="plazi">
<mods:mods id="2A972C7173C38B1FDD826D17EEDD3D8B" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="597B0ECF4E35ECD00848DE0B9317390F">
<mods:title id="C5C54E75ED0D35F7C008DDF8EFD2E977">Revision of the Empis subgenus Enoplempis Bigot, east of the Rocky Mountains (Diptera: Empididae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="42C42AC82EA759E388DC09797946BE70" type="personal">
<mods:role id="955CC533178D2A24FC01C877864786A5">
<mods:roleTerm id="5E52244478FF51033DFD36808D5BCFFA">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="FD8D4343EB82585E6E1F676C77DE3ADB">Sinclair, Bradley J.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="E17159FAA44B9CCF3C41FD26F4925EB0" type="personal">
<mods:role id="22EA8CA1FB8B4B6DD2DC0BA4B652BFF3">
<mods:roleTerm id="23C1801A70E14EAD2CCB1865B6D04263">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="2252E2F69A845D1DBF599B0DE87E7466">Brooks, Scott E.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="5AC9D7F3B2EF32F71A6FC4DB3E140A8C" type="personal">
<mods:role id="5B6C52DF680D5DE3C2057D2E9162E4BB">
<mods:roleTerm id="A6A4E5202644E84A0D247142BE4A008F">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="9AC12B4058D0A01C4820CDDE3A18CED9">Cumming, Jeffrey M.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="DCBC093E004CAAF7B0D5B9A98A9E7C5F">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="305F27958F6F97F42512EF4243BBE03E" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="BD9EAF1D353A25A3847CE6759D3EEC89">
<mods:title id="4016164C9B3380EFD88FD40C4647B01B">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="82E0EE7BA56CD7F84E946823D69432A0">
<mods:date id="D84A0421F162BA16F0999B002169B654">2013</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="F218D144A803E491D3E208CDB8EE350A" type="volume">
<mods:number id="9C56357BB656C9CE244C54BC24444060">3736</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="61EDA34EA7AB56F50D91CC74A59FC73E" type="issue">
<mods:number id="0F7F76CF2B3A3A4804850CC7F12CA513">5</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="5E36F5A6C69B32C15B9DB913E0924955" unit="page">
<mods:start id="CD888D0B5588BF9F5F5E6EDD02513847">401</mods:start>
<mods:end id="D8323E53BEC6DCF97098FF6DDF52A009">456</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="3DCCCF02B5335893B375A18AF463BF6C">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="0FD13DA67344B072F3C23DA4A883661A" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3736.5.1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="8DF430D51E875AF1500F2EFCFC2467FE" type="GBIF-Dataset">495ee224-dd4f-4c96-aa06-094b23e135a1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="A313920EE7E7CE681671D49848D5780D" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="013C4A6E0CBF9C90FF1015242BF580D3" type="Zenodo-Dep">248431</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="70772368940E7C3899D288FFA2633B5B" type="ZooBank">2A05A2A2-CF49-4585-A75D-7086B9DDD7B3</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03A68780FFD8FFCF56A0FAE16A3EFD9C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6157605" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119582618" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6157605" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A68780FFD8FFCF56A0FAE16A3EFD9C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A68780FFD8FFCF56A0FAE16A3EFD9C" lastPageId="47" lastPageNumber="448" pageId="43" pageNumber="444">
<subSubSection id="C315651DFFD8FFCB56A0FAE16A94FA43" pageId="43" pageNumber="444" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BB03696FFD8FFCB56A0FAE16B93FAA4" blockId="43.[151,653,1342,1402]" box="[151,653,1342,1368]" pageId="43" pageNumber="444">
<heading id="D0F881FAFFD8FFCB56A0FAE16B93FAA4" bold="true" box="[151,653,1342,1368]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="43" pageNumber="444" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D15FFD8FFCB56A0FAE16B93FAA4" ID-CoL="39JSM" authority="Coquillett" authorityName="Coquillett" box="[151,653,1342,1368]" class="Insecta" family="Empididae" genus="Empis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="444" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tridentata" subGenus="Enoplempis">
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFD8FFCB56A0FAE16B93FAA4" bold="true" box="[151,653,1342,1368]" pageId="43" pageNumber="444">
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFD8FFCB56A0FAE169FDFAA4" bold="true" box="[151,227,1342,1368]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="444">Empis</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFD8FFCB56C3FAE1689DFAA4" bold="true" box="[244,387,1342,1368]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="444">Enoplempis</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFD8FFCB57A2FAE16B17FAA4" bold="true" box="[405,521,1342,1368]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="444">tridentata</emphasis>
Coquillett
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB03696FFD8FFCB56A0FABE68F9FA86" blockId="43.[151,653,1342,1402]" box="[151,487,1377,1402]" pageId="43" pageNumber="444">
(
<figureCitation id="13342A13FFD8FFCB56A8FABE69FFFA86" box="[159,225,1377,1402]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1796,1818]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1773]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,193,1774]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 1. Empis (Enoplempis) species. A, B, E. vockerothi (Hocking Co., OH) male with balloon (photographs by Allen Coovert); C, swarming males of E. vockerothi with balloons shown by arrows (photograph by Allen Coovert); D, E. snoddyi (Sevier, TN) apparently in the process of forming a balloon (photograph by Thomas Bentley, copyright Thomasbentley. com); E, E. vockerothi, male; F, E. appalachicola, male; G, E. tridentata, male. Scale bars = 2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/248432/files/figure.png" pageId="43" pageNumber="444">Figs 1</figureCitation>
G, 2B, 19D, 21A, 22B)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB03696FFD8FFCB56A0FA756A94FA43" blockId="43.[151,906,1449,1471]" box="[151,906,1449,1471]" pageId="43" pageNumber="444">
<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D15FFD8FFCB56A0FA756B3FFA43" authority="Coquillett, 1901: 609" authorityName="Coquillett" authorityPageNumber="609" authorityYear="1901" box="[151,545,1449,1471]" class="Insecta" family="Empididae" genus="Empis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="444" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tridentata">
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFD8FFCB56A0FA75685EFA43" box="[151,320,1449,1471]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="444">Empis tridentata</emphasis>
Coquillett, 1901: 609
</taxonomicName>
.
<typeStatus id="54B48834FFD8FFCB541CFA756B43FA43" box="[555,605,1450,1471]" pageId="43" pageNumber="444">Type</typeStatus>
locality: Pennsylvania,
<collectingCountry id="F3187606FFD8FFCB5567FA766A98FA43" box="[848,902,1449,1471]" name="United States of America" pageId="43" pageNumber="444">USA</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C315651DFFD8FFCC56A0FA336D3BFD0C" lastPageId="44" lastPageNumber="445" pageId="43" pageNumber="444" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BB03696FFD8FFCB56A0FA336D25F98C" blockId="43.[151,1437,1516,2009]" pageId="43" pageNumber="444">
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFD8FFCB56A0FA3368A1F9F9" bold="true" box="[151,447,1516,1541]" pageId="43" pageNumber="444">
<typeStatus id="54B48834FFD8FFCB56A0FA3369CCF9F9" box="[151,210,1516,1541]" pageId="43" pageNumber="444">Type</typeStatus>
material examined
</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFD8FFCB57E6FA336B63F9F9" bold="true" box="[465,637,1516,1541]" pageId="43" pageNumber="444">
<typeStatus id="54B48834FFD8FFCB57E6FA336B63F9F9" box="[465,637,1516,1541]" pageId="43" pageNumber="444" type="lectotype">LECTOTYPE</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
(here designated in order to fix identity of the species) ♂, labelled: “Delaware Co/ 6[June].12.94 PA”; “CW Johnson/ Collector”; “
<typeStatus id="54B48834FFD8FFCB555AF9CF6AB8F9D4" box="[877,934,1552,1576]" pageId="43" pageNumber="444">Type</typeStatus>
/ No. 5491/
<collectingCountry id="F3187606FFD8FFCB5202F9CF6D7BF9D4" box="[1077,1125,1552,1576]" name="United States of America" pageId="43" pageNumber="444">U.S.</collectingCountry>
N.M. [red label]”; “
<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D15FFD8FFCB537DF9CF6C8DF9D5" box="[1354,1427,1552,1577]" class="Insecta" family="Empididae" genus="Empis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="444" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Empis</taxonomicName>
/
<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D15FFD8FFCB56A0F9EB681EF9B1" box="[151,256,1588,1613]" class="Insecta" family="Empididae" genus="Empis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="444" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tridentata">tridentata</taxonomicName>
/ Coq.” [dissected]; “
<typeStatus id="54B48834FFD8FFCB57DEF9EB6B95F9B0" box="[489,651,1588,1612]" pageId="43" pageNumber="444" type="lectotype">LECTOTYPE</typeStatus>
/
<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D15FFD8FFCB54ADF9EA6AD5F9B1" authority="Coquillett" authorityName="Coquillett" box="[666,971,1588,1613]" class="Insecta" family="Empididae" genus="Empis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="444" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tridentata">
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFD8FFCB54ADF9EA6A4BF9B1" box="[666,853,1588,1613]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="444">Empis tridentata</emphasis>
Coquillett
</taxonomicName>
/ des. Sinclair, Brooks &amp;/ Cumming 2013 [red label]” (USNM).
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFD8FFCB57B8F9876B99F98D" bold="true" box="[399,647,1624,1649]" pageId="43" pageNumber="444">
<typeStatus id="54B48834FFD8FFCB57B8F9876B99F98D" box="[399,647,1624,1649]" pageId="43" pageNumber="444" type="paralectotype">PARALECTOTYPE</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
: Same data as
<typeStatus id="54B48834FFD8FFCB5518F9876A8FF98D" box="[815,913,1624,1649]" pageId="43" pageNumber="444" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
(1 ♀, USNM).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB03696FFD8FFCB56F0F9A36B5DF8FD" blockId="43.[151,1437,1516,2009]" pageId="43" pageNumber="444">
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFD8FFCB56F0F9A36891F969" bold="true" box="[199,399,1660,1685]" pageId="43" pageNumber="444">Taxonomic notes</emphasis>
. This species was based on two males and one female specimen, collected by C.W. Johnson. There are two males in the USNM with the same data as the
<typeStatus id="54B48834FFD8FFCB557FF97F6AACF945" box="[840,946,1696,1721]" pageId="43" pageNumber="444" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
, either of which could be the third
<typeStatus id="54B48834FFD8FFCB5309F97E6C87F945" box="[1342,1433,1697,1721]" pageId="43" pageNumber="444" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
. Both lack the original
<typeStatus id="54B48834FFD8FFCB579EF91A68C7F921" box="[425,473,1733,1757]" pageId="43" pageNumber="444">type</typeStatus>
label found on the other two
<typeStatus id="54B48834FFD8FFCB557AF91A6AADF921" box="[845,947,1733,1757]" pageId="43" pageNumber="444" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
. The designation of the
<typeStatus id="54B48834FFD8FFCB52EBF91B6C5DF921" box="[1244,1347,1732,1757]" pageId="43" pageNumber="444" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
clearly establishes the identity of this species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB03696FFD8FFCC56F0F8D36D3BFD0C" blockId="43.[151,1437,1516,2009]" lastBlockId="44.[151,1436,151,2018]" lastPageId="44" lastPageNumber="445" pageId="43" pageNumber="444">
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFD8FFCB56F0F8D36B34F8D9" bold="true" box="[199,554,1804,1829]" pageId="43" pageNumber="444">Additional material examined</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFD8FFCB540CF8D36BADF8D9" bold="true" box="[571,691,1804,1829]" pageId="43" pageNumber="444">
<collectingCountry id="F3187606FFD8FFCB540CF8D36BADF8D9" box="[571,691,1804,1829]" name="Canada" pageId="43" pageNumber="444">CANADA</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFD8FFCB54F4F8D36A05F8D9" bold="true" box="[707,795,1804,1829]" pageId="43" pageNumber="444">Quebec</emphasis>
: Berthierville,
<date id="FFB11056FFD8FFCB55F0F8D36D20F8D9" box="[967,1086,1804,1829]" pageId="43" pageNumber="444" value="1938-06-28">28.vi.1938</date>
, J. Ouellet (1 ♀, AMNH); Cté Vaudreuil, summit Mt. Rigaud,
<date id="FFB11056FFD8FFCB57CBF8EF6B65F8B5" box="[508,635,1840,1865]" pageId="43" pageNumber="444" value="1993-07-16">16.vii.1993</date>
, D.M. Wood (1 ♀, CNC); Terrasse Vaudreuil, Molson Nature Reserve, MT,
<date id="FFB11056FFD8FFCB56E7F88B686FF891" box="[208,369,1876,1901]" pageId="43" pageNumber="444" value="1999-06-16" valueMax="1999-06-25" valueMin="1999-06-16">16–25.vi.1999</date>
, S.E. Brooks (
<specimenCount id="9D09FD1FFFD8FFCB542AF88B6B55F890" box="[541,587,1876,1900]" pageId="43" pageNumber="444" type="generic">1 ♂</specimenCount>
, CNC).
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFD8FFCB5499F88B6BFBF891" bold="true" box="[686,741,1876,1901]" pageId="43" pageNumber="444">
<collectingCountry id="F3187606FFD8FFCB5499F88B6BFBF891" box="[686,741,1876,1901]" name="United States of America" pageId="43" pageNumber="444">USA</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFD8FFCB54C0F88B6A9AF891" bold="true" box="[759,900,1876,1901]" pageId="43" pageNumber="444">Connecticut</emphasis>
: Stamford,
<date id="FFB11056FFD8FFCB5239F88B6D69F891" box="[1038,1143,1876,1901]" pageId="43" pageNumber="444" value="1936-06-05">5.vi.1936</date>
, B.T.R. Lab. Col. (1 ♀m USNM).
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFD8FFCB56C8F8A76843F86D" bold="true" box="[255,349,1912,1937]" pageId="43" pageNumber="444">
<collectingCountry id="F3187606FFD8FFCB56C8F8A76843F86D" box="[255,349,1912,1937]" name="Georgia" pageId="43" pageNumber="444">Georgia</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
: Forsyth Co.,
<date id="FFB11056FFD8FFCB5436F8A76B76F86D" box="[513,616,1912,1937]" pageId="43" pageNumber="444" value="1970-06-02">2.vi.1970</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D09FD1FFFD8FFCB544DF8A76BB6F86C" box="[634,680,1912,1937]" pageId="43" pageNumber="444" type="generic">6 ♂</specimenCount>
, 1 ♀, CNC).
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFD8FFCB5575F8A76AA9F86D" bold="true" box="[834,951,1912,1937]" pageId="43" pageNumber="444">Maryland</emphasis>
: Beltsville, flowers of
<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D15FFD8FFCB528CF8A76C8BF86D" box="[1211,1429,1912,1937]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Adoxaceae" genus="Viburnum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Dipsacales" pageId="43" pageNumber="444" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dentatum">
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFD8FFCB528CF8A76C8BF86D" box="[1211,1429,1912,1937]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="444">Viburnum dentatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<date id="FFB11056FFD8FFCB56A0F8436810F849" box="[151,270,1948,1973]" pageId="43" pageNumber="444" value="1916-06-18">18.vi.1916</date>
, W.L. McAtee (
<specimenCount id="9D09FD1FFFD8FFCB57F3F84368F0F848" box="[452,494,1948,1972]" pageId="43" pageNumber="444" type="generic">1 ♂</specimenCount>
, 2 ♀, USNM); Beltsville,
<date id="FFB11056FFD8FFCB5522F8436A95F849" box="[789,907,1948,1973]" pageId="43" pageNumber="444" value="1917-06-28">28.vi.1917</date>
, flowers of
<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D15FFD8FFCB5226F8436C63F849" authority="L.O. Jackson" authorityName="L.O. Jackson" box="[1041,1405,1948,1973]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" genus="Xolisma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="43" pageNumber="444" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ligustrina">
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFD8FFCB5226F8436DC3F849" box="[1041,1245,1948,1973]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="444">Xolisma ligustrina</emphasis>
, L.O. Jackson
</taxonomicName>
(1 ♀, USNM); Laurel,
<date id="FFB11056FFD8FFCB574FF81F68F1F825" box="[376,495,1984,2009]" pageId="43" pageNumber="444" value="1965-06-11">11.vi.1965</date>
, marsh edge (2 ♀, CNC); Laurel,
<date id="FFB11056FFD8FFCB555DF81F6AC5F825" box="[874,987,1984,2009]" pageId="43" pageNumber="444" value="1965-07-01">1.vii.1965</date>
, MT (1 ♀, CNC); nr Laurel,
<date id="FFB11056FFD8FFCB5316F81F6C86F825" box="[1313,1432,1984,2009]" pageId="43" pageNumber="444" value="1967-06-20">20.vi.1967</date>
, D.R. Smith (
<specimenCount id="9D09FD1FFFDFFFCC5716FF476852FF53" box="[289,332,152,176]" pageId="44" pageNumber="445" type="generic">3 ♂</specimenCount>
, 1 ♀, USNM).
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFDFFFCC57C6FF486B84FF4C" bold="true" box="[497,666,151,176]" pageId="44" pageNumber="445">Massachusetts</emphasis>
: Amherst,
<date id="FFB11056FFDFFFCC5524FF486A95FF4C" box="[787,907,151,176]" pageId="44" pageNumber="445" value="1963-06-24">24.vi.1963</date>
, D. Meissner (
<specimenCount id="9D09FD1FFFDFFFCC521CFF476D4DFF53" box="[1067,1107,152,176]" pageId="44" pageNumber="445" type="generic">1 ♂</specimenCount>
, USNM); Melrose Highlands,
<date id="FFB11056FFDFFFCC56A0FF636819FF29" box="[151,263,188,213]" pageId="44" pageNumber="445" value="1911-07-01">1.vii.1911</date>
, J.D. Tothill (
<specimenCount id="9D09FD1FFFDFFFCC5797FF6368D7FF28" box="[416,457,188,212]" pageId="44" pageNumber="445" type="generic">1 ♂</specimenCount>
, CNC); Middlesex Co., Lincoln, 6,12.
<date id="FFB11056FFDFFFCC5547FF636AD2FF29" box="[880,972,188,213]" pageId="44" pageNumber="445" value="1982-07">vii.1982</date>
, E.T. Armstrong, MT, (
<specimenCount id="9D09FD1FFFDFFFCC52FAFF636DE6FF28" box="[1229,1272,188,212]" pageId="44" pageNumber="445" type="generic">9 ♂</specimenCount>
, 1 ♀, USNM).
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFDFFFCC56A0FF006806FF04" bold="true" box="[151,280,223,248]" pageId="44" pageNumber="445">Mississippi</emphasis>
: Lafayette Co., Spring 1943,
<date id="FFB11056FFDFFFCC546AFF006BD5FF04" box="[605,715,223,248]" pageId="44" pageNumber="445" value="1946-04" valueMax="1946-05-31" valueMin="1946-04-00">iv–v.1946</date>
, F.M. Hull (
<specimenCount id="9D09FD1FFFDFFFCC5566FF3F6A95FF0B" box="[849,907,224,248]" pageId="44" pageNumber="445" type="generic">10 ♂</specimenCount>
, 6 ♀, CNC); Tishomingo Co., Tishomingo State Park, Outcroppings Tr., waterfall,
<geoCoordinate id="EE3B5051FFDFFFCC542BFEDB6B85FEE1" box="[540,667,260,285]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="44" pageNumber="445" precision="15" value="34.608887">34°36'32''N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE3B5051FFDFFFCC5491FEDB6A35FEE0" box="[678,811,260,284]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="44" pageNumber="445" precision="15" value="-88.17528">88°10'31''W</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="FFB11056FFDFFFCC550DFEDB6AB6FEE0" box="[826,936,260,284]" pageId="44" pageNumber="445" value="2013-05-20">20.v.2013</date>
, J.M. Cumming (
<specimenCount id="9D09FD1FFFDFFFCC5243FEDB6DBDFEE0" box="[1140,1187,260,284]" pageId="44" pageNumber="445" type="generic">2 ♂</specimenCount>
, CNC); same locality except: stream at Pioneer Cabin,
<geoCoordinate id="EE3B5051FFDFFFCC543CFEF86B95FEBC" box="[523,651,295,320]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="44" pageNumber="445" precision="15" value="34.605278">34°36'19''N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE3B5051FFDFFFCC54A3FEF86A06FEBC" box="[660,792,295,320]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="44" pageNumber="445" precision="15" value="-88.19334">88°11'36''W</geoCoordinate>
, J. Gelhaus, #1507 (1♀, CNC); Winston Co., Tombigbee NF, Spring Seep, along sandbottom str., MT,
<geoCoordinate id="EE3B5051FFDFFFCC549DFE936A34FE99" box="[682,810,332,357]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="44" pageNumber="445" precision="15" value="33.255">33°15'18''N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE3B5051FFDFFFCC5501FE936AA2FE99" box="[822,956,332,357]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="44" pageNumber="445" precision="15" value="-89.09139">89°05'29''W</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="FFB11056FFDFFFCC55FBFE936D7DFE98" box="[972,1123,332,356]" pageId="44" pageNumber="445" value="2013-05-17" valueMax="2013-05-21" valueMin="2013-05-17">17–21.v.2013</date>
, J.M. Cumming (
<specimenCount id="9D09FD1FFFDFFFCC5302FE936C49FE98" box="[1333,1367,332,356]" pageId="44" pageNumber="445" type="generic">1♂</specimenCount>
, 1♀); Winston Co., Noxubee NWR, Loakfoma Ck at Dummy Line Rd, MT,
<geoCoordinate id="EE3B5051FFDFFFCC559AFEB06D32FE74" box="[941,1068,367,392]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="44" pageNumber="445" precision="15" value="33.2525">33°15'09''N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE3B5051FFDFFFCC5202FEB06DA5FE74" box="[1077,1211,367,392]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="44" pageNumber="445" precision="15" value="-88.84806">88°50'53''W</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="FFB11056FFDFFFCC52F0FEAF6C41FE74" box="[1223,1375,368,392]" pageId="44" pageNumber="445" value="2013-05-17" valueMax="2013-05-21" valueMin="2013-05-17">17–21.v.2013</date>
, J.M. Cumming (1♀, CNC).
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFDFFFCC5791FE4B6B74FE51" bold="true" box="[422,618,404,429]" pageId="44" pageNumber="445">New Hampshire</emphasis>
: Same data as
<typeStatus id="54B48834FFDFFFCC5511FE4B6A98FE51" box="[806,902,404,429]" pageId="44" pageNumber="445" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
(2 ♀, AMNH;
<specimenCount id="9D09FD1FFFDFFFCC527FFE4B6D64FE50" box="[1096,1146,404,428]" pageId="44" pageNumber="445" type="generic">4 ♂</specimenCount>
, 3 ♀, USNM); Durham,
<date id="FFB11056FFDFFFCC56A0FE686819FE2C" box="[151,263,439,464]" pageId="44" pageNumber="445" value="1981-07-01">1.vii.1981</date>
, K. Tacewski (1 ♀, CNC); Grafton Co., Bridgewater, Whitmore Pt. on Newfound Lk,
<date id="FFB11056FFDFFFCC528AFE686C2AFE2C" box="[1213,1332,439,464]" pageId="44" pageNumber="445" value="1998-06-26">26.vi.1998</date>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE3B5051FFDFFFCC5308FE686C85FE2C" box="[1343,1435,439,464]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="44" pageNumber="445" precision="555" value="43.65">43.65°N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE3B5051FFDFFFCC56A0FE0369F2FE08" box="[151,236,476,500]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="44" pageNumber="445" precision="555" value="-7.77">7.77°W</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="FFB11056FFDFFFCC56CBFE0368A7FE09" box="[252,441,476,501]" pageId="44" pageNumber="445" value="2004-06-27" valueMax="2004-07-05" valueMin="2004-06-27">27.vi.–5.vii.2004</date>
, MT, S.D. Gaimari (
<specimenCount id="9D09FD1FFFDFFFCC5487FE036BFEFE08" box="[688,736,476,500]" pageId="44" pageNumber="445" type="generic">3 ♂</specimenCount>
, 1 ♀, CSCA); Hillsborough Co., Nashua, Long Hill,
<quantity id="4CF79B73FFDFFFCC536FFE036C86FE08" box="[1368,1432,476,500]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="44" pageNumber="445" unit="m" value="20.0">20 m</quantity>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE3B5051FFDFFFCC56A0FE206808FDE4" box="[151,278,511,536]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="44" pageNumber="445" precision="15" value="42.71639">42°42'59''N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE3B5051FFDFFFCC572AFDDF68BDFDE4" box="[285,419,512,536]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="44" pageNumber="445" precision="15" value="-71.45111">71°27'04''W</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="FFB11056FFDFFFCC5799FE206B75FDE4" box="[430,619,511,536]" pageId="44" pageNumber="445" value="2004-06-27" valueMax="2004-07-05" valueMin="2004-06-27">27.vi.–5.vii.2004</date>
, MT, S.D. &amp; A.V. Gaimari (
<specimenCount id="9D09FD1FFFDFFFCC5594FDDF6AC3FDEB" box="[931,989,512,536]" pageId="44" pageNumber="445" type="generic">14 ♂</specimenCount>
, 9 ♀, CNC).
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFDFFFCC5247FE206DE9FDE4" bold="true" box="[1136,1271,511,536]" pageId="44" pageNumber="445">
New
<collectingCountry id="F3187606FFDFFFCC529BFE206DE9FDE4" box="[1196,1271,511,536]" name="Jersey" pageId="44" pageNumber="445">Jersey</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
: Long Branch,
<date id="FFB11056FFDFFFCC56A0FDFB681EFDC1" box="[151,256,548,573]" pageId="44" pageNumber="445" value="1913-06-09">9.vi.1913</date>
, C.W. Johnson (1 ♀, USNM): Woodbury,
<date id="FFB11056FFDFFFCC54E9FDFB6A48FDC1" box="[734,854,548,573]" pageId="44" pageNumber="445" value="1896-06-27">27.vi.1896</date>
, C.W. Johnson (
<specimenCount id="9D09FD1FFFDFFFCC5227FDFB6D22FDC0" box="[1040,1084,548,572]" pageId="44" pageNumber="445" type="generic">1 ♂</specimenCount>
, USNM).
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFDFFFCC5286FDFB6C36FDC1" bold="true" box="[1201,1320,548,573]" pageId="44" pageNumber="445">New York</emphasis>
: Long Is., East Marion,
<date id="FFB11056FFDFFFCC5704FD9768BFFD9C" box="[307,417,584,608]" pageId="44" pageNumber="445" value="1929-05-20">20.v.1929</date>
, R. Latham (1 ♀, CUIC).
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFDFFFCC54EEFD986A4BFD9C" bold="true" box="[729,853,583,608]" pageId="44" pageNumber="445">Oklahoma</emphasis>
: Latimer Co.,
<quantity id="4CF79B73FFDFFFCC5236FD976D29FD9C" box="[1025,1079,583,608]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.437376" pageId="44" pageNumber="445" unit="mi" value="4.0">4 mi</quantity>
SW Red Oak,
<date id="FFB11056FFDFFFCC52DAFD976C45FD9C" box="[1261,1371,584,608]" pageId="44" pageNumber="445" value="1993-05-20">20.v.1993</date>
, J.M. Cumming (2 ♀, CNC).
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFDFFFCC57ADFDB36B2BFD79" bold="true" box="[410,565,620,645]" pageId="44" pageNumber="445">Pennsylvania</emphasis>
: Roxborough,
<date id="FFB11056FFDFFFCC54EDFDB36A4FFD79" box="[730,849,620,645]" pageId="44" pageNumber="445" value="1908-06-14">14.vi.1908</date>
, C.T. Greene (
<specimenCount id="9D09FD1FFFDFFFCC55C5FDB36D05FD78" box="[1010,1051,620,644]" pageId="44" pageNumber="445" type="generic">1 ♂</specimenCount>
, USNM).
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFDFFFCC52BBFDB36C36FD79" bold="true" box="[1164,1320,620,645]" pageId="44" pageNumber="445">Rhode Island</emphasis>
: Westerly,
<date id="FFB11056FFDFFFCC56A0FD506816FD54" box="[151,264,655,680]" pageId="44" pageNumber="445" value="1936-07-06">6.vii.1936</date>
, M. Chapman (
<specimenCount id="9D09FD1FFFDFFFCC5783FD4F68C2FD5B" box="[436,476,656,680]" pageId="44" pageNumber="445" type="generic">1 ♂</specimenCount>
, USNM).
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFDFFFCC5479FD506A1FFD54" bold="true" box="[590,769,655,680]" pageId="44" pageNumber="445">South Carolina</emphasis>
: Lexington Co., Lexington environs, yellow pans forest,
<date id="FFB11056FFDFFFCC5344FD4F6813FD31" pageId="44" pageNumber="445" value="2000-04-22" valueMax="2000-04-30" valueMin="2000-04-22">22– 30.iv.2000</date>
, L. Masner (3 ♀, CNC).
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFDFFFCC5402FD6B6B69FD31" bold="true" box="[565,631,692,717]" pageId="44" pageNumber="445">Texas</emphasis>
: Shelby Co., Sabine NF, Boles Field,
<quantity id="4CF79B73FFDFFFCC5205FD6B6D65FD31" box="[1074,1147,692,717]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.26592" pageId="44" pageNumber="445" unit="ft" value="304.0">304 ft</quantity>
.,
<date id="FFB11056FFDFFFCC52B9FD6B6C1AFD31" box="[1166,1284,692,717]" pageId="44" pageNumber="445" value="1990-04-23">23.iv.1990</date>
, Baumann &amp; Nelson (
<specimenCount id="9D09FD1FFFDFFFCC56C1FD07683EFD13" box="[246,288,728,752]" pageId="44" pageNumber="445" type="generic">1 ♂</specimenCount>
, CNC).
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFDFFFCC574DFD0868F0FD0C" bold="true" box="[378,494,727,752]" pageId="44" pageNumber="445">Tennessee</emphasis>
: Lynchburg,
<date id="FFB11056FFDFFFCC54B7FD086BF0FD0C" box="[640,750,727,752]" pageId="44" pageNumber="445" value="1976-05-26">26.v.1976</date>
, F.C. Harmston (
<specimenCount id="9D09FD1FFFDFFFCC559CFD076ACAFD13" box="[939,980,728,752]" pageId="44" pageNumber="445" type="generic">1 ♂</specimenCount>
, CAS).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C315651DFFDFFFCF56F0FD236D65FEBC" lastPageId="47" lastPageNumber="448" pageId="44" pageNumber="445" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BB03696FFDFFFCC56F0FD236B3EFCC4" blockId="44.[151,1436,151,2018]" pageId="44" pageNumber="445">
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFDFFFCC56F0FD236824FCE9" bold="true" box="[199,314,764,789]" pageId="44" pageNumber="445">Diagnosis</emphasis>
. This is one of the most distinctive species of this subgenus with patterned wings, three dark scutal vittae and darkly banded abdomen.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB03696FFDFFFCC56F0FC9B6B1AFB63" blockId="44.[151,1436,151,2018]" pageId="44" pageNumber="445">
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFDFFFCC56F0FC9B6869FCA1" bold="true" box="[199,375,836,861]" pageId="44" pageNumber="445">Re-description</emphasis>
. Wing length 5.0–
<quantity id="4CF79B73FFDFFFCC5472FC9B6B83FCA0" box="[581,669,836,861]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.6" pageId="44" pageNumber="445" unit="mm" value="6.6">6.6 mm</quantity>
.
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFDFFFCC5490FC9B6BFAFCA1" bold="true" box="[679,740,836,861]" pageId="44" pageNumber="445">Male</emphasis>
. Head dark in ground-colour, with dense greyish pruinescence on face, frons and occiput. Dichoptic, eye with ommatidia of equal size. Frons divergent towards antennae; below ocellar triangle as wide as anterior ocellus, distinctly narrower at middle; setulae absent along inner margin of eye. Face slightly divergent towards mouthparts; bare with oral margin pale and shining. Ocellar triangle dark, subshining, with pair of slightly divergent ocellar setae. Occiput bearing row of postocular setae, stout and black on upper section; shorter and more slender on lower section; occipital setae black, long and stout; postgena with white silky hairs. Postpedicel, stylus and scape mostly dark; base of postpedicel and pedicel often slightly paler or orange-brown. Scape slightly more than 2× longer than pedicel; postpedicel length slightly less than 3× basal width, 2.5× longer than stylus. Palpus bright yellow, with setulae dark. Proboscis yellow; apex of labrum reddish brown; labellum with pale setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB03696FFDFFFCC56F0FB736A29FA3C" blockId="44.[151,1436,151,2018]" pageId="44" pageNumber="445">Thorax yellow in ground-colour, largely densely white pruinescent. Scutum with 3 distinct blackish vittae along acr and dc rows, acr vitta broader than dc vittae, coalescing in prescutellar depression. Pleura yellow, usually with darker shading posterior to spiracles, anterior to laterotergal setae and on ventral pleura. Proepisternum with several long, silky white setae; prosternum bare. Antepronotum with row of short, stout dark setae. Postpronotum with 3 dark setae and several short setae. Scutum with biserial row of fine acr setulae; dc increasing in length posteriorly, prescutellar seta subequal to sctl; 3 posterior npl, with several anterior npl setae; 1 presut spal; 1 psut spal; 1 pal. Scutellum with 2 pairs of long sctl, outer pair shorter. Laterotergite with 3 long dark setae and numerous long white silky setae. Anterior and posterior spiracles pale.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB03696FFDFFFCC56F0FA126DFFF8B0" blockId="44.[151,1436,151,2018]" pageId="44" pageNumber="445">
Legs long and stout, entirely yellow, except for dark ring at trochanter-femur junction and apices of femora; apical tarsi darker. Coxae with numerous dark lateral and apical setae, longer and stouter along apical anterior margins; anterior setae white, silky.
<collectingCountry id="F3187606FFDFFFCC5470F9CB6B61F9D1" box="[583,639,1556,1581]" name="India" pageId="44" pageNumber="445">Hind</collectingCountry>
trochanter lacking modified setae. Fore femur inflated, wider than remaining femora; lacking rows of dark setae. Mid and hind femora with stout anterior preapical seta and several additional preapical setae; anteroventral row of spine-like setae present; mid femur with posteroventral row of black spine-like setae of various lengths, mostly confined to apical half; hind femur with poorly refined rows of short, black posteroventral setae (
<figureCitation id="13342A13FFDFFFCC5425F97B6B7AF940" box="[530,612,1700,1725]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="39.[151,250,1973,1995]" captionTargetBox="[151,1424,193,1951]" captionTargetId="figure@39.[151,1436,193,1952]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="FIGURE 19. Male legs of E. (Enoplempis). A, E. snoddyi, hindleg, anterior view; B, E. stenoptera, hindleg, anterior view; C, E. stenoptera, hind trochanter, anterior view; D, E. tridentata, hindleg, anterior view; E, E. vockerothi, hindleg, anterior view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/248449/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="445">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
D). Fore tibia clothed in short fine setae; lacking stout erect setae, except for 3–4 anterodorsal setae and several preapical setae. Mid tibia clothed in short fine setae; 2 antero- and 2 posterodorsal setae, 1–3 posteroventral and several preapical setae.
<collectingCountry id="F3187606FFDFFFCC55B8F9336AD9F8F9" box="[911,967,1772,1797]" name="India" pageId="44" pageNumber="445">Hind</collectingCountry>
tibia clothed in short fine setae; 4 antero- and posterodorsal setae (
<figureCitation id="13342A13FFDFFFCC579BF8D068E2F8D4" box="[428,508,1807,1832]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="39.[151,250,1973,1995]" captionTargetBox="[151,1424,193,1951]" captionTargetId="figure@39.[151,1436,193,1952]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="FIGURE 19. Male legs of E. (Enoplempis). A, E. snoddyi, hindleg, anterior view; B, E. stenoptera, hindleg, anterior view; C, E. stenoptera, hind trochanter, anterior view; D, E. tridentata, hindleg, anterior view; E, E. vockerothi, hindleg, anterior view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/248449/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="445">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
D) and several preapical setae. Tarsomeres 1–5 of all legs with rows of antero- and posteroventral spine-like setae; fore tarsomere 1 slender, not swollen and lacking long outer setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB03696FFDFFFCC56F0F8886861F81E" blockId="44.[151,1436,151,2018]" pageId="44" pageNumber="445">Wing with clouding at base of R4, apex of discal cell, r-m crossvein, apex of basal cells and branching of Rs (Fig. 2B); all veins complete (except Sc), well sclerotized. Basal costal seta very long, subequal to outer sctl; 3 long black setae at ventral wing base. R5 and M1 divergent near wing margin; R5 ending before wing tip; radial fork acute. Halter yellow.</paragraph>
<caption id="DF70661EFFDEFFCD56A0F8116D6CF818" box="[151,1138,1998,2021]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/248451/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="446" targetBox="[317,1358,206,1967]" targetPageId="45">
<paragraph id="8BB03696FFDEFFCD56A0F8116D6CF818" blockId="45.[151,1138,1998,2021]" box="[151,1138,1998,2021]" pageId="45" pageNumber="446">
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFDEFFCD56A0F8116807F818" bold="true" box="[151,281,1998,2020]" pageId="45" pageNumber="446">FIGURE 21</emphasis>
. Male terminalia, lateral view of
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFDEFFCD545BF80F6B65F819" box="[620,635,2000,2021]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="446">E</emphasis>
. (
<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D15FFDEFFCD54A7F8116A19F818" box="[656,775,1998,2020]" class="Insecta" family="Empididae" genus="Enoplempis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="446" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFDEFFCD54A7F8116A19F818" box="[656,775,1998,2020]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="446">Enoplempis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFDEFFCD552AF8116A31F81F" bold="true" box="[797,815,1998,2019]" pageId="45" pageNumber="446">A</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D15FFDEFFCD550BF80F6AA2F818" box="[828,956,1998,2021]" class="Insecta" family="Empididae" genus="Empis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="446" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tridentata">
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFDEFFCD550BF80F6AA2F818" box="[828,956,1998,2021]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="446">E. tridentata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
;
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFDEFFCD55FEF8106AC4F818" bold="true" box="[969,986,1999,2020]" pageId="45" pageNumber="446">B</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D15FFDEFFCD55D1F80F6D73F818" box="[998,1133,1998,2021]" class="Insecta" family="Empididae" genus="Empis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="446" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vockerothi">
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFDEFFCD55D1F80F6D73F818" box="[998,1133,1998,2021]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="446">E. vockerothi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF70661EFFDDFFCE56A0F97B6D78F946" box="[151,1126,1700,1722]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/248452/files/figure.png" pageId="46" pageNumber="447" targetBox="[167,1433,203,1674]" targetPageId="46">
<paragraph id="8BB03696FFDDFFCE56A0F97B6D78F946" blockId="46.[151,1126,1700,1722]" box="[151,1126,1700,1722]" pageId="46" pageNumber="447">
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFDDFFCE56A0F97B6807F945" bold="true" box="[151,281,1700,1722]" pageId="46" pageNumber="447">FIGURE 22</emphasis>
. Distribution of
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFDDFFCE57F5F97A68CFF946" box="[450,465,1701,1722]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="447">E</emphasis>
. (
<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D15FFDDFFCE57D1F97B6B40F946" box="[486,606,1700,1722]" class="Insecta" family="Empididae" genus="Enoplempis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="447" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFDDFFCE57D1F97B6B40F946" box="[486,606,1700,1722]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="447">Enoplempis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFDDFFCE5444F97B6B9BF945" bold="true" box="[627,645,1700,1721]" pageId="46" pageNumber="447">A</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D15FFDDFFCE54A5F97A6BE3F946" box="[658,765,1700,1722]" class="Insecta" family="Empididae" genus="Empis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="447" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="snoddyi">
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFDDFFCE54A5F97A6BE3F946" box="[658,765,1700,1722]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="447">E. snoddyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D15FFDDFFCE5519F97A6AABF946" box="[814,949,1701,1722]" class="Insecta" family="Empididae" genus="Empis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="447" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stenoptera">
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFDDFFCE5519F97A6AABF946" box="[814,949,1701,1722]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="447">E. stenoptera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
;
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFDDFFCE55F5F97B6ACDF945" bold="true" box="[962,979,1700,1721]" pageId="46" pageNumber="447">B</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D15FFDDFFCE55D7F97A6D7EF946" box="[992,1120,1700,1722]" class="Insecta" family="Empididae" genus="Empis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="447" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tridentata">
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFDDFFCE55D7F97A6D7EF946" box="[992,1120,1700,1722]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="447">E. tridentata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BB03696FFDDFFCF56F0F9396D67FF29" blockId="46.[151,1436,1766,2008]" lastBlockId="47.[151,1437,151,608]" lastPageId="47" lastPageNumber="448" pageId="46" pageNumber="447">
Abdomen with broad, dark anterior band on tergites; tergites with dark marginal setae and clothed in shorter white setae. Marginal setae on segment 8 shorter than length of sclerites. Pregenital segments unmodified; sclerites of segment 8 widely separated, not fused, tergite weakly sclerotized anterodorsally. Terminalia (
<figureCitation id="13342A13FFDDFFCE52E0F8F16C36F8BB" box="[1239,1320,1838,1863]" captionStart="FIGURE 21" captionStartId="45.[151,250,1998,2020]" captionTargetBox="[317,1358,206,1967]" captionTargetId="figure@45.[151,1436,193,1977]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIGURE 21. Male terminalia, lateral view of E. (Enoplempis). A, E. tridentata; B, E. vockerothi." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/248451/files/figure.png" pageId="46" pageNumber="447">Fig. 21</figureCitation>
A) largely yellow. Cercus short, broad, separate from anterior margin of epandrium, broader at anterior end; posterior end truncate; clothed in setae, subequal in length to posterior width of cercus. Hypoproct with pair of slender, fingerlike projections extending to either side of phallus. Epandrial lamella subquadrate, posterior margin somewhat truncate, bearing short apical setae. Hypandrium very reduced, with rounded apical margin, about 0.5× as long as epandrium; lacking setae. Phallus with broad base, tapered, apical half sinuous; apex emerging beyond cercus; ejaculatory apodeme shorter than epandrium; inverted Y-shaped, with short median keel.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB03696FFDCFFCF56F0FF006D65FEBC" blockId="47.[151,1437,151,608]" pageId="47" pageNumber="448">
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFDCFFCF56F0FF006800FF04" bold="true" box="[199,286,223,248]" pageId="47" pageNumber="448">Female</emphasis>
. Similar to male, except as follows: frons broader, as wide as ocellar triangle; spine-like setae of mid femur less numerous and slightly less stout; abdominal pleural membrane extensive and slightly darkened on segments 2–5, probably eversible; cercus long and slender, slightly shorter than tergite 8.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C315651DFFDCFFCF56F0FE936BB0FE09" pageId="47" pageNumber="448" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BB03696FFDCFFCF56F0FE936AEAFE2C" blockId="47.[151,1437,151,608]" pageId="47" pageNumber="448">
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFDCFFCF56F0FE936A25FE99" bold="true" box="[199,827,332,357]" pageId="47" pageNumber="448">Geographical distribution and seasonal occurrence</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13342A13FFDCFFCF5578FE936AB7FE98" box="[847,937,332,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 22" captionStartId="46.[151,250,1700,1722]" captionTargetBox="[167,1433,203,1674]" captionTargetId="figure@46.[151,1436,193,1678]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIGURE 22. Distribution of E. (Enoplempis). A, E. snoddyi and E. stenoptera; B, E. tridentata." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/248452/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="448">Fig. 22</figureCitation>
B).
<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D15FFDCFFCF55E3FE926D40FE98" authority="(En.)" baseAuthorityName="En." box="[980,1118,332,356]" class="Insecta" family="Empididae" genus="Empis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="448" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFDCFFCF55E3FE926D04FE98" box="[980,1050,333,356]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="448">Empis</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFDCFFCF5218FE926D4BFE98" box="[1071,1109,333,356]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="448">En.</emphasis>
)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D15FFDCFFCF525CFE936DC7FE99" box="[1131,1241,332,357]" class="Insecta" family="Empididae" genus="Empis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="448" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tridentata">
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFDCFFCF525CFE936DC7FE99" box="[1131,1241,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="448">tridentata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a widespread species, ranging from west of the southern Mississippi river basin, north to southern Quebec. In the northern part of its range, it is apparently not found west of the Appalachian Mountains, except for outliers in the Laurentians. Adults of
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFDCFFCF5730FE666801FE2C" box="[263,287,441,464]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="448">E.</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFDCFFCF5718FE66684BFE2C" box="[303,341,441,464]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="448">En.</emphasis>
)
<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D15FFDCFFCF5752FE6868CDFE2C" box="[357,467,439,464]" class="Insecta" family="Empididae" genus="Empis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="448" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tridentata">
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFDCFFCF5752FE6868CDFE2C" box="[357,467,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="448">tridentata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have been collected from late April to mid-July.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB03696FFDCFFCF56F0FE036BB0FE09" blockId="47.[151,1437,151,608]" box="[199,686,476,501]" pageId="47" pageNumber="448">
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFDCFFCF56F0FE0368F2FE09" bold="true" box="[199,492,476,501]" pageId="47" pageNumber="448">Nuptial gift presentation</emphasis>
. Form unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C315651DFFDCFFCF56F0FE206A3EFD9C" pageId="47" pageNumber="448" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BB03696FFDCFFCF56F0FE206A3EFD9C" blockId="47.[151,1437,151,608]" pageId="47" pageNumber="448">
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFDCFFCF56F0FE20682AFDE4" bold="true" box="[199,308,511,536]" pageId="47" pageNumber="448">Remarks</emphasis>
. Females have an extensive darkened abdominal pleural membrane that is probably eversible. This is usually considered a secondary sexual feature in female
<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D15FFDCFFCF5539FDFB6A94FDC1" box="[782,906,548,573]" class="Insecta" family="Empididae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="448" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Empidinae">Empidinae</taxonomicName>
, which is correlated with female swarming and sex-role reversal involving male choice (Cumming 1994).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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