170 lines
21 KiB
XML
170 lines
21 KiB
XML
<document id="771E4A1A04510C8E27D3CCCA452A2B1B" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3736.5.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="495ee224-dd4f-4c96-aa06-094b23e135a1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="248431" ID-ZooBank="2A05A2A2-CF49-4585-A75D-7086B9DDD7B3" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460698653243" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Sinclair, Bradley J., Brooks, Scott E. & Cumming, Jeffrey M." docDate="2013" docId="03A68780FFD6FFC656A0FDB36BB0FCC7" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03736p456.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3736 (5)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Empis (Enoplempis) prodigiosa Cumming, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="439" masterDocId="FF9FFFF8FFF3FFE05637FFDF691EFFFC" masterDocTitle="Revision of the Empis subgenus Enoplempis Bigot, east of the Rocky Mountains (Diptera: Empididae)" masterLastPageNumber="456" masterPageNumber="401" pageNumber="438" updateTime="1698354041895" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="5EB051735289E4ED36980C5F9C7A01DC" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="33E79125504982F4317151A3AFB0E2E3">
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<mods:title id="6E05AB40DA167C5E61035CC0A8BA66D4">Revision of the Empis subgenus Enoplempis Bigot, east of the Rocky Mountains (Diptera: Empididae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="F8DE7909C4B1B073688533F66A7C8F4F" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="3FD1F21D6FADA6A79B0AC924C959A21B">Sinclair, Bradley J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="9B6A02901CFC073A57EB70FAEF5BE6F6" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="A85CAAC0F5A7FDF0C6E406CAD977FF77">Brooks, Scott E.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="C8EF212C3DBF4C1A27194A271A14CB72" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="C3437E10AD68648BD85772AEB7127826">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="FE83E1A72074F7C09C6B0BD5C676F949">Cumming, Jeffrey M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="E7B9715F7EDEA31D04EBAC66A33500A3">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="5021FD315629434BA6DE9D339FBC495D">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="2AAF51A2A59BE75C3C23D8461237A545">
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<mods:date id="9412D60F8366DCDB313110BD67DD7ECE">2013</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="3A435AA9440E10258957F304EDFEE4DF" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="EA55DA51D249826FD6BD446FED26F010">3736</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="26CA235AF7A5C24966808010B7273C52" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="28F87E1C31FDB3E256A402734C32DC5A">5</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="A63C4FBF67FE306EDD90B38ECE6F78BB">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="1EE75BAFCF3E8BD4F0BAC00C98E287DF" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3736.5.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="9D759137C8C6956601084BA74F86DD58" type="GBIF-Dataset">495ee224-dd4f-4c96-aa06-094b23e135a1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03A68780FFD6FFC656A0FDB36BB0FCC7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6157599" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119582620" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6157599" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A68780FFD6FFC656A0FDB36BB0FCC7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A68780FFD6FFC656A0FDB36BB0FCC7" lastPageId="38" lastPageNumber="439" pageId="37" pageNumber="438">
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<subSubSection id="C315651DFFD6FFC556A0FDB368D5FD5B" pageId="37" pageNumber="438" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BB03696FFD6FFC556A0FDB36BE3FD7A" blockId="37.[151,765,620,679]" box="[151,765,620,646]" pageId="37" pageNumber="438">
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<heading id="D0F881FAFFD6FFC556A0FDB36BE3FD7A" bold="true" box="[151,765,620,646]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="37" pageNumber="438" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFD6FFC556A0FDB36BE3FD7A" bold="true" box="[151,765,620,646]" pageId="37" pageNumber="438">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D15FFD6FFC556A0FDB36B86FD7A" ID-CoL="9J2J3" authority="Cumming" authorityName="Cumming" box="[151,664,620,646]" class="Insecta" family="Empididae" genus="Empis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="438" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="prodigiosa" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Enoplempis">
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<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFD6FFC556A0FDB369FDFD7A" bold="true" box="[151,227,620,646]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="438">Empis</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFD6FFC556C3FDB3689DFD7A" bold="true" box="[244,387,620,646]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="438">Enoplempis</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFD6FFC557A2FDB36B0AFD7A" bold="true" box="[405,532,620,646]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="438">prodigiosa</emphasis>
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Cumming
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24857FFFFD6FFC554A8FDB36BE3FD7A" box="[671,765,620,646]" pageId="37" pageNumber="438" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB03696FFD6FFC556A0FD5168D5FD5B" blockId="37.[151,765,620,679]" box="[151,459,654,679]" pageId="37" pageNumber="438">
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(
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<figureCitation id="13342A13FFD6FFC556A8FD5169EAFD5B" box="[159,244,654,679]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="33.[151,250,1425,1447]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,359,1409]" captionTargetId="figure@33.[151,1436,359,1410]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 16. Male legs of E. (Enoplempis). A, E. pectinata, hindleg, anterior view; B, E. penicillata, hindleg, anterior view; C, E. prodigiosa, hindleg, anterior view; D, E. prodigiosa, apex of hind femur and base of hind tibia, anterior view; E, E. prodigiosa, apex of hind femur and base of hind tibia, posterior view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/248446/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="438">Figs 16</figureCitation>
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C, D, E, 17B, 18A)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C315651DFFD6FFC556A0FD096DB8FCEF" pageId="37" pageNumber="438" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BB03696FFD6FFC556A0FD096DB8FCEF" blockId="37.[151,1437,726,1975]" pageId="37" pageNumber="438">
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<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFD6FFC556A0FD09685EFD13" bold="true" box="[151,320,726,751]" pageId="37" pageNumber="438">
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<typeStatus id="54B48834FFD6FFC556A0FD0969CCFD13" box="[151,210,726,751]" pageId="37" pageNumber="438">Type</typeStatus>
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material
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</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFD6FFC55778FD0968F0FD13" bold="true" box="[335,494,726,751]" pageId="37" pageNumber="438">
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<typeStatus id="54B48834FFD6FFC55778FD0968F0FD13" box="[335,494,726,751]" pageId="37" pageNumber="438" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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, ♂ labelled: “[
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<collectingCountry id="F3187606FFD6FFC554AFFD086BC8FD13" box="[664,726,727,751]" name="United States of America" pageId="37" pageNumber="438">USA</collectingCountry>
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] Bath Co, VA/
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<date id="FFB11056FFD6FFC555BCFD086D3AFD13" box="[907,1060,727,751]" pageId="37" pageNumber="438" value="2002-05-24">24 May 2002</date>
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/ B. Kondratieff/ Blowing Sprgs/ Back Cr.”; “
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<typeStatus id="54B48834FFD6FFC55729FD2468AAFCEF" box="[286,436,763,787]" pageId="37" pageNumber="438" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
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/
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<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D15FFD6FFC557F4FD236BBBFCEF" authority="(Enoplempis)" baseAuthorityName="Enoplempis" box="[451,677,762,787]" class="Insecta" family="Empididae" genus="Empis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="438" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFD6FFC557F4FD236B17FCEF" box="[451,521,764,787]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="438">Empis</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFD6FFC5542EFD256B83FCEF" box="[537,669,762,787]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="438">Enoplempis</emphasis>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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/
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<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D15FFD6FFC55482FD256A33FCEF" box="[693,813,762,787]" class="Insecta" family="Empididae" genus="Empis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="438" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="prodigiosa">
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<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFD6FFC55482FD256A33FCEF" box="[693,813,762,787]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="438">prodigiosa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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/ Cumming [red label]” (USNM).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C315651DFFD6FFC556F0FCC16D41FC83" pageId="37" pageNumber="438" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BB03696FFD6FFC556F0FCC16D41FC83" blockId="37.[151,1437,726,1975]" pageId="37" pageNumber="438">
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<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFD6FFC556F0FCC16824FCCB" bold="true" box="[199,314,798,823]" pageId="37" pageNumber="438">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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. This species is distinguished by a modified male hind femoral-tibial joint with a number of distinctive projections and setal combs at the base of the femur that articulate with a pair of blunt basiventral tibial processes, and a denticulate phallus that is flanked by stout lateral pointed projections.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C315651DFFD6FFC656F0FC556C19FD0F" lastPageId="38" lastPageNumber="439" pageId="37" pageNumber="438" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BB03696FFD6FFC556F0FC556A21FB3E" blockId="37.[151,1437,726,1975]" pageId="37" pageNumber="438">
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<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFD6FFC556F0FC55684FFC5F" bold="true" box="[199,337,906,931]" pageId="37" pageNumber="438">Description</emphasis>
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. Wing length 6.0 mm.
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<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFD6FFC55454FC556B81FC5F" bold="true" box="[611,671,906,931]" pageId="37" pageNumber="438">Male</emphasis>
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. Head dark in ground-colour, with dense greyish pruinescence on face, frons and occiput, postgena yellowish. Dichoptic, eye with ommatidia of similar size. Frons parallel-sided, subequal to width of ocellar triangle, bearing short dark setulae along inner margin of eye. Face slightly divergent towards mouthparts, bare. Ocellar triangle dark, subshining, with pair of short, parallel, proclinate ocellar setae and several shorter posterior setulae. Occiput bearing 2 strong, black upper postocular setae with remainder of postocular row comprised of short black setae; occipital setae black, similar in size to strong upper postoculars. Postpedicel and stylus dark; scape and pedicel brownish. Scape 2× longer than pedicel; postpedicel more than 5× longer than basal width, about 4× longer than stylus. Palpus pale yellow with dark setulae. Proboscis largely pale; apex and base of labrum darkened; labellum with dark setae.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB03696FFD6FFC556F0FB116C78FA43" blockId="37.[151,1437,726,1975]" pageId="37" pageNumber="438">Thorax mostly yellowish in ground-colour but with darkened scutum medially. Scutum with 1 pair of broad blackish vittae between dc rows. Pleura entirely yellowish. Proepisternum with several short, dark setae on upper part; prosternum bare. Antepronotum with row of short dark setae. Postpronotum with several short dark setae and 1 long seta. Scutum with inconspicuous, uniserial row of fine acr setulae ending at transverse suture; dc row uniserial, slightly stronger than acr, with 1 strong dc posteriorly; 1 strong posterior npl, with several weak anterior npl setae; 2 weak presut spal; 1 strong psut spal; 1 strong pal. Scutellum with pair of short sctl, similar to pal, 1 marginal setula. Laterotergite with 4 long, dark setae and 2 lower setula. Anterior and posterior spiracles pale.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB03696FFD6FFC556F0FA146D5CF84B" blockId="37.[151,1437,726,1975]" pageId="37" pageNumber="438">
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Legs long, yellow, except for dark ring at trochanter-femur junction and apices of femora; tarsi brown, becoming darker apically. Coxae with numerous dark lateral and apical setae, longer and stouter along apical anterior margins.
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<collectingCountry id="F3187606FFD6FFC55756F9CD6887F9D7" box="[353,409,1554,1579]" name="India" pageId="37" pageNumber="438">Hind</collectingCountry>
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trochanter lacking spine-like or modified setae. Femora clothed in short dark setae, setae longer at apex, mid and hind femora with distinct anterior preapical seta.
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<collectingCountry id="F3187606FFD6FFC555C7F9E96D36F9B3" box="[1008,1064,1590,1615]" name="India" pageId="37" pageNumber="438">Hind</collectingCountry>
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femur slender in proximal twothirds, apical third (
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<figureCitation id="13342A13FFD6FFC557B2F98568FFF98F" box="[389,481,1626,1651]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="33.[151,250,1425,1447]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,359,1409]" captionTargetId="figure@33.[151,1436,359,1410]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 16. Male legs of E. (Enoplempis). A, E. pectinata, hindleg, anterior view; B, E. penicillata, hindleg, anterior view; C, E. prodigiosa, hindleg, anterior view; D, E. prodigiosa, apex of hind femur and base of hind tibia, anterior view; E, E. prodigiosa, apex of hind femur and base of hind tibia, posterior view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/248446/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="438">Figs 16</figureCitation>
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C, D, E) swollen, bearing broad anteroventral cone of setae adjacent to slender posteroventral finger-like process, with more distally positioned knob ventrally; anteroventral and posteroventral setal combs present near apex. Fore tibia clothed in dark setae, shorter than width of tibia, setae dense and shorter along anterior surface with several preapical setae. Mid tibia clothed in dark setae, shorter than width of tibia; 1 anterodorsal, 3 anteroventral, 1 posterodorsal, 3 posteroventral and 6 preapical setae.
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<collectingCountry id="F3187606FFD6FFC5524FF9356DAEF8FF" box="[1144,1200,1770,1795]" name="India" pageId="37" pageNumber="438">Hind</collectingCountry>
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tibia weakly bowed medially, clothed in dark setae, mostly longer than width of tibia; basally with pair of blunt ventral processes (
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<figureCitation id="13342A13FFD6FFC5535DF8D169AAF8B7" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="33.[151,250,1425,1447]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,359,1409]" captionTargetId="figure@33.[151,1436,359,1410]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 16. Male legs of E. (Enoplempis). A, E. pectinata, hindleg, anterior view; B, E. penicillata, hindleg, anterior view; C, E. prodigiosa, hindleg, anterior view; D, E. prodigiosa, apex of hind femur and base of hind tibia, anterior view; E, E. prodigiosa, apex of hind femur and base of hind tibia, posterior view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/248446/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="438">Figs 16</figureCitation>
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C, D, E), proximal posteroventral process rounded with tuft of black setae, distal anteroventral process anvilshaped with fringe of short setae apically; 4 dorsal, 2 anterodorsal, 2 anteroventral, 4 posterodorsal and 4 preapical setae. Tarsomeres 1–5 of all legs with rows of antero- and posteroventral spine-like setae; fore tarsomere 1 enlarged, slightly wider than tibia and longer than tarsomere 1 on mid and hindlegs.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB03696FFD5FFC656F0FF486828FF07" blockId="38.[151,1437,151,827]" pageId="38" pageNumber="439">Wing clear with brownish veins; all veins complete (except Sc), well sclerotized. Basal costal seta indistinct from surrounding costal setae. R5 and M1 parallel near wing margin; R5 ending beyond wing tip; radial fork acute. Halter yellow.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB03696FFD5FFC656F0FED96DC9FD7B" blockId="38.[151,1437,151,827]" pageId="38" pageNumber="439">
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Abdominal tergites 1–7 mainly dark, concolorous with scutum medially, with marginal setae distinct and dark; sclerites 1–7 pale with pale setae. Segment 8 with marginal setae dark, longer than proceeding segment. Pregenital segments unmodified; sclerites of segment 8 weakly fused to form complete ring, not weakly sclerotized dorsally. Terminalia (
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<figureCitation id="13342A13FFD5FFC65714FEAD6869FE77" box="[291,375,370,395]" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="35.[151,250,1748,1770]" captionTargetBox="[164,1312,187,1747]" captionTargetId="figure@35.[164,1424,171,1753]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURE 17. Male terminalia, lateral view of E. (Enoplempis). A, E. pencillata; B, E. prodigiosa." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/248447/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="439">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
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B) largely yellow, except cerci dark. Cercus broad at anterior end, narrow at posterior end, appressed to dorsal margin of epandrium; dorsal margin with rounded tooth-like projection at inner apex; posterior end simple, truncate; clothed in setae. Hypoproct lacking setae. Epandrial lamella subtriangular, bearing short apical setae; posterior margin with small process, bacilliform sclerite extending to base of process. Hypandrium prolonged posteriorly with broad notch on apical margin, more than 0.33× as long as epandrium; base with several dark setae, subequal to length of hypandrium. Phallus with broad base terminating apically on each side in lateral pointed projection, medial denticulate apical portion sharply bent upwards with slender apex emerging at cercus; ejaculatory apodeme about 0.5× length of epandrium; inverted Y-shaped, with short median keel.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB03696FFD5FFC656F0FD4D68BCFD57" blockId="38.[151,1437,151,827]" box="[199,418,658,683]" pageId="38" pageNumber="439">
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<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFD5FFC656F0FD4D6800FD57" bold="true" box="[199,286,658,683]" pageId="38" pageNumber="439">Female</emphasis>
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. Unknown.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB03696FFD5FFC656F0FD696C19FD0F" blockId="38.[151,1437,151,827]" pageId="38" pageNumber="439">
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<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFD5FFC656F0FD696A34FD33" bold="true" box="[199,810,694,719]" pageId="38" pageNumber="439">Geographical distribution and seasonal occurrence</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation id="13342A13FFD5FFC6550DFD696A95FD33" box="[826,907,694,719]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="36.[151,250,1958,1980]" captionTargetBox="[155,1416,475,1946]" captionTargetId="figure@36.[151,1436,465,1951]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURE 18. Distribution of E. (Enoplempis). A, E. nuda and E. prodigiosa; B, E. enodis, E. montywoodi, E. pectinata, and E. penicillata." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/248448/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="439">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
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A).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D15FFD5FFC6558FFD676D20FD33" authority="(En.)" baseAuthorityName="En." box="[952,1086,695,719]" class="Insecta" family="Empididae" genus="Empis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="439" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFD5FFC6558FFD676AE0FD33" box="[952,1022,696,719]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="439">Empis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFD5FFC65238FD676D2BFD33" box="[1039,1077,696,719]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="439">En.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D15FFD5FFC65271FD696DA0FD33" box="[1094,1214,694,719]" class="Insecta" family="Empididae" genus="Empis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="439" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="prodigiosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFD5FFC65271FD696DA0FD33" box="[1094,1214,694,719]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="439">prodigiosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is presently known only from the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B48834FFD5FFC65701FD056885FD0F" box="[310,411,730,755]" pageId="38" pageNumber="439" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, which was collected in May in the Allegheny Mountains of western Virginia.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C315651DFFD5FFC656F0FD216BB0FCC7" pageId="38" pageNumber="439" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB03696FFD5FFC656F0FD216C93FCEB" blockId="38.[151,1437,151,827]" box="[199,1421,766,791]" pageId="38" pageNumber="439">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFD5FFC656F0FD21685AFCEB" bold="true" box="[199,324,766,791]" pageId="38" pageNumber="439">Etymology</emphasis>
|
||
. From the Latin for extraordinary, in reference to the highly modified male hind femoral-tibial joint.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB03696FFD5FFC656F0FCFD6BB0FCC7" blockId="38.[151,1437,151,827]" box="[199,686,802,827]" pageId="38" pageNumber="439">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEA84FFD5FFC656F0FCFD68F2FCC7" bold="true" box="[199,492,802,827]" pageId="38" pageNumber="439">Nuptial gift presentation</emphasis>
|
||
. Form unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |