191 lines
25 KiB
XML
191 lines
25 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="10.5252/geodiversitas2019v41a15" ID-GBIF-Dataset="1e89d723-7f54-4d6b-85dd-6bcd573eca32" ID-ISSN="1638-9395" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3694209" ID-ZooBank="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:9DD3CC29-3AEA-44B8-8E8F-6AD882DF5B1C" checkinTime="1583172268754" checkinUser="valdenar" docAuthor="Bonis, Louis de, Gardin, Axelle & Blondel, Cécile" docDate="2019" docId="03A487991A71FF8FFF51FF546FFDF9C1" docLanguage="en" docName="Geodiversitas.41.15.601-621.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Geodiversitas 41 (15)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:F830B10FF475E64C1F1601E3B32DDC00.4:Geodiversitas.2018-.journal_article" docStyleId="F830B10FF475E64C1F1601E3B32DDC00" docStyleName="Geodiversitas.2018-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Nimravus intermedius" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="616" masterDocId="FF9DFFE11A60FF9EFFADFF8D6E62FF8E" masterDocTitle="Carnivora from the early Oligocene of the ‘ Phosphorites du Quercy’ in southwestern France" masterLastPageNumber="621" masterPageNumber="601" pageNumber="616" updateTime="1675702286038" updateUser="tatiana" zenodo-license-document="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC0-1.0">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Carnivora from the early Oligocene of the ‘ Phosphorites du Quercy’ in southwestern France</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Bonis, Louis de</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Palevoprim: laboratoire de Paléontologie, Évolution, Paléoécosystèmes, Paléoprimatologie, Bâtiment B 35 TSA 51106, 6 rue Michel Brunet F- 86073 Poitiers cedex 9 (France)</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">louis.debonis@univ-poitiers.fr</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Gardin, Axelle</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Palevoprim: laboratoire de Paléontologie, Évolution, Paléoécosystèmes, Paléoprimatologie, Bâtiment B 35 TSA 51106, 6 rue Michel Brunet F- 86073 Poitiers cedex 9 (France)</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">axelle.gardin@univ-poitiers.fr</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Blondel, Cécile</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Palevoprim: laboratoire de Paléontologie, Évolution, Paléoécosystèmes, Paléoprimatologie, Bâtiment B 35 TSA 51106, 6 rue Michel Brunet F- 86073 Poitiers cedex 9 (France)</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">cecile.blondel@univ-poitiers.fr</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Geodiversitas</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2019</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2019-09-10</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>41</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>15</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>601</mods:start>
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<mods:end>621</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.5252/geodiversitas2019v41a15</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">1e89d723-7f54-4d6b-85dd-6bcd573eca32</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISSN">1638-9395</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">3694209</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:9DD3CC29-3AEA-44B8-8E8F-6AD882DF5B1C</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3703556" ID-GBIF-Taxon="162367523" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3703556" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A487991A71FF8FFF51FF546FFDF9C1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A487991A71FF8FFF51FF546FFDF9C1" lastPageNumber="616" pageId="17" pageNumber="616">
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<subSubSection box="[252,655,216,243]" pageId="17" pageNumber="616" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="17.[252,655,216,276]" box="[252,655,216,243]" pageId="17" pageNumber="616">
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<heading box="[252,655,216,243]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="17" pageNumber="616" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName authority="(Filhol, 1872)" baseAuthorityName="Filhol" baseAuthorityYear="1872" box="[252,655,216,243]" class="Mammalia" family="Nimravidae" genus="Nimravus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="17" pageNumber="616" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="intermedius">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[252,495,216,243]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="616">Nimravus intermedius</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation author="FILHOL H." box="[510,647,217,243]" journalOrPublisher="Comptes rendus hebdomadaires des Seances de l'Academie des Sciences" pageId="17" pageNumber="616" pagination="92 - 94" part="75" publicationUrl="https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k30321/f94.item" refId="ref17300" refString="FILHOL H. 1872 a. - Sur les Carnassiers et les Cheiropteres dont on trouve les debris fossiles dans les gisements de phosphorites de Caylux, Fregols, Concots. Comptes rendus hebdomadaires des Seances de l'Academie des Sciences 75: 92 - 94. https: // gallica. bnf. fr / ark: / 12148 / bpt 6 k 30321 / f 94. item" title="Sur les Carnassiers et les Cheiropteres dont on trouve les debris fossiles dans les gisements de phosphorites de Caylux, Fregols, Concots" type="journal article" year="1872">Filhol, 1872</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[377,530,249,276]" pageId="17" pageNumber="616" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="17.[252,655,216,276]" box="[377,530,249,276]" pageId="17" pageNumber="616">
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(
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<figureCitation box="[386,468,249,276]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="18.[132,143,1896,1914]" captionTargetBox="[213,1357,217,1860]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[702,1254,751,1313]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIG. 5. — A-D, Dinailurictis bonali Helbing, 1922: A, right distal humerus UM VBOA3-15 in cranial (A1), and caudal (A2) views; B, piece of right proximal femur, UM VBOA3-16, cranial view; C, left distal ulna, UM VD45, cranial view; D, left lower canine, UM VD46, buccal view; E, H-J, Nimravus intermedius; E, left P4 UP LPL4, in occlusal view; H, right p4 UP LPL5, in buccal (H1), and lingual (H2) views; I, left P4, UP LPL4, in buccal view; J, right m1, UP LPL1711, in buccal (J1), lingual (J2), and occlusal (J3) views; F, Mustelictis aff. olivieri, left P4 UM VBO494, in buccal view; G, Pachycynodon cf. dubius? m2, UM VBOA3-9, in occlusal view; K, L, Eusmilus bidentatus, right upper canine, UM VD3, in lingual (K1), and buccal (K2) views; L, right P4, UM VD2, in buccal (L1), and lingual (L2) views; M, Eofelis edwardsi, right upper canine, UM VBO454, in lingual (M1), and buccal (M2) views. Scale bars: A, B, C, D, I, M, 5 mm; E, H, J, K, L, 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3694219" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3694219/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="616">Fig. 5E</figureCitation>
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, H-J)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="17" pageNumber="616" type="type_taxon">
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<paragraph blockId="17.[132,774,305,356]" pageId="17" pageNumber="616">
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<collectionCode box="[132,182,305,329]" pageId="17" pageNumber="616">TYPE</collectionCode>
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<collectionCode box="[190,285,310,327]" pageId="17" pageNumber="616">SPECIMEN</collectionCode>
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. —
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2572934964" collectionCode="MNHN" pageId="17" pageNumber="616" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus box="[333,427,306,330]" pageId="17" pageNumber="616">Holotype</typeStatus>
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by monotypy: left hemi-mandible with m1,
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<collectionCode box="[228,313,332,356]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="17" pageNumber="616">MNHN</collectionCode>
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.F.QU9551, in
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<bibRefCitation author="Filhol" box="[462,577,332,356]" firstAuthor="Filhol" pageId="17" pageNumber="616" pagination="85 - 89" refId="ref17420" refString="FILHOL H. 1873. - Sur les vertebres fossiles trouves dans les depots de phosphate de chaux du Quercy. Bulletin de la Societe philomathique de Paris, serie 6, 8 - 10: 85 - 89. https: // biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 31641365" type="journal article" year="1873">Filhol 1873</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="17" pageNumber="616" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph blockId="17.[132,775,380,431]" pageId="17" pageNumber="616">
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<collectionCode box="[132,181,380,404]" country="Australia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/93c9-w2q7" name="University of Newcastle" pageId="17" pageNumber="616">NEW</collectionCode>
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<collectionCode box="[190,284,385,402]" pageId="17" pageNumber="616">MATERIAL</collectionCode>
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. —
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<materialsCitation box="[332,533,380,404]" pageId="17" pageNumber="616">
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Right p4
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<collectionCode box="[430,463,380,403]" country="Papua New Guinea" name="University of Papua and New Guinea" pageId="17" pageNumber="616">UP</collectionCode>
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LPL5;
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</materialsCitation>
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<materialsCitation box="[541,720,380,404]" pageId="17" pageNumber="616">
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left P4
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<collectionCode box="[616,649,380,403]" country="Papua New Guinea" name="University of Papua and New Guinea" pageId="17" pageNumber="616">UP</collectionCode>
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LPL4;
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</materialsCitation>
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<materialsCitation pageId="17" pageNumber="616">
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right m1
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<collectionCode box="[171,204,407,430]" country="Papua New Guinea" name="University of Papua and New Guinea" pageId="17" pageNumber="616">UP</collectionCode>
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LPL1711.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="17" pageNumber="616" type="discussion">
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<paragraph blockId="17.[132,775,472,1169]" box="[132,232,472,498]" pageId="17" pageNumber="616">REMARKS</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="17.[132,775,472,1169]" pageId="17" pageNumber="616">
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This species is common in the old Quercy collections and constitutes the largest sample of Quercy nimravids. It is present in the three MP 22 localities, La Plante2, Mas de Got and Valbro. The number of specimens recovered from all the Quercy localities provides an overall view of the species and a good idea of the intra-specific size variation (see
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<bibRefCitation author="Peigne" firstAuthor="Peigne" pageId="17" pageNumber="616" pagination="199 - 229" refId="ref18464" refString="PEIGNE S. 2003. - Systematic review of European Nimravinae (Mammalia, Carnivora, Ninravidae) and the phylogenetic relationships of Palaeogene Nimravidae. Zoologica Scripta 32: 199 - 229. https: // doi. org / 10.1046 / j. 1463 - 6409.2003.00116. x" type="journal article" year="2003">Peigné 2003</bibRefCitation>
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). For example, in lion m1 length (data from
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<bibRefCitation author="Turner" firstAuthor="Turner" pageId="17" pageNumber="616" pagination="1 - 8" refId="ref19306" refString="TURNER A. 1984. - Dental sex dimorphism in European Lions (Panthera leo L.) of the Upper Pleistocene: palaeoecological and palaeoethological implications. Annales Zoologici Fennici 21: 1 - 8. https: // www. jstor. org / stable / 23734092" type="journal article" year="1984">Turner 1984</bibRefCitation>
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) the extreme values are 25.2 and
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<quantity box="[552,652,728,754]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.08" pageId="17" pageNumber="616" unit="mm" value="30.8">30.8 mm</quantity>
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for a mean of 28.1, the index (difference divided by mean) × 100 = 19.9. In
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<emphasis box="[163,295,791,817]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="616">N. brachyops</emphasis>
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the indices are 19.9 for P4 and 23.8 for m1. In
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Filhol" baseAuthorityYear="1872" box="[163,320,823,849]" class="Mammalia" family="Nimravidae" genus="Nimravus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="17" pageNumber="616" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="intermedius">
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<emphasis box="[163,320,823,849]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="616">N. intermedius</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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the indices are 32.7 (P4) and 50.35 (m1), both higher than in
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<emphasis box="[346,478,855,881]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="616">N. brachyops</emphasis>
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. A major part of the sample of
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Filhol" baseAuthorityYear="1872" box="[163,321,887,913]" class="Mammalia" family="Nimravidae" genus="Nimravus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="17" pageNumber="616" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="intermedius">
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<emphasis box="[163,321,887,913]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="616">N. intermedius</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is recorded in the old Quercy collections without any biostratigraphic data and extends over several million years. One explanation may be a progressive change in the size during this time, with the oldest specimens being smaller than the more recent ones. An increase in size of the p4 was also noted (
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<bibRefCitation author="Peigne" box="[348,595,1046,1073]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Peigne" page="28" pageId="17" pageNumber="616" pagination="1 - 45" refId="ref18618" refString="PEIGNE S., VIANEY- LIAUD M., PELISSIE T. & SIGE B. 2014. -- Valbro: un nouveau site a vertebres de l'Oligocene inferieur (MP 22) de France (Quercy). I - Contexte geologique; Mammalia: Rodentia, Hyaenodontida, Carnivora. Annales de Paleontologie 100: 1 - 45. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. annpal. 2013.11.002" type="journal article" year="2014">
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Peigné
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<emphasis box="[428,482,1046,1072]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="616">et al.</emphasis>
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2014: 28
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</bibRefCitation>
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). Perhaps future researches will confirm the increase in size in
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Filhol" baseAuthorityYear="1872" box="[612,768,1078,1104]" class="Mammalia" family="Nimravidae" genus="Nimravus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="17" pageNumber="616" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="intermedius">
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<emphasis box="[612,768,1078,1104]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="616">N. intermedius</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, although in North America a larger range of time did not show a similar increase in
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<emphasis box="[413,554,1142,1168]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="616">N. brachyops.</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="17" pageNumber="616" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="17.[132,776,1205,1615]" box="[132,277,1205,1231]" pageId="17" pageNumber="616">DESCRIPTION</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="17.[132,776,1205,1615]" pageId="17" pageNumber="616">
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The p4 LPL5 is relatively small and low (L =11.7, w =
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<quantity box="[683,767,1238,1264]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2" pageId="17" pageNumber="616" unit="mm" value="4.2">4.2 mm</quantity>
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) when compared to other specimens of
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Filhol" baseAuthorityYear="1872" box="[540,695,1269,1295]" class="Mammalia" family="Nimravidae" genus="Nimravus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="17" pageNumber="616" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="intermedius">
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<emphasis box="[540,695,1269,1295]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="616">N. intermedius</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(range: L = 10.9-19.4, w =
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<quantity box="[342,485,1301,1328]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.185" metricValueMax="1.92" metricValueMin="0.45" pageId="17" pageNumber="616" unit="mm" value="11.85" valueMax="19.2" valueMin="4.5">4.5-19.2 mm</quantity>
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in
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<bibRefCitation author="Peigne" box="[521,654,1301,1328]" firstAuthor="Peigne" pageId="17" pageNumber="616" pagination="199 - 229" refId="ref18464" refString="PEIGNE S. 2003. - Systematic review of European Nimravinae (Mammalia, Carnivora, Ninravidae) and the phylogenetic relationships of Palaeogene Nimravidae. Zoologica Scripta 32: 199 - 229. https: // doi. org / 10.1046 / j. 1463 - 6409.2003.00116. x" type="journal article" year="2003">Peigné 2003</bibRefCitation>
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). The pacd is larger than the aacd and the buccal base is underlined by a clear cingulid (
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<figureCitation box="[309,398,1365,1392]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="18.[132,143,1896,1914]" captionTargetBox="[213,1357,217,1860]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[702,1254,751,1313]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIG. 5. — A-D, Dinailurictis bonali Helbing, 1922: A, right distal humerus UM VBOA3-15 in cranial (A1), and caudal (A2) views; B, piece of right proximal femur, UM VBOA3-16, cranial view; C, left distal ulna, UM VD45, cranial view; D, left lower canine, UM VD46, buccal view; E, H-J, Nimravus intermedius; E, left P4 UP LPL4, in occlusal view; H, right p4 UP LPL5, in buccal (H1), and lingual (H2) views; I, left P4, UP LPL4, in buccal view; J, right m1, UP LPL1711, in buccal (J1), lingual (J2), and occlusal (J3) views; F, Mustelictis aff. olivieri, left P4 UM VBO494, in buccal view; G, Pachycynodon cf. dubius? m2, UM VBOA3-9, in occlusal view; K, L, Eusmilus bidentatus, right upper canine, UM VD3, in lingual (K1), and buccal (K2) views; L, right P4, UM VD2, in buccal (L1), and lingual (L2) views; M, Eofelis edwardsi, right upper canine, UM VBO454, in lingual (M1), and buccal (M2) views. Scale bars: A, B, C, D, I, M, 5 mm; E, H, J, K, L, 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3694219" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3694219/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="616">Fig. 5H</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation box="[397,408,1365,1391]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="6.[132,143,1964,1982]" captionTargetBox="[212,1402,209,1931]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[755,1301,780,1349]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIG. 1. — A, Amphicynodon sp. 1: left hemi-mandible UP VAL2, in buccal (A1), lingual (A2), and occlusal (A3) views; B, Amphicynodon typicus: left mandible UP VAL1, in buccal (B1), lingual (B2), and occlusal (B3) views; C, Amphicynodon sp. 3: right M1, UM VD49, in occlusal view; D, Amphicynodon sp. 2: right M1, UM VBO492, in occlusal view. Scale bars: A, B, 10 mm; C, D, 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3694211" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3694211/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="616">1</figureCitation>
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, H
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<figureCitation box="[444,460,1365,1391]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[132,143,1919,1937]" captionTargetBox="[203,1385,217,1847]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[747,1305,758,1327]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 2. — A, Pachycynodon boriei or curvirostris (Filhol, 1876): A1-A3, UP LPL13, right m1, in buccal (A1), lingual (A2), and occlusal (A3) views; A4, A5, d3-d4, in buccal (A4), and lingual (A5) views; B, C, Pachycynodon sp. 1; B, UP MGB9, left d4, in buccal (B1), lingual (B2), and occlusal (B3) views (stereo); C, UM VD16, right d4, in buccal (C1), lingual (C2) view, and occlusal (C3) views; D, Pachycynodon sp. 2, UM VD18, right d4; D1, lingual view, occlusal (D2), and buccal (D3) views; E, Pachycynodon cf. filholi, UM VD7, left hemi-mandible, in buccal (E1), lingual (E2), and occlusal (E3) views; F, Pachycynodon sp. 3, UM VD48 M1, in occlusal view; G, Pachycynodon sp. 4, UM VD50 M1, in occlusal view. Scale bars: 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3694213" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3694213/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="616">2</figureCitation>
|
||
). The relatively small size of a lower Oligocene tooth could confirm the probable increase of size at younger localities. The P4 (UP LPL4) with L =
|
||
<quantity box="[132,239,1461,1487]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.88" pageId="17" pageNumber="616" unit="mm" value="18.8">18.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
, w = 9.85, Lmts = 7, wmst = 4.7, is within the range of the smaller P4 of
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Filhol" baseAuthorityYear="1872" box="[428,586,1493,1519]" class="Mammalia" family="Nimravidae" genus="Nimravus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="17" pageNumber="616" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="intermedius">
|
||
<emphasis box="[428,586,1493,1519]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="616">N. intermedius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation box="[604,711,1493,1520]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="18.[132,143,1896,1914]" captionTargetBox="[213,1357,217,1860]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[702,1254,751,1313]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIG. 5. — A-D, Dinailurictis bonali Helbing, 1922: A, right distal humerus UM VBOA3-15 in cranial (A1), and caudal (A2) views; B, piece of right proximal femur, UM VBOA3-16, cranial view; C, left distal ulna, UM VD45, cranial view; D, left lower canine, UM VD46, buccal view; E, H-J, Nimravus intermedius; E, left P4 UP LPL4, in occlusal view; H, right p4 UP LPL5, in buccal (H1), and lingual (H2) views; I, left P4, UP LPL4, in buccal view; J, right m1, UP LPL1711, in buccal (J1), lingual (J2), and occlusal (J3) views; F, Mustelictis aff. olivieri, left P4 UM VBO494, in buccal view; G, Pachycynodon cf. dubius? m2, UM VBOA3-9, in occlusal view; K, L, Eusmilus bidentatus, right upper canine, UM VD3, in lingual (K1), and buccal (K2) views; L, right P4, UM VD2, in buccal (L1), and lingual (L2) views; M, Eofelis edwardsi, right upper canine, UM VBO454, in lingual (M1), and buccal (M2) views. Scale bars: A, B, C, D, I, M, 5 mm; E, H, J, K, L, 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3694219" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3694219/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="616">Fig. 5E, I</figureCitation>
|
||
). The lower carnassial (UP LPL1711), with a length of
|
||
<quantity box="[673,775,1524,1551]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5699999999999998" pageId="17" pageNumber="616" unit="mm" value="15.7">15.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation box="[141,218,1556,1583]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="18.[132,143,1896,1914]" captionTargetBox="[213,1357,217,1860]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[702,1254,751,1313]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIG. 5. — A-D, Dinailurictis bonali Helbing, 1922: A, right distal humerus UM VBOA3-15 in cranial (A1), and caudal (A2) views; B, piece of right proximal femur, UM VBOA3-16, cranial view; C, left distal ulna, UM VD45, cranial view; D, left lower canine, UM VD46, buccal view; E, H-J, Nimravus intermedius; E, left P4 UP LPL4, in occlusal view; H, right p4 UP LPL5, in buccal (H1), and lingual (H2) views; I, left P4, UP LPL4, in buccal view; J, right m1, UP LPL1711, in buccal (J1), lingual (J2), and occlusal (J3) views; F, Mustelictis aff. olivieri, left P4 UM VBO494, in buccal view; G, Pachycynodon cf. dubius? m2, UM VBOA3-9, in occlusal view; K, L, Eusmilus bidentatus, right upper canine, UM VD3, in lingual (K1), and buccal (K2) views; L, right P4, UM VD2, in buccal (L1), and lingual (L2) views; M, Eofelis edwardsi, right upper canine, UM VBO454, in lingual (M1), and buccal (M2) views. Scale bars: A, B, C, D, I, M, 5 mm; E, H, J, K, L, 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3694219" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3694219/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="616">Fig. 5J</figureCitation>
|
||
<figureCitation box="[218,250,1557,1583]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="6.[132,143,1964,1982]" captionTargetBox="[212,1402,209,1931]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[755,1301,780,1349]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIG. 1. — A, Amphicynodon sp. 1: left hemi-mandible UP VAL2, in buccal (A1), lingual (A2), and occlusal (A3) views; B, Amphicynodon typicus: left mandible UP VAL1, in buccal (B1), lingual (B2), and occlusal (B3) views; C, Amphicynodon sp. 3: right M1, UM VD49, in occlusal view; D, Amphicynodon sp. 2: right M1, UM VBO492, in occlusal view. Scale bars: A, B, 10 mm; C, D, 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3694211" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3694211/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="616">1-J</figureCitation>
|
||
<figureCitation box="[250,264,1557,1583]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="10.[132,143,1919,1937]" captionTargetBox="[190,1388,179,1887]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[747,1305,762,1331]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIG. 3. — A, Pachycynodon sp. 3, left M1-M2, UM VD47, in occlusal view; B, Pachycynodon cf. filholi, UM VD5, left hemi-mandible, in buccal (B1), lingual (B2), and occlusal (B3) views; C-E, Pachycynodon cf. dubius; C, left hemi-mandible UM VD14, in buccal (C1), lingual (C2), and occlusal (C3) views; D, right hemimandible UM VD4, in lingual (D1) and buccal (D2) views; E, right hemimandible VD6, in buccal (E1), and occlusal (E2) views; F, Cephalogale sp., left mandible UP MGB26, in lingual (F1), and buccal (F2) views; G, Pachycynodon sp. 5, left P4 UP VD51, in occlusal (G1), and mesial (G2) views; H, Pachycynodon cf. filholi, right m2, UP LPL14, in occlusal view. Scale bars: 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3694215" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3694215/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="616">3</figureCitation>
|
||
), is slightly smaller than the smallest m1 (L =
|
||
<quantity box="[132,212,1588,1615]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="17" pageNumber="616" unit="mm" value="16.0">16 mm</quantity>
|
||
) in
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Peigne" box="[256,410,1588,1615]" firstAuthor="Peigne" pageId="17" pageNumber="616" pagination="199 - 229" refId="ref18464" refString="PEIGNE S. 2003. - Systematic review of European Nimravinae (Mammalia, Carnivora, Ninravidae) and the phylogenetic relationships of Palaeogene Nimravidae. Zoologica Scripta 32: 199 - 229. https: // doi. org / 10.1046 / j. 1463 - 6409.2003.00116. x" type="journal article" year="2003">Peigné (2003)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |