treatments-xml/data/03/99/C7/0399C75EFF844968FF41FF35A79FFBB5.xml

<document ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.585.1.6" ID-GBIF-Dataset="bf6798a7-97c6-4bd9-aa81-68e21aa9c565" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7672973" checkinTime="1677225158342" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Tagane, Shuichiro, Souladeth, Phetlasy &amp; Tamura, Minoru N." docDate="2023" docId="0399C75EFF844968FF41FF35A79FFBB5" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.585..1.6.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 585 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.585.1.6" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.4:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Smilax bolavenensis Tagane &amp; Soulad. 2023, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="58" masterDocId="FFA0BF26FF85496BFFC9FFC1A50AFF89" masterDocTitle="Smilax bolavenensis, a new species of Smilacaceae from southern Laos" masterLastPageNumber="60" masterPageNumber="55" pageNumber="56" updateTime="1677225827060" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Smilax bolavenensis, a new species of Smilacaceae from southern Laos</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Tagane, Shuichiro</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">0000-0002-1974-7329</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Kagoshima University Museum, Kagoshima University, 1 - 21 - 30, Korimoto, Kagoshima 890 - 0065, Japan &amp; stagane 29 @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 1974 - 7329</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">stagane29@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Souladeth, Phetlasy</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">0000-0001-8563-1773</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Faculty of Forest Science, National University of Laos, Dongdok Campus, Xaythany District, Vientiane Capital, Laos &amp; p. souladeth @ nuol. edu. la; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 8563 - 1773</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">p.souladeth@nuol.edu.la</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Tamura, Minoru N.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">0000-0002-5774-3353</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Botany, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606 - 8502, Japan &amp; mntamura @ sys. bot. kyoto-u. ac. jp; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 5774 - 3353</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">mntamura@sys.bot.kyoto-u.ac.jp</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part>
<mods:date>2023</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2023-02-23</mods:number>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>585</mods:number>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
<mods:number>1</mods:number>
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<mods:start>55</mods:start>
<mods:end>60</mods:end>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.585.1.6</mods:url>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.11646/phytotaxa.585.1.6</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISSN">1179-3163</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7672966" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7672966" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0399C75EFF844968FF41FF35A79FFBB5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0399C75EFF844968FF41FF35A79FFBB5" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="58" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">
<subSubSection box="[136,803,244,271]" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph blockId="1.[136,803,244,271]" box="[136,803,244,271]" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">
<heading box="[136,803,244,271]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" reason="3">
<taxonomicName authority="Tagane &amp; Soulad." authorityName="Tagane &amp; Soulad." authorityYear="2023" box="[136,583,244,271]" class="Liliopsida" family="Smilacaceae" genus="Smilax" kingdom="Plantae" order="Liliales" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bolavenensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,372,244,271]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">Smilax bolavenensis</emphasis>
Tagane &amp; Soulad.
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[594,680,245,271]" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" rank="species">
<emphasis box="[594,673,245,270]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">sp. nov</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicNameLabel>
(
<figureCitation box="[695,766,244,270]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[136,229,2049,2071]" captionTargetBox="[282,1303,563,2015]" captionTargetId="figure-116@1.[272,1316,547,2025]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Smilax bolavenensis (holotype, Souladeth et al. L3342, FOF0006673)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7672975" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7672975/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">Figs 1</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation box="[780,795,244,270]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[136,229,1575,1597]" captionTargetBox="[283,1303,190,1551]" captionTargetId="figure-27@2.[283,1303,190,1551]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Smilax bolavenensis. A. Leafy branch. B. Branch with staminate inflorescence. C. Abaxial leaf surface. D., E. Staminate inflorescence. F. Longitudinal section of a staminate umbel. G. Bracteole. H. Staminate flower bud with bracteoles (left), staminate flower bud (middle), and staminate flower bud outer three tepals and one inner tepal removed showing stamens (right). I. Outer tepals (top) and inner tepals (bottom), adaxial side (left), abaxial side (middle and right). A–C from Tagane et al. L1964 (KAG); D–G from Souladeth et al. L3342 (KAG). Scale bars: F = 5 mm, G–I= 2 mm. Photographed by S. Tagane." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7672977" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7672977/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">2</figureCitation>
)
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="58" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph blockId="1.[136,1452,320,522]" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2019-12-17" collectionCode="TYPE" collectorName="Souladeth" country="Laos" county="Paksong District" elevation="1249" latitude="15.079036" location="Dong Hua Sao National Park" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="106.207596" municipality="Nong Luang Village" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Champasak">
<collectionCode box="[136,200,320,341]" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">TYPE</collectionCode>
: 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[203,227,320,341]" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">—</emphasis>
<collectingCountry box="[227,293,320,341]" name="Laos" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">LAOS</collectingCountry>
. 
<collectingRegion box="[304,514,320,342]" country="Laos" name="Champasak" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">Champasak Province</collectingRegion>
: 
<collectingCounty box="[526,691,320,342]" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">Paksong District</collectingCounty>
, near 
<collectingMunicipality box="[753,957,320,342]" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">Nong Luang Village</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0399C75EFF844968FF41FF35A79FFBB5:8EEF2093FF84496AFC00FE81A1E7FEDF" box="[969,1261,320,342]" country="Laos" county="Paksong District" latitude="15.079036" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="106.207596" municipality="Nong Luang Village" name="Dong Hua Sao National Park" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" stateProvince="Champasak">Dong Hua Sao National Park</location>
(
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0399C75EFF844968FF41FF35A79FFBB5:8EEF2093FF84496AFB35FE81A0A8FEDF" box="[1276,1442,320,342]" country="Laos" county="Paksong District" latitude="15.079036" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="106.207596" municipality="Nong Luang Village" name="Bolaven Plateau" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" stateProvince="Champasak">Bolaven Plateau</location>
), 
<geoCoordinate box="[189,335,354,377]" degrees="15" direction="north" minutes="04" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" precision="1" seconds="44.53" value="15.079036">15°04′44.53″N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate box="[346,502,354,377]" degrees="106" direction="east" minutes="12" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" precision="1" seconds="27.36" value="106.207596">106°12′27.36″E</geoCoordinate>
, 
<elevation box="[511,636,356,378]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.249" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" unit="m" value="1249.0">
<quantity box="[511,584,356,377]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.249" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" unit="m" value="1249.0">1249 m</quantity>
a.s.l.
</elevation>
, 
<date box="[647,772,356,377]" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" value="2019-12-17">
<collectingDate box="[647,772,356,377]" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" value="2019-12-17">17 Dec 2019</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<emphasis box="[782,930,356,377]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">
<collectorName box="[782,878,356,377]" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">Souladeth</collectorName>
et al
</emphasis>
</materialsCitation>
<emphasis box="[929,933,356,377]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation box="[938,1106,356,378]" collectionCode="L" country="Laos" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" specimenCode="L3342" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis box="[938,999,356,377]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">
<specimenCode box="[938,999,356,377]" collectionCode="L" country="Netherlands" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15678" name="Nationaal Herbarium Nederland, Leiden University branch" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" type="Herbarium">L3342</specimenCode>
</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus box="[1013,1102,356,378]" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">holotype</typeStatus>
:
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation box="[1111,1337,356,378]" collectionCode="FOF" country="Laos" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" specimenCode="FOF 0006673" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<specimenCode box="[1111,1248,356,378]" collectionCode="FOF" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">FOF 0006673</specimenCode>
; isotypes
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation collectionCode="BKF" country="Laos" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" specimenCode="KAG 155707" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectionCode box="[1342,1389,356,377]" country="Thailand" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/d4ij-e7pz" name="National Park, Wildlife and Plant Conservation Department" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" type="Herbarium">BKF</collectionCode>
, 
<specimenCode collectionCode="KAG" country="Japan" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15116" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15116" name="Kagoshima University Museum - Herbarium" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" type="Herbarium">KAG 155707</specimenCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="1.[136,1452,320,522]" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">
<taxonomicName box="[136,331,428,449]" class="Liliopsida" family="Smilacaceae" genus="Smilax" kingdom="Plantae" order="Liliales" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bolavenensis">
<emphasis box="[136,331,428,449]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">Smilax bolavenensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is similar to 
<taxonomicName authority="Gagnepain (1934 b: 619)" authorityName="Gagnepain" authorityPageNumber="619" authorityYear="1934" box="[453,847,428,450]" class="Liliopsida" family="Smilacaceae" genus="Smilax" kingdom="Plantae" order="Liliales" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="elegantissima">
<emphasis box="[453,608,428,449]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">S. elegantissima</emphasis>
Gagnepain (1934b: 619)
</taxonomicName>
from 
<collectingCountry box="[903,984,428,450]" name="Vietnam" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
in having an elongate inflorescence with slightly zigzag rachis longer than 
<quantity box="[447,512,464,485]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" unit="cm" value="20.0">20 cm</quantity>
, but clearly distinguished from it by its terete stem and petiole (vs. 4-angled with each corner narrowly winged) and 42–54-flowered umbels (vs. 7–12).
</paragraph>
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7672975" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7672975" box="[136,937,2049,2071]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7672975/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" startId="1.[136,229,2049,2071]" targetBox="[282,1303,563,2015]" targetPageId="1">
<paragraph blockId="1.[136,937,2049,2071]" box="[136,937,2049,2071]" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,247,2049,2071]" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">FIGURE 1</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName box="[259,455,2049,2070]" class="Liliopsida" family="Smilacaceae" genus="Smilax" kingdom="Plantae" order="Liliales" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bolavenensis">
<emphasis box="[259,455,2049,2070]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">Smilax bolavenensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(holotype, 
<emphasis box="[565,782,2049,2071]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">Souladeth et al. L3342</emphasis>
, FOF0006673).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7672977" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7672977" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7672977/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" startId="2.[136,229,1575,1597]" targetBox="[283,1303,190,1551]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph blockId="2.[136,1452,1575,1741]" pageId="2" pageNumber="57">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,256,1575,1597]" pageId="2" pageNumber="57">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName box="[264,461,1575,1596]" class="Liliopsida" family="Smilacaceae" genus="Smilax" kingdom="Plantae" order="Liliales" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bolavenensis">
<emphasis box="[264,461,1575,1596]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="57">Smilax bolavenensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. A. Leafy branch. B. Branch with staminate inflorescence. C. Abaxial leaf surface. D., E. Staminate inflorescence. F. Longitudinal section of a staminate umbel. G. Bracteole. H. Staminate flower bud with bracteoles (left), staminate flower bud (middle), and staminate flower bud outer three tepals and one inner tepal removed showing stamens (right). I. Outer tepals (top) and inner tepals (bottom), adaxial side (left), abaxial side (middle and right). A–C from 
<emphasis box="[945,1137,1683,1705]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="57">Tagane et al. L1964</emphasis>
(KAG); D–G from 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="57">Souladeth et al. L3342</emphasis>
(KAG). Scale bars: F = 5 mm, G–I= 2 mm. Photographed by S. Tagane.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph blockId="2.[136,1452,1787,2066]" lastBlockId="3.[136,1452,158,1085]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="58" pageId="2" pageNumber="57">
Climbers to 
<quantity box="[273,316,1788,1814]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" unit="m" value="4.0">4 m</quantity>
tall, all parts glabrous. Stems and branches subterete, without prickles and wings. Petioles 
<quantity box="[1327,1451,1787,1814]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="4.5" metricValueMin="3.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" unit="cm" value="4.0" valueMax="4.5" valueMin="3.5">3.5–4.5 cm</quantity>
long, subterete; sheaths 1.2–1.7 × 
<quantity box="[523,632,1824,1850]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" unit="cm" value="0.85" valueMax="1.0" valueMin="0.7">0.7–1 cm</quantity>
. Tendrils up to 10.0 cm long, 1.0– 
<quantity box="[1021,1097,1823,1850]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" unit="cm" value="1.5">1.5 cm</quantity>
above from the base of sheath. Lamina ovate-oblong to narrowly ovate, (11.0–)15.2–22.4 × (3.5–) 
<quantity box="[915,1063,1859,1886]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.7" metricValueMax="13.6" metricValueMin="5.8" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" unit="cm" value="9.7" valueMax="13.6" valueMin="5.8">5.8–13.6 cm</quantity>
, shiny brownish red to brownish yellowish on both surfaces when dry or paler and glaucous abaxially, apex acuminate, acumen up to 
<quantity box="[1256,1332,1895,1922]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" unit="cm" value="0.6">0.6 cm</quantity>
long, base cordate, 5-veined, major veins diverging at base of lamina, prominent abaxially, (0.9–) 
<quantity box="[1114,1240,1931,1958]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.7" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" unit="cm" value="2.1" valueMax="2.5" valueMin="1.7">1.7–2.5 cm</quantity>
interval (at widest point of lamina), connected with reticulate veinlets. Staminate inflorescence composed of spicately disposed umbels, to 
<quantity box="[168,241,2004,2030]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" unit="cm" value="33.0">33 cm</quantity>
long, 2–4-branched, rachis slightly zigzagged, not winged; umbels sessile, 22 per inflorescence, 42–54- flowered, prophylls ovate-lanceolate, 3.0–4.5 × 1.0– 
<quantity box="[720,807,2040,2066]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" unit="mm" value="1.2">1.2 mm</quantity>
, apex acuminate; receptacle of an umbel globose, 
<quantity box="[1366,1452,2040,2066]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" unit="mm" value="2.8">2.8 mm</quantity>
in diam.; bracteoles 4–5, ovate-triangular to oblong-obovate, 1.6–2.5 × 
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, apex acute. Staminate flower (before anthesis), tepals 6, free from base, outer ones ovate-oblong, 2.5–2.9 × 
<quantity box="[1006,1143,194,221]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" unit="mm" value="1.4" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="1.3">1.3–1.5 mm</quantity>
, inner ones narrowly ovate, 2.0–2.2 × 0.9–1.0 mm long, apex acute, stamens 6, filaments sessile, anthers oblong, 
<quantity box="[1107,1194,230,257]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" unit="mm" value="1.3">1.3 mm</quantity>
long; pedicels 
<quantity metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" unit="mm" value="0.5" valueMax="0.7" valueMin="0.3">0.3–0.7 mm</quantity>
long. Pistillate inflorescence, fruits and seeds not seen.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="58" type="distribution">
<paragraph blockId="3.[136,1452,158,1085]" box="[189,907,302,328]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,373,302,328]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">Distribution:—</emphasis>
Thus far known only from the Bolaven Plateau.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="3.[136,1452,158,1085]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,318,338,364]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">Habitat:—</emphasis>
Montane forests, 
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a.s.l., dominated by 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Dumortier" authorityYear="1829" box="[908,1015,339,365]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Fagaceae</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName box="[1027,1142,339,365]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Laurales" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Lauraceae</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName box="[1198,1319,339,365]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Myrtaceae</taxonomicName>
, along with some subcanopy trees such as 
<emphasis box="[488,762,374,400]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">Taberaemontana bovina</emphasis>
(
<taxonomicName box="[778,935,374,400]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Apocynaceae</taxonomicName>
), 
<taxonomicName box="[956,1197,375,401]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Aporosa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="yunnanensis">
<emphasis box="[956,1197,375,401]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">Aporosa yunnanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName authorityName="Martinov" authorityYear="1820" box="[1214,1390,374,400]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Phyllanthaceae</taxonomicName>
), and 
<taxonomicName box="[136,391,410,436]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Theaceae" genus="Camellia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bolavenensis">
<emphasis box="[136,391,410,436]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">Camellia bolavenensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName box="[405,518,410,436]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Theaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Theaceae</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="3.[136,1452,158,1085]" box="[189,1081,446,472]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,351,446,472]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">Phenology:—</emphasis>
Staminate inflorescence with flower buds collected in December.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="58" type="etymology">
<paragraph blockId="3.[136,1452,158,1085]" box="[189,882,482,509]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,356,482,508]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">Etymology:—</emphasis>
Referring to the 
<typeStatus box="[540,588,483,509]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">type</typeStatus>
locality, Bolaven Plateau.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="3.[136,1452,158,1085]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,435,518,544]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">Vernacular name:—</emphasis>
<emphasis box="[435,713,518,544]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">Kheau kheaung Bolaven</emphasis>
(; 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[988,1035,518,544]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">Lao</emphasis>
), suggested here. 
<emphasis box="[1244,1421,518,544]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">Kheau kheaung</emphasis>
in Lao refers to a common name for 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Linnaeus (1753:" authorityYear="1028" box="[518,594,554,580]" class="Liliopsida" family="Smilacaceae" genus="Smilax" kingdom="Plantae" order="Liliales" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[518,594,554,580]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">Smilax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="3.[136,1452,158,1085]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,669,590,616]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">Preliminary conservation assessment:—</emphasis>
Critically endangered (CR). During our five intensive field surveys in Bolaven Plateau 2018–2020, we found only one population with a few individuals in lower montane forest on the top of a plateau where we collected the above 
<specimenCount box="[626,797,662,689]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" type="generic">two specimens</specimenCount>
. Therefore, the most appropriate initial assessment of the IUCN conservation status for this species is critically endangered (CR) under criteria D (IUCN 2012). In the Bolaven Plateau, the forests at higher elevation have been decreasing due to dam construction and coffee plantations, which may produce negative effects for 
<taxonomicName box="[517,691,770,797]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Theaceae" genus="Camellia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bolavenensis">
<emphasis box="[517,691,770,797]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">S. bolavenensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Further information on its distribution and number of individuals/ populations is needed to accurately assess its status and conserve this species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="3.[136,1452,158,1085]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,255,842,868]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">Note:</emphasis>
—Among the 
<taxonomicName box="[422,590,842,868]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">
<emphasis box="[422,498,842,868]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">Smilax</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
in 
<collectingCountry box="[633,690,843,869]" name="Laos" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">Laos</collectingCountry>
, 
<taxonomicName box="[705,881,842,869]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Theaceae" genus="Camellia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bolavenensis">
<emphasis box="[705,881,842,869]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">S. bolavenensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
resembles 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Roxburgh" authorityYear="1832" box="[1014,1120,842,869]" class="Liliopsida" family="Smilacaceae" genus="Smilax" kingdom="Plantae" order="Liliales" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glabra">
<emphasis box="[1014,1120,842,869]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">S. glabra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in leaf texture and venation patterns, and both species occur in Bolaven Plateau (specimens of 
<taxonomicName authority=": Souladeth et al." authorityName="Souladeth" box="[908,1211,878,905]" class="Liliopsida" family="Smilacaceae" genus="Smilax" kingdom="Plantae" order="Liliales" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glabra">
<emphasis box="[908,1014,878,905]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">S. glabra</emphasis>
: 
<emphasis box="[1031,1211,878,904]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">Souladeth et al.</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis box="[1220,1292,878,904]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">L3754</emphasis>
, FOF, KAG). However, 
<taxonomicName box="[253,428,914,941]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Theaceae" genus="Camellia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bolavenensis">
<emphasis box="[253,428,914,941]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">S. bolavenensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is easily distinguishable from 
<taxonomicName box="[779,884,914,941]" class="Liliopsida" family="Smilacaceae" genus="Smilax" kingdom="Plantae" order="Liliales" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glabra">
<emphasis box="[779,884,914,941]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">S. glabra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by its long-spicately disposed sessile umbels (vs. only 1 umbel axillary in 
<taxonomicName box="[412,515,950,977]" class="Liliopsida" family="Smilacaceae" genus="Smilax" kingdom="Plantae" order="Liliales" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glabra">
<emphasis box="[412,515,950,977]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">S. glabra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and its cordate leaf base (vs. cuneate to rounded).
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="3.[136,1452,158,1085]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,600,986,1012]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">Additional specimen examined:—</emphasis>
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2018-12-10" collectionCode="L" country="Laos" county="Paksong District" elevation="1248" latitude="15.072017" location="Dong Hua Sao National Park" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="106.21074" municipality="Nong Luang Village" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" specimenCode="L1964" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Champasak">
<collectingCountry box="[600,677,986,1012]" name="Laos" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">LAOS</collectingCountry>
. 
<collectingRegion box="[689,934,986,1012]" country="Laos" name="Champasak" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">Champasak Province</collectingRegion>
: 
<collectingCounty box="[947,1139,986,1012]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">Paksong District</collectingCounty>
, near 
<collectingMunicipality box="[1211,1448,986,1013]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">Nong Luang Village</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0399C75EFF844968FF41FF35A79FFBB5:8EEF2093FF864968FF41FC3EA4C7FB91" box="[136,461,1022,1049]" country="Laos" county="Paksong District" latitude="15.072017" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="106.21074" municipality="Nong Luang Village" name="Dong Hua Sao National Park" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" stateProvince="Champasak">Dong Hua Sao National Park</location>
(Bolaven Plateau), 
<geoCoordinate box="[683,854,1024,1051]" degrees="15" direction="north" minutes="04" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" precision="1" seconds="19.26" value="15.072017">15°04′19.26″N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate box="[864,1046,1024,1051]" degrees="106" direction="east" minutes="12" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" precision="1" seconds="38.67" value="106.21074">106°12′38.67″E</geoCoordinate>
, 
<elevation box="[1057,1202,1022,1049]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.248" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" unit="m" value="1248.0">
<quantity box="[1057,1142,1022,1049]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.248" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" unit="m" value="1248.0">1248 m</quantity>
a.s.l.
</elevation>
, 
<date box="[1214,1359,1022,1049]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" value="2018-12-10">
<collectingDate box="[1214,1359,1022,1049]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" value="2018-12-10">10 Dec 2018</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">
Tagane et al. 
<specimenCode box="[199,270,1058,1084]" collectionCode="L" country="Netherlands" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15678" name="Nationaal Herbarium Nederland, Leiden University branch" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" type="Herbarium">L1964</specimenCode>
</emphasis>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation box="[278,654,1058,1085]" collectionCode="FU" country="Laos" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" specimenCode="FOF 005293, KAG 128065" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Champasak Province">
(
<specimenCode box="[285,432,1058,1085]" collectionCode="FOF" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">FOF 005293</specimenCode>
, 
<collectionCode box="[443,482,1059,1085]" country="China" name="Fudan University, Department of Biology" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">FU</collectionCode>
, 
<specimenCode box="[493,647,1058,1085]" collectionCode="KAG" country="Japan" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15116" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15116" name="Kagoshima University Museum - Herbarium" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" type="Herbarium">KAG 128065</specimenCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>