240 lines
28 KiB
XML
240 lines
28 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="BDBB678E2E2B0D3F67740C54219D3FAB">Revision of the Bivalvia from the Upper Jurassic Reuchenette Formation, Northwest Switzerland — Ostreoidea</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="20CEFB1436A2588D9260BD5E362E13BB">Koppka, Jens</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="039087D7C0294611FF68FAB7FB023017" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6102714" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127377109" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6102714" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039087D7C0294611FF68FAB7FB023017" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039087D7C0294611FF68FAB7FB023017" lastPageId="49" lastPageNumber="50" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
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<subSubSection id="C323654AC0294610FF68FAB7FDD3368D" box="[151,544,1396,1422]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B8636C1C0294610FF68FAB7FDD3368D" blockId="48.[151,544,1396,1422]" box="[151,544,1396,1422]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
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<heading id="D0CE81ADC0294610FF68FAB7FDD3368D" bold="true" box="[151,544,1396,1422]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C0294610FF68FAB7FDD3368D" bold="true" box="[151,544,1396,1422]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C0294610FF11FAB7FDD3368D" authority="Bayle, 1878" authorityName="Bayle" authorityYear="1878" box="[238,544,1396,1422]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Actinostreon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C0294610FF11FAB7FE7A368D" bold="true" box="[238,393,1396,1422]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Actinostreon</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B30C0294610FE6FFAB7FDD3368D" author="Bayle" box="[400,544,1396,1422]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" refString="Bayle, E. (1878) Explication de la carte geologique de la France, Atlas, Fossiles principaux des terrains. Tome 2. Imprimerie Nationale, Paris, 57 pls. [pls. 100 - 156]" type="journal article" year="1878">Bayle, 1878</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C323654AC0294610FF68FA79FC003518" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C0294610FF68FA79FC003518" blockId="48.[151,1436,1466,2031]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
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||
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C0294610FF68FA79FEC136D0" bold="true" box="[151,306,1466,1491]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
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||
<typeStatus id="54828863C0294610FF68FA79FF2136D0" box="[151,210,1466,1491]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Type</typeStatus>
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species.
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</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C0294610FEC7FA78FE1A36D0" box="[312,489,1466,1491]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Ostrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="solitaria">
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<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C0294610FEC7FA78FE1A36D0" box="[312,489,1466,1491]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Ostrea solitaria</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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J. de C. Sowerby, 1824 (p. 105, pl. 468, fig. 1); subsequent designation by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B30C0294610FACCFA79FF2136F4" author="Douville" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" refString="Douville, H. (1879) M. Douville presente a la Societe, de la part de M. Bayle, l'atlas du le volume de l'Explication de la Carte geologique de France (Seance du 13 janvier 1879). Bulletin de la Societe geologique de France, Serie 3, 7, 91 - 92." type="journal article" year="1879">Douvillé, 1879</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 92. Weymouth (Dorset,
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<collectingCountry id="F32E7651C0294610FDF6FA1DFD9836F4" box="[521,619,1502,1527]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">England</collectingCountry>
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), „
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<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C0294610FD75FA1CFC5F36F4" authority="Beds" authorityName="Beds" box="[650,940,1502,1527]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Trigoniaceae" genus="Trigonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Malpighiales" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="clavellata">
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<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C0294610FD75FA1CFC9336F4" box="[650,864,1502,1527]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Trigonia clavellata</emphasis>
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” Beds
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B30C0294610FC43FA1DFBB636F4" author="Arkell" box="[956,1093,1502,1527]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" refString="Arkell, W. J. (1933) The Jurassic system in Great Britain. Oxford University Press, London, xi + 681 pp." type="book" year="1933">
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Arkell
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<quantity id="4CC19B24C0294610FBF2FA1CFBB636F4" box="[1037,1093,1503,1527]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.90982" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" unit="in" value="1933.0">1933</quantity>
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</bibRefCitation>
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in Arkell
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<date id="FF871001C0294610FB46FA1CFACA36F4" box="[1209,1337,1503,1527]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" value="1929" valueMax="1937">1929–1937</date>
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, p. 186), Middle Oxfordian, Upper Jurassic. The whereabouts of the
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<typeStatus id="54828863C0294610FCCDF9C0FC913518" box="[818,866,1539,1563]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">type</typeStatus>
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is unknown.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C323654AC0294610FF38F9E5FC0C35A9" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8B8636C1C0294610FF38F9E5FC0C35A9" blockId="48.[151,1436,1466,2031]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
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<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C0294610FF38F9E5FEC9353C" bold="true" box="[199,314,1574,1599]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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(modified from
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B30C0294610FDEDF9E5FD5D353C" author="Stenzel" box="[530,686,1574,1599]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" refString="Stenzel, H. B. (1971) Oysters. In: Moore, R. C. (Eds.), Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology. Part N, Mollusca 6 (Bivalvia). Vol. 3. Geological Society of America, University of Kansas, Boulder, pp. N 953 - N 1124." type="journal article" year="1971">Stenzel 1971</bibRefCitation>
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, p. N1158). Subequivalve,
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<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C0294610FBF8F9E5FBA6353C" box="[1031,1109,1574,1599]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Actinostreon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="outline">outline</taxonomicName>
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elongate oval and curved (crescentic); strongly plicate; adductor scar roundish, dorsally flattened or with slight sinus, position dorsocentral to posterodorsal; small straight chomata at least in some species; shell chambers numerous, small to medium-sized (about
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||
<quantity id="4CC19B24C0294610FF1AF951FEB935A8" box="[229,330,1682,1707]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" unit="cm" value="8.0" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="6.0">6–10 cm</quantity>
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), lenticular, predominantly (empty) filled with sparry cement.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C323654AC0294611FF38F975FB023017" lastPageId="49" lastPageNumber="50" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="discussion">
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||
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C0294610FF38F975FE893414" blockId="48.[151,1436,1466,2031]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
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||
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C0294610FF38F975FEC735CC" bold="true" box="[199,308,1718,1743]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Remarks</emphasis>
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.
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B30C0294610FEBBF975FE0B35CC" author="Malchus" box="[324,504,1718,1743]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" refString="Malchus, N. (1990) Revision der Kreide-Austern (Bivalvia: Pteriomorphia) Agyptens (Biostratigraphie, Systematik). Berliner Geowissenschaftliche Abhandlungen, Reihe A, 125, 1 - 231." type="journal article" year="1990">Malchus (1990)</bibRefCitation>
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||
assumed that
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<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C0294610FD61F974FCDF35CD" box="[670,812,1719,1742]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Actinostreon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C0294610FD61F974FCDF35CD" box="[670,812,1719,1742]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Actinostreon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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lacks chomata but later corrected that view (Malchus, 1998) based on Polish material from M. Machalski. It is still unknown, however, when species of that genus began to develop chomata.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8636C1C0294610FF38F8E1FDFB34A4" blockId="48.[151,1436,1466,2031]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
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||
There exists some confusion concerning the taxonomic position of
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<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C0294610FC43F8E0FBB93439" box="[956,1098,1827,1850]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Actinostreon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C0294610FC43F8E0FBB93439" box="[956,1098,1827,1850]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Actinostreon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and concept of the genus that warrants clarification.
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B30C0294610FE5DF885FDCF345C" author="Bayle" box="[418,572,1862,1887]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" refString="Bayle, E. (1878) Explication de la carte geologique de la France, Atlas, Fossiles principaux des terrains. Tome 2. Imprimerie Nationale, Paris, 57 pls. [pls. 100 - 156]" type="journal article" year="1878">Bayle (1878)</bibRefCitation>
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introduced the genus name on his legends to plate 132 [“
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<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C0294610FAF1F884FE853480" authority="Sowerby" authorityName="Sowerby" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Actinostreon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="solitarium">
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<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C0294610FAF1F884FEF93480" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Actinostreon solitarium</emphasis>
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Sowerby
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</taxonomicName>
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, sp.”, figs. 2–6] and plate 143 [“
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<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C0294610FD1DF8A8FB7E3480" authority="Coquand, 1854" authorityName="Coquand" authorityYear="1854" box="[738,1165,1898,1923]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Actinostreon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="syphax">
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<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C0294610FD1DF8A8FC363480" box="[738,965,1898,1923]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Actinostreon syphax</emphasis>
|
||
(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B30C0294610FC2BF8A9FB763480" author="Coquand" box="[980,1157,1898,1923]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" refString="Coquand, H. (1854) Description geologique de la province de Constantine. Memoires de la Societe geologique de France, 2 e serie, 5 (1), 155 pp. [available at biodiversitylibrary. org]" type="book" year="1854">Coquand, 1854</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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”, figs. 1–3] without any diagnosis or further explications.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8636C1C0294611FF38F871FE1C33D7" blockId="48.[151,1436,1466,2031]" lastBlockId="49.[151,1437,151,789]" lastPageId="49" lastPageNumber="50" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
||
When
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B30C0294610FEE3F871FD3134C8" author="Malchus" box="[284,706,1970,1995]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" refString="Malchus, N. (1990) Revision der Kreide-Austern (Bivalvia: Pteriomorphia) Agyptens (Biostratigraphie, Systematik). Berliner Geowissenschaftliche Abhandlungen, Reihe A, 125, 1 - 231." type="journal article" year="1990" yearSuffix="p">Malchus (1990, p. 102, table 17)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
placed
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<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C0294610FCD0F870FC4E34C9" box="[815,957,1971,1994]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Actinostreon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C0294610FCD0F870FC4E34C9" box="[815,957,1971,1994]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Actinostreon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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in the newly established Oscillophini (Palaeolophinae, Palaeolophidae) [now
|
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<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C0294610FDABF815FC7334EC" authority="Vialov, 1983" authorityName="Vialov" authorityYear="1983" box="[596,896,2006,2031]" class="Bivalvia" family="Arctostreidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreida" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Mollusca" rank="family">
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||
Arctostreidae
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B30C0294610FD0DF815FC7334EC" author="Vialov" box="[754,896,2006,2031]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" refString="Vialov, O. S. 1983. Zagal'na klasifikatsii ustrits. [General classification of oysters]. Dopovidi Akademiyi Nauk Ukrayins'koyi RSR, ser. B, Heolohichni, Khimichni ta Biolohichni Nauky [= Doklady Akademii Nauk Ukrainskoi SSR], Series B, 11, 6 - 8. [in Ukrainian]" type="journal article" year="1983">Vialov, 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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(Carter
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||
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C0294610FC22F814FBE634EC" box="[989,1045,2006,2031]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">et al.</emphasis>
|
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2011, p. 8)] he was unaware of the existence of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C0284611FED7FF5BFDFE33B3" box="[296,525,151,176]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Actinostreon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="syphax">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C0284611FED7FF5BFDFE33B3" box="[296,525,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Actinostreon syphax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
, as the corresponding plate 143 was missing in his xerox copy of
|
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B30C0284611FAF8FF54FA6F33B3" author="Bayle" box="[1287,1436,151,176]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" refString="Bayle, E. (1878) Explication de la carte geologique de la France, Atlas, Fossiles principaux des terrains. Tome 2. Imprimerie Nationale, Paris, 57 pls. [pls. 100 - 156]" type="journal article" year="1878">Bayle (1878)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(Malchus, pers. comm., 2014).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C0284611FF38FF1CFB8C3267" blockId="49.[151,1437,151,789]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
Malchus did, however, study a Morrocan specimen of “
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C0284611FCA3FF23FC8433F4" box="[860,887,224,247]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32E7651C0284611FCA3FF23FC8033F4" box="[860,883,224,247]" name="Iceland" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">O</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
”
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C0284611FC6FFF1CFC2D33FB" box="[912,990,223,248]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Actinostreon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="syphax">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C0284611FC6FFF1CFC2D33FB" box="[912,990,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">syphax</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
which showed compact foliated shell microstructure, in strong contrast to the multi-chambered
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C0284611FCC8FEC7FBBA321F" box="[823,1097,260,284]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Actinostreon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gregareum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C0284611FCC8FEC7FBBA321F" box="[823,1097,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Actinostreon gregareum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C0284611FB78FEC7FAEE321E" box="[1159,1309,260,285]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Actinostreon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="solitarium">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C0284611FB78FEC7FAEE321E" box="[1159,1309,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">A. solitarium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimens studied by others and by him. He considered
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C0284611FD6AFEE4FD103243" box="[661,739,295,320]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Actinostreon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="syphax">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C0284611FD6AFEE4FD103243" box="[661,739,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">syphax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a member of highly plicate compact foliated oysters of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C0284611FF20FE8FFD723266" authority="Liostreinae" authorityName="Liostreinae" box="[223,641,332,357]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Ambigostrea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C0284611FF20FE8FFE9E3266" box="[223,365,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Ambigostrea</emphasis>
|
||
, Liostreinae (Ostreidae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, today Flemingostreidae (Carter
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C0284611FC0EFE8EFBDA3266" box="[1009,1065,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2011).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C0284611FF38FEACFC963186" blockId="49.[151,1437,151,789]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
Unfortunately,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B30C0284611FE8FFEACFDD0328B" author="Malchus" box="[368,547,367,392]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" refString="Malchus, N. (1990) Revision der Kreide-Austern (Bivalvia: Pteriomorphia) Agyptens (Biostratigraphie, Systematik). Berliner Geowissenschaftliche Abhandlungen, Reihe A, 125, 1 - 231." type="journal article" year="1990">Malchus (1990)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
inadvertently listed the palaeolophid (now arctostreid) genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C0284611FB25FEB3FA9B3284" box="[1242,1384,368,391]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Actinostreon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C0284611FB25FEB3FA9B3284" box="[1242,1384,368,391]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Actinostreon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also under the liostreine tribe Ambigostreini (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B30C0284611FDA2FE57FCFB32AF" author="Malchus" box="[605,776,404,429]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" refString="Malchus, N. (1990) Revision der Kreide-Austern (Bivalvia: Pteriomorphia) Agyptens (Biostratigraphie, Systematik). Berliner Geowissenschaftliche Abhandlungen, Reihe A, 125, 1 - 231." type="journal article" year="1990">Malchus, 1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 68–70, p. 176). In addition, he erroneously used Bayle’s original combination “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C0284611FE6BFE7BFD8B32D3" box="[404,632,439,464]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Actinostreon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="syphax">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C0284611FE6BFE7BFD8B32D3" box="[404,632,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Actinostreon syphax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
” on page 86 and in the figure legend to plate 25, figure 6. These
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C0284611FAABFE74FF1032F6" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">lapsus calami</emphasis>
|
||
(Malchus, pers. comm., 2014) have lead at least once to an ambiguous taxonomic assignment (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B30C0284611FAF7FE1FFF21311B" author="Dhondt" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" refString="Dhondt, A. V., Malchus, N., Boumaza, L. & Jaillard, E. (1999) Cretaceous oysters from North Africa: origin and distribution. Bulletin de la Societe geologique de France, 170 (1), 67 - 76." type="journal article" year="1999">
|
||
Dhondt
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C0284611FA9BFE1EFA6F32F6" box="[1380,1436,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
1999
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 69–70, 74) and has contributed to a contentious argument about the validity of the phylogenetic distinction between fossil and recent plicate oysters (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B30C0284611FD8CFDE7FCDE313F" author="Hautmann" box="[627,813,548,572]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" refString="Hautmann, M. (2001) Taxonomy and phylogeny of cementing Triassic bivalves (families Prospondylidae, Plicatulidae, Dimyidae and Ostreidae). Palaeontology, 44 (2), 339 - 373. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / 1475 - 4983.00183" type="journal article" year="2001">Hautmann 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B30C0284611FCC5FDE7FC86313E" author="Hautmann" box="[826,885,548,573]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" refString="Hautmann, M. (2006) Shell morphology and phylogenetic origin of oysters. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 240, 668 - 671. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1016 / j. palaeo. 2006.03.006" type="journal article" year="2006">2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Malchus 2008). However, independent of these errors, it seems that current molecular phylogenetic results favor Malchus’ view of convergent development of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C0284611FF68FDAFFF2C3186" box="[151,223,620,645]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Lopha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C0284611FF68FDAFFF2C3186" box="[151,223,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Lopha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-like oysters (see introduction to the systematics chapter).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C0284611FF38FD53FB023017" blockId="49.[151,1437,151,789]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
In addition to this problem, there also exist doubts concerning the first valid introduction of the species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C0284611FAB1FD4CFA6F31AB" box="[1358,1436,655,680]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Actinostreon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="syphax">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C0284611FAB1FD4CFA6F31AB" box="[1358,1436,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">syphax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and of its valid spelling.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B30C0284611FE49FD77FD9C31CE" author="Coquand" box="[438,623,692,717]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" refString="Coquand, H. (1854) Description geologique de la province de Constantine. Memoires de la Societe geologique de France, 2 e serie, 5 (1), 155 pp. [available at biodiversitylibrary. org]" type="book" year="1854">Coquand (1854)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
spelled his species
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C0284611FCABFD77FC5D31CE" box="[852,942,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">scyphax</emphasis>
|
||
(p. 143, 144, 153, pl. 4) as well as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C0284611FAB1FD77FA6F31CE" box="[1358,1436,692,717]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Actinostreon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="syphax">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C0284611FAB1FD77FA6F31CE" box="[1358,1436,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">syphax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(p.150) but later used
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C0284611FE6FFD14FD5331F3" authority="Coquand 1862" authorityName="Coquand" authorityYear="1862" box="[400,672,727,752]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Actinostreon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="syphax">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C0284611FE6FFD14FE2D31F3" box="[400,478,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">syphax</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B30C0284611FE12FD14FD6B31F3" author="Coquand" box="[493,664,727,752]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" refString="Coquand, H. (1862) Geologie et paleontologie de la region sud de la province de Constantine. Imprimerie Arnaud, Marseille, 320 pp. + atlas 35 pls. [available at books. google. ch]" type="book" year="1862">Coquand 1862</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. It appears, therefore, that
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B30C0284611FC31FD14FB7531F3" author="Coquand" box="[974,1158,727,752]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" refString="Coquand, H. (1862) Geologie et paleontologie de la region sud de la province de Constantine. Imprimerie Arnaud, Marseille, 320 pp. + atlas 35 pls. [available at books. google. ch]" type="book" year="1862">Coquand (1862)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
is the first revisor of his own species choosing
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C0284611FE6DFD3FFE133016" box="[402,480,764,789]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Actinostreon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="syphax">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C0284611FE6DFD3FFE133016" box="[402,480,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">syphax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as the valid spelling (see IZCN 2000 online, Art. 24.2.3. and 24.2.4.).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |