532 lines
91 KiB
XML
532 lines
91 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="F194CC55DD5E9784C6C1DA5E8F420AA9">Resolving the Ophioderma longicauda (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea) cryptic species complex: five sisters, three of them new</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="A15E255DC8E4EE3BA7D4BCD6E6FC7608">Stöhr, Sabine</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="57CB444A0D95AF2EA36AA0D355ECA377">Weber, Alexandra Anh-Thu</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="8307F9DFF76B16D1505D4C34089D1F6A">Boissin, Emilie</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="907D13D66533631353029965FA0FEE27">Chenuil, Anne</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="038FF87B8C4CFFC18168A45DCCA296F2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3638043" ID-GBIF-Taxon="161944094" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3638043" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038FF87B8C4CFFC18168A45DCCA296F2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038FF87B8C4CFFC18168A45DCCA296F2" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<subSubSection id="C33C1AE68C4CFFCA8168A45DCA07923D" box="[540,1047,1578,1606]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B99496D8C4CFFCA8168A45DCA07923D" blockId="7.[540,1047,1578,1645]" box="[540,1047,1578,1606]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<heading id="D0D1FE018C4CFFCA8168A45DCA07923D" box="[540,1047,1578,1606]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="4C2632EE8C4CFFCA8168A45DCA07923D" authority="(Bruzelius, 1805)" baseAuthorityName="Bruzelius" baseAuthorityYear="1805" box="[540,1047,1578,1606]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiodermatidae" genus="Ophioderma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="longicauda">
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<emphasis id="B952957F8C4CFFCA8168A45DCD52923E" bold="true" box="[540,834,1578,1605]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Ophioderma longicauda</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB7349C8C4CFFCA8026A45CCA1F923D" author="Bruzelius" box="[850,1039,1579,1606]" firstAuthor="Bruzelius" journalOrPublisher="Berlingianis, Lund" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refId="ref18680" refString="Bruzelius N. 1805. Dissertatio sistens species cognitas asteriarum, quamr. sub praesidio D. M. and J. Retzii, pro laurea modeste exhibet Nicolaus Bruzelius. Berlingianis, Lund." title="Dissertatio sistens species cognitas asteriarum, quamr. sub praesidio D. M. and J. Retzii, pro laurea modeste exhibet Nicolaus Bruzelius" type="book" year="1805">Bruzelius, 1805</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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<subSubSection id="C33C1AE68C4CFFCA81C0A424CD909216" box="[692,896,1619,1645]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B99496D8C4CFFCA81C0A424CD909216" blockId="7.[540,1047,1578,1645]" box="[692,896,1619,1645]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<figureCitation id="131D55E88C4CFFCA81C0A424CD0D9216" box="[692,797,1619,1645]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStartId-0="9.[189,232,1824,1850]" captionStartId-1="11.[188,231,1647,1673]" captionTargetBox-0="[196,1391,622,1784]" captionTargetBox-1="[193,1395,265,1605]" captionTargetId-0="figure@9.[196,1391,622,1784]" captionTargetId-1="figure@11.[193,1395,265,1605]" captionTargetPageId-0="9" captionTargetPageId-1="11" captionText-0="Fig. 2. Ophioderma longicauda (Bruzelius, 1805), neotype (SMNH-Type-8729), digital images. A. Dorsal disc and arm bases, arrow points to regenerating part. B. Ventral disc and basal arms. C. Basal dorsal arm, note the multiple dorsal plates. D. Regenerating arm, dorsal plates already more than one. E. Ventral arm base. F. Jaws. Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp = second adoral shield spine; AdShSp = adoral shield spine; DAP = dorsal arm plate; IPa = infradental papilla; LOPa = oral papillae; LyOS = Lyman’s ossicle; M = madreporite; OS = oral shield; TPa = tooth papillae; VAP = ventral arm plate." captionText-1="Fig. 3. SEM images of skeletal elements of Ophioderma longicauda (Bruzelius, 1805). A–M. Non-type specimen of 15.5 mm disc diameter (SMNH-160226). A. Radial shield, external aspect. B. Radial shield, internal aspect. C. Scale-free area of Fig. 3A magnified, white arrowheads point to granule sockets and pores, white arrows point to large peripheral pores. D. Dental plate fragments, arrows point to granule pores. E. Adradial genital plate. F. Articulation knobs of Fig. 3E. G. Abradial genital plate. H. Oral plate, abradial face. I. Oral plate, adradial face, black arrows point to oral papillae sockets and pores, white arrows point to granule socket pores. J. Arm vertebra, proximal face. K. Arm vertebra, distal face. L. Lateral arm plate, external face. M. Lateral arm plate, internal face. – N–P. Non-type specimen of 12 mm disc diameter (SMNH-133258). N. Adradial genital plate, lateral view. O. Adradial genital plate, distal end. P. Radial shield, internal aspect, note the different shape from Fig. 3A–B. Abbreviations: dist = distal; dors = dorsal; prox = proximal; S = suture line; Sp = spurs; vent = ventral." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3637777" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3637779" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/3637777/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/3637779/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Figs 2–3</figureCitation>
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;
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<tableCitation id="C6A47CD68C4CFFCA805DA424CD909216" box="[809,896,1619,1645]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="6.[182,251,686,714]" captionTargetBox="[192,1907,832,1596]" captionText="Table 1. Key characters that distinguish the species of Ophioderma Müller & Troschel, 1840 in the Mediterranean Sea, the Northeast and Tropical Atlantic Ocean, formerly included in a cryptic complex under the name O. longicauda (Bruzelius, 1805). For O. guineense Greeff, 1882, the highest numbers of arm spines are from the syntypes. DAP = dorsal arm plate." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF5919E58C4DFFCB83C2A0D9CDE1976A" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" tableUuid="DF5919E58C4DFFCB83C2A0D9CDE1976A">Table 1</tableCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C33C1AE68C4CFFCA83C9A4EECD5A9282" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8B99496D8C4CFFCA83C9A4EECCDA92C8" blockId="7.[189,714,1689,1716]" box="[189,714,1689,1716]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<treatmentCitation id="0A876F7C8C4CFFCA83C9A4EECCD792C8" author="Bruzelius N." box="[189,711,1689,1716]" page="29" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" year="1805">
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<taxonomicName id="4C2632EE8C4CFFCA83C9A4EECCD792C8" authority="Bruzelius, 1805: 28 - 29" authorityName="Bruzelius" authorityPageNumber="28 - 29" authorityYear="1805" box="[189,711,1689,1716]" class="Asteroidea" family="Asteriidae" genus="Asterias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Forcipulatida" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="longicauda">
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<emphasis id="B952957F8C4CFFCA83C9A4EECFB892C8" box="[189,424,1689,1715]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Asterias longicauda</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB7349C8C4CFFCA82C4A4EECCD792C8" author="Bruzelius" box="[432,711,1689,1716]" firstAuthor="Bruzelius" journalOrPublisher="Berlingianis, Lund" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refId="ref18680" refString="Bruzelius N. 1805. Dissertatio sistens species cognitas asteriarum, quamr. sub praesidio D. M. and J. Retzii, pro laurea modeste exhibet Nicolaus Bruzelius. Berlingianis, Lund." title="Dissertatio sistens species cognitas asteriarum, quamr. sub praesidio D. M. and J. Retzii, pro laurea modeste exhibet Nicolaus Bruzelius" type="book" year="1805">Bruzelius, 1805: 28–29</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B99496D8C4CFFCA83C9A4A8CD5A9282" blockId="7.[189,842,1759,1786]" box="[189,842,1759,1786]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB366E438C4CFFCA83C9A4A8CD5A9282" box="[189,842,1759,1786]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<taxonomicName id="4C2632EE8C4CFFCA83C9A4A8CFCD9282" baseAuthorityName="Bruzelius" baseAuthorityYear="1805" box="[189,477,1759,1785]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiodermatidae" genus="Ophioderma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="longicauda">
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<emphasis id="B952957F8C4CFFCA83C9A4A8CFCD9282" box="[189,477,1759,1785]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Ophioderma longicauda</emphasis>
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–
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<treatmentCitation id="0A876F7C8C4CFFCA828EA4A8CD579282" author="" box="[506,839,1759,1785]" page="86" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB7349C8C4CFFCA828EA4A8CD579282" box="[506,839,1759,1785]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Müller & Troschel 1842: 86</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33C1AE68C4CFFCA83C9A552CB129390" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8B99496D8C4CFFCA83C9A552CF269344" blockId="7.[189,310,1829,1855]" box="[189,310,1829,1855]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<heading id="D0D1FE018C4CFFCA83C9A552CF269344" bold="true" box="[189,310,1829,1855]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="B952957F8C4CFFCA83C9A552CF269344" bold="true" box="[189,310,1829,1855]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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</heading>
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<paragraph id="8B99496D8C4CFFCA83C9A52ECB129390" blockId="7.[189,1399,1881,2027]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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Multiple tumid proximal dorsal arm plates, up to 10 (usually fewer) arm spines, up to eight oral papillae (counting from and including Lyman’s ossicle but excluding tooth papillae, see
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<figureCitation id="131D55E88C4CFFCA870AA5F6CAC993E0" box="[1150,1241,1921,1947]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[189,232,1824,1850]" captionTargetBox="[196,1391,622,1784]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[196,1391,622,1784]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 2. Ophioderma longicauda (Bruzelius, 1805), neotype (SMNH-Type-8729), digital images. A. Dorsal disc and arm bases, arrow points to regenerating part. B. Ventral disc and basal arms. C. Basal dorsal arm, note the multiple dorsal plates. D. Regenerating arm, dorsal plates already more than one. E. Ventral arm base. F. Jaws. Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp = second adoral shield spine; AdShSp = adoral shield spine; DAP = dorsal arm plate; IPa = infradental papilla; LOPa = oral papillae; LyOS = Lyman’s ossicle; M = madreporite; OS = oral shield; TPa = tooth papillae; VAP = ventral arm plate." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3637777" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3637777/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 2F</figureCitation>
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). Dorsal disc uniformly dark reddish brown or olive, dorsal arms uniformly dark or weakly banded, ventral disc as dark as dorsal disc, ventral arms and oral frame lighter coloured. Disc diameter up to
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.
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<emphasis id="B952957F8C43FFC5839EA34DCF41952F" bold="true" box="[234,337,314,340]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Neotype</emphasis>
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MEDITERRANEAN SEA •
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|
||
<collectingDate id="EFDC96458C43FFC587A4A32ACB62950C" box="[1232,1394,349,375]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" value="2004-08-07">7 Aug. 2004</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName id="26D32CBB8C43FFC583C9A3F6CF4E95E1" box="[189,350,384,411]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">H. Zibrowius</collectorName>
|
||
leg.; under stones; scuba diving, hand collecting; preserved in 95% ethanol;
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED37D1A88C43FFC5866CA3F7CB6795E1" box="[1304,1399,384,410]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">SMNH-</collectionCode>
|
||
Type-8729.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99496D8C43FFC5839EA392CFB69584" blockId="8.[189,1399,485,865]" box="[234,422,485,511]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952957F8C43FFC5839EA392CFB69584" bold="true" box="[234,422,485,511]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Other material</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99496D8C43FFC583C9A07ECB30971B" blockId="8.[189,1399,485,865]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
MEDITERRANEAN SEA •
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B4E43308C43FFC5817FA07ECC39963C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2563048042" collectingDate="2004-08-07" collectionCode="SMNH" collectorName="H. Zibrowius" country="France" elevation="7" location="Marseille" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" specimenCode="SMNH-102357" specimenCount="37">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2082E48C43FFC5817FA07ECCB99659" box="[523,681,520,547]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="generic">37 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
(each specimen in separate plastic bag, numbered); same data as for neotype;
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB80E1168C43FFC58207A05BCC39963C" box="[371,553,556,583]" collectionCode="SMNH-" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED37D1A88C43FFC58207A05BCFC2963C" box="[371,466,556,583]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">SMNH-</collectionCode>
|
||
102357
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B4E43308C43FFC58136A05BCFDC96F6" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2563048032" collectingDate="2006-05-26" collectionCode="SMNH" collectorName="H. Zibrowius" country="France" elevation="9" location="Port d'Alon" municipality="Marseille" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" specimenCode="SMNH-81012" specimenCount="62">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2082E48C43FFC58136A05BCCF1963D" box="[578,737,556,582]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="generic">62 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
(not used for DNA sequencing);
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33109FD8C43FFC5871DA05BCAAC963D" box="[1129,1212,556,582]" name="France" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">France</collectingCountry>
|
||
, E of
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BFDD3178C43FFC58674A05BCB62963D" box="[1280,1394,556,582]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Marseille</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EF91FB68C43FFC583C9A027CF5D9612" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038FF87B8C4CFFC18168A45DCCA296F2:8EF91FB68C43FFC583C9A027CF5D9612" box="[189,333,591,618]" country="France" municipality="Marseille" name="Port d'Alon" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Port d’Alon</location>
|
||
; depth
|
||
<quantity id="4CDEE4888C43FFC582D7A038CFEF9611" box="[419,511,591,618]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="15.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="m" value="9.0" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="3.0">
|
||
<elevation id="000BAE5E8C43FFC582D7A038CFEF9611" box="[419,511,591,618]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="15.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="m" value="9.0" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="3.0">3–15 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
;
|
||
<date id="FF986FAD8C43FFC58178A038CCBE9612" box="[524,686,591,618]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" value="2006-05-26">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFDC96458C43FFC58178A038CCBE9612" box="[524,686,591,618]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" value="2006-05-26">26 May 2006</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName id="26D32CBB8C43FFC581CEA027CD489612" box="[698,856,591,618]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">H. Zibrowius</collectorName>
|
||
leg.; under stones; scuba diving; preserved in ethanol;
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB80E1168C43FFC58250A004CFDC96F6" box="[292,460,627,653]" collectionCode="SMNH-" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED37D1A88C43FFC58250A004CF9296F6" box="[292,386,627,653]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">SMNH-</collectionCode>
|
||
81012
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B4E43308C43FFC5829CA004CF0496CB" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2563048051" collectingDate="2006-05-26" collectionCode="SMNH" collectorName="H. Zibrowius" country="France" elevation="9" location="Port d'Alon" municipality="Marseille" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" specimenCode="SMNH- 112871" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2082E48C43FFC5829CA004CC7E96F7" box="[488,622,626,653]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
(dd =
|
||
<quantity id="4CDEE4888C43FFC581CBA004CD0896F6" box="[703,792,627,653]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="mm" value="12.0">12 mm</quantity>
|
||
), dry ossicles; same data as for preceding;
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB80E1168C43FFC5866CA004CF0496CB" collectionCode="SMNH-" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED37D1A88C43FFC5866CA004CB6796F6" box="[1304,1399,627,653]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">SMNH-</collectionCode>
|
||
112871
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B4E43308C43FFC58245A0E1CB7396CA" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2563048039" box="[305,1379,662,689]" collectingDate="2006-05-26" collectionCode="SMNH" collectorName="H. Zibrowius" country="France" elevation="9" location="Port d'Alon" municipality="Marseille" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" specimenCode="SMNH-112871, SMNH-133258" specimenCount="1">
|
||
ossicles on SEM stub (from
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB80E1168C43FFC581FDA0E1CD5396CB" box="[649,835,662,688]" collectionCode="SMNH-" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED37D1A88C43FFC581FDA0E1CCFC96CB" box="[649,748,662,688]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">SMNH-</collectionCode>
|
||
112871
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
); same data as for preceding;
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB80E1168C43FFC587D8A0E1CB7396CA" box="[1196,1379,662,689]" collectionCode="SMNH-" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED37D1A88C43FFC587D8A0E1CB1B96CA" box="[1196,1291,662,689]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">SMNH-</collectionCode>
|
||
133258
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B4E43308C43FFC583C9A0CECD4B968D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2563048046" collectingDate="2006-05-26" collectionCode="SMNH" collectorName="H. Zibrowius" country="France" elevation="9" location="Port d'Alon" municipality="Marseille" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" specimenCode="SMNH-160226" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2082E48C43FFC583C9A0CECF5296A8" box="[189,322,697,723]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
(dd =
|
||
<quantity id="4CDEE4888C43FFC582FAA0CECFE996AF" box="[398,505,697,724]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="mm" value="15.5">15.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
, mitochondrial COI lineage L1, nuclear cluster C3), dry ossicles, ossicles on 2 SEM stubs; same data as for preceding;
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB80E1168C43FFC581D1A0ABCD4B968D" box="[677,859,732,758]" collectionCode="SMNH-" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED37D1A88C43FFC581D1A0ABCD14968D" box="[677,772,732,758]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">SMNH-</collectionCode>
|
||
160226
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B4E43308C43FFC58007A0AACF059746" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2563048037" collectingDate="2013-07" collectionCode="SMNH" collectorName="A. Weber" country="Tunisia" latitude="36.9545" location="Tabarka" longLatPrecision="11" longitude="8.758" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" specimenCode="SMNH-147063, 147066" specimenCount="4">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2082E48C43FFC58007A0AACA16968D" box="[883,1030,732,759]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="generic">4 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33109FD8C43FFC58765A0ABCA7B968D" box="[1041,1131,732,758]" name="Tunisia" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Tunisia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EF91FB68C43FFC58701A0ABCAC7968D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038FF87B8C4CFFC18168A45DCCA296F2:8EF91FB68C43FFC58701A0ABCAC7968D" box="[1141,1239,732,758]" country="Tunisia" latitude="36.9545" longLatPrecision="11" longitude="8.758" name="Tabarka" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Tabarka</location>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE122FAA8C43FFC58796A0ACCB62968C" box="[1250,1394,731,759]" degrees="36" direction="north" minutes="57.27" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" precision="9" value="36.9545">36°57.27′ N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE122FAA8C43FFC583C9A089CF509761" box="[189,320,766,794]" degrees="8" direction="east" minutes="45.48" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" precision="9" value="8.758">
|
||
8°45.48′
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED37D1A88C43FFC5825FA177CF509761" box="[299,320,768,794]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15670" name="Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="Herbarium">E</collectionCode>
|
||
</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<date id="FF986FAD8C43FFC5823BA177CFD29761" box="[335,450,768,794]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" value="2013-07">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFDC96458C43FFC5823BA177CFD29761" box="[335,450,768,794]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" value="2013-07">Jul. 2013</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName id="26D32CBB8C43FFC582A4A177CC539761" box="[464,579,768,794]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED37D1A88C43FFC582A4A177CFF99761" box="[464,489,768,794]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15406" name="Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="Herbarium">A</collectionCode>
|
||
. Weber
|
||
</collectorName>
|
||
leg.; hand collecting; preserved in 95% ethanol;
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB80E1168C43FFC587EAA177CB459761" box="[1182,1365,768,794]" collectionCode="SMNH-" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED37D1A88C43FFC587EAA177CAEE9761" box="[1182,1278,768,794]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">SMNH-</collectionCode>
|
||
147063
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
to
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB80E1168C43FFC583C9A154CF059746" box="[189,277,803,829]" collectionCode="SMNH-" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">147066</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B4E43308C43FFC58244A154CB0C971B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2563048036" collectingDate="2012-05" collectingDateMax="2013-03" collectingDateMin="2012-05" collectionCode="SMNH" collectorName="A. Weber" country="Greece" location="Crete" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" specimenCode="SMNH-147069" specimenCount="13" stateProvince="Kriti">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2082E48C43FFC58244A154CFC09746" box="[304,464,803,829]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="generic">13 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
(mitochondrial
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED37D1A88C43FFC581E4A154CCD39746" box="[656,707,803,829]" country="Portugal" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14498" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14498" name="University of Coimbra Botany Department" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="Herbarium">COI</collectionCode>
|
||
lineage
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED37D1A88C43FFC5805CA154CD2F9746" box="[808,831,803,829]" country="Netherlands" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15678" name="Nationaal Herbarium Nederland, Leiden University branch" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="Herbarium">L</collectionCode>
|
||
1, nuclear cluster
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED37D1A88C43FFC5877AA154CA359746" box="[1038,1061,803,829]" country="Denmark" name="University of Copenhagen" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="Herbarium">C</collectionCode>
|
||
3);
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33109FD8C43FFC5873EA154CAB09746" box="[1098,1184,803,829]" name="Greece" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Greece</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E2878F8C43FFC587D9A154CAE09746" box="[1197,1264,803,829]" country="Greece" name="Kriti" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Crete</collectingRegion>
|
||
;
|
||
<date id="FF986FAD8C43FFC58789A153CB679746" box="[1277,1399,803,830]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" value="2012-05">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFDC96458C43FFC58789A153CB679746" box="[1277,1399,803,830]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" value="2012-05">May 2012</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
(kept in aquarium, killed
|
||
<date id="FF986FAD8C43FFC58292A130CC73971A" box="[486,611,839,865]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" value="2013-03">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFDC96458C43FFC58292A130CC73971A" box="[486,611,839,865]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" value="2013-03">Mar. 2013</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
);
|
||
<collectorName id="26D32CBB8C43FFC58103A130CCF6971B" box="[631,742,838,865]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED37D1A88C43FFC58103A130CC80971A" box="[631,656,839,865]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15406" name="Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="Herbarium">A</collectionCode>
|
||
. Weber
|
||
</collectorName>
|
||
leg.; preserved in 95% ethanol;
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB80E1168C43FFC58716A131CB0C971B" box="[1122,1308,838,864]" collectionCode="SMNH-" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED37D1A88C43FFC58716A131CAD3971B" box="[1122,1219,838,864]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">SMNH-</collectionCode>
|
||
147069
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33C1AE68C43FFC783C9A1FFCD379117" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99496D8C43FFC583C9A1FFCF5E97D9" blockId="8.[189,334,904,930]" box="[189,334,904,930]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<heading id="D0D1FE018C43FFC583C9A1FFCF5E97D9" bold="true" box="[189,334,904,930]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952957F8C43FFC583C9A1FFCF5E97D9" bold="true" box="[189,334,904,930]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Description</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99496D8C43FFC5839EA1C0CFA097AA" blockId="8.[189,1399,951,1436]" box="[234,432,951,977]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<typeStatus id="549DF7CF8C43FFC5839EA1C0CF4197AA" box="[234,337,951,977]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="neotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952957F8C43FFC5839EA1C0CF4197AA" bold="true" box="[234,337,951,977]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Neotype</emphasis>
|
||
</typeStatus>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="131D55E88C43FFC58215A1C0CFB897AA" box="[353,424,951,977]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[189,232,1824,1850]" captionTargetBox="[196,1391,622,1784]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[196,1391,622,1784]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 2. Ophioderma longicauda (Bruzelius, 1805), neotype (SMNH-Type-8729), digital images. A. Dorsal disc and arm bases, arrow points to regenerating part. B. Ventral disc and basal arms. C. Basal dorsal arm, note the multiple dorsal plates. D. Regenerating arm, dorsal plates already more than one. E. Ventral arm base. F. Jaws. Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp = second adoral shield spine; AdShSp = adoral shield spine; DAP = dorsal arm plate; IPa = infradental papilla; LOPa = oral papillae; LyOS = Lyman’s ossicle; M = madreporite; OS = oral shield; TPa = tooth papillae; VAP = ventral arm plate." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3637777" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3637777/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99496D8C43FFC583C9A1ADCD1B91E7" blockId="8.[189,1399,951,1436]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
Disc diameter
|
||
<quantity id="4CDEE4888C43FFC58207A1ADCFF3978E" box="[371,483,986,1013]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="mm" value="22.5">22.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
; five arms, one cut for molecular analysis, one regenerating close to disc (recognizable by abrupt change in arm width;
|
||
<figureCitation id="131D55E88C43FFC58193A18ACD7B9063" box="[743,875,1021,1048]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[189,232,1824,1850]" captionTargetBox="[196,1391,622,1784]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[196,1391,622,1784]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 2. Ophioderma longicauda (Bruzelius, 1805), neotype (SMNH-Type-8729), digital images. A. Dorsal disc and arm bases, arrow points to regenerating part. B. Ventral disc and basal arms. C. Basal dorsal arm, note the multiple dorsal plates. D. Regenerating arm, dorsal plates already more than one. E. Ventral arm base. F. Jaws. Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp = second adoral shield spine; AdShSp = adoral shield spine; DAP = dorsal arm plate; IPa = infradental papilla; LOPa = oral papillae; LyOS = Lyman’s ossicle; M = madreporite; OS = oral shield; TPa = tooth papillae; VAP = ventral arm plate." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3637777" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3637777/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 2A, D</figureCitation>
|
||
), two regenerating close to tip. Dorsal disc, including all radial shields, completely covered by small round granules (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131D55E88C43FFC58734A656CAB29040" box="[1088,1186,1057,1083]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[189,232,1824,1850]" captionTargetBox="[196,1391,622,1784]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[196,1391,622,1784]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 2. Ophioderma longicauda (Bruzelius, 1805), neotype (SMNH-Type-8729), digital images. A. Dorsal disc and arm bases, arrow points to regenerating part. B. Ventral disc and basal arms. C. Basal dorsal arm, note the multiple dorsal plates. D. Regenerating arm, dorsal plates already more than one. E. Ventral arm base. F. Jaws. Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp = second adoral shield spine; AdShSp = adoral shield spine; DAP = dorsal arm plate; IPa = infradental papilla; LOPa = oral papillae; LyOS = Lyman’s ossicle; M = madreporite; OS = oral shield; TPa = tooth papillae; VAP = ventral arm plate." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3637777" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3637777/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Disc scales and granules crowd onto proximal arms, covering first few joints completely, following three joints laterally (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131D55E88C43FFC583B2A610CF1E90F9" box="[198,270,1127,1154]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[189,232,1824,1850]" captionTargetBox="[196,1391,622,1784]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[196,1391,622,1784]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 2. Ophioderma longicauda (Bruzelius, 1805), neotype (SMNH-Type-8729), digital images. A. Dorsal disc and arm bases, arrow points to regenerating part. B. Ventral disc and basal arms. C. Basal dorsal arm, note the multiple dorsal plates. D. Regenerating arm, dorsal plates already more than one. E. Ventral arm base. F. Jaws. Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp = second adoral shield spine; AdShSp = adoral shield spine; DAP = dorsal arm plate; IPa = infradental papilla; LOPa = oral papillae; LyOS = Lyman’s ossicle; M = madreporite; OS = oral shield; TPa = tooth papillae; VAP = ventral arm plate." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3637777" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3637777/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
C–D). Proximal dorsal arm plates thick, robust, slightly tumid, several pieces of variable size placed irregularly on each arm joint, fewer pieces distalwards and on regenerating parts (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131D55E88C43FFC587B4A6FCCB0B90DE" box="[1216,1307,1163,1189]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[189,232,1824,1850]" captionTargetBox="[196,1391,622,1784]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[196,1391,622,1784]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 2. Ophioderma longicauda (Bruzelius, 1805), neotype (SMNH-Type-8729), digital images. A. Dorsal disc and arm bases, arrow points to regenerating part. B. Ventral disc and basal arms. C. Basal dorsal arm, note the multiple dorsal plates. D. Regenerating arm, dorsal plates already more than one. E. Ventral arm base. F. Jaws. Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp = second adoral shield spine; AdShSp = adoral shield spine; DAP = dorsal arm plate; IPa = infradental papilla; LOPa = oral papillae; LyOS = Lyman’s ossicle; M = madreporite; OS = oral shield; TPa = tooth papillae; VAP = ventral arm plate." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3637777" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3637777/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 2C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Entire dorsal plates on distal arm rounded fan-shaped, distal edge wider than proximal, twice as wide as long. Small granules, similar to disc granules, between arm plates along the arm (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131D55E88C43FFC58756A6A6CA779097" box="[1058,1127,1233,1260]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[189,232,1824,1850]" captionTargetBox="[196,1391,622,1784]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[196,1391,622,1784]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 2. Ophioderma longicauda (Bruzelius, 1805), neotype (SMNH-Type-8729), digital images. A. Dorsal disc and arm bases, arrow points to regenerating part. B. Ventral disc and basal arms. C. Basal dorsal arm, note the multiple dorsal plates. D. Regenerating arm, dorsal plates already more than one. E. Ventral arm base. F. Jaws. Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp = second adoral shield spine; AdShSp = adoral shield spine; DAP = dorsal arm plate; IPa = infradental papilla; LOPa = oral papillae; LyOS = Lyman’s ossicle; M = madreporite; OS = oral shield; TPa = tooth papillae; VAP = ventral arm plate." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3637777" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3637777/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
C–D). Arm joints about three times as wide as long proximally. Two to seven flat, blunt arm spines at ventral to ventro-lateral distal edge of lateral arm plate (from first spine-bearing joint under disc to proximal free ones), half as long as joint. Ventralmost spine longer and wider than others (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131D55E88C43FFC580EBA74CCA0E912D" box="[927,1054,1339,1366]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[189,232,1824,1850]" captionTargetBox="[196,1391,622,1784]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[196,1391,622,1784]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 2. Ophioderma longicauda (Bruzelius, 1805), neotype (SMNH-Type-8729), digital images. A. Dorsal disc and arm bases, arrow points to regenerating part. B. Ventral disc and basal arms. C. Basal dorsal arm, note the multiple dorsal plates. D. Regenerating arm, dorsal plates already more than one. E. Ventral arm base. F. Jaws. Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp = second adoral shield spine; AdShSp = adoral shield spine; DAP = dorsal arm plate; IPa = infradental papilla; LOPa = oral papillae; LyOS = Lyman’s ossicle; M = madreporite; OS = oral shield; TPa = tooth papillae; VAP = ventral arm plate." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3637777" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3637777/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 2B, E</figureCitation>
|
||
). Small scales at dorsolateral distal edge of lateral arm plate on some arms, few tiny scales and some granules on others. Scattered granules along spine articulations/bases of spines.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99496D8C43FFC583C9A7B3CAB693FD" blockId="8.[189,1399,1476,1926]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
Ventral disc covered with granules similar to dorsal disc (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131D55E88C43FFC5800CA7B3CDEB91A5" box="[888,1019,1476,1502]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[189,232,1824,1850]" captionTargetBox="[196,1391,622,1784]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[196,1391,622,1784]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 2. Ophioderma longicauda (Bruzelius, 1805), neotype (SMNH-Type-8729), digital images. A. Dorsal disc and arm bases, arrow points to regenerating part. B. Ventral disc and basal arms. C. Basal dorsal arm, note the multiple dorsal plates. D. Regenerating arm, dorsal plates already more than one. E. Ventral arm base. F. Jaws. Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp = second adoral shield spine; AdShSp = adoral shield spine; DAP = dorsal arm plate; IPa = infradental papilla; LOPa = oral papillae; LyOS = Lyman’s ossicle; M = madreporite; OS = oral shield; TPa = tooth papillae; VAP = ventral arm plate." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3637777" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3637777/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 2B, E</figureCitation>
|
||
). Bursal slits divided into short proximal part, reaching from oral shield to second arm joint, and distal part reaching from fourth joint to disc edge (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131D55E88C43FFC58229A47DCFAA925E" box="[349,442,1546,1573]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[189,232,1824,1850]" captionTargetBox="[196,1391,622,1784]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[196,1391,622,1784]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 2. Ophioderma longicauda (Bruzelius, 1805), neotype (SMNH-Type-8729), digital images. A. Dorsal disc and arm bases, arrow points to regenerating part. B. Ventral disc and basal arms. C. Basal dorsal arm, note the multiple dorsal plates. D. Regenerating arm, dorsal plates already more than one. E. Ventral arm base. F. Jaws. Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp = second adoral shield spine; AdShSp = adoral shield spine; DAP = dorsal arm plate; IPa = infradental papilla; LOPa = oral papillae; LyOS = Lyman’s ossicle; M = madreporite; OS = oral shield; TPa = tooth papillae; VAP = ventral arm plate." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3637777" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3637777/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 2B</figureCitation>
|
||
, E–F). One interradius cut open. No juveniles in bursae; gonads small, with few oocytes, light brown. Adoral shields covered by granules, larger than on disc, conical (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131D55E88C43FFC587CCA459CB029233" box="[1208,1298,1582,1608]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[189,232,1824,1850]" captionTargetBox="[196,1391,622,1784]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[196,1391,622,1784]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 2. Ophioderma longicauda (Bruzelius, 1805), neotype (SMNH-Type-8729), digital images. A. Dorsal disc and arm bases, arrow points to regenerating part. B. Ventral disc and basal arms. C. Basal dorsal arm, note the multiple dorsal plates. D. Regenerating arm, dorsal plates already more than one. E. Ventral arm base. F. Jaws. Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp = second adoral shield spine; AdShSp = adoral shield spine; DAP = dorsal arm plate; IPa = infradental papilla; LOPa = oral papillae; LyOS = Lyman’s ossicle; M = madreporite; OS = oral shield; TPa = tooth papillae; VAP = ventral arm plate." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3637777" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3637777/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 2F</figureCitation>
|
||
). Adoral shield long, narrow, extending around the lateral edge of the oral shield, separating it from the arm. Four oral shields, rounded triangular, almost twice as wide as long, with obtuse proximal angle, convex distal edge, obtuse lateral angles, small central compression. Madreporite irregularly oval, almost as long as wide, larger central depression. Large, rectangular teeth. On either side of jaw a line of eight papillae: Lyman’s ossicle large, 2.5–3 times as wide as high, angled upwards, first adoral shield spine rounded bicuspid, as wide as long, second adoral shield spine indistinguishable from other five conical, pointed lateral papillae (including infradental papilla) at oral plate edge, two tooth papillae at jaw tips in line with oral papillae, larger than oral papillae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131D55E88C43FFC581B5A53FCD0B9318" box="[705,795,1864,1891]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[189,232,1824,1850]" captionTargetBox="[196,1391,622,1784]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[196,1391,622,1784]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 2. Ophioderma longicauda (Bruzelius, 1805), neotype (SMNH-Type-8729), digital images. A. Dorsal disc and arm bases, arrow points to regenerating part. B. Ventral disc and basal arms. C. Basal dorsal arm, note the multiple dorsal plates. D. Regenerating arm, dorsal plates already more than one. E. Ventral arm base. F. Jaws. Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp = second adoral shield spine; AdShSp = adoral shield spine; DAP = dorsal arm plate; IPa = infradental papilla; LOPa = oral papillae; LyOS = Lyman’s ossicle; M = madreporite; OS = oral shield; TPa = tooth papillae; VAP = ventral arm plate." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3637777" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3637777/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 2F</figureCitation>
|
||
). First ventral tooth in median position above tooth papillae, rectangular with straight edges. Second oral tentacle pore hidden in oral slit.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99496D8C43FFC483C9A5DACC2B95AE" blockId="8.[189,1399,1965,2027]" lastBlockId="9.[189,1399,267,470]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
Granules from adoral shields continue laterally along the first arm joints, decreasing in size, meeting the granules from dorsal disc at arm base, becoming indistinguishable from them (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131D55E88C43FFC5870EA5A6CAC59390" box="[1146,1237,2001,2027]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[189,232,1824,1850]" captionTargetBox="[196,1391,622,1784]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[196,1391,622,1784]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 2. Ophioderma longicauda (Bruzelius, 1805), neotype (SMNH-Type-8729), digital images. A. Dorsal disc and arm bases, arrow points to regenerating part. B. Ventral disc and basal arms. C. Basal dorsal arm, note the multiple dorsal plates. D. Regenerating arm, dorsal plates already more than one. E. Ventral arm base. F. Jaws. Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp = second adoral shield spine; AdShSp = adoral shield spine; DAP = dorsal arm plate; IPa = infradental papilla; LOPa = oral papillae; LyOS = Lyman’s ossicle; M = madreporite; OS = oral shield; TPa = tooth papillae; VAP = ventral arm plate." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3637777" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3637777/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 2E</figureCitation>
|
||
). First ventral arm plate smaller than following plates, proximally convex, distally narrowing to a point, touching second plate. Second and following proximal ventral arm plate axe-head shaped pentagonal, thick to slightly tumid, distal edge variable concave, straight or convex, proximal edge with angle, lateral edges excavated concave. Lateral excavations decrease in depth along arm. Two oval shaped tentacle scales, superimposed on the ventralmost spine, articulating to the lateral arm plate, fitting into excavation in lateral edge of ventral arm plate.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99496D8C42FFC483C9A38ACFD19641" blockId="9.[189,1398,509,570]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
Dark brown colour on dorsal disc and arms, ventral disc dark, ventral arms and oral frame light brown to cream (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131D55E88C42FFC48247A057CF699641" box="[307,377,544,570]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[189,232,1824,1850]" captionTargetBox="[196,1391,622,1784]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[196,1391,622,1784]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 2. Ophioderma longicauda (Bruzelius, 1805), neotype (SMNH-Type-8729), digital images. A. Dorsal disc and arm bases, arrow points to regenerating part. B. Ventral disc and basal arms. C. Basal dorsal arm, note the multiple dorsal plates. D. Regenerating arm, dorsal plates already more than one. E. Ventral arm base. F. Jaws. Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp = second adoral shield spine; AdShSp = adoral shield spine; DAP = dorsal arm plate; IPa = infradental papilla; LOPa = oral papillae; LyOS = Lyman’s ossicle; M = madreporite; OS = oral shield; TPa = tooth papillae; VAP = ventral arm plate." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3637777" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3637777/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
A–B).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF5919E58C42FFC483C9A557CAF39390" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3637777" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3637777" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3637777/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" startId="9.[189,232,1824,1850]" targetBox="[196,1391,622,1784]" targetPageId="9">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99496D8C42FFC483C9A557CAF39390" blockId="9.[189,1399,1824,2027]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952957F8C42FFC483C9A557CF049340" bold="true" box="[189,276,1824,1851]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 2.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2632EE8C42FFC48250A556CD269340" authority="(Bruzelius, 1805)" baseAuthorityName="Bruzelius" baseAuthorityYear="1805" box="[292,822,1824,1851]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiodermatidae" genus="Ophioderma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="longicauda">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952957F8C42FFC48250A556CC5D9340" box="[292,589,1825,1851]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Ophioderma longicauda</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB7349C8C42FFC48111A556CD3D9340" author="Bruzelius" box="[613,813,1824,1851]" firstAuthor="Bruzelius" journalOrPublisher="Berlingianis, Lund" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refId="ref18680" refString="Bruzelius N. 1805. Dissertatio sistens species cognitas asteriarum, quamr. sub praesidio D. M. and J. Retzii, pro laurea modeste exhibet Nicolaus Bruzelius. Berlingianis, Lund." title="Dissertatio sistens species cognitas asteriarum, quamr. sub praesidio D. M. and J. Retzii, pro laurea modeste exhibet Nicolaus Bruzelius" type="book" year="1805">Bruzelius, 1805</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, neotype (SMNH-Type-8729), digital images.
|
||
<emphasis id="B952957F8C42FFC483C9A533CEC29325" bold="true" box="[189,210,1860,1886]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">A</emphasis>
|
||
. Dorsal disc and arm bases, arrow points to regenerating part.
|
||
<emphasis id="B952957F8C42FFC480D3A533CDAB9325" bold="true" box="[935,955,1860,1886]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">B</emphasis>
|
||
. Ventral disc and basal arms.
|
||
<emphasis id="B952957F8C42FFC48666A533CB379325" bold="true" box="[1298,1319,1860,1886]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">C</emphasis>
|
||
. Basal dorsal arm, note the multiple dorsal plates.
|
||
<emphasis id="B952957F8C42FFC481B5A510CCC693FA" bold="true" box="[705,726,1895,1921]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">D</emphasis>
|
||
. Regenerating arm, dorsal plates already more than one.
|
||
<emphasis id="B952957F8C42FFC483C9A5FDCEC193DF" bold="true" box="[189,209,1930,1956]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">E</emphasis>
|
||
. Ventral arm base.
|
||
<emphasis id="B952957F8C42FFC482C6A5FDCFD493DF" bold="true" box="[434,452,1930,1956]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">F</emphasis>
|
||
. Jaws. Abbreviations: 2°AdShSp = second adoral shield spine; AdShSp = adoral shield spine; DAP = dorsal arm plate; IPa = infradental papilla; LOPa = oral papillae; LyOS = Lyman’s ossicle; M = madreporite; OS = oral shield; TPa = tooth papillae; VAP = ventral arm plate.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99496D8C41FFC7839EA37CCC32955E" blockId="10.[189,1399,267,1251]" box="[234,546,267,294]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952957F8C41FFC7839EA37CCFD2955D" bold="true" box="[234,450,267,294]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Skeletal elements</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="131D55E88C41FFC782A6A37CCC08955E" box="[466,536,267,293]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="11.[188,231,1647,1673]" captionTargetBox="[193,1395,265,1605]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[193,1395,265,1605]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Fig. 3. SEM images of skeletal elements of Ophioderma longicauda (Bruzelius, 1805). A–M. Non-type specimen of 15.5 mm disc diameter (SMNH-160226). A. Radial shield, external aspect. B. Radial shield, internal aspect. C. Scale-free area of Fig. 3A magnified, white arrowheads point to granule sockets and pores, white arrows point to large peripheral pores. D. Dental plate fragments, arrows point to granule pores. E. Adradial genital plate. F. Articulation knobs of Fig. 3E. G. Abradial genital plate. H. Oral plate, abradial face. I. Oral plate, adradial face, black arrows point to oral papillae sockets and pores, white arrows point to granule socket pores. J. Arm vertebra, proximal face. K. Arm vertebra, distal face. L. Lateral arm plate, external face. M. Lateral arm plate, internal face. – N–P. Non-type specimen of 12 mm disc diameter (SMNH-133258). N. Adradial genital plate, lateral view. O. Adradial genital plate, distal end. P. Radial shield, internal aspect, note the different shape from Fig. 3A–B. Abbreviations: dist = distal; dors = dorsal; prox = proximal; S = suture line; Sp = spurs; vent = ventral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3637779" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3637779/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99496D8C41FFC783C9A358CA819098" blockId="10.[189,1399,267,1251]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
Non-type specimen of
|
||
<quantity id="4CDEE4888C41FFC782BBA358CC2A9532" box="[463,570,303,330]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="15.5">15.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
dd (SMNH-
|
||
<date id="FF986FAD8C41FFC781A0A358CD3E9531" box="[724,814,303,330]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" value="26-02-16">160226</date>
|
||
), morphologically similar to
|
||
<typeStatus id="549DF7CF8C41FFC787FFA358CAFB9532" box="[1163,1259,303,329]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, e.g., radial shields covered by granules. Several dorsal arm plates per joint on at least seven proximal arm joints, on many more on some arms. Radial shields isosceles triangular with strongly concave abradial edge and distal abradial process, external distal half domed with slightly finer mesh stereom and scattered small pores (the domed part is not covered by scales but with granules in the intact animal, all other areas are covered by scales). Two larger pores on distal part, adjacent to rough patch, and circle of medium-sized pores bordering domed part (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131D55E88C41FFC78168A074CCB19665" box="[540,673,515,542]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="11.[188,231,1647,1673]" captionTargetBox="[193,1395,265,1605]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[193,1395,265,1605]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Fig. 3. SEM images of skeletal elements of Ophioderma longicauda (Bruzelius, 1805). A–M. Non-type specimen of 15.5 mm disc diameter (SMNH-160226). A. Radial shield, external aspect. B. Radial shield, internal aspect. C. Scale-free area of Fig. 3A magnified, white arrowheads point to granule sockets and pores, white arrows point to large peripheral pores. D. Dental plate fragments, arrows point to granule pores. E. Adradial genital plate. F. Articulation knobs of Fig. 3E. G. Abradial genital plate. H. Oral plate, abradial face. I. Oral plate, adradial face, black arrows point to oral papillae sockets and pores, white arrows point to granule socket pores. J. Arm vertebra, proximal face. K. Arm vertebra, distal face. L. Lateral arm plate, external face. M. Lateral arm plate, internal face. – N–P. Non-type specimen of 12 mm disc diameter (SMNH-133258). N. Adradial genital plate, lateral view. O. Adradial genital plate, distal end. P. Radial shield, internal aspect, note the different shape from Fig. 3A–B. Abbreviations: dist = distal; dors = dorsal; prox = proximal; S = suture line; Sp = spurs; vent = ventral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3637779" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3637779/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 3A, C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Internally, radial shield with distal groove and two weakly domed bulbs, two pores in center of proximal half (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131D55E88C41FFC7807BA050CD7A963A" box="[783,874,551,577]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="11.[188,231,1647,1673]" captionTargetBox="[193,1395,265,1605]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[193,1395,265,1605]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Fig. 3. SEM images of skeletal elements of Ophioderma longicauda (Bruzelius, 1805). A–M. Non-type specimen of 15.5 mm disc diameter (SMNH-160226). A. Radial shield, external aspect. B. Radial shield, internal aspect. C. Scale-free area of Fig. 3A magnified, white arrowheads point to granule sockets and pores, white arrows point to large peripheral pores. D. Dental plate fragments, arrows point to granule pores. E. Adradial genital plate. F. Articulation knobs of Fig. 3E. G. Abradial genital plate. H. Oral plate, abradial face. I. Oral plate, adradial face, black arrows point to oral papillae sockets and pores, white arrows point to granule socket pores. J. Arm vertebra, proximal face. K. Arm vertebra, distal face. L. Lateral arm plate, external face. M. Lateral arm plate, internal face. – N–P. Non-type specimen of 12 mm disc diameter (SMNH-133258). N. Adradial genital plate, lateral view. O. Adradial genital plate, distal end. P. Radial shield, internal aspect, note the different shape from Fig. 3A–B. Abbreviations: dist = distal; dors = dorsal; prox = proximal; S = suture line; Sp = spurs; vent = ventral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3637779" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3637779/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 3B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Dental plates as varying numbers of pieces, sockets for teeth and apical tooth papillae not penetrating, bordered by low ridges (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131D55E88C41FFC787C7A03DCB04961E" box="[1203,1300,586,613]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="11.[188,231,1647,1673]" captionTargetBox="[193,1395,265,1605]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[193,1395,265,1605]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Fig. 3. SEM images of skeletal elements of Ophioderma longicauda (Bruzelius, 1805). A–M. Non-type specimen of 15.5 mm disc diameter (SMNH-160226). A. Radial shield, external aspect. B. Radial shield, internal aspect. C. Scale-free area of Fig. 3A magnified, white arrowheads point to granule sockets and pores, white arrows point to large peripheral pores. D. Dental plate fragments, arrows point to granule pores. E. Adradial genital plate. F. Articulation knobs of Fig. 3E. G. Abradial genital plate. H. Oral plate, abradial face. I. Oral plate, adradial face, black arrows point to oral papillae sockets and pores, white arrows point to granule socket pores. J. Arm vertebra, proximal face. K. Arm vertebra, distal face. L. Lateral arm plate, external face. M. Lateral arm plate, internal face. – N–P. Non-type specimen of 12 mm disc diameter (SMNH-133258). N. Adradial genital plate, lateral view. O. Adradial genital plate, distal end. P. Radial shield, internal aspect, note the different shape from Fig. 3A–B. Abbreviations: dist = distal; dors = dorsal; prox = proximal; S = suture line; Sp = spurs; vent = ventral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3637779" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3637779/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 3D</figureCitation>
|
||
). At the ventralmost edge of the dental plate, a row of small pores, probably granule articulations, followed by a row of three small round articulations for tooth papillae, the median one slightly higher than the lateral ones, followed by a row of two or a single larger round articulation and from then on single wide slit-like tooth articulations. Adradial genital plate blade-like flat with bulbous distal end and large pore, distal pit with knob on one side, three knob-like ridges on other side (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131D55E88C41FFC780D2A08BCDF9976D" box="[934,1001,764,790]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="11.[188,231,1647,1673]" captionTargetBox="[193,1395,265,1605]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[193,1395,265,1605]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Fig. 3. SEM images of skeletal elements of Ophioderma longicauda (Bruzelius, 1805). A–M. Non-type specimen of 15.5 mm disc diameter (SMNH-160226). A. Radial shield, external aspect. B. Radial shield, internal aspect. C. Scale-free area of Fig. 3A magnified, white arrowheads point to granule sockets and pores, white arrows point to large peripheral pores. D. Dental plate fragments, arrows point to granule pores. E. Adradial genital plate. F. Articulation knobs of Fig. 3E. G. Abradial genital plate. H. Oral plate, abradial face. I. Oral plate, adradial face, black arrows point to oral papillae sockets and pores, white arrows point to granule socket pores. J. Arm vertebra, proximal face. K. Arm vertebra, distal face. L. Lateral arm plate, external face. M. Lateral arm plate, internal face. – N–P. Non-type specimen of 12 mm disc diameter (SMNH-133258). N. Adradial genital plate, lateral view. O. Adradial genital plate, distal end. P. Radial shield, internal aspect, note the different shape from Fig. 3A–B. Abbreviations: dist = distal; dors = dorsal; prox = proximal; S = suture line; Sp = spurs; vent = ventral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3637779" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3637779/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
E–F, N–O). Abradial genital plate much smaller and scale-like flat, distally wider than proximally (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131D55E88C41FFC780C0A168CA029742" box="[948,1042,799,825]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="11.[188,231,1647,1673]" captionTargetBox="[193,1395,265,1605]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[193,1395,265,1605]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Fig. 3. SEM images of skeletal elements of Ophioderma longicauda (Bruzelius, 1805). A–M. Non-type specimen of 15.5 mm disc diameter (SMNH-160226). A. Radial shield, external aspect. B. Radial shield, internal aspect. C. Scale-free area of Fig. 3A magnified, white arrowheads point to granule sockets and pores, white arrows point to large peripheral pores. D. Dental plate fragments, arrows point to granule pores. E. Adradial genital plate. F. Articulation knobs of Fig. 3E. G. Abradial genital plate. H. Oral plate, abradial face. I. Oral plate, adradial face, black arrows point to oral papillae sockets and pores, white arrows point to granule socket pores. J. Arm vertebra, proximal face. K. Arm vertebra, distal face. L. Lateral arm plate, external face. M. Lateral arm plate, internal face. – N–P. Non-type specimen of 12 mm disc diameter (SMNH-133258). N. Adradial genital plate, lateral view. O. Adradial genital plate, distal end. P. Radial shield, internal aspect, note the different shape from Fig. 3A–B. Abbreviations: dist = distal; dors = dorsal; prox = proximal; S = suture line; Sp = spurs; vent = ventral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3637779" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3637779/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 3G</figureCitation>
|
||
). Oral plates longer than high, only slightly lower in central part than at proximal end, with large adradial muscle fossa with finer mesh stereom than remaining ossicle (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131D55E88C41FFC7814EA111CC8897FB" box="[570,664,870,896]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="11.[188,231,1647,1673]" captionTargetBox="[193,1395,265,1605]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[193,1395,265,1605]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Fig. 3. SEM images of skeletal elements of Ophioderma longicauda (Bruzelius, 1805). A–M. Non-type specimen of 15.5 mm disc diameter (SMNH-160226). A. Radial shield, external aspect. B. Radial shield, internal aspect. C. Scale-free area of Fig. 3A magnified, white arrowheads point to granule sockets and pores, white arrows point to large peripheral pores. D. Dental plate fragments, arrows point to granule pores. E. Adradial genital plate. F. Articulation knobs of Fig. 3E. G. Abradial genital plate. H. Oral plate, abradial face. I. Oral plate, adradial face, black arrows point to oral papillae sockets and pores, white arrows point to granule socket pores. J. Arm vertebra, proximal face. K. Arm vertebra, distal face. L. Lateral arm plate, external face. M. Lateral arm plate, internal face. – N–P. Non-type specimen of 12 mm disc diameter (SMNH-133258). N. Adradial genital plate, lateral view. O. Adradial genital plate, distal end. P. Radial shield, internal aspect, note the different shape from Fig. 3A–B. Abbreviations: dist = distal; dors = dorsal; prox = proximal; S = suture line; Sp = spurs; vent = ventral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3637779" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3637779/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 3H</figureCitation>
|
||
), conspicuous s-curved suture line crosses foot basin (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131D55E88C41FFC78662A111CB7897FB" box="[1302,1384,870,896]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="11.[188,231,1647,1673]" captionTargetBox="[193,1395,265,1605]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[193,1395,265,1605]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Fig. 3. SEM images of skeletal elements of Ophioderma longicauda (Bruzelius, 1805). A–M. Non-type specimen of 15.5 mm disc diameter (SMNH-160226). A. Radial shield, external aspect. B. Radial shield, internal aspect. C. Scale-free area of Fig. 3A magnified, white arrowheads point to granule sockets and pores, white arrows point to large peripheral pores. D. Dental plate fragments, arrows point to granule pores. E. Adradial genital plate. F. Articulation knobs of Fig. 3E. G. Abradial genital plate. H. Oral plate, abradial face. I. Oral plate, adradial face, black arrows point to oral papillae sockets and pores, white arrows point to granule socket pores. J. Arm vertebra, proximal face. K. Arm vertebra, distal face. L. Lateral arm plate, external face. M. Lateral arm plate, internal face. – N–P. Non-type specimen of 12 mm disc diameter (SMNH-133258). N. Adradial genital plate, lateral view. O. Adradial genital plate, distal end. P. Radial shield, internal aspect, note the different shape from Fig. 3A–B. Abbreviations: dist = distal; dors = dorsal; prox = proximal; S = suture line; Sp = spurs; vent = ventral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3637779" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3637779/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 3I</figureCitation>
|
||
). Row of five small pores and depressions near lower edge of adradial proximal oral plate as articulations of oral papillae; four pores at proximal ventral edge of oral plate as articulations of granules (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131D55E88C41FFC78661A1DACB7897BC" box="[1301,1384,941,967]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="11.[188,231,1647,1673]" captionTargetBox="[193,1395,265,1605]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[193,1395,265,1605]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Fig. 3. SEM images of skeletal elements of Ophioderma longicauda (Bruzelius, 1805). A–M. Non-type specimen of 15.5 mm disc diameter (SMNH-160226). A. Radial shield, external aspect. B. Radial shield, internal aspect. C. Scale-free area of Fig. 3A magnified, white arrowheads point to granule sockets and pores, white arrows point to large peripheral pores. D. Dental plate fragments, arrows point to granule pores. E. Adradial genital plate. F. Articulation knobs of Fig. 3E. G. Abradial genital plate. H. Oral plate, abradial face. I. Oral plate, adradial face, black arrows point to oral papillae sockets and pores, white arrows point to granule socket pores. J. Arm vertebra, proximal face. K. Arm vertebra, distal face. L. Lateral arm plate, external face. M. Lateral arm plate, internal face. – N–P. Non-type specimen of 12 mm disc diameter (SMNH-133258). N. Adradial genital plate, lateral view. O. Adradial genital plate, distal end. P. Radial shield, internal aspect, note the different shape from Fig. 3A–B. Abbreviations: dist = distal; dors = dorsal; prox = proximal; S = suture line; Sp = spurs; vent = ventral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3637779" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3637779/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 3I</figureCitation>
|
||
). Adradial distal muscle fossa ventrally wide, tapering dorsalwards, almost vertical, shorter than height of oral plate. Large basin of first tube foot. Vertebrae typically zygospondylus, with large dorsal and small ventral muscle flanges, faint growth rings (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131D55E88C41FFC78182A660CD299049" box="[758,825,1047,1074]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="11.[188,231,1647,1673]" captionTargetBox="[193,1395,265,1605]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[193,1395,265,1605]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Fig. 3. SEM images of skeletal elements of Ophioderma longicauda (Bruzelius, 1805). A–M. Non-type specimen of 15.5 mm disc diameter (SMNH-160226). A. Radial shield, external aspect. B. Radial shield, internal aspect. C. Scale-free area of Fig. 3A magnified, white arrowheads point to granule sockets and pores, white arrows point to large peripheral pores. D. Dental plate fragments, arrows point to granule pores. E. Adradial genital plate. F. Articulation knobs of Fig. 3E. G. Abradial genital plate. H. Oral plate, abradial face. I. Oral plate, adradial face, black arrows point to oral papillae sockets and pores, white arrows point to granule socket pores. J. Arm vertebra, proximal face. K. Arm vertebra, distal face. L. Lateral arm plate, external face. M. Lateral arm plate, internal face. – N–P. Non-type specimen of 12 mm disc diameter (SMNH-133258). N. Adradial genital plate, lateral view. O. Adradial genital plate, distal end. P. Radial shield, internal aspect, note the different shape from Fig. 3A–B. Abbreviations: dist = distal; dors = dorsal; prox = proximal; S = suture line; Sp = spurs; vent = ventral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3637779" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3637779/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
J–K). Lateral arm plates compact, weakly curved around the arm, strongly convex distally, concave proximally, with ventral excavation for tube foot opening (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131D55E88C41FFC78259A629CF629002" box="[301,370,1118,1145]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="11.[188,231,1647,1673]" captionTargetBox="[193,1395,265,1605]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[193,1395,265,1605]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Fig. 3. SEM images of skeletal elements of Ophioderma longicauda (Bruzelius, 1805). A–M. Non-type specimen of 15.5 mm disc diameter (SMNH-160226). A. Radial shield, external aspect. B. Radial shield, internal aspect. C. Scale-free area of Fig. 3A magnified, white arrowheads point to granule sockets and pores, white arrows point to large peripheral pores. D. Dental plate fragments, arrows point to granule pores. E. Adradial genital plate. F. Articulation knobs of Fig. 3E. G. Abradial genital plate. H. Oral plate, abradial face. I. Oral plate, adradial face, black arrows point to oral papillae sockets and pores, white arrows point to granule socket pores. J. Arm vertebra, proximal face. K. Arm vertebra, distal face. L. Lateral arm plate, external face. M. Lateral arm plate, internal face. – N–P. Non-type specimen of 12 mm disc diameter (SMNH-133258). N. Adradial genital plate, lateral view. O. Adradial genital plate, distal end. P. Radial shield, internal aspect, note the different shape from Fig. 3A–B. Abbreviations: dist = distal; dors = dorsal; prox = proximal; S = suture line; Sp = spurs; vent = ventral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3637779" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3637779/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
L–M). Two spurs at proximal external edge and counterparts on internal distal edge of lateral arm plates. Internal lateral arm plate with vertical row of three pores just below the plate centre, slightly bent, flat vertical proximal ridge and ventral small protruding knob. Spine articulations inset in the distal plate edge with one thickened lobe, separating muscle and nerve opening.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99496D8C41FFC783C9A77CCD379117" blockId="10.[189,1399,1290,1388]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
Non-type specimen of
|
||
<quantity id="4CDEE4888C41FFC782B1A77CCC07915E" box="[453,535,1291,1317]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="12.0">12 mm</quantity>
|
||
dd (SMNH-133258), adradial genital plate in lateral view with large distal pore and distal knob (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131D55E88C41FFC782B2A759CC1C9133" box="[454,524,1326,1352]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="11.[188,231,1647,1673]" captionTargetBox="[193,1395,265,1605]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[193,1395,265,1605]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Fig. 3. SEM images of skeletal elements of Ophioderma longicauda (Bruzelius, 1805). A–M. Non-type specimen of 15.5 mm disc diameter (SMNH-160226). A. Radial shield, external aspect. B. Radial shield, internal aspect. C. Scale-free area of Fig. 3A magnified, white arrowheads point to granule sockets and pores, white arrows point to large peripheral pores. D. Dental plate fragments, arrows point to granule pores. E. Adradial genital plate. F. Articulation knobs of Fig. 3E. G. Abradial genital plate. H. Oral plate, abradial face. I. Oral plate, adradial face, black arrows point to oral papillae sockets and pores, white arrows point to granule socket pores. J. Arm vertebra, proximal face. K. Arm vertebra, distal face. L. Lateral arm plate, external face. M. Lateral arm plate, internal face. – N–P. Non-type specimen of 12 mm disc diameter (SMNH-133258). N. Adradial genital plate, lateral view. O. Adradial genital plate, distal end. P. Radial shield, internal aspect, note the different shape from Fig. 3A–B. Abbreviations: dist = distal; dors = dorsal; prox = proximal; S = suture line; Sp = spurs; vent = ventral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3637779" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3637779/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
N–O). Radial shield with irregular edges and abradial edge not concave, other characters similar to larger specimen (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131D55E88C41FFC781B4A726CD099117" box="[704,793,1361,1388]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="11.[188,231,1647,1673]" captionTargetBox="[193,1395,265,1605]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[193,1395,265,1605]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Fig. 3. SEM images of skeletal elements of Ophioderma longicauda (Bruzelius, 1805). A–M. Non-type specimen of 15.5 mm disc diameter (SMNH-160226). A. Radial shield, external aspect. B. Radial shield, internal aspect. C. Scale-free area of Fig. 3A magnified, white arrowheads point to granule sockets and pores, white arrows point to large peripheral pores. D. Dental plate fragments, arrows point to granule pores. E. Adradial genital plate. F. Articulation knobs of Fig. 3E. G. Abradial genital plate. H. Oral plate, abradial face. I. Oral plate, adradial face, black arrows point to oral papillae sockets and pores, white arrows point to granule socket pores. J. Arm vertebra, proximal face. K. Arm vertebra, distal face. L. Lateral arm plate, external face. M. Lateral arm plate, internal face. – N–P. Non-type specimen of 12 mm disc diameter (SMNH-133258). N. Adradial genital plate, lateral view. O. Adradial genital plate, distal end. P. Radial shield, internal aspect, note the different shape from Fig. 3A–B. Abbreviations: dist = distal; dors = dorsal; prox = proximal; S = suture line; Sp = spurs; vent = ventral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3637779" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3637779/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 3P</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33C1AE68C41FFC183C9A7E4CCA296F2" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99496D8C41FFC783C9A7E4CF3F91D6" blockId="10.[189,303,1427,1453]" box="[189,303,1427,1453]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<heading id="D0D1FE018C41FFC783C9A7E4CF3F91D6" bold="true" box="[189,303,1427,1453]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952957F8C41FFC783C9A7E4CF3F91D6" bold="true" box="[189,303,1427,1453]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99496D8C41FFC783C9A7B5CB679360" blockId="10.[189,1399,1474,1820]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
In southern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33109FD8C41FFC78225A7B5CFB491A7" box="[337,420,1474,1500]" name="France" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">France</collectingCountry>
|
||
, at Marseille, only one genetic cluster of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2632EE8C41FFC780DDA7B5CA4491A7" baseAuthorityName="Bruzelius" baseAuthorityYear="1805" box="[937,1108,1474,1500]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiodermatidae" genus="Ophioderma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="longicauda">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952957F8C41FFC780DDA7B5CDAE91A7" box="[937,958,1474,1500]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">O</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B952957F8C41FFC780A4A7B5CA4491A7" box="[976,1108,1474,1500]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">longicauda</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
exists according to our analyses and it is safe to assume that the whole population belongs to the same species. The specimen chosen as
|
||
<typeStatus id="549DF7CF8C41FFC7824EA47ECF879258" box="[314,407,1545,1571]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
|
||
is a female for the purpose of comparison with brooders. It was selected from the samples used in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB7349C8C41FFC7820AA45BCC61923D" author="Boissin" box="[382,625,1580,1606]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Boissin" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Ecology" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="4737 - 4755" part="22" refId="ref18551" refString="Boissin E., Stohr S. & Chenuil A. 2011. Did vicariance and adaptation drive cryptic speciation and evolution of brooding in Ophioderma longicauda (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea), a common Atlanto- Mediterranean ophiuroid? Molecular Ecology 22: 4737 - 4755. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 294 X. 2011.05309. x" title="Did vicariance and adaptation drive cryptic speciation and evolution of brooding in Ophioderma longicauda (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea), a common Atlanto- Mediterranean ophiuroid?" type="journal article" year="2011">
|
||
Boissin
|
||
<emphasis id="B952957F8C41FFC782AAA45ACC08923D" box="[478,536,1580,1606]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2011)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. As one of the larger specimens in our collection, it was chosen to demonstrate the superior size of this species compared to the brooders. The species reaches a size of up to
|
||
<quantity id="4CDEE4888C41FFC783A8A404CF3F92F5" box="[220,303,1651,1678]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="30.0">30 mm</quantity>
|
||
dd (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB7349C8C41FFC78217A404CC3B92F6" author="Stohr" box="[355,555,1651,1677]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Stohr" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="1 - 20" part="2071" refId="ref19237" refString="Stohr S., Boissin E. & Chenuil A. 2009. Potential cryptic speciation in Mediterranean populations of Ophioderma (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea). Zootaxa 2071: 1 - 20. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2071.1.1" title="Potential cryptic speciation in Mediterranean populations of Ophioderma (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea)" type="journal article" year="2009">
|
||
Stöhr
|
||
<emphasis id="B952957F8C41FFC782D8A403CFF892F6" box="[428,488,1651,1677]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2009
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) in the western population, but these large specimens are rare and none was included in the molecular studies. Most are well below
|
||
<quantity id="4CDEE4888C41FFC7800CA4E0CDDA92CA" box="[888,970,1687,1713]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="20.0">20 mm</quantity>
|
||
dd and the eastern population seems to stay slightly smaller with a maximum of
|
||
<quantity id="4CDEE4888C41FFC781C8A4CDCD1F92AE" box="[700,783,1722,1749]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="25.0">25 mm</quantity>
|
||
dd found (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB7349C8C41FFC780FAA4CDCA7592AF" author="Weber" box="[910,1125,1722,1748]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Weber" journalOrPublisher="Comptes Rendus Biologies" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="553 - 560" part="337" refId="ref19581" refString="Weber A. A. - T., Stohr S. & Chenuil A. 2014. Genetic data, reproduction season and reproductive strategy data support the existence of biological species in Ophioderma longicauda. Comptes Rendus Biologies 337: 553 - 560. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. crvi. 2014.07.007" title="Genetic data, reproduction season and reproductive strategy data support the existence of biological species in Ophioderma longicauda" type="journal article" year="2014">
|
||
Weber
|
||
<emphasis id="B952957F8C41FFC78097A4CCCA0E92AF" box="[995,1054,1722,1748]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2014
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Internal ossicles were taken from a smaller specimen because this is the most common and easily available size in all studied species. It is important to compare individuals of similar size, since most characters are size dependent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99496D8C41FFC183C9A534CCA296F2" blockId="10.[189,1406,1859,2027]" lastBlockId="12.[189,1399,267,649]" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
The highest number of arm spines recorded for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2632EE8C41FFC7818CA534CDB29326" baseAuthorityName="Bruzelius" baseAuthorityYear="1805" box="[760,930,1859,1885]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiodermatidae" genus="Ophioderma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="longicauda">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952957F8C41FFC7818CA534CD1D9326" box="[760,781,1859,1885]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">O</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B952957F8C41FFC7806AA534CDB29326" box="[798,930,1859,1885]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">longicauda</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is 10 and this character is only weakly correlated to size (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB7349C8C41FFC782D4A511CC6693FB" author="Stohr" box="[416,630,1894,1920]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Stohr" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="1 - 20" part="2071" refId="ref19237" refString="Stohr S., Boissin E. & Chenuil A. 2009. Potential cryptic speciation in Mediterranean populations of Ophioderma (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea). Zootaxa 2071: 1 - 20. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2071.1.1" title="Potential cryptic speciation in Mediterranean populations of Ophioderma (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea)" type="journal article" year="2009">
|
||
Stöhr
|
||
<emphasis id="B952957F8C41FFC78299A510CC3B93FB" box="[493,555,1894,1920]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2009
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The radial shields are covered by granules in the majority of examined specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2632EE8C41FFC782A3A5FDCC6E93DF" baseAuthorityName="Bruzelius" baseAuthorityYear="1805" box="[471,638,1930,1956]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiodermatidae" genus="Ophioderma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="longicauda">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952957F8C41FFC782A3A5FDCFFC93DF" box="[471,492,1930,1956]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">O</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B952957F8C41FFC7828EA5FDCC6E93DF" box="[506,638,1930,1956]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">longicauda</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the western population (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB7349C8C41FFC780C8A5FDCA9293DF" author="Stohr" box="[956,1154,1930,1956]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Stohr" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="1 - 20" part="2071" refId="ref19237" refString="Stohr S., Boissin E. & Chenuil A. 2009. Potential cryptic speciation in Mediterranean populations of Ophioderma (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea). Zootaxa 2071: 1 - 20. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2071.1.1" title="Potential cryptic speciation in Mediterranean populations of Ophioderma (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea)" type="journal article" year="2009">
|
||
Stöhr
|
||
<emphasis id="B952957F8C41FFC78770A5FCCA2F93DF" box="[1028,1087,1930,1956]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2009
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and in all examined specimens of this species in the eastern population (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB7349C8C41FFC78065A5DACDF493BC" author="Weber" box="[785,996,1965,1991]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Weber" journalOrPublisher="Comptes Rendus Biologies" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="553 - 560" part="337" refId="ref19581" refString="Weber A. A. - T., Stohr S. & Chenuil A. 2014. Genetic data, reproduction season and reproductive strategy data support the existence of biological species in Ophioderma longicauda. Comptes Rendus Biologies 337: 553 - 560. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. crvi. 2014.07.007" title="Genetic data, reproduction season and reproductive strategy data support the existence of biological species in Ophioderma longicauda" type="journal article" year="2014">
|
||
Weber
|
||
<emphasis id="B952957F8C41FFC78011A5D9CD8F93BC" box="[869,927,1965,1991]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2014
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), which makes this character fairly reliable to differentiate
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2632EE8C41FFC782ADA5A6CC949390" baseAuthorityName="Bruzelius" baseAuthorityYear="1805" box="[473,644,2001,2027]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiodermatidae" genus="Ophioderma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="longicauda">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952957F8C41FFC782ADA5A6CFFE9390" box="[473,494,2001,2027]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">O</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B952957F8C41FFC78174A5A6CC949390" box="[512,644,2001,2027]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">longicauda</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from sympatric
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2632EE8C41FFC7803BA5A6CDC49390" authority="Stöhr & Weber & Boissin & Chenuil, 2020" authorityName="Stöhr & Weber & Boissin & Chenuil" authorityYear="2020" box="[847,980,2001,2027]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiodermatidae" genus="Ophioderma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="zibrowii" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952957F8C41FFC7803BA5A6CD749390" box="[847,868,2001,2027]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">O</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B952957F8C41FFC78001A5A6CDC49390" box="[885,980,2001,2027]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">zibrowii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26128048C41FFC780ABA5A6CA2F9390" box="[991,1087,2001,2027]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, although specimens with covered radial shields have been found in the latter. The radial shields are a key character to distinguish these two species. In the intact animal, scales cover most of the radial shield, except for the domed distal area that becomes visible only after the radial shield has been isolated by dissociation of the skeleton in bleach. Granules are attached to all scales and to the unscaled part in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2632EE8C47FFC18092A301CA9E95EB" baseAuthorityName="Bruzelius" baseAuthorityYear="1805" box="[998,1166,374,401]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiodermatidae" genus="Ophioderma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="longicauda">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952957F8C47FFC18092A301CDEB95EB" box="[998,1019,374,400]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">O</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B952957F8C47FFC1877EA301CA9E95EB" box="[1034,1166,374,400]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">longicauda</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Each small pore in this area probably indicates the position of a granule. They may be nerve openings but little is known about these. The shape of the radial shield is variable between individuals but the granule articulations are the same. The domed distal part is finer meshed than the remaining areas; in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2632EE8C47FFC18723A396CAED9580" baseAuthorityName="Bruzelius" baseAuthorityYear="1805" box="[1111,1277,481,507]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiodermatidae" genus="Ophioderma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="longicauda">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952957F8C47FFC18723A396CA7C9580" box="[1111,1132,481,507]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">O</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B952957F8C47FFC1870DA396CAED9580" box="[1145,1277,481,507]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">longicauda</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
it is not as well defined as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2632EE8C47FFC182E4A072CC029665" authority="Stöhr & Weber & Boissin & Chenuil, 2020" authorityName="Stöhr & Weber & Boissin & Chenuil" authorityYear="2020" box="[400,530,516,543]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiodermatidae" genus="Ophioderma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="zibrowii" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952957F8C47FFC182E4A072CFB59664" box="[400,421,517,543]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">O</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B952957F8C47FFC182C7A073CC029665" box="[435,530,516,542]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">zibrowii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26128048C47FFC1816CA072CC659664" box="[536,629,517,543]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, and it is oval instead of round as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2632EE8C47FFC1876FA072CAB29665" authority="Stöhr & Weber & Boissin & Chenuil, 2020" authorityName="Stöhr & Weber & Boissin & Chenuil" authorityYear="2020" box="[1051,1186,516,543]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiodermatidae" genus="Ophioderma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="africana" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952957F8C47FFC1876FA072CA209664" box="[1051,1072,517,543]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">O</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B952957F8C47FFC1874BA073CAB29665" box="[1087,1186,516,542]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">africana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26128048C47FFC187DDA072CB129664" box="[1193,1282,517,543]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
The large number and thickness of the dorsal arm plates are another character that distinguishes
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2632EE8C47FFC187B8A05FCB669639" baseAuthorityName="Bruzelius" baseAuthorityYear="1805" box="[1228,1398,552,578]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiodermatidae" genus="Ophioderma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="longicauda">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952957F8C47FFC187B8A05FCAF19639" box="[1228,1249,552,578]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">O</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B952957F8C47FFC18786A05FCB669639" box="[1266,1398,552,578]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">longicauda</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from all other species, but in small specimens, there is a single plate on each arm joint. For further differentiation between species, see below.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |