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<document id="185340C60D5605C40069E61609377EE9" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5369.1.4" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10144745" ID-ZooBank="B0A58448-FE3B-4F2A-B876-E6EE2D95A89F" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="carolina" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="carolina" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="carolina" checkinTime="1700161493829" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Brunet, Bryan M. T., Raupach, Michael J., Rehage, Heinz-Otto, Havill, Nathan P. &amp; Foottit, Robert G." docDate="2023" docId="038687EA4279FFDDF0F6B72BFA1B0A80" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5369.1.4.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5369 (1)" docSource="https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.1.4/52230" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Schizoneura lanuginosa Hartig 1839" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="98" masterDocId="FFBFFF924270FFD4F061B363FF9C0D14" masterDocTitle="Discovery of the primary aphid (Hemiptera: Aphidomorpha) and scale insect (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha) type specimens from the collection of Theodor Hartig (1805 - 1880)" masterLastPageNumber="116" masterPageNumber="89" pageNumber="98" updateTime="1700231225524" updateUser="carolina" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="4062EF6B3978D2F0CB3C041C8E1F9245">Discovery of the primary aphid (Hemiptera: Aphidomorpha) and scale insect (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha) type specimens from the collection of Theodor Hartig (1805 - 1880)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="CBAF1A82335BAE74277A6369BE001A61">Brunet, Bryan M. T.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="DBC2A7487FD29A4F31E198BC0D948596">Raupach, Michael J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="98681E2649B918663BD15ECF529A36F8">Sektion Hemiptera, Bavarian State Collection of Zoology (SNSB - ZSM), Münchhausenstrasse 21, 81247 München, Germany. raupach @ snsb. de; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 8299 - 6697</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="B388AFDFA6D08961DB4CEAD5D39F6850">Foottit, Robert G.</mods:namePart>
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<heading id="D0D881904279FFDDF0F6B72BFDFE0976" bold="true" box="[151,610,1096,1123]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="98" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D7F4279FFDDF0F6B72BFDFE0976" ID-CoL="8PJVB" authority="Hartig, 1839" authorityName="Hartig" authorityYear="1839" box="[151,610,1096,1123]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Schizoneura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="98" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lanuginosa">
<emphasis id="B95BEAEE4279FFDDF0F6B72BFDFE0976" bold="true" box="[151,610,1096,1123]" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">
<emphasis id="B95BEAEE4279FFDDF0F6B72BFE210977" bold="true" box="[151,445,1096,1123]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">Schizoneura lanuginosa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B0D4279FFDDF1A4B72BFDFE0976" author="Hartig, T." box="[453,610,1096,1122]" pageId="9" pageNumber="98" refId="ref17508" refString="Hartig, T. (1839) Jahresberichte uber die Fortschritte der Forstwissenschaft und forstlichen Naturkunde im Jahre 1836 und 1837 nebst Original-Abhandlungen aus dem Gebiete dieser Wissenschaften. A. Forstner, Berlin, 646 pp." type="book" year="1839">Hartig, 1839</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0A8E10ED4279FFDDF0F6B7EEFDD209B1" author="Hartig, T." box="[151,590,1165,1189]" page="645" pageId="9" pageNumber="98" year="1839">
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D7F4279FFDDF0F6B7EEFDD209B1" ID-CoL="8PJVB" authority="Hartig, 1839: 645" authorityName="Hartig" authorityPageNumber="645" authorityYear="1839" box="[151,590,1165,1189]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Schizoneura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="98" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lanuginosa">
<emphasis id="B95BEAEE4279FFDDF0F6B7EEFE1009B1" box="[151,396,1165,1189]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">Schizoneura lanuginosa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B0D4279FFDDF1F3B7EEFDD209B1" author="Hartig, T." box="[402,590,1165,1189]" pageId="9" pageNumber="98" refId="ref17508" refString="Hartig, T. (1839) Jahresberichte uber die Fortschritte der Forstwissenschaft und forstlichen Naturkunde im Jahre 1836 und 1837 nebst Original-Abhandlungen aus dem Gebiete dieser Wissenschaften. A. Forstner, Berlin, 646 pp." type="book" year="1839">Hartig, 1839: 645</bibRefCitation>
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.
<emphasis id="B95BEAEE4279FFDDF239B7EEFD4009B1" bold="true" box="[600,732,1165,1189]" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">
<typeStatus id="5494885E4279FFDDF239B7EEFD4009B1" box="[600,732,1165,1189]" pageId="9" pageNumber="98" type="syntype">SYNTYPES</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
: 2 (Field no. missing [5.06, 5.07]; 1532 [5.03]; 1741 [5.02]),
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D7F4279FFDDF52CB7EEFA1309B1" ID-CoL="84MR" authorityName="Distant" authorityYear="1904" box="[1357,1423,1165,1189]" class="Insecta" family="Tingidae" genus="Ulmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="98" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95BEAEE4279FFDDF52CB7EEFA1309B1" box="[1357,1423,1165,1189]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">Ulmus</emphasis>
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.
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D7F4279FFDDF0F6B7CFFD8609D0" ID-CoL="3B6C5" authority="(Hartig, 1841)" baseAuthorityName="Hartig" baseAuthorityYear="1841" box="[151,538,1196,1220]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Eriosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="98" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lanuginosum">
<emphasis id="B95BEAEE4279FFDDF0F6B7CFFE1F09D0" box="[151,387,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">Eriosoma lanuginosum</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B0D4279FFDDF1F1B7CFFD8F09D0" author="Hartig, T." box="[400,531,1196,1220]" pageId="9" pageNumber="98" pagination="359 - 376" refId="ref17546" refString="Hartig, T. (1841) IX. Versuch einer Eintheilung der Pflanzenlause (Phytophthires Burm.) nach der Flugelbildung. Zeitschrift fur die Entomologie, 3, 359 - 376." type="journal article" year="1841">Hartig, 1841</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
(change of combination—
<treatmentCitation id="0A8E10ED4279FFDDF34DB7CFFC5309D7" author="Baker, A. C." box="[812,975,1195,1220]" page="16" pageId="9" pageNumber="98" year="1915">
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B0D4279FFDDF34DB7CFFC5309D7" author="Baker, A. C." box="[812,975,1195,1220]" pageId="9" pageNumber="98" refId="ref15615" refString="Baker, A. C. (1915) The woolly apple Aphis. United States Department of Agriculture. Report 101. U. S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C., 55 pp." type="book" year="1915">Baker, 1915: 16</bibRefCitation>
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).
<emphasis id="B95BEAEE4279FFDDF380B7C8FB8609D7" bold="true" box="[993,1050,1195,1219]" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">Valid</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9036FC4279FFDDF0F6B792FB4008F0" blockId="9.[151,1437,1265,1940]" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">
<emphasis id="B95BEAEE4279FFDDF0F6B792FE80081F" bold="true" box="[151,284,1265,1291]" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">Specimens.</emphasis>
Found in abundance on
<date id="FF91103C4279FFDDF255B791FC8A0818" box="[564,790,1266,1293]" pageId="9" pageNumber="98" value="1836-09-15">
September 15,
<quantity id="4CD79B194279FFDDF2BFB791FC8A0818" box="[734,790,1266,1292]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.66344" pageId="9" pageNumber="98" unit="in" value="1836.0">1836</quantity>
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in Tiergarten,
<collectingRegion id="49EBF81E4279FFDDF3DDB791FB990818" box="[956,1029,1266,1292]" country="Germany" name="Berlin" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">Berlin</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F338766C4279FFDDF470B791FBE70818" box="[1041,1147,1266,1292]" name="Germany" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">Germany</collectingCountry>
. An alate (1532) was collected and mounted on a point. Another alate (specimen 1741) collected from Forstgarten, Braunschweig,
<collectingCountry id="F338766C4279FFDDF555B675FA000824" box="[1332,1436,1302,1328]" name="Germany" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">Germany</collectingCountry>
on
<date id="FF91103C4279FFDDF0DBB659FEE20840" box="[186,382,1338,1364]" pageId="9" pageNumber="98" value="1836-10-20">October 20, 1836</date>
and pinned. Six additional specimens and an elm gall are also present. Four of these are card-mounted together on a single pin with a white, handwritten label that reads “Blutlause
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D7F4279FFDDF43DB63DFAD0086C" ID-CoL="8QWR2" box="[1116,1356,1374,1400]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Schizoneura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="98" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lanigera">
<emphasis id="B95BEAEE4279FFDDF43DB63DFAD0086C" box="[1116,1356,1374,1400]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">Schizoneura lanigera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
”. Next to these but left of Hartigs standard label for
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D7F4279FFDDF2F2B6E1FC1F0888" ID-CoL="8QWR2" box="[659,899,1410,1436]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Schizoneura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="98" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lanigera">
<emphasis id="B95BEAEE4279FFDDF2F2B6E1FC1F0888" box="[659,899,1410,1436]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">Schizoneura lanigera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[
<emphasis id="B95BEAEE4279FFDDF3F2B6E0FB100888" box="[915,1164,1410,1436]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">
=
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D7F4279FFDDF3C7B6E0FB100888" ID-CoL="8P7MY" baseAuthorityName="Hausmann" baseAuthorityYear="1802" box="[934,1164,1410,1436]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Eriosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="98" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lanigerum">Eriosoma lanigerum</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
] (
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B0D4279FFDDF4C5B6E1FAFB0888" author="Hausmann, F." box="[1188,1383,1410,1436]" pageId="9" pageNumber="98" pagination="426 - 445" refId="ref17658" refString="Hausmann, F. (1802) XIV. Beitrage zu den Materialien fur eine kunftige Bearbeitung der Gattung der Blattlause. In: Illiger, J. K. W. (Ed.), Magazin fur Insektenkunde. Erster Band. K. Reichard, Braunschweig, pp. 426 - 445." type="book chapter" year="1802">Hausmann, 1802</bibRefCitation>
), are
<specimenCount id="9D29FD754279FFDDF0F6B6C5FEA308D4" box="[151,319,1446,1472]" count="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="98" type="generic">two specimens</specimenCount>
pointed on separate pins. The first of these (1039) was collected
<date id="FF91103C4279FFDDF450B6C5FB5008D4" box="[1073,1228,1446,1472]" pageId="9" pageNumber="98" value="1833-07-17">July 17, 1833</date>
from an elm gall. Hartig refers to this as “
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D7F4279FFDDF1C2B6A9FD9B08F0" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[419,519,1482,1508]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Chermes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="98" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95BEAEE4279FFDDF1C2B6A9FD9B08F0" box="[419,519,1482,1508]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">Chermes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
” in his journal entry. The second pin and the gall are unlabelled.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9036FC4279FFDDF0A6B68DFE160BF4" blockId="9.[151,1437,1265,1940]" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">
<emphasis id="B95BEAEE4279FFDDF0A6B68DFEA70B1C" bold="true" box="[199,315,1518,1544]" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">Remarks.</emphasis>
Specimens 1532 and 1741 are larger in size compared to the remaining specimens, and unlike the latter, or at least specimen 1039, were not clearly associated with elm at the time of collection.Also, while the wings of specimen 1532 are disfigured, those of specimen 1741 have venation that is inconsistent with
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D7F4279FFDDF48DB554FE030B60" authority="(Hartig, 1839)" baseAuthorityName="Hartig" baseAuthorityYear="1839" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Eriosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="98" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lanuginosum">
<emphasis id="B95BEAEE4279FFDDF48DB554FF6A0B60" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">Eriosoma lanuginosum</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B0D4279FFDDF167B539FE0B0B60" author="Hartig, T." box="[262,407,1626,1652]" pageId="9" pageNumber="98" refId="ref17508" refString="Hartig, T. (1839) Jahresberichte uber die Fortschritte der Forstwissenschaft und forstlichen Naturkunde im Jahre 1836 und 1837 nebst Original-Abhandlungen aus dem Gebiete dieser Wissenschaften. A. Forstner, Berlin, 646 pp." type="book" year="1839">Hartig, 1839</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. Its forewings have unbranched medial veins and its hindwings have transverse veins that arise very close together and do not resemble Hartigs own illustrations (
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B0D4279FFDDF3DDB51DFBDA0B8C" author="Hartig, T." box="[956,1094,1662,1688]" pageId="9" pageNumber="98" pagination="359 - 376" refId="ref17546" refString="Hartig, T. (1841) IX. Versuch einer Eintheilung der Pflanzenlause (Phytophthires Burm.) nach der Flugelbildung. Zeitschrift fur die Entomologie, 3, 359 - 376." type="journal article" year="1841">Hartig 1841</bibRefCitation>
, Fig. 24). Instead, it appears to be a species of
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D7F4279FFDDF125B5C1FE5A0BA8" authorityName="Koch" authorityYear="1857" box="[324,454,1698,1724]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Prociphilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="98" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95BEAEE4279FFDDF125B5C1FE5A0BA8" box="[324,454,1698,1724]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">Prociphilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Thus, these
<specimenCount id="9D29FD754279FFDDF23DB5C1FC9E0BA8" box="[604,770,1698,1724]" count="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="98" type="generic">two specimens</specimenCount>
may not correspond to the
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D7F4279FFDDF459B5C1FF530BF4" authority="Hartig, 1839" authorityName="Hartig" authorityYear="1839" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Schizoneura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="98" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lanuginosa">
<emphasis id="B95BEAEE4279FFDDF459B5C1FADA0BA8" box="[1080,1350,1698,1724]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">Schizoneura lanuginosa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B0D4279FFDDF52FB5C1FF530BF4" author="Hartig, T." pageId="9" pageNumber="98" refId="ref17508" refString="Hartig, T. (1839) Jahresberichte uber die Fortschritte der Forstwissenschaft und forstlichen Naturkunde im Jahre 1836 und 1837 nebst Original-Abhandlungen aus dem Gebiete dieser Wissenschaften. A. Forstner, Berlin, 646 pp." type="book" year="1839">Hartig, 1839</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
<typeStatus id="5494885E4279FFDDF0B7B5A5FE9A0BF4" box="[214,262,1734,1760]" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">type</typeStatus>
specimens.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9036FC4279FFDDF0A6B589FA1B0A80" blockId="9.[151,1437,1265,1940]" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">
Whether the six additional specimens belong to Hartigs
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D7F4279FFDDF32AB589FC780A10" authorityName="Hartig" authorityYear="1839" box="[843,996,1770,1796]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Schizoneura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="98" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lanuginosa">
<emphasis id="B95BEAEE4279FFDDF32AB589FC780A10" box="[843,996,1770,1796]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">S. lanuginosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
series or to his
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D7F4279FFDDF4FAB589FA8A0A10" box="[1179,1302,1770,1796]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Schizoneura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="98" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lanigera">
<emphasis id="B95BEAEE4279FFDDF4FAB589FA8A0A10" box="[1179,1302,1770,1796]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">S. lanigera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is to be determined. Their order within the Schmitt box suggests the former despite the handwritten
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D7F4279FFDDF4E3B46DFB610A3C" box="[1154,1277,1806,1832]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Schizoneura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="98" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lanigera">
<emphasis id="B95BEAEE4279FFDDF4E3B46DFB610A3C" box="[1154,1277,1806,1832]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">S. lanigera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
label. At least one of these (1039) was collected from elm, the host of
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D7F4279FFDDF368B450FC380A58" authorityName="Hartig" authorityYear="1839" box="[777,932,1842,1868]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Schizoneura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="98" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lanuginosa">
<emphasis id="B95BEAEE4279FFDDF368B450FC380A58" box="[777,932,1842,1868]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">E. lanuginosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and the gall pinned nearest to this specimen resembles an
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D7F4279FFDDF150B434FE510A64" authorityName="Hartig" authorityYear="1839" box="[305,461,1878,1904]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Schizoneura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="98" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lanuginosa">
<emphasis id="B95BEAEE4279FFDDF150B434FE510A64" box="[305,461,1878,1904]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">E. lanuginosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
gall. If they instead correspond to Hartigs
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D7F4279FFDDF3DAB435FBAB0A64" box="[955,1079,1878,1904]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Schizoneura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="98" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lanigera">
<emphasis id="B95BEAEE4279FFDDF3DAB435FBAB0A64" box="[955,1079,1878,1904]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">S. lanigera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
series, the host record does not agree since this species has not been recorded from elm in Europe and
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B0D4279FFDDF3D0B419FBD60A80" author="Hartig, T." box="[945,1098,1914,1940]" pageId="9" pageNumber="98" pagination="359 - 376" refId="ref17546" refString="Hartig, T. (1841) IX. Versuch einer Eintheilung der Pflanzenlause (Phytophthires Burm.) nach der Flugelbildung. Zeitschrift fur die Entomologie, 3, 359 - 376." type="journal article" year="1841">Hartig (1841)</bibRefCitation>
only listed apple as its host.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>