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<document id="5419AF4D399B5992FB4802C53CE8B6B0" ID-CLB-Dataset="27674" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4545.4.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="7752c97e-c9bc-49c3-b1dd-0db7992b3e6c" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="2618301" ID-ZooBank="B0910D8D-E387-4BDB-941F-40D06CBBBAD0" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1553929473018" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Chatterjee, Tapas, Priyalakshmi, Geetha &amp; Todaro, M. Antonio" docDate="2019" docId="038087C7FFABFF83BAC7554A64C715E2" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4544.2.3.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4545 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Urodasys viviparus Wilke 1954" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="499" masterDocId="FFB9FFBFFFAFFF86BA50534960051537" masterDocTitle="An annotated checklist of the macrodasyidan Gastrotricha from India" masterLastPageNumber="510" masterPageNumber="495" pageNumber="499" updateTime="1698715661931" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="3E74EB34CD831E940D880A794209DB0A">An annotated checklist of the macrodasyidan Gastrotricha from India</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="CD75BE7D414A16813A99658CFFAEFB61">Chatterjee, Tapas</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="038087C7FFABFF83BAC7554A64C715E2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5943783" ID-GBIF-Taxon="154530286" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5943783" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038087C7FFABFF83BAC7554A64C715E2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038087C7FFABFF83BAC7554A64C715E2" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="499" pageId="4" pageNumber="499">
<subSubSection id="C333655AFFABFF82BAC7554A63B313F9" pageId="4" pageNumber="499" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B9636D1FFABFF82BAC7554A621D132A" blockId="4.[151,536,1539,1565]" box="[151,536,1539,1565]" pageId="4" pageNumber="499">
<heading id="D0DE81BDFFABFF82BAC7554A621D132A" bold="true" box="[151,536,1539,1565]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="499" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C294D52FFABFF82BAC7554A621D132A" ID-CoL="7DSX8" authority="Wilke, 1954" authorityName="Wilke" authorityYear="1954" box="[151,536,1539,1565]" family="Macrodasyidae" genus="Urodasys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macrodasyida" pageId="4" pageNumber="499" phylum="Gastrotricha" rank="species" species="viviparus">
<emphasis id="B95DEAC3FFABFF82BAC7554A621D132A" bold="true" box="[151,536,1539,1565]" pageId="4" pageNumber="499">
<emphasis id="B95DEAC3FFABFF82BAC7554A6179132A" bold="true" box="[151,380,1539,1565]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="499">Urodasys viviparus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B20FFABFF82BBD4554A621D132A" author="Wilke, U." box="[388,536,1539,1565]" pageId="4" pageNumber="499" pagination="497 - 550" refId="ref11086" refString="Wilke, U. (1954). Mediterrane Gastrotrichen. Zoologische Jahrbucher. Abteilung fur Systematik, Jena), 82, 497 - 550." type="journal article" year="1954">Wilke, 1954</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9636D1FFABFF82BAC7550063B313F9" blockId="4.[151,1436,1609,2030]" pageId="4" pageNumber="499">
<emphasis id="B95DEAC3FFABFF82BAC75500618D1355" bold="true" box="[151,392,1609,1634]" pageId="4" pageNumber="499">Records from India.</emphasis>
<collectingRegion id="49EDF833FFABFF82BBDF550362971355" box="[399,658,1610,1634]" country="India" name="Andhra Pradesh" pageId="4" pageNumber="499">ANDHRA PRADESH</collectingRegion>
: Visakhapatnam (Waltair)—
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B20FFABFF82B980550064DF1355" author="Ganapati, P. N. &amp; Rao, G. C." box="[976,1242,1609,1634]" pageId="4" pageNumber="499" pagination="214 - 225" refId="ref8338" refString="Ganapati, P. N. &amp; Rao, G. C. (1967) On some marine interstitial gastrotrichs from the beach sands of Waltair coast. Proceeding of Indian Academy of Sciences, 66 B, 214 - 225." type="journal article" year="1967">Ganapati &amp; Rao (1967)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B20FFABFF82BEB6550360F413B1" author="Rao, G. C. &amp; Ganapati, P. N." pageId="4" pageNumber="499" pagination="35 - 53" refId="ref9894" refString="Rao, G. C. &amp; Ganapati, P. N. (1968 a) Some new interstitial gastrotrichs from beach sand of Waltair coast. Proceeding of Indian Academy of Sciences, 67 b, 35 - 53." type="journal article" year="1968">Rao &amp; Ganapati (1968a)</bibRefCitation>
;
<collectingRegion id="49EDF833FFABFF82BAAD5527616213B1" box="[253,359,1646,1670]" country="India" name="Odisha" pageId="4" pageNumber="499">ODISHA</collectingRegion>
(
<collectingRegion id="49EDF833FFABFF82BB27552461C013B1" box="[375,453,1645,1670]" country="India" name="Odisha" pageId="4" pageNumber="499">Orissa</collectingRegion>
): Puri—Rao (1989); ANDAMAN &amp;
<collectingCountry id="F33E7641FFABFF82B93B5527646913B1" box="[875,1132,1646,1670]" name="India" pageId="4" pageNumber="499">NICOBAR ISLANDS</collectingCountry>
: Mayabandar—Rao (1975, 1980b); LAKSHASDWEEP: Agatti, Bangaram—Rao (1991);
<collectingRegion id="49EDF833FFABFF82B92B55DB644E139D" box="[891,1099,1682,1706]" country="India" name="West Bengal" pageId="4" pageNumber="499">WEST BENGAL</collectingRegion>
: Medinipur—Sanyal (2012); GENERAL RECORD—Rao (1972),
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B20FFABFF82B86B55FC632113F9" author="Naidu, K. V. &amp; Rao, G. C." box="[571,804,1717,1742]" pageId="4" pageNumber="499" pagination="169" refId="ref9261" refString="Naidu, K. V. &amp; Rao, G. C. (2004) Gastrotricha. In: Fauna of India and the adjacent countries. Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata, pp. 169." type="book chapter" year="2004">Naidu &amp; Rao (2004)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B20FFABFF82B96055FF63B713F9" author="Rao, D. V. S." box="[816,946,1717,1742]" pageId="4" pageNumber="499" pagination="117 - 146" refId="ref9400" refString="Rao, D. V. S. (2005) Comprehensive review of the records of the biota of the Indian sea and introduction of non-indigenous species. Aquatic conservation: Marine and Freshwater ecosystems, 15, 117 - 146. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / aqc. 659" type="journal article" year="2005">Rao (2005)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C333655AFFABFF82BA97559061751221" pageId="4" pageNumber="499" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9636D1FFABFF82BA97559061751221" blockId="4.[151,1436,1609,2030]" pageId="4" pageNumber="499">
<emphasis id="B95DEAC3FFABFF82BA975590623C13C5" bold="true" box="[199,569,1753,1778]" pageId="4" pageNumber="499">Habitat (as in Indian records).</emphasis>
Coarse sand with fine shell gravel and a little detritus in the intertidal zone near half tide level.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C333655AFFABFF82BA97546861851291" pageId="4" pageNumber="499" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B9636D1FFABFF82BA97546861851291" blockId="4.[151,1436,1609,2030]" pageId="4" pageNumber="499">
<emphasis id="B95DEAC3FFABFF82BA9754686165120D" bold="true" box="[199,352,1825,1850]" pageId="4" pageNumber="499">Distribution.</emphasis>
Widespread species, recorded from numerous areas and localities outside the
<typeStatus id="54928873FFABFF82BE8D546B6508120D" box="[1245,1293,1826,1850]" pageId="4" pageNumber="499">type</typeStatus>
locality (off Castel dellOvo, Naples,
<collectingCountry id="F33E7641FFABFF82BBEB540C61F61269" box="[443,499,1861,1886]" name="Italy" pageId="4" pageNumber="499">Italy</collectingCountry>
); these include West and East Mediterranean Sea, North Europe, British Islands,
<collectingCountry id="F33E7641FFABFF82BAC75420610412B5" box="[151,257,1897,1922]" name="Bermuda" pageId="4" pageNumber="499">Bermuda</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F33E7641FFABFF82BB5C5423614112B5" box="[268,324,1898,1922]" name="United States of America" pageId="4" pageNumber="499">USA</collectingCountry>
(Atlantic and Gulf coasts of
<collectingRegion id="49EDF833FFABFF82B8DB542062E512B5" box="[651,736,1897,1922]" country="United States of America" name="Florida" pageId="4" pageNumber="499">Florida</collectingRegion>
), Caribbean Sea,
<collectingCountry id="F33E7641FFABFF82B9F4542063EE12B5" box="[932,1003,1897,1922]" name="Brazil" pageId="4" pageNumber="499">Brazil</collectingCountry>
, Red Sea,
<collectingCountry id="F33E7641FFABFF82BE32542064C812B5" box="[1122,1229,1897,1922]" name="Maldives" pageId="4" pageNumber="499">Maldives</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F33E7641FFABFF82BE895420653012B5" box="[1241,1333,1897,1922]" name="Somalia" pageId="4" pageNumber="499">Somalia</collectingCountry>
(as
<emphasis id="B95DEAC3FFABFF82BF345423657A12B6" box="[1380,1407,1898,1921]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="499">U.</emphasis>
cf
<taxonomicName id="4C294D52FFABFF82BAC754C760FA1292" authorityName="Wilke" authorityYear="1954" box="[151,255,1934,1957]" family="Macrodasyidae" genus="Urodasys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macrodasyida" pageId="4" pageNumber="499" phylum="Gastrotricha" rank="species" species="viviparus">
<emphasis id="B95DEAC3FFABFF82BAC754C760FA1292" box="[151,255,1934,1957]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="499">viviparus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and
<collectingCountry id="F33E7641FFABFF82BB6F54C461791291" box="[319,380,1933,1958]" name="India" pageId="4" pageNumber="499">India</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C333655AFFABFF83BA9754F864C715E2" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="500" pageId="4" pageNumber="499" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B9636D1FFABFF83BA9754F864C715E2" blockId="4.[151,1436,1609,2030]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1436,151,213]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="500" pageId="4" pageNumber="499">
<emphasis id="B95DEAC3FFABFF82BA9754F8613E12FD" bold="true" box="[199,315,1969,1994]" pageId="4" pageNumber="499">Remarks.</emphasis>
The species has been found at different depths (from littoral to
<quantity id="4CD19B34FFABFF82BE4654FB645412FD" box="[1046,1105,1970,1994]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" pageId="4" pageNumber="499" unit="m" value="33.0">33 m</quantity>
) and in sediments of various grain size in general rich in organic detritus. A recent phylogenetic analysis of the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C294D52FFABFF82BEFB549C651012D9" authorityName="Remane" authorityYear="1926" box="[1195,1301,2005,2030]" family="Macrodasyidae" genus="Urodasys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macrodasyida" pageId="4" pageNumber="499" phylum="Gastrotricha" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95DEAC3FFABFF82BEFB549C651012D9" box="[1195,1301,2005,2030]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="499">Urodasys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
based on a molecular genetic data found specimens of
<taxonomicName id="4C294D52FFAAFF83B82D53D063021587" authorityName="Wilke" authorityYear="1954" box="[637,775,153,176]" family="Macrodasyidae" genus="Urodasys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macrodasyida" pageId="5" pageNumber="500" phylum="Gastrotricha" rank="species" species="viviparus">
<emphasis id="B95DEAC3FFAAFF83B82D53D063021587" box="[637,775,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="500">U. viviparus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from geographic distant populations (e.g.,
<collectingCountry id="F33E7641FFAAFF83BEBA53D165991587" box="[1258,1436,151,176]" name="Cayman Islands" pageId="5" pageNumber="500">Cayman islands</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="F33E7641FFAAFF83BA9653F5610915E2" box="[198,268,188,213]" name="Brazil" pageId="5" pageNumber="500">Brazil</collectingCountry>
) clustering together, testifying to their common origin (Atherton &amp;
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B20FFAAFF83BE5553F564B315E2" author="Kieneke, A. &amp; Schmidt-Rhaesa, A. &amp; Hochberg, R." box="[1029,1206,188,213]" pageId="5" pageNumber="500" pagination="367 - 385" refId="ref8937" refString="Kieneke, A., Schmidt-Rhaesa, A. &amp; Hochberg, R. (2015) A new species of Cephalodasys (Gastrotricha, Macrodasyida) from the Caribbean Sea with a determination key to species of the genus. Zootaxa, 3947 (3), 367 - 385. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3947.3.4" type="journal article" year="2015">Hochberg 2015</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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