427 lines
60 KiB
XML
427 lines
60 KiB
XML
<document id="7BBCCA3B3BF3D45C971BE8BEF91960B5" ID-DOI="10.1080/00222933.2012.708452" ID-ISSN="1464-5262" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4590828" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1615293597861" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Kramer, Bernd, Bills, Roger, Skelton, Paul & Wink, Michael" docDate="2012" docId="038087B4FFD8FFAAA3B7FA88621537FC" docLanguage="en" docName="JNATHIST.46.35-36.2179-2258.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Natural History 46 (35 - 36)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2012.708452" docStyle="DocumentStyle:DE8A86AD4006EFA56F95B2AAEFBF2813.5:JNatHist.2008-2012.journal_article.2cover" docStyleId="DE8A86AD4006EFA56F95B2AAEFBF2813" docStyleName="JNatHist.2008-2012.journal_article.2cover" docStyleVersion="5" docTitle="Petrocephalus catostoma" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="2235" masterDocId="FFB9FFCCFFE0FF90A279FFDA6003327D" masterDocTitle="A critical revision of the churchill snoutfish, genus Petrocephalus Marcusen, 1854 (Actinopterygii: Teleostei: Mormyridae), from southern and eastern Africa, with the recognition of Petrocephalus tanensis, and the description of five new species" masterLastPageNumber="2258" masterPageNumber="2179" pageNumber="2233" updateTime="1698882054463" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="EADE496789EA5CF4D429F991C30734CB">A critical revision of the churchill snoutfish, genus Petrocephalus Marcusen, 1854 (Actinopterygii: Teleostei: Mormyridae), from southern and eastern Africa, with the recognition of Petrocephalus tanensis, and the description of five new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="EC0721ABDEF4892D0437A479BF875C31">Kramer, Bernd</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="5C1C6AC288F6D66FC33B5A0ECBFB0948">Bills, Roger</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="D07BE1473D64031B5E5415846B0BD3D1">Skelton, Paul</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="93A138CEA6835291372AC53267ADEC63">Wink, Michael</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="6F321E27A5840E42E499EEF5DEE05C95">Journal of Natural History</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="A552179F240DF89D8D9E24FAC58B4057">2012</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="4305829DA99BF7BFF0582D91AE644835">2012-09-30</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="E92CB03B9C1E2BCBB1A60713C875AF7B">35 - 36</mods:number>
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<paragraph id="8B9636A2FFD8FFA8A3B7FA88639A3716" blockId="56.[462,921,1362,1419]" box="[462,921,1362,1387]" pageId="56" pageNumber="2233">
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<heading id="D0DE81CEFFD8FFA8A3B7FA88639A3716" box="[462,921,1362,1387]" centered="true" fontSize="36" level="2" pageId="56" pageNumber="2233" reason="7">
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<taxonomicName id="4C294D21FFD8FFA8A3B7FA88639A3716" ID-CoL="4FDWY" authority="(Gunther, 1866)" baseAuthorityName="Gunther" baseAuthorityYear="1866" box="[462,921,1362,1387]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Mormyridae" genus="Petrocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="56" pageNumber="2233" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="catostoma">
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<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFD8FFA8A3B7FA8862DC3716" bold="true" box="[462,735,1362,1387]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="2233">Petrocephalus catostoma</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B53FFD8FFA8A097FA8963923716" author="Gunther A" box="[750,913,1363,1387]" pageId="56" pageNumber="2233" refId="ref44577" refString="Gunther A. 1866. Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum, vol. 6: Physostomi. London." type="book" year="1866">Günther, 1866</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C3336529FFD8FFA8A39FFAA9638237F6" box="[486,897,1395,1419]" pageId="56" pageNumber="2233" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B9636A2FFD8FFA8A39FFAA9638237F6" blockId="56.[462,921,1362,1419]" box="[486,897,1395,1419]" pageId="56" pageNumber="2233">
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(
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<figureCitation id="13122A27FFD8FFA8A397FAA9625337F6" box="[494,592,1395,1419]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="5.[143,210,1254,1276]" captionText="Figure 2(A–D). Photographs of members of southern and eastern African Petrocephalus species studied (numbers refer to localities given in Figures 1, 6 and 9). (1) P. catostoma (Günther, 1866), Lectotype, BMNH 1863.10.12.4, right side, SL 4.7 cm. (2) P. stuhlmanni Boulenger, 1909, holotype, BMNH 1907.12.3.1, SL 7.9 cm. (3) P. wesselsi Kramer and Van der Bank, 2000, right side, SL 9.7 cm, SAIAB 85922 (R1). (7) P. longicapitis sp. nov., SMF 28265 (R1), SL 9 cm. (9) P. okavangensis sp. nov., holotype, SAIAB 030046, right side, SL 6.1 cm. (10) P. catostoma tanensis Whitehead and Greenwood, 1959, holotype, BMNH 1963.11.29.1, right side, SL 6.7 cm. (10a) P. tanensis, field no. Ta05na, SL 8.7 cm, SAIAB 85907. (12) P. longianalis sp. nov., holotype, SL 8.2 cm, right side, SAIAB 76758. (21) P. petersi sp. nov., holotype, SAIAB 060846, right side, SL 6.4 cm. (23) P. magnoculis sp. nov., SL 8.9 cm, ZSM 38659. (24) P. haullevillii Boulenger, 1912, BMNH 1912.4.1.186–188 (R1), right side, SL 5.7 cm. (25) P. steindachneri Fowler 1958, syntype, NMW 55118:3, right side, SL 6.4 cm. (26) P. stuhlmanni congicus David and Poll, 1937, syntype, MRAC 30807-30808, SL 7.8 cm. (27) P. degeni Boulenger, 1906, BMNH 1906.5.30.84, right side, SL 8.12 cm. (28) P. catostoma, SAIAB 73894 (R1), right side, SL 6.4 cm. (31) P. magnitrunci sp. nov., SL 8.5 cm, SAIAB 67069 (R5, right side), see map Figure 6. Scale bar, 1 cm." pageId="56" pageNumber="2233">Figure 2</figureCitation>
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, nos 1, 28; online
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<figureCitation id="13122A27FFD8FFA8A160FAA9637537F6" box="[793,886,1395,1419]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="3.[143,210,1068,1090]" captionTargetBox="[142,1102,169,1035]" captionTargetId="graphics-5@3.[143,1101,169,1034]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 1. Map of southern Africa indicating the origin of samples of the Petrocephalus species studied. (1) Rovuma (Ruvuma) River, type locality for P. catostoma (Günther 1866) [BMNH 1863.10.12.4]; (2) Ruvu (Kingani) River, type locality for P. stuhlmanni Boulenger 1909 [BMNH 1907.12.3.1]; (3) Sabie River, type locality for P. wesselsi Kramer and Van der Bank 2000 [ZSM 28554 to ZSM 28566, SAIAB 054449]; (4) Groot Letaba River, Limpopo System [SAIAB 85920]; (5) Blyde River, Limpopo System [SAIAB 85923]; (6) Pongola River [SAIAB 85919] (7) Upper Zambezi River near Katima Mulilo, type locality for P. longicapitis sp. nov. [SAIAB 85916]; (8) Kwando River [ZSM 38658]; (9) Okavango Delta, Nguma Lagoon, type locality for P. okavangensis sp. nov. [SAIAB 030046]; (10) Tana River, type locality for P. catostoma tanensis Whitehead and Greenwood, 1959, here recognized as P. tanensis (Whitehead and Greenwood, 1959) [SAIAB 85907]; (11) Lake Rukwa [SAIAB 059515]; (12) Lufubu River, Luapula River system, P. longianalis sp. nov. [SAIAB 76758]; (13) East Lungu River, Kafue/Zambezi River system [SAIAB 040074]; (14) East Lumwana River, Zambezi system [SAIAB 041208]; (15) Mwekera Stream, Kafue/Zambezi River system [SAIAB 042559]; (16) Kapesha River, Lake Malawi [SAIAB 039328]; (17) Dwangwa River, Lake Malawi [specimen SAIAB 050065]; (18) Kaombe River, Lake Malawi [SAIAB 050155]; (19) Lake Chiuta [SAIAB 039264]; (20) Mulela River [SAIAB 055875]; (21) Zambezi River Delta, type locality for P. petersi sp. nov. [SAIAB 060846]; (22) Mbuluzi River, Swaziland [SAIAB 067228]; (23) Cunene River, type locality for P. magnoculis sp. nov. [SAIAB 78788]; (24) Lukula River, type locality for P. haullevillii Boulenger 1912 [BMNH 1912.4.1.186-188]; (25) Rufiji basin, type locality for P. steindachneri Fowler 1958 [NMW 551181]; (26) Mukishi on Lomami River (Congo River basin), type locality for" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4590830" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4590830/files/figure.png" pageId="56" pageNumber="2233">Figure 1</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C3336529FFD8FFA8A2AAFA6E64193477" pageId="56" pageNumber="2233" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8B9636A2FFD8FFA8A2AAFA6E62A637B7" blockId="56.[211,1050,1458,1547]" box="[211,677,1458,1483]" pageId="56" pageNumber="2233">
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<treatmentCitation id="0A8810B3FFD8FFA8A2AAFA6E62A237B7" author="Gunther A" box="[211,673,1458,1483]" page="222" pageId="56" pageNumber="2233" year="1866">
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<taxonomicName id="4C294D21FFD8FFA8A2AAFA6E62A237B7" ID-CoL="6RRBX" authority="Gunther, 1866: 222" authorityName="Gunther" authorityPageNumber="222" authorityYear="1866" box="[211,673,1458,1483]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Mormyridae" genus="Mormyrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="56" pageNumber="2233" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="catostoma">
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<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFD8FFA8A2AAFA6E61BC37B6" box="[211,447,1460,1483]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="2233">Mormyrus catostoma</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B53FFD8FFA8A3BFFA6862A237B7" author="Gunther A" box="[454,673,1458,1482]" pageId="56" pageNumber="2233" refId="ref44577" refString="Gunther A. 1866. Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum, vol. 6: Physostomi. London." type="book" year="1866">Günther, 1866: 222</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9636A2FFD8FFA8A2AAFA0962DC3797" blockId="56.[211,1050,1458,1547]" box="[211,735,1490,1515]" pageId="56" pageNumber="2233">
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<treatmentCitation id="0A8810B3FFD8FFA8A2AAFA0962D83797" author="Boulenger GA" box="[211,731,1490,1515]" page="790" pageId="56" pageNumber="2233" year="1898">
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<taxonomicName id="4C294D21FFD8FFA8A2AAFA0962D83797" ID-CoL="4FDWY" authority=": Boulenger 1898: 790" authorityName=": Boulenger" authorityPageNumber="790" authorityYear="1898" box="[211,731,1490,1515]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Mormyridae" genus="Petrocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="56" pageNumber="2233" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="catostoma">
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<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFD8FFA8A2AAFA0961E73797" box="[211,484,1491,1515]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="2233">Petrocephalus catostoma</emphasis>
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:
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B53FFD8FFA8A38BFA0862D83797" author="Boulenger GA" box="[498,731,1490,1514]" pageId="56" pageNumber="2233" pagination="775 - 821" refId="ref43976" refString="Boulenger GA. 1898. A revision of the genera and species of the fishes of the family Mormyridae. Proc Zool Soc Lond. 1898: 775 - 821." type="journal article" year="1898">Boulenger 1898: 790</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9636A2FFD8FFA8A2AAFA2964193477" blockId="56.[211,1050,1458,1547]" box="[211,1050,1522,1547]" pageId="56" pageNumber="2233">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB39118CFFD8FFA8A2AAFA2964193477" box="[211,1050,1522,1547]" pageId="56" pageNumber="2233">
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<treatmentCitation id="0A8810B3FFD8FFA8A2AAFA2964143477" author="Whitehead PJ & Greenwood PH" box="[211,1047,1522,1547]" page="284" pageId="56" pageNumber="2233" year="1959">
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<taxonomicName id="4C294D21FFD8FFA8A2AAFA2964143477" ID-CoL="4FDWY" authority="catostoma: Whitehead and Greenwood 1959: 284" authorityName="Whitehead and Greenwood" authorityPageNumber="284" authorityYear="1959" box="[211,1047,1522,1547]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Mormyridae" genus="Petrocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="56" pageNumber="2233" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="catostoma" subSpecies="catostoma">
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<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFD8FFA8A2AAFA2962673477" box="[211,612,1523,1547]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="2233">Petrocephalus catostoma catostoma:</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B53FFD8FFA8A012FA2864143477" author="Whitehead PJ & Greenwood PH" box="[619,1047,1522,1546]" pageId="56" pageNumber="2233" pagination="283 - 295" refId="ref46804" refString="Whitehead PJ, Greenwood PH. 1959. Mormyrid fishes of the genus Petrocephalus in Eastern Africa, with a redescription of Petrocephalus gliroides (Vinc.). Rev Zool Bot Afr. 60: 283 - 295." type="journal article" year="1959">Whitehead and Greenwood 1959: 284</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3336529FFD8FFA9A2AAF9E9623934E7" lastPageId="57" lastPageNumber="2234" pageId="56" pageNumber="2233" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8B9636A2FFD8FFA8A2AAF9E962043414" blockId="56.[211,1172,1585,1641]" pageId="56" pageNumber="2233">
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<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFD8FFA8A2AAF9E961883437" box="[211,395,1587,1610]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="2233">Type specimens.</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="3B413CFFFFD8FFA8A3EBF9E8642C3434" box="[402,1071,1585,1609]" collectionCode="BMNH" pageId="56" pageNumber="2233" specimenCode="BMNH 1863.10" specimenCount="2" typeStatus="lectotype">
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<specimenCode id="DB8F9ED9FFD8FFA8A3EBF9E862513434" box="[402,594,1585,1609]" collectionCode="BMNH" pageId="56" pageNumber="2233">BMNH 1863.10</specimenCode>
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.12.4 (
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<typeStatus id="54928800FFD8FFA8A0E0F9EB63013434" box="[665,770,1585,1609]" pageId="56" pageNumber="2233" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
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) and four
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||
<typeStatus id="54928800FFD8FFA8A1F2F9EB642C3434" box="[907,1071,1585,1609]" pageId="56" pageNumber="2233" type="paralectotype">paralectotypes</typeStatus>
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</materialsCitation>
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||
<collectionCode id="ED38AE67FFD8FFA8A645F9E864973434" box="[1084,1172,1586,1609]" pageId="56" pageNumber="2233">BMNH</collectionCode>
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||
1863.10.12.5-6 (4) (studied)
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8B9636A2FFD9FFA9A2F6FF72611D32A2" blockId="57.[143,1103,167,223]" pageId="57" pageNumber="2234">
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<materialsCitation id="3B413CFFFFD9FFA9A2F6FF72611A32A2" country="Tanzania" location="Rovuma" municipality="River" pageId="57" pageNumber="2234" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Ruvuma" typeStatus="holotype">
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||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFD9FFA9A2F6FF72612732BD" box="[143,292,168,192]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="2234">
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<typeStatus id="54928800FFD9FFA9A2F6FF7260C632C2" box="[143,197,168,191]" pageId="57" pageNumber="2234">Type</typeStatus>
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locality.
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||
</emphasis>
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<location id="8EF66079FFD9FFA9A352FF72618932C2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038087B4FFD8FFAAA3B7FA88621537FC:8EF66079FFD9FFA9A352FF72618932C2" box="[299,394,168,191]" country="Tanzania" municipality="River" name="Rovuma" pageId="57" pageNumber="2234" stateProvince="Ruvuma">Rovuma</location>
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||
(
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49EDF840FFD9FFA9A3E0FF7D61FF32C2" box="[409,508,167,191]" country="Tanzania" name="Ruvuma" pageId="57" pageNumber="2234">Ruvuma</collectingRegion>
|
||
)
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BF2ACD8FFD9FFA9A072FF7D624932C2" box="[523,586,167,191]" pageId="57" pageNumber="2234">River</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33E7632FFD9FFA9A02CFF7D62BE32C2" box="[597,701,167,191]" name="Tanzania" pageId="57" pageNumber="2234">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFD9FFA9A0C4FF7262CA32BD" box="[701,713,168,192]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="2234">/</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33E7632FFD9FFA9A0B0FF7D636332C2" box="[713,864,167,191]" name="Mozambique" pageId="57" pageNumber="2234">Mozambique</collectingCountry>
|
||
(lower reaches, place unspecified)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9636A2FFD9FFA9A2F6FECB63C2339A" blockId="57.[143,1103,272,487]" pageId="57" pageNumber="2234">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFD9FFA9A2F6FECB61003355" box="[143,259,273,296]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="2234">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B413CFFFFD9FFA9A373FECA63BE339A" collectionCode="PAL, BD" latitude="0.249" longLatPrecision="78" longitude="-0.291" pageId="57" pageNumber="2234" specimenCount="1">
|
||
Preanal length,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED38AE67FFD9FFA9A3C1FECA61EC3355" box="[440,495,272,296]" country="Italy" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15292" name="Herbarium Mediterraneum Panormitanum" pageId="57" pageNumber="2234" type="Herbarium">PAL</collectionCode>
|
||
, mean 0.625 (range
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1D5065FFD9FFA9A0B3FECA63043355" box="[714,775,272,296]" degrees="0.602" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="57" pageNumber="2234" precision="55" value="0.602">0.602</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1D5065FFD9FFA9A17EFECA63513355" box="[775,850,272,296]" degrees="0.656" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="57" pageNumber="2234" precision="55" value="-0.656">–0.656</geoCoordinate>
|
||
) of SL; length of snout to posterior orbital rim of eye, LSo, mean 0.423 (range
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1D5065FFD9FFA9A175FEEA634B3335" box="[780,840,304,328]" degrees="0.398" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="57" pageNumber="2234" precision="55" value="0.398">0.398</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1D5065FFD9FFA9A130FEEA63973335" box="[841,916,304,328]" degrees="0.454" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="57" pageNumber="2234" precision="55" value="-0.454">–0.454</geoCoordinate>
|
||
) of head length, HL; head length, HL, mean 17.43 (range 16.07–23.21) times Na, distance between the pair of nares of one side; body depth,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED38AE67FFD9FFA9A01EFEAB629333F5" box="[615,656,369,392]" pageId="57" pageNumber="2234">BD</collectionCode>
|
||
, mean 0.274 (range
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1D5065FFD9FFA9A10AFEAA63B333F5" box="[883,944,368,392]" degrees="0.252" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="57" pageNumber="2234" precision="55" value="0.252">0.252</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1D5065FFD9FFA9A1C9FEAA63F833F5" box="[944,1019,368,392]" degrees="0.306" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="57" pageNumber="2234" precision="55" value="-0.306">–0.306</geoCoordinate>
|
||
) of SL; number of dorsal fin rays, nD, median 20 (range 18–22); number of anal fin rays, nA, median 27 (range 25–29); head length, HL, mean 0.277 (range
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1D5065FFD9FFA9A117FE7563AF33BA" box="[878,940,431,455]" degrees="0.249" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="57" pageNumber="2234" precision="55" value="0.249">0.249</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1D5065FFD9FFA9A1D2FE7563F633BA" box="[939,1013,431,455]" degrees="0.291" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="57" pageNumber="2234" precision="55" value="-0.291">–0.291</geoCoordinate>
|
||
) of SL; number of scales around caudal peduncle, SPc, median 14 (range 12–16)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9636A2FFD9FFA9A2F6FDC363CE3673" blockId="57.[143,1104,536,1038]" pageId="57" pageNumber="2234">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFD9FFA9A2F6FDC36115304D" box="[143,278,537,560]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="2234">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
Body oval shape (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13122A27FFD9FFA9A39EFDC26249304D" box="[487,586,536,560]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="5.[143,210,1254,1276]" captionText="Figure 2(A–D). Photographs of members of southern and eastern African Petrocephalus species studied (numbers refer to localities given in Figures 1, 6 and 9). (1) P. catostoma (Günther, 1866), Lectotype, BMNH 1863.10.12.4, right side, SL 4.7 cm. (2) P. stuhlmanni Boulenger, 1909, holotype, BMNH 1907.12.3.1, SL 7.9 cm. (3) P. wesselsi Kramer and Van der Bank, 2000, right side, SL 9.7 cm, SAIAB 85922 (R1). (7) P. longicapitis sp. nov., SMF 28265 (R1), SL 9 cm. (9) P. okavangensis sp. nov., holotype, SAIAB 030046, right side, SL 6.1 cm. (10) P. catostoma tanensis Whitehead and Greenwood, 1959, holotype, BMNH 1963.11.29.1, right side, SL 6.7 cm. (10a) P. tanensis, field no. Ta05na, SL 8.7 cm, SAIAB 85907. (12) P. longianalis sp. nov., holotype, SL 8.2 cm, right side, SAIAB 76758. (21) P. petersi sp. nov., holotype, SAIAB 060846, right side, SL 6.4 cm. (23) P. magnoculis sp. nov., SL 8.9 cm, ZSM 38659. (24) P. haullevillii Boulenger, 1912, BMNH 1912.4.1.186–188 (R1), right side, SL 5.7 cm. (25) P. steindachneri Fowler 1958, syntype, NMW 55118:3, right side, SL 6.4 cm. (26) P. stuhlmanni congicus David and Poll, 1937, syntype, MRAC 30807-30808, SL 7.8 cm. (27) P. degeni Boulenger, 1906, BMNH 1906.5.30.84, right side, SL 8.12 cm. (28) P. catostoma, SAIAB 73894 (R1), right side, SL 6.4 cm. (31) P. magnitrunci sp. nov., SL 8.5 cm, SAIAB 67069 (R5, right side), see map Figure 6. Scale bar, 1 cm." pageId="57" pageNumber="2234">Figure 2</figureCitation>
|
||
, nos 1 and 28). Head broadly rounded with a small ventrally positioned subterminal mouth, situated ventral to the eye; head and body dorsolaterally compressed. Dorsal fin (a) origin situated about two-thirds of standard length from snout, (b) obliquely orientated, anteriorly higher and posteriorly lower, (c) distal margin crescentic with anterior two or three rays longer than posterior rays, and (d) number of rays 18 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFD9FFA9A384FD63620930AD" box="[509,522,697,720]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="2234">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 1), 19 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFD9FFA9A002FD63628B30AD" box="[635,648,697,720]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="2234">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 8), 20 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFD9FFA9A080FD63630530AD" box="[761,774,697,720]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="2234">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 17), 21 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFD9FFA9A1FDFD63639230AD" box="[900,913,697,720]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="2234">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 8), 22 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFD9FFA9A67BFD63640C30AD" box="[1026,1039,697,720]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="2234">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 1). Anal fin (a) longer than dorsal fin, (b) opposite dorsal fin with slightly more anterior origin, (c) obliquely orientated, anteriorly lower and posteriorly higher, (d) anterior 10 or so rays longer than posterior ones, especially in males where they also appear stronger, (e) margin broadly rounded, (f) rays posterior to first 10 with distal margin straight, (g) number of rays 25 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFD9FFA9A38BFC8261FC3112" box="[498,511,856,879]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="2234">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 3), 26 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFD9FFA9A017FC8262783112" box="[622,635,856,879]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="2234">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 14), 27 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFD9FFA9A081FC8263063112" box="[760,773,856,879]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="2234">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 15), 28 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFD9FFA9A1FBFC82638C3112" box="[898,911,856,879]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="2234">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 3). Forked tail fin with rounded lobes. Scales cycloid with reticulate striae, scales extending anteriorly to operculum and pectoral fins (beyond pelvics). Scales on caudal peduncle circumference, 11 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFD9FFA9A28EFC62610731B2" box="[247,260,952,975]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="2234">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 1), 14 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFD9FFA9A30BFC62617C31B2" box="[370,383,952,975]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="2234">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 25), 16 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFD9FFA9A382FC62620B31B2" box="[507,520,952,975]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="2234">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 9). Caudal peduncle slender, subcylindrical entire length, usually 21% (19.5–23.85%) of SL (
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6AB0319FFD9FFA9A009FC0D62C73192" box="[624,708,983,1007]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="18.[58,113,442,464]" captionText="Table 1. Morphometrics of the southern and eastern African Petrocephalus species." pageId="57" pageNumber="2234">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
). Males with kink in anal fin base which is absent in juveniles and females where the anal fin base is straight.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9636A2FFD9FFA9A2F6FB9A635C362A" blockId="57.[143,863,1087,1112]" box="[143,863,1087,1112]" pageId="57" pageNumber="2234">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFD9FFA9A2F6FB9A6189362A" box="[143,394,1088,1112]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="2234">Colour in preservation.</emphasis>
|
||
Light brown, back darker, underside fair.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9636A2FFD9FFA9A2F6FB52624236BD" blockId="57.[143,1104,1160,1216]" pageId="57" pageNumber="2234">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFD9FFA9A2F6FB52612F36DD" box="[143,300,1160,1184]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="2234">Colour in life.</emphasis>
|
||
Grey-silver, underside lighter, paired fins light and transparent, goldbrownish hue on back and tail section.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9636A2FFD9FFA9A2F6FB2B634437F5" blockId="57.[143,1104,1265,1416]" pageId="57" pageNumber="2234">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFD9FFA9A2F6FB2B60ED3774" box="[143,238,1265,1289]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="2234">Ecology.</emphasis>
|
||
The species is common and widespread throughout upper catchments within the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49EDF840FFD9FFA9A2C0FACB61063754" box="[185,261,1297,1321]" country="Mozambique" name="Niassa" pageId="57" pageNumber="2234">Niassa</collectingRegion>
|
||
Reserve. Occurs in aquatic weed beds, marginal vegetation and root-stocks of bank vegetation in headwater streams through to floodplain margins. Water conductivities ranging from 104 to 268 µS
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFD9FFA9A047FA8B62493714" box="[574,586,1361,1385]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="2234">/</emphasis>
|
||
cm in
|
||
<date id="FF971062FFD9FFA9A0F7FA8B631E3714" box="[654,797,1361,1385]" pageId="57" pageNumber="2234" value="2003-08">August 2003</date>
|
||
, probably reflecting human impact (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B53FFD9FFA9A292FAAA615F37F5" author="Bills R" box="[235,348,1392,1416]" pageId="57" pageNumber="2234" pagination="1 - 56" refId="ref43880" refString="Bills R. 2004. A survey of the fishes and fisheries in the Niassa Reserve, Niassa and Cabo Delagado Provinces, Mozambique (10 - 30 / 8 / 2003). Grahamstown (South Africa): SAIAB (unpublished report). p. 1 - 56." type="book chapter" year="2004">Bills 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; personal observation). Online
|
||
<figureCitation id="13122A27FFD9FFA9A0C5FAAA634037F5" box="[700,835,1392,1416]" captionStart-0="Figure 2" captionStart-1="Figure 3" captionStart-2="Figure 4" captionStart-3="Figure 5" captionStartId-0="5.[143,210,1254,1276]" captionStartId-1="10.[211,278,694,716]" captionStartId-2="30.[211,278,1164,1186]" captionStartId-3="31.[143,210,1169,1191]" captionTargetBox-1="[210,1171,174,661]" captionTargetBox-2="[211,1171,168,1130]" captionTargetBox-3="[143,1103,169,1136]" captionTargetId-1="graphics-5@10.[233,1170,191,646]" captionTargetId-2="figure-6@30.[211,1171,168,1131]" captionTargetId-3="figure-6@31.[143,1103,169,1136]" captionTargetPageId-1="10" captionTargetPageId-2="30" captionTargetPageId-3="31" captionText-0="Figure 2(A–D). Photographs of members of southern and eastern African Petrocephalus species studied (numbers refer to localities given in Figures 1, 6 and 9). (1) P. catostoma (Günther, 1866), Lectotype, BMNH 1863.10.12.4, right side, SL 4.7 cm. (2) P. stuhlmanni Boulenger, 1909, holotype, BMNH 1907.12.3.1, SL 7.9 cm. (3) P. wesselsi Kramer and Van der Bank, 2000, right side, SL 9.7 cm, SAIAB 85922 (R1). (7) P. longicapitis sp. nov., SMF 28265 (R1), SL 9 cm. (9) P. okavangensis sp. nov., holotype, SAIAB 030046, right side, SL 6.1 cm. (10) P. catostoma tanensis Whitehead and Greenwood, 1959, holotype, BMNH 1963.11.29.1, right side, SL 6.7 cm. (10a) P. tanensis, field no. Ta05na, SL 8.7 cm, SAIAB 85907. (12) P. longianalis sp. nov., holotype, SL 8.2 cm, right side, SAIAB 76758. (21) P. petersi sp. nov., holotype, SAIAB 060846, right side, SL 6.4 cm. (23) P. magnoculis sp. nov., SL 8.9 cm, ZSM 38659. (24) P. haullevillii Boulenger, 1912, BMNH 1912.4.1.186–188 (R1), right side, SL 5.7 cm. (25) P. steindachneri Fowler 1958, syntype, NMW 55118:3, right side, SL 6.4 cm. (26) P. stuhlmanni congicus David and Poll, 1937, syntype, MRAC 30807-30808, SL 7.8 cm. (27) P. degeni Boulenger, 1906, BMNH 1906.5.30.84, right side, SL 8.12 cm. (28) P. catostoma, SAIAB 73894 (R1), right side, SL 6.4 cm. (31) P. magnitrunci sp. nov., SL 8.5 cm, SAIAB 67069 (R5, right side), see map Figure 6. Scale bar, 1 cm." captionText-1="Figure 3. Schematic sketch of how measurements were taken on Petrocephalus sp. For abbreviations, see Material and methods." captionText-2="Figure 4(A–H). Principal component analysis for 13 anatomical characters of Petrocephalus catostoma from Rovuma System (red triangles; n = 35) compared (one by one) with various allopatric Petrocephalus populations (blue squares): (A) with P. tanensis from Tana River (n = 52); (B) P. longicapitis sp. nov. from Upper Zambezi River (n = 38); (C) P. okavangensis sp. nov. from Guma Lagoon, Okavango (n = 45); (D) P. petersi sp. nov. from Lower Zambezi River (n = 11); (E) P. longianalis sp. nov. from Lufubu River (n = 49); (F) P. wesselsi from Incomati System (n = 44); (G) P. magnoculis sp. nov. from Cunene River (n = 9); (H) P. magnitrunci sp. nov. from Boro River (n = 11). (I) compares P. longicapitis sp. nov. from Upper Zambezi River (n = 38, red triangles) with P. magnoculis sp. nov. from the Cunene River (n = 9, blue squares). Prin1, Prin2, for Principal Components 1 and 2." captionText-3="Figure 5. Principal component analysis for anatomy of Petrocephalus okavangensis sp. nov. (red triangles) from (A, B) Guma Lagoon (n = 45) and (C, D) Popa Rapids (n = 36), compared with (A, C) P. longicapitis sp. nov. from Upper Zambezi River (blue squares) and (B, D) P. magnoculis sp. nov. (blue squares). Upper panels, analyses on 13 characters (see Table 3), lower panels, analyses on 17 characters (see Table 1, with HL/Na and LSc/HL excluded).Prin1–Prin3, for Principal Components 1–3." figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4590838" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4590842" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4590844" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/4590838/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/4590842/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/4590844/files/figure.png" pageId="57" pageNumber="2234">Figures 2–5</figureCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9636A2FFD9FFA9A2F6FA6060EE346C" blockId="57.[143,1103,1465,1553]" pageId="57" pageNumber="2234">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFD9FFA9A2F6FA60611F37AF" box="[143,284,1466,1490]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="2234">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Rovuma System including Niassa Reserve (no. 28 on
|
||
<figureCitation id="13122A27FFD9FFA9A1DBFA63640637AC" box="[930,1029,1465,1489]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="3.[143,210,1068,1090]" captionTargetBox="[142,1102,169,1035]" captionTargetId="graphics-5@3.[143,1101,169,1034]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 1. Map of southern Africa indicating the origin of samples of the Petrocephalus species studied. (1) Rovuma (Ruvuma) River, type locality for P. catostoma (Günther 1866) [BMNH 1863.10.12.4]; (2) Ruvu (Kingani) River, type locality for P. stuhlmanni Boulenger 1909 [BMNH 1907.12.3.1]; (3) Sabie River, type locality for P. wesselsi Kramer and Van der Bank 2000 [ZSM 28554 to ZSM 28566, SAIAB 054449]; (4) Groot Letaba River, Limpopo System [SAIAB 85920]; (5) Blyde River, Limpopo System [SAIAB 85923]; (6) Pongola River [SAIAB 85919] (7) Upper Zambezi River near Katima Mulilo, type locality for P. longicapitis sp. nov. [SAIAB 85916]; (8) Kwando River [ZSM 38658]; (9) Okavango Delta, Nguma Lagoon, type locality for P. okavangensis sp. nov. [SAIAB 030046]; (10) Tana River, type locality for P. catostoma tanensis Whitehead and Greenwood, 1959, here recognized as P. tanensis (Whitehead and Greenwood, 1959) [SAIAB 85907]; (11) Lake Rukwa [SAIAB 059515]; (12) Lufubu River, Luapula River system, P. longianalis sp. nov. [SAIAB 76758]; (13) East Lungu River, Kafue/Zambezi River system [SAIAB 040074]; (14) East Lumwana River, Zambezi system [SAIAB 041208]; (15) Mwekera Stream, Kafue/Zambezi River system [SAIAB 042559]; (16) Kapesha River, Lake Malawi [SAIAB 039328]; (17) Dwangwa River, Lake Malawi [specimen SAIAB 050065]; (18) Kaombe River, Lake Malawi [SAIAB 050155]; (19) Lake Chiuta [SAIAB 039264]; (20) Mulela River [SAIAB 055875]; (21) Zambezi River Delta, type locality for P. petersi sp. nov. [SAIAB 060846]; (22) Mbuluzi River, Swaziland [SAIAB 067228]; (23) Cunene River, type locality for P. magnoculis sp. nov. [SAIAB 78788]; (24) Lukula River, type locality for P. haullevillii Boulenger 1912 [BMNH 1912.4.1.186-188]; (25) Rufiji basin, type locality for P. steindachneri Fowler 1958 [NMW 551181]; (26) Mukishi on Lomami River (Congo River basin), type locality for" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4590830" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4590830/files/figure.png" pageId="57" pageNumber="2234">Figure 1</figureCitation>
|
||
), also western confluences to Lake
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33E7632FFD9FFA9A393FA03623C378C" box="[490,575,1497,1521]" name="Malawi" pageId="57" pageNumber="2234">Malawi</collectingCountry>
|
||
(nos 16–18), but probably not Lake Chiuta (no. 19).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9636A2FFD9FFA9A2F6F998623934E7" blockId="57.[143,1104,1602,1690]" pageId="57" pageNumber="2234">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFD9FFA9A2F6F99860FA3427" box="[143,249,1602,1626]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="2234">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
Compared with the other species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D21FFD9FFA9A0F1F99963143427" authorityName=": Boulenger" authorityYear="1898" box="[648,791,1603,1626]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Mormyridae" genus="Petrocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="57" pageNumber="2234" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="catostoma">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFD9FFA9A0F1F99963143427" box="[648,791,1603,1626]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="2234">P. catostoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is distinguished by its very low range for
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED38AE67FFD9FFA9A349F9B861643407" box="[304,359,1634,1658]" country="Italy" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15292" name="Herbarium Mediterraneum Panormitanum" pageId="57" pageNumber="2234" type="Herbarium">PAL</collectionCode>
|
||
, LSo, HL
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFD9FFA9A3A0F9B861E63407" box="[473,485,1634,1658]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="2234">/</emphasis>
|
||
Na,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED38AE67FFD9FFA9A061F9B962423407" box="[536,577,1635,1658]" pageId="57" pageNumber="2234">BD</collectionCode>
|
||
, nD, nA, but long HL, and an SPc median of 14 intermediate between the extremes.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3336529FFDAFFAAA2AAFF7D642C3342" pageId="58" pageNumber="2235" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9636A2FFDAFFAAA2AAFF7D649032C2" blockId="58.[211,1171,167,223]" box="[211,1171,167,192]" pageId="58" pageNumber="2235">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D21FFDAFFAAA2AAFF7D62C232C2" ID-CoL="4FDX3" authority="David and Poll, 1937" authorityName="David and Poll" authorityYear="1937" box="[211,705,167,192]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Mormyridae" genus="Petrocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="58" pageNumber="2235" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="congicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFDAFFAAA2AAFF7D61D232BD" bold="true" box="[211,465,167,192]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="2235">Petrocephalus congicus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B53FFDAFFAAA3AEFF7D62C232C2" author="David L & Poll M" box="[471,705,167,191]" pageId="58" pageNumber="2235" pagination="189 - 294" refId="ref44320" refString="David L, Poll M. 1937. Contribution a la faune ichthyologique du Congo Belge: collections du Dr. H. Schouteden (1924 - 1926) et d'autres recolteurs. Ann Mus Congo Belge (Ser. 1). 3: 189 - 294." type="journal article" year="1937">David and Poll, 1937</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(resurrected and elevated to species rank)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9636A2FFDAFFAAA02BFF1D631632A2" blockId="58.[211,1171,167,223]" box="[594,789,199,223]" pageId="58" pageNumber="2235">
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13122A27FFDAFFAAA023FF1D62BF32A2" box="[602,700,199,223]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="5.[143,210,1254,1276]" captionText="Figure 2(A–D). Photographs of members of southern and eastern African Petrocephalus species studied (numbers refer to localities given in Figures 1, 6 and 9). (1) P. catostoma (Günther, 1866), Lectotype, BMNH 1863.10.12.4, right side, SL 4.7 cm. (2) P. stuhlmanni Boulenger, 1909, holotype, BMNH 1907.12.3.1, SL 7.9 cm. (3) P. wesselsi Kramer and Van der Bank, 2000, right side, SL 9.7 cm, SAIAB 85922 (R1). (7) P. longicapitis sp. nov., SMF 28265 (R1), SL 9 cm. (9) P. okavangensis sp. nov., holotype, SAIAB 030046, right side, SL 6.1 cm. (10) P. catostoma tanensis Whitehead and Greenwood, 1959, holotype, BMNH 1963.11.29.1, right side, SL 6.7 cm. (10a) P. tanensis, field no. Ta05na, SL 8.7 cm, SAIAB 85907. (12) P. longianalis sp. nov., holotype, SL 8.2 cm, right side, SAIAB 76758. (21) P. petersi sp. nov., holotype, SAIAB 060846, right side, SL 6.4 cm. (23) P. magnoculis sp. nov., SL 8.9 cm, ZSM 38659. (24) P. haullevillii Boulenger, 1912, BMNH 1912.4.1.186–188 (R1), right side, SL 5.7 cm. (25) P. steindachneri Fowler 1958, syntype, NMW 55118:3, right side, SL 6.4 cm. (26) P. stuhlmanni congicus David and Poll, 1937, syntype, MRAC 30807-30808, SL 7.8 cm. (27) P. degeni Boulenger, 1906, BMNH 1906.5.30.84, right side, SL 8.12 cm. (28) P. catostoma, SAIAB 73894 (R1), right side, SL 6.4 cm. (31) P. magnitrunci sp. nov., SL 8.5 cm, SAIAB 67069 (R5, right side), see map Figure 6. Scale bar, 1 cm." pageId="58" pageNumber="2235">Figure 2</figureCitation>
|
||
, no. 26)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9636A2FFDAFFAAA2AAFEDD642C3342" blockId="58.[211,1172,263,319]" pageId="58" pageNumber="2235">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB39118CFFDAFFAAA2AAFEDD642C3342" pageId="58" pageNumber="2235">
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A8810B3FFDAFFAAA2AAFEDD63C43362" author="David L & Poll M" box="[211,967,263,287]" page="199" pageId="58" pageNumber="2235" year="1937">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D21FFDAFFAAA2AAFEDD63C43362" ID-CoL="4FDX3" authority="David and Poll, 1937: 199" authorityName="David and Poll" authorityPageNumber="199" authorityYear="1937" box="[211,967,263,287]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Mormyridae" genus="Petrocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="58" pageNumber="2235" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="stuhlmanni" subSpecies="congicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFDAFFAAA2AAFEDD62653362" box="[211,614,263,287]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="2235">Petrocephalus stuhlmanni congicus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B53FFDAFFAAA00EFEDD63C43362" author="David L & Poll M" box="[631,967,263,287]" pageId="58" pageNumber="2235" pagination="189 - 294" refId="ref44320" refString="David L, Poll M. 1937. Contribution a la faune ichthyologique du Congo Belge: collections du Dr. H. Schouteden (1924 - 1926) et d'autres recolteurs. Ann Mus Congo Belge (Ser. 1). 3: 189 - 294." type="journal article" year="1937">David and Poll, 1937: 199</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A8810B3FFDAFFAAA1A4FEDD61EA3342" author="Whitehead PJ & Greenwood PH" page="286" pageId="58" pageNumber="2235" year="1959">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B53FFDAFFAAA1A4FEDD61EA3342" author="Whitehead PJ & Greenwood PH" pageId="58" pageNumber="2235" pagination="283 - 295" refId="ref46804" refString="Whitehead PJ, Greenwood PH. 1959. Mormyrid fishes of the genus Petrocephalus in Eastern Africa, with a redescription of Petrocephalus gliroides (Vinc.). Rev Zool Bot Afr. 60: 283 - 295." type="journal article" year="1959">Whitehead and Greenwood 1959: 286</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(synonymy with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D21FFDAFFAAA0D0FEFD641C3342" ID-CoL="4FDX3" authorityName="David & Poll" authorityYear="1937" box="[681,1055,295,319]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Mormyridae" genus="Petrocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="58" pageNumber="2235" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="catostoma" subSpecies="congicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFDAFFAAA0D0FEFD641C3342" box="[681,1055,295,319]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="2235">Petrocephalus catostoma congicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3336529FFDAFFAAA2AAFEAB621537FC" pageId="58" pageNumber="2235" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9636A2FFDAFFAAA2AAFEAB637A33F5" blockId="58.[211,889,368,392]" box="[211,889,368,392]" pageId="58" pageNumber="2235">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFDAFFAAA2AAFEAB618633F5" box="[211,389,369,392]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="2235">Type specimens.</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B413CFFFFDAFFAAA3F5FEAA637A33F5" box="[396,889,368,392]" collectionCode="MRAC" pageId="58" pageNumber="2235" specimenCode="MRAC 30807-30808" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="syntype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54928800FFDAFFAAA3F5FEAA61F633F5" box="[396,501,368,392]" pageId="58" pageNumber="2235" type="syntype">Syntypes</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB8F9ED9FFDAFFAAA386FEAA62EB33F5" box="[511,744,368,392]" collectionCode="MRAC" country="Belgium" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/z14b-bb31" name="Musée Royal de l’Afrique Centrale" pageId="58" pageNumber="2235" type="Museum">MRAC 30807-30808</specimenCode>
|
||
(2) (studied)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9636A2FFDAFFAAA2AAFE616205338C" blockId="58.[211,1172,441,497]" pageId="58" pageNumber="2235">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B413CFFFFDAFFAAA2AAFE6162F333AC" box="[211,752,441,466]" country="Democratic Republic of the Congo" location="Mukishi River" municipality="Lumami" pageId="58" pageNumber="2235" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFDAFFAAA2AAFE61616B33AF" box="[211,360,442,466]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="2235">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54928800FFDAFFAAA2AAFE61610A33AF" box="[211,265,443,466]" pageId="58" pageNumber="2235">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<location id="8EF66079FFDAFFAAA316FE63621033AC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038087B4FFD8FFAAA3B7FA88621537FC:8EF66079FFDAFFAAA316FE63621033AC" box="[367,531,441,465]" country="Democratic Republic of the Congo" municipality="Lumami" name="Mukishi River" pageId="58" pageNumber="2235">Mukishi River</location>
|
||
at
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BF2ACD8FFDAFFAAA04FFE63629933AC" box="[566,666,441,465]" pageId="58" pageNumber="2235">Lumami</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33E7632FFDAFFAAA0DDFE6362F333AC" box="[676,752,441,465]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="58" pageNumber="2235">Congo</collectingCountry>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
River basin,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33E7632FFDAFFAAA1FFFE63611C338C" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="58" pageNumber="2235">Democratic Republic of Congo</collectingCountry>
|
||
(08
|
||
<superScript id="7C5C9BEAFFDAFFAAA333FE0C6151339A" attach="none" box="[330,338,470,487]" fontSize="7" pageId="58" pageNumber="2235">◦</superScript>
|
||
30
|
||
<superScript id="7C5C9BEAFFDAFFAAA316FE0C6170339A" attach="left" box="[367,371,470,487]" fontSize="7" pageId="58" pageNumber="2235">′</superScript>
|
||
S, 24
|
||
<superScript id="7C5C9BEAFFDAFFAAA3CBFE0C61B9339A" attach="none" box="[434,442,470,487]" fontSize="7" pageId="58" pageNumber="2235">◦</superScript>
|
||
44
|
||
<superScript id="7C5C9BEAFFDAFFAAA3AEFE0C61D8339A" attach="left" box="[471,475,470,487]" fontSize="7" pageId="58" pageNumber="2235">′</superScript>
|
||
E).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9636A2FFDAFFAAA2AAFDFE622D31A4" blockId="58.[211,1172,547,985]" pageId="58" pageNumber="2235">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFDAFFAAA2AAFDFE61443046" box="[211,327,548,571]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="2235">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B413CFFFFDAFFAAA337FDF9622931A4" collectionCode="PDL, PAL, CPL, CPD, BD" latitude="0.231" longLatPrecision="78" longitude="-0.238" pageId="58" pageNumber="2235" specimenCount="1">
|
||
Predorsal length,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED38AE67FFDAFFAAA066FDFE625A3046" box="[543,601,548,571]" pageId="58" pageNumber="2235">PDL</collectionCode>
|
||
, mean 0.627 (range
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1D5065FFDAFFAAA137FDF963883046" box="[846,907,547,571]" degrees="0.618" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="58" pageNumber="2235" precision="55" value="0.618">0.618</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1D5065FFDAFFAAA1F2FDF963D53046" box="[907,982,547,571]" degrees="0.635" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="58" pageNumber="2235" precision="55" value="-0.635">–0.635</geoCoordinate>
|
||
) of SL; preanal length,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED38AE67FFDAFFAAA34AFD9961693026" box="[307,362,579,603]" country="Italy" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15292" name="Herbarium Mediterraneum Panormitanum" pageId="58" pageNumber="2235" type="Herbarium">PAL</collectionCode>
|
||
, mean 0.556 (range
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1D5065FFDAFFAAA000FD9962B53026" box="[633,694,579,603]" degrees="0.535" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="58" pageNumber="2235" precision="55" value="0.535">0.535</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1D5065FFDAFFAAA0CFFD9963023026" box="[694,769,579,603]" degrees="0.578" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="58" pageNumber="2235" precision="55" value="-0.578">–0.578</geoCoordinate>
|
||
) of SL; dorsal fin length, LD, mean 0.16 (range
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1D5065FFDAFFAAA3CDFDB861F33007" box="[436,496,610,634]" degrees="0.155" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="58" pageNumber="2235" precision="55" value="0.155">0.155</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1D5065FFDAFFAAA388FDB8623F3007" box="[497,572,610,634]" degrees="0.166" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="58" pageNumber="2235" precision="55" value="-0.166">–0.166</geoCoordinate>
|
||
) of SL; anal fin length, LA, mean 0.237 (range
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1D5065FFDAFFAAA2AAFD58611230E7" box="[211,273,642,666]" degrees="0.234" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="58" pageNumber="2235" precision="55" value="0.234">0.234</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1D5065FFDAFFAAA368FD58615830E7" box="[273,347,642,666]" degrees="0.241" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="58" pageNumber="2235" precision="55" value="-0.241">–0.241</geoCoordinate>
|
||
) of SL; distance dorsal fin origin to end of caudal peduncle, pD, mean 0.427 (range
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1D5065FFDAFFAAA30CFD7861B130C7" box="[373,434,674,698]" degrees="0.417" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="58" pageNumber="2235" precision="55" value="0.417">0.417</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1D5065FFDAFFAAA3CBFD7861FE30C7" box="[434,509,674,698]" degrees="0.438" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="58" pageNumber="2235" precision="55" value="-0.438">–0.438</geoCoordinate>
|
||
) of SL; length of caudal peduncle,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED38AE67FFDAFFAAA1C6FD7863F430C7" box="[959,1015,674,698]" pageId="58" pageNumber="2235">CPL</collectionCode>
|
||
, mean 0.232 (range
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1D5065FFDAFFAAA351FD18616630A7" box="[296,357,706,730]" degrees="0.228" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="58" pageNumber="2235" precision="55" value="0.228">0.228</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1D5065FFDAFFAAA31CFD1861B330A7" box="[357,432,706,730]" degrees="0.237" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="58" pageNumber="2235" precision="55" value="-0.237">–0.237</geoCoordinate>
|
||
) of SL; depth of caudal peduncle,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED38AE67FFDAFFAAA127FD18639A30A7" box="[862,921,706,730]" pageId="58" pageNumber="2235">CPD</collectionCode>
|
||
, mean 0.2965 (range
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1D5065FFDAFFAAA2AAFD3861133087" box="[211,272,738,762]" degrees="0.296" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="58" pageNumber="2235" precision="55" value="0.296">0.296</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1D5065FFDAFFAAA369FD3861583087" box="[272,347,738,762]" degrees="0.297" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="58" pageNumber="2235" precision="55" value="-0.297">–0.297</geoCoordinate>
|
||
) of
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED38AE67FFDAFFAAA3FEFD3861BC3087" box="[391,447,738,762]" pageId="58" pageNumber="2235">CPL</collectionCode>
|
||
, length of caudal peduncle; length of snout to centre of eye, LSc, mean 0.334 (range
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1D5065FFDAFFAAA3CAFCD861F33167" box="[435,496,770,794]" degrees="0.326" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="58" pageNumber="2235" precision="55" value="0.326">0.326</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1D5065FFDAFFAAA388FCD862383167" box="[497,571,770,794]" degrees="0.343" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="58" pageNumber="2235" precision="55" value="-0.343">–0.343</geoCoordinate>
|
||
) of HL; length of snout to posterior orbital rim of eye, LSo, mean 0.419 (range
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1D5065FFDAFFAAA06CFCF862513147" box="[533,594,802,826]" degrees="0.408" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="58" pageNumber="2235" precision="55" value="0.408">0.408</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1D5065FFDAFFAAA02BFCF8629E3147" box="[594,669,802,826]" degrees="0.429" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="58" pageNumber="2235" precision="55" value="-0.429">–0.429</geoCoordinate>
|
||
) of HL; head length, HL, mean 0.234 (range
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1D5065FFDAFFAAA2AAFC98610C3127" box="[211,271,834,858]" degrees="0.231" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="58" pageNumber="2235" precision="55" value="0.231">0.231</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1D5065FFDAFFAAA376FC9861593127" box="[271,346,834,858]" degrees="0.238" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="58" pageNumber="2235" precision="55" value="-0.238">–0.238</geoCoordinate>
|
||
) of SL; distance between the pair of nares of one side, Na, mean 20.1 (range 18.87–21.32) times in HL, head length; body depth,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED38AE67FFDAFFAAA1FEFCB863B33104" box="[903,944,866,889]" pageId="58" pageNumber="2235">BD</collectionCode>
|
||
, mean 0.293 (range 0.286–0.3) of SL; dorsal fin ray number, nD, median 18.5 (range 18–19); anal fin ray number, nA, median 27.5 (range 27–28); number of scales around caudal peduncle, SPc, median 12 (range, 12–12)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9636A2FFDAFFAAA2AAFBD1621537FC" blockId="58.[211,1172,1034,1409]" pageId="58" pageNumber="2235">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFDAFFAAA2AAFBD1613E365E" box="[211,317,1035,1059]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="2235">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
“Judging from the known range of variation within
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFDAFFAAA1F4FBD66430365E" box="[909,1075,1036,1059]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="2235">
|
||
P. c.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D21FFDAFFAAA1BBFBD66430365E" authorityName=": Boulenger" authorityYear="1898" box="[962,1075,1036,1059]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Mormyridae" genus="Petrocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="58" pageNumber="2235" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="catostoma">catostoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
it seems possible that the two Congoan forms [i.e.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D21FFDAFFAAA0D3FBF16318363E" authorityName="Boulenger" authorityYear="1912" box="[682,795,1067,1091]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Mormyridae" genus="Petrocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="58" pageNumber="2235" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="haullevillii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFDAFFAAA0D3FBF16318363E" box="[682,795,1067,1091]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="2235">haullevillii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D21FFDAFFAAA12CFBF163B0363F" authorityName="David and Poll" authorityYear="1937" box="[853,947,1067,1090]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Mormyridae" genus="Petrocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="58" pageNumber="2235" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="congicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFDAFFAAA12CFBF163B0363F" box="[853,947,1067,1090]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="2235">congicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
] may yet have to be united” (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B53FFDAFFAAA34EFB9062EA361F" author="Whitehead PJ & Greenwood PH" box="[311,745,1098,1122]" pageId="58" pageNumber="2235" pagination="283 - 295" refId="ref46804" refString="Whitehead PJ, Greenwood PH. 1959. Mormyrid fishes of the genus Petrocephalus in Eastern Africa, with a redescription of Petrocephalus gliroides (Vinc.). Rev Zool Bot Afr. 60: 283 - 295." type="journal article" year="1959">Whitehead and Greenwood 1959: 286</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D21FFDAFFAAA085FB916479361F" authorityName="David and Poll" authorityYear="1937" box="[764,1146,1099,1123]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Mormyridae" genus="Petrocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="58" pageNumber="2235" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="stuhlmanni" subSpecies="congicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFDAFFAAA085FB916479361F" box="[764,1146,1099,1123]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="2235">Petrocephalus stuhlmanni congicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is distinguished from other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D21FFDAFFAAA38BFBB0628836FF" authorityName="Kramer and Van der Bank" authorityYear="2000" box="[498,651,1130,1154]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Mormyridae" genus="Petrocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="58" pageNumber="2235" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFDAFFAAA38BFBB0628836FF" box="[498,651,1130,1154]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="2235">Petrocephalus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by one of the shortest values for head length, HL, in combination with dorsal fin ray number, nD, in the lowest range. This leaves only
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D21FFDAFFAAA375FB71619936BF" authorityName="Boulenger" authorityYear="1912" box="[268,410,1194,1218]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Mormyridae" genus="Petrocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="58" pageNumber="2235" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="haullevillii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFDAFFAAA375FB71619936BF" box="[268,410,1194,1218]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="2235">P. haullevillii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as an alternative.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D21FFDAFFAAA013FB7063EA36BF" authorityName="David and Poll" authorityYear="1937" box="[618,1001,1194,1218]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Mormyridae" genus="Petrocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="58" pageNumber="2235" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="stuhlmanni" subSpecies="congicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFDAFFAAA013FB7063EA36BF" box="[618,1001,1194,1218]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="2235">Petrocephalus stuhlmanni congicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D21FFDAFFAAA607FB716147369F" authorityName="Boulenger" authorityYear="1912" class="Actinopterygii" family="Mormyridae" genus="Petrocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="58" pageNumber="2235" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="haullevillii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFDAFFAAA607FB716147369F" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="2235">P. haullevillii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by a rosette of electroreceptor organs (above the eye, Augenrosette;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B53FFDAFFAAA63BFB10610F377F" author="Harder W" pageId="58" pageNumber="2235" pagination="212 - 224" refId="ref44689" refString="Harder W. 1968. Zum Aufbau der epidermalen Sinnesorgane der Mormyridae (Mormyriformes, Teleostei). Z Zellforsch (present name: Cell Tiss Res). 89: 212 - 224." type="journal article" year="1968">Harder 1968</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), absent in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D21FFDAFFAAA3E8FB316223377F" authorityName="Boulenger" authorityYear="1912" box="[401,544,1258,1282]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Mormyridae" genus="Petrocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="58" pageNumber="2235" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="haullevillii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFDAFFAAA3E8FB316223377F" box="[401,544,1258,1282]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="2235">P. haullevillii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
that has no such rosette (S. Lavoué, personal communication). Among other differences,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D21FFDAFFAAA009FAD162EF375F" authorityName="David and Poll" authorityYear="1937" box="[624,748,1291,1314]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Mormyridae" genus="Petrocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="58" pageNumber="2235" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="congicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFDAFFAAA009FAD162EF375F" box="[624,748,1291,1314]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="2235">P. congicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D21FFDAFFAAA15EFAD163BE375F" authorityName="David and Poll" authorityYear="1937" box="[807,957,1290,1314]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Mormyridae" genus="Petrocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="58" pageNumber="2235" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stuhlmanni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFDAFFAAA15EFAD163BE375F" box="[807,957,1290,1314]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="2235">P. stuhlmanni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differ markedly in their values for caudal peduncle depth (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED38AE67FFDAFFAAA0E8FAF362CF373C" box="[657,716,1321,1345]" pageId="58" pageNumber="2235">CPD</collectionCode>
|
||
) and head length (HL); these characters are among the greatest in the former and smallest in the latter species in the present assemblage of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D21FFDAFFAAA30FFAB3620C37FC" authorityName="Kramer and Van der Bank" authorityYear="2000" box="[374,527,1385,1409]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Mormyridae" genus="Petrocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="58" pageNumber="2235" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFDAFFAAA30FFAB3620C37FC" box="[374,527,1385,1409]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="2235">Petrocephalus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |