200 lines
24 KiB
XML
200 lines
24 KiB
XML
<document ID-CLB-Dataset="23842" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.915.47563" ID-GBIF-Dataset="57b9add5-0efe-4b03-a201-03d271474971" ID-PMC="PMC7052027" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-915-17" ID-Pensoft-UUID="3DAF441E367D5E90BD8CEBAEC0DBCAA2" ID-PubMed="32148421" ID-ZooBank="896D7C1D210547FCB5E055135FEDDB9D" ModsDocID="1313-2970-915-17" checkinTime="1582662206152" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="LeMay, Gabriel A. & Agnarsson, Ingi" docDate="2020" docId="49EE210DB31251188C60F50BA272ABA1" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 915: 17-24" docOrigin="ZooKeys 915" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.915.47563" docTitle="Spintharus gracilis Keyserling 1886" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" id="3DAF441E367D5E90BD8CEBAEC0DBCAA2" lastPageNumber="17" masterDocId="3DAF441E367D5E90BD8CEBAEC0DBCAA2" masterDocTitle="New species of smiley-faced spider Spintharus (Araneae, Theridiidae) from Brazil, and comments on unobserved diversity in South America" masterLastPageNumber="24" masterPageNumber="17" pageNumber="17" updateTime="1732841593139" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="48E7646A194001CE9B23A20FBA298E1C">New species of smiley-faced spider Spintharus (Araneae, Theridiidae) from Brazil, and comments on unobserved diversity in South America</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="F4B4E562426EB66A4E824DE20B093BDD">LeMay, Gabriel A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="DA4D2CE69AC512CE5C230DD04ED55B0A">Agnarsson, Ingi</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="49EE210DB31251188C60F50BA272ABA1" ID-GBIF-Taxon="162267184" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:49EE210DB31251188C60F50BA272ABA1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/49EE210DB31251188C60F50BA272ABA1" lastPageNumber="17" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" scope_family="Theridiidae" scope_order="Araneae">
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<subSubSection id="F8A8F39832427FD4555F46D14091C243" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="E2350ECB96B4EE30A8C90C878764A8EE" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">
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<taxonomicName id="1381273460908A1DB51F5010DD4259A2" ID-CoL="4Z62V" LSID="49EE210D-B312-5118-8C60-F50BA272ABA1" authority="Keyserling, 1886" authorityName="Keyserling" authorityYear="1886" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Spintharus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Spintharus gracilis" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilis">Spintharus gracilis Keyserling, 1886</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation id="A015E314B117985B4211412B1F96C78A" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Spintharus gracilis Keyserling from Rio Grande do Sul, Sao Leopoldo. Female (A-C); A dorsal B ventral C lateral. Male (D-F); D dorsal E ventral F lateral G-I epigynum: G digested dorsal H digested ventral I undigested ventral J palp ventral K male syntype palp illustrated by Levi (1963 a). L-N Male from Rio Grande do Sul, Eldorado do Sul (30 ° 05 ' 32.2 " S, 51 ° 40 ' 20.4 " W) L dorsal M ventral N lateral O palp ventral. While we hypothesize that all illustrated palps belong to S. gracilis, note that the male from Eldorado do Sul is smaller, has smaller palp, and differs subtly in conformation, e. g., area of tegulum exposed." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.915.47563.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/382979" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Figure 1A-O</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="9D38A861403CB585340A964905A6A87F" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8A97AD07EFE193AB1266C9914B7CF358" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">
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<taxonomicName id="57ED95DE27BA3A26FC3758F5251F75CC" authorityName="Keyserling" authorityYear="1886" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Spintharus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Spintharus gracilis" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilis">Spintharus gracilis</taxonomicName>
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Keyserling, 1886: 244, plate 20, fig. 298a, b (Holotype unknown, however syntypes from Blumenau, Santa Catarina, Brazil, deposited in the British Museum of Natural History have been re-examined;
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<bibRefCitation id="3E9DD9D72681402B1461BD8DEF7232E0" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1155/1963/54690" author="Levi, HW" journalOrPublisher="Psyche" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" pagination="223 - 234" refId="B8" refString="Levi, HW, 1963a. The American spider genera Spintharus and Thwaitesia (Araneae: Theridiidae). Psyche 70: 223 - 234, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/1963/54690" title="The American spider genera Spintharus and Thwaitesia (Araneae: Theridiidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1155/1963/54690" volume="70" year="1963 a">Levi 1963a</bibRefCitation>
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: 227, figs 2v, 10-13).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="2563CD876B7A98F25FE4AE62B333779D" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="A8F8A7ED6B764B6A6A10653B1C807142" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A45C31BE3FE85067F6FDFE7F62578F53" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">
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<emphasis id="B10A3C6F54FB3E65017CBF36095D80AE" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Brazil</emphasis>
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, Rio Grande do Sul,
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<normalizedToken id="42A23D836C11FCBC29781F4B27E22191" originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
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Leopoldo, 19.viii.1986, C.J. Becker, 1 female, (MCTP);
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<normalizedToken id="7586751CE670C0055DD404718D666AD2" originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
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Leopoldo, 19.viii.1986, C.J. Becker, 1 male, (MCTP); Eldorado do Sul,
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<geoCoordinate id="9DE6A08D12AEDFC788C7C3AAF673C8FE" degrees="30" direction="south" minutes="05" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="32.2" value="-30.092278">30°05'32.2"S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="A9ACB9B176E65E092A98258A276EC72F" degrees="51" direction="west" minutes="40" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="20.4" value="-51.672333">51°40'20.4"W</geoCoordinate>
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, 25.vii.1995, A.A. Lise, 1 male, (MCTP); Novo Hamburgo, 1.x.1986, C.J. Becker, 2 females, 1 male, (MCTP); Campo Bom, 19.x.1987, C.J. Becker, 1 male, (MCTP);
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<normalizedToken id="CA9DE5C3FD4DB8A71BA88275B0FDEBC1" originalValue="Viamão">Viamao</normalizedToken>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="B4E84D0DE8C699F0874C1E58E417B992" degrees="30" direction="south" minutes="04" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="42.7" value="-30.07853">30°04'42.7"S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="70090AB60AC6903C089E586EA43F9BFD" degrees="51" direction="west" minutes="03" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="02.0" value="-51.050556">51°03'02.0"W</geoCoordinate>
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, 19.viii.1994, A.A. Lise, 1 female, 4 males, (MCTP).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="95060431AD052254AB746AE54D323BAF" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="F2E887A9344D764F55621D0AD780AD52" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="7D5C4ED91C172044E4FAB1C284E04CE5" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">
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<taxonomicName id="A87D128D00B31E9457D68EA8AC0434AC" authorityName="Keyserling" authorityYear="1886" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Spintharus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Spintharus gracilis" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilis">
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<emphasis id="FBE0E93894E71BC8EF53A8FB79F8E52C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Spintharus gracilis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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females differ from all other
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<taxonomicName id="884676576BDB9C1BFC269ED18C2AF140" authorityName="Hentz" authorityYear="1850" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Spintharus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Spintharus" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="FD6E1D546CB704F7B512230B0F73E798" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Spintharus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species by the long and narrow abdomen being>3
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<normalizedToken id="DFCC5C245A3225A04A807AED1F1891A1" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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longer than wide (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="2C74980BE4E1745F73A7DBBA118D218F" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Spintharus gracilis Keyserling from Rio Grande do Sul, Sao Leopoldo. Female (A-C); A dorsal B ventral C lateral. Male (D-F); D dorsal E ventral F lateral G-I epigynum: G digested dorsal H digested ventral I undigested ventral J palp ventral K male syntype palp illustrated by Levi (1963 a). L-N Male from Rio Grande do Sul, Eldorado do Sul (30 ° 05 ' 32.2 " S, 51 ° 40 ' 20.4 " W) L dorsal M ventral N lateral O palp ventral. While we hypothesize that all illustrated palps belong to S. gracilis, note that the male from Eldorado do Sul is smaller, has smaller palp, and differs subtly in conformation, e. g., area of tegulum exposed." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.915.47563.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/382979" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">1A-C</figureCitation>
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). Males differ from all other
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<taxonomicName id="53E5AF72F69B1025573DD113062A4A77" authorityName="Hentz" authorityYear="1850" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Spintharus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Spintharus" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="87B5BFA6EB62642FE49E8A38D4EF9F92" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Spintharus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species by the extremely long embolus traversing the entire outer edge of the tegulum (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="3BFAD985F83BCFB7FD4EEFA1FA72BB96" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Spintharus gracilis Keyserling from Rio Grande do Sul, Sao Leopoldo. Female (A-C); A dorsal B ventral C lateral. Male (D-F); D dorsal E ventral F lateral G-I epigynum: G digested dorsal H digested ventral I undigested ventral J palp ventral K male syntype palp illustrated by Levi (1963 a). L-N Male from Rio Grande do Sul, Eldorado do Sul (30 ° 05 ' 32.2 " S, 51 ° 40 ' 20.4 " W) L dorsal M ventral N lateral O palp ventral. While we hypothesize that all illustrated palps belong to S. gracilis, note that the male from Eldorado do Sul is smaller, has smaller palp, and differs subtly in conformation, e. g., area of tegulum exposed." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.915.47563.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/382979" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">1J, K, O</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="87B5CAEDB3AB2E652140DDBCFDBF3BB4" doi="10.3897/zookeys.915.47563.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/382979" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" start="Figure 1" startId="F1">
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||
<paragraph id="2F40679109428293CDF5FD5DA6133512" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">
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||
<emphasis id="99727911EDFB3347D70D61171795170F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Figure 1.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="1C6030EE82E40A38C48B540DB5494B82" authorityName="Keyserling" authorityYear="1886" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Spintharus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Spintharus gracilis" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilis">
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<emphasis id="9B5474A318FBB7A7EA1537B2558E96BE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Spintharus gracilis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Keyserling from Rio Grande do Sul,
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<normalizedToken id="D9A729331D821803D53631F126161693" originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
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Leopoldo. Female (
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||
<emphasis id="19ECB736329E3179ABAB1AF9BEED0D19" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">A-C</emphasis>
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);
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||
<emphasis id="C2C1449C2B34BE07767B5E45968A15BC" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">A</emphasis>
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dorsal
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||
<emphasis id="05B3BF25E42CC04502FFA72D87D68005" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">B</emphasis>
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ventral
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<emphasis id="28D82CE0F7C9ACA5C6EA5107BB170FFF" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">C</emphasis>
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lateral. Male (
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<emphasis id="1D03A7ABA6A29299D51DD859B6C8F312" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">D-F</emphasis>
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);
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<emphasis id="6E0A12119AA9CA9F68CAE52077259310" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">D</emphasis>
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dorsal
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||
<emphasis id="9C7D3F5056D812AA3DD5411AD02B35E3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">E</emphasis>
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ventral
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<emphasis id="FFAD8D437EDED10CA8E2940651FD4228" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">F</emphasis>
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lateral
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||
<emphasis id="9012375E6579583F76D14C031F0E0734" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">G-I</emphasis>
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epigynum:
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||
<emphasis id="2372B9F1BB6830381897EC86028B7545" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">G</emphasis>
|
||
digested dorsal
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||
<emphasis id="B5687560CC209C1385BE1A9D9CD048DD" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">H</emphasis>
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digested ventral
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||
<emphasis id="5013610570AFCD548CF72160AAFFCA98" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">I</emphasis>
|
||
undigested ventral
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||
<emphasis id="0A1D05EAC46C780BFF8155E045F06AEA" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">J</emphasis>
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palp ventral
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||
<emphasis id="585E299AB274C584415FB5E374172F98" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">K</emphasis>
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male syntype palp illustrated by
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||
<bibRefCitation id="A2D0899FA603F5624D8B5939911B1EE6" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1155/1963/54690" author="Levi, HW" journalOrPublisher="Psyche" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" pagination="223 - 234" refId="B8" refString="Levi, HW, 1963a. The American spider genera Spintharus and Thwaitesia (Araneae: Theridiidae). Psyche 70: 223 - 234, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/1963/54690" title="The American spider genera Spintharus and Thwaitesia (Araneae: Theridiidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1155/1963/54690" volume="70" year="1963 a">Levi (1963a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
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||
<emphasis id="A58EC889032C57522AB5D193DD2B92B9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">L-N</emphasis>
|
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Male from Rio Grande do Sul, Eldorado do Sul (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="D1B2C6D191DB6B1CA7294A36351936C2" degrees="30" direction="south" minutes="05" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="32.2" value="-30.092278">30°05'32.2"S</geoCoordinate>
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||
,
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||
<geoCoordinate id="8D22805F287E2CF37CD04D498F046932" degrees="51" direction="west" minutes="40" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="20.4" value="-51.672333">51°40'20.4"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
)
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||
<emphasis id="FDF867B7A5D7538FC83003D255DCAEC3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">L</emphasis>
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||
dorsal
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||
<emphasis id="9608BF72C69763B40936A5BBECCF3ED3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">M</emphasis>
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||
ventral
|
||
<emphasis id="9513BE294B43B687FEBA8088F68AA0D3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">N</emphasis>
|
||
lateral
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||
<emphasis id="1C18D02ADE8E296F41368C3D3FC9A8A2" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">O</emphasis>
|
||
palp ventral. While we hypothesize that all illustrated palps belong to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="392ED32C2E7887884B5E5526672C8FA0" lsidName="S. gracilis" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" rank="species" species="gracilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="61CA91D8DFCA4AA7CBE51ED66C6B39FC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">S. gracilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, note that the male from Eldorado do Sul is smaller, has smaller palp, and differs subtly in conformation, e.g., area of tegulum exposed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="63570AFACEE190365A621B054F9FFCF4" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="3E0DA8DE182B44D827BDF2AA56F560AE" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Description.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BCF6146E51CE6C426AC05BA184A10262" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">
|
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<emphasis id="08854D73C4167B108E989969CE6594D7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Female.</emphasis>
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Total length 4.21 (mm). Cephalothorax 1.05 long, 0.92 wide, 0.67 high, light yellow.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="7EB95B256334E5AB4ACBDEC33064BAE1" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">
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Sternum 0.77 long, 0.51 wide, extending half way between coxae IV, light yellow. Abdomen 3.16 long, 1.04 wide, 0.88 high. Narrow to oval without humps (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="61EFCC2A108D64475AA9AA95A778BB06" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Spintharus gracilis Keyserling from Rio Grande do Sul, Sao Leopoldo. Female (A-C); A dorsal B ventral C lateral. Male (D-F); D dorsal E ventral F lateral G-I epigynum: G digested dorsal H digested ventral I undigested ventral J palp ventral K male syntype palp illustrated by Levi (1963 a). L-N Male from Rio Grande do Sul, Eldorado do Sul (30 ° 05 ' 32.2 " S, 51 ° 40 ' 20.4 " W) L dorsal M ventral N lateral O palp ventral. While we hypothesize that all illustrated palps belong to S. gracilis, note that the male from Eldorado do Sul is smaller, has smaller palp, and differs subtly in conformation, e. g., area of tegulum exposed." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.915.47563.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/382979" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">1A-C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Fragmented white lines follow the dorsolateral edge from anterior to posterior, excluding the posterior third of the total abdomen length. Terminuses of white lines are inflected slightly medially, being more pronounced at the anterior terminus. White markings nearly join to form a strip just anterior of the abdomen center, but remain separated by an unpigmented gap. All eyes approximately equal in size, anterior median eyes 0.06 in diameter, anterior lateral eyes 0.11 in diameter. All eyes slightly elevated on cephalothorax and located within one eye diameter apart from each other, except the posterior median, which are 0.18 apart. Leg I femur 1.92, patella 0.45, tibia 1.37, metatarsus 1.90, tarsus 0.59. All legs pale yellow.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CB6A1740F4FDA39DF6D894740DE7513E" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Epigynum with widely spaced and distinctly round copulatory openings and copulatory ducts spirals extending beyond the ectal margin of spermathecae.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3FB6498990AED2B3F6BF74FA57C5734D" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<emphasis id="2C363FF148886859BCC06A694B882A7A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Male.</emphasis>
|
||
Total length 3.56. Cephalothorax 0.97 long, 0.99 wide, 0.60 high, yellow with slightly darker shading on lateral sides. Sternum 0.69 long, 0.50 wide, extending half way between coxae IV, light yellow. Abdomen 2.5 long, 0.67 wide, 0.71 high. All eyes approximately equal in size, anterior median eyes 0.09 in diameter, anterior lateral eyes 0.12 in diameter. All eyes slightly elevated on cephalothorax and located within one eye diameter apart from each other, except the posterior medians, which are 0.18 apart. Leg I femur 2.28, patella 0.41, tibia 1.58, metatarsus 2.12, tarsus 0.50. All legs yellow. Darker brown shading on leg IV on patella and where tibia meets metatarsus.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="667D41178C3E6D38B58616431AA07BA0" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">
|
||
Male pedipalp with an extremely long spiral traversing the entire outer edge of the tegulum, leaving a large area of the tegulum exposed (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="7F4C2DAD2B8D919B3FDA94CA2D11B4E9" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Spintharus gracilis Keyserling from Rio Grande do Sul, Sao Leopoldo. Female (A-C); A dorsal B ventral C lateral. Male (D-F); D dorsal E ventral F lateral G-I epigynum: G digested dorsal H digested ventral I undigested ventral J palp ventral K male syntype palp illustrated by Levi (1963 a). L-N Male from Rio Grande do Sul, Eldorado do Sul (30 ° 05 ' 32.2 " S, 51 ° 40 ' 20.4 " W) L dorsal M ventral N lateral O palp ventral. While we hypothesize that all illustrated palps belong to S. gracilis, note that the male from Eldorado do Sul is smaller, has smaller palp, and differs subtly in conformation, e. g., area of tegulum exposed." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.915.47563.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/382979" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">1J</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5C4CA54F142C585547B51BA40A675EA2" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<emphasis id="14DC6E237D7CAA57BC95E102897C7AF8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Taxonomic note.</emphasis>
|
||
The specimens examined here are from the southeast coast of Brazil but to the south of the hitherto documented locations. Given the strong genetic structure found in the Caribbean (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7F9425DD7A0638F65047E91057F6B69C" DOI="https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.1422" author="Dziki, A" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" refId="B4" refString="Dziki, A, Binford, GJ, Coddington, JA, Agnarsson, I, 2015. Spintharusflavidus in the Caribbean-a 30 million year biogeographical history and radiation of a 'widespread species'. PeerJ 3: e1422. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.1422" title="Spintharusflavidus in the Caribbean-a 30 million year biogeographical history and radiation of a ' widespread species'. PeerJ 3: e 1422." url="https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.1422" year="2015">Dziki et al. 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) over relatively short distances, we cannot rule out that our redescription represents a new species. However, detailed sampling coupled with DNA data will be necessary to test the limits of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2002B517CF64D231C3D08FEE955A5595" lsidName="S. gracilis" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" rank="species" species="gracilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="3758C2F402482EDE989C9B947962AA8F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">S. gracilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, as was the case for "
|
||
<taxonomicName id="96F1FA07EB5607FCC787AFAF3C3FC3D9" lsidName="S. flavidus" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" rank="species" species="flavidus">
|
||
<emphasis id="7958DFB8A1F064FEF45EF95D11D25445" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">S. flavidus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
" (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2B42D610BEE755EF578B2B761D5B948B" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlx056" author="Agnarsson, I" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" pagination="758 - 790" refId="B2" refString="Agnarsson, I, Van Patten, C, Sargeant, L, Chomitz, B, Dziki, A, Binford, GJ, 2018. A radiation of the ornate Caribbean 'smiley-faced spiders', with descriptions of 15 new species (Araneae: Theridiidae, Spintharus). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 182: 758 - 790, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlx056" title="A radiation of the ornate Caribbean ' smiley-faced spiders', with descriptions of 15 new species (Araneae: Theridiidae, Spintharus)." url="https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlx056" volume="182" year="2018">Agnarsson et al. 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |